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35.140 - Computer graphics

ICS 35.140 Details

Computer graphics

Computergrafik

Infographie

Računalniška grafika

General Information

Parent
35 - INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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Standardization Organization
Technical Committee
Directive
Mandate
50
ISO
ISO/IEC 21145:2023(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Style representation for mixed and augmented reality

This document specifies: 1) Constructs for representing and specifying various augmentation and presentation styles. While augmentations can be in modalities other than the visual (e.g. aural, haptic), this work addresses the visual augmentation style only. 2) A model for how to associate the stylization constructs to the augmentation objects. Specifically, the MAR behavior object in ISO/IEC 3721 is extended for this purpose. 3) Other miscellaneous functionalities and abstractions that support the stylization of augmentation objects.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 3721:2023(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation —Information model for mixed and augmented reality content — Core objects and attributes

This document specifies the information model for representing the mixed and augmented reality (MAR) scene/contents description, namely, information constructs for: a) representing the virtual reality scene graph and structure such that a comprehensive range of mixed and augmented reality contents can also be represented; b) representing physical objects in the mixed and augmented reality scene targeted for augmentation; c) representing physical objects as augmentation to other (virtual or physical) objects in the mixed and augmented reality scene; d) providing ways to spatially associate aforementioned physical objects with the corresponding target objects (virtual or physical) in the mixed and augmented reality scene; e) providing other necessary functionalities and abstractions that will support the dynamic MAR scene description such as event/data mapping, and dynamic augmentation behaviours; f) describing the association between these constructs and the MAR system which is responsible for taking and interpreting this information model and rendering/presenting it out through the MAR display device.

  • Standard
    29 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC TS 5147:2023(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Guidelines for representation and visualization of smart cities

This document specifies guidelines for the representation and visualization of smart cities. This document: describes the concepts of a smart city, smart city object and smart city data, describes categories of data associated with smart cities,provides guidance for representation of smart cities, describes guidance for visualization of smart cities, provides guidance in selecting the appropriate representation and visualization technique for different categories of smart city data using standards, and provides use cases for applying standards to the representation and visualization of smart cities.

  • Technical specification
    34 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 23488:2022(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environment data representation — Object/environmental representation for image-based rendering in virtual/mixed and augmented reality (VR/MAR)

This document specifies an image-based representation model that represents target objects/environments using a set of images and optionally the underlying 3D model for accurate and efficient objects/environments representation at an arbitrary viewpoint. It is applicable to a wide range of graphic, virtual reality and mixed reality applications which require the method of representing a scene with various objects and environments. This document: — defines terms for image-based representation and 3D reconstruction techniques; — specifies the required elements for image-based representation; — specifies a method of representing the real world in the virtual space based on image-based representation; — specifies how visible image patches can be integrated with the underlying 3D model for more accurate and rich objects/environments representation from arbitrary viewpoints; — specifies how the proposed model allows multi-object representation; — provides an XML based specification of the proposed representation model and an actual implementation example (see Annex A).

  • Standard
    15 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC TS 23884:2021(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Material property and parameter representation for model-based haptic simulation of objects in virtual, mixed and augmented reality (VR/MAR)

This document specifies: — physical and material parameters of virtual or real objects expressed to support comprehensive haptic rendering methods, such as stiffness, friction and micro-textures; — a flexible specification of the haptic rendering algorithm itself. It supplements other standards that describe scene or content description and information models for virtual and mixed reality, such as ISO/IEC 19775 and ISO/IEC 3721-1.

  • Technical specification
    10 pages
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  • Technical specification
    10 pages
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CLC
EN 63029:2017(Main)
Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment - Multimedia e-publishing and e-book technologies - Raster-graphics image-based e-books
SIST EN 63029:2018

IEC 63029:2017 specifies the scanning scheme to develop raster-graphics image-based e-books from existing printed books.

  • Standard
    21 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18038:2020(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental representation — Sensor representation in mixed and augmented reality

This document defines the framework and information reference model for representing sensor-based 3D mixed-reality worlds. It defines concepts, an information model, architecture, system functions, and how to integrate 3D virtual worlds and physical sensors in order to provide mixed-reality applications with physical sensor interfaces. It defines an exchange format necessary for transferring and storing data between physical sensor-based mixed-reality applications. This document specifies the following functionalities: a) representation of physical sensors in a 3D scene; b) definition of physical sensors in a 3D scene; c) representation of functionalities of each physical sensor in a 3D scene; d) representation of physical properties of each physical sensor in a 3D scene; e) management of physical sensors in a 3D scene; f) interface with physical sensor information in a 3D scene. This document defines a reference model for physical sensor-based mixed-reality applications to represent and to exchange functions of physical sensors in 3D scenes. It does not define specific physical interfaces necessary for manipulating physical devices, but rather defines common functional interfaces that can be used interchangeably between applications. This document does not define how specific applications are implemented with specific physical sensor devices. It does not include computer generated sensor information using computer input/output devices such as a mouse or a keyboard. The sensors in this document represent physical sensor devices in the real world.

  • Standard
    61 pages
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  • Standard
    61 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18040:2019(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Live actor and entity representation in mixed and augmented reality (MAR)

This document defines a reference model and base components for representing and controlling a single LAE or multiple LAEs in an MAR scene. It defines concepts, a reference model, system framework, functions and how to integrate a 2D/3D virtual world and LAEs, and their interfaces, in order to provide MAR applications with interfaces of LAEs. It also defines an exchange format necessary for transferring and storing LAE-related data between LAE-based MAR applications. This document specifies the following functionalities: a) definitions for an LAE in MAR; b) representation of an LAE; c) representation of properties of an LAE; d) sensing of an LAE in a physical world; e) integration of an LAE into a 2D/3D virtual scene; f) interaction between an LAE and objects in a 2D/3D virtual scene; g) transmission of information related to an LAE in an MAR scene. This document defines a reference model for LAE representation-based MAR applications to represent and to exchange data related to LAEs in a 2D/3D virtual scene in an MAR scene. It does not define specific physical interfaces necessary for manipulating LAEs, that is, it does not define how specific applications need to implement a specific LAE in an MAR scene, but rather defines common functional interfaces for representing LAEs that can be used interchangeably between MAR applications.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    39 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18039:2019(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Mixed and augmented reality (MAR) reference model

This document defines the scope and key concepts of mixed and augmented reality, the relevant terms and their definitions and a generalized system architecture that together serve as a reference model for mixed and augmented reality (MAR) applications, components, systems, services and specifications. This architectural reference model establishes the set of required sub-modules and their minimum functions, the associated information content and the information models to be provided and/or supported by a compliant MAR system. The reference model is intended for use by current and future developers of MAR applications, components, systems, services or specifications to describe, compare, contrast and communicate their architectural design and implementation. The MAR reference model is designed to apply to MAR systems independent of specific algorithms, implementation methods, computational platforms, display systems and sensors or devices used. This document does not specify how a particular MAR application, component, system, service or specification is designed, developed or implemented. It does not specify the bindings of those designs and concepts to programming languages or the encoding of MAR information through any coding technique or interchange format. This document contains a list of representative system classes and use cases with respect to the reference model.

  • Standard
    61 pages
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  • Standard
    61 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18520:2019(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Benchmarking of vision-based spatial registration and tracking methods for mixed and augmented reality (MAR)

This document identifies the reference framework for the benchmarking of vision-based spatial registration and tracking (vSRT) methods for mixed and augmented reality (MAR). The framework provides typical benchmarking processes, benchmark indicators and trial set elements that are necessary to successfully identify, define, design, select and apply benchmarking of vSRT methods for MAR. It also provides definitions for terms on benchmarking of vSRT methods for MAR. In addition, this document provides a conformance checklist as a tool to clarify how each benchmarking activity conforms to this document in a compact form by declaring which benchmarking processes and benchmark indicators are included and what types of trial sets are used in each benchmarking activity.

  • Standard
    61 pages
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  • Standard
    61 pages
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CLC
EN 63029:2017/AC:2018-02(Corrigendum)
Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment - Multimedia e-publishing and e-book technologies - Raster-graphics image-based e-books
SIST EN 63029:2018/AC:2018

IEC corrigendum

  • Corrigendum
    3 pages
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IEC
IEC 63029:2017/COR1:2018(Corrigendum)
Corrigendum 1 - Audio, video multimedia systems and equipment - Multimedia e-publishing and e-book technologies - Raster-graphics image-based e-books
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  • Standard
    2 pages
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IEC
IEC 63029:2017(Main)
Audio, video multimedia systems and equipment - Multimedia e-publishing and e-book technologies - Raster-graphics image-based e-books

IEC 63029:2017 specifies the scanning scheme to develop raster-graphics image-based e-books from existing printed books.
The contents of the corrigendum of January 2018 have been included in this copy.

  • Standard
    18 pages
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  • Standard
    38 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18025:2014(Main)
Information technology — Environmental Data Coding Specification (EDCS)

ISO/IEC 18025:2014 provides mechanisms to specify unambiguously objects used to model environmental concepts. To accomplish this, a collection of nine EDCS dictionaries of environmental concepts are specified: classifications: specify the type of environmental objects; attributes: specify the state of environmental objects; attribute value characteristics: specify information concerning the values of attributes; attribute enumerants: specify the allowable values for the state of an enumerated attribute; units: specify quantitative measures of the state of some environmental objects; unit scales: allow a wide range of numerical values to be stated; unit equivalence classes: specify sets of units that are mutually comparable; organizational schemas: useful for locating classifications and attributes sharing a common context; and groups: into which concepts sharing a common context are collected. A functional interface is also specified. As denoting and encoding a concept requires a standard way of identifying the concept, ISO/IEC 18025:2014 specifies labels and codes in the dictionaries. ISO/IEC 18025:2014 specifies environmental phenomena in categories that include, but are not limited to, the following: abstract concepts (e.g., absolute latitude accuracy, geodetic azimuth); airborne particulates and aerosols (e.g., cloud, dust, fog, snow); animals (e.g., civilian, fish, human, whale pod); atmosphere and atmospheric conditions (e.g., air temperature, humidity, rain rate, sensible and latent heat, wind speed and direction); bathymetric physiography (e.g., bar, channel, continental shelf, guyot, reef, seamount, waterbody floor region); electromagnetic and acoustic phenomena (e.g., acoustic noise, frequency, polarization, sound speed profile, surface reflectivity); equipment (e.g., aircraft, spacecraft, tent, train, vessel); extraterrestrial phenomena (e.g., asteroid, comet, planet); hydrology (e.g., lake, rapids, river, swamp); ice (e.g., iceberg, ice field, ice peak, ice shelf, glacier); man-made structures and their interiors (e.g., bridge, building, hallway, road, room, tower); ocean and littoral surface phenomena (e.g., beach profile, current, surf, tide, wave); ocean floor (e.g., coral, rock, sand); oceanographic conditions (e.g., luminescence, salinity, specific gravity, turbidity, water current speed); physiography (e.g., cliff, gorge, island, mountain, reef, strait, valley region); space (e.g., charged particle species, ionospheric scintillation, magnetic field, particle density, solar flares); surface materials (e.g., concrete, metal, paint, soil); and vegetation (e.g., crop land, forest, grass land, kelp bed, tree).

  • Standard
    130 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 9973:2013(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics, image processing and environmental data representation — Procedures for registration of items

ISO/IEC 9973:2013 specifies procedures to be followed in preparing, maintaining and publishing the International Register of Items for any standard whose classes of items are applicable to this register. The items that may be registered fall into several broad categories including: computer graphics concepts, data structures used by relevant standards, spatial and environmental concepts, and profiles of relevant standards.

  • Standard
    29 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18024-4:2006/Amd 1:2012(Amendment)
Information technology — SEDRIS language bindings — Part 4: C — Amendment 1
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18023-1:2006/Amd 1:2012(Amendment)
Information technology — SEDRIS — Part 1: Functional specification — Amendment 1
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    5 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18023-3:2006/Amd 1:2012(Amendment)
Information technology — SEDRIS — Part 3: Transmittal format binary encoding — Amendment 1
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18042-4:2006/Amd 1:2011(Amendment)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Spatial Reference Model (SRM) language bindings — Part 4: C — Amendment 1
  • Standard
    3 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 18026:2009(Main)
Information technology — Spatial Reference Model (SRM)

ISO/IEC 18026:2009 specifies the Spatial Reference Model (SRM) defining relevant aspects of spatial positioning and related information processing. The SRM allows precise and unambiguous specification of geometric properties such as position (location), direction, and distance. The SRM addresses the needs of a broad community of users, who have a range of accuracy and performance requirements in computationally intensive applications. Aspects of ISO/IEC 18026:2009 apply to, but are not limited to: mapping, charting, geodesy, and imagery; topography; location-based services; oceanography; meteorology and climatology; interplanetary and planetary sciences; embedded systems; and modelling and simulation. The application program interface supports more than 30 forms of position representation. To ensure that spatial operations are performed consistently, the application program interface specifies conversion operations with functionality defined to ensure high precision transformation between alternative representations of geometric properties. ISO/IEC 18026:2009 is not intended to replace the standards and specifications developed by ISO/TC 211, ISO/TC 184, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), and the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). It is applicable to applications whose spatial information requirements overlap two or more of the application areas that are the scope of the work of ISO/TC 211, ISO/TC 184, the IAU, and the IAG.

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    519 pages
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    81 pages
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    519 pages
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    519 pages
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    519 pages
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    519 pages
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    519 pages
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    519 pages
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    519 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 19777-2:2006(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Extensible 3D (X3D) language bindings — Part 2: Java

The Extensible 3D (X3D) specification, ISO/IEC 19775, specifies a language-independent application programmer interface (API) to a set of services and functions. For integration into a programming language, the X3D abstract interfaces are embedded in a language dependent layer obeying the particular conventions of that language. ISO/IEC 19777-2:2006 specifies such a language-dependent layer for the Java programming language.

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    3 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 19777-1:2006(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Extensible 3D (X3D) language bindings — Part 1: ECMAScript

For integration into a programming language, the X3D abstract interfaces are embedded in a language-dependent layer obeying the particular conventions of that language. ISO/IEC 19777-1:2006 specifies such a language dependent layer for the ECMAScript language. ISO/IEC 19775-2 specifies a language-independent application programmer interface (API) to a set of services and functions.

  • Standard
    3 pages
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CLC
EN 61947-2:2002(Main)
Electronic projection - Measurement and documentation of key performance criteria - Part 2: Variable resolution projectors
SIST EN 61947-2:2003

Specifies requirements for measuring and documenting key performance parameters for CRT and laser-based projectors and other variable resolution projectors.

  • Standard
    48 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 15948:2004(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Portable Network Graphics (PNG): Functional specification

ISO/IEC 15948:2004 specifies a datastream and an associated file format, Portable Network Graphics (PNG, pronounced "ping"), for a lossless, portable, compressed individual computer graphics image transmitted across the Internet. Indexed-colour, greyscale, and truecolour images are supported, with optional transparency. Sample depths range from 1 to 16 bits. PNG is fully streamable with a progressive display option. It is robust, providing both full file integrity checking and simple detection of common transmission errors. PNG can store gamma and chromaticity data as well as a full ICC colour profile for accurate colour matching on heterogenous platforms. ISO/IEC 15948:2004 defines the Internet Media type "image/png". The datastream and associated file format have value outside of the main design goal.

  • Standard
    80 pages
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IEC
IEC 61947-2:2001(Main)
Electronic projection - Measurement and documentation of key performance criteria - Part 2: Variable resolution projectors

IEC 61947-2:2001 specifies requirements for measuring and documenting key performance parameters for CRT and laser-based projectors and other variable resolution projectors that are capable of multiple variable resolutions and in which the image is raster-scanned. This bilingual version (2013-02) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in 2001-09.

  • Standard
    45 pages
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  • Standard
    91 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 8632-1:1999(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics — Metafile for the storage and transfer of picture description information — Part 1: Functional specification

ISO/IEC 8632 provides a file format suitable for the storage and retrieval of picture description information. The file format consists of an ordered set of elements that may be used to describe pictures in a way that is compatible between systems of different architectures, compatible with devices of differing capabilities and design, and meaningful to application constituencies. This picture description includes the capability for describing static images. The elements specified provide for the representation of a wide range of pictures on a wide range of graphical devices. The elements are organized into groups that delimit major structures (metafiles, pictures, and application structures), that specify the representations used within the metafile, that control the display of the picture, that perform basic drawing actions, that control the attributes of the basic drawing actions, that allow application-specific structuring to be overlaid on the graphical content, and that provide access to non-standard device capabilities. The metafile is defined in such a way that, in addition to sequential access to the whole metafile, random access to individual pictures and individual context-independent application structures is well-defined. Applications which require random access to pictures and/or context-independent application structures within pictures may, within the metafile, define directories to these pictures and/or context-independent application structures. The metafile may then be opened and randomly accessed without interpreting the entire metafile. In addition to a functional specification, two standard encodings of the metafile syntax are specified. These encodings address the needs of applications that require small metafile size plus minimum effort to generate and interpret, and maximum flexibility for a human reader or editor of the metafile. This part of ISO/IEC 8632 describes the format using an abstract syntax. The remaining parts of ISO 8632 specify standardized encodings that conform to this syntax: ISO/IEC 8632-3 specifies a binary encoding; ISO/IEC 8632-4 specifies a clear text encoding.

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    449 pages
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    449 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 8632-3:1999(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics — Metafile for the storage and transfer of picture description information — Part 3: Binary encoding

This part of ISO/IEC 8632 specifies a binary encoding of the Computer Graphics Metafile. For each of the elements specified in ISO/IEC 8632-1, this part specifies an encoding in terms of data types. For each of these data types, an explicit representation in terms of bits, octets and words is specified. For some data types, the exact representation is a function of the precisions being used in the metafile, as recorded in the Metafile Descriptor. This encoding of the Computer Graphics Metafile will, in many circumstances, minimize the effort required to generate and interpret the metafile.

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    68 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 8632-4:1999(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics — Metafile for the storage and transfer of picture description information — Part 4: Clear text encoding

This part of ISO/IEC 8632 specifies a clear text encoding of the Computer Graphics Metafile. For each of the elements specified in ISO/IEC 8632-1, a clear text encoding is specified. Allowed abbreviations are specified. The overall format of the metafile and the means by which comments may be interspersed in the metafile is specified. This encoding of the CGM allows metafiles to be created and maintained in a form which is simple to type, easy to edit and convenient to read.

  • Standard
    50 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 7942-3:1999(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) — Part 3: Audit trail

This part of ISO/IEC 7942 provides a file format for capturing the sequence of GKS functions and their parameters invoked by an application, for subsequent playback.

  • Standard
    38 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 9593-4:1991/Amd 2:1998(Amendment)
Information technology — Computer graphics — Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System (PHIGS) language bindings — Part 4: C — Amendment 2: Incorporation of PHIGS amendments
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    355 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 14478-4:1998(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Presentation Environment for Multimedia Objects (PREMO) — Part 4: Modelling, rendering and interaction component

This part of ISO/IEC 14478 describes a set of Object types and non-Object types to provide the construction of, presentation of, and the interaction with Multimedia information. The multimedia information tan be graphics, Video, audio, or other types of presentable media. This information tan be enhanced by time aspects. Throughout this document this part of ISO/IEC 14478 will also be referred to as "Modelling, Rendering and Interaction", and abbreviated as MRI. The Modelling, Rendering and Interaction Component constitutes a framework of ?Middleware', System Software components lying between the generic operating System and computing environment, and a specific application operating as a client of the Services and type definitions provided by this component. It provides a framework over the foundation objects and multimedia Systems Services defined in other Parts of the international Standard for the development of a distributed and heterogeneous network of devices for creating multimedia models, rendering these models, and interacting with this process. The Modelling, Rendering and Interaction Component encompasses the following characteristics: a) Provision of a hierarchy of multimedia primitives as an abstract framework for describing the capabilities of modelling and rendering devices, and for enabling their interoperation; b) within the primitive hierarchy, specific Provision for describing the temporal structure of multimedia data through the stepwise construction of structured primitives from component data; c) Provision of abstract types for modelers, renderers and other supporting devices, enabling the integration of such devices or any future subtypes representing real Software or hardware, into a processing network of such devices; d) provision of an Object type to map synchronization requirements expressed within multimedia primitives into control of the stream and synchronization mechanisms provided by ISO/IEC 14478-2 and ISO/IEC 14478-3. The Modelling, Rendering and Interaction Component relies on the Object types and Services defined in PREMO Part 2: Foundation Components (ISO/IEC 1447%2), and PREMO Part 3: Multimedia Systems Services (ISO/IEC 14478-3).

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    71 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 14478-2:1998(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Presentation Environment for Multimedia Objects (PREMO) — Part 2: Foundation Component
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    71 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 14478-1:1998(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Presentation Environment for Multimedia Objects (PREMO) — Part 1: Fundamentals of PREMO

ISO/IEC 14478 specifies techniques for supporting interactive Single, and multiple media applications which recognize and emphasize the interrelationships among user interfaces, multimedia applications, and multimedia information interchange. ISO/IEC 14478 defines a flexible environment to encompass modular functionality and is extensible through the creation of future components, both within and outside of Standards committees. It supports a wide range of multimedia applications in a consistent way, from simple drawings up to full motion Video, Sound, and virtual reality environments. ISO/IEC 14478 is independent of any particular implementation language, development environment, or execution environment. For integration into a programming environment, the Standard shall be embedded in a System dependent interface following the particular conventions of that environment. ISO/IEC 14478 provides versatile packaging techniques beyond the capabilities of monolithic Single-media Systems. This allows rearranging and extending functionality to satisfy requirements specific to particular application areas. ISO/IEC 14478 is developed incrementally with Parts 1 through 4 initially available. Other components are expected to be standardized by ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC24 or other subcommittees. ISO/IEC 14478 provides a framework within which application-defined ways of interacting with the environment tan be integrated. Methods for the definition, presentation, and manipulation of both input and output objects are described. Applicationsupplied structuring of objects is also allowed and tan, for example, be used as a basis for the development of toolkits for the creation of, presentation of, and interaction with multimedia and hyper-media documents and product model data. ISO/IEC 14478 is able to support construction, presentation, and interaction with multiple simultaneous inputs and Outputs using multiple media. Several such activities may occur simultaneously, and the application program tan adapt its behaviour to make best use of the capabilities of its environment. ISO/IEC 14478 includes interfaces for external storage, retrieval and interchange of multimedia objects.

  • Standard
    36 pages
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ISO
ISO/IEC 14478-3:1998(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Presentation Environment for Multimedia Objects (PREMO) — Part 3: Multimedia Systems Services

This part of ISO/IEC 14478 defines a standard set of multimedia system services that can be used by multimedia application de­velopers in a variety of computing environments. The focus is on enabling multimedia applications in a heterogeneous, distrib­uted computing environment. Throughout this part of ISO/IEC 14478, this component will also be referred to as "Multimedia Systems Services", and abbreviated as MSS. The Multimedia Systems Services constitutes a framework of "middleware" - system software components lying in the region between the generic operating system and specific applications. As middleware, the Multimedia Systems Services marshals low­er-level system resources to the task of supporting multimedia processing, providing a set of common services which can be used by multimedia application developers. The Multimedia Systems Services encompasses the following characteristics: a) provision of an abstract type for a media processing node, extensible through subtyping to support abstractions of real media processing hardware or software; b) provision of an abstract type for the data flow path or the connection between media processing nodes, encapsulating low-level connection and transport semantics; c) grouping of multiple processing nodes and connections into a single unit for purposes of resource reservation and stream control; d) provision or a media dataflow abstraction. with support for a variety of position, time and/or synchronization capabili­ties; e) separation of the media format abstractions from the dataflow abstraction; f) synchronous exceptions and asynchronous events; g) application visible characterization of object capabilities; h) registration of objects in a distributed environment by location and capabilities; i) retrieval of objects in a distributed environment by location and constraints; j) definition of a Media Stream Protocol to support media independent transport and synchronization. The Multimedia Systems Services rely on the object model of ISO/IEC 14478-1 (Fundamentals of PREMO) and the object types and non-object data types defined in TSO/IEC 14478-2 (PREMO Foundation Component).

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    74 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 12087-5:1998(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Image Processing and Interchange (IPI) — Functional specification — Part 5: Basic Image Interchange Format (BIIF)
  • Standard
    167 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 7942-4:1998(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) — Part 4: Picture part archive
  • Standard
    10 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 14772-1:1997(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — The Virtual Reality Modeling Language — Part 1: Functional specification and UTF-8 encoding
  • Standard
    236 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 12089:1997(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Encoding for the Image Interchange Facility (IIF)
  • Standard
    23 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 9592-1:1997(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System (PHIGS) — Part 1: Functional description
  • Standard
    510 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 9592-2:1997(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System (PHIGS) — Part 2: Archive file format
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 9592-3:1997(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System (PHIGS) — Part 3: Specification for clear-text encoding of archive file
  • Standard
    43 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 7942-2:1997(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) — Part 2: NDC metafile
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    54 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 12087-3:1995/Amd 1:1996(Amendment)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Image Processing and Interchange (IPI) — Functional specification — Part 3: Image Interchange Facility (IIF) — Amendment 1: Type definition, scoping, and logical views for image interchange facility

Adds a lot of new clauses and subclauses and replaces the wording of some clauses and subclauses of ISO/IEC 12087 3:1995.

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    78 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 12088-4:1995(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Image processing and interchange — Application program interface language bindings — Part 4:

Specifies a language dependent layer for the C language in which the Programmer's Imaging Kernel System (IPI-PIKS) and the Image Interchange Facility (IPI-IIF) Application Program Interfaces (APIs) are embedded duly considering the particular conventions of that language.

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    613 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 8651-4:1995(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) language bindings — Part 4: C

Le système graphique GKS, ISO 7942:1994, spécifie un noyau graphique indépendant du langage. Pour être intégré dans un langage de programmation, GKS est inclus dans une couche dépendante du langage et obéissant aux conventions particulières de ce langage. La présente partie de l'ISO/CEI 8651 spécifie une couche dépendante du langage pour le langage C.

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    339 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 9593-1:1990/Amd 1:1995(Amendment)
Information processing systems — Computer graphics — Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System (PHIGS) language bindings — Part 1: FORTRAN — Amendment 1

Specifies a language independent nucleus of a graphics system. Describes the FORTRAN language dependent layer.

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    149 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 12087-1:1995(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Image Processing and Interchange (IPI) — Functional specification — Part 1: Common architecture for imaging

Concerns with the manipulation, processing, and interchange of all types of digital images. Defines a generic, unifying imaging architecture. Also defines those specializations or delineations of the generic imaging architecture that are required to support IPI-PIKS and IPI-IIF.

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    69 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 12087-3:1995(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Image Processing and Interchange (IPI) — Functional specification — Part 3: Image Interchange Facility (IIF)
  • Standard
    243 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 9638-3:1994(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics — Interfacing techniques for dialogues with graphical devices (CGI) — Language bindings — Part 3: Ada

The computer graphics interface (CGI) (ISO/IEC 9636) specifies a language independent standard interface between device-independent and device-dependent parts of a graphics system. For integration in a programming language, CGI is embedded in a language dependent layer obeying the particular conventions of that language. Specifies such a language dependent layer for the Ada programming language.

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    361 pages
    English language
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ISO
ISO/IEC 7942-1:1994(Main)
Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Graphical Kernel System (GKS) — Part 1: Functional description

Cancels and replaces the first edition (1985). Specifies a set of functions for computer graphics programming, the graphical kernel system. Provides functions for two dimensional graphical output, the storage and dynamic modification of pictures, and operator input. Applicabe to a wide range of applications that produce two dimensional pictures on vector or raster graphical devices in monochrome or colour.

  • Standard
    164 pages
    English language
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