13.030.20 - Liquid wastes. Sludge
ICS 13.030.20 Details
Liquid wastes. Sludge
Flussige Abfallstoffe. Schlamm
Déchets liquides. Boues
Tekoči odpadki. Blato
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 13.030.20 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Liquid wastes. Sludge". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 239 standards classified under ICS 13.030.20 (Liquid wastes. Sludge). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This method gives a standardized procedure for the conditioning operation when selecting a conditioning product at laboratory scale and also for the production of flocculated thickened sludge for subsequent dewatering tests. This document provides a method for laboratory chemical conditioning of sludge. The method applies to sludges and suspensions from: - storm water handling; - urban wastewater collecting systems; - urban wastewater treatment plants; - industrial wastewater that has been treated similarly to urban wastewater; - water supply plants. This document is applicable to all sludge that can have similar environmental or health impacts, or both, with exclusion of hazardous sludge from industry and dredged sludge.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies procedures for validating the characterization methods for physical properties of sludge. The method applies to sludges and suspensions from: - storm water handling; - urban wastewater collecting systems; - urban wastewater treatment plants; - industrial wastewater that has been treated similarly to urban wastewater; - water supply plants. In accordance with ISO/TC 275 scope this document is applicable to sludge and products from urban wastewater collection systems, night soil, storm water handling, water supply treatment plants, wastewater treatment plants for urban and similar industrial waters. This document is applicable to all sludge that can have similar environmental and/or health impacts with exclusion of hazardous sludge from industry and dredged sludge.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document establishes requirements and recommendations for the operation of the anaerobic digestion of sludge in order to support safe and sufficient operation of anaerobic digestion facilities to produce to produce sufficient biogas and control by-products qualities.
In particular, conditions to optimize mixing within the reactor and appropriate control systems management for safe and reliable operation are described in this document. Performance of the processes in terms of biogas and digestate production are presented depending on type of technologies available on the market. Blending sludge with waste (co-substrate) and mixing the sludge with organic wastes to increase digester loading are also considered.
This document is applicable to decision-makers and operators in charge of an anaerobic digestion system.
- Draft44 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidance and requirements for identifying and assessing impacts of climate change on wastewater systems and on developing strategies for the adaptation to these impacts. The assessment of the impacts is based on the assessment principles described in ISO 24566-1. This document also provides examples of some of the impacts of climate change on wastewater systems and of the responses that have been implemented by municipal water services or by the relevant jurisdiction (e.g. municipality or region served by the service). The examples of responses illustrate adaptation strategies that have been applied. NOTE Both combined and non-combined wastewater systems are included in this document regarding the activities of collection, transport, storage and treatment of wastewater.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard45 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides information on the processes and technologies for inorganic substance and nutrient recovery from sludge.
This document is applicable to sludge and products from urban wastewater collection systems, night soil, wastewater treatment plants for urban and similar industrial waters. It includes all sludge that can have either similar environmental or health impacts, or both.
Hazardous sludge from industry and dredged sludge are excluded from this document.
- Draft44 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the gross calorific value of sludge at constant volume and at the reference temperature 25 °C in a bomb calorimeter calibrated by combustion of certified benzoic acid. The result obtained is the gross calorific value of the sample at constant volume with both the water of the combustion products and the moisture of the sludge as liquid water. In practice, sludge is burned at constant (atmospheric) pressure and the water is not condensed but is removed as vapour with the flue gases. Under these conditions, the operative heat of combustion to be used is the net calorific value of the fuel at constant pressure. The net calorific value at constant volume can also be used, equations for the calculation are given only as this requires less additional determinations. This method is applicable to all kinds of sludge.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidance and requirements for the management of on-site domestic wastewater systems and services, using appropriate technologies in their entirety at any level of development. This document supplements and is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 24511 and ISO 24525. It includes guidance and requirements for the following: - management of on-site domestic wastewater systems and services from the operator’s perspective, including maintenance techniques, training of personnel and risk considerations; - management of on-site domestic wastewater systems (ODWS) from the perspective of owners and users; - design and construction of ODWS; - planning, operation and maintenance, and health and safety issues. This document is applicable to both publicly and privately operated on-site domestic wastewater (black and grey water) services, for one or more dwellings. In rural areas and areas under development, management is sometimes provided by the owners of the premises where wastewater is generated. In this document the term “services” includes “self-services” provided by the owners of the premises. The following are outside the scope of this document: - limits of effluent quality for wastewater discharged into the environment; - analytical methods; - stormwater runoff; - content of contracts or subcontracts.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard40 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides technical guidance for fermentation-based pharmaceutical wastewater treatment and reclamation for different reuse purposes. This document contains information on pollution loading, general principles and applicable wastewater treatment and reclamation treatment. In addition, example processes for wastewater treatment and reclamation are listed to support different treatment conditions and reuse purposes.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This Technical Report describes good practice for the incineration and other organic matter treatment by thermal processes of sludges.
Thermal conditioning is excluded.
This Technical Report is applicable for sludges described in the scope of ISO/TC 275 specifically derived from:
— storm water handling;
— night soil;
— urban wastewater collecting systems;
— urban wastewater treatment plants;
— treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater;
It includes all sludge that may have similar environmental and/or health impacts but excludes hazardous sludge from industry and dredged sludge.
- Technical report100 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides information on the processes and technologies for inorganic substance and nutrient recovery from sludge. This document is applicable to sludge and products from urban wastewater collection systems, night soil, wastewater treatment plants for urban and similar industrial waters. It includes all sludge that can have either similar environmental or health impacts, or both. Hazardous sludge from industry and dredged sludge are excluded from this document.
- Technical report39 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This Technical Report describes good practice for the incineration and other organic matter treatment by thermal processes of sludges.
Thermal conditioning is excluded.
This Technical Report is applicable for sludges described in the scope of ISO/TC 275 specifically derived from:
— storm water handling;
— night soil;
— urban wastewater collecting systems;
— urban wastewater treatment plants;
— treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater;
It includes all sludge that may have similar environmental and/or health impacts but excludes hazardous sludge from industry and dredged sludge.
- Technical report100 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies guidelines for wastewater treatment and reuse in thermal power plants, including the types and characteristics of wastewater and the technologies of wastewater treatment and reuse. In this document, thermal power plant drainage systems are divided into fuel supply, chemical water treatment, boiler and auxiliary, recirculating cooling, flue gas processing, gasification scrubber and ash handling. Wastewater from these systems is classified in accordance with its system sources. In addition, technical guidelines for wastewater treatment and reuse are provided according to the water requirements of systems in the thermal power plant. This document is formulated to provide feasible technical guidance for the treatment and reuse of wastewater in thermal power plants. It is applicable to coal-fired, oil-fired, gas-fired (including gas turbine), biomass-fired, waste incineration and integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) thermal power plants.
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document establishes requirements and recommendations for the operation of the anaerobic digestion of sludge in order to support safe and sufficient operation of anaerobic digestion facilities to produce to produce sufficient biogas and control by-products qualities. In particular, conditions to optimize mixing within the reactor and appropriate control systems management for safe and reliable operation are described in this document. Performance of the processes in terms of biogas and digestate production are presented depending on type of technologies available on the market. Blending sludge with waste (co-substrate) and mixing the sludge with organic wastes to increase digester loading are also considered. This document is applicable to decision-makers and operators in charge of an anaerobic digestion system.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard40 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the material, design, manufacture, performance, operation, functioning, and testing requirements for United States Coast Guard (USCG) Type II Marine Sanitation Devices or IMO MARPOL 73/78 Annex IV flow through treatment device intended to process sewage and graywater generated during the ship's normal service. It is intended for use by purchasers, designers, and manufacturers of shipboard environmental pollution control equipment to determine the requirements for equipment purchase, equipment use, and design considerations. The marine sanitation devices shall perform accordingly to the following tests: vibration test; shock test; rolling test; pressure test; pressure and vacuum pulse test; temperature range test; chemical resistance test; operability test; sewage processing test; coliform test; suspended solids test; and ignition prevention test. Aside from meeting the requirements set forth herein, the devices shall also be designed and installed to conform to human engineering principles to th degree that it can be operated and maintained by males and females of specified heights.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture, performance, operation, and testing of flow through treatment systems intended to process sewage or graywater, or both, generated during a ship's normal service. This specification is intended for use by designers, manufacturers, purchasers, and operators of shipboard environmental pollution control equipment to determine the requirements for equipment design, manufacture, purchase, and in-service operation.
1.2 The treatment system shall be capable of meeting the effluent requirements detailed in Section 4 with respect to a ship's operational area.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification17 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies two methods for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) in sludge, treated biowaste, soil and waste samples containing more than 0,1 % carbon in relation to the dry mass (dm).
NOTE This method can also be applied to other environmental solid matrices, provided the user has verified the applicability.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of total dissolved solids (TDS) in water and eluates (see Annex A), provided they are not volatile under the conditions specified or that they do not release water molecules from hydration. It applies to water and eluates containing more than 100 mg/l of total dissolved solids. Samples with lower amounts of dissolved solids can be analysed by repetition of the drying step.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies an operationally defined method for the direct determination of organically bound halogens (chlorine, bromine and iodine) adsorbed and occluded to the sample matrix. AOX being a methodologically defined parameter, it is essential that the procedure is applied without any modification.
This document is intended for analysis of sludge, treated biowaste or soil in concentrations ranging from 5 mg/kg dry matter. The upper limit and exact concentration range covered depend on the instrumentation used for determination.
NOTE This method can also be applied to other environmental solid matrices, provided the user has verified the applicability.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of total dissolved solids (TDS) in water and eluates (see Annex A), provided they are not volatile under the conditions specified or that they do not release water molecules from hydration. It applies to water and eluates containing more than 100 mg/l of total dissolved solids. Samples with lower amounts of dissolved solids can be analysed by repetition of the drying step.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the loss on ignition (LOI) at 550 °C. The dry matter is determined according to EN 15934.
This method applies to the determination of loss on ignition of sediment, sludge, treated biowaste, soil and waste.
NOTE The loss on ignition is often used as an estimate for the content of organic matter in the sample. Inorganic substances or decomposition products (e.g. H2O, CO2, SO2, O2) are released or absorbed and some inorganic substances are volatile under the reaction conditions.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two methods for digestion of soil, treated biowaste, sludge and waste by the use of an aqua regia digestion.
Digestion with aqua regia will not necessarily accomplish total decomposition of the sample. The extracted analyte concentrations may not necessarily reflect the total content in the sample but represent the aqua regia soluble metals under the condition of this test procedure. It is generally agreed that for environmental analysis purposes, the results are fit for the intended purpose to protect the environment.
This document is applicable for the following elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), selenium (Se), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulfur (S), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn).
This document can also be applied for the digestion of other elements, provided the user has verified the applicability.
- Standard47 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes good practices for the incineration and other organic matter treatment by thermal processes of sludges. Thermal conditioning is excluded. This document applies to sludges specifically derived from: - storm water handling; - night soil; - urban wastewater collecting systems; - urban wastewater treatment plants; - treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater. It includes all sludge that may have similar environmental and/or health impacts but excludes hazardous sludge from industry and dredged sludge.
- Technical report90 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical report96 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is applicable to sampling liquid wastes and other stratified liquids. The COLIWASA is used to obtain a vertical column of liquid representing an accurate cross section of the sampled material. To obtain a representative sample of stratified liquids, the COLIWASA should be open at both ends so that material flows through it as it is slowly lowered to the desired sampling depth. The COLIWASA must not be lowered with the stopper in place. Opening the stopper after the tube is submerged will cause material to flow in from the bottom layer only, resulting in gross over-representation of that layer.
5.2 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiring samples.
5.3 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687 which covers sampling plans, safety, QA, preservation, decontamination, labeling, and chain-of-custody procedures; Practice D5088 which covers decontamination of field equipment used at waste sites; Practice D5283 which covers project specifications and practices for environmental field operations; and Practice D5743 which covers drum sampling.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for sampling liquids with the composite liquid waste sampler, or “COLIWASA.” The COLIWASA is an appropriate device for obtaining a representative sample from stratified or unstratified liquids. Its most common use is for sampling containerized liquids, such as tanks, barrels, and drums. It may also be used for pools and other open bodies of stagnant liquid.
Note 1: A limitation of the COLIWASA is that the stopper mechanism may not allow collection of approximately the bottom 2.54 cm (1 in.) of material, depending on construction of the stopper.
1.2 The COLIWASA should not be used to sample flowing or moving liquids.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the principles and framework for comprehensive evaluation of industrial wastewater treatment reuse processes, including: a) establishing goals and scope; b) illustrating the evaluation procedure; and c) determination of evaluation indicators (technology indicator/sub-indicators, environment indicator/sub-indicators, resource indicator/sub-indicators, economy indicator/sub-indicators). This document describes how to comprehensively evaluate industrial wastewater treatment reuse processes using the proposed calculation approaches and recommended indicators. It does not specify methodologies for single evaluation indicators. The document is intended to provide assistance to a broad range of industrial wastewater treatment and reuse project stakeholders including professionals (planning, management, designers, and operators), administrative agencies (monitoring, assessment, regulation and administration) and local authorities. This document is applicable to a) evaluating comparing and selecting industrial wastewater treatment reuse processes, b) implementing continuous improvements, c) upgrading processes and improving performance for existing treatment and reuse facilities. The intended application of the comprehensive evaluation result is considered within the goal and scope definition.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies two methods for digestion of soil, treated biowaste, sludge and waste by the use of an aqua regia digestion.
Digestion with aqua regia will not necessarily accomplish total decomposition of the sample. The extracted analyte concentrations may not necessarily reflect the total content in the sample but represent the aqua regia soluble metals under the condition of this test procedure. It is generally agreed that for environmental analysis purposes, the results are fit for the intended purpose to protect the environment.
This document is applicable for the following elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), selenium (Se), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulfur (S), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn).
This document can also be applied for the digestion of other elements, provided the user has verified the applicability.
- Standard47 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidance on the conditions of beneficial use of biosolids produced from industrial and municipal sludge and municipal biosolids derived products (e.g. composts, growing media) in the production of food and feed crops, energy crops, forestry crops and for the remediation of disturbed sites. This document applies to biosolids for land application and includes biosolids from wastewater treatment (municipal, industrial and private onsite systems). This document does not apply to hazardous sludge that originates from wastewater which, due to its nature, physical, chemical or infectious properties, is potentially hazardous to human health and/or the environment during use, handling, storage or transportation and which requires special disposal techniques to eliminate or reduce the hazard. This document includes: - general guidelines for the land application of biosolids and biosolids derived products; - specific guidelines for the land application of biosolids and biosolids derived products for food and feed crop production and for non?food and non?feed crop production (e.g. horticulture, fibre for bio?mass, silviculture, etc.); and - specific guidelines for the land application of biosolids and biosolids derived products for other beneficial uses (e.g. land reclamation or rehabilitation).
- Standard91 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard104 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and test methods to ensure performance, safety, operability and maintainability of community-scale resource recovery faecal sludge treatment units (herein addressed as treatment units) that serve approximately, but not limited to, 1 000 to 100 000 people. This document applies to treatment units that: a) primarily treat faecal sludge, b) are able to operate in non-sewered and off-grid environments, c) are prefabricated, d) exhibit resource recovery capability (e.g. recovering energy, reusable water, soil amendment products), and are capable of being energy neutral or energy net positive. This document does not apply to treatment units requiring major sewer infrastructure. Inputs are primarily faecal sludge derived from human excreta and can include additional substances at the discretion of the manufacturer. This document does not specify the characteristics of the faecal sludge (e.g. COD, BOD, moisture content, etc.) and which forms of the additional inputs (e.g. food waste) are treated within the unit. These inputs are defined by the manufacturer as well as the input characteristics which meet the requirements specified in this document. This document addresses: - the performance, safety, operability, and maintainability of the treatment unit, - the protection of human health and the environment, - safety aspects of the treatment unit's solid, liquid, and gaseous outputs, - noise and odour outputs of the treatment unit. This document specifies minimum requirements of all types of outputs from the treatment unit. It does not specify or mandate the quality of resources recovered as these are highly dependent on the local (e.g. economic, social) context. Any resources produced and consumed internally to the process itself are outside the scope of this document. Similarly, with the exception of pathogen requirements, the quality and value of any resource recovery and reuse products derived from the treatment unit are outside the scope of this document. Apart from the requirement for energy independence under manufacturer specified input conditions during steady-state operation, this document does not set performance targets with respect to the amount or type of energy or resources to recover and/or use locally. This document does not address transportation and any intermediary processes required to supply the treatment unit with the defined inputs. Provisions of this document apply to the treatment unit according to its unit boundaries, i.e. within the process chain beginning with its specified inputs and ending with its outputs. Some of the considerations on sustainability of the treatment unit are highlighted in Annex B.
- Standard70 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard74 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies two methods for digestion of soil, treated biowaste, sludge and waste by the use of an aqua regia digestion. Digestion with aqua regia will not necessarily accomplish total decomposition of the sample. The extracted analyte concentrations may not necessarily reflect the total content in the sample but represent the aqua regia soluble metals under the condition of this test procedure. It is generally agreed that for environmental analysis purposes, the results are fit for the intended purpose to protect the environment. This document is applicable for the following elements: Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), selenium (Se), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulfur (S), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn). This document can also be applied for the digestion of other elements, provided the user has verified the applicability.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard39 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidance on, the evaluation and comparison of wastewater softening and desalination processes for industrial wastewater reclamation and reuse with specific consideration for the following six: 1) chemical precipitation; 2) ion exchange; 3) nanofiltration (NF); 4) reverse osmosis (RO); 5) electrodialysis (ED) and 6) electrodeionization (EDI). This document provides guidance on the characterisation of both influent and effluent quality (e.g. hardness, alkalinity, etc.) and the effects of these processes on those constituents. The purpose of softening and desalination is only for the reuse usages that have requirements for hardness and salinity, such as cooling circulating water, boiler water, production process water, and cleaning water. This document includes the following sub-processes of wastewater softening and desalination processes: a) wastewater softening processes based on chemical precipitation, ion exchange and NF, which aim to remove hardness ions, such as Mg2+ and Ca2+; b) desalination processes based on ion exchange, RO, ED, EDI and NF, which aim to remove the most of total dissolved solids (TDS). This document is applicable to: a) industrial saline wastewater, which has been pre-treated to remove most of the organic matters if necessary; b) the selection or design of wastewater softening and desalination processes for reuse of wastewater from industries.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document summarizes methods for the determination of the parameters pH, ammonium, AOX, As, Ba, Cd, Cl-, easily liberatable cyanide, Co, Cr, Cr(VI), Cu, DOC/TOC, electrical conductivity, F-, Hg, Mo, Ni, NO2-, Pb, phenol index, total S, Sb, Se, SO42-, TDS, V and Zn in aqueous eluates for the characterization of waste.
- Technical report37 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to supplement the methods and procedures described in Test Methods D5084. When following the recommendations in this guide to test paper sludges, all assumptions and limitations described in Test Methods D5084 apply.
4.2 This guide only applies to hydraulic conductivity tests on paper industry sludges where one-dimensional laminar flow of water is imposed using a flexible-wall permeameter.
4.3 The hydraulic conductivity of sludges, and other porous materials, generally decreases as the degree of water saturation decreases. This guide applies only to water-saturated sludge containing negligible amounts of gas.
4.4 This guide applies only to permeation of paper industry sludges with water. Information on testing porous materials with liquids other than water can be found in Test Method D7100.
4.5 The hydraulic conductivity of paper sludge measured in the laboratory following Test Methods D5084 and the recommendations in this guide may or may not be comparable to the hydraulic conductivity of in-place sludge. The issue has not been fully investigated. Therefore, the results should be applied to field situations with caution and by qualified personnel.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced when using the recommendations in this guide depends on the competence of the personnel performing the testing and the suitability of the equipment and facilities that are employed. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this guide are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 Paper industry sludges are industrial by-products derived from wastewater treatment operations at plants associated with the manufacturing of paper. These sludges typically consist of clay and organic matter. They may also contain low levels of inorganic and organic contaminants and can be rich in microbes. Traditionally, paper industry sludges have been disposed in municipal solid waste landfills or solid waste monofills. However, in the interest of sustainability, applications are being developed where sludges can be used beneficially. One application is using sludge to construct hydraulic barriers (for example, for use in a landfill cap). Such applications generally require that the hydraulic conductivity of the sludge be measured.
1.2 Compacted paper industry sludges generally behave like soils and are amenable to geotechnical testing methods. However, several of their attributes require special attention during testing. Compacted industry sludges generally are highly compressible due to their organic component. Thus, their hydraulic conductivity can be more sensitive to the effective stress and hydraulic gradient applied during testing than most soils. The microbes in paper sludge can also produce gas during testing, confounding testing methods.
1.3 This guide is intended to supplement ASTM D5084, Test Methods for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Saturated Porous Materials Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter. The purpose of the guide is to provide additional guidance on issues relevant to testing sludges using Test Methods D5084. The guide applies to specimens compacted in the laboratory using procedures such as those described in Test Methods D698 and D1557 or undisturbed specimens collected from the field using procedures such as Practice D1587/D1587M or Practice D7015/D7015M.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safet...
- Guide5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the principles, categories, and codes for the classification of industrial wastewater and is applicable to all types and sources of industrial wastewater. It provides a broad framework classifying industrial wastewater into different categories based on industry type and the associated water quality constituents, namely physical, chemical and biological characteristics with a specific code assigned based on both industry type and waste-stream classification.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for determining the zone settling velocity (ZSV) and the Compression point.
This document is applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions from:
- storm water handling;
- urban wastewater collecting systems;
- urban wastewater treatment plants;
- plants treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EEC);
- water supply treatment plants.
This method is also applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions of other origins.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the sludge (bulk) density. The procedure to determine density of the liquid and of the solid fractions of a suspension is described in Annex C.
This document is applicable to sludge suspensions from:
- storm water handling;
- urban wastewater collecting systems;
- urban wastewater treatment plants;
- treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater [7];
- water supply treatment plants.
This method is also applicable to sludge suspensions from other origin, provided the necessary verifications are done.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of drainability of flocculated sludge. It is applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions from:
- storm water handling;
- urban wastewater collecting systems;
- urban wastewater treatment plants;
- treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EEC);
- water supply treatment plants.
This method is also applicable to sludge suspensions from other origin.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the zone settling velocity (ZSV) and the Compression point.
This document is applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions from:
- storm water handling;
- urban wastewater collecting systems;
- urban wastewater treatment plants;
- plants treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EEC);
- water supply treatment plants.
This method is also applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions of other origins.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of drainability of flocculated sludge. It is applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions from:
- storm water handling;
- urban wastewater collecting systems;
- urban wastewater treatment plants;
- treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EEC);
- water supply treatment plants.
This method is also applicable to sludge suspensions from other origin.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This draft European Standard specifies a method for quantitative determination of 17 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in sludge, treated biowaste and soil using liquid column chromatographic clean-up methods and GC/HRMS.
The analytes to be determined with this European Standard are listed in Table 1.
(...)
The limit of detection depends on the kind of sample, the congener, the equipment used and the quality of chemicals used for extraction and clean-up. Under the conditions specified in this European Standard, limits of detection better than 1 ng/kg (expressed as dry matter) can be achieved.
This method is "performance based". It is allowed to modify the method if all performance criteria given in this method are met.
NOTE In principle this method can also be applied for sediments, mineral wastes and for vegetation. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to validate the application for these matrices. For measurement in complex matrices like fly ashes adsorbed on vegetation it can be necessary to further improve the clean-up. This can also apply to sediments and mineral wastes.
- Standard46 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the sludge (bulk) density. The procedure to determine density of the liquid and of the solid fractions of a suspension is described in Annex C.
This document is applicable to sludge suspensions from:
- storm water handling;
- urban wastewater collecting systems;
- urban wastewater treatment plants;
- treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater [7];
- water supply treatment plants.
This method is also applicable to sludge suspensions from other origin, provided the necessary verifications are done.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the construction, operation, and safety requirements for a shipboard oil pollution abatement system (OPAS) that processes oily waste and allows selective suction from all oily waste holding tanks, waste oil, dirty oil, and drain tanks and the bilges of all oily water generating spaces for operation within the U.S. Contiguous Zone as excepted by local regulatory authorities. This specification covers the entire system from the point of entering the system until the oil-water mixture is treated and discharged overboard. It includes minimizing oily waste generation, the oily waste holding tank, the oil-water separation device, the control system, feed and recirculation pump(s), a secondary treatment device, and an automatic stopping device.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture, installation, performance, and operation of a shipboard oil pollution abatement system (OPAS) that collects, transfers, and processes all the oily waste generated from incidental operation of machinery spaces. This specification applies to commercial and public vessels and is intended for use by designers, manufacturers, purchasers, installers, and operators of shipboard OPAS to determine the requirements for system design, equipment manufacture, equipment purchase, system integration and installation, and system in-service operation. This specification and its supplementary sections may be tailored to meet the specific user’s needs to cover from OPAS new construction to retrofitting of individual OPAS equipment.
1.2 OPAS is comprised of drain tanks, bilge suctions, transfer pumps, Oily Bilge Water Holding Tanks, Oil Residue (sludge) Tanks, 15 ppm Bilge Separator systems, 15 ppm Bilge Alarm, automatic stopping device, and deck connections. The 15 ppm Bilge Separator is considered to be applicable for use to separate oily bilge water and ballast water from fuel oil tanks. Treatment of ballast water is addressed in other regulations/standards and is not addressed herein.
1.3 This specification covers the system from the point of entering the OPAS until the oil-water mixture is treated, the clean water meeting the applicable discharge limits is discharged overboard, and the separated oil is contained for on shore disposal or further treatment. It also includes concepts for minimizing oily waste generation. This specification is intended to augment the existing regulations, provide the user options to meet their specific needs, and should not be considered a replacement for overriding regulation.
1.4 It is recognized that the development and testing of high capacity separating equipment designed for dealing with effluent from cargo tanks on tankers pose special problems and such equipment is not required to be tested under International Maritime Organization (IMO) Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) resolution MEPC.107 (49) nor is it covered in this specification
1.5 There are means to reduce the volume of bilge or process oily waste, or both, that are not considered 15 ppm Bilge Separators systems. Examples include incinerators, evaporators, combinations thereof, and other technologies. Such processes may require addressing all potential issues with the system such as toxicology and emissions to atmosphere. Such means or processes, or both, are out of scope of this specification.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical ...
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This procedure is intended to be used to evaluate the ignitability of liquid wastes.
5.2 Flash point measures the response of the subsample to applied heat and an ignition source under controlled laboratory conditions. It is only one of a number of properties that must be considered in assessing the overall flammability hazard of a liquid waste material.
5.3 Flash point can indicate the possible presence of highly volatile and flammable materials in a relatively nonvolatile or nonflammable material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for a finite flash point test, within the range of 20 to 70 °C, of liquid wastes using a manual or automated Pensky-Martens closed cup tester.
1.2 This test method contains two procedures and is applicable to liquid waste, liquid phase(s) of multi-phase waste, liquid waste with suspended solids, or liquid waste that tends to form a surface film under test conditions.
Note 1: If the liquid waste is of a viscosity such that the subsample volume will not be uniformly heated under the test conditions even with the increased stir rate of Procedure B, then use the small-scale method (Test Method D8174 for Finite Flash Point Determination of Liquid Wastes by Small-Scale Closed Cup Tester).
1.3 Procedure A is applicable to non-viscous liquids that are without suspended solids. Procedure B is applicable to viscous liquids, liquids with suspended solids, or liquids that form films.
Note 2: This test method is not applicable for corrosive liquid wastes (see Test Method D8174).
1.4 Units—The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning statements appear throughout. Also see applicable Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for information about certified reference materials (CRMs) or secondary working standards (SWSs) that may be used in the analysis. SDS may also be useful if some components of the waste sample are known.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This procedure is intended to be used to evaluate the ignitability of liquid wastes.
5.2 Flash point measures the response of the subsample to heat and an ignition source under controlled laboratory conditions. It is only one of a number of properties that shall be considered in assessing the overall flammability hazard of a liquid waste material.
5.3 Flash point can indicate the possible presence of highly volatile and flammable materials in a relatively nonvolatile or nonflammable material.
5.4 This test method uses a small sample volume (2 mL) and short test time (1 min).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for a flash point test, within the range of –20 to 70 °C, of liquid wastes using a small-scale closed cup tester.
Note 1: Some apparatus are not designed for subambient temperature tests, so the testing range would be between 20 °C and 70 °C.
Note 2: This test method is not applicable for liquid waste that forms a surface film (see Test Method D8175 for Finite Flash Point Determination of Wastes by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester).
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard measures the ignitability properties of liquid wastes (which may be any discarded material), which may include secondary materials, off-specification products, and materials containing free liquids recovered during emergency response actions. Results from this test method may be used as part of a fire risk assessment of the material, but it is the responsibility of the user to perform any additional characterization needed for determination of storage, transport, treatment, or disposal per current regulations.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning statements appear throughout. See applicable Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for information about certified reference materials (CRMs) or secondary working standards (SWSs) that may be used in this test method. SDS may also be useful if some components of the waste sample are known.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence and concentration of oil and grease in domestic and industrial wastewater is of concern to the public because of its deleterious aesthetic effect and its impact on aquatic life.
5.2 Regulations and standards have been established that require monitoring of oil and grease in water and wastewater.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of oil and grease and nonpolar material in water and wastewater by an infrared (IR) determination of dimer/trimer of chlorotrifluoroethylene (S-316)2 extractable substances from an acidified sample. Included in this estimation of oil and grease are any other compounds soluble in the solvent.
1.2 This test method is applicable to measurement of the light fuel although loss of some light ends during extraction can be expected.
1.3 This test method defines oil and grease in water and wastewater as that which is extractable in the test method and measured by IR absorption at 2930 cm-1 or 3.4 microns. Similarly, this test method defines nonpolar material in water and wastewater as that oil and grease which is not adsorbed by silica gel in the test method and measured by IR absorption at 2930 cm-1.
1.4 This test method covers the range of 5 to 100 mg/L and may be extended to a lower or higher level by extraction of a larger or smaller sample volume collected separately.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine (Guide D3856) the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the following elements in aqua regia or nitric acid digests of sludge, treated biowaste and soil:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), rubidium (Rb), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulfur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium(Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
The working range depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered.
The method detection limit of the method is between 0,1 mg/kg dry matter and 2,0 mg/kg dry matter for most elements. The limit of detection will be higher in cases where the determination is likely to be interfered (see Clause 4) or in case of memory effects (see e.g. 8.3 of EN ISO 17294-1:2006).
The method has been validated for the elements given in Table A.1 (sludge), Table A.2 (compost) and Table A.3 (soil). The method is applicable for the other elements listed above, provided the user has verified the applicability.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of mercury in aqua regia or nitric acid digests of sludge, treated biowaste and soil, obtained according to EN 16173 or EN 16174 using cold-vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CV-AFS). The lower working range limit is 0,003 mg/kg (dry matter basis).
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of mercury in aqua regia or nitric acid digests of sludge, treated biowaste and soil, obtained according to EN 16173 or EN 16174 using cold-vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). The lower working range limit is 0,03 mg/kg (dry matter basis).
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This part of the European Standard specifies a method for determining the flowability, as defined in CEN/TR 15463, of sludge by means of the extrusion tube apparatus.
This part of this European Standard is applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions from:
— storm water handling;
— urban wastewater collecting systems;
— urban wastewater treatment plants;
— plants treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EEC);
— water supply treatment plants.
This method is also applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions of other origins.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies the relevant characteristics of geotextiles and geotextile-related products used in liquid waste containment projects, and the appropriate test methods to determine these characteristics.
The intended use of these geotextiles or geotextile-related products is to fulfil one or more of the following functions: filtration, reinforcement and protection.
This European Standard is not applicable to geosynthetic barriers, as defined in EN ISO 10318 1.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the product to this European Standard and for factory production control procedures.
Particular application cases may contain requirements regarding additional properties and – preferably standardized – test methods, if they are technically relevant.
This European Standard may be used to derive design values by taking into account factors within the context of the definitions given in EN 1997 1 (Eurocode 7), e.g. factors of safety. The design life of the product should be determined, since its function may be temporary, as a construction expediency, or permanent, for the lifetime of the structure.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Sampling at specified depth(s) within a liquid may be needed to confirm or rule out variations within a target population. This practice describes the design and operation of commercially available grab and discrete depth samplers for persons responsible for designing or implementing sampling programs, or both.
4.2 These sampling devices are used for sampling liquids in tanks, ponds, impoundments, and other open bodies of water. Some may be used from the edge or bank of the sampling site, whereas some can only be used from a platform, boat, or bridge over the sampling site. Some of the devices described are suitable for sampling slurries and sludges as well as aqueous and other liquids with few or no suspended solids.
4.3 Practice D5743 provides guidance for sampling drums, tanks, or similar containers.
4.4 This practice does not address general guidelines for planning waste sampling activities (Guide D4687), development of data quality objectives (Practice D5792), the design of monitoring systems and determination of the number of samples to collect (Practice D6311), in situ measurement of parameters of interest, data assessment and statistical interpretation of resultant data (Guide D6233), sample preservation, sampling and field quality assurance (Guide D5612), or the selection of sampling locations or obtaining a representative sample (Guide D6044).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes sampling devices and procedures for collecting samples of liquids or sludges, or both, whose upper surface can be accessed by the suitable device. These devices may be used to sample tanks that have an appropriately sized and located sampling port.
1.2 This practice describes and discusses the advantages and limitations of the following commonly used equipment, some of which can be used for both grab and discrete depth sampling: dipper, liquid grab sampler, swing jar sampler, Bacon Bomb, Kemmerer sampler, Discrete Level sampler, liquid profiler, peristaltic pump, and the Syringe sampler.
1.3 This practice provides instructions on the use of these samplers.
1.4 This practice does not address sampling devices for collecting ground water.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A bailer is a device for obtaining a sample from stratified or un-stratified waters and liquid wastes. The most common use of a bailer is for sampling ground water from single-screened wells (Fig. 1) and well clusters (see Guide D4448).
5.2 This practice is applicable to sampling water and liquid wastes. The sampling procedure will depend on sampling plan and the data quality objectives (DQOs) (Practice D5792).
5.3 Bailers may be used to sample waters and liquid wastes in underground and above ground tanks and surface impoundments. However, the design of the unit and associated piping should be well understood so that the bailer can access the desired compartment and depth. Any stratification of the liquid should be identified prior to sampling.
Note 1: Viscous liquids and suspended solids may interfere with a bailer's designed operation.
5.4 Bailers do not subject the sample to pressure extremes. Bailing does disturb the water column and may cause changes to the parameters to be measured (for example, turbidity, gases, etc.).
5.5 The use of bailers in low flow wells for purging can result in increased agitation and turbidity in the sample and can introduce errors into the sample if the water surface level is drawn down below the top of the screen. In such cases, alternate methods of sampling such as Passive Sampling (Guide D7929) or Low Flow Sampling (Practice D6771) should be considered.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedure for sampling stratified or un-stratified waters and liquid waste using bailers.
1.2 Three specific bailers are discussed in this practice. The bailers are the single and double check valve and differential pressure.
1.3 This standard does not cover all of the bailing devices available to the user. The bailers chosen for this practice are typical of those commercially available.
1.4 This practice should be used in conjunction with Guide D4687, Practice D5088, and Practice D5283.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This part of the European Standard specifies a method for determining the flowability, as defined in CEN/TR 15463, of sludge by means of the extrusion tube apparatus.
This part of this European Standard is applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions from:
— storm water handling;
— urban wastewater collecting systems;
— urban wastewater treatment plants;
— plants treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EEC);
— water supply treatment plants.
This method is also applicable to sludge and sludge suspensions of other origins.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
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