ISO - International Organization for Standardization

This document specifies the requirements for transport unit identifiers (TUID). These requirements supplement those of ISO 8000-115. The following are within the scope of this document: — the methods used to identify the originator of a potential shipment; — the methods used to identify the origin and destination locations of a potential shipment; — the requirements for the representation of the originator, origin, and destination locations of a potential shipment in a single identifier. The following are outside the scope of this document: — the methods used to identify shipments in the transport phase; — the identification of the goods movement phase.

This document specifies the requirements and test methods for factory-made cellular glass products which are used for thermal insulation of buildings. The products are manufactured in the form of slabs, faced or unfaced boards, and one-sided blocks. Products covered by this document are also used in prefabricated thermal insulation systems and composite panels. The performance of systems incorporating these products is not covered. This document describes product characteristics and test methods, designation code, marking and labelling. This document does not apply to: — products with a declared thermal conductivity greater than 0,056 W/(m K) at 25 °C; — products for the insulation for the building equipment and industrial installations. This document does not specify the required level of a given property to be achieved by a product to demonstrate fitness for purpose in a particular application. Specific requirements agreed between the purchaser and the supplier, e.g. type, dimensions and forms, regulatory compliance and inspection requirements or certification requirements are outside the scope of this document.

This document specifies power usage effectiveness (PUE) as a key performance indicator (KPI) to quantify the efficient use of energy. This document: a) defines the PUE of a data centre; b) introduces PUE measurement categories; c) describes the relationship of this KPI to a data centre’s infrastructure, information technology equipment and information technology operations; d) defines the measurement, the calculation and the reporting of the parameter; e) provides information on the correct interpretation of the PUE. PUE derivatives are described in Clause 9.

This document provides the minimum requirements for the knowledge and skills of assessment body testers and validators performing testing activities and validating activities for a conformance scheme using ISO/IEC 19790 and ISO/IEC 24759.

This document specifies a method of test for determining the ignitability of products by direct small flame impingement under zero impressed irradiance using vertically oriented test specimens.

This document specifies requirements for fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets for upgrading of concrete members for material suppliers. The methodologies to express the mechanical properties as characteristic values, appearance and dimensions, and sampling test are specified in this document. The fibre orientation of the FRP sheets covered by this document is unidirectional.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the transverse rupture strength of sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals. The method is particularly suitable for comparing the sintered strength of a batch of metal powder with that of a reference powder or with a reference strength. The method is applicable to sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals, whether they have been subjected to heat treatment after sintering or not, and also to materials that have been sized or coined after sintering. It is especially suitable for materials having a uniform hardness throughout their section and negligible ductility, i.e. a ductility corresponding to a permanent deformation of less than about 0,5 mm measured between the two supports during the transverse rupture strength determination. NOTE The permanent deformation can be measured with sufficient precision from the two fragments of the broken or cracked bar by indexing the lower surface. Alternatively, the deflection of a straight line drawn horizontally on the side of the test piece can be measured using an optical instrument such as a measuring microscope or optical comparator.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the changes in colour of opaque sealants after laboratory accelerated weathering procedures using artificial light sources. This document is not applicable to metallic, pearlescent, translucent or transparent sealants.

This document defines the functionality of dead keys and repertoires of characters entered by dead keys within the general scope described in ISO/IEC 9995-1. This document is primarily intended for word-processing and text-processing applications.

This document specifies requirements for the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of stations for fuelling liquefied natural gas (LNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices. This document also specifies the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of fuelling stations using LNG as an onsite source for supplying compressed natural gas (CNG) to vehicles, commonly referred to as liquefied-to-compressed natural gas (LCNG) fuelling stations, including safety and control devices of the station and specific LCNG fuelling station equipment. NOTE Specific CNG equipment is dealt with in ISO 16923. This document is applicable to fuelling stations receiving LNG and other liquefied methane-rich gases such as bio LNG which comply with local applicable gas composition regulations or with the gas quality requirements of ISO 13686. This document covers all equipment from the LNG storage tank unloading connection up to (but not including) the fuelling nozzle on the vehicle. The LNG storage tank unloading connection itself and the vehicle fuelling nozzle are not covered in this document. This document applies to fuelling stations having the following characteristics: — private access; — public access (self-service or assisted); — metered dispensing and non-metered dispensing; — fuelling stations with fixed LNG storage; — fuelling stations with mobile LNG storage; — movable fuelling stations; — mobile fuelling stations; — multi-fuel stations. This document does not apply to: — equipment, piping, or tubing downstream of the gas pressure regulator for closed boil-off gas systems; — liquefaction equipment.

This document applies to pressure differential system kits and components, positioned on the market and intended to operate as part of a pressure differential system. The purpose of a pressure differential system is to prevent protected spaces from smoke spread by using pressure difference and airflow. This document specifies characteristics and test methods for components and kits for pressure differential systems to produce and control the required pressure differential and airflow between protected and unprotected space.

This document specifies the installation and operational requirements for the utilization of swappable batteries aboard ships.

This document defines general information and use cases for providing road safety enhancement services to all types of road users with a nomadic device in urban localized areas by sharing status or intent messages between nomadic device users and conventional ITS stations. The road users in this document include all type of road users with nomadic device such as vulnerable road users (VRU) including pedestrians, bicyclists, kickboard users, as well as connected automated mobility users including conventional vehicles, automated or connected driving system equipped vehicles. In addition, this document considers a sensor-equipped roadside ITS station with AI-supported road user behaviour detection function to support overall road safety enhancement services by sharing status or intents information of all type of road users such as VRUs without a nomadic device and road vehicles without equipped ITS stations. This document also specifies general information, such as category of nomadic device supported road safety service, overall access technology in nomadic device, actors, and communication architecture to support use cases. This document also defines safety enhancement use cases to enhance overall road safety of all types of road users with nomadic device as well as road users without nomadic device with a connectivity of sensor-equipped roadside ITS station. The use cases are applicable to provide road safety enhancement service in a specific urban localized area such as an un-signalized intersection, T-intersection, roundabout, low speed zone, school zone, no turn on red zone, weaving area, etc.

This document identifies the sections of the keyboard and specifies the general shape and relative placement of the sections. Spacing of keys and physical characteristics are covered, as are the principles governing the placement of characters and symbols on keys. It specifies a key numbering system which applies to all types of numeric, alphanumeric and composite keyboards of information technology equipment (ITE). It specifies the principles governing the placement of characters and symbols on keys used on all types of numeric, alphanumeric and composite keyboards of ITE. Although the keyboard defined by the ISO/IEC 9995 series can be used for different languages, the specifications are written as applying to Latin languages with a character path from left to right and a line progression from top to bottom. It defines characteristics related to interface 1 in Figure 1.

This document defines and establishes methodologies for a set of indicators to steer and measure the performance of organizations in terms of sustainability. The requirements and guidance in this document can be used to implement these tourism sustainability indicators. This document is applicable to any organization in the tourism value chain that wishes to: a) monitor, measure, analyse and evaluate the sustainability performance of the organization; b) ensure its conformity with its defined sustainability policy; c) measure, evaluate and monitor the results of sustainable practices implemented at the organization; d) evaluate the fulfilment of the established sustainability objectives; e) monitor compliance with applicable legislation.

This document specifies procedures for quantification of asbestos mass fractions below approximately 5 %, and for quantitative determination of asbestos in vermiculite, other industrial minerals and commercial products that incorporate these minerals. This document is applicable to the quantitative analysis of: a) any material for which the estimate of asbestos mass fraction obtained using ISO 22262-1 is deemed to be of insufficient precision to reliably classify the regulatory status of the material (i.e. whether the material is subject to asbestos regulations in the particular jurisdiction) or for which it is considered necessary to obtain further evidence to demonstrate the absence of asbestos; b) resilient floor tiles, asphaltic materials, roofing felts and any other materials in which asbestos is embedded in an organic matrix; c) wall and ceiling plasters, with or without aggregate; d) vermiculite and commercial products containing vermiculite; e) mineral powders such as talc, wollastonite, sepiolite, attapulgite (palygorskite), calcite or dolomite, and commercial products containing these minerals. This document primarily applies to samples in which asbestos has been identified at estimated mass fractions lower than approximately 5 % by sample mass. This document is also applicable to samples that can contain asbestos at low mass fractions incorporated into matrix material such that microscopical examination of the untreated sample is either not possible or unreliable.

This document addresses the development of a building commissioning (Cx) plan for new construction, major renovations, or system and assembly replacement projects. The commissioning plan incorporates commissioning activities which begin during early project stages, and continue through pre-design, design, construction, turnover and the first year of operation. The commissioning plan is developed during the design stage and also address later stages of the project. The commissioning plan presents the intended process to verify and document that the quality of the built project in operation meets the requirements of the owner. This document provides an overarching process for the planning of commissioning any aspect of a building project and is intended for use with system or discipline specific standards. This document does not include retro-commissioning or recommissioning in existing buildings.

This document specifies a method for the quantification of individual and/or all fatty acids content in the profile of milk, milk products, infant formula and adult nutritional formula, containing milk fat and/or vegetable oils, supplemented or not supplemented with oils rich in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). This also includes groups of fatty acids often labelled [i.e. trans fatty acids (TFA), saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), omega-3, omega-6 and omega-9 fatty acids] and/or individual fatty acids [i.e. linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)]. The determination is performed by direct transesterification in food matrices, without prior fat extraction, and consequently it is applicable to liquid samples or reconstituted powder samples with water having total fat ≥ 1,5 % (mass fraction). The fat extracted from products containing less than 1,5 % (mass fraction) fat can be analysed with the same method after a preliminary fat extraction using methods referenced in Clause 2. Dairy products, such as soft or hard cheeses with acidity level ≤ 1 mmol/100 g of fat, can be analysed after a preliminary fat extraction using methods referenced in Clause 2. For products supplemented or enriched with PUFA with fish oil or algae origins, the evaporation of solvents is performed at the lowest possible temperature (e.g. max. 40 °C) to recover these sensitive fatty acids.

This document specifies a semi-micro nitrogen determination method for total volatile basic nitrogen in meat, including livestock and poultry, and fish products.

This document gives guidance to organizations on planning for and addressing occupational health and safety (OH&S) risks arising from climate change and climate change action, including: — OH&S risks which arise as a result of climate change adaptation efforts, including changing ways of working and work processes, and infrastructure upgrades; — OH&S risks arising from climate change mitigation actions; — OH&S opportunities arising from both climate change adaptation and mitigation actions. This document is applicable to all organizations taking a systematic approach to addressing OH&S risks arising from climate change. It is applicable to organizations of all sizes including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

This document specifies a method for the enumeration of the characteristic microorganisms Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (in short: L. bulgaricus) and Streptococcus thermophilus (in short: S. thermophilus) by means of the colony-count technique. The method is applicable to yoghurts (for the definition see CXS 243‑2003[7]). The colony-count technique (pour plates) is suitable for, but not limited to, the enumeration of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus in test samples with a minimum of 10 colonies counted on a plate. This corresponds to a level of the characteristic microorganisms L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus that is expected to be higher than 100 cfu/g. The colony-count technique (spread plates) is suitable for, but not limited to, the enumeration of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus in test samples with a minimum of 10 colonies counted on a plate. This corresponds to a level of the characteristic microorganisms L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus that is expected to be higher than 1 000 cfu/g.

This document specifies requirements for six types of wire-braid-reinforced hoses and hose assemblies of nominal size from 5 to 51. This document also specifies the hose of nominal size 63 for types 2SN and R2AT, and the hose of nominal size 76 for type 2SN. They are suitable for use with: — oil-based hydraulic fluids HH, HL, HM, HR and HV as defined in ISO 6743-4 at temperatures ranging from −40 °C to +100 °C; — water-based fluids HFC, HFAE, HFAS and HFB as defined in ISO 6743-4 at temperatures ranging from −40 °C to + 70 °C; — water at temperatures ranging from 0 °C to + 70 °C. This document does not apply to the connection ends. It is limited to the performance of hoses and hose assemblies. NOTE 1 The hose assembly maximum working pressure is governed by the lowest maximum working pressure of the components. NOTE 2 It is the responsibility of the user, in consultation with the hose manufacturer, to establish the compatibility of the hose with the fluid to be used.

This document specifies the determination of nitrite and nitrate content by continuous flow analysis (CFA) method in meat, poultry and their products.

This document specifies the requirements for the installation of compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) propulsion systems and components on small crafts. This document does not cover appliances with directly attached gas cylinders, such as portable container.

This document specifies the procedure to measure or to verify the aiming of the luminous beams emitted by the front lighting devices installed on road motor vehicles excluding mopeds and motorcycles. This document prescribes the provisions specifying: a) the test conditions and test area plane; b) the preparation of the vehicle under test; c) the procedure using equipment with a distant aiming screen; d) the procedure using movable front-lighting testing system; e) the photometric measurement.

This document specifies test procedures for determining the stability of contact lenses once they are placed in their final packaging during storage and distribution. NOTE The results obtained can be used for determining the expiry date.

This document specifies a test method for the detection of nano-objects release, irrespective of its causes, from surgical masks, surgical respirator masks and barrier face coverings [reusable (regardless of washing characteristics) and disposable types] containing nano-objects, irrespective of the type of production technology. In addition, this document also provides the sampling procedures and qualitative characterization methods for released nano-objects. This document can be used to show the possible exposure due to release, which relates to human health and safety.

This document specifies requirements for the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of stations for fuelling compressed natural gas (CNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices up to the fuelling nozzle to the vehicle. This document applies to fuelling stations supplied with natural gas as defined in local applicable gas composition regulations or ISO 13686. It also applies to other gases meeting these requirements. This document also applies to portions of a fuelling station where natural gas is in a gaseous state and dispensing CNG derived from liquefied natural gas (LCNG) according to ISO 16924. This document covers all equipment for downstream gas supply connection (i.e. point of separation between the CNG fuelling station piping and the pipeline network). Fuelling station nozzle are not defined in this document. This document covers fuelling stations with the following characteristics: — slow fill; — fast fill; — private access; — public access (self-service or assisted); — fuelling stations with fixed storage; — fuelling stations with mobile storage (daughter station); — multi-fuel stations. This document is not applicable to vehicle to vehicle transfer or vehicle refuelling appliances (VRA). NOTE This document is based on the condition that the gas entering the fuelling station is odorized. For unodorized gas fuelling stations, additional safety requirements are included in Clause 10.

This document specifies the general requirements and provides guidance for the development and application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to detect microorganisms and associated genetic markers (e.g. antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence genes) in the food chain. This document is applicable to all LAMP methods, platforms, and items from the food chain and laboratories. This document does not apply to the use of LAMP for quantification. Validation and verification of LAMP methods as either alternative or reference methods are not covered in this document. Both validation and verification of microbiological methods are described in detail in the ISO 16140 series and ISO 17468. General requirements for isothermal methods including LAMP for molecular biomarker analysis are given in ISO 22942-1, and general requirements and definitions for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection and quantification of microorganisms in the food chain are given in ISO 22174. This document has been established for microorganisms in the food chain and is applicable to: — products intended for human consumption; — products for feeding animals; — environmental samples in the area of food and feed production and handling; — samples from the primary production stage for the above items.

This document gives guidance on the evaluation of projects and programmes after they have been closed, including guidance to the reviewers and contributors involved in these evaluations. Post-project or post-programme evaluations focus on evaluating the achievement of objectives, actual outcomes and actual realization of benefits, whether the outcomes or benefits are likely to fulfil expectations in future and the effectiveness of governance and management of the project or programme. This document includes guidance for setting, planning, organizing and conducting post-project and post-programme evaluations. It is applicable to any organization, including public, private and charitable, as well as, to any type of project or programme, regardless of purpose, delivery approaches, life cycle model used, complexity, size, cost or duration. This document does not apply to evaluations that occur before projects or programmes have started or during the implementation of a project or programme.

This document provides general procedures for the selection of methods, preparation of samples, and the conduct of testing for the uptake and release of preservatives from contact lenses. Preservative uptake and release testing is not intended as a routine test of production contact lenses or contact lens care products nor are testing results meant to establish finished goods specifications in any way. Such testing is carried out when developing new contact lens materials and/or contact lens care products. NOTE 1 Due to the manifest difficulties of reproducibility when coating contact lenses with mineral and organic deposits encountered during lens wear, these methods are only applicable to new and unused contact lenses. NOTE 2 Preservative depletion by a contact lens in the limited volume of a lens case could compromise disinfection performance. This document does not measure disinfection performance.

This document defines terms relating to safety glazing materials for road vehicles.

This document defines biometric services used for identity assurance that are invoked over a services-based framework. It provides a generic set of biometric and identity-related functions and associated data definitions to allow remote access to biometric services. The binding of these services to specific frameworks is not included in this document but is the subject of other parts of the ISO/IEC 30108 series. Although focused on biometrics, this document includes support for other related identity assurance mechanisms such as biographic and document capabilities. IAVS is intended to be compatible with and used in conjunction with other biometric standards as described in Clause 6. Specification of biometric functionality is limited to remote (backend) services. Services between a client-side application and biometric capture devices are not within the scope of this document. Integration of biometric services as part of an authentication service or protocol is not within the scope of this document.

This document defines terms related to graphical symbols, principally symbols for public information safety signs and use on equipment. This document does not include terms related to graphical symbols for diagrams (technical product documentation (TPD) symbols). The definitions are intended to serve as a basis for consideration by those concerned with producing new standards or revising existing ones.

This document specifies the dimensional requirements of high-pressure liquid fuel pipe end-connections for gasoline (spark ignition) engine fuel injection equipment. It is applicable to externally threaded end-connections having a 60° concave cone (see Figure 1), as well as to the pipe end assemblies of high-pressure fuel injection pipes with outside diameters of up to and including 10 mm (see Table 1).

This document specifies the procedure for measuring the capacity of a high-speed or medium-speed engine to generate vibration and the determination of the frequency limits of validity of the information quoted. The method described in this document is not suitable for low-speed engines. This document describes an engineering and not a precision method. Whether the tests are carried out on the test bed or on site will be agreed between the user and the manufacturer. This document is applicable to high-speed and medium-speed reciprocating internal combustion engines for land, rail traction and marine use; this document is not applicable to engines used to propel agricultural tractors, road vehicles and aircraft. This document can also be applied to engines used to propel road-construction and earth-moving machines, industrial trucks and for other applications with engines where no suitable International Standard exists.

This document specifies expected field loads for functions provided by the braking system actuator and modulator and applies to passenger cars and light commercial vehicles (classes M1 and N1, according to UNECE). Functions addressed in this document are: — dynamic stability functions (e.g. electronic stability control); — brake torque optimizing functions (e.g. electronic brake force distribution); — brake assistance functions (e.g. hill start assist). This document only covers functions where data of appropriate maturity are available. There are additional functions of a braking system, which are not covered by this document. By describing the expected field loads, this document specifies representative manoeuvres and occurrences for different functions. These serve as an orientation for the derivation of test procedures. This document applies to vehicles up to conditional automation (SAE J 3016 level 3). NOTE Field loads for automation levels above level 3 are under consideration for future editions.

This document specifies methods for determining the density (dry density or fully impregnated density), oil content (related to test piece volume and related to open porosity) and open porosity of permeable sintered metal materials. This document applies in particular to porous metal bearings and to structural parts produced by pressing and sintering metal powders.

This document specifies a method for the measurement of effective focal spot dimensions > 0,2 µm of X-ray systems by means of the edge method applied to digital images taken from hole type or disk type test objects if no phase contrast is observed. The imaging quality and the resolution of X-ray images depends highly on the characteristics of the effective focal spot, in particular its size and two-dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the detector plane. This document specifies procedures for determining the effective size (dimensions) of standard, mini and micro focal spots of industrial X-ray tubes for users in applications where the pin hole method according to ISO 32543-1 is not applicable. The method specified in this document is applicable for measurement and long-term monitoring of focal spot sizes without a pin hole camera. This document can be used by manufacturers, if special hole test objects manufactured with lower tolerances according to 6.2.1 are applied (see Figure 1). For measurements of the effective focal spot size, the accuracy of the method in this document is lower than the methods specified in ISO 32543-1 (pin hole method) and ISO 32543-3 (microfocus tubes) if using ASTM hole plate IQIs (see ASTM E1025, ASTM E1742), due to its manufacturing tolerance of ±10 %. NOTE For characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (i.e. for advertising or trade), the nominal values of Annex A are preferred.

This document establishes a system for the transliteration of Armenian characters into Latin characters, in accordance with the principles of stringent conversion in order to permit international information exchange, particularly by electronic means. This document can be used anyone with a clear understanding of the system, and is certain that it can be applied without ambiguity. This document focuses on the unambiguous written conversion. The correct pronunciation of the original text is out of the scope of this document.

This document defines terms related to the functions, products, and properties in geosynthetics, and terms used in International Standards on geosynthetics.

This document establishes a system for the transliteration of Georgian characters into Latin characters, in accordance with the principles of stringent conversion in order to permit international information exchange, particularly by electronic means. This document can be used anyone who has a clear understanding of the system, and is certain that it can be applied without ambiguity. This document focuses on the unambiguous written conversion. The correct pronunciation of the original text is out of the scope of this document.

This document provides guidance for the specification of design fires for use in fire safety engineering analysis of building and structures in the built environment. The design fire is intended to be used in an engineering analysis to determine consequences in fire safety engineering (FSE) analyses.

This document defines terms related to gene transfer for mammalian systems, including the use of viral and non-viral gene delivery systems and via mechanical mechanisms. This document is applicable to the development, measurement, and use of gene delivery systems for all applications.

This document specifies the test method for assessing the propensity of textile floor coverings to soiling in the absence of abrasive wear and texture changes using a standard artificial soil composition. This document applies to the testing of unused textile floor coverings of all types. This document can also be extended to assess the effects of fibre finishes, cleaning chemicals and cleaning equipment (see Annex A).

This document specifies a method for the measurement of focal spot sizes within the range of 5 µm to 300 µm of X-ray systems up to and including 225 kV tube voltage. This determination is based on the evaluation of an image with a dedicated focal spot that has been radiographically recorded using an edge and evaluated with a digital method. The imaging quality and the resolution of X-ray images depend highly on the characteristics of the effective focal spot, in particular its size and the two-dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the detector plane. For the characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (i.e. for advertising or trade), the nominal values of Annex A are preferred. NOTE The same procedure can be used at higher kilovoltages by agreement but the accuracy of the measurement can be poorer.