Latest Standards, Engineering Specifications, Manuals and Technical Publications

This document specifies the minimum requirements for environmental testing of electronic and electrical components identified as safety-related parts of the control system (SRP/CS) used on earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165:2022. To cover all the relevant safety requirements for the products in its scope, this document is used in combination with ISO 19014-1:2026, ISO 19014-2:2026, ISO 19014-4:2026, and ISO 19014-5:2026. This document does not address explosion proofing. NOTE National or regional requirements can apply. For information about explosion proofing, see the IEC 60079 series.

This document specifies general principles for the development and evaluation of the machine performance level achieved (MPLa) of safety-control systems (SCS) using components powered by all energy sources (e.g. electrical, hydraulic, mechanical) used in earth-moving machinery and its equipment, as defined in ISO 6165:2022. The principles of this document apply to machine control systems (MCS) that control machine motion or mitigate a hazard; such systems are assessed for machine performance level required (MPLr) per ISO 19014-1:20261) or ISO 19014-5:2026.2) NOTE 1 Requirements for the application of functional safety throughout the software development lifecycle are addressed in ISO 19014-4:2026.3) To cover all the relevant safety requirements for the products in its scope, this document is used in combination with ISO 19014-1:2026, ISO 19014-3:2026, ISO 19014-4:2026, and ISO 19014-5:2026. This document does not apply to the following systems: awareness systems that do not impact machine motion (e.g. cameras and radar detectors); fire suppression systems, unless the activation of the system interferes with, or activates, another SCS. This document does not apply to other systems or components where the operator would be aware of failure (e.g. windscreen wipers, head lights), or are primarily used to protect property. NOTE 2 Audible warnings are excluded from the requirements of diagnostic coverage. This document addresses the significant hazards, as defined in ISO 12100:2010, mitigated by the hardware components within the SCS. This document is not applicable to earth-moving machinery manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document provides telehealth cybersecurity controls of the overall security framework for systems and services applied to telehealth, specifically addressing cybersecurity controls uniquely applicable to telehealth, while general elements relevant to health delivery organizations (HDOs) can be referenced from ISO 27799. It also includes Annex A, which, for informative purposes, provides a mapping of the controls in 4.2 to 4.5 of this document to the security controls in ISO 27799:2025.

This document specifies general principles for software development and signal transmission requirements of safety-related parts of machine-control systems (MCS) in earth-moving machinery and its equipment, as defined in ISO 6165:2022. In addition, this document addresses the significant hazards as defined in ISO 12100:2010 related to the software embedded within the MCS. The significant hazards being addressed include incorrect machine control system output responses from machine control system inputs. To cover all the relevant safety requirements for the products in its scope, this document is used in combination with ISO 19014-1:2026, ISO 19014-2:2026, ISO 19014-3:2026, and ISO 19014-5:2026. Cybersecurity is out of the scope of this document. NOTE For guidance on cybersecurity, see an appropriate security standard. This document is not applicable to earth-moving machinery manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document specifies a laboratory test method for the determination of the aerobic biodegradability of textile materials in seawater by measuring the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) or the amount of evolved carbon dioxide. This method involves a test under an aerobic condition, which is intended to replicate the sea surface area conditions. It applies to textile materials, such as staple fibres, tops, yarns and fabrics. This test method is not intended for evaluating anaerobic biodegradation of textile materials, as simulating deep sea environments is out of the scope of this document.

This document establishes the requirements for technical reviews and audits to be performed throughout the acquisition life cycle for the US Department of Defense (DoD) and other defense agencies. This document provides the definition, description, and intent, as well as the entry, exit and success criteria, for each technical review and audit. It is to be used to establish agreement between acquirers and suppliers on the technical reviews and audits that are needed for the project, as well as the focus and expectations of each technical review and audit.

This document specifies machine performance levels required (MPLr) by common function and type for earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165:2022. These MPLr can then be mapped or applied to safety control systems (SCS) used to control or that affect the functions defined in Tables A.1 to AA.1. To cover all the relevant safety requirements for the products in its scope, this document is used in combination with ISO 19014-1:2026, ISO 19014-2:2026, ISO 19014-3:2026, and ISO 19014-4:2026. This document is not applicable to earth-moving machinery manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document specifies a rapid method for the determination of the oil and water contents in oilseeds using pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
It is applicable to rapeseeds, linseeds and sunflower seeds with a water content less than 10 % and soya beans with a water content less than 14 %. For seeds with higher water contents, drying is necessary before the water and oil content can be determined by pulsed NMR.
NOTE 1        This method has been tested with rapeseeds, soya beans, linseeds and sunflower seeds. This does not, however, preclude its applicability to other commercial seeds whose oil is liquid at the temperature of measurement.
NOTE 2        The reproducibility values obtained are generally higher than those obtained by the reference methods (see ISO 659 and ISO 665) because they depend on the variability between the instruments and on that existing between the calibrations, which depends on the measurement accuracy of the reference methods.
NOTE 3        The results of the comparison test between different magnets and different volumes of seed samples (see Annex B) are in coherence with the results of the interlaboratory test (see Annex A).

This document establishes a method for estimation by sensory analysis of the cooking quality of alimentary pasta. Estimation takes place through the evaluation of the following:
— firmness, by chewing;
— liveliness, by manual handling;
— starch release, by manual handling.
This document does not express a preference and only gives an estimate relating to the evaluation of the cooking of the pasta. It does not apply to small pasta shapes usually consumed in soups.
This document is applicable to all forms of alimentary pasta produced from durum wheat and to products made from common wheat or a mixture of common wheat and durum wheat.
NOTE National regulations can apply.
This document has been specifically designed to establish the reference method with a view to the development, approval or monitoring of instrumental or practical methods of sensory analysis.

This document gives guidance on methods of specification to be used to describe green coffee for sale and purchase.
It also gives guidance on procedures for sampling, packing, marking, storage and shipping of green coffee.
This document is applicable to green coffee as defined in ISO 3509.

This document specifies the physical, mechanical, packaging and labelling requirements for curing polymerizing radio-opaque and non-radio-opaque resin cements based on poly (methacrylic acid esters). This document applies to two types of cement, intended respectively for use with a syringe or in the dough state, for the fixation of internal orthopaedic prostheses and supplied as units containing premeasured amounts of sterile powder and of sterile liquid in forms suitable for mixing at the time of implantation. All requirements in this document apply to, and all test methods are intended to be performed on, a sterile product. The requirements in this document are not intended to apply to acrylic resin cements for other applications, such as stabilization of spinal fractures, fixation of bone screws, bone anchors or augments, etc., although the test methods described can be applicable. This document does not cover the hazards associated with the use of the cement in respect of either the patient or the user of the cement.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the loss in mass at 105 °C of green coffee.
This document is applicable to decaffeinated and non-decaffeinated green coffee as defined in ISO 3509.
This method of determining the loss in mass can be considered, by convention, as a method for determining the water content and can be used as such by agreement between the interested parties. This method serves as a reference method for calibrating methods of determining the water content.

This document specifies a methodology for the determination of performance levels required for earth-moving machinery as defined in ISO 6165:2022. NOTE 1 For controls determined to be safety-related, the characteristics for architecture, hardware, software, environmental requirements, and performance are covered by other parts in the ISO 19014 series. NOTE 2 The ISO 19014 series covers the significant hazards caused by the failure of a safety control system and excludes hazards arising from the equipment itself (for example, electric shock or fire). To cover all the relevant safety requirements for the products in its scope, this document is used in combination with ISO 19014-2:2026, ISO 19014-3:2026, ISO 19014-4:2026, and ISO 19014-5:2026. This document does not apply to other controls that are not safety control systems (SCS) and that do not mitigate a hazard or perform a control function, and where the operator would be aware of a failure (e.g. windscreen wipers, head lights, cab light). NOTE 3 A list of safety control systems is included in Annex B. NOTE 4 Audible warnings are excluded from the requirements of diagnostic coverage. This document is not applicable to earth-moving machinery manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document specifies a spectrometric method for the determination of the chlorophyll content of rapeseed. It is not applicable to the determination of chlorophyll in oils.

This document specifies the method for determination of the elongation under load and the residual deformation of coated fabrics.

IEC TS 63202:2026 defines a hot water soaking test to determine whether crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) cells have metallization that is durable enough to be used in PV modules.
It is applied to crystalline silicon PV cells whose metallization is made with conductive metal pastes.
Hot water soaking test is an accelerated aging test carried out using conditions of high temperature and humidity. This test can be used to identify cells with poor metal adhesion. Such cells shed some of their metal during delivery and storage, causing visual defects and potential risk of module reliability issues.

This document gives guidance to organizations on developing policies and practices that are supportive of workers’ menstrual and menopausal health and experiences in the workplace.
This document is applicable to any organization regardless of size or sector and can be adapted to individual business needs.
This document does not apply to medical guidance or clinical options outside of the workplace. However, it does include reference to qualified sources where such information is available.
This document does not apply to andropause.

This document specifies requirements for the thermal and energy performance of refrigerated food lockers in given environmental conditions and intended for the temporary cold storage of chilled or frozen pre-ordered or pre-selected foodstuff until the final collection by the consumer.
This document also covers construction characteristics relevant for thermal and energy performance.
This document specifies tests conditions and methods for checking the requirements to be satisfied as well as the classification of refrigerated lockers, their marking and the list of characteristics to be declared by the manufacturer.
This document is not applicable to refrigerated vending machines.
It is also not applicable to:
commercial beverage coolers covered by ISO 22044;
ice cream freezers covered by ISO 22043;
refrigerated display cabinets covered by ISO 23953-1 and ISO 23953-2;
cabinets intended for storage or cabinets intended for use, e.g. in catering or non-retail refrigerated applications.
This document does not cover health and safety aspects and ergonomic principles.
The document does not cover safe storage temperatures for any specific perishable foodstuff.
The refrigeration system, providing the cooling function, is either fully or partially integrated or completely remote from the refrigerated food locker and connected by interconnecting pipe-work.

This document specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered fatty acid methyl esters (hereafter known as FAME) to be used either as fuel for diesel engines and for heating applications at 100 % concentration, or as a blend component for fuel for diesel engines and heating applications in accordance with the requirements of appropriate standards. At 100 % concentration it is applicable to fuel for use in diesel engines and in heating applications designed or subsequently adapted to run on 100 % FAME.
NOTE   For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, φ.

IEC 62906-5-8:2026 specifies the standard measurement conditions and methods of scanning characteristics for raster-scanning laser display which uses a MEMS mirror as optical scanner and is designed for projection onto a flat screen.

This document specifies electronic fee collection (EFC) requirements for the preparation and evaluation of security requirements specifications, referred to as protection profiles (PP) in the ISO/IEC 15408 series and in ISO/IEC TR 15446.

This document specifies technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of press brakes which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal but which can be used in the same way to work other sheet materials (e.g. cardboard, plastic, rubber, leather) and also referred to as machines.
NOTE 1        The design of a machine includes the study of the machine itself, taking into account all phases of the “life” of the machine mentioned in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, and the drafting of the instructions related to all the above phases.
This document covers the following types of machines (see Annex J):
hydraulic press brakes;
hydraulic servo-drive press brakes;
screw servo-drive press brakes;
belt-spring servo-drive press brakes.
The requirements in this document take account of intended use, as defined in ISO 12100:2010, 3.23, as well as reasonably foreseeable misuse, as defined in ISO 12100:2010, 3.24. This document presumes access to the press brake from all directions, deals with all significant hazards during the various phases of the life of the machine described in Clause 4, and specifies the safety measures for both the operator and other exposed persons.
NOTE 2        All significant hazards means those identified or associated with press brakes at the time of the publication of this document.
This document can also be used as a guide for the design of press brakes which are intended to be integrated in a manufacturing system.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to press brakes and ancillary devices (see Clause 4) when it is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. This document specifies the safety requirements for press brakes defined in Clause 3.
This document does not cover press brakes which transmit energy to impart beam motion by using pneumatic means or mechanical clutch or press brakes that use combination of technologies (e.g. combined hydraulic and screw servo-drive press brake or combined hydraulic servo-drive and screw servo-drive press brake).
This document does not cover machines whose principal designed purpose is:
sheet folding by rotary action;
tube and pipe bending by rotary action;
roll bending.
This document does not cover hazards related to the use of press brakes in explosive atmospheres.
This document is not applicable to press brakes which are manufactured before the date of its publication.
This document does not cover the safety aspect of equipment for automatic workpiece loading and unloading where provided. Guidance on how to take into account additional automatic loading and unloading equipment can be found in ISO 11161:2007.

IEC PAS 61400-60:2026 will be applied to existing models already in use within the wind energy sector, as well as to future models (and updates of models) that will be used within the wind energy sector. As such, this document does not set specific requirements to model accuracy and precision but aims to transparently establish the performance of models in terms of accuracy and precision, both for the intended use as covered by measurements as well as the predictive capability of the model.
This document (and all documents under IEC PAS 61400-60 (all parts) aims at model validation but not model development. Specifically, this document further defines the model validation requirements in the following standards and operational documents:
- IEC 61400-1:2019,
- IEC 61400-5:2020,
- IEC 61400-27-2:2020,
- OD-501:2018 [2],
- OD-501:2022 [3],
- IECRE Clarification sheet CSH022 Ed 2.0

IEC 63068-5:2026 provides definitions and guidance in use of X-ray topography inspection system for detecting defects in silicon carbide (SiC) homoepitaxial wafers. Additionally, this document exemplifies X-ray topographic images to enable the detection and categorization of defects in SiC homoepitaxial wafers.

IEC 63516:2026 defines the test method for providing uniform quality fixed folding durability test data to opto-electric wiring users. In particular, it provides a test condition for the tension and free tension folded state of the flexible opto-electric circuit boards of optic fibre type.

IEC TR 60086-7:2026, which is a technical report, provides a procedure to indirectly assess coin cells for their potential to cause internal injury if ingested.

IEC TR 63676-1:2026 describes the system overview of external visual systems of external human - machine interfaces (eHMIs). These systems are specifically designed for use in automated vehicles. It provides an introduction and background information on the concept of eHMIs, highlighting their significance in the context of automated vehicles. Additionally, it describes the architecture and key components of external visual systems used in eHMI multimedia systems.
It does not deal with:
a) external display usage scenario;
b) UX and UI of external display;
c) hardware performance of eHMI;
d) eHMI regulation of automated vehicle;
e) special vehicle conditions that use eHMI external displays, such as trucks, ambulances, fire engines, buses, and taxis.

Common modification to EN IEC 61851-23 Ed.2 (63680): make Annex BB "informative" instead of "normative"

This document is published as a dual logo standard and is applicable for the explosion protection requirements for the construction, testing and marking for Group I Ex Equipment that can be an individual item, or be an assembly of multiple items of Ex Equipment and Ex Components forming mining machinery. The standard atmospheric conditions (relating to the explosion characteristics of the atmosphere) under which it can be assumed that Ex Equipment can be operated are: - temperature −20 °C to +60 °C; - pressure 80 kPa (0,8 bar) to 110 kPa (1,1 bar); and - air with normal oxygen content, typically a volume fraction of 21 %. This part of ISO/IEC 80079 applies for Ex Equipment and Ex Components with Explosion Protection Levels (EPLs) Ma and Mb. This document supplements and modifies the general requirements of IEC 60079‑0. Where a requirement of this document conflicts with a requirement of IEC 60079-0, the requirement of this document takes precedence. This document can be used for guidance on underground applications where firedamp or coal dust can be present, but which are not Group I mines, for example tunnels. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. Refer to the Foreword of the document for a complete listing of the technical changes between edition 2.0 and the previous edition of the document.

IEC 60674-3-1:2026 gives the requirements for biaxially oriented polypropylene film having a smooth or rough surface, corona treated when required for vacuum metallization. The films are for use as dielectric in capacitors. Materials which conform to this specification meet established levels of performance. However, the selection of a material by a user for a specific application is based on the actual requirements necessary for adequate performance in that application and not based on this specification alone. Safety warning: It is the responsibility of the user of the methods contained or referred to in this document to ensure that they are used in a safe manner.
This third edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) this document has been completely revised editorially and technically;
b) the ranges of film thickness have been expanded;
c) the requirements of characteristics with the films of expanded thickness have been added.

IEC 60598-2-24:2026 specifies requirements for luminaires for which limited surface temperatures are provided to counteract risks from combustible dusts (conductive or non‑conductive) or ignition of materials that can be deposited on luminaires. The luminaires are for use with electric light sources on supply voltages not exceeding 1 000 V. This document specifically excludes requirements for luminaires for use in explosive gas atmospheres and explosive dust atmospheres. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the clause numbers and structure have been aligned with those of IEC 60598‑1;
b) improved terms and definitions;
c) more detailed classification of luminaires;
d) indication of luminaire mounting positions and use locations;
e) thermal protection of built-in controlgear and other built-in devices required.

This document specifies what climate data from climate projections are and where to find relevant climate data suited for infrastructure climate adaptation and resilience-building needs. This document gives support to both standards users and standards writers (with the emphasis on standards users) whether detailed climate data and information is specified in a standard, such as in a National Annex, or the standard requires the user to determine relevant climate data and information as a separate exercise. This document is relevant to all climate system data. Users of this Technical Report can also find this document helpful in dealing with derived climate system data, e.g. atmospheric pollution, flooding, ground water levels, wave heights. In addition, guidance is provided for designers of cross-border infrastructure systems, for example on the harmonisation of climate data used.
This document is intended for infrastructure owners, designers, operators and maintainers and staff of central/ regional authorities who are responsible for infrastructure within countries that are associated with CEN/CENELEC. Users includes the national standards’ bodies and authorities who will be responsible for the use of climate data in national annexes to standards.
The document does not define or prescribe the broader climate service delivery process, co-production methodologies, or stakeholder engagement practices.

Transmodel is composed of 10 parts (see above).
This work item consists in the revision and update of the documentation of the Public transport reference data model – Part 8 (Transmodel – Part 8). The update consists basically of the following types of actions:
a. Simplication of Part 8 based on the revision of Part 1: several functional extensions of Transmodel took place since the last publication of EN12896 (in 2016 and 2019). The functional extensions elaborated until 2019 generated additional common concepts which have already been published in the relevant documents. These additional common concepts are now integrated into Transmodel - Part 1 and thus removed from Part 8.
b. Updates/extensions of Part 8 as a consequence of
•   Work presented in TR17370:2019.
This TR provides a list of KPIs calculated using operational raw data.
The action consists here to provide data model extracts, representing the raw data needed for several  KPIs (listed in TR17370:2019), The extracted sub-models are based upon the (already existing) "Loggable object model" and will complete the 2 examples published in the current version of Part 8.
c. Ensuring coherence of the Transmodel eco-system. Several updates of Transmodel- Part 8 result from the discussions lead with the OpRa group and intend to ensure coherence with the OpRa Technical Specification.

This document specifies a schema mapping using JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as defined by JSON Schema (draft 2020-12) and subsequent versions. The schema mapping is the derived from the current UML model for DATEX II defined in 16157 Part 1. The schema mapping follows the JSON format defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in RFC 8259.

This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the qualification and design, installation, testing and integrity management for the external application of composite repair systems to corroded or damaged piping and pipelines, tanks and vessels.

This document specifies requirements for process development for forming, sealing and assembly of packaging for medical devices to be terminally sterilized, when utilizing heat sealing technologies.
This document recommends minimum heat sealing equipment features to support subsequent validation, process control and monitoring.
This document applies to both preformed sterile barrier systems and sterile barrier systems.
This document utilizes the sterile barrier system specification to develop the process specification using the principles of risk management.
This document is intended to be used prior to process validation.
NOTE            ISO 11607-2 provides requirements for process specification and process validation.

This document specifies requirements for manually controlled load manipulating cranes (herein referred to as load manipulators), powered by an energy other than human energy, to assist an operator in the handling of loads.
This document does not cover:
-   mechanically operated balancers that are based on springs, counterweights or automatons;
-   manipulating robots;
-   operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme environmental conditions such as: freezer applications, high temperatures, corrosive environment, strong magnetic fields);
-   operation subject to special rules;
-   handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metal, acids/alkalis, radiating materials, especially brittle loads);
NOTE   High risk applications are dealt with by EN 13135:2026 and EN 13001-2:2021.
-   hazards occurring during construction, transportation, decommissioning and disposal;
-   vibration.
This document does not cover hazards related to the lifting of persons.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to load manipulators, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Annex A.
This document is not applicable to load manipulators manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document applies to hearing aid fitting management (HAFM) services offered by hearing aid professionals (HAP) when providing benefit for their clients. The provision of hearing aids relies on the knowledge and practices of a hearing aid professional, to ensure the proper fitting and adequate service in the interest of the client with hearing loss.
This document specifies general processes of HAFM from the client profile to the follow-up through administering, organising and controlling hearing aid fitting through all stages. It also specifies important preconditions such as education, facilities and systems that are required to ensure proper services.
The focus of this document is the services offered to the majority of adult clients with hearing impairment. It is recognized that certain populations with hearing loss such as children, persons with other disabilities or persons with implantable devices can require services outside the scope of this document. This document generally applies to air conduction hearing aids and for the most part also to bone conduction devices.
Hearing loss can be a consequence of serious medical conditions. Hearing aid professionals are not in a position to diagnose or treat such conditions. When assisting clients seeking hearing rehabilitation without prior medical examination, hearing aid professionals are expected to be observant of symptoms of such conditions and refer to proper medical care.
Further to the main body of the document, which specifies the HAFM requirements and processes, several informative annexes are provided. Appropriate education of hearing aid professionals is vital for exercising HAFM. Annex A defines the competencies required for the HAFM processes. Annex B offers a recommended curriculum for the education of hearing aid professionals. Annex C is an example of an appropriate fitting room. Annex D gives guidance on the referral of clients for medical or other specialist examination and treatment. Annex E is a recommendation for important information to be exchanged with the client during the process of HAFM. Annex F is a comprehensive terminology list offering definitions of the most current terms related to HAFM.
It is the intention that these annexes be helpful to those who wish to deliver HAFM of the highest quality.

This document specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered fatty acid methyl esters (hereafter known as FAME) to be used either as fuel for diesel engines and for heating applications at 100 % concentration, or as a blend component for fuel for diesel engines and heating applications in accordance with the requirements of appropriate standards. At 100 % concentration it is applicable to fuel for use in diesel engines and in heating applications designed or subsequently adapted to run on 100 % FAME.
NOTE   For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, φ.

This document specifies minimum requirements and test methods for the performance of three types (see 4.3) of footwear for use by firefighters for fire suppression, general-purpose rescue, fire rescue and hazardous materials emergencies. It also specifies requirements for footwear for firefighters equipped with customized insocks and customized footwear for firefighters. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with EN ISO 20345:20222.
This document does not cover the property of high visibility because of interaction with the clothing (e.g. trousers cover the footwear and vice versa) and work area conditions (e.g. dirt, mud).
Special risks are covered by complementary job-related standards (e.g. electrically insulating footwear, protection against chain saw injuries, protection against molten metal splash).

This document specifies test methods for the determination of useful high frequency power output in equipment for industrial heating and processing of materials. It is in particular applicable to HF generators made available to users as separate units.
This document is basically applicable to equipment operating in the frequency range 100 kHz to 300 MHz, as defined in IEC 60519-1, with the following limitations.
– This document does not apply to induction heating, which it is possible to carry out in the lower part of the specified frequency band.
– The ISM centre frequencies for dielectric heating and processing of industrial interest are narrow bands about 6,78 MHz, 13,56 MHz, 27,12 MHz and 40,68 MHz.
– This document is not applicable to:
• appliances for household and similar use;
• commercial use;
• laboratory use;
• medical high frequency equipment.
For equipment working in designated ISM bands, it is a legal requirement that the frequency remains within the ISM bands according to CISPR 11, but the resonant frequency of the circuit varies with the change of dielectric parameters of the load. Therefore, the value of the mean output power in the work cycle can be much lower than the value obtained under the test conditions. This value depends upon the response of the tuning system.
NOTE 1 The following criteria are suitable for determination of the classification as industrial equipment:
– commercial equipment is typically designed and planned for series production of many identical units;
– industrial equipment is typically produced in small series or even as single units; the processed goods are consumed or ready for final use at the end of the heating process.
NOTE 2 Heating a workload with dielectric parameters which change significantly in time and/or with temperature, the value of the output power obtained with the actual charge can be different from that obtained with the test load specified in this document.
This document relates to equipment normally operating under continuous rated conditions.

IEC 60086-2-2:2026 is applicable to primary batteries which are based on standardised lithium (non-aqueous) electrochemical systems. It specifies: - the physical dimensions, - the discharge test conditions and discharge performance requirements. This first edition cancels and replaces the fourteenth edition of IEC 60086-2 published in 2021. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) separation of batteries with aqueous electrolyte into a separate Part 2-1: Physical and electrical specifications; b) maximum open circuit voltage of FR10G445 and FR14505 was changed from 1,83 to 1,90 V; c) load of digital audio test for FR10G445 was changed from 50 mA to 75 mA and MAD was modified; d) portable lighting test was added for FR10G445; e) motor/toy and radio /clock /remote control test was added for FR14505; f) in Clause 3, terms were reordered according their functions: electrochemical systems, electrochemical systems, electrical characteristics and specifications; g) Annex D for common designation of IEC 60086 2:2021 was moved to IEC 60086 1:2026, as Annex H; h) Annex E for Compliance checklist of IEC 60086 2:2021 was removed and merged into Annex J of IEC 60086 1:2026.

This document specifies test methods for surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors by evaluating the quality of sEMG signals obtained from contracting the muscles of the forearm and hand for wearable applications. It is applicable to sEMG sensors that are used to decipher movement intentions and use them as control signals in situations such as virtual reality, game, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), robot control, and home automation. This document does not apply to sEMG sensors intended for medical diagnosis or treatment. For medical devices, national requirements can apply.

IEC 60127-4:2026 relates to universal modular fuse-links (UMF) for printed circuits and other substrate systems, used for the protection of electric appliances, electronic equipment, and component parts thereof, normally intended to be used indoors. It does not apply to fuse-links for appliances intended to be used under special conditions, such as in a corrosive or explosive atmosphere. These fuses are normally intended to be mounted or replaced only by appropriately skilled persons using specialized equipment. This document applies in addition to the requirements of IEC 60127-1. The objectives of this part of IEC 60127 are as given in IEC 60127-1, with the additional requirement of a degree of non-interchangeability. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2005, Amendment 1:2008 and Amendment 2:2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) align to IEC 60127-1:2023, third edition; b) enhance the rated current of UMFs to 100A and provide the corresponding maximum voltage drop and maximum sustained dissipation; c) modify the figures; d) update the normative references to the latest version. This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60127-1:2023

RTBR/SMG-0019R1

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-1

The present document specifies technical requirements, limits and test methods for Short Range Devices in the non-
specific category operating in the frequency range 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz.
The non specific SRD category is defined by the EU Commission Decision 2019/1345/EU [i.3] as:
"The non-specific short-range device category covers all kinds of radio devices, regardless of the application or the
purpose, which fulfil the technical conditions as specified for a given frequency band. Typical uses include telemetry,
telecommand, alarms, data transmissions in general and other applications".
These radio equipment types are capable of transmitting up to 500 mW effective radiated power and operating indoor or
outdoor.
NOTE: The relationship between the present document and the essential requirements of article 3.2 of
Directive 2014/53/EU [i.2] is given in Annex A

DEN/ERM-TG28-561

REN/MSG-TFES-15-3

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].  
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.  
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm2/s [cSt].
Note 2: Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior ...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the physical requirements and testing of three types of lap cement for use with asphalt roll roofing. Type I is a brushing consistency lap cement intended for use in the exposed-nailing method of roll roofing application, and contains no mineral or other stabilizers. This type is further divided into two grades, as follows: Grade 1, which is made with an air-blown asphalt; and Grade 2, which is made with a vacuum-reduced or steam-refined asphalt. Both Types II and III, on the other hand, are heavy brushing or light troweling consistency lap cement intended for use in the concealed-nailing method of roll roofing application, only that Type II cement contains a quantity of short-fibered asbestos, while Type III cement contains a quantity of mineral or other stabilizers, or both, but contains no asbestos. The lap cements shall be sampled for testing, and shall adhere to specified values of the following properties: water content; distillation (total distillate at given temperatures); softening point of residue; solubility in trichloroethylene; and strength at indicated age.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lap cement consisting of asphalt dissolved in a volatile petroleum solvent with or without mineral or other stabilizers, or both, for use with roll roofing. The fibered version of these cements excludes the use of asbestos fibers.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat applies only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Research O.N. correlates with commercial automotive spark-ignition engine antiknock performance under mild conditions of operation.  
5.2 Research O.N. is used by engine manufacturers, petroleum refiners and marketers, and in commerce as a primary specification measurement related to the matching of fuels and engines.  
5.2.1 Empirical correlations that permit calculation of automotive antiknock performance are based on the general equation:
Values of k1,  k2, and k3 vary with vehicles and vehicle populations and are based on road-O.N. determinations.  
5.2.2 Research O.N., in conjunction with Motor O.N., defines the antiknock index of automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, in accordance with Specification D4814. The antiknock index of a fuel approximates the Road octane ratings for many vehicles, is posted on retail dispensing pumps in the U.S., and is referred to in vehicle manuals.
This is more commonly presented as:
5.2.3 Research O.N. is also used either alone or in conjunction with other factors to define the Road O.N. capabilities of spark-ignition engine fuels for vehicles operating in areas of the world other than the United States.  
5.3 Research O.N. is used for measuring the antiknock performance of spark-ignition engine fuels that contain oxygenates.  
5.4 Research O.N. is important in relation to the specifications for spark-ignition engine fuels used in stationary and other nonautomotive engine applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the knock rating of liquid spark-ignition engine fuel in terms of Research O.N., including fuels that contain up to 25 % v/v of ethanol. However, this test method may not be applicable to fuel and fuel components that are primarily oxygenates.2 The sample fuel is tested using a standardized single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable compression ratio, carbureted, CFR engine run in accordance with a defined set of operating conditions. The O.N. scale is defined by the volumetric composition of PRF blends. The sample fuel knock intensity is compared to that of one or more PRF blends. The O.N. of the PRF blend that matches the K.I. of the sample fuel establishes the Research O.N.  
1.2 The O.N. scale covers the range from 0 to 120 octane number but this test method has a working range from 40 to 120 Research O.N. Typical commercial fuels produced for spark-ignition engines rate in the 88 to 101 Research O.N. range. Testing of gasoline blend stocks or other process stream materials can produce ratings at various levels throughout the Research O.N. range.  
1.3 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI units and are considered standard. The values in parentheses are the historical inch-pound units. The standardized CFR engine measurements continue to be in inch-pound units only because of the extensive and expensive tooling that has been created for this equipment.  
1.4 For purposes of determining conformance with all specified limits in this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specified limit, in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 8, 14.4.1, 15.5.1, 16.6.1, Annex A1, A2.2.3.1, A2.2.3.3 (6) and (9), A2.3.5, X3.3.7, X4.2.3.1, X4.3.4.1, X4.3.9.3, X4.3.11.4, and X4.5.1.8.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Gu...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the testing and requirements for two types and two classes of asbestos-free asphalt roof cement consisting of an asphalt base, volatile petroleum solvents, and mineral and/or other stabilizers, mixed to a smooth, uniform consistency suitable for trowel application to roofing and flashing. Type I is made from asphalts characterized as self-healing, adhesive, and ductile, while Type II is made from asphalt characterized by high softening point and relatively low ductility. Class I is used for application to essentially dry surfaces, while Class II is used for application to damp, wet, or underwater surfaces. The roof cements shall comply with composition limits for water, nonvolatile matter, mineral and/or other stabilizers, and bitumen (asphalt). They shall also meet physical requirements such as uniformity, workability, and pliability and behavior at given temperatures.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asbestos-free asphalt roof cement suitable for trowel application to roofings and flashings.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Motor O.N. correlates with commercial automotive spark-ignition engine antiknock performance under severe conditions of operation.  
5.2 Motor O.N. is used by engine manufacturers, petroleum refiners and marketers, and in commerce as a primary specification measurement related to the matching of fuels and engines.  
5.2.1 Empirical correlations that permit calculation of automotive antiknock performance are based on the general equation:
Values of k1, k2, and k3 vary with vehicles and vehicle populations and are based on road-octane number determinations.  
5.2.2 Motor O.N., in conjunction with Research O.N., defines the antiknock index of automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, in accordance with Specification D4814. The antiknock index of a fuel approximates the road octane ratings for many vehicles, is posted on retail dispensing pumps in the United States, and is referred to in vehicle manuals.
This is more commonly presented as:
5.3 Motor O.N. is used for measuring the antiknock performance of spark-ignition engine fuels that contain oxygenates.  
5.4 Motor O.N. is important in relation to the specifications for spark-ignition engine fuels used in stationary and other nonautomotive engine applications.  
5.5 Motor O.N. is utilized to determine, by correlation equation, the Aviation method O.N. or performance number (lean-mixture aviation rating) of aviation spark-ignition engine fuel.7
SCOPE
1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the knock rating of liquid spark-ignition engine fuel in terms of Motor octane number, including fuels that contain up to 25 % v/v of ethanol. However, this test method may not be applicable to fuel and fuel components that are primarily oxygenates.2 The sample fuel is tested in a standardized single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable compression ratio, carbureted, CFR engine run in accordance with a defined set of operating conditions. The octane number scale is defined by the volumetric composition of primary reference fuel blends. The sample fuel knock intensity is compared to that of one or more primary reference fuel blends. The octane number of the primary reference fuel blend that matches the knock intensity of the sample fuel establishes the Motor octane number.  
1.2 The octane number scale covers the range from 0 to 120 octane number, but this test method has a working range from 40 to 120 octane number. Typical commercial fuels produced for automotive spark-ignition engines rate in the 80 to 90 Motor octane number range. Typical commercial fuels produced for aviation spark-ignition engines rate in the 98 to 102 Motor octane number range. Testing of gasoline blend stocks or other process stream materials can produce ratings at various levels throughout the Motor octane number range.  
1.3 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI units and are considered standard. The values in parentheses are the historical inch-pounds units. The standardized CFR engine measurements continue to be in inch-pound units only because of the extensive and expensive tooling that has been created for this equipment.  
1.4 For purposes of determining conformance with all specified limits in this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specified limit, in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific hazard statements, see Section 8, 14.4.1, 15.5.1, 16.6.1, Annex A1, A2.2.3.1, A2.2.3.3(6) and (9), A2.3.5, X3.3.7, X4.2.3.1, X4.3.4.1, X4.3.9.3, X4.3.12.4, and X4.5.1.8. ...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice shall be used when ultrasonic inspection is required by the order or specification for inspection purposes where the acceptance of the forging is based on limitations of the number, amplitude, or location of discontinuities, or a combination thereof, which give rise to ultrasonic indications.  
4.2 The acceptance criteria shall be clearly stated as order requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice for ultrasonic examination covers turbine and generator steel rotor forgings covered by Specifications A469/A469M, A470/A470M, A768/A768M, and A940/A940M. This practice shall be used for contact testing only.  
1.2 This practice describes a basic procedure of ultrasonically inspecting turbine and generator rotor forgings. It does not restrict the use of other ultrasonic methods such as reference block calibrations when required by the applicable procurement documents nor is it intended to restrict the use of new and improved ultrasonic test equipment and methods as they are developed.  
1.3 This practice is intended to provide a means of inspecting cylindrical forgings so that the inspection sensitivity at the forging center line or bore surface is constant, independent of the forging or bore diameter. To this end, inspection sensitivity multiplication factors have been computed from theoretical analysis, with experimental verification. These are plotted in Fig. 1 (bored rotors) and Fig. 2 (solid rotors), for a true inspection frequency of 2.25 MHz, and an acoustic velocity of 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s]. Means of converting to other sensitivity levels are provided in Fig. 3. (Sensitivity multiplication factors for other frequencies may be derived in accordance with X1.1 and X1.2 of Appendix X1.)  
FIG. 1 Bored Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging bore surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 2 Solid Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging centerline surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 3 Conversion Factors to Be Used in Conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 if a Change in the Reference Reflector Diameter is Required
1.4 Considerable verification data for this method have been generated which indicate that even under controlled conditions very significant uncertainties may exist in estimating natural discontinuities in terms of minimum equivalent size flat-bottom holes. The possibility exists that the estimated minimum areas of natural discontinuities in terms of minimum areas of the comparison flat-bottom holes may differ by 20 dB (factor of 10) in terms of actual areas of natural discontinuities. This magnitude of inaccuracy does not apply to all results but should be recognized as a possibility. Rigid control of the actual frequency used, the coil bandpass width if tuned instruments are used, and so forth, tend to reduce the overall inaccuracy which is apt to develop.  
1.5 This practice for inspection applies to solid cylindrical forgings having outer diameters of not less than 2.5 in. [64 mm] nor greater than 100 in. [2540 mm]. It also applies to cylindrical forgings with concentric cylindrical bores having wall thicknesses of 2.5 [64 mm] in. or greater, within the same outer diameter limits as for solid cylinders. For solid sections less than 15 in. [380 mm] in diameter and for bored cylinders of less than 7.5 in. [190 mm] wall thickness the transducer used for the inspection will be different than the transducer used for larger sections.  
1.6 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems. The chemical composition of coal tar roof cement shall conform to the requirements prescribed. The water, non-volatile matter, insoluble matter, behaviour at 60 deg. C, adhesion to wet surfaces, and flash point shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel designed for use on ceilings and walls in bath and shower areas as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall consist of a noncombustible water-resistant gypsum core, surfaced with glass mat, partially or completely embedded in the core, and with a water-resistant coating on one surface. The specimens shall be tested for flexural strength, humidified deflection, core hardness, end hardness, edge hardness, nail pull resistance, water resistance, and surface water absorption. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall have surfaces true and free of imperfections that render the panel unfit for its designed use.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel designed for use on ceilings and walls in bath and shower areas as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the manufacture, testing, and performance requirements of two types of asphalt-based emulsions for use in a relatively thick film as a protective coating for metal surfaces. Type I are quick-setting emulsified asphalt suitable for continuous exposure to water within a few days after application and drying. Type II, on the other hand, are emulsified asphalt suitable for continuous exposure to the weather, only after application and drying. Upon being sampled appropriately, the materials shall conform to composition requirements as to density, residue by evaporation, nonvolatile matter soluble in trichloroethylene, and ash and water content. They shall also adhere to performance requirements as to uniformity, consistency, stability, wet flow, firm set, heat test, flexibility, resistance to water, and loss of adhesion.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers emulsified asphalt suitable for application in a relatively thick film as a protective coating for metal surfaces.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is useful as a screening basis for acceptance or rejection of transparencies during manufacturing so that units with identifiable flaws will not be carried to final inspection for rejection at that time.  
4.2 This practice may also be employed as a go-no go technique for acceptance or rejection of the finished product.  
4.3 This practice is simple, inexpensive, and effective. Flaws identified by this practice, as with other optical methods, are limited to those that produce temperature gradients when electrically powered. Any other type of flaw, such as minor scratches parallel to the direction of electrical flow, are not detectable.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a standard procedure for detecting flaws in the conductive coating (heater element) by the observation of polarized light patterns.  
1.2 This practice applies to coatings on surfaces of monolithic transparencies as well as to coatings imbedded in laminated structures.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

RTS/TSGC-0329521vh50

RTS/TSGC-0329523vh70

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-2

RTS/LI-00190-2

RTS/ITS-00188