83.140.01 - Rubber and plastics products in general
ICS 83.140.01 Details
Rubber and plastics products in general
Gummi- und Kunststoffprodukte im allgemeinen
Produits en élastomeres ou en matieres plastiques en général
Izdelki iz gume in polimernih materialov na splošno
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 83.140.01 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Rubber and plastics products in general". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 254 standards classified under ICS 83.140.01 (Rubber and plastics products in general). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document provides characteristics and typical values for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer's defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in the Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for polystyrene (PS) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of relevant properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for polypropylene (PP) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document is the general part of the series that describes the designation system for plastic recyclates.
This document is dealing with recyclates after the recycling operation and prior to converting and compounding (when applicable). It is dealing with preparation of samples and determination of properties.
NOTE 1 This document supports the underlaying standards of this series that, per polymer type, provide an overview of the relevant characteristics and typical values for recyclates for use in certain application groups (product families) in combination with the relevant converting technologies.
NOTE 2 The overview of the relevant properties is based on and further extends the relevant properties given in EN ISO 10350 1.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for polyethylene (PE) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer's defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies recommendations for the design of polymeric products used in road vehicles to facilitate separation and recycling after shredding.
This document is not applicable to dismantling of road vehicles and removal of parts and components.
This document is not applicable to elastomers.
- Technical specification20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for polystyrene (PS) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of relevant properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for polyethylene (PE) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer's defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for polypropylene (PP) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer's defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in the Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies recommendations for the design of polymeric products used in road vehicles to facilitate separation and recycling after shredding.
This document is not applicable to dismantling of road vehicles and removal of parts and components.
This document is not applicable to elastomers.
- Technical specification20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document is the general part of the series that describes the designation system for plastic recyclates.
This document is dealing with recyclates after the recycling operation and prior to converting and compounding (when applicable). It is dealing with preparation of samples and determination of properties.
NOTE 1 This document supports the underlaying standards of this series that, per polymer type, provide an overview of the relevant characteristics and typical values for recyclates for use in certain application groups (product families) in combination with the relevant converting technologies.
NOTE 2 The overview of the relevant properties is based on and further extends the relevant properties given in EN ISO 10350 1.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides characteristics and typical values for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) recyclates intended for groups of defined applications (the product families).
The characteristics and typical values for the different product families are derived from the performance requirements of the products belonging to that family, including requirements for product manufacturing processes where applicable.
This document applies to plastic recyclates intended to be used for the manufacturing of (intermediate) products.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with part 1 of this standard series, which describes the designation system for plastic recyclates. The designation system allows comparison between recycled and virgin material at the level of the polymer’s defined designatory properties.
NOTE 1 Examples of designations of plastic recyclates are given in Annex A.
NOTE 2 The selection of properties for a product family is based on EN ISO 10350 1, extended with specific properties related to plastic recyclates.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document has been developed to ensure transparency regarding the input stream for
recycling and to assist all plastic industry stakeholders in the development of new and improved
standards for plastic recycling.
The aim of this report is to present the current state of the debate on how to distinguish waste
materials that are suitable for the production of plastic recyclates from those that cannot be used
for recycling
- Technical report17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document has been developed to ensure transparency regarding the input stream for
recycling and to assist all plastic industry stakeholders in the development of new and improved
standards for plastic recycling.
The aim of this report is to present the current state of the debate on how to distinguish waste
materials that are suitable for the production of plastic recyclates from those that cannot be used
for recycling
- Technical report17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Compression tests provide information about the compressive properties of plastic lumber and shapes when these products are used under conditions approximating those under which the tests are made. In the case of some materials, there will be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material specification before using this test method. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.
4.2 Compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, secant modulus, compressive strength, and stress at a given strain. In the case of a material that fails in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength has a very definite value. In the case of a material that does not fail in compression by a shattering fracture nor exhibits a compressive yield point, the compressive strength is an arbitrary one depending upon the degree of distortion that is regarded as indicating complete failure. Many plastic lumber materials will not exhibit a true yield point. Compressive strength can have no real meaning in such cases. For plastic lumber, the stress at a given strain of 3 % (0.03 in./in. (mm/mm)) is typically used.
4.3 Compression tests provide a standard method of obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes. The tests cannot be considered significant for engineering design in applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test. Such applications require additional tests such as impact, creep, and fatigue.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of plastic lumber and shapes, when the entire cross-section is loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens in the “as-manufactured” form are employed. As such, this is a test method for evaluating the properties of plastic lumber or shapes as a product and not a material property test method.
Note 1: This test method was developed for application to plastic lumber materials, but it is generic enough that it would be equally applicable to other plastic composite materials, including wood-plastic composite materials.
1.2 Plastic lumber and plastic shapes are currently made predominantly with recycled plastics. However, this test method would also be applicable to similar manufactured plastic products made from virgin resins, or where the product is non-homogenous in the cross-section.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Heat buildup in PVC exterior building products due to absorption of the energy from the sun may lead to distortion problems. Heat buildup is affected by the color, emittance, absorptance, and reflectance of a product. Generally, the darker the color of the product, the more energy is absorbed and the greater is the heat buildup. However, even with the same apparent color, the heat buildup may vary due to the specific pigment system involved. The greatest heat buildup generally occurs in the color black containing carbon black pigment. The black control sample used in this test method contains 2.5 parts of furnace black per 100 parts of PVC suspension resin. The maximum temperature rise above ambient temperature for this black is 90°F (50°C) for a 45° or horizontal surface when the sun is perpendicular to the surface and 74°F (41°C) for a vertical surface assuming that the measurements were done on a cloudless day with no wind and heavy insulation on the back of the specimen.4
5.2 This test method allows the measurement of the temperature rise under a specific type heat lamp, relative to that of a black reference surface, thus predicting the heat buildup due to the sun's energy.
5.3 The test method allows prediction of heat buildup of various colors or pigment systems, or both.
5.4 This test method gives a relative heat buildup compared to black under certain defined severe conditions but does not predict actual application temperatures of the product. These will also depend on air temperature, incident angle of the sun, clouds, wind velocity, insulation, installation behind glass, etc.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers prediction of the heat buildup in rigid and flexible PVC building products above ambient air temperature, relative to black, which occurs due to absorption of the sun's energy.
Note 1: This test method is expected to be applicable to all types of colored plastics. The responsible subcommittee intends to broaden the scope beyond PVC when data on other materials is submitted for review.
Note 2: There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject matter of this test method.
1.2 Rigid PVC exterior profile extrusions for assembled windows and doors are covered in Specification D4726.
1.3 Rigid PVC exterior profiles for fencing are covered in Specification F964.
1.4 Rigid PVC siding profiles are covered in Specification D3679.
1.5 Rigid PVC soffit profiles are covered in Specification D4477.
1.6 Rigid PVC and Rigid CPVC plastic building products compounds are covered in Specification D4216.
1.7 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.
1.8 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety hazard statements are given in Section 7.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The specific gravity or density of a solid is a property that can be measured conveniently to follow physical changes in a sample, to indicate degree of uniformity among different sampling units or specimens, or to indicate the average density of a large item.
5.2 It is possible that variations in density of a particular plastic lumber or shapes specimen will be due to changes in crystallinity, loss of plasticizer/solvent content, differences in degree of foaming, or to other causes. It is possible that portions of a sample will differ in density because of difference in crystallinity, thermal history, porosity, and composition (types or proportions of resin, plasticizer, pigment, or filler).
Note 3: Reference is made to Test Method D1622/D1622M.
5.3 Density is useful for calculating strength to weight and cost to weight ratios.
5.4 If the cross-sectional area of the specimen is required for future testing on a particular sample, it is acceptable to determine it from a specific gravity measurement, see Eq 4.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bulk density and specific gravity of plastic lumber and shapes in their “as manufactured” form. As such, this is a test method for evaluating the properties of plastic lumber or shapes as a product and not a material property test method.
1.2 This test method is suitable for determining the bulk specific gravity or bulk density by immersion of the entire item or a representative cross section in water. This test method involves the weighing of a one piece specimen in water, using a sinker with plastics that are lighter than water. This test method is suitable for products that are wet by, but otherwise not affected by water for the duration of the test.
Note 1: This test method was developed for application to plastic lumber materials, but it is generic enough that it would be equally applicable to other plastic composite materials, including wood-plastic composite materials.
1.3 Plastic lumber and plastic shapes are currently made predominately from recycled plastics. However, this test method would also be applicable to similar manufactured plastic products made from virgin resins where the product is non-homogeneous in the cross-section.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Flexural properties determined by these test methods are especially useful for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes.
5.2 Specimen depth, temperature, atmospheric conditions, and the difference in rate of straining specified in Test Methods A and B are capable of influencing flexural property results.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are suitable for determining the flexural properties for any solid or hollow manufactured plastic lumber product of square, rectangular, round, or other geometric cross section that shows viscoelastic behavior. The test specimens are whole “as manufactured” pieces without any altering or machining of surfaces beyond cutting to length. As such, this is a test method for evaluating the properties of plastic lumber as a product and not a material property test method. Flexural strength cannot be determined for those products that do not break or that do not fail in the extreme outer fiber.
Note 1: This test method was developed for application to plastic lumber materials, but it is generic enough that it would be equally applicable to other plastic composite materials, including wood-plastic composite materials.
1.2 Test Method A, designed principally for products in the flat or “plank” position.
1.3 Test Method B, designed principally for those products in the edgewise or “joist” position.
1.4 Plastic lumber currently is produced using several different plastic manufacturing processes. These processes utilize a number of diverse plastic resin material systems that include fillers, fiber reinforcements, and other chemical additives. The test methods are applicable to plastic lumber products where the plastic resin is the continuous phase, regardless of its manufacturing process, type or weight percentage of plastic resin utilized, type or weight percentage of fillers utilized, type or weight percentage of reinforcements utilized, and type or weight percentage of other chemical additives.
1.4.1 Alternative to a single resin material system, diverse and multiple combinations of both virgin and recycled thermoplastic material systems are permitted in the manufacture of plastic lumber products.
1.4.2 Diverse types and combinations of inorganic and organic filler systems are permitted in the manufacturing of plastic lumber products. Inorganic fillers include such materials as talc, mica, silica, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, and so forth. Organic fillers include lignocellulosic materials made or derived from wood, wood flour, flax shive, rice hulls, wheat straw, and combinations thereof.
1.4.3 Fiber reinforcements used in plastic lumber include manufactured materials such as fiberglass (chopped or continuous), carbon, aramid and other polymerics; or lignocellulosic-based fibers such as flax, jute, kenaf, and hemp.
1.4.4 A wide variety of chemical additives are added to plastic lumber formulations to serve numerous different purposes. Examples include colorants, chemical foaming agents, ultraviolet stabilizers, flame retardants, lubricants, anti-static products, biocides, heat stabilizers, and coupling agents
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of...
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- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method does not purport to interpret the data generated.
4.2 This test method is intended to compare slow-crack-growth (SCG) resistance for a limited set of HDPE resins.
4.3 This test method may be used on virgin HDPE resin compression-molded into a plaque or on extruded HDPE corrugated pipe that is chopped and compression-molded into a plaque (see 7.1.1 for details).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the susceptibility of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) resins or corrugated pipe to slow-crack-growth under a constant ligament-stress in an accelerating environment. This test method is intended to apply only to HDPE of a limited melt index (0.947 g/cm3 to 0.955 g/cm3). This test method may be applicable for other materials, but data are not available for other materials at this time.
1.2 This test method measures the failure time associated with a given test specimen at a constant, specified, ligament-stress level.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600, unless otherwise specified.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Data from creep and creep-rupture tests are necessary to predict the creep modulus and strength of materials under long-term loads and to predict dimensional changes that have the potential to occur as a result of such loads.
5.2 Data from these test methods can be used to characterize plastic lumber: for comparison purposes, for the design of fabricated parts, to determine long-term performance under constant load, and under certain conditions, for specification purposes.
5.3 For many products, it is possible that there will be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that product specification before using this test method. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the creep and creep-rupture properties of plastic lumber and shapes, when loaded in compression or flexure under specified environmental conditions. Test specimens in the “as-manufactured” form are employed. As such, these are test methods for evaluating the properties of plastic lumber or shapes as a product and not material property test methods.
1.2 Plastic lumber and plastic shapes are currently made predominantly with recycled plastics. However, this test method would also be applicable to similar manufactured plastic products made from virgin resins where the product is non-homogenous in the cross-section.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions using a very small amount of material. Since small test specimen geometries are used, it is essential that the specimens be representative of the material being tested. The data obtained can be used for quality control and/or research and development purposes. For some classes of materials, such as thermosets, it can also be used to establish optimum processing conditions.
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive means for determining thermomechanical characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta of a material versus these variables can be used to provide a graphic representation indicative of functional properties, effectiveness of cure (thermosetting-resin systems), and damping behavior under specified conditions.
5.2.1 Observed data are specific to experimental conditions. Reporting in full (as described in this test method) the conditions under which the data was obtained is essential to assist users with interpreting the data an reconciling apparent or perceived discrepancies.
5.3 This test method can be used to assess the following:
5.3.1 The modulus as a function of temperature or aging, or both,
5.3.2 The modulus as a function of frequency,
5.3.3 The effects of processing treatment, including orientation, induced stress, and degradation of physical and chemical structure,
5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cure and damping,
5.3.5 The effects of substrate types and orientation (fabrication) on elastic modulus,
5.3.6 The effects of formulation additives that might affect processability or performance,
5.3.7 The effects of annealing on modulus and glass transition temperature,
5.3.8 The effect of aspect ratio on the modulus of fiber reinforcements, and
5.3.9 The effect of fillers, additives ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method outlines the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for determining and reporting the viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular bars molded directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The elastic modulus data generated is used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastics material or composition.
1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining the viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of plastics using nonresonant, forced-vibration techniques as outlined in Practice D4065. In particular, this method identifies the procedures used to measure properties using what is known as a dual-cantilever beam flexure arrangement. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus, loss (viscous) modulus, and complex modulus, and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material systems.
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 Hz to 100 Hz.
1.4 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization...
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The ability of a plastic material to resist deterioration of its electrical, mechanical, and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of daylight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena, such as, atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.
4.2 Caution—Variations in results are possible when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all references to the use of this practice must be accompanied by a report prepared in accordance with Section 9 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.
Note 2: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory-accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.
4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.6,7 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. It is preferable that the number of specimens of the control material be the same as that used for test materials. It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results.
4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G155. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salts or other d...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for xenon-arc exposure of plastics conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G155. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions best suited for plastics, and the evaluation of test results.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This practice and ISO 4892-2 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements, test methods, materials, and marking for polypropylene (PP), open bottom, buried chambers of corrugated wall construction used for collection, detention, and retention of stormwater runoff. Applications include commercial, residential, agricultural, and highway drainage, including installation under parking lots and roadways. Chambers are produced in arch shapes with dimensions based on chamber rise, chamber span, and wall stiffness. They are manufactured with integral feet that provide base support. They may include perforations to enhance water flow and must meet test requirements for arch stiffness, flattening, and accelerated weathering. The successful performance of the product depends upon the type and depth of bedding and backfill, and care in installation. This specification includes requirements for the manufacturer to provide chamber installation instructions to the purchaser.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements, test methods, materials, and marking for polypropylene (PP), open bottom, buried chambers of corrugated wall construction used for collection, detention, and retention of stormwater runoff. Applications include commercial, residential, agricultural, and highway drainage, including installation under parking lots and roadways.
1.2 Chambers are produced in arch shapes with dimensions based on chamber rise, chamber span, and wall stiffness. Chambers are manufactured with integral feet that provide base support. Chambers may include perforations to enhance water flow. Chambers must meet test requirements for arch stiffness, flattening, and accelerated weathering.
1.3 Analysis and experience have shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the type and depth of bedding and backfill, and care in installation. This specification includes requirements for the manufacturer to provide chamber installation instructions to the purchaser.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address water quality issues or hydraulic performance requirements associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that appropriate engineering analysis is performed to evaluate the water quality issues and hydraulic performance requirements for each installation.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The resistance of plastic lumber and shapes to direct withdrawal of nails, staples, or screws is a measure of its ability to hold or be held to an adjoining object by means of such fasteners. Factors that affect this withdrawal resistance include the physical and mechanical properties of the plastic lumber and shapes; the size, shape, and surface condition of the fasteners; the speed of withdrawal; physical changes to plastic lumber and shapes or fasteners between time of driving and time of withdrawal; orientation of fiber axis; the occurrence and nature of prebored lead holes; and the temperatures during insertion and withdrawal. These factors will be as circumstances dictate, and representative of the normal manufacturing process.
6.2 By using a standard size and type of nail, staple, or screw, withdrawal resistance of plastic lumber and shapes can be determined. Throughout the method this is referred to as the basic withdrawal test. Similarly, comparative performances of different sizes or types of nail, staple, or screw can be determined by using a standard procedure with a particular plastic lumber and shape, which eliminates the plastic lumber and shapes product as a variable. Since differences in test methods can have considerable influence on results, it is important that a standard procedure be specified and adhered to, if test values are to be related to other test results.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of fastener use with “as manufactured” plastic lumber and shapes through the use of two different testing procedures.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Sections
Test Method A—Nail, Staple, or Screw Withdrawal Test
4 to 13
Test Method B—Nail, Staple, or Screw Lateral Resistance Test
14 to 22
1.3 Plastic lumber and plastic shapes are currently made predominately from recycled plastics. However, these test methods would also be applicable to similar manufactured plastic products made from virgin resins where the product is non-homogeneous in the cross-section.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for finished parts machined from unplasticized polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) homopolymers containing regrind and recycled polymer intended for general commercial use. This specification does not cover parts machined from PCTFE copolymers, PCTFE films or tapes, or modified PCTFE containing pigments or plasticizers. Nor does it cover PCTFE parts used in aerospace applications involving storage and handling of oxygen media, air media, inert media, and certain reactive media (specifically ammonia, gaseous hydrogen, and liquid hydrogen), wherein dimensional stability, high molecular weight, molecular weight retention, and crystallinity control are important considerations. Materials shall be tested on and conform accordingly to the following properties: specific gravity; melting point; deformation under load; zero strength time (ZST); annealing performance; and dimensional stability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is intended to be a means of calling out finished machined parts ready for general use.
1.2 This specification establishes requirements for parts machined from polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) semifinished parts.
1.3 For aerospace grade, machined PCTFE parts, use Specification D7194.
Note 1: Quick-quenched PCTFE will potentially exhibit dimensional relaxation in the vicinity of Tg = 55°C (131°F).
Note 2: Although no recommendations are made regarding the limiting upper use temperature of PCTFE, the heat deflection temperature of PCTFE as determined by Test Method D648 is 126°C (259°F).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 3: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification defines procedures for determining the performance of certain landfill daily cover materials such as sprayed slurries, foams, and indigenous materials generally described as an alternative daily cover (ADC) for municipal solid waste landfills. It is not applicable to other types of landfills and to geosynthetics used as an ADC. It addresses the evaluation of an ADC and its ability to control fires and odors and whether or not the cover contains materials that present a threat to human health and the environment. Materials shall be tested at accredited laboratories to determine the physical properties such as potential for fire production, water vapor permeance, toxicity, and leaching potential. The control of disease vectors and blowing litter shall be evaluated by observation while scavenging shall be controlled by security procedures and other operating practices.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines procedures for determining the performance of certain landfill daily cover materials generally described as an alternative daily cover (ADC). This specification applies only to slurries or foams that are spray applied, or indigenous materials that are placed onto the working face of a municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) unit as a cover. It is not applicable to other types of landfills nor geosynthetics used as an ADC.
1.2 This standard addresses the evaluation of an ADC and its ability to control fires and odors and whether or not the cover contains materials that present a threat to human health and the environment. The control of disease vectors and blowing litter can be evaluated by observation, and scavenging is controlled by security procedures and other operating practices.
1.3 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated regulations under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Subtitle D, which establish criteria for municipal solid waste landfills (MSWLF). These regulations became effective October 9, 1991. The cover material requirements of these regulations are set forth in 40 Code of Federal Regulations, Section 258.21 as follows:
(a) “Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the owners or operators of all MSWLF units must cover disposed solid waste with 6 in. (152.4 mm) of earthen material at the end of each operating day, or at more frequent intervals if necessary, to control disease vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and scavenging.”
(b) “Alternative materials of an alternative thickness (other than at least 6 in. (152.4 mm) of earthen material) may be approved by the Director of the Solid Waste Regulatory Agency of an approved State if the owner or operator demonstrates that the alternative material and thickness control disease vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and scavenging without presenting a threat to human health and the environment.”
1.3.1 These federal regulations have the force of the law, and it is the purpose of this specification to define the test procedures necessary to comply with these regulations.
1.3.2 In order for a MSWLF landfill operator to obtain approval for use of an ADC, the operator must supply performance data to the state Solid Waste Regulatory Agency. In general, the technique used to obtain this permission involves applying to the state Solid Waste Regulatory agency for a sanitary MSWLF operating permit modification.
Note 1: Manufacturers will provide performance data for their product.
1.3.3 Parties interested in the evaluation technology described in the Standard Practice should include MSWLF operators, engineering firms, local, state, and federal Solid Waste Regulatory Agencies, and manufacturers and vendors of ADC materials.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does ...
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SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers polyamide materials suitable for molding and extrusion. Some of these compositions are also suitable for application from solution.
1.2 The properties included in this classification system are those required to identify the compositions covered. Other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are to be specified by using suffixes as given in Section 5.
1.3 This classification system and subsequent line callout (specification) are intended to provide a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection can be made by those having expertise in the plastic field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this classification system.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this classification system. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This classification system is similar to ISO 16396-1/-2,
although the technical content is significantly different.
Note 2: The materials covered by this classification system include a subset of polyamides defined as polyphthalamides (PPA) as in 3.2.1, some of which are also classified in ASTM D5336. Specifically, groups 7, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 17 in this standard are PPA materials. ASTM D5336 gives further details relating to groups 10, 12 and 13.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a type of plastic lumber product, defined as polyethylene-based structural-grade plastic lumber (SGPL), for use as main framing members, including joists, stringers, beams, columns; and secondary framing members, including planking, posts and bracing; in outdoor structures such as decks, boardwalks, docks, and platforms.
1.2 This specification is applicable to solid, rectangular SGPL products where polyethylene resin (non cross-linked) is the continuous phase and is at least 50 % of the product (by weight).
1.3 This specification is not applicable to plastic lumber products containing cellulosic materials as additives, fillers or fiber reinforcements.
1.4 SGPL products covered by this specification shall not be used as tensile members.
1.5 SGPL products are produced using several different manufacturing processes. These processes utilize a number of polyethylene resin material systems that include varying proportions of fillers, fiber reinforcements, and other chemical additives.
1.6 Due to thermodynamic effects that result in outer-surface densification during manufacture, SGPL products are typically non-homogeneous in the cross-section. This standard does not address materials that have been modified from their original cross-section.
1.6.1 The cross-section non-homogeneity is addressed in the material property assessments in this document only for applications in which the product cross-section is not modified by cutting, notching, or drilling. For products modified in this manner, additional engineering considerations are required and they are beyond the scope of this document.
1.7 For purposes of this standard, an SGPL product is a specific combination of polyethylene resin, together with fillers, reinforcements, and additives. Each formulation is to be identified as a distinct and different product, to be tested and evaluated separately.
1.8 Diverse and multiple combinations of both virgin and recycled polyethylene material systems are permitted in the manufacture of SGPL products.
1.9 Fiber reinforcements used in SGPL include manufactured materials such as fiberglass (chopped or continuous), carbon, aramid and other polymeric materials.
1.10 A wide variety of chemical additives are typically added to SGPL formulations. Examples include colorants, chemical foaming agents, ultraviolet stabilizers, fire retardants, lubricants, anti-static products, heat stabilizers, and coupling agents.
1.11 Diverse types and combinations of filler systems are permitted in the manufacturing of SGPL products. Fillers that cause the product to fail the requirements of 6.13 are not permitted in the manufacturing of SGPL products.
1.12 In order for a product to be classified as SGPL, it must meet the minimum stress and modulus criteria consistent with the specific product as marked, and additionally the properties specified in Section 6 of this specification.
1.13 This specification pertains to SGPL where any reinforcement is uniformly distributed within the product. When reinforcement is not uniformly distributed, the engineering issues become substantially more complex. For this reason, such products are not covered in this document.
1.14 Products that fail at strains of less than 0.02 (2 %) when tested in flexure in accordance with 6.6 are not compatible with the underlying assumptions of Annex A1 and are beyond the scope of this standard (see Note 1).
Note 1: Calculation of time-dependent properties in Annex A1 is based on the assumption that the product does not fail in a brittle manner. The 2 % strain limit was selected based on the judgment of the task group members that created Annex A1.
1.15 This specification addresses issues relevant to a buyer’s requirements for SGPL products and has therefore been developed in the format of a procurement specification.
1.16 Criteria for design are included as part of this specification for SGPL product...
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This document specifies the following geometrical tolerances for moulded and extruded solid rubber products, including those with metal inserts: - flatness tolerance; - parallelism tolerance; - perpendicularity tolerance; - coaxiality tolerance; - positional tolerance. The tolerances are primarily intended for use with vulcanized rubber but can also be suitable for products made of thermoplastic rubbers.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The compressive properties obtained by axial compression will provide information such as: modulus of elasticity, stress at proportional limit and compressive strength for the end support, and lateral bracing condition tested.
5.2 This test method addresses only full-sized specimens for determination of compressive strength and compressive modulus of elasticity intended for application to actual length members with end conditions and lateral bracing as intended.
Note 1: The effective length of the column with respect to buckling is affected by the end conditions. A fixed end condition results in an effective length for buckling that is less than the actual length of the column, by as much as 50 %.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of vertical members in axial compression for “full-sized” specimens with various end conditions with constant cross-sections throughout the length.
1.2 This test method is limited to reinforced plastic and polymer matrix composite materials and covers the determination of the compressive properties of structural members. The method is intended primarily for members of rectangular cross section, but is also applicable to irregularly shaped studs, round posts, or special sections.
1.3 This test method covers short-term axial load testing under standard indoor atmospheric conditions. It does not address: sampling, the ability of the material to carry a sustained long-term load, design load derivations, temperature effects, performance under freeze/thaw or salt spray exposure conditions, chemical/UV exposure effects, or engineering analysis/modeling needed to extrapolate the results to conditions other than those tested. Each of these factors, and potentially others, need to be considered by the design professional or product standard development committee before using the information generated by this test method to assess structural adequacy.
1.4 Short sections are not covered in this test method and should be tested using a material test standard such as Test Method D6108 or Test Methods D198.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document establishes a system of designation for processed unfilled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) products, which can occur in several forms.
The PTFE used to make the semi-finished product is described in ISO 20568-1. The PTFE used to make the semi-finished product are virgin, reprocessed or recycled resin. The addition of up to 1,5 % by mass of pigment or colorant can be used.
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This document specifies the preparation of test specimens and gives the test methods applicable to semi-finished products of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The impact strength of PVC profiles relates to suitability for service and to quality of processing. Impact tests are used for quality-control purposes and as an indication that products can withstand handling during assembling, installation, or in service.
5.2 Results obtained by use of this test method are used in two ways:
5.2.1 As the basis for establishing impact-test requirements in product standards, and
5.2.2 To measure the effect of changes in materials or processing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the energy required to crack or break rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) profile under specified conditions of impact by means of a falling weight.
1.2 This test method is used either by itself or in conjunction with other methods for measuring PVC product toughness.
1.3 Because of the wide variety of profile sizes and shapes and the wide variety of manufacturing procedures and field abuse, this test method does not correlate universally with all types of abuse. Therefore, correlations must be established as needed.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Resin Identification Codes are used solely to identify the plastic resin used in a manufactured article. The intended manufactured articles include, but are not limited to, packaging.
4.1.1 Fig. 1 and Table 1 present the appropriate information on the way the RIC is to be incorporated onto the product and the available resin identification designations.
FIG. 1 Example of a Resin Identification Marker
4.2 Resin Identification Codes are not “recycle codes.” The Resin Identification Code is, though, an aid to recycling. The use of a Resin Identification Code on a manufactured plastic article does not imply that the article is recycled or that there are systems in place to effectively process the article for reclamation or re-use. The term “recyclable” or other environmental claims shall not be placed in proximity to the Code.
4.3 This practice is based upon the system developed in 1988 by the Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc (SPI). It is possible that some states or countries will have incorporated the original SPI practice into statute or regulation. In those situations, that statute or regulation takes precedence over this standard.
4.4 This practice shall only apply to new tooling. Existing molds that already incorporate older versions of the SPI RIC may be modified, but modification is not required.
4.5 Assign number for manufactured items, not for adhesives or coatings. Do not code labels for resin of the label.
4.6 Section 6 addresses the process to add new numbers to the Resin Identification Code.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice stipulates the types, names, and sizes of Codes for those material types specified in Table 1.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are likely not to be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems is likely to result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies the controlled loop and the definition of those material transformation steps which are relevant for product quality, in particular recycling input and output and profile manufacturing input and output.
Traceability tools are specified to characterize this loop as a controlled loop.
This document references existing quality and test methodologies for recycled PVC to be used in PVC-U profiles for windows and doors.
This document establishes the controlled loop treatment of PVC profiles in line with the general understanding of life cycles as outlined in EN 15804.
NOTE 1 With regard to PVC waste treatment, the present document relates to existing standards EN 15343, EN 15346 and EN 15347.
NOTE 2 With regard to semifinished and/or finished products, it refers to the European Standard PVC-U window profiles (see EN 12608-1) and to the European Standards for windows and doors (see EN 14351-1, EN 14351-2 and EN 16034).
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements and test methods for the material, dimensions, workmanship, and the properties of extruded sheet, rod and tubular bar manufactured from unfilled PVDF.
1.2 This specification covers the requirements and test methods for the material, dimensions, workmanship, and the properties of extruded and compression molded shapes manufactured from unfilled PVDF.
1.3 The properties included in this specification are those required for shapes made from PVDF polymers. Requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics of the shape are included in Section 5.
1.4 This specification allows for the use of up to 20 % process regrind and reprocessed plastic, total, and of uncontaminated quality.
1.5 The values stated in English Units are to be regarded as the standard in all property and dimensional tables. For reference purposes, SI units are also included.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method or test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies the preparation of test specimens and gives the test methods applicable to semi-finished products of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes a system of designation for processed unfilled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) products, which can occur in several forms.
The PTFE used to make the semi-finished product is described in ISO 20568-1. The PTFE used to make the semi-finished product are virgin, reprocessed or recycled resin. The addition of up to 1,5 % by mass of pigment or colorant can be used.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document establishes a system of designation for processed unfilled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) products, which can occur in several forms. The PTFE used to make the semi-finished product is described in ISO 20568-1. The PTFE used to make the semi-finished product are virgin, reprocessed or recycled resin. The addition of up to 1,5 % by mass of pigment or colorant can be used.
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This document specifies the preparation of test specimens and gives the test methods applicable to semi-finished products of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Nitroxide radicals (H-Tempo, O-Tempo (4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl), etc.) are widely used as inhibitors of thermopolymerization in the processes of transportation, storage, and separation of monomers (isoprene, butadiene, styrene, etc.). This test method provides a procedure for assaying nitroxide radicals in monomers.
4.2 This procedure can be used for determination of the content of nitroxide radicals (H-Tempo, O-Tempo, etc.) in other solvents (dimethyl formamide, DMSO etc.).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed to determine the content of nitroxide radical 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (H-Tempo) in butadiene, isoprene, and styrene.
1.2 This test method is applicable to samples with nitroxide radical 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (H-Tempo) with concentrations to 100 mg⁄kg. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.47 mg/kg for nitroxide radical 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (H-Tempo) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) is 1.6 mg/kg nitroxide radical 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (H-Tempo).
1.3 The following applies for the purposes of determining the conformance of the test results using this test method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded of in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The flame height and color (indicative of air-to-gas ratio) for a test flame have traditionally been specified in the individual test method. The energy content of the flame has also been addressed by reference to a specific supply gas. It has been determined that the supply-gas back pressure and flow rate can be varied without affecting the height and color of the flame. However, the energy content of the flame is affected. This practice provides the back pressure and flow rate of the supply gas for a 20-mm (50-W) and a 125-mm (500-W) test flame, and a procedure for confirming the heat-evolution profile of the test flame.
5.2 Information is provided for test flames using methane, propane, or butane. Using this information, these supply gases have the capability to be used interchangeably with a standardized burner to produce essentially the same test flame.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the confirmation of test flames for small-scale burning tests on plastic materials using the laboratory burner described in Specification D5025. Back pressures and flow rates for methane, propane, and butane supply gases are given for specific test flames. This practice describes a procedure to confirm the heat evolution of the test flame.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
Note 1: There is no similar ISO standard. This practice is equivalent in technical content to, but not fully corresponding in presentation with, the confirmatory procedures of IEC/TS 60695-11-3, Method A and IEC/TS 60695-11-4, Method A.
1.4 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The purpose of this test is not to fully identify and characterize a polymer, but to identify a variety of basic parameters needed to predetermine the usefulness of the polymer in formulations as well as for Quality Control purposes.
3.2 A statement of precision and accuracy is not appropriate in this case.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover test procedures for emulsion polymers that are used in water-based floor polishes. The term “emulsion polymers” is used primarily to denote those materials produced by regular emulsion polymerization techniques, but may be extended to those polymers that are subsequently emulsified or dispersed after polymerization. Unless otherwise noted, the tests may be used for any polymer or copolymer systems. The methods appear in the following order:
Section
Sampling
4
Total Solids
5
pH Value
6
Apparent Viscosity
7
Sediment
8
Storage Stability
9
Freeze-thaw Stability
10
Specific Gravity
11
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 O2GTR at a given temperature and %RH is an important determinant of the packaging protection afforded by barrier materials. It is not, however the sole determinant, and additional tests, based on experience, must be used to correlate packaging performance with O2GTR. It is suitable as a referee method of testing, provided that purchaser and seller have agreed on sampling procedures, standardization procedures, test conditions and acceptance criteria.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the rate of transmission of oxygen gas, at steady-state, at a given temperature and %RH level, through film, sheeting, laminates, co-extrusions, or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. This test method extends the common practice dealing with zero humidity or, at best, an assumed humidity. Humidity plays an important role in the oxygen gas transmission rate (O2GTR) of many materials. This test method provides for the determination of oxygen gas transmission rate (O2GTR), the permeance of the film to oxygen gas (PO2), the permeation coefficient of the film to its thickness (P”O2), and oxygen permeability coefficient (PʹO2) in the case of homogeneous materials at given temperature and %RH level(s).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This classification covers polyoxymethylene materials suitable for molding and extrusion. This specification allows for the use of polyoxymethylene plastic materials that are recycled, reconstituted, recycled-regrind, recovered, or reprocessed, or combination thereof, provided that the requirements as stated in this specification are met. Test specimens shall be molded by injection molding and all test pieces shall be tested as molded and conditioned in the standard laboratory atmosphere. The mechanical properties of the unreinforced and reinforced, filled, or lubricated polyoxymethylene materials shall be determined and shall conform to the following requirements: flow rate; melting point; tensile strength; tensile modulus; Charpy impact resistance; and deflection temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers polyoxymethylene materials suitable for molding and extrusion. This classification system allows for the use of polyoxymethylene plastic materials that are recycled, reconstituted, recycled-regrind, recovered, or reprocessed, or combination thereof, provided that the requirements as stated in this specification are met. It is the responsibility of the supplier and the buyer of recycled, reconstituted, recycled-regrind, recovered, or reprocessed polyoxymethylene plastic materials, or combination thereof, to ensure compliance. (See Guide D7209).
1.2 The properties included in this standard are those required to identify the compositions covered. Other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are to be specified by using suffixes as given in Section 5.
1.3 This classification system and subsequent line callout (specification) are intended to provide a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection can be made by those having expertise in the plastic field only after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this standard.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this classification system. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This classification system is similar to ISO 29988-1/-2, although the technical content is significantly different.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies fundamental radiographic techniques with film, which enable repeatable results to be obtained economically.
This document applies to the X-ray radiographic examination of heated tool, electrofusion, extrusion and hot gas joints in plastics materials.
It applies to joints in solid wall pipes and plates with a range of thicknesses from 5 mm to 100 mm. It only applies to pipes containing air or other gases at the time of X-ray testing.
This document does not specify acceptance levels of the indications.
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