ASTM D2152-23

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Designation: D2152 − 17 D2152 − 23 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
Pipe and Molded Fittings by Acetone Immersion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2152; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the adequacy of fusion of extruded rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe and
molded fittings as indicated by reaction to immersion in anhydrous acetone.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except where instruments are calibrated in SI units.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazards statements are given in Annex A1.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is applicable only for distinguishing between inadequately fused and adequately fused PVC. The difference
between thermally degraded and adequately fused PVC cannot be detected by this test method. Acetone immersion testing is not
a substitute for burst, impact, or other physical or chemical tests on PVC pipe or fittings and it, therefore, shall not be used as the
only test specification for purchasing of PVC pipe and fittings. This test method only detects inadequate fusion and does not
determine the over-all quality of the PVC pipe or fittings.
3.2 This test method is useful in determining whether inadequate fusion contributed to failure of PVC pipe or fittings in other
physical or chemical tests, or in service.
3.3 This test method is useful in evaluating the adequacy of PVC fusion obtained in process or materials trials.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.25 on Vinyl Based
Pipe.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017Nov. 1, 2023. Published January 2018November 2023. Originally approved in 1963T. Last previous edition approved in 20132017
as D2152 – 13.D2152 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D2152-17.10.1520/D2152-23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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D2152 − 23
3.4 This test method determines adequacy of fusion on a single, relatively small specimen. This test method requires the use of
a hazardous reagent which must be properly handled and disposed. Therefore, this test method may not be cost-effective to employ
as a routine quality control test.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Container—Either individual, sealable containers for each specimen or one large, airtight container capable of holding several
specimens without touching one another.
4.2 Hydrometer and Cylinder—Precision hydrometer, graduated in thousandths, with a minimum range of 0.780 g/mL to 0.790
g/mL and a cylinder large enough to immerse the hydrometer.
4.3 Thermometer—ASTM 12C total immersion thermometer, range from −20°C to 102°C accurate to 0.2°C,−20 °C to 102 °C
accurate to 0.2 °C, or equivalent.
5. Reagent
5.1 Acetone—American Chemical Society Reagent Grade, having a maximum density of 0.7857 g/mL at 25°C.25 °C.
NOTE 1—See Annex A1 for the safety and health precautions to be used with acetone.
5.2 Prior to conducting the test, check the density of the acetone with a precision hydrometer to determine its dryness. If the
density of the acetone is greater than 0.9340.7934 g/mL at 23°C,23 °C, (corresponding to approximately 2 % water by mass (see
Fig. X1.1)), use fresh acetone or dry the wet acetone with a drying agent. Recheck the density of the fresh or dried acetone before
using.
NOTE 2—Wet acetone can be dried by thoroughly agitating it with at least 15 g of anhydrous calcium sulfate (CaSO ) for each gram of water present.
NOTE 3—The presence of water in the acetone reduces its sensitivity to differences in the degree of fusion of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). It is
important to dry the acetone properly and conduct the test in a sealed container, because acetone rapidly absorbs moisture from the atmosphere.
NOTE 4—Round-robin testing between four laboratories showed that test results are not significantly altered with up to 2 % water by weight in the acetone.
6. Sampling
6.1 Specimens shall be taken from individual pipe sections, fittings, or remnant portions of pipe or fittings. Specimens shall be
taken from locations which are to be evaluated for adequacy of fusion, or immediately adjacent to them.
6.2 The number of individual specimens to be tested and their locations shall be chosen to be representative of the pipe or fittings
being evaluated for adequacy of fusion.
7. Test Specimens
7.1 Size of Specimen—Specimen shall be a size that is convenient to immerse in the test container but not less than ⁄2 in. (13 mm)
in height. For small diameter pipe, the specimen shall be a complete circumferential section of the pipe. For large diameter pipe,
the specimen shall be a full pipe section but it may be cut into smaller pieces to facilitate testing. Small molded parts shall be
immersed as a singl
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