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This document is applicable to vehicles operating on tram networks.
This document specifies all necessary design rules and associated assessment criteria as well as guidance concerning the design of information and the corresponding user interfaces of driver’s cabs of tram vehicles.
It considers the tasks the driver has to carry out and human factors. This document specifies how information is arranged and displayed.
All assessments based on the normative requirements of this document are applicable mainly to:
— symbols provided by Annex A;
— arrangement of screen areas conform with Figure 1 (generic organization of information);
— colours, fonts;
— audible information.
This document is applicable to the following aspects:
— legibility and intelligibility of displayed information: general rules concerning the layout of
information on the displays, including character size and spacing;
— definition of harmonized colours, symbols, etc.;
— definition of harmonized principles for the command interface (by physical or touchscreen buttons):
size, symbols, reaction time, way to give feedback to the driver, etc.;
— general arrangements (dialogue structures, sequences, layout philosophy, colour philosophy),
symbols, audible information, data entry arrangements.
NOTE If this document deals with how information can be given for operation and in degraded situations, it does not define operating rules and degraded situations.
This document does not request any safety requirement related with displayed information.
This document specifies minimum requirements and does not prevent innovative solutions.
Requirements describing the functions using the display are out of scope of this document.

This document specifies tests for determining the strength and wear resistance of guards for power take-off (PTO) drive- shafts on tractors and machinery used in agriculture and forestry, and their acceptance criteria. It is intended to be used in combination with ISO 5673-1:2005.
It is applicable to the testing of PTO drive- shaft guards and their restraining means. It is not applicable to the testing of guards designed and constructed to be used as steps.
This document is not applicable to guards for power take-off drive shafts that are manufactured before the date of publication of this document.

This document specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of robotic feed systems (RFS) (see Annex A), which distribute feed and perform at least one of the following functions without the need of human interaction:
—     storing of feed;
—     loading of mobile feed unit (MFU);
—     mixing;
—     travelling;
—     cleaning (residual feed);
—     pushing feed.
Additionally, it provides the type of information, to be provided by the manufacturer, on safe working practices (including information about residual risks).
This document is for feeding livestock (e.g. cows, sheep, pigs).
This document does not apply to:
—     systems designed to be used at a fixed location and that discharge feed at a remote location (e.g. chain conveyor feed systems, belt conveyor feed systems or liquid feed systems);
—     tractors;
—     systems designed for field application.
This document deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to RFS, see Annex B, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse, which are reasonably foreseeable, by the manufacturer as listed in Clause 4, except for the hazards arising from:
—     internal combustion engines of RFS;
—     requirements for the connections to the main electric power supply;
—     RFS with interchangeable equipment;
—     emission of airborne noise.
NOTE 1        Hazards related to internal combustion engines of robotic feed systems (e.g. exhaust emissions in buildings) will be considered in separate standards
NOTE 2        The main electric power supply is subject to national regulations or codes
NOTE 3        Sudden loud noises may cause farm animals to become startled. It is advised to consider this with the design of the RFS.
Environmental aspects (except noise) have not been considered in this document.
This document is not applicable to feed systems manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content in diesel fuel or domestic heating fuel by mid-infrared (IR) spectrometry and a transmission sample cell, which applies to FAME contents of the three measurement ranges as follows:
—   range A: for FAME contents ranging from approx. 0,05 % (V/V) to approx. 3 % (V/V);
—   range B: for FAME contents ranging from approx. 3 % (V/V) to approx. 20 % (V/V);
—   range C: for FAME contents ranging from approx. 20 % (V/V) to approx. 50 % (V/V).
Principally, higher FAME contents can also be analysed if diluted; however, no precision data for results outside the specified range is available at present.
This test method was verified to be applicable to samples which contain FAME conforming to EN 14214. Reliable quantitative results are obtained only if the samples do not contain any significant amounts of other interfering components, especially esters and other carbonyl compounds which possess absorption bands in the spectral region used for quantification of FAME. If such interfering components are present, this test method is expected to produce higher values.
NOTE 1   For the purposes of this document, the term “% (V/V)” is used to represent the volume fraction (φ) of a material.
NOTE 2   For conversion of grams FAME per litre (g FAME/l) to volume fraction, a fixed density for FAME of 883,0 kg/m3 is adopted.

The present document specifies the EMC requirements for telecommunication equipment intended to be used within a telecommunications network, which provides telecommunications between Network Termination Points (NTPs) (i.e. excluding terminal equipment beyond the NTPs). Radio functionality (e.g. Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi®, GPS) incorporated in telecommunication network equipment is also within the scope of the present document. Examples (non-exhaustive list) of such equipment are:
1) Switching equipment. Such equipment includes:
- local telephone exchanges;
- remote switching concentrators;
- international switches;
- telex switches;
- network packet switches;
- base station controllers, radio network controllers;
- network servers and gateways.
2) Non-radio transmission equipment and ancillary equipment. Such equipment includes:
- multiplexers;
- line equipment and repeaters, e.g. equipment for:
- Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH);
- Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH);
- Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM);
such as:
- Digital Cross Connect systems;
- network terminations;
- transmission equipment used in the access network like xDSL.
3) Power supply equipment. Such equipment includes:
- central power plant;
- end of suite power supplies;
- uninterruptible power supplies;
- stabilized AC power supplies; and
- other dedicated telecommunication network power supplies
but excludes equipment which is uniquely associated with or integrated in other equipment.
4) Supervisory equipment. Such equipment includes:
- network management equipment;
- operator access maintenance equipment;
- traffic measurement systems;
- line test units;
- functional test units.
NOTE 1: The function of supervision may either be performed by independent equipment or form part of other telecommunication network equipment. If the function of supervision forms part of a telecommunication network equipment, the performance may be evaluated simultaneously with other functions (such as switching and transmission) during EMC testing.
5) Telecommunication network equipment incorporating radio equipment.
6) Data centre equipment which is intended to be used within telecommunication network infrastructure:
- Storage.
- Processor.
- Server.
The requirements applicable to radio interfaces of Telecommunication network equipment within the scope of the present document (e.g. Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi ®, GPS) are defined in clause 7 and annex D.
The environmental classification locations used in the present document refer to ETSI TR 101 651 [i.22]. The emission requirements of the present document refer to EN 55032 [31] that have been selected to ensure an adequate level of protection to radio services. The immunity requirements of the present document have been selected to ensure an adequate level of immunity for the apparatus covered by the scope of the present document. General purpose equipment, which is used as a part of a telecommunication network, may be covered by the scope of other standards. Equipment which also fall within the scope of EN 50083-2 [3] may require additional testing on the relevant RF ports. See clause 9.2 and annex C. Equipment may provide different functions, i.e. switching equipment may also provide transmission functions and transmission equipment may provide storage capabilities, etc. All available functions of the EUT are to be tested. Technical requirements related to conducted emission EMC requirements below 9 kHz on the AC mains port of telecommunication network equipment are not included in the present document.
NOTE 2: Such technical requirements are normally found in the relevant product family standards for AC mains powered equipment (e.g. EN 61000-3-2 [i.48] and EN 61000-3-3 [i.49]).
NOTE 3: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of annex I.1 of Directive 2014/30/EU [i.31] and/or article 3.1(b) of Directive 2014/53/EU [i.6] is given in annex A.

This document specifies a calculation method to determine the thermal transmittance of glass with flat and parallel surfaces.
This document applies to uncoated glass (including glass with structured surfaces, e.g. patterned glass), coated glass and materials not transparent in the far infrared which is the case for soda lime glass products, borosilicate glass, glass ceramic, alkaline earth silicate glass and alumino silicate glass. It applies also to multiple glazing comprising such glasses and/or materials. It does not apply to multiple glazing which include in the gas space sheets or foils that are far infrared transparent.
The procedure specified in this document determines the U value (thermal transmittance) in the central area of glazing.
The edge effects due to the thermal bridge through the spacer of an insulating glass unit or through the window frame are not included. Furthermore, energy transfer due to solar radiation is not taken into account. The effects of Georgian and other bars are excluded from the scope of this document.
NOTE   EN ISO 10077 1:2017 provides a methodology for calculating the overall U value of windows, doors and shutters [1], taking account of the U value calculated for the glass components according to this document.
Also excluded from the calculation methodology are any effects due to gases that absorb infrared radiation in the 5 to 50 µm range.
The primary purpose of this document is product comparison, for which a vertical position of the glazing is specified. In addition, U values are calculated using the same procedure for other purposes, in particular for predicting:
-   heat loss through glass;
-   conduction heat gains in summer;
-   condensation on glass surfaces;
-   the effect of the absorbed solar radiation in determining the solar factor [2].
Reference can be made to [3], [4] and [5] or other European Standards dealing with heat loss calculations for the application of glazing U values determined by this standard.
Reference can be made to [6] for detailed calculations of U values of glazing, including shading devices.
Vacuum Insulating Glass (VIG) is excluded from the scope of this document. For determination of the U value of VIG, please refer to EN 674 or ISO 19916-1.
A procedure for the determination of emissivity is given in EN 12898.
The rules have been made as simple as possible consistent with accuracy.

IEC 63522-10:2025 is used for testing along with the appropriate severities and conditions for measurements and tests designed to assess the ability of DUTs to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use.
This document defines a standard test method for heating.

This document specifies a test procedure for determination of the size of industrial radiographic gamma sources of 0,5 mm or greater, made from the radionuclides Iridium 192, Ytterbium 169, Selenium 75 or Cobalt 60, by a radiography method with X-rays. The source size of a gamma radiation source is an important factor which affects the image quality of gamma ray images.
The source size is determined with an accuracy of ±10 % but typically not better than ±0,1 mm.
The source size is provided by the manufacturer as the mechanical dimension of the source insert. A measurement can be required if the manufacturing process is validated or monitored after implementation of the source into the holder.
This document can be used for other radionuclides after validation.
The standard test method ASTM E1114 provides further information on the measurement of the Ir-192 source size, the characterization of the source shape, and its correct assembly and packaging.

This document specifies a method for the measurement of effective focal spot dimensions above 0,1 mm of X-ray systems up to and including 1 000 kV X-ray voltage by means of the pinhole camera method with digital evaluation. The tube voltage applied for this measurement is restricted to 200 kV for visual film evaluation and can be selected higher than 200 kV if digital detectors are used.
The imaging quality and the resolution of X-ray images depend highly on the characteristics of the effective focal spot, in particular the size and the two-dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the detector plane. Compared to the other methods specified in the EN 12543 series and the ISO 32543 series, this method allows to obtain an image of the focal spot and to see the state of it (e.g. cratering of the anode).
This test method provides instructions for determining the effective size (dimensions) of standard (macro focal spots) and mini focal spots of industrial X-ray tubes. This determination is based on the measurement of an image of a focal spot that has been radiographically recorded with a “pinhole” technique and evaluated with a digital method.
For the characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (i.e. for advertising or trade), the specific FS (focal spot) values of Annex A can be used.

This document, when used together with ISO 4254-1:2013 and ISO 4254-1:2013/AMD1:2021, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of trailed and self-propelled harvesters for grapes, olives and coffee. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from the intended use of these machines by one person (the operator) in the course of normal operation and service. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer.
When provisions of this document are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254-1:2013 and ISO 4254-1:2013/AMD1:2021, the provisions of this document take precedence over the provisions of ISO 4254-1:2013 and ISO 4254-1:2013/AMD1:2021 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this document.
This document, taken together with ISO 4254-1:2013 and ISO 4254-1:2013/AMD1:2021, deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to trailed and self-propelled harvesters for grapes, olives and coffee, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It is not applicable to hazards arising from the presence of persons other than the operator, hazards related to lack of visibility, except lighting, hazards related to vibrations and moving parts for power transmission, except for strength requirements for guards and barriers.
This document does not deal with environmental hazards, except noise.
In respect of steering of self-propelled machines, it is applicable only to the ergonomic aspects (for example, location of the steering wheel); no other aspects related to steering are covered.
NOTE            Specific requirements related to road traffic regulations are not taken into account in this document.
This document is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.

IEC TS 60815-3:2025, which is a technical specification, is applicable for the selection of polymeric insulators for AC systems, and the determination of their relevant dimensions, to be used in high voltage systems with respect to pollution. The specification applies to insulators for outdoor installation only.
This document gives specific guidelines and principles to arrive at an informed judgement on the probable behaviour of a given insulator in certain pollution environment.
The contents of this document are based on CIGRE TB 158 and CIGRE TB 361, which form a useful complement to this document for those wishing to study in greater depth the performance of insulators under pollution.
This document does not deal with the effects of snow or ice on polluted insulators. Although this subject is dealt with by CIGRE TB 158, current knowledge is very limited and practice is too diverse.
The objective of this document is to give the user means to
- determine the reference unified specific creepage distance (RUSCD) from site pollution severity (SPS) value or class,
- choose appropriate profiles,
- apply correction factors for altitude, insulator shape, size and position, etc. to the RUSCD.
This second edition of IEC TS 60815-3, together with IEC TS 60815-1, cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 60815-3:2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Terms and definitions are modified or introduced in this document;
b) From RUSCD of reference insulator to USCD of candidate insulator, the correction factors are introduced and revised, such as altitude correction, diameter correction, shed profile correction and - parallel insulator number correction;
d) The general guidance on materials is revised. The concept of hydrophobicity transfer and hydrophobicity transfer material (HTM) are introduced, recognising that a reduced creepage distance may be used for HTM insulators.

IEC 62351-7:2025 defines network and system management (NSM) data object models that are specific to power system operations. These NSM data objects will be used to monitor the health of networks and systems, to detect possible security intrusions, and to manage the performance and reliability of the information infrastructure. The goal is to define a set of abstract objects that will allow the remote monitoring of the health and condition of IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices), RTUs (Remote Terminal Units), DERs (Distributed Energy Resources) systems and other systems that are important to power system operations.
Power systems operations are increasingly reliant on information infrastructures, including communication networks, IEDs, and self-defining communication protocols. Therefore, management of the information infrastructure has become crucial to providing the necessary high levels of security and reliability in power system operations.
The telecommunication infrastructure that is in use for the transport of telecontrol and automation protocols is already subject to health and condition monitoring control, using the concepts developed in the IETF Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) standards for network management. However, power system specific devices (like teleprotection, telecontrol, substation automation, synchrophasors, inverters and protections) need instead a specific solution for monitoring their health.
The NSM objects provide monitoring data for IEC protocols used for power systems (IEC 61850, IEC 60870-5-104) and device specific environmental and security status. As a derivative of IEC 60870-5-104, IEEE 1815 DNP3 is also included in the list of monitored protocols. The NSM data objects use the naming conventions developed for IEC 61850, expanded to address NSM issues. For the sake of generality these data objects, and the data types of which they are comprised, are defined as abstract models of data objects.
In addition to the abstract model, in order to allow the integration of the monitoring of power system devices within the NSM environment in this part of IEC 62351, a mapping of objects to the SNMP protocol of Management Information Base (MIBs) is provided.
The objects that are already covered by existing MIBs are not defined here but are expected to be compliant with existing MIB standards. For example protocols including EST, SCEP, RADIUS, LDAP, GDOI are not in scope.
This edition of IEC 62351-7 cancels and replaces IEC 62351-7 published in 2017. This new edition constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 62351-7:
a) Reviewed and enriched the NSM object data model;
b) UML model adopted for NSM objects description;
c) SNMP protocol MIBs translation included as Code Components

IEC TS 60815-2:2025, which is a technical specification, is applicable for the selection of ceramic and glass insulators for AC systems, and the determination of their relevant dimensions, to be used in high-voltage systems with respect to pollution. This document applies to insulators for outdoor installation only.
This document gives specific guidelines and principles to arrive at an informed judgement on the probable behaviour of a given insulator in certain pollution environments.
The basis for the structure and approach of this document is fully explained in IEC TS 60815­-1.
The objective of this document is to give the user means to:
- determine the reference unified specific creepage distance (RUSCD) from site pollution severity (SPS) value or class;
- evaluate the suitability of different insulator profiles;
- determine the necessary USCD by applying corrections for insulator shape, size, position, etc. to the RUSCD;
- if required, determine the appropriate test methods and parameters to verify the performance of the selected insulators.
This second edition of IEC TS 60815-2, together with IEC TS 60815-1, cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 60815-2 published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Some terms and definitions are modified or introduced in this document, such as USCD, nominal creepage distance, RUSCD, creepage factor, insulator trunk, etc.;
b) From RUSCD of reference insulator to USCD of candidate insulator, the correction factors are introduced and revised, such as altitude correction, diameter correction, shed profile correction and parallel insulator number correction;
c) Profile suitability on ceramic and glass insulators was simplified.

IEC 63409-3:2025 specifies test procedures for confirming the basic operational characteristics of power conversion equipment (PCE) for use in photovoltaic (PV) power systems with or without energy storage. The basic operational characteristics are the capability of the PCE before any limitations due to internal settings are applied to the PCE to meet specific grid support functions or specific behaviours against abnormal changes.
This document covers the testing of the following items:
a) Steady state characteristics
Test procedures to confirm operable range of PCE at steady state condition are described. The operable ranges in apparent power, active power, reactive power, power factor, grid voltage and grid frequency are confirmed according to the test procedures.
b) Transient-response characteristics
Test procedures to confirm PCE’s response against a change of operational condition are described.
This document only considers the changes within normal (continuous) operable ranges. Therefore, the behaviours against abnormal changes and grid support functions are out of the scope and are covered in other parts of this series.

IEC TR 62284:2025 which is a Technical Report, applies to single-mode optical fibres. Its object is to document the methods for measuring the effective area (Aeff) of these fibres. It defines three methods of measuring Aeff. Information common to all the methods is found in the body of this document. Information specific to each method is found in the annexes. The three methods are:
a) direct far-field (DFF);
b) variable aperture in the far-field (VAMFF);
c) near-field (NF).
The reference method, used to resolve disputes, is method A, direct far-field.
Effective area is an optical attribute that is specified for single-mode fibres and used in system designs probably affected by the non-linear refractive index coefficient, n2. There is agreement in both national and international standards bodies concerning the definition used in this document. Methods A, B, and C have been recognised as providing equivalent results, provided that good engineering is used in implementation.
The direct far-field is the reference method because it is the most direct method and is named as the reference method for mode field diameter in IEC 60793-1-45 and ITU-T Recommendation G.650.1.
A mapping function is a formula by which the measured results of one attribute are used to predict the value of another attribute on a given fibre. For a given fibre type and design, the mode field diameter (MFD) (IEC 60793-1-45) can be used to predict the effective area with a mapping function. A mapping function is specific to a particular fibre type and design. Mapping functions are generated by doing an experiment in which a sample of fibre is chosen to represent the spectrum of values of MFD and in which the fibres in the sample are measured for both MFD and Aeff. Linear regression can be used to determine the fitting coefficient, k, as defined by the following:
NOTE 1 Other mathematical models can be used if they are generally more accurate.
NOTE 2 See Annex E for more information.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) improvement of the description of measurement details for B-657 fibre;
b) modification of the minimum distance between the fibre end and the detector for the direct far field scan (Annex A);
c) deletion of Annex H.

IEC 62037-6:2021 defines the test fixtures and procedures recommended for measuring levels of passive intermodulation generated by antennas, typically used in wireless communication systems. The purpose is to define qualification and acceptance test methods for antennas for use in low intermodulation (low IM) applications. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2013. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a. dynamic testing requirements updated to define impact energy and locations to apply impacts to devices under test

IEC 62933-4-3:2025 applies to the effects of the environmental conditions on Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). This document addresses these effects and identifies causes, chain of events and final effects on the BESS. Based on those effects, preventative or mitigating measures are described. Typical environmental effects on the BESS include, but are not limited to, the effects of lightning, seismic activities, water, air, flora, fauna, and humans. The described measures focus as a guideline on the entire BESS including all power and communication connections and its Point of Connections (POCs). The scope of this document is limited to BESS specific requirements and operating conditions. Specific design or safety requirements of individual BESS subsystems are excluded from this document.

IEC 63341-1:2025 applies to fuel cell power systems installed onboard rolling stock for railway applications (e.g. light rail vehicles, tramways, streetcars, metros, commuter trains, regional trains, high speed trains, locomotives). Fuel cell power systems specified in this document are used for the traction power and the auxiliary supply of railway vehicles such as hybrid vehicles, and in case of use as an auxiliary onboard power source. This document applies to the fuel cell technology called proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), with the use of hydrogen as fuel source and the use of air as oxidant source. This document does not apply for hydrogen fuel system which is specified in IEC 63341-2, as HFS is not within the scope of this document. This document does not apply for power conversion equipment which is specified in IEC 61287-1 and is not within the scope this document. This document specifies: - the scope of supply and the description of the interfaces (fluidic, electrical, thermal and mechanical) of the fuel cell power system; - the description of the environmental conditions; - the specification and description of all the requirements to ensure the fuel cell power system conformance with a railway application; - the process to validate the fuel cell power system sizing required for a specific load profile; - the safety, reliability and protection requirements to design the fuel cell power system for a railway application; - the marking and labelling requirements; - the requirements related to storage, transportation, installation and maintenance; - the tests (type, routine and investigation) required to validate the fuel cell power system.

IEC 61252:2025 specifies – performance specifications for personal sound exposure meters, – details of the tests necessary to verify conformance to all mandatory specifications for the purpose of pattern evaluation, and – procedures for periodic testing of a personal sound exposure meter. Personal sound exposure meters conforming to the requirements of this document have a specified frequency response for sound incident on the microphone from all directions. This document is applicable to instruments that are designed to be worn on a person in a configuration specified by the manufacturer for the measurement of sound immission resulting from steady, intermittent, fluctuating, irregular, or impulsive sounds. For reproducibility of results, specifications and tests for the response to sound waves apply without an operator present in the sound field. Pattern evaluation tests and periodic tests described in this this document apply to personal sound exposure meters for which the manufacturer claims conformance to the specifications given in this document. IEC 61252:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1993, Amendment 1:2000, and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) personal sound exposure meters are required to provide indications of time-averaged sound level and peak sound level; b) sound exposure is an optional quantity for indication; c) specifications for physical quantities that do not follow the principle of equal-energy exchange rate have been added; d) specifications for directional response have been added; e) specifications for frequency weightings apply to the relative diffuse-field frequency response; f) determination of conformance to specifications takes account of uncertainties of measurement; g) detailed requirements for pattern-evaluation tests and periodic testing have been added.

IEC 61249-2-53:2025 specifies requirements for properties of PTFE unfilled reinforced laminated sheet of a thickness 0,05 mm up to 10,0 mm of defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad. This part of IEC 61249 is applicable to the design, manufacture, use of PTFE unfilled reinforced laminated sheet of defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad. Its flame resistance is defined in terms of the flammability requirements of 8.4.

IEC 62065:2025 specifies the minimum operational and performance requirements, test methods and required test results conforming to performance standards adopted by the IMO in resolution MSC.74(69) Annex 2 Recommendation on Performance Standards for Track Control Systems. In addition, it takes into account IMO resolution A.694(17) to which IEC 60945 is associated. It also takes into account IMO resolution MSC.302(87) on bridge alert management (BAM), to which IEC 62923-1 and IEC 62923-2 are associated. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) alert management has been brought in line with MSC.302(87), IEC 62923-1 and IEC 62923‑2, reducing the number of alerts for one situation and improving the information provided by alerts. An overview is provided in Annex F; b) the previous Annex F has been removed as it was outdated and not instrumental in this document; c) the requirements in Clause 5 have been further detailed: d) the structure of Clause 6 has been updated.

This document provides general methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. It is intended specifically to be used for the assessment of emissions from products and comparison of these with the exposure limits for the general public given in Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC, and those given for workers in Directive 2013/35/EU, as appropriate. It also is intended to be used for assessment of human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the workplace to determine compliance with the requirements of Directive 2013/35/EU. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated external to the body, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that form the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on: - definitions and terminology, - characteristics of electromagnetic fields, - measurement of exposure quantities, - instrumentation requirements, - methods of calibration, - measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, - calculation methods for exposure assessment. Where an applicable electromagnetic field standard specific to a product or technology exists it is expected to be used rather than this document. EN 62311:-, Table 1 gives a list of relevant standards.

IEC 62570:2025 applies to medical devices and other items that are anticipated to enter the magnetic resonance (MR) environment. This document specifies the marking of items anticipated to enter the MR environment by means of terms and icons, and recommends information that should be included in the labeling. MR image artifacts are not in the scope of the mandatory portions of this practice because they do not present a direct safety issue resulting from specific characteristics of the MR examination.

IEC 62676-4:2025 describes the planning, design, installation, testing, commissioning, and maintaining of video surveillance systems (VSS) comprising image capture device(s), interconnection(s) and image handling device(s), for use in security applications within private or public spaces.

IEC 62217:2025 is applicable to polymeric insulators for AC systems with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V (frequency less than 100 Hz) and DC systems with a nominal voltage greater than 1 500 V whose insulating body consists of one or various organic materials. Polymeric insulators covered by this document are intended for use both on HV overhead lines and in substations, in both indoor and outdoor applications. They include composite insulators with solid and hollow core and resin insulators. Hybrid insulators with ceramic core and polymeric housing are also included, while coated insulators (e.g. with RTV silicone rubber coatings) are not included in this standard. Electrical tests described in this document are done under AC voltage and are in general applicable to insulators to be used in DC systems too. Tests under DC voltage are intended to reflect up-to-date knowledge and experience. Only polymeric housing materials of hybrid insulators are specified in this document. Tests for core materials and the interfaces between housing and core of hybrid insulators are not included. The object of this document is - to define the common terms used for polymeric insulators; - to prescribe common test methods for design tests on polymeric insulators; - to prescribe acceptance or failure criteria, if applicable; These tests, criteria and recommendations are intended to ensure a satisfactory lifetime under normal operating and environmental conditions. This document includes design tests intended to reject materials or designs which are inadequate under normal operating and environmental conditions. This document defines test methods and acceptance criteria. The applicable tests are given in the relevant product standard. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) The scope of the document is specified to comprise composite insulators with solid and hollow core and resin insulators used for both AC and DC systems in indoor and outdoor applications of HV overhead lines and substations; hybrid insulators (defined in IEC TS 62896) with ceramic core and polymeric housing are also included, while coated insulators (e.g. with Room Temperature Vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber coatings) are not considered in this document; b) Steep-front impulse voltage test is modified to avoid unwanted flashovers between the leads of the electrodes; c) Differences between hydrophobicity transfer material (HTM) and non-HTM housing materials are specified and relevant test methods and acceptance criteria for polymeric insulators with HTM housing are introduced; d) The previous water diffusion test on core materials with or without housing is split into two tests. One is on core materials without housing, the other is on core materials with housing. The acceptance criteria are modified; e) Stress corrosion test for core materials is introduced; f) Annex B summarizes the test application for evaluating the quality of interfaces and connections of end fittings, housing materials and core materials; g) Annex E is introduced to emphasize the need for control of electric fields of polymeric insulators for AC. The control of electric fields of polymeric insulators for DC is still under consideration.

IEC 63478-2:2025 describes the requirements to measure users’ quality of experience (QoE) on multimedia conferencing services.

This document specifies the requirements for two types of rubber hoses and rubber hose assemblies for loading and discharge of liquid hydrocarbon fuels with a maximum working pressure of 10 bar (1,0 MPa).
Both types of hose are designed for:
a)   use with hydrocarbon fuels, having an aromatic hydrocarbon content not exceeding 50 % by volume and containing oxygenated compounds up to 15 %;
b)   operation within the temperature range of −30 °C to +70 °C, undamaged by climatic conditions of −50 °C to 70 °C when stored in static conditions.
This document is not applicable to hoses and hose assemblies for LPG, aviation fuel systems, fuel station systems and marine applications.

This document specifies a method for determining the leaching of active ingredients or other compounds from preservative treated wood by a semi-field method for Use Class 3 (outdoor above ground). The preservative treated wood can be tested with or without subsequently surface coating or other water-repellent treatment. The method is applicable to the testing of commercial or experimental preservatives or paint systems applied to timber by methods appropriate to commercial practice.

This document specifies tests for determining the strength and wear resistance of guards for power take-off (PTO) drive- shafts on tractors and machinery used in agriculture and forestry, and their acceptance criteria. It is intended to be used in combination with ISO 5673-1:2005.
It is applicable to the testing of PTO drive- shaft guards and their restraining means. It is not applicable to the testing of guards designed and constructed to be used as steps.
This document is not applicable to guards for power take-off drive shafts that are manufactured before the date of publication of this document.

This document is applicable to vehicles operating on tram networks.
This document specifies all necessary design rules and associated assessment criteria as well as guidance concerning the design of information and the corresponding user interfaces of driver’s cabs of tram vehicles.
It considers the tasks the driver has to carry out and human factors. This document specifies how information is arranged and displayed.
All assessments based on the normative requirements of this document are applicable mainly to:
— symbols provided by Annex A;
— arrangement of screen areas conform with Figure 1 (generic organization of information);
— colours, fonts;
— audible information.
This document is applicable to the following aspects:
— legibility and intelligibility of displayed information: general rules concerning the layout of
information on the displays, including character size and spacing;
— definition of harmonized colours, symbols, etc.;
— definition of harmonized principles for the command interface (by physical or touchscreen buttons):
size, symbols, reaction time, way to give feedback to the driver, etc.;
— general arrangements (dialogue structures, sequences, layout philosophy, colour philosophy),
symbols, audible information, data entry arrangements.
NOTE If this document deals with how information can be given for operation and in degraded situations, it does not define operating rules and degraded situations.
This document does not request any safety requirement related with displayed information.
This document specifies minimum requirements and does not prevent innovative solutions.
Requirements describing the functions using the display are out of scope of this document.

This document defines terms, which are used in the production and application of screed material and floor screeds.

This document specifies the requirements relating to:
Aluminium alloy AL-P7010
Forging stock
for aerospace applications.

This document specifies a method for the determination of nominal compressive strength of advanced monolithic technical ceramic materials at room temperature.

This document specifies particular requirements for portable units which are part of a transportable liquid oxygen system and used to provide a controlled flow of oxygen for inhalation by the patient in the home-care environment.
Portable units are intended to be used without professional supervision, carried by patients while moving around and during their off-site activities and refilled from a base unit via a transfilling device through the portable unit’s filling port connector.
NOTE            Requirements that are common to both portable units and base units are specified in ISO 18777-1.

This document defines markers of harm in online gambling. It is a minimum set of markers to analyse. The individual indicators can be analysed over additional time spans as well as in excess of those re-quired, and other markers can be added to the analysis as well.
In the event that the collection or analysis of data for a limited set of markers is prohibited within a spe-cific jurisdiction (for example, where legislation prevents it), operators can still be compliant with the standard provided that only these markers are omitted, and only for players who fall under that specific jurisdiction.
This document does not provide guidelines regarding the interventions to be employed when addressing individuals with gambling issues, nor does it establish predefined thresholds for intervention.

This document specifies the requirements relating to:
Steel X5CrNiCu17-4 (1.4542)
Air melted
Solution treated and precipitation treated
Sheets and strips
a ≤ 6 mm
Rm ≥ 930 MPa
for aerospace applications.
W.nr: 1.4542.
ASD-STAN: FE-PM3801.

This document specifies a test procedure to simulate and to evaluate lumbar and cervical spinal disc prostheses wear under adverse impingement conditions.

This document applies to force-controlled thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) testing. Both forms of control, force or stress, can be applied according to this document. This document describes the equipment, specimen preparation, and presentation of the test results to determine TMF properties.

This document specifies methods for the olfactory and visual examination and determination of foreign matter and defects in green coffee from all origins. These methods can also be used for determining one or more of the characteristics of green coffee with an impact on coffee quality for technical, commercial, administrative and arbitration purposes, and for quality control or quality inspection. This document is applicable to green coffee as defined in ISO 3509.

Within the general scope described in ISO/IEC 9995-1, this document specifies symbols and methods to distinguish graphic characters which share the same glyph or are represented by similar glyphs on keyboards (including virtual keyboards) and in documentation. Each of these symbols is intended to be considered as universal and non-language related equivalent of names for the function they represent.

This document specifies three procedures, A, B and C, using the Pensky-Martens closed cup tester, for determining the flash point of combustible liquids, liquids with suspended solids, liquids that tend to form a surface film under the test conditions, biodiesel and other liquids in the temperature range of 40 °C to 370 °C. NOTE 1 Although, technically, kerosene with a flash point above 40 °C can be tested using this document, it is standard practice to test kerosene according to ISO 13736.[ REF Reference_ref_9 \r \h 5 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0039000000 ] Similarly, lubricating oils are normally tested according to ISO 2592.[ REF Reference_ref_6 \r \h 2 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0036000000 ] Procedure A is applicable to distillate fuels (diesel, biodiesel blends, heating oil and turbine fuels), new and in-use lubricating oils, paints and varnishes, and other homogeneous liquids not included in the scope of procedures B or C. Procedure B is applicable to residual fuel oils, cutback residuals, used lubricating oils, mixtures of liquids with solids, and liquids that tend to form a surface film under test conditions or are of such kinematic viscosity that they are not uniformly heated under the stirring and heating conditions of procedure A. Procedure C is applicable to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) as specified in specifications such as EN 14214[ REF Reference_ref_15 \r \h 11 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000110000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F00310035000000 ] or ASTM D6751.[ REF Reference_ref_17 \r \h 13 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000110000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F00310037000000 ] This document is not applicable to water-borne paints and varnishes. NOTE 2 Water-borne paints and varnishes can be tested using ISO 3679.[3] Liquids containing traces of highly volatile materials can be tested using ISO 1523[1] or ISO 3679.

This document specifies a test procedure for determining the performance of the internal cleaning system fitted onto a sprayer. This document is applicable to mounted, trailed and self-propelled agricultural sprayers used for crop protection and liquid fertilizer applications. It is not applicable to sprayers with direct injection systems, manually operated knapsack sprayers, aircraft sprayers and uncrewed aerial spraying system (UASS).

This document is applicable to the basic safety and essential performance of sleep apnoea breathing therapy equipment, hereafter referred to as ME equipment, intended to alleviate the symptoms of patients who suffer from obstructive sleep apnoea by delivering a therapeutic breathing pressure to the respiratory tract of the patient. Sleep apnoea breathing therapy equipment is intended for use in the home healthcare environment by lay operators as well as in professional healthcare institutions. Sleep apnoea breathing therapy equipment is not considered to utilize a physiologic closed-loop-control system unless it uses a physiological patient variable to adjust the therapy settings. This document excludes sleep apnoea breathing therapy equipment intended for use with neonates. This document is applicable to ME equipment or an ME system intended for those patients who are not dependent on artificial ventilation. This document is not applicable to ME equipment or an ME system intended for those patients who are dependent on artificial ventilation such as patients with central sleep apnoea. This document is also applicable to those accessories intended by their manufacturer to be connected to sleep apnoea breathing therapy equipment, where the characteristics of those accessories can affect the basic safety or essential performance of the sleep apnoea breathing therapy equipment. Masks and application accessories intended for use during sleep apnoea breathing therapy are additionally addressed by ISO 17510. Refer to Figure AA.1 for items covered further under this document. If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME equipment only, or to ME systems only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME equipment and to ME systems, as relevant. Hazards inherent in the intended physiological function of ME equipment or ME systems within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in 7.2.13 and 8.4.1 of the general standard. NOTE 2 See also 4.2 of the general standard. This document does not specify the requirements for: – ventilators or accessories intended for critical care ventilators for ventilator-dependent patients, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑12. – ventilators or accessories intended for anaesthetic applications, which are given in ISO 80601-2-13. – ventilators or accessories intended for home care ventilators for ventilator-dependent patients, which are given in ISO 80601-2-72. – ventilators or accessories intended for emergency and transport, which are given in ISO 80601-2-84. – ventilators or accessories intended for home-care ventilatory support, which are given in ISO 80601‑2-79 and ISO 80601‑2‑80. – high-frequency ventilators[23], which are given in ISO 80601-2-87. – respiratory high flow equipment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑90; NOTE 3 ISO 80601-2-80 ventilatory support equipment can incorporate high-flow therapy operational mode, but such a mode is only for spontaneously breathing patients. – user-powered resuscitators, which are given in ISO 10651-4; – gas-powered emergency resuscitators, which are given in ISO 10651-5; – oxygen therapy constant flow ME equipment; and – cuirass or “iron-lung” ventilation equipment.

This document provides a list of recommended ISO cryptographic algorithms for use within applicable ISO TC 68, Financial services, standards. It also provides strategic guidance on key lengths and associated parameters and usage dates. This document focuses on core algorithms, key lengths and frequently used mechanisms. The included algorithms are considered to be fit for purpose for financial service use. For additional algorithms, see the body of standards produced by ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 27, Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection. For standards on key management, see ISO 11568. The categories of algorithms covered are: a) block ciphers and modes of operation; b) stream ciphers; c) message authentication codes (MACs); d) authenticated encryption algorithms; e) format preserving encryption; f) hash functions; g) asymmetric algorithms: 1) digital signature schemes giving message recovery; 2) digital signatures with appendix; 3) asymmetric ciphers. h) authentication mechanisms; i) key derivation, establishment and agreement mechanisms; j) key transport mechanisms: 1) key wrapping. This document does not define any cryptographic algorithms. However, the standards to which this document refers contain necessary implementation information as well as more detailed guidance regarding choice of security parameters, security analysis and other implementation considerations.

This document specifies the commonly used terms in mine haulage.

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-1

The present document specifies technical requirements, limits and test methods for Short Range Devices in the non-
specific category operating in the frequency range 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz.
The non specific SRD category is defined by the EU Commission Decision 2019/1345/EU [i.3] as:
"The non-specific short-range device category covers all kinds of radio devices, regardless of the application or the
purpose, which fulfil the technical conditions as specified for a given frequency band. Typical uses include telemetry,
telecommand, alarms, data transmissions in general and other applications".
These radio equipment types are capable of transmitting up to 500 mW effective radiated power and operating indoor or
outdoor.
NOTE: The relationship between the present document and the essential requirements of article 3.2 of
Directive 2014/53/EU [i.2] is given in Annex A

DEN/ERM-TG28-561

REN/MSG-TFES-15-3

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].  
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.  
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm2/s [cSt].
Note 2: Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior ...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers emulsified asphalt suitable for use as a protective coating for built-up roofs and other exposed surfaces with specified inclines. The emulsified asphalts are grouped into three types, as follows: Type I, which contains fillers or fibers including asbestos; Type II, which contains fillers or fibers other than asbestos; and Type III, which do not contain any form of fibrous reinforcement. These types are further subdivided into two classes, as follows: Class 1, which is prepared with mineral colloid emulsifying agents; and Class 2, which is prepared with chemical emulsifying agents. Other than consistency and homogeneity of the final products, they shall also conform to specified physical property requirements such as weight, residue by evaporation, ash content of residue, water content flammability, firm set, flexibility, resistance to water, and behavior during heat and direct flame tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers emulsified asphalt suitable for use as a protective coating for built-up roofs and other exposed surfaces with inclines of not less than 4 % or 42 mm/m [1/2 in./ft].  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Since the information provided by this test method is largely qualitative in nature, specific limits covering the following characteristics are required in referring to this test method in specifications for kerosene:  
5.1.1 Duration of the test: 16 h is understood, if not otherwise specified;  
5.1.2 Permissible change in flame shape and dimensions during the test;  
5.1.3 Description of the acceptable appearance of the chimney deposit.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of the burning properties of kerosene to be used for illuminating purposes. (Warning—Combustible. Vapor harmful.)
Note 1: The corresponding Energy Institute (IP) test method is IP 10 which features a quantitative evaluation of the wick-char-forming tendencies of the kerosene, whereas Test Method D187 features a qualitative performance evaluation of the kerosene. Both test methods subject the kerosene to somewhat more severe operating conditions than would be experienced in typical designated applications.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements appear throughout the test method.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The carbon residue value of burner fuel serves as a rough approximation of the tendency of the fuel to form deposits in vaporizing pot-type and sleeve-type burners. Similarly, provided alkyl nitrates are absent (or if present, provided the test is performed on the base fuel without additive) the carbon residue of diesel fuel correlates approximately with combustion chamber deposits.  
5.2 The carbon residue value of motor oil, while at one time regarded as indicative of the amount of carbonaceous deposits a motor oil would form in the combustion chamber of an engine, is now considered to be of doubtful significance due to the presence of additives in many oils. For example, an ash-forming detergent additive may increase the carbon residue value of an oil yet will generally reduce its tendency to form deposits.  
5.3 The carbon residue value of gas oil is useful as a guide in the manufacture of gas from gas oil, while carbon residue values of crude oil residuums, cylinder and bright stocks, are useful in the manufacture of lubricants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative coke-forming propensities. This test method is generally applicable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure. Petroleum products containing ash-forming constituents as determined by Test Method D482 or IP Method 4 will have an erroneously high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed (Note 2 and Note 4).  
Note 1: The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method to designate the carbonaceous residue formed after evaporation and pyrolysis of a petroleum product under the conditions specified in this test method. The residue is not composed entirely of carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its wide common usage.
Note 2: Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D524. Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X1.1), but need not apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test is applied to a wide variety of petroleum products.
Note 3: The test results are equivalent to Test Method D4530, (see Fig. X1.2).
Note 4: In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate causes a higher residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D4046.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Prin...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures a lubricant's ability to protect hypoid final drive axles from abrasive wear, adhesive wear, plastic deformation, and surface fatigue when subjected to low-speed, high-torque conditions. Lack of protection can lead to premature gear or bearing failure, or both.  
5.2 This test method is used, or referred to, in specifications and classifications of rear-axle gear lubricants such as:  
5.2.1 Specification D7450.  
5.2.2 American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560.  
5.2.3 SAE J308.  
5.2.4 SAE J2360.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the L-37-1 test, describes a test procedure for evaluating the load-carrying capacity, wear performance, and extreme pressure properties of a gear lubricant in a hypoid axle under conditions of low-speed, high-torque operation.3  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as National Pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source supply equipment specification.
1.2.1.1 The drawing in Annex A6 is in inch-pound units.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 7.2 and 10.1.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method simulates the hydrostatic loading conditions which are often present in actual sandwich structures, such as marine hulls. This test method can be used to compare the two-dimensional flexural stiffness of a sandwich composite made with different combinations of materials or with different fabrication processes. Since it is based on distributed loading rather than concentrated loading, it may also provide more realistic information on the failure mechanisms of sandwich structures loaded in a similar manner. Test data should be useful for design and engineering, material specification, quality assurance, and process development. In addition, data from this test method would be useful in refining predictive mathematical models or computer code for use as structural design tools. Properties that may be obtained from this test method include:  
5.1.1 Panel surface deflection at load,  
5.1.2 Panel face-sheet strain at load,  
5.1.3 Panel bending stiffness,  
5.1.4 Panel shear stiffness,  
5.1.5 Panel strength, and  
5.1.6 Panel failure modes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the two-dimensional flexural properties of sandwich composite plates subjected to a distributed load. The test fixture uses a relatively large square panel sample which is simply supported all around and has the distributed load provided by a water-filled bladder. This type of loading differs from the procedure of Test Method C393, where concentrated loads induce one-dimensional, simple bending in beam specimens.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to composite structures of the sandwich type which involve a relatively thick layer of core material bonded on both faces with an adhesive to thin-face sheets composed of a denser, higher-modulus material, typically, a polymer matrix reinforced with high-modulus fibers.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the physical requirements and testing of three types of lap cement for use with asphalt roll roofing. Type I is a brushing consistency lap cement intended for use in the exposed-nailing method of roll roofing application, and contains no mineral or other stabilizers. This type is further divided into two grades, as follows: Grade 1, which is made with an air-blown asphalt; and Grade 2, which is made with a vacuum-reduced or steam-refined asphalt. Both Types II and III, on the other hand, are heavy brushing or light troweling consistency lap cement intended for use in the concealed-nailing method of roll roofing application, only that Type II cement contains a quantity of short-fibered asbestos, while Type III cement contains a quantity of mineral or other stabilizers, or both, but contains no asbestos. The lap cements shall be sampled for testing, and shall adhere to specified values of the following properties: water content; distillation (total distillate at given temperatures); softening point of residue; solubility in trichloroethylene; and strength at indicated age.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lap cement consisting of asphalt dissolved in a volatile petroleum solvent with or without mineral or other stabilizers, or both, for use with roll roofing. The fibered version of these cements excludes the use of asbestos fibers.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat applies only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful in characterizing certain petroleum products, as one element in establishing uniformity of shipments and sources of supply.  
5.2 See Guide D117 for applicability to mineral oils used as electrical insulating oils.  
5.3 The Saybolt Furol viscosity is approximately one tenth the Saybolt Universal viscosity, and is recommended for characterization of petroleum products such as fuel oils and other residual materials having Saybolt Universal viscosities greater than 1000 s.  
5.4 Determination of the Saybolt Furol viscosity of bituminous materials at higher temperatures is covered by Test Method E102/E102M.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the empirical procedures for determining the Saybolt Universal or Saybolt Furol viscosities of petroleum products at specified temperatures between 21 and 99 °C [70 and 210 °F]. A special procedure for waxy products is indicated.  
Note 1: Test Methods D445 and D2170/D2170M are preferred for the determination of kinematic viscosity. They require smaller samples and less time, and provide greater accuracy. Kinematic viscosities may be converted to Saybolt viscosities by use of the tables in Practice D2161. It is recommended that viscosity indexes be calculated from kinematic rather than Saybolt viscosities.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems. The chemical composition of coal tar roof cement shall conform to the requirements prescribed. The water, non-volatile matter, insoluble matter, behaviour at 60 deg. C, adhesion to wet surfaces, and flash point shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coal tar roof cement suitable for trowel application in coal tar roofing and flashing systems.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coal tar primer suitable for use with coal tar pitch in roofing, dampproofing, and waterproofing below or above ground level, for application to concrete, masonry, and coal tar surfaces. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following physical properties of coal tar primer: water content, consistency, specific gravity, matter insoluble in benzene, distillation, and coke residue content.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coal tar primer suitable for use with coal tar pitch in roofing, dampproofing, and waterproofing below or above ground level, for application to concrete, masonry, and coal tar surfaces.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

RTS/TSGC-0329521vh50

RTS/TSGC-0329523vh70

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-2

RTS/LI-00190-2

RTS/TSGS-0333128vf40

RTS/TSGR-0537571-4vf40