ISO/TC 58 - Gas cylinders

This document defines terms for the manufacture and use of gas cylinders and other pressure receptacles and their fittings.

This document specifies the procedures to be followed when connecting cylinder valves to gas cylinders. It specifically applies to all valve and cylinder combinations connected with ISO screw threads as specified in ISO 11363-1 and ISO 15245-1. It defines procedures and practices for inspection and preparation prior to valving for both taper and parallel screw threads. Torque values are given in Annex A for steel and aluminium alloy gas cylinders including composite cylinders with steel or aluminium alloy neck boss. NOTE The procedures and practices specified in this document can be beneficially applied to other valve to cylinder screw thread connection systems. ISO/TR 11364 lists the valve to gas cylinder threads in use worldwide. It gives details of the thread identification codes, whether the threads are interchangeable with ISO threads and if the taping procedure and torque values specified in this document can be used. ISO/TR 11364 gives clear guidance for the method and torque for all listed inlet threads, which are not interchangeable.

This document specifies requirements for the material, design, inspections, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, and tests at manufacture of non-refillable metallic gas cylinders of welded, brazed, or seamless construction. This document also specifies the requirements for the non-refillable sealing devices and their methods of testing. It is applicable to non-refillable metallic gas cylinders for compressed and liquefied gases. NOTE The specific gases permitted in cylinders constructed to this document can be limited by national or international requirements. This document is applicable to cylinders where: a) the test pressure does not exceed 250 bar1) (i.e. ph ≤ 250 bar) for liquefied gases and 450 bar for compressed gases; or b) the product of the test pressure and the water capacity does not exceed 1 000 bar·litres (i.e. ph V ≤ 1 000 bar l); or c) the test pressure exceeds 45 bar and the water capacity does not exceed 5 l (i.e. for ph > 45 bar, then V ≤ 5 l). 1) 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2

This document addresses the topic of cyclic fatigue of structural reinforcing fibres as used in composite cylinders, and cyclic fatigue of structural and non-structural liners in these cylinders. This document provides a basic level of understanding of these topics.

This document gives a list of FTSC (fire potential, i.e. “oxidizing power and flammability”, toxicity, state of the gas, and corrosiveness) codes determined according to the relevant properties of gases and of some liquids that are transported under pressure. It does not cover material compatibility with gases which is covered by the ISO 11114 series.

This document specifies design, type testing and marking requirements for: a) cylinder valves intended to be fitted to refillable transportable gas cylinders; b) main valves (excluding ball valves) for bundles of cylinders; c) cylinder valves or main valves with integrated pressure regulator (VIPR); NOTE 1 This includes the following specific VIPR designs where: 1) The pressure regulating system is acting as the primary valve operating mechanism (VIPR type B). This also includes designs where closure of the primary valve operating mechanism is obtained by closing the seat of the pressure regulating mechanism. 2) The primary valve operating mechanism is located at the low-pressure side of the pressure regulating system (VIPR type C). d) valves for pressure drums and tubes; which convey compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases. NOTE 2 Where there is no risk of ambiguity, cylinder valves, main valves, VIPRs and valves for pressure drums and tubes are addressed with the collective term “valves” within this document. This document does not apply to — valves for cryogenic equipment, portable fire extinguishers and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); — quick-release cylinder valves (e.g. for fire-extinguishing, explosion protection and rescue applications) - requirements for quick-release cylinder valves are specified in ISO 17871 which contains normative references to this document; — self-closing cylinder valves and ball valves. NOTE 3 Requirements for valves for cryogenic vessels are specified in ISO 21011 and at a regional level, e.g. in EN 1626. Requirements for LPG valves are specified in ISO 14245 or ISO 15995. Requirements for self-closing cylinder valves are specified in ISO 17879. Requirements for ball valves are specified in ISO 23826. Requirements for valves for portable fire extinguishers at a regional level are specified, for example, in the EN 3 series. This document only covers the function of a valve as a closure. Other functions that are possibly integrated in the valve can be covered by other standards. Such standards do however not constitute requirements according to this document. NOTE 4 Definition of and specific requirements for VIPRs in addition to those that are given in this document are specified in ISO 22435 for industrial applications or ISO 10524-3 for medical applications. Similarly, certain specific requirements for residual pressure valves (RPV) with or without a non-return function in addition to those that are given in this document are given in ISO 15996. NOTE 5 Certain specific requirements for valves for breathing apparatus in addition to those that are given in this document are specified at a regional level, for example, in the EN 144 series. Certain specific requirements for quick-release valves for fixed fire-fighting systems in addition to those that are given in this document are specified in ISO 16003 and at a regional level, for example, in EN 12094–4. NOTE 6 Requirements for manufacturing tests and examinations of valves covered by this document are given in ISO 14246.

This document specifies design, type test methods, marking and instruction requirements for cylinder valves with integrated pressure regulators (VIPRs) intended to be fitted to gas cylinders, pressure drums or tubes or used as a main valve for bundles of cylinders that convey compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases. These are requirements for VIPRs that are in addition to those given in the relevant closure standard, for example, in ISO 10297 for cylinder valves, in ISO 17871 for quick-release cylinder valves, in ISO 17879 for self-closing cylinder valves or in ISO 23826 for ball valves. For ISO 17871, these requirements are only applicable to quick-release cylinder valves types B, C, D and E. NOTE 1 If the pressure regulating system of a VIPR is acting as the primary valve operating mechanism, it is covered by the relevant closure standard, e.g. ISO 10297, ISO 17871, ISO 17879 and ISO 23826. This also includes designs where closure of the primary valve operating mechanism of a VIPR is obtained by closing the seat of the pressure regulating system. NOTE 2 If the primary valve operating mechanism of a VIPR is located at the low-pressure side of the pressure regulating system, it is covered by the relevant closure standard, e.g. ISO 10297, ISO 17871, ISO 17879 and ISO 23826. NOTE 3 The term “pressure receptacle” is used within this document to cover instances where no differentiation is necessary between gas cylinders, bundles of cylinders, pressure drums and tubes. This document does not apply to VIPRs for a) medical applications (see ISO 10524-3); b) liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); c) cryogenic applications. NOTE 4 Additional requirements for a VIPR with a residual pressure device (RPD) are specified in ISO 15996. NOTE 5 Additional requirements for pressure relief valves can exist in international/regional regulations/ standards.

This document specifies the minimum requirements concerning material selection, design, construction and workmanship, procedure, and test at manufacture of refillable welded-steel gas cylinders of water capacities from 0,5 l up to and including 150 l and drums of water capacities of 150 l to 500 l of a test pressure not greater than 60 bar[1], exposed to extreme worldwide temperatures (−50 °C to +65 °C) used for compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases. NOTE Unless specified in the text, for the purpose of this document, the word “cylinder” includes “pressure drums”. This document is primarily intended to be used for industrial gases other than liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and is also applicable to LPG. [1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.

This document is applicable to pin-index yoke-type valve connections for medical gas cylinders, with a working pressure up to a maximum of 200 bar or test pressure up to a maximum of 300 bar, or both. NOTE 1 This type of connection is primarily used for small cylinders (5 l or below). NOTE 2 In this document the unit bar is used, due to its universal use in the field of technical gases. It should, however, be noted that bar is not an SI unit, and that the corresponding SI unit for pressure is Pa (1 bar = 105 Pa = 105 N/m2). This document specifies: — basic dimensions; — requirements for alternative designs of the yoke-type valve connections; — dimensions and positions for the holes and pins for the outlet connections. It also specifies the dimensions and positions for the holes and pins for the outlet connections for gases and gas mixtures.

This document specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing to verify the integrity for further service of hoop-wrapped and fully-wrapped composite transportable gas cylinders and tubes, with aluminium-alloy, steel or non-metallic liners or of linerless construction (Types 2, 3, 4, and 5), intended for compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases under pressure, of water capacity from 0,5 l up to 3 000 l. This document addresses the periodic inspection and testing of composite cylinders and tubes constructed according to ISO 11119-1, ISO 11119-2, ISO 11119-3, ISO 11119-4 or ISO 11515. It can be applied to other composite cylinders and tubes designed to comparable standards when authorized by the competent authority. As far as practicable, this document can also be applied to cylinders of less than 0,5 l water capacity when authorized by the manufacturer. NOTE Unless noted by exception, the use of the word “cylinder” in this document refers to both cylinders and tubes.

This document lists gas cylinders valve outlets in use. This document provides details of thread types and sizes. NOTE Complete descriptions of particular valve outlets are given in national standards.

This document collects history and experience of composite cylinders and tubes to be used under the International Regulations for the Transport of Dangerous Goods: — with a water capacity up to 3 000 l; — with a design life greater than 15 years. In particular the document reviews the topic of the service life performance of existing composite cylinders and tubes and provides information and data for the following items: — history of cylinder design; — current testing regimes; — significance of the tests on their performance; — service performance including pre-fill and periodic inspection and tests. NOTE In this document, for “cylinder/tube”, only the term “cylinder” is used.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for the materials, design, construction and performance testing of — Type 2 hoop-wrapped composite tubes, — Type 3 fully-wrapped composite tubes, and — Type 4 fully-wrapped composite tubes with water capacities between 450 l and 3 000 l for storage and conveyance of compressed or liquefied gases with test pressures up to and including 1 600 bar[1] and a design life of at least 15 years. This document is applicable to expected service temperatures between −40 °C and +65 °C. NOTE Type 4 tubes manufactured and tested to this document are not intended to contain toxic, oxidizing or corrosive gases. This document is applicable to tubes with composite reinforcement of carbon fibre or aramid fibre or glass fibre (or a mixture thereof) in a matrix. [1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.

This document specifies requirements for the test apparatus and test procedure in order to apply oxygen pressure surges consistently to devices being tested for resistance to ignition by adiabatic compression and to materials for oxygen compatibility.

This document specifies the use of acoustic emission examination (AT) during periodic inspection and testing of hoop wrapped (Type 2) and fully wrapped (Types 3 and 4) composite transportable gas cylinders and tubes of water capacity up to 3 000 l, with aluminium-alloy, steel or non-metallic liner or of linerless construction (Type 5), intended for compressed and liquefied gases under pressure. It is applicable to only the verification of the composite material. Additional inspection such as internal visual inspection of the liner does not apply to this document (see ISO 11623). NOTE Unless noted by exception, the use of the word “cylinder” in this document refers to both cylinders and tubes.

This document provides information for the design of composite cylinders related to impact testing and service experience with impact, including: — low energy impact, which can result from events that can occur during handling or working around cylinders; — high energy impact, which can result from accidents during transportation, or impact by large objects with velocity; — drop impact, which can result from handling, where cylinders are dropped or tipped over; and — high velocity impact, which can result from high energy impact by a small object, such as gunfire, and demonstrates non-shatterability of the cylinder or tube. Where appropriate, field experience relevant to testing requirements is provided. NOTE Unless otherwise stated, the word “cylinder” refers to both cylinders and tubes.

This document specifies the following, in order to determine the corrosiveness of gases and gas mixtures so that a suitable outlet connection can be assigned to each of them: — for pure gases and some liquids, a complete list indicating their corrosiveness; — for gas mixtures, a calculation method, in the absence of experimental data, relating to the corrosiveness of each of their components.

This document specifies requirements for the inspection and maintenance of valves [including ball valves and valves with integrated pressure regulator (VIPRs)] for: a) refillable transportable gas cylinders; b) cylinder bundles; c) pressure drums and tubes; which convey compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases. This document does not apply to valves for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). NOTE Where there is no risk of ambiguity, gas cylinders, cylinder bundles, pressure drums and tubes are addressed with the collective term “gas cylinders” within this document. This document is applicable to valves reused at the time of the periodic inspection of gas cylinders, cylinder bundles, pressure drums and tubes, and can be applied at any other time, e.g. at a change of gas service (see ISO 11621). This document does not apply to the routine inspection of valves, e.g. carried out at the time of a gas cylinder filling.

This document specifies the procedures and acceptance criteria for manufacturing tests and examinations (sometimes called "initial inspection and tests") of valves designed and type tested in accordance with ISO 10297. This document is applicable to: a) cylinder valves intended to be fitted to refillable transportable gas cylinders; b) main valves (excluding ball valves) for bundles of cylinders; c) cylinder valves or main valves with integrated pressure regulator (VIPR); d) valves for pressure drums and tubes. NOTE Where there is no risk of ambiguity, cylinder valves, main valves, VIPR and valves for pressure drums and tubes are addressed with the collective term “valves” within this document. The principles of these manufacturing tests and examinations can be beneficially applied to cylinder valves type tested to national or International Standards other than ISO 10297.

This document specifies some gas compatibility test methods to evaluate plastic materials suitable for use in the manufacture of composite gas cylinder liners. It is also applicable to the evaluation of the suitability of plastic matrix materials used for Type 5 cylinders. Some fluids like water, used for cylinders testing, can react positively or negatively when in contact with plastic liners. This compatibility issue is not covered by this document.

This document defines terms for gas cylinders.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for the materials, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examinations and testing at time of manufacture for refillable, seamless, stainless steel gas cylinders with water capacities up to and including 150 l. It is applicable to cylinders for compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases with a maximum actual tensile strength, Rma, of less than 1 100 MPa. NOTE If so desired, cylinders of water capacity between 150 l and 450 l can be manufactured to be in full conformance to this document.

This document gives guidance on the selection and evaluation of compatibility between non-metallic materials for gas cylinders and valves and the gas contents. It is also applicable to tubes, pressure drums and bundles of cylinders. This document covers composite and laminated materials used for gas cylinders. It does not include ceramics, glasses and adhesives. This document considers the influence of the gas in changing the material and mechanical properties (e.g. chemical reaction or change in physical state). The basic properties of the materials, such as mechanical properties required for design purposes (normally available from the materials supplier), are not considered. Other aspects, such as quality of delivered gas, are not considered. The compatibility data given are related to single component gases but can be applicable to gas mixtures. This document does not apply to cryogenic fluids (this is covered in ISO 21010).

This document specifies design, type testing, marking, manufacturing tests and examinations requirements for ball valves used as: closures of refillable transportable gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes; main valves for cylinder bundles; valves for cargo transport units [e.g. trailers, battery vehicles, multi-element gas containers (MEGCs)]; which convey compressed gases, liquefied gases and dissolved gases. NOTE 1 In this document, the term “valve” is used with the meaning of “ball valve”. This document does not apply to ball valves for: oxidizing gases as defined in ISO 10156; toxic gases (i.e. gases listed in ISO 10298 having an LC50 value ≤ 5 000 ppm acetylene for single gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes. NOTE 2 The reason for the exclusion of oxidizing gases is that the use of ball valves as closures of high-pressure cylinders for oxidizing gases is known to lead to specific ignition hazards that cannot reasonably be mitigated through the ball valve design or type testing. Safety hazards concern both the ball valve itself and any downstream equipment. NOTE 3 The reason for the exclusion of acetylene for single gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes is that the risk of an acetylene decomposition cannot reasonably be mitigated through the ball valve design or type testing. This document does not apply to ball valves for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), cryogenic equipment, portable fire extinguishers and cylinders for breathing apparatus. NOTE 4 Requirements for valves for cryogenic vessels are specified in ISO 21011. NOTE 5 Certain specific requirements for quick-release valves for fixed fire-fighting systems in addition to those that are given in this document are specified in ISO 16003.

This document specifies the requirements for design, specification, type testing and production testing and inspection of dedicated LPG manually operated cylinder valves for use with and directly connected to transportable refillable LPG cylinders. It also includes requirements for associated equipment for vapour and liquid service. Bursting discs and/or fusible plugs are not covered in this document. Annex B identifies requirements for production testing and inspection. This document excludes other LPG cylinder devices which are not an integral part of the dedicated manually operated cylinder valve. This document does not apply to cylinder valves for fixed automotive installations and ball valves. NOTE For self-closing LPG cylinder valves see ISO 14245. For cylinder valves for compressed, dissolved and other liquefied gases see ISO 10297,[2] ISO 17871[6] or ISO 17879[7].

This document specifies the requirements for design, specification, type testing and production testing and inspection for dedicated LPG self-closing cylinder valves for use with and directly connected to transportable refillable LPG cylinders. It also includes requirements for associated equipment for vapour and liquid service. Bursting discs and/or fusible plugs are not covered in this document. Annex A identifies requirements for production testing and inspection. This document excludes other LPG cylinder devices which are not an integral part of the dedicated self-closing cylinder valve. This document does not apply to cylinder valves for fixed automotive installations and ball valves. NOTE For manually operated LPG cylinder valves see ISO 15995. For cylinder valves for compressed, dissolved and other liquefied gases see ISO 10297, ISO 17871 or ISO 17879.

This document specifies definitions, dimensions and tolerances of parallel screw threads of M30 x 2, M25 x 2 and M18 x 1,5, for the connection of valves to medical and industrial gas cylinders. This document does not contain the connection requirements for: — mechanical strength; — gas tightness; — capability of repeated assembly and dismounting operations (this aspect is covered in ISO 13341).

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at time of manufacture for: — type 3 fully wrapped cylinders or tubes with a load-sharing metal liner and composite reinforcement on both the cylindrical portion and the dome ends; — water capacities up to 450 l; — storage and conveyance of compressed or liquefied gases; — cylinders and tubes with composite reinforcement of carbon fibre, aramid fibre or glass fibre (or a mixture thereof) within a matrix; — a minimum design life of 15 years. This document does not address the design, fitting, and performance of removable protective sleeves. This document does not apply to cylinders with welded liners. NOTE 1 References to cylinders in this document include composite tubes if appropriate. NOTE 2 ISO 11439 applies to cylinders intended for use as fuel containers on natural gas vehicles and ISO 11623 covers periodic inspection and re-testing of composite cylinders.

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at time of manufacture for: — type 2 composite hoop wrapped cylinders or tubes with a load-sharing metal liner and composite reinforcement on the cylindrical portion only; — water capacities up to 450 l; — the storage and conveyance of compressed or liquefied gases; — cylinders and tubes with composite reinforcement of carbon fibre, aramid fibre or glass fibre (or a mixture thereof) within a matrix or steel wire to provide circumferential reinforcement; — a minimum design life of 15 years. This document does not address the design, fitting, and performance of removable protective sleeves. NOTE 1 References to cylinders in this document include composite tubes if appropriate. NOTE 2 ISO 11439 applies to cylinders intended for use as fuel containers on natural gas vehicles and ISO 11623 covers periodic inspection and re-testing of composite cylinders.

This document specifies minimum requirements for the material, design, construction and workmanship, manufacturing processes, examination and testing at time of manufacture for: — type 4 composite fully wrapped cylinders or tubes with a non-load sharing liner and composite reinforcement on both the cylindrical portion and the dome ends; — type 5 fully wrapped cylinders or tubes without liners and with a test pressure of less than 60 bar and composite reinforcement on both the cylindrical portion and the dome ends; — water capacities up to 450 l; — for the storage and conveyance of compressed or liquefied gases; — cylinders and tubes with composite reinforcement of carbon fibre, aramid fibre or glass fibre (or a mixture thereof) within a matrix; — a minimum design life of 15 years. Cylinders and tubes manufactured and tested according to this document are not intended to contain toxic, oxidizing or corrosive gases. This document does not address the design, fitting and performance of removable protective sleeves. NOTE 1 References to cylinders in this document include composite tubes if appropriate. NOTE 2 ISO 11439 applies to cylinders intended for use as fuel containers on natural gas vehicles and ISO 11623 covers periodic inspection and re-testing of composite cylinders.

This document, in conjunction with ISO 10297 and ISO 14246, specifies design, type testing, marking and manufacturing tests, and examinations requirements for quick-release cylinder valves intended to be fitted to refillable transportable gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes which convey: — non-toxic; — non-oxidizing; — non-flammable; and — non-corrosive; compressed or liquefied gases or extinguishing agents charged with compressed gases to be used for fire-extinguishing, explosion protection, and rescue applications. NOTE 1 The main application of such quick-release cylinder valves is in the fire-fighting industry. However, there are other applications such as avalanche airbags, life raft inflation and similar applications. NOTE 2 Where there is no risk of ambiguity, gas cylinders, pressure drums and tubes are addressed with the collective term "cylinders" within this document. This document covers the function of a quick-release cylinder valve as a closure. This document does not apply to quick-release cylinder valves for cryogenic equipment and for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This document does not apply to quick-release cylinder valves if used as the main closure of portable fire extinguishers because portable fire extinguishers are not covered by transport regulation. Quick-release cylinder valves of auxiliary refillable propellant gas cylinders used within or as part of portable fire extinguishers are covered by this document, if these cylinders are transported separately, e.g. for filling (see UN Model Regulations, Chapter 3.3, Special Provision 225, second note[1]).

This document provides requirements for the selection of safe combinations of metallic cylinder and valve materials and cylinder gas content. The compatibility data given is related to single gases and to gas mixtures. Seamless metallic, welded metallic and composite gas cylinders and their valves, used to contain compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases are considered. NOTE In this document the term "cylinder" refers to transportable pressure receptacles, which also include tubes and pressure drums. Aspects such as the quality of delivered gas product are not considered.

This document specifies the requirements for periodic inspection and testing of welded steel transportable pressure drums of water capacity from 150 l up to 1 000 l and up to 300 bar test pressure intended for compressed and liquefied gases.

This document specifies the requirements for valve protection caps and valve guards used on cylinders for liquefied, dissolved or compressed gases. Valve protection caps and valve guards are some of the options available to protect cylinder valves, including valves with integral pressure regulators (VIPRs) during transport. This document is applicable to valve protection caps and valve guards which inherently provide the primary protection of a cylinder valve. It can also be used to test other equipment (e.g., handling devices) attached to cylinder packages, even in cases where the cylinder valve is inherently able to withstand damage without release of the content. This document excludes protection devices for cylinders with a water capacity of 5 l or less and cylinders whereby the protection device is fixed by means of lugs welded or brazed to the cylinder, or is welded or brazed directly to the cylinder. This document does not cover valve protection for breathing apparatus cylinders. NOTE Small cylinders (e.g., medical cylinders) are commonly transported in an outer-packaging (e.g., pallet) to meet transport regulations. This document does not specify requirements that could be necessary to enable the valve protection device to be used for lifting the cylinder.