13.060.30 - Sewage water
ICS 13.060.30 Details
Sewage water
Abwasser
Eaux usées
Odpadna voda
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 13.060.30 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Sewage water". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 541 standards classified under ICS 13.060.30 (Sewage water). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document provides guidelines for the use of treated wastewater (TWW) and treated greywater (TGW) for the irrigation of golf courses and other outdoor sports fields. This document covers aspects for the irrigation of turfgrass in golf courses and other sports fields, including: - public health aspects; - agronomic aspects. Additionally, this document provides guidance for the recovery and treatment of water from swimming pool operations for the irrigation of sports fields. NOTE This document is not intended to be used for certification purposes.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard16 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document establishes requirements and recommendations for the operation of the anaerobic digestion of sludge in order to support safe and sufficient operation of anaerobic digestion facilities to produce to produce sufficient biogas and control by-products qualities.
In particular, conditions to optimize mixing within the reactor and appropriate control systems management for safe and reliable operation are described in this document. Performance of the processes in terms of biogas and digestate production are presented depending on type of technologies available on the market. Blending sludge with waste (co-substrate) and mixing the sludge with organic wastes to increase digester loading are also considered.
This document is applicable to decision-makers and operators in charge of an anaerobic digestion system.
- Draft44 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document contains selected examples for good practice approaches for the management of assets of wastewater systems. This document is intended as a supporting document for ISO 24516-3 and ISO 24516-4, which contain guidelines for the management of assets of wastewater systems. As such, this document can contribute to realize value from existing assets when following the guidelines for the management of assets of wastewater systems approaches in the strategic, tactical and operational plans given in ISO 24516-3 and ISO 24516-4. NOTE A recapitulative table of the examples covered in this document is provided in Annex A.
- Technical report33 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidance and requirements for the management of on-site domestic wastewater systems and services, using appropriate technologies in their entirety at any level of development. This document supplements and is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 24511 and ISO 24525. It includes guidance and requirements for the following: - management of on-site domestic wastewater systems and services from the operator’s perspective, including maintenance techniques, training of personnel and risk considerations; - management of on-site domestic wastewater systems (ODWS) from the perspective of owners and users; - design and construction of ODWS; - planning, operation and maintenance, and health and safety issues. This document is applicable to both publicly and privately operated on-site domestic wastewater (black and grey water) services, for one or more dwellings. In rural areas and areas under development, management is sometimes provided by the owners of the premises where wastewater is generated. In this document the term “services” includes “self-services” provided by the owners of the premises. The following are outside the scope of this document: - limits of effluent quality for wastewater discharged into the environment; - analytical methods; - stormwater runoff; - content of contracts or subcontracts.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard40 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the basic design and construction requirements for wastewater treatment plants for over 50 PT.
NOTE 1 Requirements for structures which are not specific for wastewater treatment plants are not within the scope of this document. Other ENs can apply.
NOTE 2 Equipment which is not solely used in wastewater treatment plants is subject to the applicable product standards. However, specific requirements for such equipment when used in wastewater treatment plants are included in this part.
NOTE 3 Although this document specifies the basic design and construction requirements for wastewater treatment plants for over 50 PT, many requirements are only technically and economically feasible at significantly larger sizes.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the basic design and construction requirements for wastewater treatment plants for over 50 PT.
NOTE 1 Requirements for structures which are not specific for wastewater treatment plants are not within the scope of this document. Other ENs can apply.
NOTE 2 Equipment which is not solely used in wastewater treatment plants is subject to the applicable product standards. However, specific requirements for such equipment when used in wastewater treatment plants are included in this part.
NOTE 3 Although this document specifies the basic design and construction requirements for wastewater treatment plants for over 50 PT, many requirements are only technically and economically feasible at significantly larger sizes.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies design principles and performance requirements for sludge treatment and storage facilities at wastewater treatment plants serving more than 50 PT.
Guidance on operation is provided where it is necessary in order to facilitate the design of control and automation and design access to points of operation.
NOTE Other sludges and organic wastes can be treated together with municipal sewage sludge where national and local regulations permit.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies design principles and performance requirements for sludge treatment and storage facilities at wastewater treatment plants serving more than 50 PT.
Guidance on operation is provided where it is necessary in order to facilitate the design of control and automation and design access to points of operation.
NOTE Other sludges and organic wastes can be treated together with municipal sewage sludge where national and local regulations permit.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable to lagoons and specifies the performance requirements for the installation of lagooning processes.
This document applies to wastewater lagooning processes treating municipal wastewater from combined or separate sewage systems and when used as a tertiary treatment.
NOTE Lagoon systems are especially suitable for the treatment of wastewater where large flow variations occur (e.g. arising from surface water connections in the collection system). They are also especially suitable where large load variations occur (e.g. arising from fluctuating seasonal or industrial flows).
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies general requirements for instrumentation and specific requirements for process control and automation systems on wastewater treatment plants for more than 50 PT.
NOTE 1 Because of the rapid rate of development of sensor and control equipment, this document is intended as an overview and uses examples and general requirements, not detailed equipment specifications. Detailed information additional to that contained in this document can be obtained by referring to the Bibliography.
NOTE 2 Although EC directives become matters of law in member states of the EU and some other situations, this standard is intended for wider use and hence those directives with clear technical guidance of a type that would generally be appropriate in a standard are referenced in the text and listed in the Bibliography. The alternative of listing requirements copied from directives would potentially create unacceptable conflict when directives are revised.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The advantages of the Clarke-Bumpus plankton sampler are as follows:
5.1.1 It will sample a discrete depth or multiple depths, depending upon the sampling design.
5.1.2 It is a slow to medium speed sampler requiring a towing speed of three to five knots.
5.1.3 The sample size can be easily controlled.
5.1.4 The sampler is lightweight and can be used without auxiliary equipment.
5.1.5 It has a relatively high filtration efficiency factor of 0.88.
5.1.6 It is a versatile sampler and can be used in all but the shallowest waters.
5.1.7 The flowmeter records the amount of water that passes into the net.
5.1.8 Overspill of water at the mouth of the net due to excess speed of towing is of minimal consequence.
5.2 The disadvantages of the Clarke-Bumpus plankton sampler are as follows:
5.2.1 The flowmeter requires frequent maintenance including calibration and lubrication.
5.2.2 It is not suitable for use in very small areas or shallow waters.
5.3 There are several special considerations that shall be observed when using a Clarke-Bumpus plankton sampler. They are:
5.3.1 The flowmeter should be calibrated and serviced frequently to ensure efficient and accurate operation.
5.3.2 The sampler is relatively fragile, particularly the closing device and flowmeter. This necessitates careful deployment and recovery procedures.
5.3.3 Following each collection, the net must be thoroughly washed.
5.3.4 Special attention must be given to the strength of the cable and its attachment to avoid loss of the sampler.
5.3.5 The sampler should not be used in beds of macrophytes, in waters containing submerged objects, or close to the bottom.
5.3.6 The net should be inspected frequently for pin-size holes, tears, net deterioration, and other anomalies.
5.3.7 Following use, the wet net should be suspended full length in the air in subdued light and allowed to dry.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for obtaining quantitative samples of a zooplankton community by use of a Clarke-Bumpus plankton sampler.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The advantages of collecting zooplankton with pumps are as follows:
5.1.1 Sample size is more accurately controlled than with nets.
5.1.2 Discrete samples can be more easily obtained both vertically and horizontally.
5.1.3 Multiple or replicate samples can be more easily obtained.
5.1.4 The pumps are adaptable to a variety of ecosystems less than 30 m deep.
5.1.5 Sampling efficiency does not decrease with sample size.
5.2 The disadvantages of collecting zooplankton with pumps are as follows:
5.2.1 Pumps are bulky and require an electrical source.
5.2.2 Pumps are generally more costly than nets.
5.2.3 Pumps generally discriminate against collecting macroplankton.
5.2.4 Pump intake tubes may be avoided by the more motile zooplankton forms.
5.2.5 Requires a long, bulky, intake tube for deep water sampling.
5.3 There are several special considerations that should be observed when collecting zooplankton with a pump. They are:
5.3.1 Some pumps can fragment zooplankton and induce mortality due to their design.
5.3.2 The pump hose must be cleared before taking the next sample.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for obtaining qualitative/quantitative samples of a zooplankton community by use of pumping systems.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) buffered formalin (3 % to 5 %) can be used as a permanent preservative for zooplankton. Lugol’s iodine solution can be used to preserve zooplankton for up to one year. Thirty percent ethanol, 30 % glutaraldehyde, or 25 % vinegar (can use 3 % acetic acid solution) can be used for more temporary storage and preservation of zooplankton samples. A 25 % vinegar solution is preferred to preserve soft-bodied planktonic coelenterates.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the proper procedures for preserving zooplankton samples with either formaldehyde, ethanol, glutaraldehyde, Lugol’s iodine solution, or vinegar (acetic acid).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document is applicable to lagoons and specifies the performance requirements for the installation of lagooning processes.
This document applies to wastewater lagooning processes treating municipal wastewater from combined or separate sewage systems and when used as a tertiary treatment.
NOTE Lagoon systems are especially suitable for the treatment of wastewater where large flow variations occur (e.g. arising from surface water connections in the collection system). They are also especially suitable where large load variations occur (e.g. arising from fluctuating seasonal or industrial flows).
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies general requirements for instrumentation and specific requirements for process control and automation systems on wastewater treatment plants for more than 50 PT.
NOTE 1 Because of the rapid rate of development of sensor and control equipment, this document is intended as an overview and uses examples and general requirements, not detailed equipment specifications. Detailed information additional to that contained in this document can be obtained by referring to the Bibliography.
NOTE 2 Although EC directives become matters of law in member states of the EU and some other situations, this standard is intended for wider use and hence those directives with clear technical guidance of a type that would generally be appropriate in a standard are referenced in the text and listed in the Bibliography. The alternative of listing requirements copied from directives would potentially create unacceptable conflict when directives are revised.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies design principles and performance requirements for preliminary wastewater treatment using screens with a mesh size above 50 μm, at plants serving more than 50 PT. It also includes grit removal and grease separation.
NOTE 1 For micro-screens with a mesh size below 50 microns see EN 12255-16.
NOTE 2 The primary application of this document is for wastewater treatment plants designed for the treatment of domestic and municipal wastewater. However, it contains information that can also be useful for commercial and industrial wastewater pretreatment and for combined sewer overflows (CSO).
This document applies in combination with EN 12255-1 and EN 12255-10.
- Standard37 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidelines for the management of wastewater utilities and the assessment of wastewater services. This document is applicable to publicly and privately owned and operated wastewater utilities but does not favour any particular ownership or operational model. NOTE 1 Wastewater is always generated when water is used or consumed. Accordingly, sources of wastewater can be residential, industrial, commercial or institutional. Collected storm water or (melted) snow can also be considered as wastewater, as it often carries contaminants and pathogens picked up from air or ground surfaces on its way to a collection system. In certain circumstances, especially in undeveloped areas, sanitary waste is collected in an undiluted form. This document addresses wastewater systems in their entirety and is applicable to systems at any level of development (e.g. pit latrines, on-site systems, networks, treatment facilities). The following are within the scope of this document: - the definition of a language common to different stakeholders; - objectives for the wastewater utility; - guidelines for the management of wastewater utilities; - service assessment criteria and related examples of performance indicators, all without setting any target values or thresholds. The following are outside the scope of this document: - methods of design and construction of wastewater systems; - regulation of the management structure and the methodology of wastewater service activities of operation and management; - regulation of the content of contracts or subcontracts; - topics related to the systems inside buildings, between the point-of-discharge and the point-of-collection.
- Standard57 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard62 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidelines for the planning and implementation of hardening of different water and wastewater infrastructures aiming to improve the resilience of water and wastewater services provided by water utilities through security measures. It applies to the determination of measures for the protection of water supply systems and sewer collection systems from unwanted or unplanned access, as part of risk management. This document is applicable to all water and/or wastewater utilities. This document does not include guidelines for the protection of large water sources such as lakes or rivers.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies design principles and performance requirements for preliminary wastewater treatment using screens with a mesh size above 50 μm, at plants serving more than 50 PT. It also includes grit removal and grease separation.
NOTE 1 For micro-screens with a mesh size below 50 microns see EN 12255-16.
NOTE 2 The primary application of this document is for wastewater treatment plants designed for the treatment of domestic and municipal wastewater. However, it contains information that can also be useful for commercial and industrial wastewater pretreatment and for combined sewer overflows (CSO).
This document applies in combination with EN 12255-1 and EN 12255-10.
- Standard37 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the elements of drinking water and wastewater services of relevance and interest to users. It also provides guidance on how to identify users’ needs and expectations and how to assess whether these are being met. The following are within the scope of this document: - the definition of a language common to the different stakeholders; - the definition of key elements and characteristics of the service to users; - the objectives for the service with respect to users’ needs and expectations; - guidelines for satisfying users’ needs and expectations; - assessment criteria for service to users; - introduction to performance indicators; - examples of performance indicators. The following are outside the scope of this document: - methods of design and construction of drinking water and wastewater systems; - the regulating management structure and methodology of operation and management of activities relating to drinking water and wastewater services, including contracting; - topics relating to the system inside buildings.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard52 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Each device has unique flow patterns and turbulence characteristics. In addition, each device exhibits a wide range of efficiencies as discharge, particle size, particle density, and flow viscosity (that is, water temperature) change. The testing procedure in Section 7 will help develop the parameters necessary to input into a function that describes the performance of a device under a wide range of application conditions. Specifically, this test standard produces a characteristic curve that describes the hydraulic head-discharge relationship in a hydrodynamic separator over a range of flow rates typical in system operation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method concerns measurement of selected hydraulic characteristics of hydrodynamic separators and underground settling devices critical to their function as stormwater treatment devices.
1.2 Units tested shall be of a size commonly manufactured and available for purchase. In order to facilitate testing it is permissible to substitute alternate materials for the housing and structural components of the test units if operational components are at full size, with identical dimensions, configurations and materials specified for commercial use. Scale models are not permissible.
1.3 As each stormwater treatment device is unique in design, so are its hydraulic characteristics (flow versus head and loss coefficients). A sufficient number of accurately measured data points are needed to properly define the hydraulic characteristics of each test unit. Therefore, it is imperative that the unit setup and subsequent testing methodologies be well defined and executed to ensure accurate flow and elevation data.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, except for methods to establish and report sediment concentration and particle size. It is convention to exclusively describe sediment concentration in mg/L and particle size in mm or µm, both of which are SI units. The SI units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pound units shall not be regarded as non-conformance with this test method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document sets out the general principles for, and provides guidance on, the quantitative characterization of energy recovery from wastewater and sludge treatment, and how to account for this in the total energy consumption calculation. The scope of this document includes: - a definition of the main energy recovery processes applicable to industrial wastewater treatment and sludge treatment for reuse, such as anaerobic digestion yielding biogas; - an introduction to the possible forms of energy generated by energy recovery processes and systems, such as electricity, steam or heat, and how to account for intentional wasting or commercial utilization of biogas; - guidance on the value to be taken into account as quantification of the energy generated, including the power actually generated on average; - a limit level for contaminated components in biogas allowed before any utilization; - principles to integrate the energy recovery results with the energy consumption in accordance with ISO 21939-1. Energy production which is not recovered from wastewater or sludge treatment processes is not within the scope of this document and is not included in the calculations and results expressed in it.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Industrialized and urban areas have been found to deposit a number of toxic elements into environments where those elements were previously either not present or were found in trace amounts. Consequently, it is important to be able to measure the concentration of these pollution-deposited elements to properly study pollution effects.
5.2 This procedure is concerned with the pollution-related trace elements that are described in 4.1 rather than those elements incorporated in the silicate lattices of the minerals from which the sediments were derived. These pollution-related trace elements are released into the water and readsorbed by the sediments with changes in general water quality, pH in particular. These elements are a serious source of pollution. The elements locked in the silicate lattices are not readily available in the biosphere (1-8).
5.3 When comparing the trace element concentrations, it is important to consider the particle sizes to be analyzed (8, 9).
5.3.1 The finer the particle the greater the surface area. Consequently, a potentially greater amount of a given trace element can be adsorbed on the surface of fine, particulate samples (4). For particle sizes smaller than 80 mesh, metal content is no longer dependent on surface area. Therefore, if this portion of the sediment is used, the analysis with respect to sample type (that is, sand, salt, or clay) is normalized. It has also been observed that the greatest contrast between anomalous and background samples is obtained when less than 80-mesh portion of the sediment is used (4, 5).
5.3.2 After the samples have been dried, care must be taken not to grind the sample in such a way to alter the natural particle-size distribution (14.1). Fracturing a particle disrupts the silicate lattice and makes available those elements which otherwise are not easily digested (6). Normally, aggregates of dried, natural soils, sediments, and many clays dissociate once the reagents are added (14.3 and 1...
SCOPE
1.1 These practices describe the partial extraction of soils, bottom sediments, suspended sediments, and waterborne materials to determine the extractable concentrations of certain trace elements.
1.1.1 Practice A is capable of extracting concentrations of aluminum, boron, barium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, sodium, strontium, vanadium, and zinc from the preceding materials. Other metals may be determined using this practice. This extraction is the more vigorous and more complicated of the two.
1.1.2 Practice B is capable of extracting concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, and zinc from the preceding materials. Other metals may be determined using this practice. This extraction is less vigorous and less complicated than Practice A.
1.2 These practices describe three means of preparing samples prior to digestion:
1.2.1 Freeze-drying.
1.2.2 Air-drying at room temperature.
1.2.3 Accelerated air-drying, for example, 95 °C.
1.3 The detection limit and linear concentration range of each procedure for each element is dependent on the atomic absorption spectrophotometric or other technique employed and may be found in the manual accompanying the instrument used. Also see various ASTM test methods for determining specific metals using atomic absorption spectrophotometric techniques.
1.3.1 The sensitivity of the practice can be adjusted by varying the sample size (14.2) or the dilution of the sample (14.6), or both.
1.4 Extractable trace element analysis provides more information than total metal analysis for the detection of pollutants, since absorption, complexation, and precipitation are the methods by which metals from polluted waters are retained in sediments.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are inc...
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies design principles and performance requirements for odour control and associated ventilation for wastewater treatment plants serving more than 50PT.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidelines for the evaluation of the fertilizer value of treated wastewater (TWW) at different treatment levels, for an effective fertilization of crops irrigated with TWW. This document covers: - evaluation of the nutrient quantities provided by TWW and the synchronization between crop needs and the nutrients applied with TWW; - availability of nutrients to crops irrigated with TWW; - monitoring nutrients in water, soil and crops irrigated with TWW; - matching between TWW quality and fertilizer properties. Risk assessment and risk management for the safe use of TWW in irrigation projects are addressed in ISO 20426[1] and ISO 16075-2[2].
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies design principles and performance requirements for odour control and associated ventilation for wastewater treatment plants serving more than 50PT.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the recommended design requirements and manufacturing practices for monolithic or sectional precast concrete water and wastewater structures with the exception of concrete pipe, box culverts, utility structures, septic tanks, grease interceptor tanks, and items included under the scope of Specification C478/C478M.
Note 1: Water and wastewater structures are defined as solar heating reservoirs, cisterns, holding tanks, leaching tanks, extended aeration tanks, wet wells, pumping stations, distribution boxes, oil-water separators, treatment plants, manure pits, catch basins, drop inlets, and similar structures.
Note 2: Installation and sealant requirements should receive special consideration due to special features of the application.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies design principles and performance requirements for disinfection of effluents (excluding sludge) at wastewater treatment plants serving more than 50 PT.
NOTE Sludge disinfection is described in EN 12255-8.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements for chemical treatment of wastewater by precipitation/flocculation for removal of phosphorus and suspended solids.
The application of polymers is not described in this document.
Differences in wastewater treatment throughout Europe have led to a variety of practices being developed. This document gives fundamental information about the practices; this standard has not attempted to specify all available practices.
NOTE Chemical treatment can be performed in combination with primary and more commonly with secondary treatment, but it can also be performed as separate tertiary treatment, usually in combination with filtration (see EN 12255-16). Chemical treatment can provide a potential contribution to the circular economy through the recovery of materials, such as phosphorus, from wastewater or sludge.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies performance requirements for treatment of wastewater using the activated sludge process for plants over 50 PT.
The informative Annexes A to W provide design information.
- Standard63 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ABSTRACT
This specification covers monolithicor sectional precast concrete septic tanks. The following materials shall be used for manufacturing concrete septic tank: cement, aggregates, water, admixtures, steel reinforcement, concrete mixtures, forms, concrete placement, fibers, and sealants. The precast concrete sections shall be cured. Structural design of the septic tanks shall be by calculation or by performance. Concrete strength, reinforcing steel placement, and openings shall also be considered in the design. The physical design requirements include: capacity, shape, compartments, influent and effluent pipes, baffles and outlet devices, and openings in top slab. The following tests shall also be done: proof testing, leakage testing, vacuum testing, and water-pressure testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers design requirements, manufacturing practices, and performance requirements for monolithic or sectional precast concrete septic tanks.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the requirements for chemical treatment of wastewater by precipitation/flocculation for removal of phosphorus and suspended solids.
The application of polymers is not described in this document.
Differences in wastewater treatment throughout Europe have led to a variety of practices being developed. This document gives fundamental information about the practices; this standard has not attempted to specify all available practices.
NOTE Chemical treatment can be performed in combination with primary and more commonly with secondary treatment, but it can also be performed as separate tertiary treatment, usually in combination with filtration (see EN 12255-16). Chemical treatment can provide a potential contribution to the circular economy through the recovery of materials, such as phosphorus, from wastewater or sludge.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies performance requirements for treatment of wastewater using the activated sludge process for plants over 50 PT.
The informative Annexes A to W provide design information.
- Standard63 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies design principles and performance requirements for disinfection of effluents (excluding sludge) at wastewater treatment plants serving more than 50 PT.
NOTE Sludge disinfection is described in EN 12255-8.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended as a solution to the difficulty of obtaining reproducible test results from heterogeneous samples.
5.2 This practice works best with multilayered liquids, but can also be applied to samples with solid particles that are sufficiently small in size to be suspended in an emulsion.
5.3 The emulsified/suspended sample can be used for all bulk property testing such as microwave digestion/inductively coupled argon plasma (ICAP), ion chromatography, heat of combustion, ash content, water, nonvolatile residue, and pH. It may be prudent to retain a portion of the sample in its original, multiphase form for some types of analyses.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the generation of a uniform mixture or emulsion from multiphase samples which are primarily liquid in order to facilitate sample preparation, transfer, and analysis.
1.2 This practice is designed to keep a multiphase fluid sample in an emulsified/suspended state long enough to take a single, composite sample that is representative of the sample as a whole. The sample may reform multiple layers after standing.
1.3 The emulsion/suspension generated by following this practice can be used only for analytical procedures designed for the total sample and procedures not significantly affected by the emulsifier or the presence of an emulsion/suspension.
1.4 This practice assumes that a representative sample of not more than 1 L has been obtained.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A microcosm test is conducted to obtain information concerning toxicity or other effects of a test material on the interactions among three trophic levels (primary, secondary, and detrital) and the competitive interactions within each trophic level. As with most natural aquatic ecosystems, the microcosms depend upon algal production (primary production) to support the grazer trophic level (secondary production), which along with the microbial community are primarily responsible for the nutrient recycling necessary to sustain primary production. Microcosm initial condition includes some detritus (chitin and cellulose) and additional detritus is produced by the system. The microcosms include ecologically important processes and organisms representative of ponds and lakes, but are non-site specific. To the extent possible, all solutions are mixtures of distilled water and reagent grade chemicals (see Section 8) and all organisms are available in commercial culture collections.
5.2 The species used are easy to culture in the laboratory and some are routinely used for single species toxicity tests (Guide E729; Practice D3978, Guides E1192 and E1193). Presumably acute toxicity test results with some of these species would be available prior to the decision to undertake the microcosm test. If available, single species toxicity results would aid in distinguishing between indirect and direct effects.
5.3 These procedures are based mostly on published methods (4-6), interlaboratory testing (7-10, 11), intermediate studies (12-23, 24), statistical studies (25-27) and mathematical simulation results (28). Newer studies on jet fuels have been reported (29)(See 15.1 for multivariate statistical analyses) and on the implications of multispecies testing for pesticide registration (30). Environmental Protection Agency, (EPA) and Food and Drug Administration, (FDA) published similar microcosm tests (31). The methods described here were used to determine the criteria for A...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining data concerning toxicity and other effects of a test material to a multi-trophic level freshwater community, independent of the location of the test.
1.2 These procedures also might be useful for studying the fate of test materials and transformation products, although modifications and additional analytical procedures might be necessary.
1.3 Modification of these procedures might be justified by special needs or circumstances. Although using appropriate procedures is more important than following prescribed procedures, results of tests conducted using unusual procedures are not likely to be comparable to results of many other tests. Comparison of results obtained using modified and unmodified versions of these procedures might provide useful information concerning new concepts and procedures for conducting multi-trophic level tests.
1.4 This practice is arranged as follows:
Section
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Practice
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Facilities
6.1
Container
6.2
Equipment
6.3
Hazards
7
Microcosm Components
8
Medium
8.1
Medium Preparation
8.2
Sediment
8.3
Microcosm Assembly
8.4
Test Material
9
General
9.1
Stock Solution
9.2
Nutrient Control
9.3
Test Organisms
10
Algae
10.1
Animals
10.2
Specificity of Organisms
10.3
Sources
10.4
Algal Culture Maintenance
10.5
Animal Culture Maintenance
10.6
Procedure
11
Experimental Design
11.1
Inoculation
11.2
Culling
11.3
Addition of Test Material
11.4
Measurements
11.5
Reinoculations
11.6
Analytical Methodology
12
Data Processing
13
Calculations of Variables from Measurements
14
Statistical Analyses ...
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Domestic wastewater headspace environments are corrosive due to the presence of sewer gases and sulfuric acid generated during the biogenic sulfide corrosion process.5 This operating procedure provides an accelerated exposure to sewer gases and concentration of sulfuric acid commonly produced by bacteria within these sewer environments.6
5.2 The results obtained by the use of this practice can be a means for estimating the protective barrier qualities of a protective coating or lining for use in severe sewer conditions.
5.3 Some protective coatings or linings may not withstand the exposure temperature specified in this practice but have demonstrated satisfactory performance in actual sewer exposures, which are at lower temperatures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the basic apparatus, procedures, and conditions required to create and maintain the severe wastewater analysis testing apparatus used for testing a protective coating or lining.
1.2 This apparatus may simulate the pertinent attributes of a typical domestic severe wastewater headspace (sewer) environment. The testing chamber comprises two phases: (1) a liquid phase containing a prescribed acid and saline solution, and (2) a vapor phase consisting of air, humidity, and concentrated sewer gas (Note 1). The temperature of the test chamber is elevated to create accelerated conditions and reaction rates.
Note 1: For the purposes of this practice, sewer gas is composed of hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and methane gas.
1.3 Caution—This practice can be extremely hazardous. All necessary precautions need to be taken when working with sewer gas, sulfuric acid, and a glass tank. It is highly recommended that a professional testing laboratory experienced in testing with hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and methane gases perform this practice.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 8 on Hazards.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document establishes the basis for a framework for water utilities to operate efficiently and effectively considering stakeholder needs and expectations. This document is applicable to all water utilities, regardless of ownership and management model (public or private), size, service provided or location. This document proposes principles for effective and efficient corporate governance of water utilities with a focus on the roles and responsibilities of the responsible bodies and operators and on the decision-making process involving the relevant stakeholders. It also includes key types of decisions to be made.
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- Standard29 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The principal characteristic of geomembranes is their intrinsically low permeability to a broad range of gases, vapors, and liquids, both as single-component fluids and as complex mixtures of many constituents. As low-permeable materials, geomembranes are being used in a wide range of engineering applications in geotechnical, environmental, and transportation areas as barriers to control the migration of mobile fluids and their constituents. The range of potential permeants is broad and the service conditions can differ greatly. This guide shows users test methods available for determining the permeability of geomembranes to various permeants.
5.2 The transmission of various species through a geomembrane is subject to many factors that must be assessed in order to be able to predict its effectiveness for a specific service. Permeability measurements are affected by test conditions, and measurements made by one method cannot be translated from one application to another. A wide variety of permeability tests have been devised to measure the permeability of polymeric materials; however, only a limited number of these procedures have been applied to geomembranes. Test conditions and procedures should be selected to reflect actual service requirements as closely as possible. It should be noted that field conditions may be difficult to model or maintain in the laboratory. This may impact apparent performance of geomembrane samples.
5.3 This guide discusses the mechanism of permeation of mobile chemical species through geomembranes and the permeability tests that are relevant to various types of applications and permeating species. Specific tests for the permeability of geomembranes to both single-component fluids and multicomponent fluids that contain a variety of permeants are described and discussed.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers selecting one or more appropriate test methods to assess the permeability of all candidate geomembranes for a proposed specific application to various permeants. The widely different uses of geomembranes as barriers to the transport and migration of different gases, vapors, and liquids under different service conditions require determinations of permeability by test methods that relate to and simulate the service. Geomembranes are nonporous, homogeneous materials that are permeable in varying degrees to gases, vapors, and liquids on a molecular scale in a three-step process by: (1) dissolution in or absorption by the geomembrane on the upstream side, (2) diffusion through the geomembrane, and (3) desorption on the downstream side of the barrier.
1.2 The rate of transmission of a given chemical species, whether as a single permeant or in mixtures, is driven by its chemical potential or in practical terms by its concentration gradient across the geomembrane. Various methods to assess the permeability of geomembranes to single component permeants, such as individual gases, vapors, and liquids are referenced and briefly described.
1.3 Various test methods for the measurement of permeation and transmission through geomembranes of individual species in complex mixtures such as waste liquids are discussed.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the design requirements for plant and equipment to remove solids, other than screenings and grit, from raw wastewater, at wastewater treatment plants for over 50 PT.
It includes primary treatment with sedimentation, fine screens and micro-screens.
NOTE 1 The removal of screenings and grit is covered in EN 12255-3.
NOTE 2 Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is not covered in detail in this document because it is not commonly used for primary treatment in municipal wastewater treatment plants. It can be used for primary treatment of industrial wastewater, but then the design is specific to the application.
- Standard27 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies data which is necessary for the planning, design, bidding, performance guarantees, construction, start-up and compliance testing of a wastewater treatment plant or parts of it. This document gives fundamental information about the practices; this document has not attempted to specify all available practices.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines minimum safety requirements to be observed in the planning, construction or reconstruction of wastewater treatment plants.
The purpose of this document is to ensure the protection of people.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines minimum safety requirements to be observed in the planning, construction or reconstruction of wastewater treatment plants.
The purpose of this document is to ensure the protection of people.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the design requirements for plant and equipment to remove solids, other than screenings and grit, from raw wastewater, at wastewater treatment plants for over 50 PT.
It includes primary treatment with sedimentation, fine screens and micro-screens.
NOTE 1 The removal of screenings and grit is covered in EN 12255-3.
NOTE 2 Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is not covered in detail in this document because it is not commonly used for primary treatment in municipal wastewater treatment plants. It can be used for primary treatment of industrial wastewater, but then the design is specific to the application.
- Standard27 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies data which is necessary for the planning, design, bidding, performance guarantees, construction, start-up and compliance testing of a wastewater treatment plant or parts of it. This document gives fundamental information about the practices; this document has not attempted to specify all available practices.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidance and specifications for the operation and maintenance (O&M) of on-site domestic wastewater services, using appropriate technologies at any level of development. This document supplements and is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 24513 and ISO 24521. This document provides assistance to relevant authorities, training organizations, certification bodies and other responsible entities for the development of regulations, plans and manuals, as well as information and training materials addressed to operators and users of on-site domestic wastewater systems (ODWS). This document is applicable to both publicly and privately operated on-site domestic wastewater (blackwater and greywater) systems for one or more dwellings or other premises where wastewater is generated. The scope of this document includes the following: - O&M of ODWS from the operator’s perspective; - O&M of ODWS from the user’s perspective; - training and information aspects; - environmental, health and safety issues. The following are outside the scope of this document: - detailed design of ODWS; - limits of acceptability for discharge of wastewater or sludge; - analytical methods; - management structure of wastewater services’ activities for O&M; - content of contracts or subcontracts. NOTE 1 Management of ODWS, especially in rural areas and areas under development, is sometimes provided by the owners of the premises where wastewater is generated. In such cases, the owners of the premises carry out the management themselves. In this document, the term “services” includes “self-services” provided by the owners or users of the premises. NOTE 2 Especially in undeveloped areas, sanitary wastewater is collected in an undiluted form. Sources of sanitary wastewater in this document are domestic, excluding stormwater runoff. NOTE 3 The designation of activities as operation activities or maintenance activities can differ according to the local context. However, it is important that activities essential for the proper functioning of ODWS are carried out, no matter how these activities are designated.
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minerology, specific gravity, and particle size distributions (PSDs) of silica-based sediments to be used in the laboratory performance testing of stormwater treatment devices as well as criteria defining acceptable error for the target PSDs.
1.2 Silica-based sediment is used as a surrogate material for performance and scour determinations for some manufactured stormwater treatment devices such as hydrodynamic separators and filters. These data are used to gain regulatory approvals within certain jurisdictions.
1.3 Acceptance of test results attained according to this specification may be subject to specific requirements set by a Quality Assurance Project Plan, a specific verification protocol, or a policy set by an Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). It is advised to review one or all of the above to ensure compliance.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, except for methods to establish and report sediment concentration and particle size. It is convention to exclusively describe sediment concentration in mg/L and particle size in mm or μm, both of which are SI units. The SI units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pound units shall be regarded as conforming with this test method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Silica-based sediment is considered hazardous under the OSHA Hazard Communications Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice allows the adsorption capacity at equilibrium of an activated carbon for adsorbable constituents present in water to be determined. The Freundlich K and 1/n constants that can be calculated based upon information collected using this practice can be used to estimate carbon loading capacities and usages rates for the constituent present in a water stream at other concentrations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the assessment of activated carbon for the removal of low concentrations of adsorbable constituents from water and wastewater using the bottle point isotherm technique. It can be used to characterize the adsorptive properties of virgin and reactivated activated carbons.
1.2 This practice can be used in systems with constituent concentrations in the low milligrams per litre or micrograms per litre concentration ranges.
1.3 This practice can be used to determine the adsorptive capacity of and Freundlich constants for volatile organic compounds provided the handling procedures described in this practice are followed carefully.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer and water works. Reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, and water, in which steel reinforcement has been embedded in such a manner so that the steel reinforcement and concrete act together. Aggregates shall conform to the specification , except that the requirements for gradation shall not apply. Minimum compressive strength of concrete manhole products covered must meet the requirement. The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, and mixed with such proportions of cementitious materials and water as will produce as homogeneous concrete mixture of such quality that the products will conform to the test and design requirements. Concrete products shall be subjected to either steam or water curing. Test methods such as compression and absorption testing shall be performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.
1.2 Part I, Sections 1 – 11, of this specification presents general requirements and requirements that are common to each precast concrete product covered by this specification.
1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific requirements for each manhole product in the following sections:
Product
Section
Grade Rings
12
Flat Slab Tops
13
Risers and Conical Tops
14
Base Sections
15
Steps and Ladders
16
Note 1: Future products will be included in Part II in a future revision of this specification.
1.4 The values stated in either inch pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
Note 2: This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relationship between field load conditions and the strength requirements of the manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however, that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care in the field installation of the manhole products and connecting pipes. The owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The goal of sampling is to obtain for analysis a portion of the whole that is representative. The most critical factors are the selection of sampling areas and number of samples, the method used for sampling, and the maintenance of the integrity of the sample prior to analysis. Analysis of water-formed deposits should give valuable information concerning cycle system chemistry, component corrosion, erosion, the failure mechanism, the need for chemical cleaning, the method of chemical cleaning, localized cycle corrosion, boiler carryover, flow patterns in a turbine, and the rate of radiation build-up. Some sources of water-formed deposits are cycle corrosion products, make-up water contaminants, and condenser cooling water contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover the sampling of water-formed deposits for chemical, physical, biological, or radiological analysis. The practices cover both field and laboratory sampling. It also defines the various types of deposits. The following practices are included:
Sections
Practice A—Sampling Water-Formed Deposits From Tubing
of Steam Generators and Heat Exchangers
8 to 10
Practice B—Sampling Water-Formed Deposits From Steam
Turbines
11 to 14
1.2 The general procedures of selection and removal of deposits given here can be applied to a variety of surfaces that are subject to water-formed deposits. However, the investigator must resort to his individual experience and judgment in applying these procedures to his specific problem.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.See Section 7, 9.8, 9.8.4.6, and 9.14 for specific hazards statements.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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