F17 - Plastic Piping Systems

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements, test methods, and methods of marking for chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) plastic hot- and cold-water distribution system components made in one standard dimension ratio and intended for water service up to a certain temperature. These components comprise pipe and tubing, socket-type fittings, street fittings, plastic-to-metal transition fittings, solvent cements, and adhesives. The components are intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems. The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. CPVC 4120 pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be classified by a single standard dimension ratio which shall be SDR 11, by a certain maximum continuous use temperature and by a certain diameter range for nominal pipe or tubing. CPVC plastic-to-metal transition fittings intended for use up a certain temperature are classified on the basis of resistance to failure by thermocycling. The chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) plastics are categorized by two criteria: basic short-term properties and long-term hydrostatic strength. These short-term properties include mechanical strength, heat resistance, flammability, and chemical resistance which shall be determined after performing different tests. A test shall also be conducted in order to determine the long-term hydrostatic strength of CPVC 41 pipe, tubing, and fittings.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements, test methods, assembly, and methods of marking for chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) plastic hot- and cold-water distribution system components made in one standard dimension ratio and intended for water service up to and including 180 °F (82 °C). These components comprise pipe and tubing, socket-type fittings, street fittings, plastic-to-metal transition fittings, solvent cements, and adhesives. Requirements and methods of test are included for materials, workmanship, dimensions and tolerances, hydrostatic sustained pressure strength, and thermocycling resistance. The components covered by this specification are intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems.  
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with compressed air or other compressed gases some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.
Note 1: Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious safety hazards should a system fail for any reason.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 2: Suggested hydrostatic design stresses and hydrostatic pressure ratings for pipe, tubing, and fittings are listed in Appendix X1. Design and installation considerations are discussed in Appendix X2. An optional performance qualification and an in-plant quality control program are recommended in Appendix X3.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Sections 9 and 10, of this specificat...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride)(CPVC) Schedule 80 pipe fittings intended for use with Iron Pipe Size (IPS) outside-diameter plastic pipe. Materials shall be tested and shall conform to the requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, and burst pressure.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC) Schedule 80 pipe fittings. Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, and burst pressure.  
Note 1: The threaded CPVC fittings covered by this specification were covered previously in Specification F437.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers material requirements, workmanship, dimensions, and burst pressure for threaded schedule 80 chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC) plastic pipe fittings. Fittings fabricated by backwelding are not included in this specification. Fittings shall be homogeneous and free from defects. Dimensions of elbows, tees, crosses, couplings, plugs, and caps shall conform to the requirements of this specification. Requirements for test specimen conditioning, sampling, thread, burst pressure, and marking are included.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC) threaded Schedule 80 pipe fittings. Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, and burst pressure.  
Note 1: The CPVC fittings covered by this specification were covered previously in Specification D2464.  
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with compressed air or other compressed gases some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.
Note 2: Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious safety hazards should a system fail for any reason.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the qualification requirements and test methods for field-assembled anodeless riser kits for use with outside diameter controlled polyethylene gas distribution pipes and tubing in sizes of up to 2 IPS. The anodeless riser kits shall be manufactured in accordance with the specified materials, physical properties, and design, which include the riser casings, moisture seals, threads, bend radius, coatings, welding procedures, and riser adapter to riser casing connections. The riser adapter to riser casing connections shall tested by tensile pull testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for field-assembled anodeless riser kits for use with outside diameter controlled polyethylene and PA11 gas distribution pipe and tubing in sizes through 2 IPS as specified in Specification D2513 polyethylene and Specification F2945 for PA11.  
1.2 The test methods described are not intended to be routine quality control tests.  
1.3 This specification covers the types of field-assembled anodeless riser kits described in 3.3.2.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and not considered standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures), shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements and related test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, chemical resistance, and joint tightness of sewer and drain pipes made from either virgin or recycled poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound. This specification also covers four-inch perforated pipes, but the joint tightness test is not applicable for this product. The pipes shall also be tested and thereby conform accordingly to the requirements for flattening resistance, extrusion quality, impact strength and resistance, stiffness, solvent cement, and perforations.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pipe made from PVC compound that includes recycled PVC material. This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, chemical resistance, and joint tightness of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) sewer and drain pipe. Four-inch perforated pipe is also covered; the joint tightness test is not applicable for this product. A form of marking to indicate compliance with this specification is also included.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes, footnotes, and the Appendices (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful to measure the slow crack growth resistance of molded plaques of polyethylene materials at accelerated conditions such as 80 °C, 2.4 MPa stress, and with a sharp notch.  
5.2 The testing time or time to failure depends on the following test parameters: temperature; stress; notch depth; and specimen geometry. Increasing temperature, stress, and notch depth decrease the time to failure. Material parameters, not controlled by the laboratory, that could impact the test results (time to failure) are: pigment (color or carbon black) and the carrier resin for the pigment, or both. Thus, in reporting the test time or time to failure, all the conditions of the test shall be specified.  
Note 4: Time to failure can also be affected by the degree of pigment (color or carbon black) dispersion and distribution within the test specimen. Test Method D5596 and ISO 18553 provide methods for assessing the degree of dispersion and distribution of the pigment
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of polyethylene materials to slow crack growth under conditions specified within.
Note 1: This test method is known as PENT (Pennsylvania Notch Test) test.  
1.2 The standard test is performed at 80 °C and at 2.4 MPa, but it shall be acceptable to conduct tests at a temperature below 80 °C and with other stresses low enough to preclude ductile failure and thereby eventually induce brittle type of failure. The standard test is conducted in an air environment; however, it shall be acceptable to immerse test specimens in an alternate environment such as water or a water/detergent solution, or other liquid or a different environment such as an inert gas to evaluate slow crack growth performance in different environments. Generally, polyethylenes will ultimately fail in a brittle manner by slow crack growth at 80 °C if the stress is at or below 2.4 MPa
Note 2: When testing in environments other than air, it is recommended to consider maintaining the efficacy of the test media (for example, a detergent solution) to minimize any effect of aging.  
1.3 The test method is for specimens cut from compression molded plaques.2 See Appendix X1 for information relating to specimens from pipe.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe made in standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratios and pressure rated for water. Poly(vinyl chloride) plastics used to make pipe meeting the requirements of this specification are categorized in two criteria: short-term strength tests, and long-term strength tests. The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. The material shall conform to the required wall thickness, sustained pressure, burst pressure, flattening, extrusion quality, and impact resistance. It shall be subject to an accelerated regression test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe made in standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratios and pressure rated for water (see appendix). Included are criteria for classifying PVC plastic pipe materials and PVC plastic pipe, a system of nomenclature for PVC plastic pipe, and requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, sustained pressure, burst pressure, flattening, and extrusion quality. Methods of marking are also given.  
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with compressed air or other compressed gases, some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.
Note 1: Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious safety hazards should a system fail for any reason.
Note 2: This standard specifies dimensional, performance and test requirements for plumbing and fluid handling applications, but does not address venting of combustion gases.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in Note 9.
Note 3: CPVC plastic pipe (SDR-PR), which was formerly included in this specification, is now covered by Specification F442/F442M.  
Note 4: The sustained and burst pressure test requirements, and the pressure ratings in the appendix, are calculated from stress values obtained from tests made on pipe 4 in. (100 mm) and smaller. However, tests conducted on pipe as large as 24 in. (600 mm) in diameter have shown these stress values to be valid for larger diameter PVC pipe.  
Note 5: PVC pipe made to this specification is often belled for use as line pipe. For details of the solvent cement bell, see Specification D2672 and for details of belled elastomeric joints, see Specifications D3139 and D3212.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barrier...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers plastic insert fittings for polyethylene (PE) plastic pipe. The fittings shall be made from one of the following plastics: nylon plastics, propylene plastics, and poly(vinyl chloride) plastics. Dimensions and burst pressure for the fittings should meet the requirements specified. The fittings shall be homogeneous throughout and free of cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or other defects. The fittings shall be as uniform as commercially practicable in color, opacity, density, and other physical properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers plastic insert fittings for polyethylene (PE) plastic pipe, and also PVC insert fittings for PE to PVC pipe transitions. Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, and burst pressure.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4  The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions and tolerances, pipe stiffness, crush resistance, impact resistance, hydrostatic burst resistance, and solvent cement for poly(vinyl chloride) plastic drain, waste, and vent pipe and fittings. The pipe and fittings covered are suitable for the drainage and venting of sewage and certain other liquid wastes. A form of marking is also included. The pipe and fittings shall be made of virgin PVC compounds of defined specification. The pipe shall conform to the required stiffness, deflection load and flattening. The fittings shall be subject to hydrostatic burst pressure. The pipe and fittings shall be subject to impact resistance test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions and tolerances, pipe stiffness, crush resistance, impact resistance, and solvent cement for poly(vinyl chloride) plastic drain, waste, and vent pipe and fittings. A form of marking is also included. Plastic which does not meet the material requirements specified in Section 5 is excluded. Installation procedures are given in the Appendix.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coextruded poly(vinyl chloride) plastic pipe with a cellular core and concentric inner and outer solid layers. The pipe is produced using a multilayer coextrusion die for nonpressure use in three series: an IPS Schedule 40 series; a PS series with an iron pipe size outside diameter with varying wall thickness as required for pipe stiffness of 25, 50, and 100; and a sewer and drain series. The pipe shall comply with the minimum wall thickness, outside diameter, length, stiffness, flattening, impact strength, bond strength, and extrusion quality requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coextruded poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe with a cellular core and concentric inner and outer solid layers, and is produced using a multilayer coextrusion die for nonpressure use in three series: an IPS Schedule 40 series for DWV; a PS series with an iron pipe size (IPS) outside diameter with varying wall thickness as required for pipe stiffnesses of 25, 50, and 100 for communication conduit, and a sewer and drain series.  
1.2 The function of this specification is to provide standardization of product-technical data and serve as a purchasing guide.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. The notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
Note 1: All the pipe series covered by this specification are permitted to be perforated or belled for joining by solvent cement or belled for joining by an elastomeric seal (gasket). Because this pipe is OD controlled, the inside diameter will vary, and therefore, the pipe ID is not suitable for use as a socket. (For more information see Specification D2672.)
Note 2: This standard specifies dimensional, performance and test requirements for plumbing and fluid handling applications, but does not address venting of combustion gases.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 3: Specifications related to this specification are as follows: D2665, D2729, D3034, F512, F758, and F789.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is for use by designers and specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, contractors, and inspection organizations who are involved in rehabilitation of pressurized piping systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard is intended to establish the minimum criteria necessary for use of a mechanically mixed, blended, epoxy barrier coating (AWWA Class I) that is applied to the interior of 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) to 36 in. (914.4 mm) metallic pipe or tube used in pressurized piping systems for corrosion protection and to improve flow rates. There is no restriction as to the developed length of the piping system other than the method of application (“blow through”, spin cast or hand sprayed) and the characteristics of the epoxy coating being applied but the manufacturer’s engineer shall be consulted for any limitations associated with this product, process and its application for the end user.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice relies on a screening process using visual inspection followed by 80 °C sustained pressure testing to qualify a squeeze-off process.  
4.2 Squeeze-off is widely used to temporarily control the flow of gas in PE pipe. Squeeze tools vary in squeeze bar shape and size, operating method, and available stop gaps depending on the tool manufacturer and the size of the pipe the tool will be used on. Multiple squeeze tools are required for a range of pipe size and DR combinations. Squeeze-off procedures can vary depending on the tool design, pipe material, pipe size and DR, pipe operating conditions, and pipe environmental conditions.  
4.3 Experience indicates that damage leading to gas pipe failure is possible with some combinations of polyethylene material, pipe temperature, tool design, wall compression percentage, and procedure. This practice is useful for determining the suitability of a tool for squeeze-off and for determining acceptable limits for squeeze-off such as acceptable minimum and maximum pipe temperature for squeeze and acceptable line pressure for squeeze. Tests conducted at different pipe temperatures with various sizes of tools and pipes can be used to verify a range of temperatures, tool sizes, and pipe sizes for which the squeeze-off procedure is applicable.  
4.4 The area of wrinkling at the ears on the inside diameter (ID) of the pipe and the area on the outside of the pipe opposite the ears are examined. Evidence of any one or a combination of void formation, cracks or extensive localized stress whitening, or failure during sustained pressure testing disqualifies the squeeze-off process.  
4.5 Typical unacceptable features implying long-term damage are shown in Appendix X1 photographs.  
4.6 Studies of polyethylene pipe extruded in the late 1980s (PE2306 and PE3408) show that damage typically does not develop when the wall compression percentage is 30 % or less, when closure rates are 2 in./minute or less and release rates are...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers qualifying a combination of a squeeze tool, a polyethylene gas pipe, and a squeeze-off procedure to avoid long-term damage in polyethylene gas pipe. Qualifying is conducted by examining the inside and outside surfaces of pipe specimens at and near the squeeze to determine the existence of features indicative of long-term damage. If indicative features are absent, sustained pressure testing in accordance with Test Method D1598 is conducted to confirm the viability of the squeeze-off process.  
Note 1: This practice may be useful for evaluating the effects of squeeze-off of other piping materials. If applied to other piping materials, research testing to confirm the applicability of this practice to other materials should be conducted.
Note 2: Qualification of historic pipe should follow the historic version of F1734 closest to the pipe manufactured data.  
1.2 This practice is appropriate for any combination of squeeze tool, PE gas pipe, and squeeze-off procedure.  
1.3 This practice is for use by squeeze-tool manufacturers and gas utilities to qualify squeeze tools made in accordance with Test Method F1563; and squeeze-off procedures based on with Guide F1041 with pipe manufactured in accordance with Specification D2513.  
1.4 Governing codes and project specifications should be consulted. Nothing in this practice should be construed as recommending practices or systems at variance with governing codes and project specifications.  
1.5 Where applicable in this practice, “pipe” shall mean “pipe and tubing.”  
1.6 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standar...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, flattening resistance, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, extrusion quality, joining systems and a form of marking for type PSM poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) SDR 51 and SDR 64 sewer pipe and fittings. In the solvent cement joint, the pipe spigot wedges into the tapered socket and the surfaces fuse together. Joints made with pipe and fittings shall show no signs of leakage when tested. The pipe dimensions, fitting dimensions, pipe flattening, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, joint tightness, and extrusion quality shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, flattening resistance, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, extrusion quality, joining systems and a form of marking for type PSM poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) SDR 51 and SDR 64 sewer pipe and fittings.  
1.2 Pipe and fittings produced to this specification should be installed in accordance with Practice D2321.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, stiffness factor, extrusion quality, and test procedures for extruded poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) profile strips used for machine-made field fabrication of spirally wound pipe liners in the rehabilitation of a variety of existing pipelines and conduits including sanitary sewers, storm water sewers, process flow piping, and non-circular pipelines (such as arched or oval shapes and rectangular shapes) under gravity flow conditions. Certification, packaging, and product marking for quality assurance are also considered.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
9.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide extruded PVC profile strip suitable for the field fabrication of spirally wound liner pipe for the rehabilitation of existing pipelines and conduits conveying sewage, process flow, and storm water under gravity flowconditions.
Note 3: Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with the specific approval of the cognizant code authority since chemicals not commonly found in drains and sewers and temperatures in excess of 140 °F (60 °C) may be encountered.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, stiffness factor, extrusion quality, and a form of marking for extruded poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) profile strips used for machine made field fabrication of spirally wound pipe liners in the rehabilitation of a variety of gravity applications such as sanitary sewers, storm sewers, and process piping in diameters of 6 to 180 in. and for similar sizes of non-circular pipelines such as arched or oval shapes and rectangular shapes.  
1.2 Profile strip produced to this specification is for use in field fabrication of spirally wound liner pipes in nonpressure sewer and conduit rehabilitation, where the spirally wound liner pipe is expanded until it presses against the interior surface of the existing sewer or conduit, or, alternatively, where the spirally wound liner pipe is inserted as a fixed diameter into the existing sewer or conduit and the annular space between the liner pipe and the existing sewer or conduit is grouted.  
1.3 This specification includes extruded profile strips made only from materials specified in 5.1.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the performance requirements of CPVC pipe, fittings and solvent cements used in chemical waste drainage systems.  
1.2 A system is made up of pipe, fittings and solvent cement that meet the requirements of this standard.
Note 1: Consult the manufacturer’s chemical resistance recommendations for chemical waste drainage applications prior to use.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes and appendices that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The pressure tests described in this standard are laboratory hydrostatic tests that are intended to verify joint/system integrity. They are not intended for use as field tests of installed systems.  
1.5 Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with compressed air or other compressed gases, no such testing shall be done unless the component manufacturer gives approval in writing.
Note 2: Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy, which present serious safety hazards should a system fail for any reason.  
1.6 Mechanical joints used for joining pipe and fittings of different materials are provided for in this specification. They include common flanges, couplings, and unions.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 3: This specification specifies dimensional, performance, and test requirements for fluid handling applications but does not address venting of combustion gases.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, flattening, buckling, tensile strength of seam, joint systems, perforations, and markings for steel reinforced thermoplastic pipe and fittings. The steel reinforced, spirally formed thermoplastic pipes are intended for use in underground applications where soil provides support for their flexible walls. These pipes will be used for gravity flow and non-pressure applications, such as storm sewers, sanitary sewers, industrial waste applications and drainage pipes. The pipe dimensions, pipe stiffness, flattening, impact resistance, tensile strength of seam, and joint tightness shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, flattening, buckling, tensile strength of seam, joint systems, perforations, and markings for steel reinforced thermoplastic pipe and fittings of nominal sizes 8 in. [200 mm] through 120 in. [3000 mm]. The steel reinforced, spirally formed thermoplastic pipes governed by this standard are intended for use in underground applications where soil provides support for their flexible walls. These pipes will be used for gravity flow and non-pressure applications, such as storm sewers, sanitary sewers, industrial waste applications and drainage pipes.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, ring stiffness, flattening, joint systems, and a form of marking for polyethylene (PE) pipe of profile wall construction and with bell and spigot, heat fusion, extrusion welded or electrofusion joints for use in gravity flow applications, such as for sewers and drains. The PE profile wall pipe products cover six standard ring stiffness constant (RSC) classifications, namely 40, 63, 100, and 160, 250 and 400. These are referred to as RSC 40, RSC 63, RSC 100, RSC 160, RSC 250 and RSC 400. Referee testing, ring stiffness constant testing, flattening test, and joint tightness test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, ring stiffness, flattening, joint systems, and a form of marking for large diameter, 10 in. to 138 in. (250 mm to 3510 mm), inside diameter based polyethylene (PE) pipe of profile wall construction and with bell and spigot, heat fusion, extrusion welded or electrofusion joints for use in gravity flow applications, such as for sewers and drains.  
Note 1: Pipe produced to this specification should be installed in accordance with Practice D2321 and with the manufacturer's recommendations.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a coextruded polyethylene composite pressure pipe with a butt welded aluminum tube reinforcement between the inner and outer layers. The inner and outer polyethylene layers are bonded to the aluminum tube by a melt adhesive. Included is a system of nomenclature for the polyethylene-aluminum-polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT/AL/PE-RT) pipes, the requirements and test methods for materials, the dimensions and strengths of the component tubes and finished pipe, adhesion tests, and the burst and sustained pressure performance. Also given are the requirements and methods of marking. The pipe covered by this specification is intended for use in air conditioning and refrigeration (ACR), underground irrigation systems, radiant panel heating systems, baseboard, snow- and ice-melt systems, and gases that are compatible with composite pipe.  
1.2 This specification relates only to composite pipes incorporating a butt welded aluminum tube having both internal and external polyethylene layers. The welded aluminum tube is capable of sustaining internal pressures. Pipes consisting of metallic layers not butt welded together and plastic layers other than polyethylene are outside the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Specifications for fittings for use with pipe meeting the requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1.  
1.4 This specification excludes crosslinked polyethylene-aluminum-crosslinked polyethylene pipes (see Specification F1281).  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the basic requirements and corresponding test methods for polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) SDR 9 tubing that is outside diameter controlled, and pressure rated for water at specific temperatures. The tubing produced under this specification shall be permitted for use in general fluid transport, including hydronics and irrigations systems. The plastic used to make the tubing shall be virgin plastic or reworked plastic and shall have Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) long-term hydrostatic design stress and pressure ratings as the specified temperatures. When evaluated by the test procedures provided herein, the tubing shall meet specified requirements for workmanship, dimensions such as outside diameter and wall thickness, sustained pressure, burst pressure, oxidative resistance, and bent tubes. Quality assurance and product marking methods are also considered.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) systems for non-potable water applications. System components include PE-RT SDR 9 tubing, manifolds, fittings, valves and other appurtenances, and mechanical and fusion joining. PE-RT tubing is pressure rated for water at 73 °F (23 °C) and 180 °F (82 °C), and optionally 140 °F (60 °C). Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions and tolerances, product tests, and markings, and an optional barrier layer. Fittings include mechanical insert fittings and fusion fittings.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3.1 Values in parentheses are appropriately rounded for accuracy and precision and are not exact equivalents.  
1.4 The tubing systems produced under this specification are intended for use in the transport of non-potable water such as hydronic and irrigation systems.  
1.4.1 PE-RT tubing containing an outside surface or mid-wall gas barrier layer or both is acceptable.  
1.4.2 PE-RT systems under this standard are not intended for use in the transport of potable water. See Specification F2769 for PE-RT potable water distribution systems.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers polyethylene (PE) butt fusion fittings for use with polyethylene pipe (IPS and ISO) and tubing (CTS). Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, marking, sustained pressure, and burst pressure. Pressure strength test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyethylene (PE) butt fusion fittings for use with polyethylene pipe (IPS, DIPS, and ISO) and tubing (CTS). Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, marking, sustained pressure, and burst pressure.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers polyamide (PA) butt fusion fittings for use with polyamide pipe (IPS and ISO) and tubing (CTS). This specification covers butt fusion fittings intended for use with polyamide pipe and tubing. Fittings covered by this specification are normally molded. Fittings may be machined from extruded or molded stock. Conditioning, dimensions and tolerances, short-term rupture strength, sustained pressure test, and minimum hydrostatic burst pressure test shall be performed to conform with the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyamide (PA) butt fusion fittings for use with polyamide pipe (IPS and Metric) and tubing (CTS). Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, marking, sustained pressure, and burst pressure.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements, test methods, and methods of marking for crosslinked polyethylene plastic hot- and cold-water distribution systems components made in one standard dimension ratio. Components are comprised of tubing and fittings intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems as well as sealed central heating, including under-floor heating systems. Requirements and test methods are included for materials, workmanship, dimensions and tolerances, burst pressure, sustained pressure, excessive temperature and pressure, temperature cycling tests, and bend strength. Also included are tests related to system malfunctions.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements, test methods, and marking requirements for system components when tested with nominal SDR9 crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing as a system. Systems are intended for 100 psi (0.69 MPa) water service up to and including a maximum working temperature of 180 °F (82 °C). Requirements and test methods are included for materials, workmanship, dimensions and tolerances, burst pressure, hydrostatic sustained pressure, excessive temperature and pressure, corrosion resistance, and thermocycling tests. The components covered by this specification are intended for use in, but not limited to, residential and commercial hot and cold potable water distribution systems or other applications such as reclaimed water, fire protection, municipal water service lines, building supply lines, radiant heating and cooling systems, hydronic distribution systems, snow and ice melting systems, geothermal ground loops, district heating, turf conditioning, compressed air distribution, and building services pipe.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
Note 1: Suggested hydrostatic design stresses and hydrostatic pressure ratings for tubing and fittings are listed in Appendix X1. Design, assembly, and installation considerations are discussed in Appendix X2. An optional performance qualification and an in-plant quality control program are recommended in Appendix X3. For additional information on the use of PEX tubing for high-temperature non-potable applications and for chlorinated potable water, see PPI Technical Notes 52 and 53, respectively.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) plastic hot- and cold-water tubing and distribution systems components made in one standard dimension ratio and intended for specified water service pressures and maximum working temperatures. The components covered here are comprised of tubing, fittings, valves, and manifolds intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems. The polyethylene used to make tubing shall be virgin plastic and/or reworked plastic, while fittings shall be made from materials that are generally regarded as corrosion resistant. Sampled specimens shall be tested for conformance with workmanship, dimension (out-of-roundness, outside diameter, and wall thickness), burst pressure, sustained pressure, oxidative stability in potable chlorinated water, thermocycling, bend strength, excessive temperature-pressure capacity, environmental stress cracking, adhesion, and slow crack growth resistance requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for polyethylene of raised temperature (PE-RT) plastic hot- and cold-water tubing and distribution systems components made in one standard dimension ratio and intended for 100 psig (6.9 bar) water service up to and including a maximum working temperature of 180 °F (82 °C). Components are comprised of tubing, fittings, valves and manifolds. Tubing may incorporate an optional polymeric inner, middle or outer layer. Testing of fittings and PE-RT tubing to the requirements of this standard indicate that these fittings are appropriate for use with PE-RT piping systems. Requirements and test methods are included for materials, workmanship, dimensions and tolerances, burst pressure, sustained pressure, oxidative resistance, temperature cycling tests, bend strength and environmental stress cracking. Also included are tests related to system malfunctions. The components covered by this specification are intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems, and building supply lines.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
Note 1: Suggested hydrostatic design stresses and hydrostatic pressure ratings for tubing and fittings are listed in Appendix X1. UV labeling guidelines are provided in Appendix X2. Design, assembly, and installation considerations are provided in Appendix X3. An optional performance qualification and an in-plant quality control program are recommended in Appendix X4.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)/Aluminum/Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride), (CPVC AL CPVC), composite pressure tubing with a welded aluminum tube reinforcement between the inner and outer layers. The inner and outer CPVC layers are bonded to the aluminum tube by a melt adhesive. The components covered by this specification are intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems. This specification covers only composite tubing incorporating a continuously welded aluminum tube.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)/Aluminum/Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride), (CPVC-AL-CPVC), composite pressure tubing with a welded aluminum tube reinforcement between the inner and outer layers. The inner and outer CPVC layers are bonded to the aluminum tube by a melt adhesive. Included is a system of nomenclature for the composite tubing, the requirements and test methods for materials, the dimensions of the component layers and finished tubing, adhesion tests, hydrostatic burst and sustained pressure and thermocycling performance. Also given are the requirements and methods of marking. The components covered by this specification are intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems.  
Note 1: The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.2 This specification covers only composite tubing incorporating a continuously welded aluminum tube. Tubing consisting of metallic layers not continuously welded together are outside the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Specifications for internal bushings for use with composite tubing meeting the requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1.  
1.4 Tubing meeting the requirements of this standard are designed to be used with fittings and solvent cements meeting the requirements of Specification D2846/D2846M when assembled in accordance with Annex A2. Warning—Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious safety hazards should a system fail for any reason.  
1.5 The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the tubing materials. Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with compressed air or other compressed gases, some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. Consult with specific product manufacturers for their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 2: Suggested hydrostatic design pressures and pressure ratings for tubing are listed in Appendix X1.  
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing that is outside diameter controlled, made in standard thermoplastic tubing dimension ratios, and pressure rated for water at three temperatures. This specification covers one PEX tubing material in one standard dimension ratio and having pressure ratings for water of three temperatures. The pressure ratings decrease as the temperature is increased. PEX tubing shall be made from polyethylene compounds which have been crosslinked by peroxides, Azo compounds, or silane compounds in extrusion, or by electron beam after extrusion, or by other means such that the tubing meets the performance requirements. The following tests shall be performed: dimensions and tolerances; density; sustained pressure test; burst pressure; environmental stress cracking test; degree of crosslinking; stabilizer functionality; and oxidative stability in potable chlorinated water applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing that incorporates an optional polymeric inner, middle or outer layer and that is outside diameter controlled, made in nominal SDR9 tubing dimension ratios except where noted, and pressure rated for water at three temperatures (see Appendix X1). Included are requirements and test methods for material, workmanship, dimensions, burst pressure, hydrostatic sustained pressure, excessive temperature and pressure, environmental stress cracking, stabilizer functionality, bent-tube hydrostatic pressure, oxidative stability in potable chlorinated water, UV resistance, and degree of crosslinking. Requirements for tubing markings are also given. The components covered by this specification are intended for use in, but not limited to, residential and commercial, hot- and cold-potable water distribution systems, reclaimed water, fire protection, municipal water service lines, building supply lines, radiant heating and cooling systems, hydronic distribution systems, snow and ice melting systems, geothermal ground loops, district heating, turf conditioning, compressed air distribution and building services pipe, provided that the PEX tubing covered herein complies with applicable code requirements.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions that may not be exact equivalents to either SI units or inch-pound units and that are provided for information only.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, flattening resistance, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, extrusion quality, and a form of marking for folded/formed poly-(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe for existing sewer and conduit rehabilitation.  
1.2 Folded pipe produced to this specification is for use in non-pressure sewer and conduit rehabilitation where the folded PVC pipe is installed into and then expanded to provide a close fit to the wall of the original conduit, forming a new structural pipe-within-a-pipe.
Note 1: For installation procedures and design calculations refer to Practice F1867.  
1.3 This specification includes pipe made only from materials specified in Section 6. This specification does not include folded pipe manufactured from reprocessed, recycled, or reclaimed PVC.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 There is no similar or equivalent ISO Standard.  
1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements, test methods, and markings for crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing with a polymeric oxygen barrier layer, made in one standard dimension ratio (SDR 9), and distribution system components intended for hydronic heating and cooling applications up to and including a maximum working temperature of 200°F (93°C). Components are comprised of tubing, fittings, valves, and manifolds that are intended for use in residential and commercial hydronic heating and cooling systems. Tubing made to this specification incorporates a single outer or middle wall oxygen barrier layer designed to inhibit the transmission or permeation of oxygen through the tubing wall. The requirements and test methods cover materials, workmanship, tubing dimensions and tolerances, burst pressure, sustained pressure, excessive temperature and pressure, thermo-cycling, bent tube, oxidative resistance, layer adhesion, UV resistance, oxygen permeation, and fitting pullout strength tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements, test methods, and marking requirements for crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing with a polymeric oxygen barrier layer, made in one standard dimension ratio (SDR 9), and distribution system components intended for hydronic heating and cooling applications up to and including a maximum working temperature of 200 °F (93 °C).  
1.1.1 Components are comprised of tubing, fittings, valves, and manifolds. Tubing made to this specification incorporates a single outer or middle wall oxygen barrier layer intended for inhibiting the transmission or permeation of oxygen through the tubing wall. Requirements and test methods are included for materials, workmanship, tubing dimensions and tolerances, burst pressure, sustained pressure, excessive temperature and pressure, thermo-cycling, bent tube, oxidative resistance, layer adhesion, UV resistance, oxygen permeation, and fitting pull-out strength tests. The components covered by this specification are intended for use in residential and commercial hydronic heating and cooling systems. Requirements for potable water applications are outside the scope of this specification.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coextruded cross linked polyethylene composite pressure pipe with welded aluminum tube reinforcement between the inner and outer layers. The inner and outer cross linked polyethylene layers are bonded to the aluminum tube by a melt adhesive. Included is a system of nomenclature for the cross linked polyethylene-aluminum cross linked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) pipes, the requirements and test methods for materials, the dimensions of the component layers and finished pipe, adhesion tests, and the burst and sustained pressure performance. Also given are the requirements and methods of marking. The pipe covered by this specification is intended for use in potable water distribution systems for residential and commercial applications, water service, underground irrigation systems, and radiant panel heating systems, baseboard, snow- and ice-melt systems, and gases that are compatible with the composite pipe and fittings. It covers only composite pipes incorporating a welded aluminum tube. The PEX-AL-PEX pipes are classified by the outside diameter. The pipe shall be free of visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, blisters, and other known injurious defects. The pipe shall be as uniform as practicable in color, opacity, density, and other physical properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a coextruded crosslinked polyethylene composite pressure pipe with a welded aluminum tube reinforcement between the inner and outer layers. The inner and outer crosslinked polyethylene layers are bonded to the aluminum tube by a melt adhesive. Included is a system of nomenclature for the crosslinked polyethylene-aluminum-crosslinked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) pipes, the requirements and test methods for materials, the dimensions of the component layers and finished pipe, adhesion tests, and the burst and sustained pressure performance. Also given are the requirements and methods of marking. The pipe covered by this specification is intended for use in potable water distribution systems for residential and commercial applications, water service, building supply lines, underground irrigation systems, and radient panel heating systems, baseboard, snow- and ice-melt systems, and gases that are compatible with the composite pipe and fittings.
Note 1: Piping covered by this specification is not recommended for use in indoor flammable gas applications.  
1.2 This specification covers only composite pipes incorporating a welded aluminum tube. Pipes consisting of metallic layers not welded together are outside the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Specifications for connectors for use with pipe meeting the requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1.  
1.4 This specification excludes polyethylene-aluminum-polyethylene pipes (see Specification F1282).  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method does not purport to interpret the data generated.  
4.2 This test method is intended to compare slow-crack-growth (SCG) resistance for a limited set of HDPE resins.  
4.3 This test method may be used on virgin HDPE resin compression-molded into a plaque or on extruded HDPE corrugated pipe that is chopped and compression-molded into a plaque (see 7.1.1 for details).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the susceptibility of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) resins or corrugated pipe to slow-crack-growth under a constant ligament-stress in an accelerating environment. This test method is intended to apply only to HDPE of a limited melt index (0.947 g/cm3 to 0.955 g/cm3). This test method may be applicable for other materials, but data are not available for other materials at this time.  
1.2 This test method measures the failure time associated with a given test specimen at a constant, specified, ligament-stress level.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600, unless otherwise specified.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Brown and Lu4,5 show the Charpy impact energy is related to the ultimate critical temperature of the rapid crack propagation [RCP] behavior as measured by the ISO 13477, S-4 test.6  
5.2 The test method may be used to determine the impact energy of polyethylene used in the manufacture of pipe . This test method involves the preparation of a small compression molded specimen of PE resin that is then notched in a specified manner. The specimen is then broken in a pendulum impact machine. The impact energy is recorded in joules. The value obtained is referred to as the Charpy impact energy.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the specimen preparation and the method of measuring the impact energy of polyethylene used in pressurized pipes.  
1.2 The test specimens are taken from compression molded plaques of the resin from pellets or pipe.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers polyethylene (PE) pipe made in dimensions based on outside determined range of diameters and larger. The piping is intended for new construction and insertion renewal of old piping systems used for the transport of water, municipal sewage, domestic sewage, industrial process liquids, effluents, slurries, etc., in both pressure and nonpressure systems. Different dimensional properties of pipes like outside diameter, wall thickness, eccentricity, toe-in, and special sizes shall be determined. Physical properties such asdensity, melt index, flexural modulus, tensile strength, slow crack growth resistance, hydrostatic strength, color and UV stabilizer, HDB, and HDS shall determined as well. In order to determine the performance of pipes under pressure the following tests shall be done: short-term pressurization test and elevated temperature sustained pressure test. The pipe shall be homogeneous throughout and essentially uniform in color, opacity, density, and other properties. The inside and outside surfaces shall be semi matte or glossy in appearance (depending on the type of plastic) and free of chalking, sticky, or tacky material. The surfaces shall be free of excessive bloom, that is, slight bloom is acceptable. The pipe walls shall be free of cracks, holes, blisters, voids, foreign inclusion, or other defects that are visible to the naked eye and that may affect the wall integrity. Holes deliberately placed in perforated pipe are acceptable. Bloom or chalking may develop in pipe exposed to direct rays of the sun (ultraviolet radiant energy) for extended periods and, consequently, these requirements do not apply to pipe after extended exposure to direct rays of the sun.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyethylene (PE) pipe made in three standard outside diameter sizing systems, based on outside diameters of DIPS 3, IPS 4, Metric 90 mm and larger. For smaller sizes refer to Specification D3035. See 5.2.5 for guidelines on special sizes.  
1.2 The piping is intended for new construction and insertion renewal of old piping systems used for the transport of water, municipal sewage, domestic sewage, industrial process liquids, effluents, slurries, etc., in both pressure and nonpressure systems.
Note 1: The user should consult the manufacturer to ensure that any mechanical or chemical effects to the polyethylene pipe caused by the material being transported will not affect the service life beyond limits acceptable to the user. See PPI TR-19 Chemical Resistance of Thermoplastic Piping Materials for guidance on chemical effects, www.plasticpipe.org  
1.3 All pipes produced under this specification are pressure-rated. See Appendix X5 for information on pressure rating.
Note 2: References and material descriptions for PE2406, PE3408 and materials having a HDB of 1450 psi have been removed from Specification F714 due to changes in Specification D3350 and PPI TR-3. For removed designations, refer to previous editions of Specification F714, Specification D3350, PPI TR-3 and PPI TR-4. The removal of these materials does not affect pipelines that are in service. See Note 4 and Note 9.  
1.4 This specification includes criteria for choice of raw material, together with performance requirements and test methods for determining conformance with the requirements.  
1.5 Quality-control measures are to be taken by manufacturers. See Appendix X4 for general information on quality control.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard t...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the dimensional, design, and performance requirements for five types (Types EB-20, EB-35, DB-60, DB-100, and DB-120) of smooth-wall poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) conduits and fittings for underground communication and electrical power wires and cables. Conduits and fittings shall be evaluated on impact resistance and strength, joint tightness, pipe stiffness, and extrusion quality.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for single wall and coextruded cellular core smooth-wall poly(vinyl chloride) conduit and fittings for underground communication and electrical power wire and cables. Plastics which does not meet the material requirements specified in Section 5 is excluded from single layer and all coextruded layers.  
1.2 The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is for use by designers and specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, and inspection organizations that are involved in the rehabilitation of main and lateral pipelines and manholes. As for any practice, modifications may be required for specific job conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the requirements for the installation of seamless molded hydrophilic gaskets (SMHG) in cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) rehabilitation of main and lateral pipelines.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 There is no similar or equivalent ISO Standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyamide-11 electrofusion fittings for use with outside diameter-controlled polyamide-11 pipe, covered by Specification D2513. Requirements for materials, workmanship, and testing performance are included. Where applicable in this specification “pipe” shall mean “pipe” or “tubing.”  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is applicable only for distinguishing between inadequately fused and adequately fused PVC. The difference between thermally degraded and adequately fused PVC cannot be detected by this test method. Acetone immersion testing is not a substitute for burst, impact, or other physical or chemical tests on PVC pipe or fittings and it, therefore, shall not be used as the only test specification for purchasing of PVC pipe and fittings. This test method only detects inadequate fusion and does not determine the over-all quality of the PVC pipe or fittings.  
3.2 This test method is useful in determining whether inadequate fusion contributed to failure of PVC pipe or fittings in other physical or chemical tests, or in service.  
3.3 This test method is useful in evaluating the adequacy of PVC fusion obtained in process or materials trials.  
3.4 This test method determines adequacy of fusion on a single, relatively small specimen. This test method requires the use of a hazardous reagent which must be properly handled and disposed. Therefore, this test method may not be cost-effective to employ as a routine quality control test.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the adequacy of fusion of extruded rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe and molded fittings as indicated by reaction to immersion in anhydrous acetone.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except where instruments are calibrated in SI units.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazards statements are given in Annex A1.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The utilization of recycled materials in non-pressure thermoplastic pipe presents a potentially large outlet for this what is typically classified “waste” material. The proper use and qualification of this material is critical in assuring its long-term performance from both a structural and durability standpoint.  
4.2 This practice defines minimum requirements and testing protocols and frequencies for these recycled materials with respect to their utilization in final thermoplastic pipe products. Each specific pipe standard has unique criteria that must be met in addition to the items described in this practice.  
4.3 The purpose of this specification is for characterization of recycled plastics only and does not establish performance guidelines for such materials. Product specifications may be used in conjunction with this specification to establish performance specifications for a defined end-use and specific material type.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers requirements and sampling frequency for the use of post-consumer and post-industrial recycled plastic materials in polyethylene (PE) pipe used in storm drainage, storm sewer and sanitary sewer applications.  
1.2 The requirements of this practice provide definitions, requirements and test protocols for recycled plastic materials to be used in the production of polyethylene (PE) pipe for gravity flow applications.  
Note 1: Non-pressure applications pertain principally to any municipal or private facilities for land drainage, storm drainage, storm sewer, culvert and sanitary sewer applications. The products utilizing the criteria under this practice are not intended for any pressure pipe applications, such as water or gas pipelines.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore, each system shall be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, perforations, pipe stiffness, elongation, joint separation resistance, quality of extruded polyethylene, brittleness, testing, and marking of corrugated polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings for mine drainage, leachate collection, heap leach aeration, and transmission pipe. It covers nominal sizes 50 mm (2 in.) to 250 mm (10 in.) in single-wall profile, and 75 mm (3 in.) to 1500 mm (60 in.) in double-wall profile.  
1.2 This specification covers single profile wall, annular extruded corrugated polyethylene pipe as depicted in Fig. 1, and double wall, annular extruded corrugated polyethylene pipe as depicted in Fig. 2.
FIG. 1 Typical Single Wall Profile Cross-Section
FIG. 2 Typical Double Wall Profile Cross-Section  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The Device record includes information about how the heat butt fusion joint was made (heater temperature, pressures and times for the heating, fusion and cooling steps) and other important information about the process, job, equipment used, etc. The Device record is compared to the specified heat butt fusion procedure parameters to determine if the procedure was followed correctly. For comparison purposes, a graph of time versus pressure is generated from the data record to show pressure changes that occur during the butt fusion process. Comparing the time versus pressure graph to the steps in the procedure helps determine that the procedure parameters were observed, (Note 1). (See Appendix X1.) These records may be downloaded from the device and stored.  
5.2 When used in conjunction with manually-operated machines, the Device records information about the procedure used, the operator, the equipment, and the piping material. The Device may capture photographs of the set up (alignment and cleanliness) as well as the completed fusion bead. These records may be downloaded from the device and stored.
Note 1: The Device cannot show all aspects of the heat butt fusion conditions (such as wind, cold weather, blowing dust and sand, etc.) and does not preclude periodic joint testing as described in the applicable fusion standard or procedure.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice specifies the data recording information that is recorded, when data recording equipment is used, on heat butt fusion joints in a plastic piping system in order to compare the procedure used in making the joint to the heat butt fusion joining procedure specified. This practice is suitable for use with all heat butt fusion joining procedures such as Practice F2620, Specification F3372, Specification F2945 international standards or other qualified procedures. This practice primarily applies to hydraulically operated heat butt fusion machines and can be utilized for documenting heat butt fusion joints completed with manually-operated fusion machines.  
1.2 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The inspection of installed thermoplastic storm and sewer pipe verifies proper installation of the product and establishes a baseline for comparison for further evaluation.  
4.2 This guide is useful as a reference by an owner in preparing project specifications and to identify, evaluate and interpret observations during post installation inspections of pipe.  
4.3 Field evaluations either remotely or with person entry should be made by an independent 3rd party engineering firm or duly appointed representative of the owner.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide identifies pipeline components, recommended protocols and evaluation criteria to consider in the inspection and acceptance of installed thermoplastic pipe by either person-entry, or remote inspection.  
1.2 This guide is intended for installation related observations and assumes that pre-installation inspection has been completed and all final settlement of fill has occurred. Inspection should be a minimum of 30 days after installation. This inspection period could be increased to accommodate the installer’s warranty period, which is typically one year or greater.
Note 1: Pipe types covered under this standard are typically installed under the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Construction Specifications or Practice D2321.  
1.3 It applies to the thermoplastic non-pressure gravity flow storm and sewer pipe manufactured in accordance with Specifications D3034, F679, F714, F794, F894, F949, F1803, F2306, F2435, F2562, F2648, F2763, F2764, F2881, F2947, F3123, ISO 21138, ISO 4435, ISO 8772 and ISO 8773. It may also be considered for use for any similar thermoplastic pipe products not covered by this list but with similar physical or performance characteristics if approved by the owner.  
1.4 Person entry is normally used unless extenuating circumstances preclude this type inspection by the engineer. Remote inspection is recommended for use for pipe diameters of 30 in. [750 mm] and smaller unless otherwise specified by owner or engineer. Person entry ultimately depends on the safety, size, and environmental consideration assessments by the engineer.  
1.5 Access of installed pipe for manual inspection should follow OSHA 29 CFR PART 1926 SUBPART AA or ISO 45001, or any other applicable regulations for confined space entry. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification defines requirements for the data used in the tracking and traceability base-62 encoding system. It provides the format of the resultant code to characterize various components used in fuel gas piping systems. In this specification, the final output is a 16 digit alpha-numeric code that defines a standardized approach or methodology for encoding certain characteristics of components that have been established based on consensus recommendations from the respective stakeholder group members. The gas distribution component traceability identifier is also provided in this specification wherein the gas distribution component traceability identifier shall be comprised of sixteen alphanumeric characters that specify respective attributes for a given component. The gas distribution component traceability identifiers also include identifications of component manufacturer, identification of component manufacturer's lot code, the component production date, the component material, the component size, and the component type.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification defines requirements for the data used in the tracking and traceability base-62 encoding system and the format of the resultant code to characterize various components used in fuel gas piping systems.  
1.2 The final output of this specification is a 16 digit alpha-numeric code that defines a standardized approach or methodology for encoding certain characteristics of components that have been established based on consensus recommendations from the respective stakeholder group members. The means of marking or affixing the code to the components, and the means of reading and/or transferring the data or codes are outside the scope of this specification.
Note 1: To facilitate compliance with this specification, a web based application has been developed to manage and maintain unique manufacturer identification numbers. The URL for the website is: http://www.componentid.org.  
1.3 The web based application is only intended to serve as a useful resource for managing the respective manufacturer identification numbers, codes, and other identifiers as per this specification. Any changes to the contents of the web based application are contingent upon subsequent changes to this specification. This specification shall have primacy.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements and test methods for the characterization of polyamide 11 pipe, tubing, and fittings for use in fuel gas piping. The pipe and fittings covered by this specification are intended for use in the transport of fuel gases. This specification does not cover threaded pipe. The polyamide 11 material used to make pipe and fittings shall be virgin or reworked material and shall have a Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) long-term hydrostatic design stress and hydrostatic design basis rating as determined per PPI TR3 and PPI TR4. This specification deals with requirements for materials, requirements for pipe and fittings, test methods, marking, and quality Assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for the characterization of polyamide 11 pipe, tubing, and fittings for use in fuel gas pipelines. The pipe and fittings covered by this specification are intended for use in the distribution and transmission of fuel gases.  
1.1.1 This specification does not cover threaded pipe. Generic fusion guidelines are given in Appendix X1. Design considerations are discussed in Appendix X2. In-plant quality control programs are specified in Annex A1.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
Note 1: Heat fusion joining of PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this standard is limited to PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this standard. Heat Fusion joining of PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this standard is not allowed to pipes and fittings made from any other thermoplastic materials (for example, PA12, PEs, PVCs, etc.).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following is an index of the annexes and appendixes in this specification:    
Annexes  
Subject  
Annex A1  
In-Plant Quality Control for sizes up to 12 in.  
Annex A2  
PA-11 Butt Fusion Fittings  
Appendixes  
Subject  
Appendix X1  
Butt Fusion Guidelines for PA-11 Piping  
Appendix X2  
Design Consideration  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the physical requirements for tools used to squeeze-off polyethylene gas pipe and tubing. The squeeze bars shall be of a size and configuration that compresses the pipe walls to reduce the gas flow, but does not damage the pipe and may be configured as round (circular), flat with rounded edges, two round bars side by side, or any other configuration. The tool shall have the following requirements: mechanical, hydraulic, or pneumatic force mechanisms; resistance to damage or deformation; release protection; release rate; flow control; and grounding. It shall also have sufficient squeeze bar length and spacing to allow the maximum diameter pipe to be centered between the guides and mechanical stops to provide protection for over squeezing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the physical requirements for tools used to squeeze-off polyethylene (PE) pipe and tubing. It is limited to squeeze-off procedures set forth by the pipe manufacturer as referred to in Specification D2513 for gas pressure pipe systems.  
1.2 Nothing in this specification shall be construed as recommending practices or systems at variances with governing codes and project specifications.  
1.3 Where applicable in this specification, “pipe” shall mean “pipe and tubing,” and “tool” shall mean “squeeze-off tool.”  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Section 5 and Appendix X1 of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers polyamide-12 electrofusion fittings for use with outside diameter-controlled polyamide-12 pipe and tubing for gas distribution. The materials are classified according to grade designations: Group 4, Class 2, and Grade 3. Minimum hydraulic burst pressure test, sustained pressure test, tensile strength test, joint integrity test, and voids evaluation shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyamide- 12 electrofusion fittings for use with outside diameter-controlled polyamide- 12 pipe, covered by Specification F2785. Requirements for materials, workmanship, and testing performance are included. Where applicable in this specification “pipe” shall mean “pipe” or “tubing.”  
1.2 Polyamide 12 electrofusion fittings are intended for use in polyamide 12 systems only. As per the manufacturer’s recommendations, no cross fusion between PA12, PA11 and PE is permitted.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers cold expansion fittings and cross-linked (PEX) reinforcing rings for use with cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plastic tubing in specific nominal diameters. These fittings are intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems as well as sealed central heating, including under-floor-heating systems. The PEX reinforcing rings shall conform to the required density, degree of cross-linking, and stabilizer migration resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cold expansion fittings and cross-linked (PEX) reinforcing rings for use with cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plastic tubing in nominal tubing sizes of 3/8 , 1/2 , 5/8 , 3/4 , 1, 11/4 , 11/2 , 2, 21/2 , and 3 in. that meet the requirements of Specification F876 or F3253 and for use with Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) pipe in nominal tubing sizes of 3/8 , 1/2 , 5/8 , 3/4 , 1, 11/4 , 11/2 , 2, 21/2 , and 3 that meet the requirements of Specification F2769. These fittings are intended for use in 100 psi (690 kPa) cold- and hot-water distribution systems operating at temperatures up to and including 180 °F (82 °C). The system is comprised of a PEX reinforcing ring and a cold expansion fitting. Included are the requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, and markings to be used on the fitting components. The components covered by this specification are intended for use in residential and commercial, hot and cold, potable water distribution systems as well as building supply lines, sealed central heating, including under-floor-heating systems.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, flattening resistance, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, extrusion quality, joining systems and a form of marking for type PSM poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) sewer pipe and fittings. The pipe and fittings shall be homogeneous throughout and free from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or other injurious defects. The socket diameters, socket depth, wall thickness, pipe flattening, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, joint tightness, and extrusion quality shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions, workmanship, flattening resistance, impact resistance, pipe stiffness, extrusion quality, joining systems and a form of marking for type PSM poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) sewer pipe and fittings.  
1.2 Pipe and fittings produced to this specification should be installed in accordance with Practice D2321.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification:   This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements, test methods, materials, and marking for polypropylene (PP), open bottom, buried chambers of corrugated wall construction used for collection, detention, and retention of stormwater runoff. Applications include commercial, residential, agricultural, and highway drainage, including installation under parking lots and roadways. Chambers are produced in arch shapes with dimensions based on chamber rise, chamber span, and wall stiffness. They are manufactured with integral feet that provide base support. They may include perforations to enhance water flow and must meet test requirements for arch stiffness, flattening, and accelerated weathering. The successful performance of the product depends upon the type and depth of bedding and backfill, and care in installation. This specification includes requirements for the manufacturer to provide chamber installation instructions to the purchaser.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements, test methods, materials, and marking for polypropylene (PP), open bottom, buried chambers of corrugated wall construction used for collection, detention, and retention of stormwater runoff. Applications include commercial, residential, agricultural, and highway drainage, including installation under parking lots and roadways.  
1.2 Chambers are produced in arch shapes with dimensions based on chamber rise, chamber span, and wall stiffness. Chambers are manufactured with integral feet that provide base support. Chambers may include perforations to enhance water flow. Chambers must meet test requirements for arch stiffness, flattening, and accelerated weathering.  
1.3 Analysis and experience have shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the type and depth of bedding and backfill, and care in installation. This specification includes requirements for the manufacturer to provide chamber installation instructions to the purchaser.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address water quality issues or hydraulic performance requirements associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that appropriate engineering analysis is performed to evaluate the water quality issues and hydraulic performance requirements for each installation.  
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) threaded Schedule 80 pipe fittings, which are PVC 12454, 12454, 13354, 11443, and 14333. The pipe fittings are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. The materials shall conform to the required dimensions and burst pressure limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) threaded Schedule 80 pipe fittings. Included are requirements for materials, workmanship, dimensions, and burst pressure.  
Note 1: Threaded CPVC plastic pipe fittings, Schedule 80, which were formerly included in this standard, are now covered by Specification F437.  
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with compressed air or other compressed gases some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.
Note 2: Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious safety hazards should a system fail for any reason.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Using the procedures and apparatus in Sections 8 and 9 and the manufacturer's instructions, pressure-tight joints as strong as the pipe itself can be made between manufacturer-recommended combinations of pipe and fittings. See Specification F1055 for performance requirements of polyethylene electrofusion fittings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for making joints suitable for pressure service with polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings by means of electrofusion joining techniques in, but not limited to, a field environment. Other suitable electrofusion joining procedures are available from various sources including fitting manufacturers. This standard does not purport to address all possible electrofusion joining procedures, or to preclude the use of qualified procedures developed by other parties that have been proven to produce reliable electrofusion joints. (Note 1)
Note 1: Reference to the manufacturer in this practice refers to the electrofusion fitting manufacturer.  
1.2 The parameters and procedure are applicable only to joining polyethylene pipe and fittings (Note 2) which are intended for PE fuel gas pipe per Specification D2513 and PE potable water, sewer and industrial pipe manufactured per Specification F714, Specification D3035, Specification F2619, and AWWA C901 and C906.
Note 2: Commercially available materials classified with a thermoplastic pipe material designation code beginning with PE 14, PE 23, PE 24, PE 27, PE 33, PE 34, PE 36, and PE 46, and PE 47 in accordance with Specification D3350 and Terminology F412 are generally acceptable for electrofusion joining using this practice. Consult with the pipe or fitting manufacturer for specific compatibility information.  
1.3 Parts that are within the dimensional tolerances given in present ASTM specifications are required to produce sound joints between polyethylene pipe and fittings when using the joining techniques described in this practice.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The text of this practice references notes, footnotes, and appendices which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the practice.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for smooth-wall perforated and nonperforated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe and couplings for use in subsurface drainage systems of highways, airports, and similar applications. Two classes (or pipe stiffness) are included and designated as PS 28 and PS 46. The pipe stiffness, impact resistance, pipe flattening, and solvent cement joint tightness shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for smooth-wall perforated and nonperforated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe and couplings for use in subsurface drainage systems of highways, airports, and similar applications in nominal sizes of 4, 6, and 8 in. and in pipe stiffnesses (PS) that are designated as Type PS 28 and Type PS 46 in accordance with its minimum pipe stiffness.  
1.2 Molded fittings for use with highway underdrain pipe are in accordance with Specification D3034. For convenience, some of these fittings are reproduced in Annex A1.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
Note 1: Type PS 28 and Type PS 46 indicate “pipe stiffness” of 28 and 46, respectively, as outlined in 11.1.
Note 2: Pipe and fittings should be installed in accordance with Practice D2321, or applicable state or local specifications.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coextruded acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastic drain, waste, and vent pipes made to Schedule 40 iron pipe sizes (IPS) with concentric inner and outer solid ABS layers and a closed-cell cellular ABS core. The ABS plastics used to make the pipes shall only be either virgin or reworked as specfieid. Reprocessed or recycled plastics are excluded from this specification. The pipes shall meet specified requirements for dimension such as outside diameter, wall thickness, and length; and for performance such as pipe stiffness, lower confidence limit, flattening resistance, impact strength, bond strength, pigments or screening agents, and solvent cement.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coextruded acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastic drain, waste, and vent pipe made to Schedule 40 iron pipe sizes (IPS) and produced by the coextrusion process with concentric inner and outer solid ABS layers and the core consisting of closed-cell cellular ABS. Plastic which does not meet the material requirements specified in Section 5 is excluded from single layer and all coextruded layers.  
1.2 Fittings suitable for use with pipe meeting the requirements of this specification are given in Annex A1. Fittings meeting the requirement of Specification D2661 are also acceptable.  
1.3 Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic which does not meet the definitions of virgin ABS plastic as given in 3.2.4 is excluded, as performance of plastic other than those defined as virgin was not determined. ABS rework plastic which meets the requirements of rework plastic as given in 5.3 is acceptable.  
1.4 Reprocessed plastic or recycled plastic as defined in Terminology D883 is excluded.  
1.5 Recommendations for storage, joining, and installation are provided in Appendix X1, Appendix X2, and Appendix X3, respectively.  
1.6 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.