Latest Standards, Engineering Specifications, Manuals and Technical Publications

This document specifies requirements and test methods for measuring the accuracy of electronic apex locators that are used to determine the apex location during endodontic treatment.

This document specifies the standard cost coding system (SCCS) that classifies costs, work hours and quantities for the assets and operations associated with the oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy activities. This document covers all life cycle phases of the assets and operations.
The SCCS is applicable to:
cost estimation;
benchmarking;
cost monitoring and reporting;
collection of quantities, work hours and cost data;
exchange of cost data among organizations;
implementation in cost systems.
This document also provides a basis for the establishment of:
cost classification relevant to cost accounting rules, specific contractual agreements, local requirements for cost reporting to national bodies, government rules and tax regulations, authorization for expenditure, billing purposes, etc.;
unique project breakdown structures (e.g. work breakdown structures, contract breakdown structures and organizational breakdown structures) or asset breakdown structures (e.g. tag or system codes and area or module breakdown structures).
This document is intended for the following users:
operators or owners;
contractors;
vendors, manufacturers or suppliers;
authorities or regulatory bodies;
benchmarking companies;
consultants.

This document specifies requirements for the most important metrological and design characteristics of plain limit gauges of linear size.
This document defines the different types of plain limit gauges used to verify linear dimensional specifications associated with linear size.
This document also defines the design characteristics and the metrological characteristics for these limit gauges as well as the new or wear limits state maximum permissible limits (MPLs) for the new state or wear limits state for these metrological characteristics.
In addition, this document describes the use of limit gauges. It covers linear sizes of up to 500 mm.

This part of IEC/IEEE 62395 provides detailed recommendations for the system design, installation, maintenance and repair of electrical resistance trace heating systems in industrial and commercial applications. This document does not include or provide for any applications in potentially explosive atmospheres.
This document pertains to trace heating systems that can comprise either factory fabricated or field-assembled (work-site) units, and which can be series or parallel trace heaters, or surface heaters (heater pads or heater panels) that have been assembled and/or terminated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
The products covered by this document are intended to be installed by persons who are suitably trained in the techniques required and that only trained personnel carry out especially critical work, such as the installation of connections and terminations. Installations are intended to be carried out under the supervision of a qualified person who has undergone supplementary training in electric trace heating systems.
This document does not cover induction, impedance or skin effect heating.
Trace heating systems and surface heating systems can be grouped into different types of installations. These are characterized by different requirements for testing and are usually certified for a specific type of installation or application. Typical applications for the different types of installation are shown in Table 1.

IEC 60947-10:2026 applies to semiconductor circuit-breakers with a rated voltage up to 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC, intended to be installed and operated by instructed or skilled persons.
This document covers the following different types:
- semiconductor circuit-breakers (SCCBs) having semiconductor switching elements and, for isolation function, mechanical isolation contacts connected in series;
- semiconductor hybrid circuit-breakers (SCHCBs) having semiconductor switching elements and mechanical switching elements in parallel and in addition, for isolation function, mechanical isolation contacts connected in series.
In this document, where the term "circuit-breaker" only is used, it applies to both types.
This document applies regardless of the rated currents, the method of construction or the proposed applications of the circuit-breakers.
The object of this document is to state:
a) the characteristics of circuit-breakers;
b) the conditions with which circuit-breakers shall comply with reference to:
1) operation and behaviour in normal service;
2) operation and behaviour under specific abnormal circuit conditions (e.g. overload or short-circuit);
3) dielectric properties;
4) requirements on electromagnetic compatibility;
c) tests intended for confirming that these conditions have been met and the methods to be adopted for these tests;
d) information to be marked on or given with the circuit-breakers.

This part of IEC/IEEE 62395 specifies requirements for electrical resistance trace heating systems and includes general test requirements.
This document pertains to trace heating systems that can comprise either factory-fabricated or field-assembled (work-site) units, and which can be series and parallel trace heaters or surface heaters (heater pads and heater panels) that have been assembled and/or terminated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
This document also includes requirements for termination assemblies and control methods used with trace heating systems.
This document provides the essential requirements and testing appropriate to electrical resistance trace heating equipment used in industrial and commercial applications. The products complying with this document are intended to be installed by persons who are suitably trained in the techniques required and that only trained personnel carry out especially critical work, such as the installation of connections and terminations. Installations are intended to be carried out under the supervision of a qualified person who has undergone supplementary training in electric trace heating systems.
This document does not include or provide for any applications in potentially explosive atmospheres.
This document does not cover induction, impedance or skin effect heating. Trace heating systems are grouped into different types of applications and the different conditions found during and after installation necessitate different requirements for testing. Trace heating systems are usually for a specific type of installation or application. The product type grouping, applications and product attributes are indicated in Table 1.
NOTE Trace heating systems intended for use in explosive atmospheres are the subject of IEC/IEEE 60079-30-1 [3] and IEC/IEEE 60079-30-2 [4].

The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for magnetron-based inland waterways navigational radars having the following characteristics:
• Transmitter peak power not exceeding 10 kW.
• Operating on a pulse modulated single, non-tuneable carrier frequency in the range specified in Table 1.
• At the transmitter output, a 4 port RF-circulator or equivalent is used.
• The antenna is passive, rotating and waveguide based.
• The radar display is an integral part of the equipment.

This document specifies procedures for the detection of a DNA sequence of a construct used to (genetically) enhance the growth of fish commonly found in aquaculture. The genetically modified AquAdvantage Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) carries the construct expressing CS-GHc2 growth hormone and can be detected based on a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting either the border between the growth hormone coding sequence (CS-GHc2) of Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Chinook salmon) and the antifreeze terminator (T-AFP) of (Macro-) Zoarces americanus (ocean pout), i.e. with the construct-specific method, or the border between the Atlantic salmon genomic DNA and the antifreeze promoter (P-AFP) of ocean pout, i.e. with the event-specific method. These methods can be applied to identify the genetically modified (GM) fish or for screening purposes.
This document is applicable for the analysis of DNA extracted from foodstuffs. It can also be suitable for the analysis of DNA extracted from other products such as feedstuffs. The application of these methods requires the extraction of an adequate amount of amplifiable DNA from the relevant matrix.

This document specifies the performance and the functional characteristics of the low voltage static uninterruptible power supply (SUPS) systems in a nuclear power plant (NPP) and, when applicable, in nuclear facilities in general. An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is an electrical equipment which draws electrical energy from a source, stores it, and maintains the supply in a specified form by means inside the equipment to output terminals. A SUPS has no rotating parts to perform its functions.
The specific design requirements for the components of the power supply system are covered by IEC standards and other standards listed in the normative references. Otherwise, specific component-level design requirements are outside the scope of this document.

IEC 60695-2-10:2026 specifies the glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure to simulate the effects of thermal stresses which may be produced by heat sources such as glowing elements or overloaded resistors, for short periods, in order to assess the fire hazard by a simulation technique. The test procedure described in this document is a common test procedure intended for the small-scale tests in which a standardized electrically heated wire is used as a source of ignition. It is a common part of the test procedures applied to end products and to solid electrical insulating materials or other solid combustible materials. A detailed description of each particular test procedure is given in IEC 60695-2-11, IEC 60695-2-12 and IEC 60695-2-13.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2021. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) revision of 4.3 to add reference to new Annex D;
b) addition of new normative Annex D on "Use of pyrometer for glow-wire test";
c) revision of Clause 3 references to align with ISO 13943:2017.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104. This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60695-2-11, IEC 60695-2-12, and IEC 60695-2-13.

IEC 60947-10:2026 applies to semiconductor circuit-breakers with a rated voltage up to 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC, intended to be installed and operated by instructed or skilled persons. This document covers the following different types: - semiconductor circuit-breakers (SCCBs) having semiconductor switching elements and, for isolation function, mechanical isolation contacts connected in series; - semiconductor hybrid circuit-breakers (SCHCBs) having semiconductor switching elements and mechanical switching elements in parallel and in addition, for isolation function, mechanical isolation contacts connected in series. In this document, where the term "circuit-breaker" only is used, it applies to both types. This document applies regardless of the rated currents, the method of construction or the proposed applications of the circuit-breakers. The object of this document is to state: a) the characteristics of circuit-breakers; b) the conditions with which circuit-breakers shall comply with reference to: 1) operation and behaviour in normal service; 2) operation and behaviour under specific abnormal circuit conditions (e.g. overload or short-circuit); 3) dielectric properties; 4) requirements on electromagnetic compatibility; c) tests intended for confirming that these conditions have been met and the methods to be adopted for these tests; d) information to be marked on or given with the circuit-breakers.

IEC 63230:2026 applies to runners of reaction turbines, regardless of their size and capacity. These can include radial turbines such as Francis turbines, axial turbines such as Kaplan and propeller turbines, as well as diagonal turbines, in all possible configurations. In the case of turbine runners with adjustable blades, the internal mechanical components of the blades' adjustment mechanism are excluded from this document. Pelton turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines are not covered in this first edition, even though several topics are applicable to these types of hydraulic machines. Specificities and applicability to Pelton turbine and pump-turbines will be discussed in a later revision of the standard This document outlines the methodologies for conducting a fatigue assessment of turbine runners. It encompasses several key aspects, such as defining the load events to be considered during the assessment, determining stresses for each of these load events, as well as the detailed approaches for assessing fatigue of new and existing runners. Additionally, it includes manufacturing and quality assurance requirements to be complied with to achieve the desired material fatigue properties and effectively apply the proposed fatigue assessment methodologies. This document also contains best practices for performing and analysing on-site strain gauge measurements performed on existing runners to evaluate their fatigue life. The purpose of this document is to provide guidelines to assess fatigue in new and existing turbine runners. It does not specify if a fatigue assessment should be performed or not for a given runner. However, Annex B provides guidance to evaluate the necessity of realizing a fatigue assessment or not for a given new runner. The methods described in this document can also be used for remaining life assessments of in-service runners

IEC 60310:2026 specifies the terms and definitions, classification, service conditions, characteristics and test methods for transformers and inductors on board rolling stock. This document is applicable to traction and auxiliary power transformers installed on board rolling stock and to the various types of power inductors inserted in the traction and auxiliary circuits of rolling stock, of dry or liquid-immersed design. This document is also applicable to the traction transformers of three-phase AC line-side powered vehicles and to the transformers inserted in the single-phase or polyphase auxiliary circuits of vehicles, after agreement between purchaser and manufacturer. This document does not apply to instrument transformers, transformers of a rated output below 1 kVA single-phase or 5 kVA poly-phase, and inductors of a rated output below 1 kVAR single-phase or 5 kVAR poly-phase on board rolling stock. This document does not cover accessories such as tap changers, resistors, heat exchangers, fans, etc., intended for mounting on transformers or inductors, which are tested separately according to the relevant rules. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) typical circuits for transformer and inductors are added; b) letter symbols for cooling methods are added; c) dielectric test table is modified; d) subclauses for the tests of transformers and inductors are restructured; e) temperature test for dry type transformer and dry type inductors are separated in different subclauses; f) requirements for shock and vibration tests are updated according to IEC 61373:20.

IEC 61643-361:2026 applies to surge isolation transformers (SITs) dedicated to surge mitigation and for connection to 50/60 Hz power circuits and equipment rated up to 1 000 V RMS. This document covers the surge and mitigation performance of SITs with an impulse withstand voltage performance of at least 30 kV, and provides standard methods for testing and rating. This document covers surge-related parameters but does not address typical transformer tests and parameters covered by the IEC 61558 series [13][1]. This document also does not cover SIT operation under differential mode lightning surge conditions. [1] Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.

See the scope of IEC 61225:2025. Adoption is to be implemented without modification.

IEC 60794-1-125:2026 specifies the ripcord functional test procedure used to measure the functionality of the cable ripcord. This first edition cancels and replaces cancels and replaces Method E25 of the first edition of the IEC 60794-1-21:2015.

IEC 60695-2-10:2026 specifies the glow-wire apparatus and common test procedure to simulate the effects of thermal stresses which may be produced by heat sources such as glowing elements or overloaded resistors, for short periods, in order to assess the fire hazard by a simulation technique. The test procedure described in this document is a common test procedure intended for the small-scale tests in which a standardized electrically heated wire is used as a source of ignition. It is a common part of the test procedures applied to end products and to solid electrical insulating materials or other solid combustible materials. A detailed description of each particular test procedure is given in IEC 60695-2-11, IEC 60695-2-12 and IEC 60695-2-13. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2021. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) revision of 4.3 to add reference to new Annex D; b) addition of new normative Annex D on "Use of pyrometer for glow-wire test"; c) revision of Clause 3 references to align with ISO 13943:2017. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104. This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60695-2-11, IEC 60695-2-12, and IEC 60695-2-13.

IEC 63522-41:2026 provides guidelines for the insulation coordination of electromechanical elementary, solid state, time, forcibility guided and reed relays as well reed contacts and hybrid switching solutions. This document can also be used for similar devices when specified in a detail specification.

1.1   General Scope of the Standard
The main objective of the present standard is to present the Reference Data Model for Public Transport, based on:
-   the Reference Data Model, EN12896, known as Transmodel V5.1,
-   CEN EN 28701, known as IFOPT,
incorporating the requirements  of
-   EN 15531-1 to -3 and TS 15531-4 and -5: Service interface for real-time information relating to public transport operations (SIRI),
-   TS 16614-1 and 2: Network and Timetable Exchange (NeTEx), in particular,  the specific needs for long distance train operation.
A particular attention is drawn to the data model structure and methodology:
-   the data model is described in a modular form in order to facilitate the understanding and the use of the model,
-   the data model is entirely described in UML.
In particular, a Reference Data Model kernel is described, referring to the data domain:
-   Network Description: routes, lines, journey patterns, timing patterns, service patterns, scheduled stop points and stop places.
This part corresponds to the Transmodel V5.1 Network Description extended by the IFOPT relevant parts.
Furthermore, the following functional domains are considered:
-   Timing Information and Vehicle Scheduling  (runtimes, vehicle journeys, day type-related vehicle schedules)  
-   Passenger Information (planned and real-time)
-   Fare Management (fare structure, sales, validation, control)
-   Operations Monitoring and Control: operating day-related data, vehicle follow-up , control actions
-   Management Information and Statistics (including data dedicated to service performance indicators).
-   Driver Management:
-   Driver Scheduling (day-type related driver schedules),
-   Rostering (ordering of driver duties into sequences according to some chosen methods),
-   Driving Personnel Disposition (assignment of logical drivers to physical drivers and recording of driver performance).  
The data modules dedicated to cover most functions of the above domains will be specified.
Several concepts are shared by the different functional domains. This data domain is called “Common Concepts”.
1.2   Functional Domain Description
The different functional domains taken into account in the present standard and of which the data have been represented as the reference data model are described in “Public Transport Reference Data Model - Part 1: Common Concepts”.
They are:
-   Public Transport Network and Stop Description
-   Timing Information and Vehicle scheduling
-   Passenger information
-   Fare Management
-   Operations monitoring and control
-   Management information
-   Personnel Management: Driver Scheduling, Rostering, Personnel Disposition.
The aspects of multi-modal operation and multiple operators’ environment are also taken into account.
1.3   Particular Scope of this Document
The present European Standard entitled “Reference Data Model for Public Transport – Part 3: Timing Information and Vehicle Scheduling”. incorporates
-   Journey and Journey Times Model: describes the time-related information at the level of vehicle journeys, i.e. planned timing for the vehicles at day-type level.
-   Dated Journey Model: describes the link of the timing information for a single operating day and the day type related timing,
-   Passing Times Model: describes all the different types of passing times for the day type related information,
-   Vehicle Service Model: describes the information related the work of vehicles as planned for days types. It constitutes the main part of the Vehicle Scheduling Data Domain.
-   Vehicle Journey Assignment Model: describes operational assignments (advertised vehicle labels, stopping positions) related to particular vehicle journeys.
This document itself is composed of the following parts:
-   Main document (normative) representing the data model,
(...)

This document specifies a method for the determination of the composition of feather and/or down fit for or constituting filled manufactured articles in order to label and/or mark it or to verify the denominations reported on the label.

This document specifies a general audit and quality system requirements for the production, which is a common part for every manufacturer of every kind of supplementary grip device (SGD).

The document incorporates the following main data packages:
-   Trip Description;
-   Passenger Information Queries.
It is composed of the following parts:
-   main document representing the data model for the concepts shared by the different fare domains covered by Transmodel (normative);
-   Annex A, containing the data dictionary and attribute tables, i.e. the list of all the concepts presented in the main document together with the definitions (normative);
-   Annex B presenting the model evolution (informative).
-   Annex C, providing details of the significant technical changes between this document and EN 12896 6:2019 (informative).

This document incorporates the following main data packages:
-   Dated Production Components;
-   Call;
-   Dated Call;
-   Production Plan;
-   Detecting & Monitoring;
-   Situation;
-   Messaging;
-   Control Action;
-   Operational Event & Incident;
-   Facility Monitoring & Availability;
-   Occupancy.
It is composed of the following parts:
-   main document representing the data model for the concepts shared by the different domains covered by Transmodel (normative);
-   Annex A containing the data dictionary and attribute tables, i.e. the list of all the concepts presented in the main document together with their definitions (normative);
-   Annex B presenting the model evolution (informative);
-   Annex C detailing the mapping to DATEX-II and SIRI (informative).
-   Annex D, providing details of the significant technical changes between this document and EN 12896 4:2019 (informative).

This document provides requirements and recommendations for the design of field studies with soil invertebrates (e.g. for the monitoring of the quality of a soil as a habitat for organisms). It applies to all terrestrial biotopes inhabited by soil invertebrates, although this information can vary according to the national requirements or the climatic and regional conditions of the site to be sampled.
NOTE            While this document aims to be applicable globally, the existing information refers mostly to temperate regions. However, the (few) studies from other (tropical and boreal) regions, as well as theoretical considerations, allow the conclusion that the principles laid down in this document are generally valid.[1]],[[11]],[[12]],[[13]

This document entitled “Public transport – Reference data model – Part 5: Fare Management” is composed of the following data packages:
⎯ Fare Structure;
⎯ Access Right Assignment;
⎯ Fare Pricing;
⎯ Sales Description;
⎯ Sales Transaction;
⎯ Fare Roles;
⎯ Validation and Control;
⎯ Explicit Frames for Fares.
This document itself is composed of the following parts:
⎯ Main document representing the data model for the concepts shared by the different domains covered by Transmodel (normative);
⎯ Annex A, containing the data dictionary and attribute tables, i.e., the list of all the concepts presented in the main document together with the definitions (normative);
⎯ Annex B, presenting the model evolution (informative).
⎯ Annex C, providing details of the significant technical changes between this document and EN 12896-5:2019 (informative)

This document incorporates the following main data packages:
-   Network Description;
-   Fixed Object;
-   Tactical Planning Components;
-   Explicit Frame.
It is composed of the following parts:
-   main document representing the data model for the concepts shared by the different domains covered by Transmodel (normative);
-   Annex A containing the data dictionary and attribute tables, i.e. the list of all the concepts presented in the main document together with their definitions (normative);
-   Annex B presenting the model evolution (informative).
-   Annex C, providing details of the significant technical changes between this document and EN 12896-2:2016 (informative).

This document provides an overview of the standardization deliverables published and under development under the responsibility of CEN/TC 107. It defines the temperature ranges applicable to the intended use of these documents and establishes a classification system linking each document to its corresponding temperature range. Furthermore, it describes how estimation of service life of pipe systems is conducted based on the average operating temperature within service pipes, taking into account additional influencing conditions.

This document specifies a method for sampling and handling earthworms from field soils as a prerequisite for using these animals as bioindicators (e.g. to assess the quality of a soil as a habitat for organisms).
This document is applicable to all terrestrial biotopes in which earthworms occur. This document does not apply to semi-terrestrial soils (i.e. soils that are partly aquatic, such as bogs, beaches, marshes, stream margins) and it can be difficult to use under extreme climatic or geographical conditions (e.g. in high mountains). Methods for other soil organism groups, such as micro-arthropods and enchytraeids (mesofauna), are covered in other parts of the ISO 23611 series.

IEC TS 63537:2026 addresses the requirements for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation test of power system stability control system (see definition in 3.1.2). Its purpose is to provide guidelines encompassing the use of terms and definitions, as well as the objective and general requirements for HIL simulation test. The TS covers the test requirements, test system, test contents, and test quality management. This document improves the safe and stable operation of the power system.

IEC 60940:2026 establishes general rules and safety requirements on the application of capacitors, resistors, inductors, and complete filter units for electromagnetic interference suppression which will be connected to an AC mains or other supply (DC or AC) with a nominal voltage not exceeding 1 000 V AC having a nominal frequency not exceeding 400 Hz, or 1 500 V DC.
It facilitates drafters of product safety standards and other stakeholders such as designers, manufacturers, service providers, policy makers and regulators to consider safety aspects for the intended use and the reasonably foreseeable misuse of these components in its products and systems and apply risk reduction measures to achieve a tolerable risk level.
This third edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) new title to change the document from “guidance” into “general rules and safety requirements;
b) new content added (Clause 5 to Clause 9);
c) the previous edition is partly contained in Clause 4.

ISO/IEC 14543-4-303:2026 specifies an application-layer protocol important for ensuring interoperability among the products of various manufacturers regarding communications between electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) chargers and controllers. It uses the network enhanced communications device (NECD) protocol specified in ISO/IEC 14543-4-3. This protocol is based on UDP using IPv4 or IPv6 (TCP is optional).

ISO/IEC 14543-4-304:2026 specifies an application-layer protocol important for ensuring interoperability among the products of various manufacturers regarding communications between electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) charger and dischargers and controllers. It uses the network enhanced communications device (NECD) protocol specified in ISO/IEC 14543-4-3. This protocol is based on UDP using IPv4 or IPv6 (TCP is optional).

IEC TS 63346-2-1:2026 establishes the general principles for the design of low-voltage auxiliary power systems (APS) with nominal voltages below or equal to 1 kV AC and 1,5 kV DC, and nominal frequency up to and including 60 Hz, so as to provide safe and correct operation for the intended use.
This document applies to the design of low-voltage auxiliary systems for
- substations, which are part of an electrical system, confined to a given area, mainly including ends of transmission or distribution lines, electrical switchgear and controlgear, buildings and transformers,
- converter stations,
- hydropower stations, where the gravitational energy of water is converted into electricity, and
- thermal power stations, where the thermal energy is obtained by burning fossil fuels.

IEC/IEEE 60802:2026 defines time-sensitive networking profiles for industrial automation. The profiles select features, options, configurations, defaults, protocols, and procedures of bridges, end stations, and LANs to build industrial automation networks. This document also specifies YANG modules defining read-only information available online and offline as a digital data sheet. This document also specifies YANG modules for remote procedure calls and actions to address requirements arising from industrial automation networks.

IEC 60079-10-2 is concerned with the identification and classification of areas where explosive dust atmospheres and combustible dust layers are present in order to permit the proper assessment of ignition sources in such areas. In this document, explosive dust atmospheres and combustible dust layers are treated separately. In Clause 4, area classification for explosive dust clouds is described, with dust layers acting as one of the possible sources of release. In Clause 7, other general considerations for dust layers are described. The examples in this document are based on a system of effective housekeeping being implemented in the plant to prevent dust layers from accumulating. Where effective housekeeping is not present, the area classification includes the possible formation of explosive dust clouds from dust layers. The principles of this document can also be followed when combustible fibres or flyings might cause a hazard.
Atmospheric conditions include variations in pressure and temperature above and below reference levels of 101,3 kPa (1 013 mbar) and 20 °C (293 K), provided that the variations have a negligible effect on the explosive properties of the combustible material. For air with normal oxygen content, typically a volume fraction of 21 % is assumed.
It does not apply to:
a) underground mining areas;
b) dusts of explosives that do not require atmospheric oxygen for combustion such as pyrophoric substances, propellants, pyrotechnics, munitions, peroxides, oxidizers, water‑reactive elements or compounds, or other similar materials;
c) catastrophic failures or rare malfunctions which are outside the conditions dealt with in this document;
d) rooms used for medical purposes;
e) domestic premises;
f) where a hazard is due to the presence of flammable gas or vapour, but the principles can be used in the assessment of a hybrid mixture (see also IEC 60079-10-1).
This document does not consider the effects of consequential damage following a fire or an explosion. Please refer to the foreword of the document for a detailed listing of the significant technical changes from the previous edition.

IEC TS 63427:2026 provides principles and technical requirements for the adjustment potential of demand side resources in demand side management. Demand side resources include dispatchable loads, electrical energy storage, grid-connected microgrids, and distributed energy resources, which are connected to power distribution systems and capable of adjusting their operating state and exchanging information with grid control systems. It includes the DSR characteristics, system requirements, data preparation and evaluation process.
The adjustments of demand side resources can be subject to relevant local regulations or specifications. Electricity market mechanisms, user behaviour and data privacy are excluded from the scope of this document.

IEC TS 62607-6-24:2026 which is a Technical Specification, establishes a standardized method to determine the key control characteristic (KCC)
• number of layer distribution
for CVD graphene film by
• optical contrast measurement
The number of layers and number of layer distribution of CVD graphene film is derived by G‑channel contrast values.
This method is applicable for clean CVD graphene film without twisted multilayer structures on a SiO2/Si substrate.

This document provides a self-assessment of an organization’s human-centred design principles, processes, and activities throughout the life cycle of computer-based interactive systems. It also provides an overview of information given in the ISO 9241-200 series of standards. It is intended to be used as an introduction and self-assessment guide to human-centred design (HCD). Its target audience is personnel responsible for and managing design processes, and it is concerned with ways in which both hardware and software components of interactive systems can enhance human–system interaction. This document does not provide detailed coverage of the methods and techniques required for human-centred design, nor does it address health or safety aspects in detail. Although it addresses the planning and management of human-centred design, it does not address all aspects of project management. NOTE Detailed human factors, ergonomics, usability and accessibility issues are dealt with more fully in a number of standards including other parts of ISO 9241 and ISO 6385, which sets out the broad principles of ergonomics.

This document specifies a subset of the syntax specified in Rec. ITU-T T.840.1 | ISO/IEC 6048-1 via one Main stream profile and three decoder tool subsets as three decoder profiles. It also defines higher bounds on tile and picture sizes via levels of a decoder profile that a conforming decoder implementation shall support, and specifies profiles, each being tailored to certain application domains, and defines the levels of the profiles.

This document specifies the syntax, semantics, and decoding for visual volumetric media using video‑based coding methods. Furthermore, this document specifies processes that can be needed for reconstruction of visual volumetric media, and can also include additional processes such as post‑decoding, pre-reconstruction, post‑reconstruction, and adaptation.

This document is applicable to whole body vibration as a significant hazard. It also specifies the methods for determining the vibration emission transmitted to the whole body of drivers standing or seated on freely moveable ground support equipment (GSE) when driving, for purposes of type evaluation and declaration. This document also specifies methods for verifying vibration emission. This document is applicable to self-powered GSE only. The test results do not apply to the determination of whole body vibration exposure of persons. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with the different parts of the EN 1915 series and the EN 12312 series. This document does not apply to GSE manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the periodic inspection and testing of permanently mounted tubes of: composite with seamless metallic liners; composite with non-load-sharing liners; seamless steel; in battery vehicles and multiple element gas containers (MEGCs) including frames and associated equipment (these components are also inspected); and large tubes of: composite with seamless metallic liners; composite with non-load-sharing liners; in modules including frames and associated equipment (these components are also inspected).

This document specifies the presentation of lexicographic entries in general language dictionaries, whether monolingual, bilingual or multilingual, following a lexicographic lemma-oriented approach, and intended for human end-users. Concerning the modelling of the underlying data, this document follows the ISO 24613 series. The document provides recommendations for addressing the heterogeneous structures of data presentation in lexicographic entries, both in printed and digital dictionaries. This document also establishes core concepts related to the broader scope of lexicographic work.

This document specifies the requirements for dehydrated tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus Linnaeus) (methylchavicol type; also called “estragole -type tarragon”) in the form of whole or cut leaves and powder. It does not apply to the elemicin-sabinene-type tarragon. Recommendations relating to storage and transport conditions are given in Annex A.

This document provides guidance on applying the set of user accessibility needs (UANs) to the procurement, development and evaluation of ICT products and services. This includes guidance on documenting the application of user accessibility needs. Applying user accessibility needs helps improve accessibility for all users and in particular for users with special needs that might otherwise be overlooked.

This document establishes concepts for understanding and improving systems resilience. Systems resilience addresses the capabilities of systems under adversity. This document is applicable to human-created systems that can be either physical or conceptual, or a combination of both. It applies to systems as defined in ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288, including services and products. It is not intended to apply to naturally occurring systems.

This document concerns human exposure to whole-body vibration and shock in buildings with respect to the comfort and annoyance of the occupants based on both measurements and simulations. It specifies a method for measurement and evaluation, comprising the determination of the measurement direction and measurement location. It defines the frequency weighting, Wm, which is applicable in the frequency range 1 Hz to 80 Hz where the posture of an occupant does not need to be defined, see Annex A. NOTE 1 The frequency weightings given in ISO 2631-1 can be used if the posture of the occupant is defined. Whilst it is often the case that a building will be available for experimental investigation, many of the concepts contained within this document would apply equally to a building in the design process or where it will not be possible to gain access to an existing building. In these cases, reliance will have to be placed on the prediction of the building response by some means. This document does not provide guidance on the likelihood of structural damage, which is discussed in ISO 4866. Further, it is not applicable to the evaluation of effects on human health and safety. Acceptable magnitudes of vibration are not stated in this document, but guidance is provided in Annex C in the form of exposure-response curves for the estimation of annoyance when vibration originates from various sources, including railway, construction activities and blasting. NOTE 2 The exposure-response curves are based on the most recent evidence which suggests that human response to vibration in buildings is dependent on the magnitude, frequency, duration and temporal characteristics of the vibration[4]. In addition, it is known that other factors not directly related to the vibration characteristics have a significant influence on the annoyance response. These are identified in Annex B and include consideration of some parallel effects, subjective impressions and socio-demographic factors which need to be accounted for when collecting vibration data. NOTE 3 Several national standards have been proposed to define methods for assessing exposure to vibration in buildings as well as reference values for judging the annoyance resulting from exposure. These standards generally present significant differences in terms of metrics and methods used to quantify exposure as well as on the guideline values to prevent adverse effects. Some standards define limit values that are based on experimental field data leading to exposure-response relationships such as those proposed in Annex C. Other standards base their limit values on estimations that take into account vibration perception thresholds and situational factors. Some standards also consider the magnitude of vibration that can present a risk of damage to the buildings, particularly when blasting is involved.

RTBR/SMG-0019R1

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-1

The present document specifies technical requirements, limits and test methods for Short Range Devices in the non-
specific category operating in the frequency range 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz.
The non specific SRD category is defined by the EU Commission Decision 2019/1345/EU [i.3] as:
"The non-specific short-range device category covers all kinds of radio devices, regardless of the application or the
purpose, which fulfil the technical conditions as specified for a given frequency band. Typical uses include telemetry,
telecommand, alarms, data transmissions in general and other applications".
These radio equipment types are capable of transmitting up to 500 mW effective radiated power and operating indoor or
outdoor.
NOTE: The relationship between the present document and the essential requirements of article 3.2 of
Directive 2014/53/EU [i.2] is given in Annex A

DEN/ERM-TG28-561

REN/MSG-TFES-15-3

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The force required to separate a metallic coating from its plastic substrate is determined by the interaction of several factors: the generic type and quality of the plastic molding compound, the molding process, the process used to prepare the substrate for electroplating, and the thickness and mechanical properties of the metallic coating. By holding all others constant, the effect on the peel strength by a change in any one of the above listed factors may be noted. Routine use of the test in a production operation can detect changes in any of the above listed factors.  
4.2 The peel test values do not directly correlate to the adhesion of metallic coatings on the actual product.  
4.3 When the peel test is used to monitor the coating process, a large number of plaques should be molded at one time from a same batch of molding compound used in the production moldings to minimize the effects on the measurements of variations in the plastic and the molding process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method gives two procedures for measuring the force required to peel a metallic coating from a plastic substrate.2 One procedure (Procedure A) utilizes a universal testing machine and yields reproducible measurements that can be used in research and development, in quality control and product acceptance, in the description of material and process characteristics, and in communications. The other procedure (Procedure B) utilizes an indicating force instrument that is less accurate and that is sensitive to operator technique. It is suitable for process control use.  
1.2 The tests are performed on standard molded plaques. This method does not cover the testing of production electroplated parts.  
1.3 The tests do not necessarily measure the adhesion of a metallic coating to a plastic substrate because in properly prepared test specimens, separation usually occurs in the plastic just beneath the coating-substrate interface rather than at the interface. It does, however, reflect the degree that the process is controlled.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers unreinforced vulcanized rubber sheets made from ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) or butyl (IIR), intended for use in preventing water under hydrostatic pressure from entering a structure. The tests and property limits used to characterize these sheets are specific for each classification and are minimum values to make the product fit for its intended purpose. Types used to identify the principal polymer component of the sheet include: type I - ethylene propylene diene terpolymer, and type II - butyl. The sheet shall be formulated from the appropriate polymers and other compounding ingredients. The thickness, tensile strength, elongation, tensile set, tear resistance, brittleness temperature, and linear dimensional change shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The water absorption, factory seam strength, water vapour permeance, hardness durometer, resistance to soil burial, resistance to heat aging, and resistance to puncture shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers unreinforced vulcanized rubber sheets made from ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) or butyl (IIR), intended for use in preventing water under hydrostatic pressure from entering a structure.  
1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize these sheets are specific for each classification and are minimum values to make the product fit for its intended purpose.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the physical requirements and testing of three types of lap cement for use with asphalt roll roofing. Type I is a brushing consistency lap cement intended for use in the exposed-nailing method of roll roofing application, and contains no mineral or other stabilizers. This type is further divided into two grades, as follows: Grade 1, which is made with an air-blown asphalt; and Grade 2, which is made with a vacuum-reduced or steam-refined asphalt. Both Types II and III, on the other hand, are heavy brushing or light troweling consistency lap cement intended for use in the concealed-nailing method of roll roofing application, only that Type II cement contains a quantity of short-fibered asbestos, while Type III cement contains a quantity of mineral or other stabilizers, or both, but contains no asbestos. The lap cements shall be sampled for testing, and shall adhere to specified values of the following properties: water content; distillation (total distillate at given temperatures); softening point of residue; solubility in trichloroethylene; and strength at indicated age.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lap cement consisting of asphalt dissolved in a volatile petroleum solvent with or without mineral or other stabilizers, or both, for use with roll roofing. The fibered version of these cements excludes the use of asbestos fibers.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat applies only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The edgewise compressive strength of short sandwich construction specimens provides a basis for judging the load-carrying capacity of the construction in terms of developed facing stress.  
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of obtaining sandwich edgewise compressive strengths for panel design properties, material specifications, research and development applications, and quality assurance.  
5.3 The reporting section requires items that tend to influence edgewise compressive strength to be reported; these include materials, fabrication method, facesheet lay-up orientation (if composite), core orientation, results of any nondestructive inspections, specimen preparation, test equipment details, specimen dimensions and associated measurement accuracy, environmental conditions, speed of testing, failure mode, and failure location.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the compressive properties of structural sandwich construction in a direction parallel to the sandwich facing plane. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb).  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems. The chemical composition of coal tar roof cement shall conform to the requirements prescribed. The water, non-volatile matter, insoluble matter, behaviour at 60 deg. C, adhesion to wet surfaces, and flash point shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is useful as a screening basis for acceptance or rejection of transparencies during manufacturing so that units with identifiable flaws will not be carried to final inspection for rejection at that time.  
4.2 This practice may also be employed as a go-no go technique for acceptance or rejection of the finished product.  
4.3 This practice is simple, inexpensive, and effective. Flaws identified by this practice, as with other optical methods, are limited to those that produce temperature gradients when electrically powered. Any other type of flaw, such as minor scratches parallel to the direction of electrical flow, are not detectable.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a standard procedure for detecting flaws in the conductive coating (heater element) by the observation of polarized light patterns.  
1.2 This practice applies to coatings on surfaces of monolithic transparencies as well as to coatings imbedded in laminated structures.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].  
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.  
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm2/s [cSt].
Note 2: Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior ...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers emulsified asphalt suitable for use as a protective coating for built-up roofs and other exposed surfaces with specified inclines. The emulsified asphalts are grouped into three types, as follows: Type I, which contains fillers or fibers including asbestos; Type II, which contains fillers or fibers other than asbestos; and Type III, which do not contain any form of fibrous reinforcement. These types are further subdivided into two classes, as follows: Class 1, which is prepared with mineral colloid emulsifying agents; and Class 2, which is prepared with chemical emulsifying agents. Other than consistency and homogeneity of the final products, they shall also conform to specified physical property requirements such as weight, residue by evaporation, ash content of residue, water content flammability, firm set, flexibility, resistance to water, and behavior during heat and direct flame tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers emulsified asphalt suitable for use as a protective coating for built-up roofs and other exposed surfaces with inclines of not less than 4 % or 42 mm/m [1/2 in./ft].  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Coefficients of linear thermal expansion are used, for example, for design purposes and to determine if failure by thermal stress may occur when a solid body composed of two different materials is subjected to temperature variations.  
5.2 This test method is comparable to Test Method D3386 for testing electrical insulation materials, but it covers a more general group of solid materials and it defines test conditions more specifically. This test method uses a smaller specimen and substantially different apparatus than Test Methods E228 and D696.  
5.3 This test method may be used in research, specification acceptance, regulatory compliance, and quality assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the technical coefficient of linear thermal expansion of solid materials using thermomechanical analysis techniques.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to solid materials that exhibit sufficient rigidity over the test temperature range such that the sensing probe does not produce indentation of the specimen.  
1.3 The recommended lower limit of coefficient of linear thermal expansion measured with this test method is 5 μm/(m·°C). The test method may be used at lower (or negative) expansion levels with decreased accuracy and precision (see Section 12).  
1.4 This test method is applicable to the temperature range from −120 °C to 900 °C. The temperature range may be extended depending upon the instrumentation and calibration materials used.  
1.5 SI units are the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Often the most critical stress to which a sandwich panel core is subjected is shear. The effect of repeated shear stresses on the core material can be very important, particularly in terms of durability under various environmental conditions.  
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of obtaining the sandwich core shear fatigue response. Uses include screening candidate core materials for a specific application, developing a design-specific core shear cyclic stress limit, and core material research and development.
Note 3: This test method may be used as a guide to conduct spectrum loading. This information can be useful in the understanding of fatigue behavior of core under spectrum loading conditions, but is not covered in this standard.  
5.3 Factors that influence core fatigue response and shall therefore be reported include the following: core material, core geometry (density, cell size, orientation, etc.), specimen geometry and associated measurement accuracy, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment, loading procedure, loading frequency, force (stress) ratio and speed of testing (for residual strength tests).
Note 4: If a sandwich panel is tested using the guidance of this standard, the following may also influence the fatigue response and should be reported: facing material, adhesive material, methods of material fabrication, adhesive thickness and adhesive void content. Further, core-to-facing strength may be different between precured/bonded and co-cured facings in sandwich panels with the same core and facing materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the effect of repeated shear forces on core material used in sandwich panels. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb).  
1.2 This test method is limited to test specimens subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either shear stress or applied force may be used as a constant amplitude fatigue variable.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

RTS/TSGC-0329521vh50

RTS/TSGC-0329523vh70

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-2

RTS/LI-00190-2

RTS/TSGR-0537571-4vf40