ASTM F2363/F2363M-17(2023)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2363/F2363M − 17 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Sewage and Graywater Flow Through Treatment Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2363/F2363M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Shipboard treatment of wastewater has evolved over the years from systems using maceration and
chlorination techniques to more advanced biological systems that are designed to treat a single
wastestream of sewage followed more recently by complex bio-reactor systems employing advanced
oxidation and high-powered UV systems that are designed to remove organic and inorganic materials
from a combined wastestream of sewage and graywater.
Advancements in treatment technologies have been fueled, in part, by shipping companies wanting
to adopt more environmentally friendly practices as well as by regulatory bodies imposing more
stringent standards on wastewater discharges from ships.
This standard is a consolidated source of sewage and graywater treatment system requirements that
combines international requirements in MARPOL Annex IV with requirements of other regulatory
bodies and overlays industry best practices.
1. Scope 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
performance, operation, and testing of flow through treatment
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
systems intended to process sewage or graywater, or both,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
generated during a ship’s normal service. This specification is
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
intended for use by designers, manufacturers, purchasers, and
operators of shipboard environmental pollution control equip-
2. Referenced Documents
ment to determine the requirements for equipment design,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
manufacture, purchase, and in-service operation.
A307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts, Studs, and
1.2 The treatment system shall be capable of meeting the
Threaded Rod 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength
effluent requirements detailed in Section 4 with respect to a
A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts (Metric)
ship’s operational area.
A0563_A0563M
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
B165 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Seamless Pipe
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
and Tube
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
D1253 Test Method for Residual Chlorine in Water
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
with the standard.
Sieves
F906 Specification for Letters and Numerals for Ships
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the F992 Specification for Valve Label Plates
F993 Specification for Valve Locking Devices
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
F998 Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
F1030 Practice for Selection of Valve Operators
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
F1098 Specification for Envelope Dimensions for Butterfly
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.06 on
Marine Environmental Protection. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F2363/F2363M – 17. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI:10.1520/F2363_F2363M-17R23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2363/F2363M − 17 (2023)
Valves—NPS 2 to 24 ANSI/ASSE 1013 Performance requirements for reduced
F1122 Specification for Quick Disconnect Couplings (6 in. pressure principle backflow preventers and reduced pres-
NPS and Smaller) sure principle fire protection backflow preventers
F1155 Practice for Selection and Application of Piping ANSI/ISA 60079-1 Explosive atmospheres–Part 1: Equip-
System Materials ment protection by flameproof enclosures d
F1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine ANSI/ISA 60079-11 Explosive atmospheres–Part 11: Equip-
Systems, Equipment, and Facilities ment protection by intrinsic safety i
F1298 Specification for Flexible, Expansion-Type Ball ANSI/NEMA 250 Enclosures for electrical equipment (1000
Joints for Marine Applications Volts Maximum)
F1323 Specification for Shipboard Incinerators ANSI/NEMA MG 1 Motors and generators
F1387 Specification for Performance of Piping and Tubing DoD 4715.6-R1 Regulations on vessels owned or operated
Mechanically Attached Fittings by the Department of Defense
F1510 Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement IEC 60079-1 Explosive atmospheres–Part 1: Equipment
Pumps, Ships Use protection by flameproof enclosures d
F1511 Specification for Mechanical Seals for Shipboard IEC 60079-11 Explosive atmospheres–Part 11: Equipment
Pump Applications protection by intrinsic safety I
F2044 Specification for Liquid Level Indicating Equipment, IEC 60085 Electrical insulation–Thermal evaluation and
Electrical designation
IEC 60092–350 Electrical installations in ships–Part 350:
2.2 ASME Standards:
B16.1 Gray iron pipe flanges and flanged fittings: Classes General construction and test methods of power, control,
and instrumentation cables for shipboard and offshore
25, 125, and 250
B16.5 Pipe flanges and flanged fittings: NPS ⁄2 through NPS applications
IEC 60092–353 Electrical installations in ships–Part 353:
24 metric/inch standard
B16.11 Forged fittings, socket-welding and threaded Single and multicore non-radial field power cables with
extruded solid insulation for rated voltages 1 kV and 3
B16.24 Cast copper alloy pipe flanges and flanged fittings:
Classes 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 kV
IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP
B16.34 Valves flanged, threaded, and welding end
Code)
2.3 IMO Regulations:
IEEE 1580 Recommended practice for marine cable for use
MARPOL Annex IV Regulations for the prevention of
on shipboard and fixed or floating platforms
pollution by sewage from ships
MIL-S-167-1 Test method standard for mechanical vibra-
MEPC.227(64)(2012) Guidelines on implementation of ef-
tions of shipboard equipment
fluent standards and performance tests for sewage treat-
MIL-S-901 Requirements for shock tests: High-impact ship-
ment plants
board machinery, equipment, and systems
2.4 ISO Standards:
NFPA 70 National Electrical Code
ISO 5815-1 Water quality–Determination of biochemical
SNAME T&R Bulletin 3-37 Design guide for shipboard
oxygen demand after n days (BOD )–Part 1: Dilution and
n
airborne noise control
seeding method with allylthiourea addition
SM 4600-Cl Chlorine (residual)–Standard methods for the
ISO 15705 Water quality–Determination of the chemical
examination of water and wastewater
oxygen demand index (ST-COD)–Small-scale sealed-tube
UL 913 Intrinsically safe apparatus and associated apparatus
method
for use in class I, II, and III, division 1, hazardous
2.5 U.S. Laws and Regulations:
(classified) locations
33 CFR Part 159 Marine sanitation devices
UL 1203 Explosion-proof and dust-ignition-proof electrical
33 CFR 159.301 Subpart E–Discharge of effluents in certain
Alaskan waters by cruise vessel operations
40 CFR Part 136 Guidelines establishing test procedures for
the analysis of pollutants
Available from the Under Secretary of Defense (AT&L), Department of
Defense, 3400 Defense Pentagon, Washington, DC 20301-3400, USA, http://
2.6 Other Standards:
www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pub1.html.
ANSI/ASSE 1001 Performance requirements for atmo-
Available from the International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de
spheric type vacuum breakers
Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iec.ch.
Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),
445 Hoes Ln., Piscataway, NJ 08854, http://www.ieee.org.
3 10
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:// Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
www.asme.org. Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
Available from the International Maritime Organization, 4 Albert Embankment, Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom, http://www.imo.org. Available from the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, 601
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., Pavonia Ave, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA, www.sname.org.
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I St N.W.,
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Washington, DC 20001-3710, USA, www.standardmethods.org.
Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http:// Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,
www.access.gpo.gov. WA 98607-8542, http://www.ul.com.
F2363/F2363M − 17 (2023)
equipment for use in hazardous (classified) locations 3.1.17 process water, n—seawater or other liquid added to
UL 1309 Marine shipboard cables the treatment process.
3.1.18 residual chlorine—see chlorine.
3. Terminology
3.1.19 retention tank, n—auxiliary tank, pressure vessel,
3.1 Definitions:
container, reservoir, or similar component for storing liquids,
3.1.1 blackwater—see sewage.
solids, or gasses used or capable of being used during the
3.1.2 chlorine, n—residual disinfectant or byproducts asso-
treatment process.
ciated with the use of chlorine or its compounds.
3.1.20 sewage, n—(1) drainage and other wastes from any
3.1.3 coliform, n—thermotolerant coliform bacteria which
form of toilets and urinals; (2) drainage from medical premises
produce gas from lactose in 48 h at 44.5°C [112.1°F].
(for example, dispensary, sick bay, etc.) by means of wash
3.1.4 cruise ship, n—ship, including submersible craft, car-
basins, wash tubs, and scuppers located in such premises; (3)
rying at least one passenger for hire for whom consideration is
drainage from spaces containing living animals; or (4) other
contributed as a condition of carriage, whether directly or
wastewater when mixed with the drainages defined above.
indirectly flowing to the owner, charterer, operator, agent, or
3.1.21 ship, n—every description of watercraft, other than a
any other person having an interest.
seaplane on the water, used or capable of being used as a means
3.1.5 deleterious effect, n—cracking, softening,
of transportation in water.
deterioration, displacement, breakage, leakage, or damage of
3.1.21.1 Discussion—The terms ship and vessel are inter-
components or materials that affects the operation or safety of
changeable and synonymous.
a treatment system.
3.1.22 thermotolerant coliform—see coliform.
3.1.6 dilution, Q , n—process water added to the treatment
d
3.1.23 tonnage, n—a function of the moulded volume of
system.
enclosed spaces on the ship, gross or net, as indicated on the
3.1.7 discharge, n—spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring,
ship’s international tonnage certificate.
emitting, emptying, or dumping, however caused.
3.1.24 wastestream—see wastewater.
3.1.8 effluent, Q , n—liquid containing sewage, graywater,
e
3.1.25 wastewater, n—liquid containing sewage, graywater,
or other wastes, whether treated or untreated, flowing out of the
or other similar wastes, including flushwater.
treatment system or holding tank usually to be discharged.
3.1.25.1 Discussion—Wastes do not include industrial
3.1.9 flushwater, n—transport medium used to carry sewage
wastes, such as from fixed or floating platforms engaged in
or other wastes from toilets or urinals to the treatment system.
exploration, exploitation, and associated offshore processing of
seabed mineral resources.
3.1.10 geometric mean, n—the nth root of the product of n
numbers.
3.1.26 vessel—see ship.
3.1.11 graywater, n—(1) drainage from galley sink and
4. Classification
dishwater drains; (2) drainage from laundry facilities; or (3)
NOTE 1—Concentration limit for solids is ≤10 % of calculated TSS. See
drainage from bath, shower, and washbasin drains.
11.15.1.
3.1.12 holding tank, n—tank for collecting or storing of
4.1 Type I marine sanitation device is a flow-through
sewage or graywater, whether treated or untreated, having
sewage treatment system certified by the U.S. Coast Guard for
suitable design, construction, fittings, and coatings for the
installation on a U.S. flagged vessel ≤19.7 m [65 ft] in length
intended purpose as designated by the certifying body.
and designed to meet the requirements in 33 CFR Part 159.
3.1.12.1 Discussion—The terms sludge tank, bioreactor
This treatment system is typically a small device that is
tank, collection tank, receiving tank, and flow equalization tank
designed to be used for processing, treating, and discharging
are synonymous with holding tank, but for a different purpose.
sewage “on demand” following each individual use. In the
3.1.13 influent, Q , n—liquid containing sewage, graywater,
i
United States, vessels are able to discharge through this device
or other wastes, whether treated or untreated, flowing into the
while operating within three nautical miles (nm) of land,
treatment system or holding tank.
except where otherwise prohibited.
3.1.14 international voyage, n—voyage from a port or place
4.2 Type II-A marine sanitation device is a flow-through
in one country to a port or place outside such country, or
sewage treatment system certified by the U.S. Coast Guard for
conversely.
installation on a U.S. flagged vessel of any length to meet the
3.1.15 operational, adj—(1) quality of performance or qual-
requirements in 33 CFR Part 159. For U.S. flagged vessels that
ity of effluent, a treatment system that continually processes,
engage in international voyages, Type II-A devices fitted with
treats, and discharges wastewater to the applicable treatment
holding tank for the temporary storage of treated sewage meet
standard, or is ready to do so following an individual use; (2)
the requirements of regulation 9.1.2 of MARPOL Annex IV as
functional area, a description of the ship’s route, duration of
a sewage comminuting and disinfecting system. This treatment
voyage, and distance from nearest land; (3) daily routine, a
system is typically a large device that is designed to be used for
schedule of events, meal times, and work hours for the ship’s
processing, treating, and discharging sewage continuously
crew.
between individual uses. In the United States, vessels are able
3.1.16 passenger ship—see cruise ship. to discharge through this device while operating within 3 nm of
F2363/F2363M − 17 (2023)
A
TABLE 1 Treatment Standards by Type of System
Coliform, TSS, BOD , COD, Chlorine, Total
5 B
Type pH Total Nitrogent
CFU/100 mL mg/L mg/L mg/L µg/L Phosphorus
I #1000 (see Note 1) { { { { { {
II-A #200 #150 { { { { { {
C D
II-B #100 #35 #25 #125 <500 6−8.5 20 Q /Q 1.0 Q /Q
i e i e
II-C #20 #30 #30 { #10 6−9 { {
III { { { { { { { {
A
Amounts presented in this table are for comparison purposes only. For detailed requirements, consult the regulatory standard cited in 4.1 through 4.6, as appropriate.
B
Total nitrogen means the sum of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (organic and ammoniacal nitrogen), nitrate-nitrogen, and nitrite-nitrogen.
C
Or at least 70 % reduction in relation to the load of the influent.
D
Or at least 80 % reduction in relation to the load of the influent.
land, except where otherwise prohibited. However, while factors, to meet the requirements of regulation 9.1.3 of MAR-
operating on an international voyage, such discharges are at a POL Annex IV. Discharges are similar to Type III-A.
distance of >3 nm from nearest land.
5. Ordering Information
4.3 Type II-B sewage treatment plant is a flow-through
5.1 General:
treatment system of a type approved by the flag Administration
5.1.1 Purchaser shall provide treatment system manufac-
for installation on a ship engaged in international voyages of
turer with all pertinent acquisition requirements, including
400 gross tonnage (GT) and above, and ships of <400 GT
items shown in 5.2.
which are certified to carry >15 persons, to meet the require-
ments of regulation 9.1.1 of MARPOL Annex IV as amended
5.2 Acquisition Requirements:
by MEPC.227(64). Such a sewage treatment plant installed on
5.2.1 Title, number, and date of this specification.
a passenger ship is additionally type approved to meet the
5.2.2 Type of treatment system (for example, Type II-B)
requirements of regulation 9.2.1 of MARPOL Annex IV when
from Section 4.
operating in a Special Area designated by MARPOL Annex IV.
5.2.3 Whether treatment system is designed to process or
This treatment system is typically a large device that is
retain sewage or graywater, or combined sewage and graywa-
designed to be used for processing, treating, and discharging
ter.
sewage or graywater, or both, continuously between individual
5.2.4 Maximum number of persons, including non-crew
uses. While on an international voyage, vessels are able to
members.
discharge through this treatment system while operating within
5.2.5 Design Sizing Requirements:
3 nm of land, except where otherwise prohibited.
5.2.5.1 Hydraulic loading for both graywater and sewage in
accordance with Table 2, including method of collection,
4.4 Type II-C advanced wastewater treatment system are
whether gravity or vacuum feed.
Type II-B sewage treatment plants that are designed to treat a
5.2.5.2 When specifying growth margin, it is important to
combined sewage and graywater influent to a more stringent
consider the potential for increases in the number of crew and
standard for installation on a cruise ship authorized to carry
passengers over the life of the ship.
≥500 passengers operating in certain Alaskan waters to meet
the requirements Subpart E to 33 CFR 159.301 et seq. Cruise
NOTE 2—If vacuum collection is used for graywater, then design
ships are able to discharge through this treatment system while
generation rate is expected to be the same as for gravity collected
graywater.
operating in certain Alaskan waters.
5.2.6 Organic loading for both graywater and sewage in
4.5 Type III-A marine sanitation device certified by the U.S.
accordance with Table 3.
Coast Guard for installation on a U.S. flagged vessel of any
5.2.7 Thermal loading for both graywater and sewage influ-
length designed to prevent the overboard discharge of treated
ent temperature taking into account management of variations
or untreated sewage to meet the requirements in 33 CFR Part
in influent temperature.
159. Typically this holding tank is used solely for the storage
of wastewater (for example, sewage, graywater, flushwater) at
ambient air pressure and temperatures. In the United States,
TABLE 2 Hydraulic Loading Design Flow per Capita by Collection
vessels are able to discharge from a holding tank while
Method
operating outside of 3 nm of land, except where otherwise
Sewage, Graywater,
prohibited. However, while operating on an international
Collection
L/day L/day
voyage, such discharges occur at a distance of >12 nm from Method
[gal/day] [gal/day]
nearest land and while the vessel is en route proceeding at ≥4
Gravity 23 – 125 34 – 189
kts.
[6 – 33] [9 – 50]
Vacuum,
4.6 Type III-B sewage holding tank constructed to the
with urinals 2.3 – 13 (see Note 2)
satisfaction of the flag Administration and having capacity for [0.6 – 3.3]
the retention of all sewage, with visual means to indicate the
without urinals 4.2 – 23 (see Note 2)
amount of its contents, taking into account the operation of the
[1.1 – 6.1]
ship, the number of persons on board, and other relevant
F2363/F2363M − 17 (2023)
TABLE 3 Organic Loading Design Rate per Capita by Influent
6.1.3 Manufacturer should develop a list of specific sub-
TSS, BOD , stances considered in the design of a particular treatment
Influent kg/day kg/day
system.
[lb/day] [lb/day]
6.1.4 Dissimilar metals shall not be used in intimate contact
Sewage 0.044 – 0.073 0.016 – 0.035
with each other unless protected against galvanic corrosion.
[0.096 – 0.161] [0.036 – 0.078]
6.1.5 Treatment system shall not be damaged nor shall
Graywater 0.033 – 0.061 0.118 – 0.156
subsequent operational performance be degraded:
[0.072 – 0.134] [0.259 – 0.343]
6.1.5.1 As a result of exposure to salt fog in accordance with
Practice B117; and
6.1.5.2 When in a non-operating state, such as when secured
5.2.7.1 Consideration should include the addition of a tem-
for winter layup.
perature or flow equalization tank, or other means to adjust
6.1.6 Components, such as valves, fittings, pumps, and
temperature.
motors shall be of corrosion resistant material suitable for the
5.2.8 Treatment system start-up and stabilization periods.
intended service and shall be standard items such as those
5.2.9 Space, weight, and service restrictions, if any.
complying with ASME B16.34, Practice F1030 and Specifica-
5.2.10 Doorway, hatch, and compartment dimensions, in-
tions A307, A563, F992, F993, F998, F1098, F1122, F1298,
cluding clearance restrictions for access to parts for service.
F1387, F1510, and F1511, which are easy to maintain and
5.2.11 Operational profile of ship.
replace.
5.2.12 Additional control requirements.
6.1.7 Component design shall be compatible with treatment
5.2.13 Any additional requirements as required by pur-
system materials.
chaser to meet special needs.
6.1.8 Metallic holding and retention tanks shall be provided
5.2.14 Level of operator interfacing as determined by pur-
with cathodic protection, or by insulation of the galvanic
chaser consistent with ship operational and maintenance pro-
coupling, to minimize corrosion due to galvanic reactions.
cedures.
6.1.9 Fasteners shall be of corrosion resistant material.
5.2.15 Supplementary requirements, if any, from Section
6.2 Design for Human Interface and Safety:
S1.
6.2.1 Practice F1166 shall be used for the design,
6. Materials and Manufacture construction, and layout of the treatment system, controls,
displays, equipment, and labels.
6.1 Material Deterioration, Prevention, and Control:
6.2.1.1 Warning and operating labels shall be affixed to
6.1.1 Treatment system shall be fabricated from compatible
treatment system where necessary in accordance with Practice
materials, inherently corrosion resistant or treated to provide
F1166.
protection against corrosion and deterioration for the service
6.2.2 All rotating or moving parts with the potential to cause
life of the treatment system from the following:
injury shall be guarded to avoid accidental contact.
6.1.1.1 Internal exposure to wastestreams, chemicals, and
6.2.3 Equipment requiring routine maintenance shall be
other substances commonly found in treatment systems or as
easily accessible.
part of the treatment process; and
6.1.1.2 External exposure to petroleum products, cleaning 6.3 Features:
compounds, and other substances commonly used on ships in 6.3.1 Vents—Vents shall be designed and constructed to
the compartment where a treatment system will be installed. minimize clogging by either contents of holding and retention
6.1.2 A listing of common substances that a treatment tanks or climatic conditions such as snow or ice.
system may be exposed to is provided in Table 4. 6.3.2 Baffles—Baffles in holding and retention tanks, if any,
shall have openings to allow contents to flow freely across the
top and bottom of the tank.
A
TABLE 4 Common Substances by Exposure Type
6.3.3 Level Indicator—Holding and retention tanks, if any,
B B
Substance Internal External
shall have a means of indicating tank level that complies with
Sewage, graywater, flushwater X X
incl intermediate process fluids, vapors Specification F2044.
Toilet bowl cleaners, pipe scale X X
6.3.4 Chemical Level Indicator—If the treatment system
prevention chemicals
uses one or more chemicals for its effective operation, then the
incl bleach, citric acid tablets, acid-
based & biological substances system shall be fitted with one of the following:
Disinfectants X X
6.3.4.1 means of indicating the amount of the chemical in
incl solid, liquid or gas, in quantity
the retention and holding tanks; or
specified by manufacturer
Fuel oils or other fuels X 6.3.4.2 Means of indicating when chemicals need to be
incl diesel fuel, marine fuel oil
added to the retention and holding tanks for the proper
Lubricating oils X
continued operation of the treatment system.
incl synthetic & petroleum-based oils
Cleaning agents X
6.3.5 Independent Support—Treatment system shall have
incl mineral spirits, methyl alcohol,
provisions for support that are independent from connecting
petroleum-based solvents
pipes.
A
Substance list may vary by treatment system type, ship type, etc.
B 6.3.5.1 Piping shall not be used to support the treatment
“X” indicates the listed substance is common.
system or its major components.
F2363/F2363M − 17 (2023)
6.3.6 Backflow Prevention—Treatment system shall be pro- 6.4 Piping:
tected from backflow of wastewater through supply and
6.4.1 Piping shall be compatible with treatment system
discharge piping.
materials.
6.3.6.1 Manufacturer may specify in the installation instruc-
6.4.2 Piping selection and application shall be in accordance
tions backflow prevention requirements as part of ship’s
with Practice F1155.
piping.
6.4.3 Pipe bends, if any, shall have minimum 3:1 bend
6.3.6.2 Where pressurized backflow is not possible, atmo-
radius to diameter.
spheric type vacuum breaker conforming to ANSI/ASSE 1001
6.4.4 Inlet and outlet connections shall be in accordance
shall be used.
with ASME B16.1, B16.5, or B16.11, or ASME B16.24 or
6.3.6.3 Treatment system using ship supplied potable water
equivalent ISO or DIN standards.
shall be fitted with a reduced pressure principle sanitary
6.4.5 Piping shall be clamped to prevent damage or unin-
backflow preventer conforming to ANSI/ASSE 1013 in order
tended discharge due to stress or vibration.
to protect the ship’s potable water from cross-contamination.
6.4.6 If copper-nickel alloy piping is used, then it shall meet
6.3.7 Sampling Ports—Treatment system shall provide for
the requirements in Specification B165.
manually collecting representative samples of influent and
6.4.7 If alternate materials are used other than those listed in
effluent without opening tanks, voids, or vents.
Practice F1155, then the manufacturer shall obtain buyer
6.3.7.1 Ports shall be located in: (1) influent line, or receiv-
approval for use.
ing and collection tank, for sampling influent; and (2) effluent
line immediately downstream of treatment system for sampling
6.5 Electrical:
effluent.
6.5.1 Components and Installation:
6.3.7.2 Manufacturer may specify in installation instruc-
6.5.1.1 Interior electrical equipment and enclosures for
tions additional sampling port requirements as part of ship
treatment system used in a machinery space, a location
piping.
normally exposed to splashing, or another space with similar
6.3.7.3 If a sludge collection tank or discharge line is
moisture levels shall be at least IEC 60529 IP 44 or an
included in the treatment system design, then a sampling port
appropriate ANSI/NEMA 250 Type for the intended service.
is required.
6.5.1.2 Exterior electrical equipment and enclosures for
6.3.7.4 For biological treatment systems, provisions shall be
treatment system exposed to weather, water washdown, or
made on the bioreactor tank for assessing the condition of the
similar moisture conditions shall be at least IEC 60529 IP 65 or
biomass.
ANSI/NEMA 250 Type 4 or Type 4X.
6.3.8 Removal Fittings—Standard discharge fittings, if pro-
6.5.1.3 Electrical equipment and installations shall be suit-
vided with treatment system, shall be in accordance with Table
able for roll, pitch, and vibration of a ship while underway.
5.
6.5.1.4 Electrical equipment for treatment system, including
6.3.8.1 Flange in Table 5 is designed to accept pipes up to a
maximum internal diameter of 100 mm [3.9 in] and shall be of switches, fuses, lamp holders, etc., shall be suitable for the
voltage and current utilized.
steel or other equivalent material having a flat face. This flange,
together with a gasket, shall be suitable for a service pressure
6.5.1.5 Electrical equipment and circuits for treatment sys-
of 6 kg/cm [85.3 psi].
tem shall be clearly marked and identified on wiring diagram in
6.3.8.2 For ships having a molded depth ≤5 m [16.4 ft], the
15.3.1.4 and 15.5.1.14.
inner diameter of the discharge connection may be 38 mm [1.5
6.5.1.6 Any cabinet, panel, box, or other enclosure contain-
in.].
ing more than one source of power shall be fitted with a sign
6.3.8.3 For ships in dedicated trades, that is, passenger
warning persons of this condition and identifying the circuits to
ferries, alternatively the ship discharge pipeline may be fitted
be disconnected.
with a discharge connection which can be accepted by the flag
6.5.1.7 Electrical equipment exposed to corrosive environ-
Administration, such as quick connection couplings.
ments shall be corrosion resistant and of suitable construction.
6.5.1.8 Electrical equipment shall be protected from acci-
dental contact by personnel operating or routinely servicing the
equipment.
TABLE 5 Standard Dimensions for Flanges for Discharge
6.5.2 Control Systems and Conductors:
Connections
6.5.2.1 Wiring for treatment system shall be rated for the
Description Dimension
maximum operating temperature to which it has the potential to
Outside diameter 210 mm [8.3 in.]
be exposed.
Inner diameter According to pipe outside diameter
Bolt circle diameter 170 mm [6.7 in.] 6.5.2.2 All control wiring between components shall have
Slots in flange 4 holes 18 mm [0.7 in.] in diameter equidistantly
stranded copper conductors of ≥No. 18 AWG or shall have
placed; on a bolt circle of the above diameter,
stranded copper conductors with a current-carrying capacity of
slotted to the flange periphery. The slot width to
be 18 mm [0.7 in.] ≥125 % of the expected current. Communications and radio
Flange thickness 16 mm [0.6 in.]
frequency (RF) cables, such as USB, ribbon, coaxial, telephone
Bolts and nuts, quantity 4, each of 16 mm [0.6 in.] in diameter and of
twisted-pairs, Ethernet, or similar cables do not have to meet
and diameter suitable length
this requirement.
F2363/F2363M − 17 (2023)
6.5.2.3 Internal wiring of cabinets or enclosures shall be of accordance with Article 430 of NFPA 70 or equivalent standard
NEC or equivalent type insulated wires suitable for at least dry as determined by the certifying body.
and damp locations. 6.5.3.6 Motor controllers shall have a power rating in
6.5.2.4 Internal wiring within enclosure or cabinet shall
accordance with Part IV of Article 430 of NFPA 70 or
terminate on terminal blocks when connection to external equivalent standard as determined by the certifying body.
wiring is necessary.
6.5.3.7 Motors shall be provided with motor running pro-
6.5.2.5 When individual insulated wires are used, rather
tection in accordance with Part IV of Article 430 of NFPA 70
than cable, outside cabinets or enclosures on systems of >50 V,
or equivalent standard as determined by the certifying body.
wires shall be in conduit.
6.5.3.8 Thermal protection of the motor shall be in accor-
6.5.2.6 Cables shall be secured with metallic band strapping
dance with Part III of Article 430 of NFPA 70 or equivalent
such that they remain tight without damage to armor or
standard as determined by the certifying body.
insulation.
6.5.3.9 Conductors of a motor remote control, interlock, and
6.5.2.7 Metallic band strapping used for cable support shall
indicator circuits shall be protected against overcurrent in
be fabricated from steel and corrosion treated if not of a
accordance with Part VI of Article 430 of NFPA 70 or
corrosion-resistant material.
equivalent standard as determined by the certifying body.
6.5.2.8 Cable supports for all horizontal runs shall prevent
6.5.3.10 Motors shall be provided with terminal leads or
undue sag.
terminal screws in terminal boxes integral with or secured to
6.5.2.9 Cable retention devices shall be installed on vertical
the motor frame.
and horizontal runs, as applicable.
6.5.3.11 Motor terminal housing shall be in accordance with
6.5.2.10 Power cables and external control cables shall meet
Article 430 of NFPA 70 or equivalent standard as determined
construction and testing standards of IEEE 1580, UL 1309,
by the certifying body.
IEC 60092-350, or IEC 60092-353 with amendment 1.
6.5.4 Pumps:
6.5.2.11 When a Type metal-clad (MC) cable is used it shall
6.5.4.1 Pumps, if fitted to a treatment system, shall be in
be a continuous corrugated metal-clad cable.
accordance with Specifications F998 or F1510 or equivalent
6.5.2.12 Portable cables or flexible cords may be used for
standard as determined by the certifying body.
external connections of moving parts or where frequent inter-
6.5.4.2 Positive displacement pumps, if any, shall have a
change or disconnection is necessary due to calibration or
relief valve to direct flow back to the tank from which the
maintenance of field connected devices.
pump takes suction. Piping to pump inlet is prohibited.
6.5.2.13 Overcurrent protection shall be in accordance with
6.5.4.3 Positive displacement pumps having rubber stators
Article 240 of NFPA 70 or equivalent standard as determined
shall be fitted with run dry protection.
by the certifying body.
6.6 Hazardous Locations:
6.5.2.14 Electrical equipment in spaces containing machin-
ery powered by, or fuel tanks containing, gasoline or other 6.6.1 Components to be installed in hazardous location shall
fuels having a flashpoint of ≤43.3°C [110°F] shall be be certified as being:
explosion-proof or ignition-protected or be part of an intrinsi- 6.6.1.1 Intrinsically safe in accordance with UL 913, ANSI/
cally safe system. ISA 60079-11, or IEC 60079-11;
6.5.3 Motors: 6.6.1.2 Explosion proof in accordance with UL 1203, ANSI/
6.5.3.1 Motors shall be rated to operate at 50.0°C [122°F] ISA 60079-1, or IEC 60079-1 for Class I, Group D hazardous
ambient air temperature, unless it can be shown that a 40.0°C locations; or
[104°F] or 45.0°C [113°F] ambient temperature will not be
6.6.1.3 Other equivalent standards as determined by the
exceeded. certifying body.
6.5.3.2 Motors shall be constructed with a minimum of
6.7 Power Interruption:
Class F insulation in accordance with IEC 60085 or ANSI/
6.7.1 Treatment system control and motor control circuit
NEMA MG 1.
shall provide low voltage release (LVR) feature to ensure
6.5.3.3 Motors exposed to splashing or spraying oil or water
automatic restarting of the system and system motor occurs
shall be at least IEC 60529 IP 44 or an equivalent ANSI/
after a momentary loss of power during operation.
NEMA 250 type for the service intended.
6.8 Accessibility:
6.5.3.4 Motors shall be provided with a corrosion resistant
6.8.1 Treatment system shall be constructed and arranged so
nameplate specifying: (1) manufacture’s name; (2) rated horse-
that major system assemblies, attachments, and any non-hull
power; (3) rated voltage and full-load current; (4) rated
integrated holding or retention tanks are accessible for
frequency and number of phases; (5) rated RPM; (6) rated
maintenance, repair, or replacement without requiring removal
temperature; (7) the Code letter; and (8) thermal protection, if
of major assemblies or attachments.
used. For IEC motors, manufacturer shall certify the rated
temperature by signed letter or other equivalent means. 6.8.2 Access to any filter membranes, electrodes, or other
6.5.3.5 Motor branch circuits, motor feeder conductors and treatment system components that require scheduled
their protection, motor overload protection, motor control maintenance, repair, or replacement shall be provided without
circuits, motor controllers, and motor control centers shall be in the need to remove major system components.
F2363/F2363M − 17 (2023)
6.9 Dilution: 7.6.2 Treatment system shall be fabricated to prevent unin-
6.9.1 Dilution shall not be a substitute for the treatment tentional escape of gases and liquids under rolling conditions.
process.
7.7 Hydrostatic Integrity:
7.7.1 Holding and retention tanks, if any, designed to
7. Performance Requirements
operate under pressure shall be capable of withstanding a
7.1 General:
pressure head of 2.13 m [7 ft] or 150 % of the maximum
7.1.1 Treatment system shall process or retain sewage or
pressure specified by the manufacturer, whichever is greater, in
graywater, or combined sewage and graywater, in the manner
accordance with 11.7.
for which it is designed and shall be tested in accordance with
7.8 Chemical Resistance:
the procedures in Section 11 to verify it meets the performance
7.8.1 Materials used in fabrication of treatment system shall
requirements in this section and the required treatment stan-
be compatible, with no evidence of deleterious effect, for both
dards in Section 4.
internal and external exposure over the service life of the
7.1.2 Exceptions—Type III-A and Type III-B holding tanks
only retain and do not process wastewater therefore are not treatment system, to common substances listed in Table 4, or to
specific substances identified by treatment system manufac-
subject to wastewater processing or operational tilt perfor-
mance requirements in this section or test procedures in turer.
Section 11. 7.8.2 Test facility shall examine the bill of materials pro-
vided by treatment system manufacturer for compatibility in
7.2 Temperature and Humidity:
accordance with 7.8.1. Any material that, in the view of the test
7.2.1 Treatment system, while empty and in a non-operating
facility, may not be compatible shall be tested in accordance
state, shall be capable of withstanding without any deleterious
with 11.8.
effect conditions of:
7.2.1.1 Ambient air pressure;
7.9 Wastewater Processing:
7.2.1.2 Ambient temperature from 5.0 to 50.0°C [41 to
7.9.1 Treatment system, except Type III holding tank, shall
122°F]; and
be capable of processing sewage or graywater, or both, in
7.2.1.3 Relative humidity from 5 to 95 % non-condensing.
accordance with 11.10 through 11.20.
7.2.2 Treatment system shall be capable of operating and
7.10 Tilt or List:
processing water under conditions of:
7.10.1 Treatment system, except Type III holding tank, shall
7.2.2.1 Ambient air pressure;
be capable of processing sewage or graywater, or both while
7.2.2.2 Ambient temperature from 5.0 to 50.0°C [41 to
operating under conditions of tilt or list at an angle 22.5° or the
122°F];
maximum angle specified by the manufacturer, whichever is
7.2.2.3 Relative humidity from 5 to 95 % non-condensing;
greater, in accordance with 11.21.
and
7.2.2.4 Either: (1) a controlled range of influent temperature
7.11 Discharged Vapor and Gas:
as specified by manufacturer and accepted by the certifying
7.11.1 Treatment system shall be capable of being vented to
body; or (2) for systems that do not control for potential
the atmosphere or provided with a means to prevent an
variations in influent temperature, an influent temperature
explosion or over-pressurization as a result of an accumulation
range varying from 2 to 40°C [35.6 to 104.0°F].
of gases.
7.2.3 Refer to test procedures in 11.2 and 11.9.
7.11.2 Treatment system vents shall be designed and con-
structed to minimize clogging caused by tank contents,
7.3 Salt Fog:
seawater, or other similar conditions.
7.3.1 Treatment system shall withstand without any delete-
rious effect exposure to salt fog mist for 48 h in accordance
7.12 Control and Operation:
with 11.3.
7.12.1 Treatment system shall be fully automatic and shall
7.4 Vibration:
be fitted with a control system that automatically performs the
7.4.1 Treatment system shall withstand without any delete-
following functions:
rious effect sinusoidal vibration for a period of 2 h at the
7.12.1.1 Monitors and controls operation;
resonant frequency of the system or at 30 Hz with an
7.12.1.2 Activates alarms;
acceleration of 60.7 g [22.5 ft/s ] in accordance with 11.4.
7.12.1.3 Acquires system data;
7.5 Shock: 7.12.1.4 Provides visual display of system data; and
7.5.1 Treatment system shall withstand without any delete-
7.12.1.5 Precludes operation that are harmful to the crew.
rious effect vertical shocks ten times the force of gravity (10 g)
7.12.2 Control system shall interface with ship control
2 2
[98.07 m/s , 321.7 ft/s ] in accordance with 11.5.
system to provide remote monitoring and condition assess-
ment.
7.6 Rolling:
7.12.3 Treatment system shall have visual and audible
7.6.1 Treatment system shall withstand without any delete-
rious effect rolling to 15° on any side of the vertical plane alarms to alert the crew of escaping vapors, gases, or liquids.
during 80 % of the test in 11.6 and to 22.5° or the maximum 7.12.4 In the event of failure, treatment system machinery,
angle specified by the manufacturer, whichever is greater, for sub-systems, equipment, and fixtures shall automatically fail to
20 % of the test in 11.6. a safe mode.
F2363/F2363M − 17 (2023)
7.13 Accessibility: 9.3 Environmental tests (for example, shock, vibration, etc.)
7.13.1 Treatment system shall be accessible for are followed by wastewater processing tests for treatment
maintenance, repair, or replacement, without requiring removal systems that process sewage or graywater, or both, where
of major assemblies or attachments, including for access to any samples of effluent are collected and analyzed to determine the
filter membranes, electrodes, or other treatment system com- composition and quality meets the requirements in Section 4.
ponents.
10. Hazards
8. Number of Tests and Retests
10.1 Safety:
10.1.1 Treatment system shall present no uncontrolled
8.1 General:
safety or health hazard to operating or maintenance personnel
8.1.1 For each discrete model number of treatment system
during operation or when secured.
to be tested, manufacturer shall provide test facility:
10.1.2 Treatment system shall safely hold and transfer all
8.1.1.1 one production-quality treatment system; and
malodors, gases, smoke, and toxic substances, including col-
8.1.1.2 samples of each material from which the treatment
lected wastewater, minimizing risk of contamination or expo-
system is constructed, as required by 7.8.2.
sure to operating or maintenance personnel.
8.2 Equivalency:
10.1.3 Leaks shall be minimized using overflow alarms
8.2.1 Alternative testing procedures equivalent to the re-
intra-system, drain funnels under sampling points, and self-
quirements in Section 12 may be considered for approval on a
closing valves at the sampling points.
case-by-case basis by the certifying body when a treatment
10.1.4 Any fluid transfer subsystem shall prevent splatter,
system is not able to be tested due to size (for example, very
spillage, or other loss of liquids from any treatment system
large or very small) or other unique design factors.
component during operation or when secured.
8.2.2 See 11.1.3 for alternatives to temperature, humidity,
...