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This document specifies a method for the measurement of focal spot sizes within the range of 5 µm to 300 µm of X-ray systems up to and including 225 kV tube voltage. This determination is based on the evaluation of an image with a dedicated focal spot that has been radiographically recorded using an edge and evaluated with a digital method.
The imaging quality and the resolution of X-ray images depend highly on the characteristics of the effective focal spot, in particular its size and the two-dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the detector plane.
For the characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (i.e. for advertising or trade), the nominal values of Annex A are preferred.
NOTE            The same procedure can be used at higher kilovoltages by agreement but the accuracy of the measurement can be poorer.

This document specifies a method for the determination of organically bound halogens fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine which are adsorbable on activated carbon. Adsorption takes place on activated carbon packed in columns. The method is applicable for the determination of: ≥ 2 µg/l AOF, expressed as F; ≥ 10 µg/l AOCl, expressed as Cl; ≥ 1 µg/l AOBr, expressed as Br; ≥ 1 µg/l AOI, expressed as I. The method is applicable for the determination of adsorbable organically bound fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine in water, e.g. in groundwater, surface water, bank filtrate, drinking water, aqueous eluates, cooling water and wastewater. The working range is limited by the capacity of the activated carbon, the process blank and the capacity of the chromatographic separation column. Sample dilution into the working range can be required. The range of application can be extended to lower concentrations with lower process blanks e.g. using low blank activated carbons. The method can also be applied for samples containing suspended solids. Halogens adsorbed on the suspended solids (e.g. undissolved halides) are also determined. Filtration of the sample prior to analysis using a membrane filter (0,45 µm) allows the separate determination of dissolved adsorbable and particulate bound fractions of organically bound fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. Results from an international interlaboratory trial are presented in Annex K.

This document specifies the requirements for qualification, application, inspection, testing handling and storage of materials for plant application of single-layer fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) coatings applied externally for the corrosion protection of bare steel pipe for use in pipeline transportation systems for oil and gas industries as defined in ISO 13623. NOTE Pipes coated in accordance with this document are considered suitable for additional protection by means of cathodic protection.

IEC 60749-21:2025 establishes a standard procedure for determining the solderability of device package terminations that are intended to be joined to another surface using tin-lead (SnPb) or lead-free (Pb-free) solder for the attachment. This test method provides a procedure for “dip and look” solderability testing of through hole, axial and surface mount devices (SMDs) as well as an optional procedure for a board mounting solderability test for SMDs for the purpose of allowing simulation of the soldering process to be used in the device application. The test method also provides optional conditions for ageing. This test is considered destructive unless otherwise detailed in the relevant specification.
NOTE 1 This test method does not assess the effect of thermal stresses which can occur during the soldering process. More details can be found in IEC 60749‑15 or IEC 60749‑20.
NOTE 2 If a qualitative test method is preferred, the Wetting balance test method can be found in IEC 60068-2-69.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- revision to certain operating conditions in line with current working practices.

This document specifies an architecture and data model for interchange of scene-based media for use in systems and applications that employ renderers for the presentation of immersive media, including audio, visual, tactile and other representations of media types. The architecture and data model specified in this document applies to use cases where there is a need for interchange of scene-based media for presentation by systems with 3D render-based technologies. One specific application of this document is immersive display technologies that utilize a real-time renderer of 3D media to create their visual presentations, as opposed to a video decoder and renderer of 2D raster-based media. Another application of this document is for the distribution of media assets for use across a large variety of applications comprising the Metaverse.

This document describes and specifies the requirements of products of natural origin and products from industrial processes of basic and fine quality to be used as liming materials in agriculture for raising the pH of soil (and water).

The eighth edition of ICAO Doc 9303 progresses from using the first edition of the ISO/IEC 19794 series for encoding biometric reference data in electronic machine-readable travel documents to using the ISO/IEC 39794 series for this purpose. This document specifies how to use ISO/IEC 39794-4 for fingerprint image data stored in electronic machine-readable travel documents.

The amendment to EN IEC 60601-2-22:2020 contains the Annexes ZA (Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications) and ZZ (Relationship between this European standard and the General Safety and Performance Requirements of Regulation (EU) 2017/745 aimed to be covered).
These two Annexes are necessary for the harmonization of the standard to the Regulation (EU) 2017/745.

This document establishes definitions and evaluation methods for the following wheel-rail contact geometry parameters influencing the vehicle running dynamic behaviour: the rolling radius difference between the two wheels of a wheelset (Δr-function) which serves as a basis for all further calculations; the equivalent conicity function from which are derived: a single equivalent conicity value for a specified amplitude, which is relevant for the assessment of vehicle running stability on straight track and in very large radius curves; the nonlinearity parameter, which characterizes the shape of this function and is related to the vehicle behaviour, particularly in the speed range close to the running stability limit; the rolling radii coefficient, which is used to describe the theoretical radial steering capability of a wheelset in a curved track. Additional information is given about the relationship between the contact angles of the two wheels of a wheelset (Δtanγ-function) and about the roll angle parameter. NOTE Out of the presented parameters only those related to the contact angle are relevant for independently rotating wheels of wheel pairs. Descriptions of possible calculation methods are included in this document. Test case calculations are provided to achieve comparable results and to check the proper implementation of the described algorithms. To validate alternative methods not described in this document, acceptance criteria are given for the equivalent conicity function. This includes reference profiles, profile combinations, tolerances and reference results with tolerance limits. This document also includes minimum requirements for the measurement of wheel and rail profiles as well as of the parameters needed for the transformation into a common coordinate system of right-hand and left-hand profiles. This document does not define limits for the wheel-rail contact geometry parameters and gives no tolerances for the rail profile and the wheel profile to achieve acceptable results. For the application of this document some general recommendations are given.

This document specifies chemical product safety requirements and reference test methods for the following child care articles:
—   Safety barriers
—   Bedguards
—   Baby carriers and child carriers
—   Pushchairs and prams
—   Carry cots, baby nests and carry cot stands
—   Bath tubs and bathing aids
—   Reclined cradles and infant swings
—   Chair mounted seats
—   Table mounted chairs
—   Childs seats for bicycle
—   Baby bouncers
—   Children's harnesses and reins
—   Baby walking frames
—   Changing units
See also Clause A.1.

This document specifies the risks and reliability of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in its underwater realm. It covers sensors, communication devices, and any other pieces and parts directly influencing the “digital mission” of the vehicle. This document does not cover the manufacturing or operation of the following items: autonomous underwater gliders (AUGs), as they use a narrowly modifiable set of operational commands; batteries for the use of AUVs; electrical motors for the use of AUVs.

This document establishes the air interface based on ISO/IEC 18000-63 for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices operating in the 860 MHz to 930 MHz range used in sensing as well as item management applications. This document specifies the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter Interrogator-Talks-First (ITF) system. This document specifies: logical and physical procedures between the interrogator and tags to allocate a dedicated subcarrier channel to each of the tags to produce continuous data streaming; logical and physical procedure between the interrogator and the tags to start and stop the continuous data streaming; logical interface between the interrogator and the tag to configure a digital sensor and to receive data from the digital sensor through the tag.

This document provides the guidelines of CEN and CENELEC’s policy towards building partnerships with European organizations, associations and other recognized stakeholders who have an interest in European standardization and are willing and able to provide added-value knowledge and to actively contribute with inputs and proposals to CEN and/or CENELEC corporate and technical bodies.

This document specifies the requirements for a measurement management system when an organization: needs to demonstrate its ability to consistently ensure confidence in validity and reliability of measurement results and thereby to provide a consistent level of measurement quality for an organization’s products and services; aims to rely on reliable and valid measurement results useful to enhance customer satisfaction and effectively apply its measurement management system processes; implements processes for a measurement management system that enhance conformity with customer, statutory and regulatory requirements. All the requirements of this document are generic. This document is applicable to any organization, regardless of its type or size, or the products and services it provides. This includes organizations manufacturing products and providing engineering services (except for calibration and test services included within the scope of ISO/IEC 17025). This document is not intended to substitute requirements for, or to add requirements to, the general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories specified in ISO/IEC 17025. NOTE For organizations that operate internal testing and calibration laboratories, the competence of those functions can be evaluated in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025.

This document specifies the quality and safety requirements for Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizome. This document applies to Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizome that is sold and used as natural medicines in international trade, including Chinese materia medica (whole medicinal materials) and decoction pieces derived from the plant.

This document specifies a method using automated Randall extraction for the determination of the hexane extract (or light petroleum extract), called the “oil content”, of oilseeds used as industrial raw materials. The procedure for sunflower seed is different from those for others seeds as it includes an additional moisture content determination after the seed has been ground to prepare the test sample. If required, the pure seeds and the impurities can be analysed separately. In the case of groundnuts, the pure seeds, the total fines, the non-oleaginous impurities and the oleaginous impurities can be analysed separately.

This document describes the scientific background and rationale for the content of EN 17950, Protective helmets - Test methods - Shock absorption including measuring rotational kinematics.

This document specifies basic requirements for gearboxes to operate industrial valves for manual and automated on/off and modulating duties, including manual override gearboxes. It includes guidelines for classification, design and methods for conformity assessment. This document does not cover gear systems which are an integral part in the design of valves and subsea gearboxes. Other requirements or conditions of use different from those indicated in this document are agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer or supplier (first party) prior to order.

This document specifies the requirements for the attachment of multi-turn actuators to valves. Throughout this document, “actuator” can be understood as “actuator” or “combination of actuator with gearbox” providing a multi-turn or linear output. This document specifies: flange dimensions necessary for the attachment of actuators to industrial valves [see Figure 1 a)] or to intermediate supports [see Figure 1 b)]; those driving component dimensions of actuators which are necessary to attach them to the driven components; reference values for torque and thrust for flanges having the dimensions specified in this document.

The amendment to EN IEC 60601-2-57 contains the Annexes ZA (Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications) and ZZ (Relationship between this European standard and the General Safety and Performance Requirements of Regulation (EU) 2017/745 aimed to be covered).
These two Annexes are necessary for the harmonization of the standard to the Regulation (EU) 2017/745.

1.1   This document specifies safety requirements for design, construction and manufacturing of permanently installed electrically powered vertical lifting appliances affixed to a building structure intended for use by persons, including persons with disability:
-   travelling vertically between predefined levels along a guided path whose inclination to the vertical does not exceed 15°;
-   supported or sustained by rack and pinion, rope traction drive, noncircular elastomeric-coated suspension means (hereafter called traction belts) traction drive, rope positive drive, chains, timing belts, screw and nut, guided chain or hydraulic jack (direct or indirect);
-   with enclosed wells;
-   with a rated speed not greater than 0,15 m/s;
-   with the carrier completely enclosed;
-   with a temperature in the well and in the machinery spaces between +5 °C and +40 °C.
1.2   This document does not specify additional requirements for:
-   lightning protection;
-   operation subject to ATEX rules;
-   lifting appliances whose primary function is the transportation of goods;
-   earthquakes, flooding;
-   firefighting and evacuation;
-   noise and vibrations;
-   the transport of type-C wheelchairs as defined in EN 12183:2022 and/or EN 12184:2022;
-   vertically sliding doors.
1.3   Components incorporated in a lifting appliance installation are:
a)   designed in accordance with usual engineering practice and calculation codes, taking into account all failure modes;
b)   of sound mechanical and electrical construction;
c)   free of defects.
1.4   This document is not applicable to lifting appliances manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document specifies requirements for the attachment of part-turn actuators, with or without gearboxes, to industrial valves. The attachment of part-turn actuators to control valves in accordance with the requirements of this document is subject to an agreement between the supplier and the purchaser. This document specifies: flange dimensions necessary for the attachment of part-turn actuators to industrial valves [see Figures 1 a) and 1 c)] or to intermediate supports [see Figures 1 b) and 1 d)]; driving component dimensions of part-turn actuators necessary to attach them to the driven components; reference values for torques for interfaces and for couplings having the dimensions specified in this document. The attachment of the intermediate support to the valve is beyond the scope of this document.

This document specifies the quality, safety requirements and test methods for Euodia fruit. It is applicable to Euodia fruit that is sold and used as natural medicines in international trade, including Chinese materia medica (whole medicinal materials) and decoction pieces.

The European Commission will in its project "VAT in the digital age" (ViDA) mandate that VAT reporting on intra-EU transactions is performed in near real-time and based on EN 16931-1. This Technical Report defines the impact of this legislation on the various deliverables of CEN/TC 434, with a focus on the subset to be sent to tax authorities and how EN 16931-1 needs to be changed. The ViDA package applies to all EU member states and specific territories where the VAT legislation applies (e.g. Northern Ireland in respect to goods).
This document does not define the content of the common electronic message based on the electronic invoice to be sent to the authorities. The definition of that common electronic message (DRR message) is a task of the European Commission, possibly with help of CEN. As the DRR message is not an invoice, but a VAT report, it is not to be regarded as a Core Invoice Usage Specification (CIUS). The DRR message therefore needs not to obey the rules for developing a CIUS. For example, not all mandatory elements in the invoice need to be part of the DRR message.

This document gives guidance on planning, evaluating the risks, and conducting activities and techniques remotely for internal or external verification/validation (i.e. first, second and third party) of greenhouse gas (GHG) statements. It is applicable to cases where a verifier determines that the circumstances defined in ISO 14064-3:2019, 6.1.4.2, do not require an in-person site or facility visit or a validator determines that an evidence-gathering plan can include activities and techniques performed remotely as defined in ISO 14064-3:2019, 7.1.6. Activities and techniques applied remotely can be used by a verifier for activities such as inquiry of persons and documents, analytical testing, recalculation, estimate testing, cross-checking and reconciliation when a verifier’s risk assessment does not require the use of on-site activities and techniques. Activities and techniques applied remotely can be used by a validator when their use does not compromise the validator’s ability to assess whether the characteristics of GHG activities (see ISO 14064-3:2019, Clause 7) will meet the needs of intended users. This document is applicable to verifications/validations that use: a combination of activities and techniques applied remotely and on-site; exclusively activities and techniques applied remotely. NOTE Legislation can differ from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. It is the user’s responsibility to determine how applicable legal requirements relate to this document.

This document specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of piping systems for the rehabilitation, by means of renovation and trenchless replacement, of underground non-pressure and pressure drains and sewers and water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water pipelines.
It is applicable to polyethylene (PE) pipes, fittings and assemblies, as manufactured and as installed. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline.
It is applicable to the following technique families for renovation, intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature:
lining with continuous pipes;
lining with close-fit pipes.
This document is applicable to the following technique families for trenchless replacement, intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature:
pipe bursting and pipe extraction;
horizontal directional drilling and impact moling.
NOTE            For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427-1:2019, Annex A.
When used with lining with continuous pipes, lining with close-fit pipes and trenchless replacement technique families, this document is applicable to:
PE solid wall single layered pipes (nominal outside diameter, dn), including any identification stripes;
PE pipes with co-extruded layers on either or both the outside and inside of the pipe (total outside diameter, dn), as specified in Annex D, where all layers have the same MRS rating.
Furthermore, when used with lining with continuous pipes and trenchless replacement this document is applicable to:
PE coated pipes (outside diameter, dn) having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastics additional layer on the outside of the pipe (“coated pipe”), as specified in Annex D.
This document is applicable to jointing by means of butt fusion and electrofusion and to fabricated and injection-moulded fittings and mechanical connections of PE.

This document establishes the steps of the overall process of pipeline rehabilitation, comprising:
strategic and tactical activities:
investigation and condition assessment of the existing pipeline;
pipeline rehabilitation planning;
operational activities:
project specification;
applications of techniques;
documentation of the design and application process.
This document defines general terms of pipeline rehabilitation and establishes the classification of families of renovation and trenchless replacement techniques, with description of their respective features.
This document is applicable to underground drains and sewers and underground water and gas supply networks.
This document does not apply to:
new construction provided as network extensions;
calculation methods to determine, for each viable technique, the characteristics of lining or replacement pipe material needed to secure the desired performance of the rehabilitated pipeline;
techniques providing non-structural pipe liners;
techniques for repair.

This document covers means for software code and software configuration updates for lifts, escalators, and moving walks (EUC). Both on-site and remote updates are covered. This document does not apply to EUC that are installed before the date of its publication.

This document gives guidelines for the design of sampling programmes, techniques and the handling and preservation of samples of water, from natural and man-made lakes during open-water and ice-covered conditions. This document is applicable to lakes with and without aquatic vegetation. Guidance on sampling for microbiological examination is not included. For specific guidance on the sampling for microplastics, see ISO 5667-27.

This document: provides method(s) for identifying, in Open-edi modelling technologies and development of scenarios, the extra requirements in Business Operational View (BOV) specifications for identifying the additional external constraints to be applied to recorded information in business transactions relating to personal information of an individual, as required by legal and regulatory requirements of applicable jurisdictional domains having governance over the personal information exchanged among parties to a business transaction; integrates existing normative elements in support of privacy protection requirements as are already identified in ISO/IEC 14662 and ISO/IEC 15944-1, ISO/IEC 15944-2, ISO/IEC 15944-4 and ISO/IEC 15944-5, which apply to information concerning identifiable living individuals as buyers in a business transaction or whose personal information is used in the business transaction; provides overarching operational "best practice" statements for associated (and not necessarily automated) processes, procedures, practices and governance requirements that need to act in support of implementing and enforcing mechanisms needed to support privacy/data protection requirements necessary for the implementation in Open-edi transaction environments; identifies and provides a sample scenario and implementation (use case) for one or more use cases of privacy/data protection in business transactions; provides guidelines on the need for procedural mechanisms in the event that mandatory disclosure rules of transactional information that needs to be implemented. This document does not specify the technical mechanisms needed to implement the Functional Services View. Detailed exclusions to the scope of this document are provided in Annex H.

This document defines a framework for the extensible registration of information — an approach used to manage an information register.
This framework specifies the following requirements of an information register:
capability requirements that an information register uses to manage register content;
governance requirements that define a set of processes and rules used in the establishment, management, operation, content publication and use of an information register.
The following considerations are out of scope of this document:
implementation details for the realization of an information register;
content and related definitions that are managed within an information register.

This document describes:
-   business processes and the technical environments in which simplified invoices and e-receipts are exchanged; and
-   the needed syntax bindings of electronic simplified invoices and e-receipts.

This document specifies requirements and test methods for Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body that is derived from Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex Fr.) Karst. It is applicable to the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body that is sold and used as Chinese materia medica (whole medicinal materials) and decoction pieces derived from this fungus.

This document describes the general principles of field-flow fractionation and specifies parameters, conditions and minimal reporting requirements, as part of an integrated measurement system, required to develop and validate methods for the application of asymmetrical flow and centrifugal field-flow fractionation in the analysis of nano-objects and their aggregates and agglomerates in aqueous media. General guidelines and procedures are provided to aid the user.

This document specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of piping systems for the rehabilitation of non-pressure underground drains and sewers.
NOTE            It is not applicable to use of PVC-U material for rehabilitation of pipes under pressure.
It is applicable to unplasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) pipes, fittings and assemblies, as manufactured and as installed with service temperature not exceeding 35 °C. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline.
This document is applicable to the renovation technique family “lining with close-fit pipes”.

This part of IEC 61996 specifies the minimum performance requirements, technical characteristics, methods of testing and required test results, for shipborne voyage data recorder (VDR) installations as required by Chapter V of the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), as amended. It takes account of IMO resolution A.694(17) and is associated with IEC 60945. When a requirement in this standard is different from IEC 60945, the requirement in this standard takes precedence. This standard incorporates the applicable parts of the performance standards included in IMO Resolution MSC.333(90).

This document provides requirements for wrought high-manganese austenitic steel welded fittings used for pressure piping at cryogenic temperature. The specification of high-manganese austenitic steel welded fittings is applicable to all pressure retaining components and any non-pressure retaining components used in hull systems for marine technology and in onshore projects.

This document provides guidelines on using zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP) to improve privacy by reducing the risks associated with the sharing or transmission of personal data between organizations and users by minimizing unnecessary information disclosure. It includes several ZKP functional requirements relevant to a range of different business use cases, then describes how different ZKP models can be used to meet those functional requirements securely.

This International Standard specifies the minimum operational and performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results conforming to performance standards not inferior to those adopted by the IMO in Resolution MSC.192(79). (MSC.192/2) The radar installation, in addition to meeting the general requirements as set out in resolution A.694(17) and the related standard IEC 60945, should comply with the performance standards of MSC.192(79). When a requirement of this standard is different from IEC 60945, the requirement in this standard takes precedence.

This document provides guidance for enhancing safety and usability aspects of smart home products, services, and systems to enable older persons to live the healthy lives they desire. It presents a process to assess the needs of older persons who use smart products, services, and systems in the smart home, the general living space of the future society, to select, apply, and evaluate appropriate smart home products, services, and systems. This document addresses older persons’ safety and usability needs as their health conditions and lifestyles change. It applies to designers, developers, and providers of smart homes for older persons and products, services, and systems in smart homes.