Latest Standards, Engineering Specifications, Manuals and Technical Publications

This document describes the extraction from coal by dilute hydrochloric acid and determination of extractable sodium, potassium, calcium, iron and magnesium.

This document specifies the test method for assessing the morphology of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) moulded forms as defined in ISO 5834-2. The assessment of morphology of UHMWPE moulded forms is not required in routine monitoring of validated moulding process because alternative test methods defined in ISO 5834-2, such as density and mechanical properties, already provide reasonable, redundant assurance of successful consolidation. This document is not applicable to UHMWPE powder forms, which are described in ISO 5834-1. NOTE Performance requirements for this test method have not been established.

This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for moulded forms (e.g. sheets, rods and near net shape bars) made from ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) powder for use in the manufacture of surgical implants. This document is not applicable to moulded forms that were intentionally irradiated, that were made from UHMWPE blended with additives or UHMWPE blended with different forms of polyethylene, and the packaged and sterilized finished implant.

This document specifies the requirements and corresponding test methods for ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) powder moulding materials for use in the manufacturing of moulded forms that are subsequently used in the manufacturing of surgical implants. This document is not applicable to UHMWPE moulding materials that were blended with any additives or different forms of polyethylene.

This document specifies a method for the quantitative analysis of residual quartz (i.e. alpha-quartz) in silica bricks within the mass fraction range of 0,3 % to 5,0 %, by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Bragg-Brentano diffractometer. This document includes details of sample preparation and of preliminary establishment of a working curve using external standards. This document does not address the safety issues associated with its use. The ground silica brick powders and reference materials may cause damage to lungs through prolonged or repeat inhalation during tests. It is responsibility of the users of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices.

This document specifies a method for the measurement of the relative extent of oxidation present in ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) moulded forms or forms fabricated for use in the manufacture of surgical implants.

This document specifies a procedure for the determination of the total cadmium mass fraction of coal.

This document specifies requirements for a procedure that uses the mechanical action of a hexapod tumbler tester to produce changes in appearance (surface, structure and colour) to all types of textile floor coverings. It does not include pilling or colour changes due to other actions.

This document specifies a test method for investigating the oxidative stability of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) moulded forms as a function of processing and sterilization method. This document describes a laboratory method for accelerated ageing of specimens taken from UHMWPE moulded forms or forms fabricated from these for use in the manufacture of surgical implants. The specimens are aged at elevated temperature and at elevated oxygen pressure, to accelerate oxidation of the material and thereby allow for the evaluation of its potential long-term chemical and mechanical stability.

This document specifies requirements for downhole thermoplastics lined tubing (TLT) used in the oil and gas industries, including configuration, materials, manufacturing, inspection and testing, documentation, marking, packaging, transportation, storage and use. This document is applicable to downhole thermoplastics lined tubing (TLT) used in contact with media related to oil and gas exploration and production (which involves multiphase flow, as well as water injection). This document is suitable for thermoplastics including but not limited to polyethylene (PE), polyethylene of raised temperature resistance (PE-RT), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (PE-UHMW), crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X), polypropylene (PP), unplasticized polyamide (PA-U), polyketone (PK), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) which meet the requirements of relevant design specifications, standards or regulations.

This document specifies a method for determining the extension set of leather. It is intended for use on upholstery leather but is applicable to all flexible leathers.

This International Standard specifies the minimum requirements for billing of all consumption-based utility
network services to domestic customers. It covers the processes required to produce the bill and to deal with
issues that arise after the bill has been sent, as well as the content of the billing document or statement. This
International Standard is applicable to utility network services that are unmetered, metered at the point of
delivery or metered remotely (e.g. on the supplier's own premises), and it covers any unmetered or unmeasured
charges appearing on the same bill as metered or measured charges, as well as flat rate charges.
NOTE 1 Utility network services include electricity supply, water, sanitation, gas supply, district heating and
communications.
NOTE 2 The requirements given in this International Standard are also applicable to other consumers who are legally
entitled to use the service provided by the supplier, except where in order to comply with privacy or data protection
requirements, it is necessary for the supplier to obtain the authority of the registered customer before dealing with another
consumer on billing matters.
This International Standard does not cover pricing, except for a requirement to provide information to
customers. It is only applicable to billing for consumption-based utility network services and it applies to all bills
or statements for utility network services where there is an ongoing account relationship between the customer
and the supplier, regardless of the payment method used.
NOTE 3 This includes bills for metered consumption, bills where a formula is used to estimate consumption (e.g. water
bills based on the number of persons per household or the size of the house), or where a flat rate fee is charged regardless
of consumption (e.g. telephony or internet bills where the tariff allows unlimited usage). It also applies to prepayment
customers, where a bill or account from the supplier is necessary to enable the customer to reconcile the amount paid
in advance with the cost of consumption, or where the customer expects to receive a bill based on point of sale or other
advertising (e.g. mobile telephony and energy metering) where codes, keys, electronic dongles or electronic cards are
used to load and reload the service and to indicate what was purchased.
NOTE 4 Services that are not billed [e.g. mobile telephony paid for by pre-purchased SIM (Subscriber Identity Module)
cards that are unmetered] and services that are funded directly by the taxpayer without bills being issued are not covered
by this International Standard.
NOTE 5 Many of the key principles in this International Standard also apply to all forms of billing, and suppliers are
therefore encouraged to adopt the relevant requirements in this International Standard for billing of other services.

IEC 60730-2-23:2025 applies to the safety of electrical, electro-mechanical and electronic sensors including sensing elements and any conditioning circuitry. Sensors covered under the scope of this document serve only to transform an activating quantity into a usable output and do not perform a control operation as defined in IEC 60730-1. This document applies to sensors in so far as defining the reliability and accuracy of their inherent operating characteristics and corresponding response under normal and abnormal conditions within the sensor. Sensors, as defined herein, are used in or as part of an automatic electrical control or as independently mounted devices in connection with controls and control systems. The use of this document for other applications in which sensors are used is possible provided that the appropriate safety is maintained as defined by the end product standard. This document applies to discrete sensors constructed of, but not limited to, conductive, semi-conductive, or substrate, for the detection of activating quantities such as voltage, current, temperature, pressure, humidity, light (e.g. optical), gasoline vapours, and the like. NOTE 1 Future consideration will be given to other sensor technologies constructed of other materials such as chemical, mechanical and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), along with other activating quantities like mass flow, liquid, movement, weight, vibration, or other as needed. This document applies to sensing element(s) as well as any electronic hardware, software, or other conditioning circuits that are inherent to the sensor and relied upon to reliably transform the input signal into a useable response signal (output) for functional safety purposes. Conditioning circuits that are inseparable from the control for which the sensing element relies upon to perform its desired function are evaluated by the requirements of the relevant control Part 2 standard and/or IEC 60730-1. NOTE 2 Additional requirements can be also applied by the application standard in which the sensor is used. Throughout this document, whenever it is indicated that the IEC 60730-1 requirements are applicable, the term "control(s)", is replaced by the term "sensor(s)", and the term "equipment" is replaced by the term "control", as they are used in IEC 60730-1, respectively, unless otherwise specified herein. This document does not apply to sensors explicitly described in another relevant part 2 of the IEC 60730 series. NOTE 3 For example, a flame sensor as described in IEC 60730-2-5.

IEC 60947-7-1:2025 specifies requirements for terminal blocks and test disconnect terminal blocks according to Annex D with screw-type or screw-less-type clamping units primarily intended for industrial or similar use and to be fixed to a support to provide electrical and mechanical connection between copper conductors. It applies to terminal blocks intended to connect round copper conductors, with or without special preparation, having a cross-section between 0,05 mm2/30 AWG and 300 mm2/600 kcmil, intended to be used in circuits of a rated voltage not exceeding 1 000 V AC up to 1 000 Hz or 1 500 V DC. The tests on terminal blocks are made with AC or DC supply as required in relevant clauses of this document. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2009. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Scope extension for smaller conductor cross-sections; b) Implementation of a contact pressure via insulation material (CoPI) test; c) Introduction of new informative Annex E for larger cross-sections; d) Reorganisation of all tables merged into two tables for electrical and mechanical values; e) Implementation of AWG-sizes conductor types as an equivalent type of metric conductor with examples in Annex C; f) Reorganisation of Annex D test disconnect terminal blocks to enhance readability; g) Introduction of new informative Annex A for main characteristics of terminal blocks.

IEC 62590-1:2025 specifies the common requirements and definitions for all power converter applications in fixed installations for power supply of railway systems. This document applies to fixed installations of following electric traction systems: railway networks, metropolitan transport networks including metros, tramways, trolleybuses and fully automated transport systems, magnetic levitated transport systems, electric road systems. This document applies to AC/DC converters, DC converters and AC converters. Converters for improvement of power quality and for energy saving are also included. Converters connected to electric traction systems feeding 3AC, 1AC or DC systems for auxiliary purpose are not in the scope of this document but some aspects such as insulation coordination and railway specific conditions can be referred to. This document, in conjunction with the other parts of IEC 62590, cancels and replaces IEC 62589:2010 and the former IEC 62590:2019. This document includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 62589:2010 and the former IEC 62590:2019: a) Split into common requirements and special requirements for different converters; b) Interface Model for the different systems connected; c) Split into circuits with their requirements like insulation coordination; d) Energy efficiency addressed.

IEC 61169-1-9:2025 specifies test methods for the safety wire hole pull-out of RF connectors. This document is applicable to the connectors with safety wire holes.

These supplementary requirements apply to fuse-links for application in equipment containing semiconductor devices for circuits of nominal voltages up to 1 000 V AC. or 1 500 V DC. and also, in so far as they are applicable, for circuits of higher nominal voltages. NOTE 1 Such fuse-Iinks are commonly referred to as "semiconductor fuse-links". NOTE 2 In most cases, a part of the associated equipment serves the purpose of a fuse-base. Owing to the great variety of equipment, no general rules can be given; the suitability of the associated equipment to serve as a fuse- base should be subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the user. However, if separate fuse-bases or fuse-holders are used, they should comply with the appropriate requirements of IEC 60269-1. NOTE 3 IEC 60269-6 (Low-voltage fuses – Part 6: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the protection of solar photovoltaic energy systems) is dedicated to the protection of solar photovoltaic energy systems. NOTE 4 These fuse-links are intended for use on systems employing the standardized voltages and tolerances of IEC 60038. Tests carried out on fuse-links in accordance with previous editions of this standard shall remain valid until such time as complimentary equipment has evolved to the standardized voltages and tolerances of IEC 60038. The object of these supplementary requirements is to establish the characteristics of semiconductor fuse-links in such a way that they can be replaced by other fuse-links having the same characteristics, provided that their dimensions are identical. For this purpose, this standard refers in particular to a) the following characteristics of fuses: 1) their rated values; 2) their temperature rises in normal service; 3) their power dissipation; 4) their time-current characteristics; 5) their breaking capacity; 6) their cut-off current characteristics and their I2t characteristics; 7) their arc voltage characteristics; b) type tests for verification of the characteristics of fuses; c) the markings on fuses; d) availability and presentation of technical data (see Annex BB).

IEC 60269-3:2024 is divided into four fuse systems, each dealing with a specific example of standardized fuses for use by unskilled persons. This part applies to “gG” fuses only. Unskilled persons do not have technical knowledge or sufficient experience. To avoid dangers, which electricity may create, the relevant part of the fuse standard shall provide requirements for maximum safety in service. IEC 60269-3 provides four systems for use by unskilled persons. Instructions for the safe operation of fuse-links are provided in the manufacturer’s literature. All systems provide their own mechanical solution to avoid the use of a fuse-link with higher current rating (non-interchangeability) whereas the protection of cables and lines is ensured. The applicant is required to take care to replace a fuse-link by the same type.

IEC 63522-20:2025 This part of IEC 63522 is used for testing along with the appropriate severities and conditions for measurements and tests designed to assess the ability of DUTs to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use.
This document defines a standard test method for mechanical endurance.

RTS/LI-00276-1

IEC 63522-28:2025 This part of IEC 63522 is used for testing all kinds of electrical relays and for evaluating their ability to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use. This document defines a standard test method for thermoelectric electromotive force (e.m.f.).

IEC 63522-40:2025 This document is used for testing along with the appropriate severities and conditions for measurements and tests designed to assess the ability of DUTs to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use. This document defines a standard test method for short circuit testing.

This part of IEC 60684 gives the requirements for two types of heat-shrinkable, polyolefin sleeving, stress control, not flame retarded, with a nominal shrink ratio up to 3:1.
This sleeving has been found suitable for use up to temperatures of 100 °C.
- Type A : Medium wall Internal diameter up to 65,0 mm typically
- Type B : Thick wall Internal diameter up to 95,0 mm typically
This sleeving is normally supplied in the colour black.
Since these types of sleevings cover a significantly large range of sizes and wall thicknesses, Annex A in this standard provides guidance to the range of sizes available. The actual size will be agreed between the user and the supplier.
Materials which conform to this specification meet established levels of performance. However, the selection of a material by a user for a specific application need to be based on the actual requirements necessary for adequate performance in that application and not based on this specification alone.
This sleeving is designed to be used in MV cable accessories and as such electrical performance will be proven as part of the assembly. Examples of this are described in HD 629 and IEC 60502 (all parts)

RTS/LI-00276-3

IEC 63522-38:2025 This part of IEC 63522 is used for testing all kinds of electrical relays and for evaluating their ability to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use.
This document defines a standard test method for mechanical interlock.

IEC 63522-9:2025 This document used for testing all kinds of relays and evaluates their ability to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use. It defines standard test methods to determine the ability of the relay to withstand certain climatic test conditions, a sequence of such climatic test conditions or climatic storage conditions.

This document describes a field test for the measurement of chloride ions using special detection tubes.
With suitable surface sampling techniques, this document is applicable to steel surfaces before and after cleaning, as well as to painted surfaces between applications of coats.

This document specifies polymers commonly used in manufacturing dental instruments.
It is applicable to polymers used to manufacture either an entire instrument or part of an instrument.
It is applicable to single-use and reusable dental instruments, whether they are connected to a power-driven system or not.
This document does not apply to oral appliances and devices (e.g. splints, mouthpieces, crowns, bridges, implants), to instruments used long-term in the mouth of the patient or to devices and instruments not made of polymers.
This document contains a selection of polymers suitable for use in the manufacture of dental instruments.

This document defines the requirements for the design, manufacturing, quality control, assembly, testing, and documentation of ball, check, gate, plug, and axial on–off valves for application in subsea pipeline systems for the petroleum and natural gas industries.
This document applies to ASME Class 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 valves intended for use in subsea pipelines. Use of these valves for any other purpose is outside the scope of this document.
This document is a supplement to API 6DSS, 3rd edition (2017), with Addendum 1 (2019) and Addendum 2 (2022), including Errata 1-3, the requirements of which are applicable with the additions specified in this document.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque hexagon regular nuts (with non‑metallic insert), in steel and stainless steel, with metric fine pitch thread 8 mm to 39 mm, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with an overall height equal to mmin (as specified in ISO 898-2 and ISO 8673 for style 1) plus the prevailing torque feature. The height of the prevailing torque feature (hmax – mmin) for the non-metallic insert is identical for regular, high and thin nuts for a given diameter.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque (all metal) hexagon high nuts, in steel and stainless steel, with metric fine pitch thread 8 mm to 39 mm, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with an overall height hmin = mmin (as specified in ISO 898-2 and ISO 8674 for style 2) plus the prevailing torque feature. hmax has been established in function of hmin; therefore, the tolerance (hmax – hmin) does not follow the ISO code system for tolerances (IT system). The wrenching height mw,min corresponds to the values specified for style 1.
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies safety requirements:
-   for tower cranes;
-   for climbing systems for tower cranes erected from parts.
This document applies to tower cranes for construction works, which are either erected by parts or self-erecting cranes, including mobile self-erecting tower cranes. Tower cranes for construction works are exclusively equipped with a hook as load-handling device.
This document is applicable to tower cranes to be operated outdoors at ambient temperature between
-20 °C and +40 °C.
This document is not applicable to tower cranes, which are permanently installed on a yard or integrated in a manufacturing process, resulting in a significantly different classification of the crane and its mechanisms, or which are equipped with a grab or when a sudden release of the load is intended, resulting in significantly different load actions and number of stress cycles.
This document is not applicable to mobile cranes, mobile harbour cranes, crawler cranes, slewing jib cranes, bridge and gantry cranes, offshore cranes, floating cranes, loader cranes, hand operated cranes or railway cranes.
This document deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to tower cranes, it is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. This document specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising from the significant hazards (see Annex A).
The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Annex A.
This document covers hazards related to the lifting of persons using a climbing system for tower cranes as defined in 3.6, 3.6.1 and 3.6.2. The lifting of persons by a tower crane itself is not included.
The requirements related to Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), the specific hazards due to external influence on electrical equipment, potentially explosive atmospheres and ionising radiation are not covered by this document.
To improve readability, additional requirements for climbing systems are given in Annex E of this document. Additional requirements for mobile self-erecting tower cranes are given in Annex B of this document.
This document is not applicable to tower cranes and climbing systems which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this document.

This document specifies the characteristics of prevailing torque (all metal) hexagon high nuts with slot(s), in steel and stainless steel, with metric coarse pitch thread M5 to M39, and with product grades A and B.
NOTE            These nuts are designed with mmin as specified ISO 4032 and with an overall height h greater than in ISO 7042, in order to accommodate the prevailing torque feature with slot(s); this height h contributes to the nut resistance due to the number of engaged threads. hmin values have been calculated as a function of hmax together with a ratio hmax/D that progresses regularly with increasing diameter; therefore, the tolerance (hmax – hmin) does not follow the ISO code system for tolerances (IT system).
If in certain cases other specifications are requested, property classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-2 or ISO 3506-2.

This document specifies laboratory test methods, test requirements and classifications for the casings of non-residential air handling units (AHU). For the leakage tests, a method for on-site testing is also included.
The test methods and requirements are applicable to both model boxes and real units, except for the thermal and acoustic performance of the casing.
The test method for the thermal performance of the casing is applicable to the comparison of different casing constructions, but not for the calculation of thermal losses through casing or the risk of condensation.
The test method for the acoustic performance of the casing is applicable for the comparison of different constructions, but not for the provision of accurate acoustic data for specific units.
This document is not applicable for fan-coil units and similar products.
The filter bypass test specified in this document is not applicable to high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter installations.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the length, width and straightness of bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing.

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-1

DEN/ERM-TG28-561

The present document specifies technical requirements, limits and test methods for Short Range Devices in the non-
specific category operating in the frequency range 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz.
The non specific SRD category is defined by the EU Commission Decision 2019/1345/EU [i.3] as:
"The non-specific short-range device category covers all kinds of radio devices, regardless of the application or the
purpose, which fulfil the technical conditions as specified for a given frequency band. Typical uses include telemetry,
telecommand, alarms, data transmissions in general and other applications".
These radio equipment types are capable of transmitting up to 500 mW effective radiated power and operating indoor or
outdoor.
NOTE: The relationship between the present document and the essential requirements of article 3.2 of
Directive 2014/53/EU [i.2] is given in Annex A

IEC 63461:2024 applies to laboratory model tests of any type of Pelton hydraulic turbine with unit power greater than 5 MW. It contains the rules governing test conduct and provides measures to be taken if any phase of the tests is disputed.
The main objectives of this document are:
- to define the terms and quantities used;
- to specify methods of testing and of measuring the quantities involved, in order to ascertain the hydraulic performance of the model;
- to specify the methods of computation of results and of comparison with guarantees;
- to determine if the contract guarantees that fall within the scope of this document have been fulfilled;
- and to define the extent, content and structure of the final report.
Full application of the procedures herein described is not generally justified for machines with smaller power. Nevertheless, this document can be used for such machines by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.

IEC TS 62271-315:2025 is applicable to direct current (DC) transfer switches designed for indoor or outdoor installation and for operation on HVDC transmission systems having direct voltages of 100 kV and above. DC transfer switches normally include metallic return transfer switches (MRTS), earth return transfer switches (ERTS), neutral bus switches (NBS) and neutral bus earthing switches (NBES).

IEC PAS 62443-2-2: 2025 provides guidance on the development, validation, operation, and maintenance of a set of technical, physical, and process security measures called Security Protection Scheme (SPS). The document’s goal is to provide the asset owner implementing an IACS Security Program (SP) with mechanisms and procedures to ensure that the design, implementation and operation of an SPS manage the risks resulting from cyberthreats to each of the IACS included in its operating facility.
The document is based on contents specified in other documents of the IEC 62443 series and explains how these contents can be used to support the development of technical, physical, and process security measures addressing the risks to the IACS during the operation phase.

IEC TR 62282-7-3:2025 is a generic assessment of the feasibility of standardizing accelerated test procedures (both proton exchange membrane (PEM) and oxide ion-conducting solid oxide cell (SOC) technologies) for fuel cell stacks that have been engineered for a specific system application. This document comprises a review of literature and projects, a discussion of the main physical phenomena of interest in accelerated testing campaigns (focusing on the cell and stack levels, not looking at the system as a black box), a compendium of measurement techniques that are applicable, and it suggests a macroscopic approach to the formulation of a representative accelerated testing campaign.

IEC TR 63515:2025 provides a conceptual framework for power system resilience. It covers the definition, evaluation metrics and methods, improvement strategies and uses cases of power system resilience. This document is applicable to developing resilient power system and implementing resilience improvement strategies.
This document is not exhaustive, and it is possible to consider other aspects, such as different application scenarios, evaluation methods, and improvement measures.

IEC TR 61850-90-30:2025, which is a Technical Report, describes extensions of the SCL Substation/Process Section allowing the creation of a comprehensive, IED and hardware independent specification of an IEC 61850 based power system.
It addresses how to:
• decompose functions in SCL
• show function classifications in SCL
• relate functions with the SCL Substation and Process Section
• relate functions to Logical Nodes and IEDs/Specification IEDs
• present information flow between functions in a hardware/implementation independent way
• position Functions in relation to "Application Schemes", "Distributed Functions", "Protection Schemes"
• consider the relationship to Basic Application Profiles (BAP) defined in IEC TR 61850-7-6
The document addresses the engineering process as far as it is related to the specification of Functions and their instantiation in IEC 61850 based power system. This includes the impact on the SCL Process Section during system configuration.
The engineering process related to the definition of Applications and their instantiation is addressed in the Basic Application Profile Document (BAP) in IEC TR 61850-7-6.
The System Configuration process is described in IEC 61850-6.
Modifications and extensions of SCL are done in a way to guarantee backwards compatibility.
In addition, this document introduces:
• Some further elements to SCL that improve the content and usefulness of SSD files and facilitate the handling of SCL files for engineering purposes,
• New variants of IED specific files: ISD file and FSD files,
• Evolution of the engineering rights management, to first improve the usage of SED and add a new concept of System Configuration Collaboration (SCC file) which allows collaboration on the same project with different engineers.

IEC 60050-831:2025 gives the terms and definitions used in smart cities and smart city systems, as well as general terms pertaining to specific applications and associated technologies. This terminology is consistent with the terminology developed in the other specialized parts of the IEV. It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.

IEC 62276:2025 applies to the manufacture of synthetic quartz, lithium niobate (LN), lithium tantalate (LT), lithium tetraborate (LBO), and lanthanum gallium silicate (LGS) single crystal wafers intended for use as substrates in the manufacture of surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters and resonators.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The terms and definitions, the technical requirements, sampling frequency, test methods and measurement of transmittance, lightness, colour difference for LN and LT have been added in order to meet the needs of industry development;
b) The term “inclusion” (mentioned in 4.13 and 6.10) and its definition have been added because there was no definition for it in Clause 3;
c) The specification of LTV and PLTV, and the corresponding description of sampling frequency for LN and LT have been added, because they are the key performance parameters for the wafers;
d) The tolerance of Curie temperature specification for LN and LT have been added in order to meet the development requirements of the industry;
e) Measurement of thickness, TV5, TTV, LTV and PLTV have been completed, including measurement principle and method of thickness, TV5, TTV, LTV and PLTV.

IEC 61000-4-2: 2025 relates to the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment subjected to static electricity discharges from operators directly and from personnel to adjacent objects. It additionally specifies ranges of test levels which relate to different environmental, and installation conditions and establishes test procedures. The objective of this document is to establish a common and reproducible basis for evaluating the performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electrostatic discharges. In addition, it includes electrostatic discharges which can occur from personnel to objects near the equipment. This document specifies:
- ideal waveform of the discharge current;
- range of test levels;
- test equipment;
- test setup;
- test procedure;
- calibration procedure;
- measurement uncertainty.
This document gives specifications for tests performed in laboratories and guidance to post-installation tests. This document is not intended to specify the tests to be applied to particular apparatus or systems. The main aim is to give a general basic reference to all concerned product committees. The product committees remain responsible for the appropriate choice of the tests and the severity level to be applied to their equipment. This document excludes tests intended to evaluate the ESD sensitivity of devices during handling and packaging. It is not intended for use in characterizing the performance of ESD protection circuit IEC Guide 107.
This document forms Part 4-2 of IEC 61000. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) added a calibration requirement for ESD generators with air discharge tip;
b) added a normative annex for test setups for particular kind of equipment (see Annex I);
c) added an informative annex for wearable devices (see Annex J);
d) added an informative annex on how to select test points and give guidance on how to specify the number of pulses for direct contact discharges (see Annex E);
e) moved Clause 9 into a new informative annex (see Annex K);
f) improvement of the current calibration procedure;
g) improvement of the measurement uncertainty considerations with examples of uncertainty budgets;
h) because post-installation tests cannot be performed in a controlled environment, this test method has been moved into a new informative Annex G.

IEC 62282-7-2:2025 applies to SOFC cell/stack assembly units, testing systems, instruments and measuring methods, and specifies test methods to test the performance of SOFC cells and stacks. This document is not applicable to small button cells that are designed for SOFC material testing and provide no practical means of fuel utilization measurement. This document is used based on the recommendation of the entity that provides the cell performance specification or for acquiring data on a cell or stack in order to estimate the performance of a system based on it. Users of this document can selectively execute test items suitable for their purposes from those described in this document.

REN/MSG-TFES-15-3

ABSTRACT
This specification covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process with or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen decarburization. All castings shall receive heat treatment followed by quench in water or rapid cool by other means as noted. The steel shall conform to both chemical composition and tensile property requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts (Note 1).  
Note 1: Carbon steel castings for pressure-containing parts are covered by Specification A216/A216M, low-alloy steel castings by Specification A217/A217M, and duplex stainless steel castings by Specification A995/A995M.  
1.2 A number of grades of austenitic steel castings are included in this specification. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service at high temperatures or in corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and high-temperature or corrosion-resistant characteristics, or both.  
1.2.1 Because of thermal instability, Grades CE20N, CF3A, CF3MA, and CF8A are not recommended for service at temperatures above 800 °F [425 °C].  
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The Supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable M-specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets or parentheses.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice shall be used when ultrasonic inspection is required by the order or specification for inspection purposes where the acceptance of the forging is based on limitations of the number, amplitude, or location of discontinuities, or a combination thereof, which give rise to ultrasonic indications.  
4.2 The acceptance criteria shall be clearly stated as order requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice for ultrasonic examination covers turbine and generator steel rotor forgings covered by Specifications A469/A469M, A470/A470M, A768/A768M, and A940/A940M. This practice shall be used for contact testing only.  
1.2 This practice describes a basic procedure of ultrasonically inspecting turbine and generator rotor forgings. It does not restrict the use of other ultrasonic methods such as reference block calibrations when required by the applicable procurement documents nor is it intended to restrict the use of new and improved ultrasonic test equipment and methods as they are developed.  
1.3 This practice is intended to provide a means of inspecting cylindrical forgings so that the inspection sensitivity at the forging center line or bore surface is constant, independent of the forging or bore diameter. To this end, inspection sensitivity multiplication factors have been computed from theoretical analysis, with experimental verification. These are plotted in Fig. 1 (bored rotors) and Fig. 2 (solid rotors), for a true inspection frequency of 2.25 MHz, and an acoustic velocity of 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s]. Means of converting to other sensitivity levels are provided in Fig. 3. (Sensitivity multiplication factors for other frequencies may be derived in accordance with X1.1 and X1.2 of Appendix X1.)  
FIG. 1 Bored Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging bore surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 2 Solid Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging centerline surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 3 Conversion Factors to Be Used in Conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 if a Change in the Reference Reflector Diameter is Required
1.4 Considerable verification data for this method have been generated which indicate that even under controlled conditions very significant uncertainties may exist in estimating natural discontinuities in terms of minimum equivalent size flat-bottom holes. The possibility exists that the estimated minimum areas of natural discontinuities in terms of minimum areas of the comparison flat-bottom holes may differ by 20 dB (factor of 10) in terms of actual areas of natural discontinuities. This magnitude of inaccuracy does not apply to all results but should be recognized as a possibility. Rigid control of the actual frequency used, the coil bandpass width if tuned instruments are used, and so forth, tend to reduce the overall inaccuracy which is apt to develop.  
1.5 This practice for inspection applies to solid cylindrical forgings having outer diameters of not less than 2.5 in. [64 mm] nor greater than 100 in. [2540 mm]. It also applies to cylindrical forgings with concentric cylindrical bores having wall thicknesses of 2.5 [64 mm] in. or greater, within the same outer diameter limits as for solid cylinders. For solid sections less than 15 in. [380 mm] in diameter and for bored cylinders of less than 7.5 in. [190 mm] wall thickness the transducer used for the inspection will be different than the transducer used for larger sections.  
1.6 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The honeycomb tensile-node bond strength is a fundamental property than can be used in determining whether honeycomb cores can be handled during cutting, machining and forming without the nodes breaking. The tensile-node bond strength is the tensile stress that causes failure of the honeycomb by rupture of the bond between the nodes. It is usually a peeling-type failure.  
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of obtaining tensile-node bond strength data for quality control, acceptance specification testing, and research and development.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile-node bond strength of honeycomb core materials.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This test method deals with the acceptance criteria for the magnetic particle examination of forged steel crankshafts and forgings having large main bearing journal or crankpin diameters. Covered here are three classes of forgings, which shall be evaluated under two areas of inspection, namely: major critical areas, and minor critical areas. During inspection, magnetic particle indications shall be classified as: surface indications, which include nonmetallic inclusions or stringers, open or twist cracks, flakes, or pipes; open or pinpoint indications; and non-open indications. Procedures for dimpling, depressing, inspection, and product marking are also mentioned.
SCOPE
1.1 This is an acceptance specification for the magnetic particle inspection of forged steel crankshafts having main bearing journals or crankpins 4 in. [200 mm] or larger in diameter.  
1.2 There are three classes, with acceptance standards of increasing severity:  
1.2.1 Class 1.  
1.2.2 Class 2 (originally the sole acceptance standard of this specification).  
1.2.3 Class 3 (formerly covered in Supplementary Requirement S1 of Specification A456 – 64 (1970)).  
1.3 This specification is not intended to cover continuous grain flow crankshafts (see Specification A983/A983M); however, Specification A986/A986M may be used for this purpose.
Note 1: Specification A668/A668M is a product specification which may be used for slab-forged crankshaft forgings that are usually twisted in order to set the crankpin angles, or for barrel forged crankshafts where the crankpins are machined in the appropriate configuration from a cylindrical forging.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch units.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel designed for use on ceilings and walls in bath and shower areas as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall consist of a noncombustible water-resistant gypsum core, surfaced with glass mat, partially or completely embedded in the core, and with a water-resistant coating on one surface. The specimens shall be tested for flexural strength, humidified deflection, core hardness, end hardness, edge hardness, nail pull resistance, water resistance, and surface water absorption. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall have surfaces true and free of imperfections that render the panel unfit for its designed use.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel designed for use on ceilings and walls in bath and shower areas as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the physical requirements and testing of three types of lap cement for use with asphalt roll roofing. Type I is a brushing consistency lap cement intended for use in the exposed-nailing method of roll roofing application, and contains no mineral or other stabilizers. This type is further divided into two grades, as follows: Grade 1, which is made with an air-blown asphalt; and Grade 2, which is made with a vacuum-reduced or steam-refined asphalt. Both Types II and III, on the other hand, are heavy brushing or light troweling consistency lap cement intended for use in the concealed-nailing method of roll roofing application, only that Type II cement contains a quantity of short-fibered asbestos, while Type III cement contains a quantity of mineral or other stabilizers, or both, but contains no asbestos. The lap cements shall be sampled for testing, and shall adhere to specified values of the following properties: water content; distillation (total distillate at given temperatures); softening point of residue; solubility in trichloroethylene; and strength at indicated age.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lap cement consisting of asphalt dissolved in a volatile petroleum solvent with or without mineral or other stabilizers, or both, for use with roll roofing. The fibered version of these cements excludes the use of asbestos fibers.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat applies only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These tests are useful in sampling and testing solvent bearing bituminous compounds to establish uniformity of shipments.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing solvent bearing bituminous compounds for use in roofing and waterproofing.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:    
Section  
Sampling  
4  
Uniformity  
5  
Weight per gallon  
6  
Nonvolatile content  
7  
Solubility  
8  
Ash content  
9  
Water content  
10  
Consistency  
11  
Behavior at 60 °C [140 °F]  
12  
Pliability at –0 °C [32 °F]  
13  
Aluminum content  
14  
Reflectance of aluminum roof coatings  
15  
Strength of laps of rolled roofing adhered with roof adhesive  
16  
Adhesion to damp, wet, or underwater surfaces  
17  
Mineral stabilizers and bitumen  
18  
Mineral matter  
19  
Volatile organic content  
20  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Different electroplating systems can be corroded under the same conditions for the same length of time. Differences in the average values of the radius or half-width or of penetration into an underlying metal layer are significant measures of the relative corrosion resistance of the systems. Thus, if the pit radii are substantially higher on samples with a given electroplating system, when compared to other systems, a tendency for earlier failure of the former by formation of visible pits is indicated. If penetration into the semi-bright nickel layer is substantially higher, a tendency for earlier failure by corrosion of basis metal is evident.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a means for measuring the average dimensions and number of corrosion sites in an electroplated decorative nickel plus chromium or copper plus nickel plus chromium coating on steel after the coating has been subjected to corrosion tests. This test method is useful for comparing the relative corrosion resistances of different electroplating systems and for comparing the relative corrosivities of different corrosive environments. The numbers and sizes of corrosion sites are related to deterioration of appearance. Penetration of the electroplated coatings leads to appearance of basis metal corrosion products.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers three types of aluminum-pigmented asphalt roof coatings suitable for application to roofing or masonry surfaces by brush or spray. Type I is nonfibered, Type II is fibered with asbestos, and Type III is fibered other than asbestos. The coatings shall adhere to chemical requirements such as composition limits for water, nonvolatile matter, metallic aluminum, and insolubility in CS2. They shall also meet physical requirements as to uniformity, consistency, and luminous reflectance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asphalt-based, aluminum-pigmented roof coatings suitable for application to roofing or masonry surfaces by brush or spray.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method simulates the hydrostatic loading conditions which are often present in actual sandwich structures, such as marine hulls. This test method can be used to compare the two-dimensional flexural stiffness of a sandwich composite made with different combinations of materials or with different fabrication processes. Since it is based on distributed loading rather than concentrated loading, it may also provide more realistic information on the failure mechanisms of sandwich structures loaded in a similar manner. Test data should be useful for design and engineering, material specification, quality assurance, and process development. In addition, data from this test method would be useful in refining predictive mathematical models or computer code for use as structural design tools. Properties that may be obtained from this test method include:  
5.1.1 Panel surface deflection at load,  
5.1.2 Panel face-sheet strain at load,  
5.1.3 Panel bending stiffness,  
5.1.4 Panel shear stiffness,  
5.1.5 Panel strength, and  
5.1.6 Panel failure modes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the two-dimensional flexural properties of sandwich composite plates subjected to a distributed load. The test fixture uses a relatively large square panel sample which is simply supported all around and has the distributed load provided by a water-filled bladder. This type of loading differs from the procedure of Test Method C393, where concentrated loads induce one-dimensional, simple bending in beam specimens.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to composite structures of the sandwich type which involve a relatively thick layer of core material bonded on both faces with an adhesive to thin-face sheets composed of a denser, higher-modulus material, typically, a polymer matrix reinforced with high-modulus fibers.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

RTS/TSGC-0329521vh50

RTS/TSGC-0329523vh70

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-2

RTS/LI-00190-2

RTS/TSGS-0333128vf40

RTS/TSGR-0534229-3ve60

This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows: Addition: This European Standard applies to spray guns for non-flammable materials.