Latest Standards, Engineering Specifications, Manuals and Technical Publications

This document is applicable to electrical insulating matting made of flexible insulating material for use as a covering of the surface on which the worker is positioned and for worker´s electrical protection on electrical installations up to 36 000 V AC for AC use or 36 000 V AC and 54 000 V DC for AC/DC use.
NOTE 1 The electric potential of the surface on which the worker is positioned is usually that of earth.
NOTE 2 See 4.2 for maximum use voltage.
NOTE 3 DC only rated matting is not specified in this document.
NOTE 4 This document does not cover the use of insulating blankets (see IEC 61112)

This document a) addresses the support of safety extra low voltage (SELV) and limited power source (LPS) applications that provide remote power over: - 4-pair balanced cabling in accordance with the reference implementations of EN 50173 series using currents per conductor of up to 500 mA; - 1-pair balanced cabling using currents per conductor of up to 2 000 mA; and targets the support of applications that provide remote power over balanced cabling to terminal equipment,  b) covers the transmission and electrical parameters needed to support remote power over balanced cabling, c) covers various installation scenarios and how these may impact the capability of balanced cabling to support remote powering, d) specifies design and configuration of cabling as specified in EN 50173-1. NOTE SELV requirements specify a maximum voltage of 60 V DC and LPS is understood in the applications referenced to be up to 100 W supplied within cabling. This document includes a mathematical model to predict the behaviour of different bundle sizes, various cabling constructions, and installation conditions for different current capacities.

This document specifies the fundamental aspects of semantic interoperability for the S2 interface and the related data exchange between a CEM and the resource managers within the premises. It provides a technology independent set of data models and interaction patterns in order to enable applications for energy management within the premises. This document does not include:
– mappings to concrete data representations (XML, JSON and similar);
– mappings to application protocols for the message passing;
– security related aspects.
This group EE publication is primarily intended to be used as an EE standard for the products mentioned in the scope, but is also intended to be used by TCs in the preparation of publications for products which are included in the boundary mentioned in the scope of this document.

This document specifies the design, testing and marking requirements for spring loaded pressure relief valves (PRV), for use in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders of water capacity of 0,5 l up to and including 150 l.
These PRVs can be either an integral part of a cylinder valve (see EN ISO 14245 [4] and EN ISO 15995 [5]) or a separate device.

This document specifies minimum requirements applicable to design, final assessment, designation, marking and documentation for butterfly valves having metallic bodies for use with all type of pipe end connections (e.g. wafer, lug, flange, butt welding, threaded ends) and used for isolating, regulating or controlling applications.
The PN and Class ranges are:
-   PN 2,5; PN 6; PN 10; PN 16; PN 25; PN 40; PN 63; PN 100; PN 160;
-   Class 150; Class 300; Class 600; Class 900.
The size range is:
-   DN 20; DN 25; DN 32; DN 40; DN 50; DN 65; DN 80; DN 100; DN 125; DN 150; DN 200; DN 250; DN 300; DN 350; DN 400; DN 450; DN 500; DN 600; DN 700; DN 750; DN 800; DN 900; DN 1 000; DN 1 050; DN 1 100; DN 1 200; DN 1 400; DN 1 500; DN 1 600; DN 1 800; DN 2 000; DN 2 200; DN 2 400; DN 2 600; DN 2 800; DN 3 000; DN 3 200; DN 3 400; DN 3 600; DN 3 800; DN 4 000.
DN 750 and DN 1 050 apply only for Class 150 and Class 300.
NOTE   Sizes are listed in Table D.1.
For applications in accordance with the European legislation for pressure equipment, EN 16668:2025 applies together with this document.
For chemical applications, EN 12569:2020 applies together with this document.
For gas distribution systems, EN 13774:2013 applies together with this document.
For gas transport systems, EN 1594:2024 applies together with this document.
For water supply application, EN 1074-2:2000 applies together with this document.
For process control application, EN 1349:2009 applies together with this document.
The correspondence between DN and NPS is given for information in Annex D.

This part of IEC 61000 defines test methods for immunity to voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations at the DC input power port of electrical or electronic equipment.
This document is applicable to equipment and systems whose DC input power ports are intended to be connected to low voltage DC networks external to the equipment and systems.
The object of this document is to establish a common and reproducible basis for testing electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to voltage dips, short interruptions or
voltage variations on DC input power ports.
This document defines:
– the range of test levels;
– the test generator;
– the test set-up;
– the test procedure.
The test described hereinafter applies to electrical and electronic equipment and systems. It also applies to modules or subsystems whenever the equipment under test’s (EUT) rated power is greater than the test generator capacity specified in Clause 6.
The ripple at the DC input power port is not included in the scope of this document. It is covered by IEC 61000-4-17.
This document does not specify the tests to be applied to particular apparatus or systems. Its main aim is to give a general basic reference to IEC product committees. These product committees (or users and manufacturers of equipment) remain responsible for the appropriate choice of the tests and the severity level to be applied to their equipment.

This part of IEC 61851 applies to the EV supply equipment to provide energy transfer between the supply network and electric vehicles (EVs), with a rated maximum voltage at side A (supply network side) up to 1 000 V AC or up to 1 500 V DC and a rated maximum voltage at side B (EV side) up to 1 250 V DC.
NOTE A rated maximum voltage of the EV supply equipment at side B of up to 1 500 V DC is under consideration.
This document specifies the EV supply equipment of megawatt charging system (MCS) equipped with a coupler according to IEC TS 63379. Systems different to MCS using a coupler specified in IEC TS 63379 are under consideration.
The requirements for bidirectional power flow systems are under consideration.
This document does not cover all safety aspects related to maintenance.
This document specifies systems with protective separation between side A and side B.
The requirements for digital communication between the EV supply equipment and the EV for control of energy transfer are defined in ISO 15118-10 and ISO 15118-20.
EV supply equipment in compliance with this document is not intended to provide energy transfer to a single EV using
– multiple vehicle connectors of the same EV supply equipment, or
– multiple EV supply equipment.
The requirements for such use cases are not specified in this document but are under consideration.
The requirements for EVs mated to EV supply equipment according to this document are specified in ISO 5474-3:2024, Annex B.

The scope of this part of IEC 62351 is to facilitate role-based access control (RBAC) for power system management. RBAC assigns human users, automated systems, and software applications (collectively called "subjects" in this document) to specified "roles", and restricts their access to only those resources, which the security policies identify as necessary for their roles.
As electric power systems become more automated and cyber security concerns become more prominent, it is becoming increasingly critical to ensure that access to data (read, write, control, etc.) is restricted. As in many aspects of security, RBAC is not just a technology; it is a way of running a business. RBAC is not a new concept; in fact, it is used by many operating systems to control access to system resources. Specifically, RBAC provides an alternative to the all-ornothing super-user model in which all subjects have access to all data, including control commands.
RBAC is a primary method to meet the security principle of least privilege, which states that no subject should be authorized more permissions than necessary for performing that subject’s task. With RBAC, authorization is separated from authentication. RBAC enables an organization to subdivide super-user capabilities and package them into special user accounts' termed roles for assignment to specific individuals according to their associated duties. This subdivision enables security policies to determine who or what systems are permitted access to which data in other systems. RBAC thus provides a means of reallocating system controls as defined by the organization policy. In particular, RBAC can protect sensitive system operations from inadvertent (or deliberate) actions by unauthorized users. Clearly RBAC is not confined to human users though; it applies equally well to automated systems and software applications, i.e., software parts operating independent of user interactions.
The following interactions are in scope:
– local (direct wired) access to the object by a human user, a local and automated computer agent, or a built-in human machine interface (HMI) or panel;
– remote (via dial-up or wireless media) access to the object by a human user;
– remote (via dial-up or wireless media) access to the object by a remote automated computer agent, e.g., another object at another substation, a distributed energy resource at an enduser’s facility, or a control centre application.
While this document defines a set of mandatory roles to be supported, the exchange format for defined specific or custom roles is also in scope of this document. This is achieved by defining two different encoding approaches to handle the definition of custom roles, either based on specific permissions or based on constraints to existing permissions. The definition on handling custom based roles was started in IEC 62351-90-1 and taken over into the IEC 62351-8:2020. Moreover, additionally to the definition of custom roles based on associated permissions, this document also includes options how to assign permissions to objects in a general way. Referencing documents will provide a mapping to a concrete data model to ensure an interoperability for standard roles used in different data models as well as for custom defined roles. Referencing documents might be standards such as IEC PAS 61850-90-19 or IEC 60870-5-7:2025 or also definitions by an operator.
Out of scope for this document are all topics which are not directly related to the definition of roles and access tokens for local and remote access, especially administrative or organizational tasks, such as:
– definition of usernames and password definitions/policies;
– management of keys and/or key exchange;
– engineering process of roles;
– assignment of roles;
– selection of trusted certification authorities issuing credentials (access tokens);
– defining the tasks of a security officer;
– integrating local policies in RBAC.
NOTE Specifically, the manage

This document specifies calculation methods for determining the required mass flow to be relieved for each specified conditions described in Table 1.
Recommendations for pressure relief devices for cryostats are given in Annex A.

This document specifies additional competence requirements for personnel involved in the audit and certification process for innovation management systems (IMS) and complements the existing requirements of ISO/IEC 17021-1. NOTE This document is applicable to auditing and certification of an IMS based on ISO 56001.

This document specifies procedures for static and cyclic strength tests on lower-limb prostheses (see NOTE 2) which typically produce compound loadings by the application of a single test force. The compound loads in the test sample relate to the peak values of the components of loading which normally occur at different instants during the stance phase of walking. This document specifies Test Ranges (R) by specifying locomotion profiles for the cyclic test in relation to the intended use. According to the concept of the tests of this document, each sample of lower limb prosthetic device or structure submitted for test is, nevertheless, free to develop its individual performance under load. The tests described in this document comprise: principal static and cyclic tests for all components; a separate static test in torsion for all components; separate static and cyclic tests on ankle-foot devices and foot units for all ankle-foot devices as single components including ankle units or ankle attachments and all foot units as single components; a separate static ultimate strength test in maximum knee flexion on knee joints and associated parts for all knee units or knee-shin-assemblies and adjacent components that normally provide the flexion stop on a complete prosthesis; optional separate tests on knee locks for all mechanisms which lock the knee joint in the extended position of the knee unit or knee-shin-assembly. The tests described in this document apply to specific types of ankle-disarticulation prostheses (see NOTE 2), to transtibial (below-knee), knee-disarticulation and transfemoral (above-knee) prostheses and to the distal (lower) part of hip-disarticulation and hemi-pelvectomy prostheses (see NOTE 3). The test geometry described in this standard is only intended to be used up to a level of 150 mm above the knee-joint centre. This document is suitable for the assessment of the conformity of lower limb prosthetic devices or structures with the strength requirements specified in ISO 22523:2006, 4.4 (see NOTE 1). Lower limb prosthetic devices or structures on the market, which have demonstrated their compliance with the strength requirements specified in ISO 22523:2006, 4.4 through submission to the relevant tests of ISO 22523:2006, need not be retested to this document. NOTE 1 The tests can be performed on complete structures, on part structures or on individual components. NOTE 2 The tests only apply to ankle-disarticulation prostheses which include (foot) components of prosthetic ankle-foot devices taken from the normal production line. NOTE 3 The distal part comprises the knee unit, the ankle-foot device and all parts between. Tests on hip units are described in ISO 15032.

This document specifies a method to determine the moisture content of aluminium ores. It applies to the samples taken from bulk aluminium ores, e.g. shipments and stockpiles.

This document specifies the acceptable quantitative and qualitative microbiological limits in finished cosmetic products. It is applicable to all cosmetics, and assists interested parties in the assessment of the microbiological quality of cosmetic products.

This document gives guidance on the sample preparation of milk and milk products for physical and chemical analysis, including analysis by applying instrumental methods. This document specifies the (sub)sampling and sample preparation steps carried out after sampling in accordance with ISO 707 | IDF 50 [1] and prior to method-specific sample preparations (e.g. as with analytical methods). NOTE Analysis on volatile substances, minor components or allergens can require additional precautionary measures in sample preparation in order to avoid loss of or contamination with one or more target analytes.

This document provides considerations on the planning and execution of verification and validation (V&V) of the cybersecurity of items and components of road vehicles, in the context of ISO/SAE 21434.

This document specifies: the classification and selection criteria applicable to refrigerating systems; safety requirements for the installation site of refrigerating systems and their ancillary components. These classification and selection criteria are used in ISO 5149-2 and ISO 5149-4. This document is applicable to: refrigerating systems, stationary or mobile, of all sizes, except vehicle air conditioning systems covered by a specific product standard, e.g. ISO 13043 and SAE J 639; secondary cooling or heating systems; the location of the refrigerating systems; parts replaced and components added after publication of this document if they are not identical in function and in capacity. This document is applicable: to new refrigerating systems, extensions or modifications of already existing systems; for used systems, being transferred to and operated on another site; in the case of the conversion of a system for another refrigerant. This document is only applicable to systems containing refrigerants which have a safety group classification and are listed in ISO 817.

This document specifies the design, construction and installation of refrigerating systems, including piping, components, materials and ancillary equipment directly associated with such systems, which are not covered in ISO 5149-1, ISO 5149-3, or ISO 5149-4. It also specifies requirements for testing, commissioning, marking and documentation. Requirements for secondary heat-transfer circuits are excluded except for any safety devices associated with the refrigerating system. This document is applicable to new refrigerating systems, extensions or modifications of already existing systems, and for used systems, being transferred to and operated on another site. This document is applicable to: refrigerating systems, stationary or mobile, of all sizes, except vehicle air conditioning systems covered by a specific product standard; NOTE Example of specific product standard is ISO 13043 and SAE J 639. secondary cooling or heating systems; the location of the refrigerating systems; replaced parts and added components after the adoption of this document, if they are not identical in function and in capacity; the conversion of a system for another refrigerant. This document does not apply to goods in storage, with respect to spoilage or contamination.

This document defines terms used in the specification, design, manufacture, construction, installation, commissioning, maintenance and decommissioning of refrigerating systems with regard to safety and environmental requirements. The term "refrigerating systems" includes heat pumps and air conditioners.

IEC 60747-14-12:2026 specifies the performance test methods for CMOS imager-based gas sensors. It includes the terms and definitions, the test environmental conditions, the test system, the test methods, and the test report. This document is applicable to the performance test of both CMOS gas sensors based on lens-free imaging and CMOS gas sensors based on lens imaging.

IEC 61800-9-1:2026 specifies the general methodology to energy efficiency standardization for any extended product by using the guidance of the extended product approach (EPA). It enables product committees for driven equipment connected to motor systems (so called extended products) to interface with the relative power losses of the connected motor system (e.g. power drive system) in order to calculate the system energy efficiency for the whole application. This is based on specified calculation models for speed/load profiles, the duty profiles and relative power losses of appropriate torque versus speed operating points. This document is applicable to motor systems operated by a motor starter or by a converter (power drive system). This document does not specify requirements for environmental impact declarations. Power drive systems designed to drive DC motors are not included in the scope of this document. This document is a group energy efficiency publication as defined in IEC Guide 118 with the energy efficiency function to establish a clear and simple system methodology for the comparison of the energy performance of motor systems to help product and system improvement.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of Annex D - Examples of indexing and evaluation of energy consumption;
b) correction of errors of symbols in several formulas and tables.

IEC 62899-202-13:2026 specifies a test pattern as well as resistance and thickness measurement methods for the conductive layer in printed and in-mould-electronics.

IEC 60704-2-7:2026 applies to electrical fans (including their accessories and their component parts) for household and similar use, designed for AC or DC supply.
The motor, the impeller and their housing, if any, form a single unit.
These particular requirements apply to:
– comfort fans (conventional and bladeless),
– table fans,
– pedestal fans,
– ceiling fans,
– wall bracket fans,
– ceiling bracket fans,
– louvre fans,
– tower fans,
– handheld fans,
– neckband fans,
– embedded fans,
– ventilating fans.
This document does not apply to:
– fans that are part of a central ventilation system,
– fans that are part of an appliance (for example cooling fans),
– fans with additional functions (for example heating, humidifying).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alignment with IEC 60704-1:2021;
b) scope has been expanded to handheld, neckband and embedded fans;
c) positioning and mounting have been reworked;
d) test concept of partition ventilating fans has changed to measure both inlet and outlet side together.
This Part 2-7 is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60704-1:2021, Household and similar electrical appliances - Test code for the determination of airborne acoustical noise - Part 1: General requirements.

IEC 60704-2-8:2026 applies to electric shavers, hair clippers or trimmers for domestic and similar use. This document does not apply to shavers, hair clippers or trimmers that are powered by means other than electrical, for example by a spring-device. If possible, this document can also be applied to analogous electrically operated devices, such as depilating devices. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alignment with IEC 60704-1:2021;
b) stabilizing period and check of the battery status has been redefined;
c) position of the appliance during test has been redefined.
This Part 2-8 is intended to be used in conjunction with fourth edition of IEC 60704-1:2021, Household and similar electrical appliances - Test code for the determination of airborne acoustical noise - Part 1: General requirements.

IEC 60728-103:2026 specifies the measuring methods, performance requirements and data publication requirements for active wideband equipment of cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services with digital signals only.
This document:
- applies to all amplifiers used in cable networks;
- covers the frequency range 5 MHz to 3 000 MHz;
NOTE The upper limit of 3 000 MHz is an example, but not a strict value.
- applies to one-way and two-way equipment;
- specifies the basic methods of measurement of the operational characteristics of the active equipment in order to assess the performance of this equipment;
- identifies the performance specifications to be published by the manufacturers;
- states the minimum performance requirements of certain parameters.
While IEC 60728-3:2017 has served as a basis for its development, this document describes the methods of measurement for digital modulated signals only. It also covers the Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) 4.0 requirements with additional digital modulation schemes as well as for the extended frequency ranges:
- up to 1 794 MHz for the forward path;
- up to 684 MHz for the return path.
IEC 60728-3:2017, fifth edition, has served as a basis for the development of this document.

IEC 60598-2-24:2026 specifies requirements for luminaires for which limited surface temperatures are provided to counteract risks from combustible dusts (conductive or non‑conductive) or ignition of materials that can be deposited on luminaires. The luminaires are for use with electric light sources on supply voltages not exceeding 1 000 V. This document specifically excludes requirements for luminaires for use in explosive gas atmospheres and explosive dust atmospheres. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the clause numbers and structure have been aligned with those of IEC 60598‑1;
b) improved terms and definitions;
c) more detailed classification of luminaires;
d) indication of luminaire mounting positions and use locations;
e) thermal protection of built-in controlgear and other built-in devices required.

REN/HF-00301561

IEC TS 63498:2026 harmonizes the requirements and criteria for Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and specifies KPIs of energy efficiency for entire electric railway system and its subsystems such as trains, contact lines, substations, both single and combined, clarifying the boundaries to be considered. This document applies to entire electric railway systems including non-traction loads.
The purposes are:
a) to determine and to trace the energy efficiency for a specific railway system;
b) to enable comparability between the different electric railway systems (on overall system level) by means of harmonized KPIs and system boundaries concerning energy efficiency;
c) to overview the characteristics of the electric railway system on an overall level with the structure of the electric railway system (including type, hierarchy and number of substations) and the KPIs (including the ranking) for transportation quality;
d) identification of the key impacts for energy efficiency as there are system flexibility, system functions and system features as basic characteristics for the entire electric railway system;
e) definition of harmonized processes and procedures for the simulation or calculation and validation of the system specific energy consumption (including energy feedback);
f) presenting the related and referenced standards and regulations for the electric railway system and its subsystems and their possible contribution to the overall target of the energy efficiency.

IEC 62920:2026 specifies electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements for power conversion equipment (PCE) (e.g. DC to DC, DC to AC and AC to DC) for use in photovoltaic (PV) power systems with or without electrical energy storage devices.
PCE covered by this document can be grid-interactive, which is termed as a grid connected power converter (GCPC), or stand-alone. It can be supplied by single or multiple photovoltaic modules grouped in various array configurations. The PCE can be intended for use in conjunction with batteries or other forms of energy storage and therefore a uni-or bidirectional.
This document covers not only PCE connected to a public low voltage AC mains network or other low voltage AC mains installation, but also PCE connected to a medium or high voltage AC network with or without step-down power transformers. Requirements for the PCE connected to a medium or high voltage AC network are specified in this document. However, some requirements relevant to grid interconnection are addressed with other standards specifying power quality or their own grid codes in some countries.
This document provides test methods and test conditions for PCE at a test site, but not for photovoltaic modules and other balance of system components.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2017 and Amendment 1:2021. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) PCE with radio functionality is added in the scope;
b) operating conditions for tests are revised to cover wired and wireless communications;
c) immunity requirements for antenna ports are added;
d) the surge test is added in the immunity requirements for wired and wireless network ports of class B PCE;
e) performance criteria are revised to cover wired and wireless communications;
f) current limits are added in the table of disturbance limits at the DC power port for class A PCE to cover requirements of the measurement of common mode current when artificial networks are used as voltage probes;
g) limits of conducted common mode disturbance at the antenna port are added;
h) conditional measurement methods and limits of conducted common mode (asymmetric mode) disturbance at ports other than power ports are added;
electromagnetic radiation disturbance limits above 1 GHz are added;
i) an annex for the rational conditional measurement methods and limits of conducted common mode (asymmetric mode) disturbance at ports other than power ports is added.

NOTE Throughout this standard, the abbreviation ACS (ASSEMBLY for construction site, see 3.1.101) is used for a low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assembly intended for use on construction and similar sites. This part of 61439 defines the specific requirements of ACS as follows: - ASSEMBLIES for which the rated voltage does not exceed 1 000 V in case of AC or 1 500 V in case of DC; - ASSEMBLIES where the nominal primary voltage and the nominal secondary voltage of transformers incorporated in ACS are within the limits specified above; - ASSEMBLIES intended for use on construction sites, both indoors and outdoors, i.e. temporary places of work to which the public do not generally have access and where building construction, installation, repairs, alteration or demolition of property (buildings) or civil engineering (public works) or excavation or any other similar operations are carried out; - transportable (semi-fixed) or mobile ASSEMBLIES with enclosure. The manufacture and/or assembly may be carried out other than by the original manufacturer. This standard does not apply to individual devices and self-contained components, such as motor starters, fuse switches, electronic equipment, etc. which will comply with the relevant product standards. This standard does not apply to ASSEMBLIES for use in the administrative centres of construction sites (offices, cloakrooms, ASSEMBLY rooms, canteens, restaurants, dormitories, toilets, etc.). Requirements for electrical protection provided by equipment manufactured according to this International Standard are given in IEC 60364-7-704.

IEC 60115-8-10:2026 is applicable to the drafting of detail specifications for surface mount (SMD) low-power film resistors, classified to level G, based on the definition of the product classification levels in IEC 60115‑1:2020, 3.4. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition IEC 60115‑8‑1:2014: a) it supports solderability testing for both traditional lead-bearing soldering and up-to-date lead-free soldering, as required; b) it supports the provision of detailed visual acceptance criteria; c) it includes the requirement for a visual examination of the primary and proximity packaging; d) it provides for the inclusion of specific visual acceptance criteria, to be applied in addition to those given in Annex B of the sectional specification IEC 60115‑8:2023.

This part of IEC 60695 summarises the test methods that are used in the assessment of the corrosivity of fire effluent. It presents a brief summary of test methods in common use, either as international standards, national or industry standards. It includes special observations on their relevance, for electrotechnical products and their materials, to real fire scenarios and gives recommendations on their use.

This document defines the general terms and the calculations used to determine the thermohydraulic performance of heat exchangers. It includes the general test procedure and related theories.
This document is intended to be used for acceptance-testing heat exchangers in test facilities such as laboratories, manufacturer test facilities and final installation site.
This document specifies three acceptance levels:
—   level 1 for minimum tolerances;
—   level 2 for nominal tolerances;
—   level 3 for maximum tolerances;
This document constitutes an application-specific standard in line with EN 305 and EN 306.

This document specifies two methods for the determination of the tear strength of flexible cellular polymeric materials:
Method A, using a trouser test piece;
Method B, using an angle test piece without a nick.

This document defines the terms and specifies the requirements, means of categorization, test methods, minimum labelling requirements and instructions for use of the article, for ignition devices (except ignition devices for pyrotechnic articles for vehicles) of the following generic types:
-   igniters;
-   components for pyrotechnic trains;
-   pyrotechnic cords and fuses;
-   delay fuses;
-   fuzes.
NOTE   Safety fuses are subject to Directive 2014/28/EU [9] and therefore not considered in this document.

This document provides complementary product category rules (c-PCR) for Type III environmental product declarations (EPD) for flat glass and channel shaped glass products for use in buildings and construction works. It describes stages of product’s life cycle considered in the EPD and the processes included in life cycle stages.
Glass-block products are excluded from the scope. All other glass products i.e. intermediate and finished products, intended to be used in buildings and construction works, are in the scope of this document.
Examples of glass products covered by this c-PCR are listed in Annex H.

This document specifies the safety requirements relevant to load-handling functions for rough-terrain variable reach tractors (RTVR tractors). This includes the safety requirements for their permanently mounted equipment (PME).
Fork arms are considered to be part of the PME. RTVR tractors can also be equipped with a variety of attachments (e.g. bale spikes, mowers, sweepers).
This document deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the operation of the PME of RTVR tractors when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A).
This document does not apply to:
—   rough-terrain variable-reach trucks covered by EN 1459 1:2025;
—   slewing rough-terrain variable-reach trucks covered by EN 1459 2:2015+A1:2018;
—   industrial variable reach trucks covered by EN ISO 3691 2:2023;
—   lorry-mounted variable-reach trucks covered by ISO 20297 1:2017;
—   RTVR tractors fitted with tilting or elevating operator position;
—   mobile cranes covered by EN 13000:2010+A1:2014;
—   machines designed primarily for earth moving, even if their buckets and blades are replaced with forks (see the EN 474 series);
—   RTVR tractors designed primarily with variable length load suspension elements (e.g. chain, ropes) from which the load can swing freely in all directions;
—   RTVR tractors designed primarily for container handling;
—   RTVR tractors on tracks;
—   RTVR tractors with articulated chassis;
—   front loaders covered by EN 12525:2000+A2:2010;
—   attachments.
Determination and declaration of sound power level is not addressed by this document.
This document does not cover sales literature.
Consistency of single lever (if fitted) and movement of the RTVR tractor when travelling in the forward direction is not covered by this document.
This document does not address hazards linked to:
—   operation of the RTVR tractor from a position other than the normal operating position or the remote control;
—   gas power systems;
—   gasoline engine systems.
This document does not address hazards which can occur:
a)   when handling suspended loads which can swing freely (additional requirements are given in EN 1459 4:2020+A1:2025);
b)   when using RTVR tractors on public roads;
c)   when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres (additional requirements are given in EN 1755:2024);
d)   when operating underground;
e)   when towing trailers;
f)   when fitted with a personnel work platform (additional requirements are given in EN 1459 3:2015 and EN 1459 9:2021);
g)   when using system capable of controlling the speed of the RTVR tractor as set by the operator (cruise-control).
This document does not provide a method of calculation for fatigue and strength of material.
This document is not applicable to RTVR tractors manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document provides a privacy framework which:
— specifies a common privacy terminology;
— defines the actors and their roles in processing personally identifiable information (PII);
— describes privacy safeguarding considerations;
— provides references to known privacy principles for information technology.
This document is applicable to natural persons and organizations involved in specifying, procuring, architecting, designing, developing, testing, maintaining, administering, and operating information and communication technology systems or services where privacy controls are required for the processing of PII

This document provides a method of describing the materials, impregnates and lubricants for various types of yarn and ribbon based packings intended for use as gland seals in mechanical equipment such as pumps, mixers, etc. This document is intended to serve as a guide for packing manufacturers, pump OEM’s and end users. It does not include similar products intended for other duties such as thermal insulation.
Guidance is also given regarding dimensional and physical quality aspects of the packings and requirements for packaging and marking.
Tests are specified for the determination of lubricant content, size and mass.
NOTE 1   The information supplied by the purchaser at the time of enquiry and/or order is given in Annex B.
NOTE 2   All packings are free from introduced asbestos fibres in conformance with Annex XVII of REACH.

This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to hand-held or hand-operated laser processing machines (HLMs), when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. HLM is the machine, as defined in ISO 11553-1:2020, 3.7, in which laser radiation is generated, where the laser provides sufficient energy/power to cause a phase transition in a part of the workpiece and where the laser output or workpiece to be processed is guided manually or hand-held during the laser material processing.
This document defines general design requirements of HLM. HLM includes the laser device, beam-guiding device (e.g. mirror, fibre, lenses), beam-shaping device (e.g. telescope, focusing), and controls. The laser assembly as an integral part of the HLM or only the laser processing head is hand-held or hand-operated during the laser material processing.
This document does not apply
to laser processing machines which are remotely controlled by a manual controller (hand-operated controller), such as joy sticks, keyboard, etc., without touching a workpiece or a part mechanically connected with the laser material processing head by using the hand(s) of the operator (user)
to laser processing machines without a drive system which may not belong to machinery. And the laser processing apparatus without moving parts, which may not be considered as machinery in “Type C standard”.
to medical or cosmetic applications for the treatment of living human or animal tissue;
to weapon applications, (e.g. such as with regard to military applications, direct close combat.)
NOTE            “hand-operated laser processing machine” is synonymous with “hand-guided laser processing machine” in this document. Hand-operated laser processing machines often use manual force reduction means such as wheels, supports, etc., for manual positioning of the laser processing heads or the workpieces.
It is applicable to HLMs using laser radiation to process materials.
The purpose of this document is to draw attention to the hazards related to HLMs and to prevent personal injury. Depending on the application and the location/operating conditions of HLMs, a number of different significant hazards can arise. This document describes both the areas of hazards analysis and risk assessment as well as protective measures.
Requirements dealing with noise as a hazard are covered by ISO 11553-3:2013.
This document does not apply to laser products or equipment manufactured solely or expressly for applications which are excluded from the Scope of ISO 11553-1:2020. This document is not applicable for HLMs which have been manufactured before the date of publication of this standard.
HLMs include the following types:
HLMs which are designed as all-in-one laser assembly including the beam delivery/forming(shaping) system and optional features such as gas nozzles, material (e.g. powder, wire) feed system;
HLMs where the relevant devices are connected by a beam guidance system (e.g. optical fibre) and power/control cables to an external laser assembly device and which includes only the beam delivery/forming(shaping) system and optional features such as gas nozzles, material (e.g. powder, wire) feed system;
laser processing machines where the workpiece is manually moved under/relative to the laser beam (see informative Annex A).
The intended use of HLMs covers both:
movement of elements or workpieces by hand to be processed under/relatively to stationary laser beams as shielded , and
movement of the laser processing head (beam shaping device) by hand to move laser beam(s) over or relative to elements or workpieces to be processed.
Laser processing machines, where la

This document specifies the design, testing and marking requirements for spring loaded pressure relief valves (PRV), for use in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders of water capacity of 0,5 l up to and including 150 l.
These PRVs can be either an integral part of a cylinder valve (see EN ISO 14245 [4] and EN ISO 15995 [5]) or a separate device.

This document establishes commonly accepted control objectives, controls and guidelines for implementing measures to protect personally identifiable information (PII) in line with the privacy principles in ISO/IEC 29100 for the public cloud computing environment.
In particular, this document specifies guidelines based on ISO/IEC 27002:2022, taking into consideration the regulatory requirements for the protection of PII which can be applicable within the context of the information security risk environment(s) of a provider of public cloud services. This document is applicable to all types and sizes of organizations, including public and private companies, government entities and not-for-profit organizations, which provide information processing services as PII processors via cloud computing under contract to other organizations.
The guidelines in this document can also be relevant to organizations acting as PII controllers.

This part of IEC 61076 specifies circular connectors with bayonet locking size B12, B17, B23 and B40, typically used for power, signal and data transmissions in industrial applications.
These connectors consist of fixed and free connectors either rewirable or non-rewirable.
NOTE B indicates that the connector is equipped with bayonet locking, while 12, 17, 23, 40 are the approximate dimensions in millimetres of the contact carrier diameter of these circular connectors.
Power contacts of male connectors are round contacts with Ø 1 mm, Ø 1,5 mm, Ø 1,8 mm, Ø 2,25 mm and Ø 4 mm, with current ratings up to 64 A per pole and rated voltage of 50 V, 300 V or 600 V AC/DC. Power contact groups are classified by type and identified throughout this document as “P” followed by two digits “01” through “09” (see 4.3, Table 1).
Signal contacts of male connectors are round contacts with Ø 1 mm and Ø 1,8 mm, with current ratings up to 20 A per pole and rated voltage of 50 V AC/DC. Signal contact groups are classified by type and identified throughout this document as “S” followed by “0”, “1”, or “2” (see 4.3, Table 2).
Male data contacts are round with Ø 0,8 mm and Ø 1 mm, with current ratings up to 4 A and rated voltage of 50 V AC/DC, Data modules are classified by type and identified throughout this document as “D” followed by “1”, or “2” (see 4.3, Table 3). D1 modules provide data transmission with frequencies from 1 MHz to 100 MHz; D2 modules provide data transmission with frequencies from 0,1 MHz to 600 MHz.
Besides the size of their bayonet locking (B12, B17, B23 or B40), connectors according to this document can be identified by data module (D) and complementing power (P) and signal (S) contact groups and optionally by number of poles, and finally by their application.
These connectors are designated for two main target applications, which differ as follows:
– Application A is for data transmission with power over data.
– Application B is for data transmission without power over data.
Connectors with power, signal and data contacts of the same gender are intended to also transmit power over the data contacts (application A), while connectors with data contacts not of the same gender of power and signal contacts are not intended to transmit power over the data contacts (application B).
The codings provided by this document prevent the mating to any other connector with similarly sized interfaces covered by this document.

RTBR/SMG-0019R1

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-1

DEN/ERM-TG28-561

The present document specifies technical requirements, limits and test methods for Short Range Devices in the non-
specific category operating in the frequency range 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz.
The non specific SRD category is defined by the EU Commission Decision 2019/1345/EU [i.3] as:
"The non-specific short-range device category covers all kinds of radio devices, regardless of the application or the
purpose, which fulfil the technical conditions as specified for a given frequency band. Typical uses include telemetry,
telecommand, alarms, data transmissions in general and other applications".
These radio equipment types are capable of transmitting up to 500 mW effective radiated power and operating indoor or
outdoor.
NOTE: The relationship between the present document and the essential requirements of article 3.2 of
Directive 2014/53/EU [i.2] is given in Annex A

REN/MSG-TFES-15-3

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Since the information provided by this test method is largely qualitative in nature, specific limits covering the following characteristics are required in referring to this test method in specifications for kerosene:  
5.1.1 Duration of the test: 16 h is understood, if not otherwise specified;  
5.1.2 Permissible change in flame shape and dimensions during the test;  
5.1.3 Description of the acceptable appearance of the chimney deposit.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of the burning properties of kerosene to be used for illuminating purposes. (Warning—Combustible. Vapor harmful.)
Note 1: The corresponding Energy Institute (IP) test method is IP 10 which features a quantitative evaluation of the wick-char-forming tendencies of the kerosene, whereas Test Method D187 features a qualitative performance evaluation of the kerosene. Both test methods subject the kerosene to somewhat more severe operating conditions than would be experienced in typical designated applications.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements appear throughout the test method.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The force required to separate a metallic coating from its plastic substrate is determined by the interaction of several factors: the generic type and quality of the plastic molding compound, the molding process, the process used to prepare the substrate for electroplating, and the thickness and mechanical properties of the metallic coating. By holding all others constant, the effect on the peel strength by a change in any one of the above listed factors may be noted. Routine use of the test in a production operation can detect changes in any of the above listed factors.  
4.2 The peel test values do not directly correlate to the adhesion of metallic coatings on the actual product.  
4.3 When the peel test is used to monitor the coating process, a large number of plaques should be molded at one time from a same batch of molding compound used in the production moldings to minimize the effects on the measurements of variations in the plastic and the molding process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method gives two procedures for measuring the force required to peel a metallic coating from a plastic substrate.2 One procedure (Procedure A) utilizes a universal testing machine and yields reproducible measurements that can be used in research and development, in quality control and product acceptance, in the description of material and process characteristics, and in communications. The other procedure (Procedure B) utilizes an indicating force instrument that is less accurate and that is sensitive to operator technique. It is suitable for process control use.  
1.2 The tests are performed on standard molded plaques. This method does not cover the testing of production electroplated parts.  
1.3 The tests do not necessarily measure the adhesion of a metallic coating to a plastic substrate because in properly prepared test specimens, separation usually occurs in the plastic just beneath the coating-substrate interface rather than at the interface. It does, however, reflect the degree that the process is controlled.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the testing and requirements for two types and two classes of asbestos-free asphalt roof cement consisting of an asphalt base, volatile petroleum solvents, and mineral and/or other stabilizers, mixed to a smooth, uniform consistency suitable for trowel application to roofing and flashing. Type I is made from asphalts characterized as self-healing, adhesive, and ductile, while Type II is made from asphalt characterized by high softening point and relatively low ductility. Class I is used for application to essentially dry surfaces, while Class II is used for application to damp, wet, or underwater surfaces. The roof cements shall comply with composition limits for water, nonvolatile matter, mineral and/or other stabilizers, and bitumen (asphalt). They shall also meet physical requirements such as uniformity, workability, and pliability and behavior at given temperatures.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asbestos-free asphalt roof cement suitable for trowel application to roofings and flashings.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].  
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.  
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm2/s [cSt].
Note 2: Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior ...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is useful as a screening basis for acceptance or rejection of transparencies during manufacturing so that units with identifiable flaws will not be carried to final inspection for rejection at that time.  
4.2 This practice may also be employed as a go-no go technique for acceptance or rejection of the finished product.  
4.3 This practice is simple, inexpensive, and effective. Flaws identified by this practice, as with other optical methods, are limited to those that produce temperature gradients when electrically powered. Any other type of flaw, such as minor scratches parallel to the direction of electrical flow, are not detectable.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a standard procedure for detecting flaws in the conductive coating (heater element) by the observation of polarized light patterns.  
1.2 This practice applies to coatings on surfaces of monolithic transparencies as well as to coatings imbedded in laminated structures.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers grades of fuel oil intended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning equipment under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades include the following: Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 2 S5000, and No. 2 S500 for use in domestic and small industrial burners; Grades No. 1 S5000 and No. 1 S500 adapted to vaporizing type burners or where storage conditions require low pour point fuel; Grades No. 4 (Light) and No. 4 (Heavy) for use in commercial/industrial burners; and Grades No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6 for use in industrial burners. Preheating is usually required for handling and proper atomization. The grades of fuel oil shall be homogeneous hydrocarbon oils, free from inorganic acid, and free from excessive amounts of solid or fibrous foreign matter. Grades containing residual components shall remain uniform in normal storage and not separate by gravity into light and heavy oil components outside the viscosity limits for the grade. The grades of fuel oil shall conform to the limiting requirements prescribed for: (1) flash point, (2) water and sediment, (3) physical distillation or simulated distillation, (4) kinematic viscosity, (5) Ramsbottom carbon residue, (6) ash, (7) sulfur, (8) copper strip corrosion, (9) density, and (10) pour point. The test methods for determining conformance to the specified properties are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification (see Note 1) covers grades of fuel oil intended for use in various types of fuel-oil-burning equipment under various climatic and operating conditions. These grades are described as follows:  
1.1.1 Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, No. 1 S15, No. 2 S5000, No. 2 S500, and No. 2 S15 are middle distillate fuels for use in domestic and small industrial burners. Grades No. 1 S5000, No. 1 S500, and No. 1 S15 are particularly adapted to vaporizing type burners or where storage conditions require low pour point fuel.  
1.1.2 Grades B6–B20 S5000, B6–B20 S500, and B6–B20 S15 are middle distillate fuel/biodiesel blends for use in domestic and small industrial burners.  
1.1.3 Grades No. 4 (Light) and No. 4 are heavy distillate fuels or middle distillate/residual fuel blends used in commercial/industrial burners equipped for this viscosity range.  
1.1.4 Grades No. 5 (Light), No. 5 (Heavy), and No. 6 are residual fuels of increasing viscosity and boiling range, used in industrial burners. Preheating is usually required for handling and proper atomization.  
Note 1: For information on the significance of the terminology and test methods used in this specification, see Appendix X1.
Note 2: A more detailed description of the grades of fuel oils is given in X1.3.  
1.2 This specification is for the use of purchasing agencies in formulating specifications to be included in contracts for purchases of fuel oils and for the guidance of consumers of fuel oils in the selection of the grades most suitable for their needs.  
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which can be more restrictive.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4.1 Non-SI units are provided in Table 1 and Table 2 and in 7.1.2.1/7.1.2.2 because these are common units used in the industry.
Note 3: The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate burner fuel oils. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the physical requirements and testing of three types of lap cement for use with asphalt roll roofing. Type I is a brushing consistency lap cement intended for use in the exposed-nailing method of roll roofing application, and contains no mineral or other stabilizers. This type is further divided into two grades, as follows: Grade 1, which is made with an air-blown asphalt; and Grade 2, which is made with a vacuum-reduced or steam-refined asphalt. Both Types II and III, on the other hand, are heavy brushing or light troweling consistency lap cement intended for use in the concealed-nailing method of roll roofing application, only that Type II cement contains a quantity of short-fibered asbestos, while Type III cement contains a quantity of mineral or other stabilizers, or both, but contains no asbestos. The lap cements shall be sampled for testing, and shall adhere to specified values of the following properties: water content; distillation (total distillate at given temperatures); softening point of residue; solubility in trichloroethylene; and strength at indicated age.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lap cement consisting of asphalt dissolved in a volatile petroleum solvent with or without mineral or other stabilizers, or both, for use with roll roofing. The fibered version of these cements excludes the use of asbestos fibers.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat applies only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The carbon residue value of burner fuel serves as a rough approximation of the tendency of the fuel to form deposits in vaporizing pot-type and sleeve-type burners. Similarly, provided alkyl nitrates are absent (or if present, provided the test is performed on the base fuel without additive) the carbon residue of diesel fuel correlates approximately with combustion chamber deposits.  
5.2 The carbon residue value of motor oil, while at one time regarded as indicative of the amount of carbonaceous deposits a motor oil would form in the combustion chamber of an engine, is now considered to be of doubtful significance due to the presence of additives in many oils. For example, an ash-forming detergent additive may increase the carbon residue value of an oil yet will generally reduce its tendency to form deposits.  
5.3 The carbon residue value of gas oil is useful as a guide in the manufacture of gas from gas oil, while carbon residue values of crude oil residuums, cylinder and bright stocks, are useful in the manufacture of lubricants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative coke-forming propensities. This test method is generally applicable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure. Petroleum products containing ash-forming constituents as determined by Test Method D482 or IP Method 4 will have an erroneously high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed (Note 2 and Note 4).  
Note 1: The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method to designate the carbonaceous residue formed after evaporation and pyrolysis of a petroleum product under the conditions specified in this test method. The residue is not composed entirely of carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its wide common usage.
Note 2: Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D524. Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X1.1), but need not apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test is applied to a wide variety of petroleum products.
Note 3: The test results are equivalent to Test Method D4530, (see Fig. X1.2).
Note 4: In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate causes a higher residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D4046.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Prin...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The edgewise compressive strength of short sandwich construction specimens provides a basis for judging the load-carrying capacity of the construction in terms of developed facing stress.  
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of obtaining sandwich edgewise compressive strengths for panel design properties, material specifications, research and development applications, and quality assurance.  
5.3 The reporting section requires items that tend to influence edgewise compressive strength to be reported; these include materials, fabrication method, facesheet lay-up orientation (if composite), core orientation, results of any nondestructive inspections, specimen preparation, test equipment details, specimen dimensions and associated measurement accuracy, environmental conditions, speed of testing, failure mode, and failure location.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the compressive properties of structural sandwich construction in a direction parallel to the sandwich facing plane. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb).  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process with or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen decarburization. All castings shall receive heat treatment followed by quench in water or rapid cool by other means as noted. The steel shall conform to both chemical composition and tensile property requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts (Note 1).  
Note 1: Carbon steel castings for pressure-containing parts are covered by Specification A216/A216M, low-alloy steel castings by Specification A217/A217M, and duplex stainless steel castings by Specification A995/A995M.  
1.2 A number of grades of austenitic steel castings are included in this specification. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service at high temperatures or in corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and high-temperature or corrosion-resistant characteristics, or both.  
1.2.1 Because of thermal instability, Grades CE20N, CF3A, CF3MA, and CF8A are not recommended for service at temperatures above 800 °F [425 °C].  
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The Supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable M-specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets or parentheses.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

RTS/TSGC-0329523vh70

RTS/TSGC-0329521vh50

DEN/ERM-TGAERO-31-2

RTS/LI-00190-2