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This document specifies a method of determining the characteristic fusion temperatures of ash from hard coal. NOTE Descriptors: fossil fuels, ash, ashes, tests, high temperature tests, determination, and fusibility.

This document specifies a procedure for the use of quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), including single-quadrupole instruments and tandem ICP-MS/MS, for analysing test solutions prepared from samples of airborne particulate matter collected as specified in ISO 15202-1. Method development, performance checks and a routine analysis method are specified in this document NOTE 1 Other types of ICP-MS (e.g. magnetic sector) are outside of the scope of this document. Test solutions for analysis by this document are prepared as specified in ISO 15202-2. This document is applicable to the assessment of workplace exposure to metals and metalloids for comparison with limit values (e.g. see EN 689[ REF Reference_ref_21 \r \h 10 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000110000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F00320031000000 ] and ASTM E1370[ REF Reference_ref_19 \r \h 8 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000110000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F00310039000000 ]). This document is not applicable to the determination of elemental mercury, since mercury vapour is not collected using the sampling method specified in ISO 15202-1. The procedure specified in this document is suitable for the assessment of exposure against the long-term exposure limits for most of the metals and metalloids for which occupational exposure limit values have been set, when sampling at a typical flow rate of at least 2 l min−1 for sampling times in the range 0,25 h to 8 h and for the assessment of exposure against the short-term exposure limits, where applicable. NOTE 2 The procedure is subject to no significant spectral interferences (see Clause A.3), provided that suitable analytical isotopes are used. However, inadequate matrix-matching can adversely affect results.

This document specifies a method of determining the total carbon and the total hydrogen in coal and coke, by the Liebig method.

This document specifies: — How to uniquely identify Digital Items (and parts thereof); — How to uniquely identify IP related to the Digital Items (and parts thereof), for example abstractions; — How to express the relationship between the two above identifiers; — How to deal with varying levels of functional granularity for Digital Item identifiers; — How to uniquely identify description schemes; — The relationship between Digital Items (and parts thereof) and existing identification systems. Annex C contains a list of relevant identification systems. This is not an exhaustive list and is subject to change over time; — How to express the relationship between two Digital Items. This document does not specify: — New identification systems for the content elements for which identification and description schemes already exist and are in use (e.g. this document does not attempt to replace the ISRC, as defined in ISO 3901, for sound recordings); — Normative description schemes for describing content.

This document specifies calibration methods for a pyranometer using a pyrheliometer as a reference instrument. Three methods are specified in this document. a) Alternating sun and shade method. This method uses a shading disc to alternately shade and unshade a pyranometer to compare with the tracking pyrheliometer. The test pyranometer can be horizontal, on a fixed tilt or tracking alongside the pyrheliometer. b) Continuous sun and shade method. In this method, a shaded calibrated reference pyranometer is used in addition to the reference pyrheliometer. The test pyranometer can be horizontal, on a fixed tilt or tracking alongside the reference pyrheliometer, but the reference pyranometer must be mounted in the same plane as the test pyranometer (most often on the horizontal). c) Collimation tube method. In this method, the test pyranometer is mounted on a solar tracker and is equipped with a collimation tube designed to allow the test pyranometer to have the same geometric view as the reference pyrheliometer for a direct comparison of the two instruments. The methods in this document are applicable for calibration of all pyranometers provided that a proper uncertainty evaluation is performed. Unlike spectrally flat pyranometers, non-spectrally flat pyranometers have a sensitivity that strongly depends on the solar spectrum. Therefore, the calibration result can be valid under a more limited range of conditions. The result of a calibration is the instrument sensitivity accompanied by an uncertainty. This document includes suggestions for uncertainty evaluation.

This document specifies ways in which rare earths can be traced as they move through the supply chain between the separated products to rare earth permanent magnets, or otherwise to be further processed. The documented traceability information is applicable to purchasers, suppliers, and users of rare earth permanent magnets to identify parties in the supply chain who have processed a given shipment of rare earth material, the location of that rare earth material as it passes between supply chain nodes. The documented traceability information is also applicable to supply chain actors and end users who use this information to check the validity of any claims made on the rare earth permanent magnets concerning sustainability, environmental impact, or recycled material content.

This document specifies a method for the gas chromatographic determination of menthol in the total particulate matter (TPM) of mentholated cigarette mainstream smoke with a smoking regime according to ISO 3308 (standard smoking regime). The smoking of cigarettes and the collection of TPM from the mainstream smoke are carried out in accordance with ISO 4387 with some exceptions (see Annex A). Encapsulated menthol in specific products can lead to specific handling not described in this document.

This document defines the basic terms of functional components and performance indicators commonly used in the area of refuse collection vehicles (RCV). This document also gives classification and requirements for commercial specifications for RCVs. It aims to align with terminology that are used internationally. This standard provides further vocabulary to those defined in ISO 24161. NOTE ‘Refuse’ and ‘waste’ are used interchangeably in this document.

This document specifies general and detailed requirements for bellows used in space systems. It establishes requirements regarding material, design, analysis, fabrication, material, testing, inspection, and operation for space use. This document is applicable to metallic bellows which are used as pressure bearing components and are integrated into a pressure system. This document is not applicable to engine bellows or valve bellows.

This document specifies methods to determine 226Ra by alpha spectrometry in supply water, drinking water, rainwater, surface and ground water, marine water, as well as cooling water, industrial water, domestic, and industrial wastewater after proper sampling, handling and test sample preparation. The detection limit depends on the sample volume, the instrument used, the background count rate, the detection efficiency, the counting time and the chemical yield. The detection limit of the methods described in this document, using currently available alpha spectrometry apparatus, is equal to or lesser than 3 mBq·l−1 (or mBq·kg−1), which is lower than the WHO criteria for safe consumption of drinking water (1 Bq·l−1)[ REF Reference_ref_12 \r \h 4 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000110000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F00310032000000 ]. This value can typically be achieved with a counting time of 48 h for a test sample volume of 40 ml. The method described in this document is applicable in the event of an emergency situation. Filtration of the test sample is necessary for the methods described in this document if suspended solids are present. The analysis of 226Ra adsorbed to suspended matter is not covered by this method, because it requires a mineralization step. In this case, the measurement is made on the different phases obtained. The final activity is the sum of all the measured activity concentrations. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for the water samples tested.

This document specifies requirements for protective provisions against the effects of stray currents, which result from the operation of DC electric traction power supply systems. As several decades' experience has not shown evident corrosion effects from AC electric traction power supply systems, this document only deals with stray currents flowing from a DC electric traction power supply system. This document applies to all metallic fixed installations which form part of the traction system, and also to any other metallic components located in any position in the earth, which can carry stray currents resulting from the operation of the railway system. This document applies to all new DC lines and to all major revisions to existing DC lines. The principles can also be applied to existing electrified transportation systems where it is necessary to consider the effects of stray currents. This document does not specify working rules for maintenance but provides design requirements to allow maintenance. The range of application includes: a) railways, b) guided mass transport systems such as: 1) tramways, 2) elevated and underground railways, 3) mountain railways, 4) magnetically levitated systems, which use a contact line system, and 5) trolleybus systems, c) material transportation systems. This document does not apply to a) electric traction power supply systems in underground mines, b) cranes, transportable platforms and similar transportation equipment on rails, temporary structures (e.g. exhibition structures) in so far as these are not supplied directly from the contact line system and are not endangered by the electric traction power supply system, c) suspended cable cars, d) funicular railways.

This standard deals with the safety of appliances for generation of directly inhalable aerosols, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase appliances, and other appliances including direct current (DC) supplied appliances and battery-operated appliances.

IEC 60974-4:2025 specifies test procedures for periodic inspection and, after repair, to ensure electrical safety. These test procedures are also applicable for maintenance. This document is applicable to power sources for arc welding and allied processes designed in accordance with IEC 60974-1 or IEC 60974-6. Stand-alone ancillary equipment designed in accordance with other parts of IEC 60974 can be tested in accordance with relevant requirements of this part of IEC 60974. This document includes requirements for battery-powered arc welding power sources, which are given in Annex D. NOTE 1 The welding power source can be tested with any ancillary equipment fitted that can affect the test results. This document is not applicable to testing of new power sources or engine-driven power sources. NOTE 2 For a power source not built in accordance with IEC 60974-1, see Annex C. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - examples for the measurements in respect of EN 50699, - consideration of measuring equipment in respect of IEC 61557 series, - more determinations of no-load voltage for welding equipment built according to IEC 60974-1:1998 and IEC 60974-1:1998/AMD1:2000 or earlier, - new Annex D providing additional information to be considered when testing battery-powered welding power sources and connected chargers.

This document is for shock detectors installed in buildings to detect the shock or series of shocks due to a forcible attack through a physical barrier (for example doors or windows). It specifies four security grades 1-4 (in accordance with EN 50131-1), specific or non-specific wired or wire-free shock detectors and uses environmental Classes I-IV (in accordance with EN 50130-5). This document does not include requirements for detectors intended to detect penetration attacks on safes and vaults for example by drilling, cutting or thermal lance. This document does not include requirements for shock detectors intended for use outdoors. A shock detector needs to fulfil all the requirements of the specified grade. Functions additional to the mandatory functions specified in this document can be included in the shock detector, providing they do not adversely influence the correct operation of the mandatory functions. This document does not deal with requirements for compliance with regulatory directives, such as EMC-directive, low-voltage directive, etc., except that it specifies the equipment operating conditions for EMC- susceptibility testing as required by EN 50130-4. This document does not apply to system interconnections.

IEC 60794-1-124:2025 contains test procedures, referred to as Method E24, for evaluating the behaviour of microduct cabling (microduct optical cable, fibre unit or hybrid cable etc.) when blown into a microduct or protected microduct. This document describes two blowing track layouts: Method A consists of two mandrels and two long straight sections in between (same curvature). Method B consists of 3 mandrels. The middle mandrel forces the cable to experience both left- and right-hand bending, which is a feature of any realistic blowing route. In addition, this document describes an optional procedure to check the capability of blowing out an installed cable. This first edition cancels and replaces Method E24 of the first edition of IEC 60794‑1‑21 published in 2015 and Amendment 1:2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) addition of a blowing route (see Figure 2) which includes a change in the direction of curvature. This was achieved by introducing a third mandrel; b) addition of Annex A (Figure A.1 which shows a practical implementation of the blowing route; c) addition of Annex B which describes the so-called Crash Test; d) addition of Annex C which describes a cable blowing out procedure.

IEC 63522-29:2025 This part is used for testing the appropriate severities and conditions for measurements and tests designed to assess the ability of DUTs to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use. It specifies how to ensure that the capacitances formed by parts of a relay do not exceed specified limits.

This document specifies requirements for the protective provisions relating to electrical safety in fixed installations associated with AC and/or DC traction systems and to any installations that can be endangered by the electric traction power supply system. This also includes requirements applicable to vehicles on electrified lines. It also applies to all aspects of fixed installations which are necessary to ensure electrical safety during maintenance work within electric traction power supply systems. This document applies to new electric traction power supply systems and major revisions to electric traction power supply systems for: a) railways; b) guided mass transport systems such as 1) tramways, 2) elevated and underground railways, 3) mountain railways, 4) trolleybus systems, 5) electric traction power supply systems for road vehicles, which use an overhead contact line system, and 6) magnetically levitated systems, which use a contact line system; c) material transportation systems. This document does not apply to: a) electric traction power supply systems in underground mines, b) cranes, transportable platforms and similar transportation equipment on rails, temporary structures (e.g. exhibition structures) in so far as these are not supplied directly or via transformers from the contact line system and are not endangered by the electric traction power supply system, c) suspended cable cars, d) funicular railways, e) existing vehicles. This document does not specify working rules for maintenance. The requirements within this document related to protection against electric shock are applicable to persons only.

IEC 63366:2025 defines product category rules (PCR) for electrical and electronic products and systems (EEPS) to develop Type III environmental declarations for electrical and electronic products and systems (EEPS). It specifies the process and requirements on how to conduct life cycle assessment (LCA) in the context of environmental declarations. This document provides common rules for: a) LCA, including the requirements for developing default scenarios; b) the LCA report; c) the development of PSR. This document provides further guidelines for environmental declarations. The LCA principles and framework are based on ISO 14040 and ISO 14044, and are therefore out of scope of this document. PCR is complemented by additional product-specific rules (PSR), which further define, for example, functional units and default scenarios in the product-specific context. Therefore, this document also provides guidance on how to develop PSR in corresponding technical committees. This document has the status of a horizontal publication in accordance with IEC Guide 108. In accordance with IEC Guide 108, this generic essential horizontal standard is intended for use by product committees as a starting point in preparing PSR standards. Specific requirements developed by product committees in PSR standard take precedence over requirements in this standard. When there is no PSR available in a product committee, this generic essential horizontal standard could be applied by LCA practitioners with recorded complementary specifications.

This document is applicable to lead-acid batteries with a nominal voltage of 12 V, used primarily as power source for the starting of internal combustion engines (ICE), lighting and also for auxiliary equipment of ICE vehicles. These batteries are commonly called "starter batteries". Batteries with a nominal voltage of 6 V are also included in the scope of this document. All referenced voltages need to be divided by two for 6 V batteries. The batteries under the scope of this document are used for micro-cycle applications in vehicles which can also be called Start-Stop (or Stop-Start, idling-stop system, micro-hybrid or idle-stop-and-go) applications. In cars with this special capability, the internal combustion engine is switched off during a complete vehicle stop, during idling with low speed or during idling without the need of supporting the vehicle movement by the internal combustion engine. During the phases in which the engine is switched off, most of the electric and electronic components of the car need to be supplied by the battery without support of the alternator. In addition, in most cases an additional regenerative braking (recuperation or regeneration of braking energy) function is installed. The batteries under these applications are stressed in a completely different way compared to classical starter batteries. Aside of these additional properties, those batteries need to crank the ICE and support the lighting and also auxiliary functions in a standard operating mode with support of the alternator when the internal combustion engine is switched on. All batteries under this scope need to fulfil basic functions, which are tested under application of EN 50342 1:2015. This document is applicable to batteries for the following purposes: - Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342 2 for vehicles with the capability to automatically switch off the ICE during vehicle operation either in standstill or moving (“Start-Stop”); - Lead-acid batteries of the dimensions according to EN 50342 2 for vehicles with Start-Stop applications with the capability to recover braking energy or energy from other sources. This document is not applicable to batteries for purposes other than mentioned above, but it is applicable to EFB delivered in dry-charged conditions according to EN 50342 1:2015, Clause 7. NOTE The applicability of this document also for batteries according to EN 50342 4 is under consideration.

This document specifies requirements for the protective provisions relating to electrical safety in fixed installations, when it is reasonably likely that hazardous voltages or currents will arise for people or equipment, as a result of the mutual interaction of AC and DC electric power supply traction systems. It also applies to all aspects of fixed installations that are necessary to ensure electrical safety during maintenance work within electric power supply traction systems. The mutual interaction can be of any of the following kinds: - parallel running of AC and DC electric traction power supply systems; - crossing of AC and DC electric traction power supply systems; - shared use of tracks, buildings or other structures; - system separation sections between AC and DC electric traction power supply systems. The scope is limited to galvanic, inductive and capacitive coupling of the fundamental frequency voltages and currents and their superposition. This document applies to all new lines, extensions and to all major revisions to existing lines for the following electric traction power supply systems: a) railways; b) guided mass transport systems such as: 1) tramways, 2) elevated and underground railways, 3) mountain railways, 4) magnetically levitated systems, which use a contact line system, 5) trolleybus systems, and 6) electric traction power supply systems for road vehicles, which use an overhead contact line system; c) material transportation systems. The document does not apply to: a) electric traction power supply systems in underground mines; b) cranes, transportable platforms and similar transportation equipment on rails, temporary structures (e.g. exhibition structures) in so far as these are not supplied directly or via transformers from the contact line system and are not endangered by the electric traction power supply system for railways; c) suspended cable cars; d) funicular railways; e) procedures or rules for maintenance. The rules given in this document can also be applied to mutual interaction with non-electrified tracks, if hazardous voltages or currents can arise from AC or DC electric traction power supply systems.

This document specifies recommendations for the design of polymeric products used in road vehicles to facilitate separation and recycling after shredding.
This document is not applicable to dismantling of road vehicles and removal of parts and components.
This document is not applicable to elastomers.

This document applies to hot rolled and cold rolled non-coated steel flat products made of multiphase steels for cold forming. It covers cold rolled products of thicknesses t < 3 mm and hot rolled products of thicknesses t ≤ 6,5 mm.
These products are delivered in sheet, hot rolled strip, slit hot rolled strip, cold strip, slit cold rolled strip or cut lengths obtained from slit wide strip.
Flat products of multiphase steels for cold forming can be delivered with an electrolytic zinc coating according to EN 10152.

This document provides information on the processes and technologies for inorganic substance and nutrient recovery from sludge.
This document is applicable to sludge and products from urban wastewater collection systems, night soil, wastewater treatment plants for urban and similar industrial waters. It includes all sludge that can have either similar environmental or health impacts, or both.
Hazardous sludge from industry and dredged sludge are excluded from this document.

This document provides characteristics and typical values for polystyrene (PS) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1   Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2   The selection of relevant properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.

This document provides characteristics and typical values for polyethylene (PE) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer's defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1   Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2   The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.

This document provides characteristics and typical values for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer's defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1   Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in the Annex A.
NOTE 2   The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.

This document provides characteristics and typical values for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1   Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2   The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.

This document specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered automotive diesel fuel. It is applicable to automotive diesel fuel for use in diesel engine vehicles designed to run on automotive diesel fuel containing up to 7,0 %(V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME).
NOTE   For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction and the volume fraction.

This document provides characteristics and typical values for polypropylene (PP) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1   Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2   The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.

This document is the general part of the series that describes the designation system for plastic recyclates.
This document is dealing with recyclates after the recycling operation and prior to converting and compounding (when applicable). It is dealing with preparation of samples and determination of properties.
NOTE 1   This document supports the underlaying standards of this series that, per polymer type, provide an overview of the relevant characteristics and typical values for recyclates for use in certain application groups (product families) in combination with the relevant converting technologies.
NOTE 2   The overview of the relevant properties is based on and further extends the relevant properties given in EN ISO 10350 1.

This document specifies the technical delivery requirements for seamless and welded butt-welding fittings (elbows, concentric and eccentric reducers, equal and reducing tees, caps) made of austenitic and austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel in two test-categories which are intended for pressure purposes at room temperature, at low temperature or at elevated temperatures, and for the transmission and distribution of fluids and gases.
It specifies:
a)   type of fittings;
1)   type A: butt-welding fittings with reduced pressure factor;
2)   type B: butt-welding fittings for use at full service pressure;
b)   steel grades and their chemical compositions;
c)   mechanical properties;
d)   dimensions and tolerances;
e)   requirements for inspection and testing;
f)   inspection documents;
g)   marking;
h)   protection and packaging.
NOTE   The selection of the appropriate fitting (material, thickness) is the ultimate responsibility of the manufacturer of the pressure equipment (see European Legislation for Pressure Equipment). In the case of a harmonized supporting standard for materials, presumption of conformity to the ESRs is limited to technical data of materials in the standard and does not presume adequacy of the material to a specific item of equipment. Consequently, it is essential that the technical data stated in the material standard be assessed against the design requirements of this specific item of equipment to verify that the ESRs of the PED are satisfied.

This document covers safety requirements for powder actuated fixing and hard marking tools which operate with an intermediate member (piston) and are handled manually.
This document deals with all significant hazards (see Annex I), hazardous situations and events relevant to powder actuated fixing and hard marking tools, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable (see Clause 4). It deals with the significant hazards in the different operating modes and intervention procedures as referred to in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6.
Although the safe use of powder actuated tools depends to an important extent on the use of appropriate cartridges and fasteners, this document is not formulating requirements for the cartridges and fasteners to be used with the tools (see Clause 6).
This document applies to tools designed for use with cartridges with casings made of metal or plastic and with solid propellant and containing a minor quantity of primer mix with a composition different from that of the main propellant.
This document applies to tools designed for use with single cartridges or with cartridges collated in disks or in strips.
The fixing tools in the scope are those intended for use with fasteners made from metal.
NOTE   Information about cartridges can be found either in EN 16264:2014 or the publication of the Permanent International Commission for the Proof of Small Arms (C.I.P.).
This document is not applicable to powder actuated fixing and hard marking tools which are manufactured before this document’s date of publication.

This document specifies the mechanical property limits resulting from tensile testing applicable to aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded rod/bar, tube and profile.
Technical conditions for inspection and delivery, including product and testing requirements, are specified in EN 755-1. Temper designations are defined in EN 515. The chemical composition limits for these materials are given in EN 573-3.

This document gives guidance on the structural design of underground modular systems for infiltration, attenuation and storage of surface water under various conditions of loading. The procedures are explained, with the appropriate variables in the design formulae, and provides graphical information on vehicle surcharge loadings.
These modular systems are constructed from multiple cuboid shaped thermoplastic boxes generally with ancillary components such as inlet/outlet connectors, vents, and access/inspection provision. This guidance is for the design of modular systems conforming to EN 17152 1.
The boxes, including integral components, are injection moulded, extruded or thermoformed thermoplastics, manufactured from polypropylene (PP) or unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), and are intended to be used as elements in a modular system where the manufacturer has clearly stated in the documentation how the components are assembled to create a complete infiltration, attenuation or storage system.
Outside the scope of this document are the following conditions:
-   seismic loads;
-   lateral loads from adjacent structures and embankments;
-   influence of trees;
-   backfill materials not according to CEN/TR 17179 [1].
Geotextile and/or geomembrane used with modular systems are outside the scope of this document.
NOTE   If reference is made in this document to Eurocode standards, the conditions in a national foreword or national annex are normally stated.

This document defines the requirements for the design, manufacturing, quality control, assembly, testing, and documentation of ball, check, gate, plug, and axial on–off valves for application in subsea pipeline systems for the petroleum and natural gas industries.
This document applies to ASME Class 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 valves intended for use in subsea pipelines. Use of these valves for any other purpose is outside the scope of this document.
This document is a supplement to API 6DSS, 3rd edition (2017), with Addendum 1 (2019) and Addendum 2 (2022), including Errata 1-3, the requirements of which are applicable with the additions specified in this document.

This document specifies general requirements for showcases for safe and secure display of cultural heritage objects complying with the requirements for preventive conservation. This document focuses on so-called passive showcases, those with unpowered climate conditioning systems. The role a showcase plays in preventive conservation is determinable via a site-specific risk assessment of relevant factors, which are mentioned in this document.

This document acknowledges the field of application for taps, shower outlets, shower sets and shower systems used in water supply systems with a pressure range of (0,05 to 1,0) MPa [(0,5 to 10) bar].
The tests described in this document are type tests (laboratory tests) and not quality control tests carried out during manufacture.
This document covers:
—   PN10 taps;
—   PN5 shower outlets;
—   PN5 shower sets;
—   PN10 shower systems.
The following products are excluded from this document:
—   shower taps on its own;
—   taps for filling bathtubs;
—   the tub filling function of combined taps;
—   the function of a tap that delivers e.g. boiling water or sparkling water, etc.;
—   body or side jet showers.
The conditions of use for taps and shower systems are given in Table 1. The conditions of use for showers sets and shower outlets are given in Table 2.
Table 1 — Conditions of use for taps and shower systems
Water supply system   Operating range of taps and shower systems
   Limits   Recommended
see Figure 1   dynamic pressure
≥ 0,05 MPa
(0,5 bar)
static pressure
≤ 1,0 MPa
(10,0 bar)   dynamic pressure b
(0,1 to 0,5) MPa
[(1,0 to 5,0) bar]
temperature   ≤ 70 °C a   ≤ 65 °C
a   This maximum temperature limit can only be reached for short durations not greater than 1 h.
b   Measured at the point of discharge.
NOTE   Taps and shower systems for use at pressures lower than those in Table 1 are not covered by this standard.
Table 2 — Conditions of use for shower outlets and shower sets
Water supply system   Operating range of showers
   Limits   Recommended
see Figure 1   dynamic pressure
≥ 0,05 MPa
(0,5 bar)
static pressure
≤ 0,5 MPa
(5,0 bar)   dynamic pressure
(0,1 to 0,3) MPa
[(1,0 to 3,0) bar]
temperature   ≤ 70 °C a   ≤ 42 °C
a   This maximum temperature limit can only be reached for short durations not greater than 1 h.
Key
1   cold water
2   hot water
3   mains supply pipe (supply pressures up to 10 bar)
4   water heater
Figure 1 — Supply system with a pressure range of (0,05 to 1,0) MPa [(0,5 to 10) bar]
Health and quality requirements in accordance to European and national legislation for final materials in contact with water intended for human consumption are not covered by this document.

IEC 62290‑1:2025 provides an introduction to the IEC 62290 series and deals with the main concepts, the system definition, the principles and the basic functions of UGTMS (urban guided transport management and command/control systems) for use in urban guided passenger transport lines and networks. This document is applicable for new lines or resignalling of existing lines.
This document is applicable to applications using:
- continuous data transmission,
- continuous supervision of train movements by train protection profile, and
- localisation of trains by onboard UGTMS equipment (reporting trains), and optionally by external wayside (and optionally onboard) device.
The IEC 62290 series specifies the functional, system and interface requirements for the command, control, and management systems intended to be used on urban, guided passenger transport lines and networks.
These systems are designated herein as urban guided transport management and command/control systems (UGTMS). UGTMS cover a wide range of operations needs from non-automated (GOA1) to unattended (GOA4) operation. A line may be equipped with UGTMS on its full length or only partly equipped.
The IEC 62290 series does not specifically address security issues. However, aspects of safety requirements may apply to ensuring security within the urban guided transit system.
The main objectives of this series are as follows:
- to provide a baseline system description and functional requirements specification for a transport authority to use in a request for proposal,
- to provide recommendations for those transport authorities wishing to acquire an interoperable or interchangeable system.
It is the responsibility of the transport authority concerned to decide on how to apply the IEC 62290 series and to take into account their particular needs.
This document is applicable to applications using:
- continuous data transmission,
- continuous supervision of train movements by train protection profile, and
- localisation of trains by onboard UGTMS equipment (reporting trains), and optionally by external wayside (and optionally onboard) device.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Figure 3, giving the system environment of UGTMS, has been amended to reflect the adaptation of it;
b) external equipment for which no requirement is described in the IEC 62290 series has been removed;
c) new external equipment having such requirements (like the washing machine) has been added.

IEC 62290‑3:2025 specifies the system architecture for urban guided transport management and command/control systems (UGTMS) as defined in IEC 62290‑1 and IEC 62290‑2, and the allocation of functions and requirements defined in IEC 62290‑2 to the different UGTMS subsystems (designated as system constituents in IEC 62290‑1 and IEC 62290‑2), for use in urban guided passenger transport lines and networks.
The IEC 62290 series specifies the functional, system and interface requirements for the command, control, and management systems intended to be used on urban, guided passenger transport lines and networks.
These systems are designated herein as urban guided transport management and command/control systems (UGTMS). UGTMS cover a wide range of operations needs from non-automated (GOA1) to unattended (GOA4) operation. A line may be equipped with UGTMS on its full length or only partly equipped.
The IEC 62290 series does not specifically address security issues. However, aspects of safety requirements may apply to ensuring security within the urban guided transit system.
The main objectives of this series are as follows:
* to provide a baseline system description and functional requirements specification for a transport authority to use in a request for proposal,
* to provide recommendations for those transport authorities wishing to acquire an interoperable or interchangeable system.
It is the responsibility of the transport authority concerned to decide on how to apply the IEC 62290 series and to take into account their particular needs.
The IEC 62290 series is also intended to support applications for upgrading existing signalling and command control systems. In this case, interchangeability and compatibility could be ensured only for the additional UGTMS equipment. Checking the possibility for upgrading existing equipment and the level of interoperability is the responsibility of the transport authority concerned.
This document is applicable for new lines or for upgrading existing signalling and command control systems.
This document is applicable to applications using
* continuous data transmission,
* continuous supervision of train movements by train protection profile, and
* localisation by onboard UGTMS equipment (reporting trains), and optionally by external wayside (and optionally onboard) device.
The functional allocations of the UGTMS subsystems are mandatory (forming a sort of core system) or optional, according to the mandatory/optional functions and requirements defined in IEC 62290‑2.
This document is applicable as a basis to define FIS and FFFIS. For specific applications, some elements can be added to meet the requirements coming from additional functions or equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2019. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the last maintenance of IEC 62290‑1 is taken into account, in particular the changes made for describing the external environment of UGTMS;
b) the last maintenance of IEC 62290‑2 is taken into account, as IEC 62290‑3 is using the requirements defined in the latter. Therefore, the document reflects the deleted functions and requirements in IEC 62290‑2, and also the new functions and requirements.

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-1

DEN/ERM-TG28-561

The present document specifies technical requirements, limits and test methods for Short Range Devices in the non-
specific category operating in the frequency range 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz.
The non specific SRD category is defined by the EU Commission Decision 2019/1345/EU [i.3] as:
"The non-specific short-range device category covers all kinds of radio devices, regardless of the application or the
purpose, which fulfil the technical conditions as specified for a given frequency band. Typical uses include telemetry,
telecommand, alarms, data transmissions in general and other applications".
These radio equipment types are capable of transmitting up to 500 mW effective radiated power and operating indoor or
outdoor.
NOTE: The relationship between the present document and the essential requirements of article 3.2 of
Directive 2014/53/EU [i.2] is given in Annex A

IEC 63461:2024 applies to laboratory model tests of any type of Pelton hydraulic turbine with unit power greater than 5 MW. It contains the rules governing test conduct and provides measures to be taken if any phase of the tests is disputed.
The main objectives of this document are:
- to define the terms and quantities used;
- to specify methods of testing and of measuring the quantities involved, in order to ascertain the hydraulic performance of the model;
- to specify the methods of computation of results and of comparison with guarantees;
- to determine if the contract guarantees that fall within the scope of this document have been fulfilled;
- and to define the extent, content and structure of the final report.
Full application of the procedures herein described is not generally justified for machines with smaller power. Nevertheless, this document can be used for such machines by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.

IEC PAS 62443-2-2: 2025 provides guidance on the development, validation, operation, and maintenance of a set of technical, physical, and process security measures called Security Protection Scheme (SPS). The document’s goal is to provide the asset owner implementing an IACS Security Program (SP) with mechanisms and procedures to ensure that the design, implementation and operation of an SPS manage the risks resulting from cyberthreats to each of the IACS included in its operating facility.
The document is based on contents specified in other documents of the IEC 62443 series and explains how these contents can be used to support the development of technical, physical, and process security measures addressing the risks to the IACS during the operation phase.

IEC TR 62282-7-3:2025 is a generic assessment of the feasibility of standardizing accelerated test procedures (both proton exchange membrane (PEM) and oxide ion-conducting solid oxide cell (SOC) technologies) for fuel cell stacks that have been engineered for a specific system application. This document comprises a review of literature and projects, a discussion of the main physical phenomena of interest in accelerated testing campaigns (focusing on the cell and stack levels, not looking at the system as a black box), a compendium of measurement techniques that are applicable, and it suggests a macroscopic approach to the formulation of a representative accelerated testing campaign.

IEC TS 62271-315:2025 is applicable to direct current (DC) transfer switches designed for indoor or outdoor installation and for operation on HVDC transmission systems having direct voltages of 100 kV and above. DC transfer switches normally include metallic return transfer switches (MRTS), earth return transfer switches (ERTS), neutral bus switches (NBS) and neutral bus earthing switches (NBES).

IEC TR 63515:2025 provides a conceptual framework for power system resilience. It covers the definition, evaluation metrics and methods, improvement strategies and uses cases of power system resilience. This document is applicable to developing resilient power system and implementing resilience improvement strategies.
This document is not exhaustive, and it is possible to consider other aspects, such as different application scenarios, evaluation methods, and improvement measures.

IEC TR 61850-90-30:2025, which is a Technical Report, describes extensions of the SCL Substation/Process Section allowing the creation of a comprehensive, IED and hardware independent specification of an IEC 61850 based power system.
It addresses how to:
• decompose functions in SCL
• show function classifications in SCL
• relate functions with the SCL Substation and Process Section
• relate functions to Logical Nodes and IEDs/Specification IEDs
• present information flow between functions in a hardware/implementation independent way
• position Functions in relation to "Application Schemes", "Distributed Functions", "Protection Schemes"
• consider the relationship to Basic Application Profiles (BAP) defined in IEC TR 61850-7-6
The document addresses the engineering process as far as it is related to the specification of Functions and their instantiation in IEC 61850 based power system. This includes the impact on the SCL Process Section during system configuration.
The engineering process related to the definition of Applications and their instantiation is addressed in the Basic Application Profile Document (BAP) in IEC TR 61850-7-6.
The System Configuration process is described in IEC 61850-6.
Modifications and extensions of SCL are done in a way to guarantee backwards compatibility.
In addition, this document introduces:
• Some further elements to SCL that improve the content and usefulness of SSD files and facilitate the handling of SCL files for engineering purposes,
• New variants of IED specific files: ISD file and FSD files,
• Evolution of the engineering rights management, to first improve the usage of SED and add a new concept of System Configuration Collaboration (SCC file) which allows collaboration on the same project with different engineers.

IEC 60050-831:2025 gives the terms and definitions used in smart cities and smart city systems, as well as general terms pertaining to specific applications and associated technologies. This terminology is consistent with the terminology developed in the other specialized parts of the IEV. It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.

IEC 62282-7-2:2025 applies to SOFC cell/stack assembly units, testing systems, instruments and measuring methods, and specifies test methods to test the performance of SOFC cells and stacks. This document is not applicable to small button cells that are designed for SOFC material testing and provide no practical means of fuel utilization measurement. This document is used based on the recommendation of the entity that provides the cell performance specification or for acquiring data on a cell or stack in order to estimate the performance of a system based on it. Users of this document can selectively execute test items suitable for their purposes from those described in this document.

IEC 62276:2025 applies to the manufacture of synthetic quartz, lithium niobate (LN), lithium tantalate (LT), lithium tetraborate (LBO), and lanthanum gallium silicate (LGS) single crystal wafers intended for use as substrates in the manufacture of surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters and resonators.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The terms and definitions, the technical requirements, sampling frequency, test methods and measurement of transmittance, lightness, colour difference for LN and LT have been added in order to meet the needs of industry development;
b) The term “inclusion” (mentioned in 4.13 and 6.10) and its definition have been added because there was no definition for it in Clause 3;
c) The specification of LTV and PLTV, and the corresponding description of sampling frequency for LN and LT have been added, because they are the key performance parameters for the wafers;
d) The tolerance of Curie temperature specification for LN and LT have been added in order to meet the development requirements of the industry;
e) Measurement of thickness, TV5, TTV, LTV and PLTV have been completed, including measurement principle and method of thickness, TV5, TTV, LTV and PLTV.

IEC 61000-4-2: 2025 relates to the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment subjected to static electricity discharges from operators directly and from personnel to adjacent objects. It additionally specifies ranges of test levels which relate to different environmental, and installation conditions and establishes test procedures. The objective of this document is to establish a common and reproducible basis for evaluating the performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electrostatic discharges. In addition, it includes electrostatic discharges which can occur from personnel to objects near the equipment. This document specifies:
- ideal waveform of the discharge current;
- range of test levels;
- test equipment;
- test setup;
- test procedure;
- calibration procedure;
- measurement uncertainty.
This document gives specifications for tests performed in laboratories and guidance to post-installation tests. This document is not intended to specify the tests to be applied to particular apparatus or systems. The main aim is to give a general basic reference to all concerned product committees. The product committees remain responsible for the appropriate choice of the tests and the severity level to be applied to their equipment. This document excludes tests intended to evaluate the ESD sensitivity of devices during handling and packaging. It is not intended for use in characterizing the performance of ESD protection circuit IEC Guide 107.
This document forms Part 4-2 of IEC 61000. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) added a calibration requirement for ESD generators with air discharge tip;
b) added a normative annex for test setups for particular kind of equipment (see Annex I);
c) added an informative annex for wearable devices (see Annex J);
d) added an informative annex on how to select test points and give guidance on how to specify the number of pulses for direct contact discharges (see Annex E);
e) moved Clause 9 into a new informative annex (see Annex K);
f) improvement of the current calibration procedure;
g) improvement of the measurement uncertainty considerations with examples of uncertainty budgets;
h) because post-installation tests cannot be performed in a controlled environment, this test method has been moved into a new informative Annex G.

REN/MSG-TFES-15-3

ABSTRACT
This test method deals with the acceptance criteria for the magnetic particle examination of forged steel crankshafts and forgings having large main bearing journal or crankpin diameters. Covered here are three classes of forgings, which shall be evaluated under two areas of inspection, namely: major critical areas, and minor critical areas. During inspection, magnetic particle indications shall be classified as: surface indications, which include nonmetallic inclusions or stringers, open or twist cracks, flakes, or pipes; open or pinpoint indications; and non-open indications. Procedures for dimpling, depressing, inspection, and product marking are also mentioned.
SCOPE
1.1 This is an acceptance specification for the magnetic particle inspection of forged steel crankshafts having main bearing journals or crankpins 4 in. [200 mm] or larger in diameter.  
1.2 There are three classes, with acceptance standards of increasing severity:  
1.2.1 Class 1.  
1.2.2 Class 2 (originally the sole acceptance standard of this specification).  
1.2.3 Class 3 (formerly covered in Supplementary Requirement S1 of Specification A456 – 64 (1970)).  
1.3 This specification is not intended to cover continuous grain flow crankshafts (see Specification A983/A983M); however, Specification A986/A986M may be used for this purpose.
Note 1: Specification A668/A668M is a product specification which may be used for slab-forged crankshaft forgings that are usually twisted in order to set the crankpin angles, or for barrel forged crankshafts where the crankpins are machined in the appropriate configuration from a cylindrical forging.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch units.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].  
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.  
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm2/s [cSt].
Note 2: Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior ...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The carbon residue value of burner fuel serves as a rough approximation of the tendency of the fuel to form deposits in vaporizing pot-type and sleeve-type burners. Similarly, provided alkyl nitrates are absent (or if present, provided the test is performed on the base fuel without additive) the carbon residue of diesel fuel correlates approximately with combustion chamber deposits.  
5.2 The carbon residue value of motor oil, while at one time regarded as indicative of the amount of carbonaceous deposits a motor oil would form in the combustion chamber of an engine, is now considered to be of doubtful significance due to the presence of additives in many oils. For example, an ash-forming detergent additive may increase the carbon residue value of an oil yet will generally reduce its tendency to form deposits.  
5.3 The carbon residue value of gas oil is useful as a guide in the manufacture of gas from gas oil, while carbon residue values of crude oil residuums, cylinder and bright stocks, are useful in the manufacture of lubricants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative coke-forming propensities. This test method is generally applicable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure. Petroleum products containing ash-forming constituents as determined by Test Method D482 or IP Method 4 will have an erroneously high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed (Note 2 and Note 4).  
Note 1: The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method to designate the carbonaceous residue formed after evaporation and pyrolysis of a petroleum product under the conditions specified in this test method. The residue is not composed entirely of carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its wide common usage.
Note 2: Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D524. Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X1.1), but need not apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test is applied to a wide variety of petroleum products.
Note 3: The test results are equivalent to Test Method D4530, (see Fig. X1.2).
Note 4: In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate causes a higher residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D4046.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Prin...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice shall be used when ultrasonic inspection is required by the order or specification for inspection purposes where the acceptance of the forging is based on limitations of the number, amplitude, or location of discontinuities, or a combination thereof, which give rise to ultrasonic indications.  
4.2 The acceptance criteria shall be clearly stated as order requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice for ultrasonic examination covers turbine and generator steel rotor forgings covered by Specifications A469/A469M, A470/A470M, A768/A768M, and A940/A940M. This practice shall be used for contact testing only.  
1.2 This practice describes a basic procedure of ultrasonically inspecting turbine and generator rotor forgings. It does not restrict the use of other ultrasonic methods such as reference block calibrations when required by the applicable procurement documents nor is it intended to restrict the use of new and improved ultrasonic test equipment and methods as they are developed.  
1.3 This practice is intended to provide a means of inspecting cylindrical forgings so that the inspection sensitivity at the forging center line or bore surface is constant, independent of the forging or bore diameter. To this end, inspection sensitivity multiplication factors have been computed from theoretical analysis, with experimental verification. These are plotted in Fig. 1 (bored rotors) and Fig. 2 (solid rotors), for a true inspection frequency of 2.25 MHz, and an acoustic velocity of 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s]. Means of converting to other sensitivity levels are provided in Fig. 3. (Sensitivity multiplication factors for other frequencies may be derived in accordance with X1.1 and X1.2 of Appendix X1.)  
FIG. 1 Bored Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging bore surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 2 Solid Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging centerline surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 3 Conversion Factors to Be Used in Conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 if a Change in the Reference Reflector Diameter is Required
1.4 Considerable verification data for this method have been generated which indicate that even under controlled conditions very significant uncertainties may exist in estimating natural discontinuities in terms of minimum equivalent size flat-bottom holes. The possibility exists that the estimated minimum areas of natural discontinuities in terms of minimum areas of the comparison flat-bottom holes may differ by 20 dB (factor of 10) in terms of actual areas of natural discontinuities. This magnitude of inaccuracy does not apply to all results but should be recognized as a possibility. Rigid control of the actual frequency used, the coil bandpass width if tuned instruments are used, and so forth, tend to reduce the overall inaccuracy which is apt to develop.  
1.5 This practice for inspection applies to solid cylindrical forgings having outer diameters of not less than 2.5 in. [64 mm] nor greater than 100 in. [2540 mm]. It also applies to cylindrical forgings with concentric cylindrical bores having wall thicknesses of 2.5 [64 mm] in. or greater, within the same outer diameter limits as for solid cylinders. For solid sections less than 15 in. [380 mm] in diameter and for bored cylinders of less than 7.5 in. [190 mm] wall thickness the transducer used for the inspection will be different than the transducer used for larger sections.  
1.6 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel designed for use on ceilings and walls in bath and shower areas as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall consist of a noncombustible water-resistant gypsum core, surfaced with glass mat, partially or completely embedded in the core, and with a water-resistant coating on one surface. The specimens shall be tested for flexural strength, humidified deflection, core hardness, end hardness, edge hardness, nail pull resistance, water resistance, and surface water absorption. Coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel shall have surfaces true and free of imperfections that render the panel unfit for its designed use.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coated glass mat water-resistant gypsum backing panel designed for use on ceilings and walls in bath and shower areas as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method simulates the hydrostatic loading conditions which are often present in actual sandwich structures, such as marine hulls. This test method can be used to compare the two-dimensional flexural stiffness of a sandwich composite made with different combinations of materials or with different fabrication processes. Since it is based on distributed loading rather than concentrated loading, it may also provide more realistic information on the failure mechanisms of sandwich structures loaded in a similar manner. Test data should be useful for design and engineering, material specification, quality assurance, and process development. In addition, data from this test method would be useful in refining predictive mathematical models or computer code for use as structural design tools. Properties that may be obtained from this test method include:  
5.1.1 Panel surface deflection at load,  
5.1.2 Panel face-sheet strain at load,  
5.1.3 Panel bending stiffness,  
5.1.4 Panel shear stiffness,  
5.1.5 Panel strength, and  
5.1.6 Panel failure modes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the two-dimensional flexural properties of sandwich composite plates subjected to a distributed load. The test fixture uses a relatively large square panel sample which is simply supported all around and has the distributed load provided by a water-filled bladder. This type of loading differs from the procedure of Test Method C393, where concentrated loads induce one-dimensional, simple bending in beam specimens.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to composite structures of the sandwich type which involve a relatively thick layer of core material bonded on both faces with an adhesive to thin-face sheets composed of a denser, higher-modulus material, typically, a polymer matrix reinforced with high-modulus fibers.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process with or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen decarburization. All castings shall receive heat treatment followed by quench in water or rapid cool by other means as noted. The steel shall conform to both chemical composition and tensile property requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts (Note 1).  
Note 1: Carbon steel castings for pressure-containing parts are covered by Specification A216/A216M, low-alloy steel castings by Specification A217/A217M, and duplex stainless steel castings by Specification A995/A995M.  
1.2 A number of grades of austenitic steel castings are included in this specification. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service at high temperatures or in corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and high-temperature or corrosion-resistant characteristics, or both.  
1.2.1 Because of thermal instability, Grades CE20N, CF3A, CF3MA, and CF8A are not recommended for service at temperatures above 800 °F [425 °C].  
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The Supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable M-specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets or parentheses.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers SEBS (styrene-ethylenebutylene-styrene)-modified mopping asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roofing systems. This specification is intended as a material specification and issues regarding the suitability of specific roof constructions or application techniques are beyond its scope. The specified tests and property values are intended to establish minimum properties. In place system design criteria or performance attributes are factors beyond the scope of this specification. The base asphalt shall be prepared from crude petroleum and the SEBS-modified asphalt shall incorporate sufficient SEBS as the primary polymeric modifier. The SEBS modified asphalt shall be homogeneous and free of water and shall conform to the prescribed physical properties including (1) softening point before and after heat exposure, (2) softening point change, (3) flash point, (4) penetration before and after heat exposure, (5) penetration change, (6) solubility in trichloroethylene, (7) tensile elongation, (8) elastic recovery, and (9) low temperature flexibility. The sampling and test methods to determine compliance with the specified physical properties, as well as the evaluation for stability during heat exposure are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene)-modified asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roof systems.  
1.2 This specification is intended as a material specification. Issues regarding the suitability of specific roof constructions or application techniques are beyond its scope.  
1.3 The specified tests and property values used to characterize SEBS-modified asphalt are intended to establish minimum properties. In-place system design criteria or performance attributes are factors beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Often the most critical stress to which a sandwich panel core is subjected is shear. The effect of repeated shear stresses on the core material can be very important, particularly in terms of durability under various environmental conditions.  
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of obtaining the sandwich core shear fatigue response. Uses include screening candidate core materials for a specific application, developing a design-specific core shear cyclic stress limit, and core material research and development.
Note 3: This test method may be used as a guide to conduct spectrum loading. This information can be useful in the understanding of fatigue behavior of core under spectrum loading conditions, but is not covered in this standard.  
5.3 Factors that influence core fatigue response and shall therefore be reported include the following: core material, core geometry (density, cell size, orientation, etc.), specimen geometry and associated measurement accuracy, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment, loading procedure, loading frequency, force (stress) ratio and speed of testing (for residual strength tests).
Note 4: If a sandwich panel is tested using the guidance of this standard, the following may also influence the fatigue response and should be reported: facing material, adhesive material, methods of material fabrication, adhesive thickness and adhesive void content. Further, core-to-facing strength may be different between precured/bonded and co-cured facings in sandwich panels with the same core and facing materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the effect of repeated shear forces on core material used in sandwich panels. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb).  
1.2 This test method is limited to test specimens subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either shear stress or applied force may be used as a constant amplitude fatigue variable.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This procedure measures the amount of hydrogen gas generation potential of aluminized emulsion roof coating. There is the possibility of water reacting with aluminum pigment to generate hydrogen gas. This situation is to be avoided, so this test was designed to evaluate coating formulations and assess the propensity to gassing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a hydrogen gas and stability test for aluminum emulsified asphalt coatings.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

RTS/TSGC-0329521vh50

RTS/TSGC-0329523vh70

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-2

RTS/LI-00190-2

RTS/ITS-00190

RTS/TSGR-0436171vf10