ISO - International Organization for Standardization

This document specifies two methods for the determination of the bulk density (tapped) of solid fertilizers: the machine-tapping method (method 1); the hand-tapping method (method 2). These methods are applicable to dry fertilizers only. Neither method is suitable for materials which contain a large proportion of particles exceeding 5 mm in diameter. Method 2 is applicable only to spherical granules and to prills. It is not applicable to sharp-edged grains. NOTE Because of the differences in tapping technique, the two methods will not necessarily give the same value for the bulk density (tapped).

This document defines the principal terms used in horology. The terms and definitions apply to time-measuring instruments and related devices.

This document specifies system requirements and test methods for lane change decision aid systems (LCDAS). LCDAS are intended to warn the driver of the subject vehicle against potential collisions with vehicles either to the side or to the rear in the adjacent lanes of the subject vehicle and moving in the same direction as the subject vehicle for lane change manoeuvres. This document addresses LCDAS for use on forward-moving cars, vans and straight trucks. This document does not address LCDAS for use on motorcycles or articulated vehicles such as tractor/trailer combinations and articulated buses.

This document specifies the minimum quality and safety requirements for Crocus sativus stigma. It applies to Crocus sativus stigma that is sold and used as natural medicines in international trade, including in Chinese materia medica and decoction pieces.

This document provides a scheme for the assessment of conformity of PE products and assemblies for the rehabilitation of existing pipelines, in accordance with ISO 11300-1 and ISO 11301-1, and intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures.

This document provides a scheme for the assessment of conformity of PVC-U products and assemblies for the rehabilitation of existing pipelines, in accordance with ISO 11300-3, and intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures.

This document specifies the grammar of symbols used in ISO 10360 series in order to identify metrological characteristics of coordinate measuring systems (CMSs) and their specifications. This document does not provide the meaning of these symbols, neither of whole symbols nor of their components. These meanings are specified in the ISO 10360 documents introducing them.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the bulk density (loose) of solid fertilizers, except powder fertilizers. The method is applicable to dry fertilizers only. The method is not suitable for materials which contain a large proportion of particles exceeding 5 mm in diameter.

This document defines the properties of load test dusts used for heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) air filters as well as air cleaning equipment in laboratories. Test dusts used for evaluation of efficiency performance are not included.

This document defines general terms and definitions for systems, products and services related to railway applications. This document does not cover terms and definitions related to electrotechnical and electronic products and services for railway applications.

This document is applicable for evaluating absorbent incontinence products for urine, faeces, or both for adults and children. It provides a context for the procedures described in other International Standards and for published testing procedures. General factors relating to incontinence products and their usage are also addressed.

This document specifies requirements for transportable liquid oxygen systems that are common to both base units and portable units and requirements that are particular to base units. Stationary liquid oxygen systems used for oxygen pipeline supply systems are excluded from this document. NOTE 1 Throughout this document the term “units” is used where the requirement applies to both base units and portable units. NOTE 2 ISO 18777 - 2 specifies those requirements particular to portable units.

This document specifies the characteristics of hexagon socket set screws with dog point, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M30 for steel and M1,6 to M24 for stainless steel, and with product grade A. Set screws are not intended for use under tensile load. If, in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document presents case studies and insights into the practical application of green logistics. The cases are delineated across various operational scenarios, including transport, storing, loading and unloading, handling, package, distribution processing, distribution and information processing. The objective of this document is to facilitate organizations in comprehending green logistics activities.

This document specifies the characteristics of hexagon socket set screws with truncated cone point, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M30 for steel and M1,6 to M24 for stainless steel, and with product grade A. Set screws are not intended for use under tensile load. If in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

Within the field of health informatics, the DICOM (digital imaging and communication in medicine) standard addresses the exchange of digital images, and information related to the production and management of those images, between both medical imaging equipment and systems concerned with the management and communication of that information, such as Picture Archiving anc Communication System (PACS), Hospital Information System (HIS) and Radiology Information System (RIS). This document is equivalent to part 1 of DICOM. As such, it normatively describes the content of DICOM (Clause 6) and the requirements to make a claim of conformance (Clause 5). The DICOM standard is applicable to diagnostic medical imaging as practiced in radiology, cardiology, pathology, dentistry, ophthalmology and related disciplines, and image-based therapies such as interventional radiology, radiotherapy and surgery. It is also applicable to a wide range of image and non-image related information exchanged in clinical, research, veterinary, and other medical environments.

This document specifies the characteristics of hexagon socket set screws with cup point, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M30 for steel and M1,6 to M24 for stainless steel, and with product grade A. Set screws are not intended for use under tensile load. If in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document specifies principles and gives guidance for developing normative documents that contain: specified requirements for the object of conformity assessment; specific methods and procedures for an individual conformity assessment activity (e.g. test methods); rules and methodology for conformity assessment (as part of conformity assessment schemes, including provisions for organizations that perform conformity assessment activities). This document is intended for the following users: standards developers; regulatory authorities; conformity assessment scheme owners; industry associations and consortia; conformity assessment bodies; accreditation bodies; purchasers; consumers and non-governmental groups; other interested parties, e.g. insurance organizations.

This document specifies the characteristics of hexagon socket set screws with flat point, with metric coarse pitch threads M1,6 to M30 for steel and M1,6 to M24 for stainless steel, and with product grade A. Set screws are not intended for use under tensile load. If, in certain cases other specifications are requested, hardness classes and stainless steel grades can be selected from ISO 898-5 or ISO 3506-3, and dimensional options from ISO 888, ISO 965-1 or ISO 4753.

This document specifies the labelling requirements for intraocular lenses (IOLs) and the information to be provided within or on the packaging. NOTE This document attempts to harmonize the recognized labelling requirements for IOLs throughout the world. However, there can be additional national requirements.

This document establishes and gives guidance on the use of a control banding approach for controlling the risks associated with occupational exposures to nano-objects and their aggregates and agglomerates greater than 100 nm (NOAA), even if knowledge regarding their toxicity and quantitative exposure estimations is limited or lacking. This document applies to inhalation control, for which the control banding tool is specifically designed. NOTE Some guidance for skin and eye protection is given in ISO/TS 12901-1. This document does not apply to materials of biological origin. This document is intended to help businesses and others, including research organizations engaged in the manufacturing, processing, or handling of NOAA, by providing an easy-to-understand, pragmatic approach to controlling occupational exposures.

This document: provides an expanded view of the processes from ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 that implement systems engineering (SE) management for the life cycles of technical solutions; describes a required information item, termed the systems engineering management plan (SEMP) for the technical management and execution of the SE of technical solutions, provides requirements and guidance for the content of the required information item. This document is applicable to: those who use or plan to use ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 on projects dealing with human-made systems, products and services; those who are responsible for the technical management of projects concerned with the engineering of systems; those responsible for planning or executing ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 system life cycle processes at a project level; organizations and individuals involved with a technical project management effort; anyone developing engineering management documentation to complete technical planning aspects of their project’s processes. This document is intended to provide guidance for two-party situations and can be equally applied where the two parties are from the same organization. This document can also be used by a single party as self-imposed tasks. This document can also serve as guidance in multi-party situations, where high risks are inherent in the supply and integration of complex systems, and procurement can involve several suppliers, organizations or parties.

This document provides requirements and guidance for the effective planning, design, and development of instructional videos for information technology systems, products, and services. This document includes the use of video, interactive video or hypervideo, animation, and virtual or augmented reality to explain how to use software and systems including hardware. This document covers both standalone videos and the use of video segments in larger information products. This document specifies content elements, structure, and use of media, including music, narration, captions, titles, subtitles, and graphics. This document does not include specifications of output media formats, content management for videos, or archiving. This document does not cover learning technology systems for recording and administering training programs. This document is applicable to instructional video developers, including a variety of specialists, such as: information architects who plan the structure and format of information products; user experience specialists, customer experience specialists and business analysts who identify the tasks that the intended users can perform; reviewers or testers of instructional videos; graphic designers with expertise in electronic media; experts who design the usage and presentation of the system or service. This document is also a reference for those with other roles and interests in the process of developing instructional videos.

This document specifies: the test conditions and test methods for determining capacity and efficiency ratings; calculation methods for seasonal performance. This applies to factory made, electric mains operated, variable refrigerant flow air-cooled air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps with a rated capacity above 12 kW for cooling or for heating if the product has no cooling function. In this document, “heat pumps” means “air-to-air heat pumps” and “air conditioners” means “air-cooled air conditioners”. This document establishes a method for determining global variable refrigerant flow (VRF) performance with annexes addressing specific national or regional deviations, such as regionally specific power or testing requirements. This document does not apply to the testing and rating of: water-source heat pumps or water-cooled air conditioners; multi-split systems where each indoor unit has dedicated piping connected directly to the outdoor unit; individual assemblies not constituting a complete refrigeration system.

This document establishes the requirements for systems engineering activities to be performed on projects of defence agencies, including the United States (US) Department of Defense (DoD), across the entire system life cycle. This document implements ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 for use by defence agencies in acquiring systems or systems engineering support, including the planning, acquisition, operation, modification, and sustainment of defence systems. It provides the foundation for systems engineering within the context of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288. This document provides detailed requirements for the application of the life cycle processes, activities, and tasks of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 for use on any defence system and includes the effective integration of agreement processes, technical processes, technical management processes, organizational project enabling processes, and essential specialty engineering requirements. While primarily supporting the acquirer-supplier agreement mode, this document also can be used to support the other modes: use by organizations, projects, and process assessors.

This document: specifies strategic aspects supporting systems engineering agility; provides guidelines for their selection and application. This document is applicable to: those who use or plan to use ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 on projects dealing with human-made systems and services related to those systems and products; those who are responsible for the technical management of projects concerned with the engineering of systems; those responsible for executing ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 system life cycle processes at a project level; organizations and individuals who are seeking to improve their capability to deal with uncertain knowledge and dynamic environments.

This document specifies requirements for either rubber or plastics or both covered conveyor belting of textile construction for general surface use on flat or troughed idlers. This document is not applicable to light conveyor belts as described in ISO 21183-1.

This document specifies requirements and provides guidance for the preparation for axial force compression testing of additively manufactured (AM) metallic lattice specimens for validation purposes.

This document specifies a method to measure ice adhesion from artificial ice on test substrates by using a centrifuge. Basic ice types are defined and test parameters for the ice removal are described to achieve reproducibility of test results for ice adhesion measurements for rotor blade coatings. This document does not intend to provide fixed test parameter to account for the diversity of relevant icing scenarios in this field of application. NOTE In practice, ice adhesion can be determined by two different measurement principles, the centrifugal test (covered in this document) and the shear test, which differ in dynamic and quasistatic shear rates. This test method can be used to test the adhesion of dynamic ice on the coating system of a wind turbine rotor blade under operation.

This document specifies the requirements for qualification, application, inspection, testing handling and storage of materials for plant application of single-layer fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) coatings applied externally for the corrosion protection of bare steel pipe for use in pipeline transportation systems for oil and gas industries as defined in ISO 13623. NOTE Pipes coated in accordance with this document are considered suitable for additional protection by means of cathodic protection.

This document specifies an architecture and data model for interchange of scene-based media for use in systems and applications that employ renderers for the presentation of immersive media, including audio, visual, tactile and other representations of media types. The architecture and data model specified in this document applies to use cases where there is a need for interchange of scene-based media for presentation by systems with 3D render-based technologies. One specific application of this document is immersive display technologies that utilize a real-time renderer of 3D media to create their visual presentations, as opposed to a video decoder and renderer of 2D raster-based media. Another application of this document is for the distribution of media assets for use across a large variety of applications comprising the Metaverse.

This document establishes definitions and evaluation methods for the following wheel-rail contact geometry parameters influencing the vehicle running dynamic behaviour: the rolling radius difference between the two wheels of a wheelset (Δr-function) which serves as a basis for all further calculations; the equivalent conicity function from which are derived: a single equivalent conicity value for a specified amplitude, which is relevant for the assessment of vehicle running stability on straight track and in very large radius curves; the nonlinearity parameter, which characterizes the shape of this function and is related to the vehicle behaviour, particularly in the speed range close to the running stability limit; the rolling radii coefficient, which is used to describe the theoretical radial steering capability of a wheelset in a curved track. Additional information is given about the relationship between the contact angles of the two wheels of a wheelset (Δtanγ-function) and about the roll angle parameter. NOTE Out of the presented parameters only those related to the contact angle are relevant for independently rotating wheels of wheel pairs. Descriptions of possible calculation methods are included in this document. Test case calculations are provided to achieve comparable results and to check the proper implementation of the described algorithms. To validate alternative methods not described in this document, acceptance criteria are given for the equivalent conicity function. This includes reference profiles, profile combinations, tolerances and reference results with tolerance limits. This document also includes minimum requirements for the measurement of wheel and rail profiles as well as of the parameters needed for the transformation into a common coordinate system of right-hand and left-hand profiles. This document does not define limits for the wheel-rail contact geometry parameters and gives no tolerances for the rail profile and the wheel profile to achieve acceptable results. For the application of this document some general recommendations are given.

This document establishes the air interface based on ISO/IEC 18000-63 for radio frequency identification (RFID) devices operating in the 860 MHz to 930 MHz range used in sensing as well as item management applications. This document specifies the physical and logical requirements for a passive-backscatter Interrogator-Talks-First (ITF) system. This document specifies: logical and physical procedures between the interrogator and tags to allocate a dedicated subcarrier channel to each of the tags to produce continuous data streaming; logical and physical procedure between the interrogator and the tags to start and stop the continuous data streaming; logical interface between the interrogator and the tag to configure a digital sensor and to receive data from the digital sensor through the tag.

This document specifies a method for the determination of organically bound halogens fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine which are adsorbable on activated carbon. Adsorption takes place on activated carbon packed in columns. The method is applicable for the determination of: ≥ 2 µg/l AOF, expressed as F; ≥ 10 µg/l AOCl, expressed as Cl; ≥ 1 µg/l AOBr, expressed as Br; ≥ 1 µg/l AOI, expressed as I. The method is applicable for the determination of adsorbable organically bound fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine in water, e.g. in groundwater, surface water, bank filtrate, drinking water, aqueous eluates, cooling water and wastewater. The working range is limited by the capacity of the activated carbon, the process blank and the capacity of the chromatographic separation column. Sample dilution into the working range can be required. The range of application can be extended to lower concentrations with lower process blanks e.g. using low blank activated carbons. The method can also be applied for samples containing suspended solids. Halogens adsorbed on the suspended solids (e.g. undissolved halides) are also determined. Filtration of the sample prior to analysis using a membrane filter (0,45 µm) allows the separate determination of dissolved adsorbable and particulate bound fractions of organically bound fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. Results from an international interlaboratory trial are presented in Annex K.

This document specifies the risks and reliability of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in its underwater realm. It covers sensors, communication devices, and any other pieces and parts directly influencing the “digital mission” of the vehicle. This document does not cover the manufacturing or operation of the following items: autonomous underwater gliders (AUGs), as they use a narrowly modifiable set of operational commands; batteries for the use of AUVs; electrical motors for the use of AUVs.

This document specifies the requirements for the attachment of multi-turn actuators to valves. Throughout this document, “actuator” can be understood as “actuator” or “combination of actuator with gearbox” providing a multi-turn or linear output. This document specifies: flange dimensions necessary for the attachment of actuators to industrial valves [see Figure 1 a)] or to intermediate supports [see Figure 1 b)]; those driving component dimensions of actuators which are necessary to attach them to the driven components; reference values for torque and thrust for flanges having the dimensions specified in this document.

This document specifies the requirements for a measurement management system when an organization: needs to demonstrate its ability to consistently ensure confidence in validity and reliability of measurement results and thereby to provide a consistent level of measurement quality for an organization’s products and services; aims to rely on reliable and valid measurement results useful to enhance customer satisfaction and effectively apply its measurement management system processes; implements processes for a measurement management system that enhance conformity with customer, statutory and regulatory requirements. All the requirements of this document are generic. This document is applicable to any organization, regardless of its type or size, or the products and services it provides. This includes organizations manufacturing products and providing engineering services (except for calibration and test services included within the scope of ISO/IEC 17025). This document is not intended to substitute requirements for, or to add requirements to, the general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories specified in ISO/IEC 17025. NOTE For organizations that operate internal testing and calibration laboratories, the competence of those functions can be evaluated in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025.

This document specifies the quality, safety requirements and test methods for Euodia fruit. It is applicable to Euodia fruit that is sold and used as natural medicines in international trade, including Chinese materia medica (whole medicinal materials) and decoction pieces.

This document specifies basic requirements for gearboxes to operate industrial valves for manual and automated on/off and modulating duties, including manual override gearboxes. It includes guidelines for classification, design and methods for conformity assessment. This document does not cover gear systems which are an integral part in the design of valves and subsea gearboxes. Other requirements or conditions of use different from those indicated in this document are agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer or supplier (first party) prior to order.

This document specifies requirements for the attachment of part-turn actuators, with or without gearboxes, to industrial valves. The attachment of part-turn actuators to control valves in accordance with the requirements of this document is subject to an agreement between the supplier and the purchaser. This document specifies: flange dimensions necessary for the attachment of part-turn actuators to industrial valves [see Figures 1 a) and 1 c)] or to intermediate supports [see Figures 1 b) and 1 d)]; driving component dimensions of part-turn actuators necessary to attach them to the driven components; reference values for torques for interfaces and for couplings having the dimensions specified in this document. The attachment of the intermediate support to the valve is beyond the scope of this document.

This document specifies the quality and safety requirements for Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizome. This document applies to Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizome that is sold and used as natural medicines in international trade, including Chinese materia medica (whole medicinal materials) and decoction pieces derived from the plant.

This document specifies a method using automated Randall extraction for the determination of the hexane extract (or light petroleum extract), called the “oil content”, of oilseeds used as industrial raw materials. The procedure for sunflower seed is different from those for others seeds as it includes an additional moisture content determination after the seed has been ground to prepare the test sample. If required, the pure seeds and the impurities can be analysed separately. In the case of groundnuts, the pure seeds, the total fines, the non-oleaginous impurities and the oleaginous impurities can be analysed separately.

This document gives guidance on planning, evaluating the risks, and conducting activities and techniques remotely for internal or external verification/validation (i.e. first, second and third party) of greenhouse gas (GHG) statements. It is applicable to cases where a verifier determines that the circumstances defined in ISO 14064-3:2019, 6.1.4.2, do not require an in-person site or facility visit or a validator determines that an evidence-gathering plan can include activities and techniques performed remotely as defined in ISO 14064-3:2019, 7.1.6. Activities and techniques applied remotely can be used by a verifier for activities such as inquiry of persons and documents, analytical testing, recalculation, estimate testing, cross-checking and reconciliation when a verifier’s risk assessment does not require the use of on-site activities and techniques. Activities and techniques applied remotely can be used by a validator when their use does not compromise the validator’s ability to assess whether the characteristics of GHG activities (see ISO 14064-3:2019, Clause 7) will meet the needs of intended users. This document is applicable to verifications/validations that use: a combination of activities and techniques applied remotely and on-site; exclusively activities and techniques applied remotely. NOTE Legislation can differ from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. It is the user’s responsibility to determine how applicable legal requirements relate to this document.

This document gives guidelines for the design of sampling programmes, techniques and the handling and preservation of samples of water, from natural and man-made lakes during open-water and ice-covered conditions. This document is applicable to lakes with and without aquatic vegetation. Guidance on sampling for microbiological examination is not included. For specific guidance on the sampling for microplastics, see ISO 5667-27.

This document covers means for software code and software configuration updates for lifts, escalators, and moving walks (EUC). Both on-site and remote updates are covered. This document does not apply to EUC that are installed before the date of its publication.

This document: provides method(s) for identifying, in Open-edi modelling technologies and development of scenarios, the extra requirements in Business Operational View (BOV) specifications for identifying the additional external constraints to be applied to recorded information in business transactions relating to personal information of an individual, as required by legal and regulatory requirements of applicable jurisdictional domains having governance over the personal information exchanged among parties to a business transaction; integrates existing normative elements in support of privacy protection requirements as are already identified in ISO/IEC 14662 and ISO/IEC 15944-1, ISO/IEC 15944-2, ISO/IEC 15944-4 and ISO/IEC 15944-5, which apply to information concerning identifiable living individuals as buyers in a business transaction or whose personal information is used in the business transaction; provides overarching operational "best practice" statements for associated (and not necessarily automated) processes, procedures, practices and governance requirements that need to act in support of implementing and enforcing mechanisms needed to support privacy/data protection requirements necessary for the implementation in Open-edi transaction environments; identifies and provides a sample scenario and implementation (use case) for one or more use cases of privacy/data protection in business transactions; provides guidelines on the need for procedural mechanisms in the event that mandatory disclosure rules of transactional information that needs to be implemented. This document does not specify the technical mechanisms needed to implement the Functional Services View. Detailed exclusions to the scope of this document are provided in Annex H.

This document specifies requirements and test methods for Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body that is derived from Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex Fr.) Karst. It is applicable to the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body that is sold and used as Chinese materia medica (whole medicinal materials) and decoction pieces derived from this fungus.

This document provides guidelines on using zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP) to improve privacy by reducing the risks associated with the sharing or transmission of personal data between organizations and users by minimizing unnecessary information disclosure. It includes several ZKP functional requirements relevant to a range of different business use cases, then describes how different ZKP models can be used to meet those functional requirements securely.