ISO - International Organization for Standardization

This document specifies methods for the evaluation of some aspects of the behaviour of nonwoven fabrics in the presence of liquids. In particular: — the liquid absorbency time; — the liquid absorptive capacity; — the liquid wicking rate (capillarity). The different aspects of absorbency can relate to various end uses of the tested products. The tests do not apply to any fabric containing super absorbent materials.

This document defines terms commonly used in paper sacks manufacture. It refers to single- and multi-ply sacks made of paper or combination of paper and other materials where the paper is the main part. It does not refer to bags for retail trade.

This document specifies methods for the continuous and intermittent sampling of liquefied natural gas (LNG) while it is being transferred through an LNG transfer line.

This document establishes a system of symbols for the basic rubbers in both dry and latex forms, based on the chemical composition of the polymer chain. The purpose of this document is to standardize the abbreviated terms used in industry, commerce and government.

This document: — specifies communication service parameters presented by ITS station (ITS-S) application processes to the ITS-S management in support of automatic selection of ITS-S communication profiles in an ITS station unit (ITS-SU); — specifies related procedures for the static and dynamic ITS-S communication profile selection processes at a high functional level; — provides an illustration of objectives used to estimate an optimum ITS-S communication profile.

This document specifies the requirements and test methods for inspection of the use of knapsack sprayers carried on the back or shoulder of the operator for use with plant protection products (PPPs). The requirements relate mainly to the condition of the sprayer with respect to its potential risk to the operator and the environment and its performance to achieve good application. This document is applicable to lever-operated knapsack sprayers, knapsack compression sprayers and knapsack sprayers driven by an engine or electric motor using hydraulic pressure atomisation of the spray liquid, intended for use primarily in agriculture, forestry and horticulture, with a nominal volume of more than 6,0 l. It does not apply to — knapsack combustion engine-driven air-blast sprayers, which are covered in ISO 28139:2019/Amd 1:2024, — controlled droplet application equipment utilizing rotary atomisers, or — portable application equipment for spatial application (such as foggers).

This document specifies the data structure and content of an interface that permits communication between position-providing device(s) and position-using device(s) enabling the position-using device(s) to obtain and unambiguously interpret position information and determine, based on a measure of the degree of reliability, whether the resulting position information meets the requirements of the intended use. A standardized interface for positioning allows the integration of reliable position information obtained from non-specific positioning technologies and is useful in various location-focused information applications, such as surveying, navigation, intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and location-based services (LBS).

This document specifies a test method for determination of the thermal conductivity of ceramics coatings on ceramic or metal substrate at the direction perpendicular to the surface by using relative method. Procedures for calculation, data collection, and reporting are given. This document is applicable primarily to the ceramic coatings on ceramic or metal substrates. The applicable coatings are thin ceramic coatings used as a thermal barrier coating, environmental barrier coating and wear-resistant coating. This document is applicable for coating thickness to substrate thickness ratios greater than 1/100 and less than 1/500. While this ratio range it is too low for direct measurement methods, the calculation specified in this document is effective for estimating the thermal conductivity of the coating in this range, including thermal resistance.

This document specifies: — the interfaces between electronic fee collection (EFC) back-office systems for vehicle-related transport services, e.g. road user charging, parking and access control; — an exchange of information between the back-office system of the two roles of service provision and toll charging, e.g.: — charging-related data (toll declarations, billing details, payment claims, payment announcements), — administrative data (trust objects, EFC context data, etc.), and — confirmation data; — transfer mechanisms and supporting functions; — information objects, data syntax and semantics. This document is applicable for any vehicle-related toll service and any technology used for charging. The data types and associated coding related to the data elements described in Clause 6 are specified in Annex A, using the abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1) according to ISO/IEC 8824-1. This document specifies basic protocol mechanisms over which implementations can specify and perform complex transfers (transactions). This document does not specify, amongst others: — any communication between TC or TSP with any other involved party; — any communication between elements of the TC and the TSP that is not part of the back-office communication; — interfaces for EFC systems for public transport; — any complex transfers (transactions), i.e. sequences of inter-related ADUs that can possibly involve several APDU exchanges; — processes regarding payments and exchanges of fiscal, commercial or legal accounting documents; — definitions of service communication channels, protocols and service primitives to transfer the APDU.

This document specifies the test method used to determine the strength of the adhesive-bonded carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) to metal assemblies under combined loading conditions. The loading fixture, a standard specimen, and procedure for combined shear and normal load tests under plane stress conditions are provided. The test method is also applicable to bonded joints between metals and other composite materials, including glass fibre-reinforced plastics. This document does not cover specimen preparation of the adhesive joint.

This document defines a process assessment model for system life cycle processes, conformant with the requirements of ISO/IEC 33004, for use in performing a conformant assessment in accordance with the requirements of ISO/IEC 33002.

This document specifies methods for the determination of major and minor element concentrations in solid recovered fuels after digestion by the use of different acid mixtures and by addition of a fluxing agent for solid recovered fuel (SRF) ash. a) Method A: Microwave assisted digestion with hydrochloric, nitric and hydrofluoric acid mixture (6 ml HCl; 2 ml HNO3; 2 ml HF) followed by boric acid complexation; b) Method AT: Microwave assisted digestion with hydrochloric, nitric and tetrafluoroboric acid mixture (6 ml HCl; 2 ml HNO3; 4 ml HBF4); c) Method B: Microwave assisted digestion with hydrochloric, nitric and hydrofluoric acid mixture (0,5 ml HCl; 6 ml HNO3; 1 ml HF) followed by boric acid complexation; d) Method BT: Microwave assisted digestion with hydrochloric, nitric and tetrafluoroboric acid mixture (0,5 ml HCl; 6 ml HNO3; 2 ml HBF4); e) Method C: Microwave assisted digestion with nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide and hydrofluoric acid mixture (2,5 ml H2O2; 5 ml HNO3; 0,4 ml HF) and optional boric acid complexation; f) Method CT: Microwave assisted digestion with nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide and tetrafluoroboric acid mixture (2,5 ml H2O2; 5 ml HNO3; 0,8 ml HBF4); g) Method D: Digestion of the ashed SRF sample with fluxing agent lithium metaborate in an oven at 1 050 °C. This document is applicable for the following major and minor/trace elements: — Major elements: aluminium (Al), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), silicon (Si) and titanium (Ti). — Minor/trace elements: arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), tin (Sn), thallium (Tl), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn). Method A is applicable for general use for SRF and ashed SRFs, but the amount of the test portion can be very low in case of high concentration of organic matter. Method AT can be used if an alternative to HF is necessary. Method B with a higher volume of nitric acid is applicable for SRFs with high organic matter (e.g. suitable for high plastic content) that can be difficult to digest with less nitric acid or as a substitute for method A if appropriate equipment is not available. Method BT can be used if an alternative to HF is necessary. Method C with combination of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide and addition of hydrofluoric acid is applicable for wood based SRFs (e.g. demolition wood) or when there is a need for comparability to solid biofuel standards. Method CT can be used if an alternative to HF is necessary. Method D is specifically applicable for determination of major elements in ashed SRF samples. XRF can be used for the analysis of major elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Si, Ti) after ashing (815 °C) of the samples and several major and minor/trace elements in SRF can be analysed by XRF after suitable calibration provided that the concentration levels are above instrumental detection limits of the XRF instrumentation and after proper preliminary testing and validation. Digestion methods with HF and subsequent boric acid complexation or application of method D are applicable for determination of Si and Ti (better digestion efficiency). Alternative digestion methods can be applied, if their performance is proved to be comparable with those of the methods described in this document.

This document specifies the data transfer models between roadside equipment (RSE) and integrated circuit cards (ICCs) and the interface descriptions between the RSE and on-board equipment (OBE) for on-board accounts using an ICC. It also provides examples of interface definitions and transactions deployed in several countries. This document covers: — data transfer models between the RSE and ICC which correspond to the categorized operational requirements and the data transfer mechanism for each model; — the interface definition between the RSE and OBE based on each data transfer model; — the interface definition for each model; — the functional configuration; — RSE command definitions for ICC access; — the data format and data element definitions of RSE commands; — a transaction example for each model (Annex B).

This document provides product assurance requirements and recommendations for commercial satellites throughout all phases. This document is applicable to the prime contractor, subcontractors and suppliers.

This document specifies a data model of visualization elements for 3D data exchange for error information feedback between product lifecycle management (PLM) and manufacturing execution system (MES or MOM: manufacturing operations management) in the engineering plant industry. The followings are within the scope of this document: a) data model of visualization elements for the engineering plant industry with complex and long-lifespan products; b) definitions of the properties of the data model for the visualization elements of the PLM-MES interface; c) relationship with the information model of visualization elements as defined in ISO 10303-239; d) relationship with the information model of the visualization elements as defined in IEC 62264 series; e) information flow with equipment used in production and related measuring equipment as managed inside MES.

This document specifies a method for the determination of pH of nicotine pouches.

This document specifies test methods for the determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials floating in water. NOTE The disintegration test is a field test performed under natural environmental conditions in a part of the sublittoral zone, the shores of lakes or rivers, and the test samples are immersed to a depth between 1,5 m to 3 m from water surface. This document specifies the general requirements of the apparatus and the procedures for using the test methods described. This document is not suitable for the assessment of disintegration caused by heat or light exposure. The described field test is a disintegration test and not a biodegradation test. Therefore, it cannot be used for demonstrating biodegradation or for making unqualified claims such as “biodegradable in marine environment” and similar.

This document specifies the rating requirements, published ratings and marking provisions of centrifugal refrigerant compressors. This document applies to centrifugal compressors and their performance in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning applications. This document provides guidance and requirements for the industry, including manufacturers, engineers, installers and contractors. It defines the minimum amount of information in a standardized form to enable the evaluation and comparison of different compressors for use in an application and suggests a method to be used to guarantee the accuracy of that information.

This document specifies the outside diameters and thicknesses of tubes, for all metallic materials, to be selected for all uses in aircraft structural and system design.

This document specifies the minimum values for expected strength as a function of time and temperature in the form of reference lines, for use in calculations on polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) injection moulded fittings.

This document specifies the practical use of the fundamental concepts in ISO 11843 in case of the background noise predominance in instrumental analysis. This document specifies basic methods to — extract the stochastic properties of the background noise, — use the stochastic properties to estimate the SD or CV of the response variable, and — calculate the minimum detectable value based on the SD or CV obtained above. The methods described in this document are useful for checking the detection of a certain substance by various types of measurement equipment in which the background noise of the instrumental output predominates over the other sources of measurement uncertainty. Feasible choices are visible and ultraviolet absorption spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, atomic fluorescence spectrometry, luminescence spectrometry, liquid chromatography and gas chromatography.

This document: — describes the functionality of a "local dynamic map" (LDM) in the context of the "bounded secured managed domain" (BSMD); — specifies: — general characteristics of LDM Data Objects (LDM-DOs) that can be stored in an LDM, i.e. information on real objects such as vehicles, road works sections, slow traffic sections, special weather condition sections, which are as a minimum requirement location-referenced and time-referenced; — service access point functions providing interfaces in an ITS station (ITS-S) to access an LDM for: — secure add, update and delete access for ITS-S application processes; — secure read access (query) for ITS-S application processes; — secure notifications (upon subscription) to ITS-S application processes; — management access: — secure registration, de-registration and revocation of ITS-S application processes at LDM; — secure subscription and cancellation of subscriptions of ITS-S application processes; — procedures in an LDM considering: — means for maintaining the content and integrity of the data store; — mechanisms supporting several LDMs in a single ITS station unit.

This document specifies a method for the assessment of the resistance to cold liquids of all rigid furniture surfaces, regardless of materials. It does not apply to leather and textile surfaces. The test is intended to be carried out on a part of the finished furniture, but can be carried out on test panels of the same material, finished in an identical manner to the finished product, and of a size sufficient to meet the requirements of the test. Annex A includes a selection of suitable test liquids. Annex B provides an example for a testing matrix.

This document specifies the functional requirements and test procedures for an acceleration control for pedal error (ACPE) system. This document applies to the systems installed in light vehicles (category M1 and N1)[2] and it does not apply to those installed in large vehicles or motorcycles.

This document specifies terms and definitions that are commonly used in the exhibition and event industry. They are grouped into the following five categories: — individual and entity, which lists and classifies the various types of people involved in the exhibition and event industry; — types of event, which defines the different types of exhibitions and events, including physical, hybrid and online exhibitions and events; — related activities, which describes related activities during the exhibition and event; — physical items, which describes the various composition sizes, facilities and types of printed materials of the exhibition and event; and — others.

This document specifies a procedure for the detection of the DNA transition sequence between the 35S promoter region from cauliflower mosaic virus (P35S) and the neomycin-phosphotransferase gene (nptII) from the Tn5 transposon of Escherichia coli. The P35S-nptII segment is part of a construct which confers resistance to neomycin/kanamycin antibiotics frequently found in genetically modified (GM) plants. The detection method is based on real-time PCR and can be used for qualitative screening purposes. For identification and quantification of a specific GM plant (event) a follow-up analysis has to be carried out. This method is applicable for the analysis of DNA extracted from foodstuffs. It can also be suitable for the analysis of DNA extracted from other products such as feedstuffs and seeds. The application of this method requires the extraction of an adequate amount of amplifiable DNA from the relevant matrix.

This document specifies procedures for DNA extraction from alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seeds and for the specific detection of the herbicide-tolerant alfalfa events J101 and J163 and the lignin-modified alfalfa event KK179 in crop/plant/seed/grain test samples. The detection methods are based on real-time PCR and are targeting the DNA transition sequences between the alfalfa genome and the respective integrated gene construct. The methods can be applied for direct event-specific identification or as a follow-up analysis, if sequences encoding the promoter of the Figwort mosaic virus (P-FMV), the terminator of the nopaline synthase gene from Rhizobium radiobacter (T-nos), or the construct CTP2/CP4-EPSPS (herbicide tolerance) were detected by screening analyses of test samples. In this document, the methods were validated using ground alfalfa seeds and DNA extracted thereof. The PCR methods are also applicable for the analysis of other matrices such as feed and foodstuffs. The application of these PCR methods requires the extraction of an adequate amount of amplifiable DNA from the relevant matrix.

This document gives guidelines for the choice of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods for welds in metals and for the evaluation of the results for quality control purposes, based on quality requirements, material, weld thickness, welding process and extent of testing. This document also specifies general rules and standards to be applied to the different types of testing, for the selection of the method, the techniques and the acceptance levels. Acceptance levels cannot be a direct interpretation of the quality levels defined in ISO 5817 or ISO 10042. They are linked to the overall quality of the produced batch of welds. The requirements specified in this document for acceptance levels for NDT conform with quality levels stated in ISO 5817 or ISO 10042 (moderate, intermediate, stringent) only on a general basis and not in detail for each indication. Annex A gives correlations between quality levels, testing levels and acceptance levels for specific testing techniques. Annex B gives an overview on specific testing techniques of standards linked to quality levels, acceptance levels and testing methods.

This document specifies minimum requirements and minimum performance criteria for conducting a single-laboratory validation study for qualitative (binary) real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods applied to the detection of specific DNA sequences present in foods. The document is applicable to any single-laboratory validation of a qualitative real-time PCR method used for the detection of specific DNA sequences in food and food products (e.g. for the detection of genetically modified foodstuffs and for species determination, including species known to produce allergenic proteins). The document does not apply to single laboratory validation of qualitative microbiological real-time PCR methods. The document does not apply to the evaluation of applicability and practicability with respect to the specific scope of the PCR method.

1.1 This document specifies requirements for the development, validation and routine control of a radiation sterilization process for medical devices. NOTE Although the scope is limited to medical devices, this document can be applicable to other products and equipment. This document covers radiation processes employing irradiators using: a) the radionuclide 60Co or 137Cs; b) a beam from an electron generator; or c) a beam from an X-ray generator. 1.2 This document is not applicable to processes for inactivating viruses or the causative agents of spongiform encephalopathies, such as scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. NOTE For information on such processes, see ISO 22442-1, ISO 22442-2, ISO 22442-3, ISO 13022 and ICH Q5A. 1.2.1 This document does not specify requirements for designating a medical device as sterile. NOTE Regional and national requirements can designate medical devices as sterile. See, for example, EN 556-1 or ANSI/AAMI ST67. 1.2.2 This document does not specify a quality management system for the control of all stages of production of medical devices. NOTE It is not a requirement of this document to have a complete quality management system during manufacture, but the elements of a quality management system that are the minimum necessary to control the sterilization process are normatively referenced at appropriate places in the text (see, in particular, REF Section_sec_4 \r \h Clause 4 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E000000530065006300740069006F006E005F007300650063005F0034000000 ). Attention is drawn to the standards for quality management systems (see ISO 13485) that control all stages of production of medical devices, including the sterilization process. Regional and national regulations for the provision of medical devices can require implementation of a complete quality management system and the assessment of that system by a third party. 1.2.3 This document does not require that biological indicators be used for validation or monitoring of radiation sterilization, nor does it require that a pharmacopoeial test for sterility be carried out for product release. 1.2.4 This document does not specify requirements for occupational safety associated with the design and operation of irradiation facilities. NOTE Regulations on safety requirements for occupational safety related to radiation can exist in some countries. 1.2.5 This document does not specify requirements for the sterilization of used or reprocessed devices.

This document specifies a procedure for the evaluation of the filterability of dry lubricating oils. The procedure only applies to mineral-based oils, since fluids manufactured from other materials (e.g. fire-resistant fluids) can be incompatible with the specified test membranes. This document is applicable to oils of viscosity up to ISO viscosity grade (VG) 100, as defined in ISO 3448. These oils are widely used as hydraulic fluids, and within the range described, the variation in filterability due to viscosity is included within the precision range of this document. The procedure is not suitable for some hydraulic oils on which specific properties are conferred by the use of insoluble or partially soluble additives, or by particularly large molecular species. These additives include some viscosity index modifiers and some friction modifying additives. This document can also be applied to oils of ISO viscosity grades (VG) 150, 220 and 320, as defined in ISO 3448, using the specified 3,0 µm rated membranes. These oils are widely used as heavy-duty lubricants in equipment such as paper making machines and rolling mills. Within the range described, the filterability as defined is not dependent on the viscosity of the oil.

This document specifies a procedure for the evaluation of the filterability of lubricating oils in the presence of water. The procedure only applies to mineral-based oils, since fluids manufactured from other materials (e.g. fire-resistant fluids) can be incompatible with the specified test membranes. This document is applicable to oils of viscosity up to ISO viscosity grade (VG) 100, as defined in ISO 3448. Within the range described, the variation in filterability due to viscosity is included within the precision range of this document. The procedure is not suitable for some hydraulic oils on which specific properties are conferred by the use of insoluble or partially soluble additives, or by particularly large molecular species. These additives include some viscosity index modifiers and some friction modifying additives. This document can also be applied to oils of ISO viscosity grades (VG) 150, 220 and 320, as defined in ISO 3448, using the specified 3,0 µm rated membranes. These oils are widely used as heavy-duty lubricants in equipment such as paper making machines and rolling mills. Within the range described, the filterability as defined is not dependent on the viscosity of the oil.

This document specifies a method of test for the measurement of the propagation resistance of an initial tear in textile conveyor belts, either in full thickness or of the carcass only. This document is applicable to textile belts in installations where there is a risk of longitudinal tearing.

This document specifies the apparatus and the analytical methods for determining the in-can total formaldehyde content in water-dilutable coating materials, where the main sources of formaldehyde are in-can preservatives. This document is also applicable to polymer dispersions.

This document specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for multi-sensor point fire detectors that incorporate a smoke sensor, a carbon monoxide (CO) sensor and, optionally, one or more heat sensors, for use in fire detection and alarm systems installed in buildings (see ISO 7240-1). This document is not applicable to fire detectors using smoke, CO and, optionally heat sensors, which have special characteristics, and which have been developed for specific risks. For the testing of other types of fire detectors using smoke, CO and, optionally, heat sensors working on different principles, this document can therefore be used only for guidance.

This document specifies miniature circuit breakers with tabs (blade-type), Form CB11 for use in road vehicles. It establishes, for this circuit breaker form, the rated current, test procedures, performance requirements and dimensions. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 10924-1 and ISO 10924-2. The numbering of its clauses corresponds to that of ISO 10924-1, whose requirements are applicable, except where modified by requirements particular to this document. This document is applicable to circuit breakers with a rated voltage of 14 V and/or 28 V, a current rating of ≤30 A and a breaking capacity of 2 000 A intended for use in road vehicles with a nominal voltage of 12 V and/or 24 V. The circuit breakers are different in dimensions and functions, such as electric reset, automatic reset, manual reset and switchable. NOTE This type of circuit breaker is intended to be used in similar applications as miniature fuse-links according to ISO 8820-3. While the tab dimensions and current ratings can be the same, there can be differences in performance which the user of these products is advised to consider.

This document defines general terms used in automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) on which are based further specialized sections in various technical fields, as well as the essential terms to be used by non-specialist users in communication with specialists in AIDC.

This document applies to cold-reduced carbon steel sheet of structural quality in grades CR220, CR250, CR280, CR320, and CH550, usually without the use of microalloying elements. The product is intended for structures that include bolting, riveting, and welding. It is generally used in the delivered condition for fabricating purposes, such as bending, forming, and welding. This document does not cover steels designated as commercial quality or drawing qualities (covered in ISO 3574), cold-reduced carbon steel sheet according to hardness requirements (covered in ISO 5954), cold-reduced steel sheet of higher strength with improved formability (covered in ISO 13887), or cold-reduced steel sheet of high tensile strength and low yield point with improved formability (covered in ISO14590).

This document specifies the requirements for steel sheet, in coils and cut lengths, metallic-coated by the continuous hot-dip process, with zinc and zinc-iron alloy coatings. The product is intended for applications requiring corrosion resistance, formability and paintability. The steel sheet is produced in a number of designations, coating masses, surface treatments and coating conditions designed to be compatible with differing application requirements. This document does not cover steel designated as structural quality, which are covered in ISO 4998.[1]

This document specifies the apparatus and the analytical methods for determining the content of in-can isothiazolinone preservatives in water-dilutable coating materials or related products. This document is also applicable to polymer dispersions.

This document provides guidance for the choice and application of automotive circuit breakers. It describes the various parameters that are taken into account when selecting circuit breakers.

This document specifies circuit breakers with a rated voltage of 450 V for use in road vehicles. It establishes, for this circuit breaker type, the rated current, test procedures, performance requirements and dimensions. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 10924-1 and with ISO 10924-2. The numbering of its clauses corresponds to that of ISO 10924-1 whose requirements are applicable, except where modified by requirements particular to this document. This document is applicable to circuit breakers with a rated voltage of 450 V (DC), a current rating of no greater than 300 A and a breaking capacity of 6 000 A.

This document specifies medium circuit breakers with tabs (blade type), Form CB15, for use in road vehicles. It establishes, for this circuit breaker form, the rated current, test procedures, performance requirements and dimensions. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 10924-1 and ISO 10924-2. The numbering of its clauses corresponds to that of ISO 10924-1, whose requirements are applicable, except where modified by requirements particular to this document. This document is applicable to circuit breakers with a rated voltage of 14 V (DC) or 28 V (DC) or 58 V (DC), a current rating of no greater than 40 A and a breaking capacity of 2 000 A, intended for use in road vehicles with a nominal voltage of 12 V (DC) or 24 V (DC) or 48 V (DC). The circuit breakers are different in dimensions and functions, such as electric reset, automatic reset, manual reset and switchable. NOTE This type of circuit breaker is intended to be used in applications such as medium fuse-links in accordance with ISO 8820-3. While the tab dimensions and current ratings can be the same, there can be differences in performance which the user of these products is advised to consider.

This document defines terms and specifies general test requirements for circuit breakers for use in road vehicles with a nominal voltage of 12 V (DC), 24 V (DC), 48 V (DC) and 450 V (DC). This document is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 10924-2, ISO 10924-3, ISO 10924-4 and ISO 10924-5. The numbering of its clauses corresponds to that of the document whose requirements are applicable, except where modified by requirements particular to this document. This document is not applicable to circuit breaker holders (electrical centres or fuse-holders) used in vehicles.