ASTM D2949-22

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2949 − 18 D2949 − 22 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
3.25-in. Outside Diameter Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2949; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for materials, dimensions and tolerances, deflection load, crush
resistance, flattening resistance, impact resistance, and solvent cement. A form of marking is also included. Plastic which does not
meet the material requirements specified in Section 5 is excluded.
NOTE 1—This specification was formerly issued under the title, 3-in. Thin Wall Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and
Fittings.
1.1.1 Techniques for making solvent-cement joints are given in Practice D2855.
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D1784 Classification System and Basis for Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.63 on DWV.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018Oct. 1, 2022. Published January 2019October 2022. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 20102018 as
D2949 – 10.D2949 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D2949-18.10.1520/D2949-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2949 − 22
D2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by Acetone
Immersion
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
D2444 Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling
Weight)
D2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
D2855 Practice for the Two-Step (Primer and Solvent Cement) Method of Joining Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or Chlorinated
Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Pipe and Piping Components with Tapered Sockets
D3311 Specification for Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV) Plastic Fittings Patterns
F402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
F1498 Specification for Taper Pipe Threads 60° for Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology
D1600, unless otherwise specified.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to provide pipe and fittings suitable for drainage of sewage and certain other
liquid wastes where toughness, resistance to deterioration from water and chemicals, flattening and aging resistance, and strong
tight joints are required.
NOTE 2—Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with the specific approval of the cognizant building code authority since chemicals not
commonly found in drains and sewers, and temperatures in excess of 160°F (70°C),160 °F (70 °C), may be encountered.
5. Materials
5.1 Basic Materials—Pipe and fittings shall be made from virgin poly (vinyl chloride) compounds meeting the requirements of
Class 12454, as defined and described in Specification D1784.
5.2 Rework Material—The manufacturer shall use only his own clean pipe or fitting rework material and the pipe or fitting
produced shall meet all the requirements of this specification.
5.3 Solvent Cement—The solvent cement shall meet the requirements of Specification D2564.
6. Requirements
6.1 General—The pipe and fittings shall be homogeneous throughout and free of visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or other
injurious defects. The pipe shall be as uniform as commercially practicable in color, opacity, density, and other physical properties.
6.1.1 The requirements in this section are intended only for use as quality control tests, not as simulated service tests.
6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances—All dimensions shall be measured in accordance with Test Method D2122. All tolerances shall
meet the requirements of Tables 1-11 unless otherwise specified.
6.2.1 Pipe:
TABLE 1 Dimensions and Tolerances for Outside Diameters and Thicknesses of PVC 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Plastic Drain, Waste,
and Vent Pipe, in. (mm)
A
Nominal Outside Diameter Wall Thickness
Pipe Size,
Tolerance on Out-of-Roundness
Average Min Tolerance
in. Average (maximum minus minimum)
3.25 3.250 (82.56) ±0.008 (±0.20) 0.030 (0.76) 0.125 (3.18) +0.020 (+0.50)
A
The minimum is the lowest wall thickness of the pipe at any cross section. The maximum permitted wall thickness, at any cross section, is the minimum wall thickness
plus the stated tolerance.
D2949 − 22
TABLE 2 Dimensions and Tolerances for Fitting Sockets for 3.25-in. Outside Diameter PVC Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe Fittings,
in. (mm)
NOTE 1—Spigot ends shall conform to the outside diameters and tolerances for pipe of the same size
C
Nominal A B D
Spigot and
Pipe Size, Socket Entrance Diameter Socket Bottom Diameter Wall Thickness
Socket Depth
in.
A B C B D,E
avg Tm avg Tm min min
3.25 3.265 (82.94) ±0.008 (±0.20) 3.245 (82.42) ±0.008 (±0.20) 1 ⁄2 (38) 0.140 (3.56)
A
The tolerances on this average are +0.010 to −0.005 in. (+0.25 to −0.13 mm).
B
Tm = permissible deviation of diameter from measured average, often called out-of-roundness.
C
Tolerance on average +0.005 in., −0.010 in. (+0.13 mm, −0.25 mm).
D
Minimum wall thickness in the socket is 0.125 in.
E
The wall thickness is a minimum value except that a ±10 % variation resulting from core shift is allowable. In such a case, the average of the two opposite wall thicknesses
shall equal or exceed the value shown in the table.
TABLE 3 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Bends, in. (mm)
Nominal Pipe Long-Sweep ⁄4
1 1 1 1
⁄4 Bend G, min ⁄8 Bend J, min ⁄6 Bend J, min ⁄16 Bend J, min
Size, in. Bend G, min
7 1 5
3.25 2 ⁄8 (73) 4 (101.6) 1 (25.4) 1 ⁄4 (31.8) ⁄8 (15.88)
6.2.1.1 Pipe Dimensions—The outside diameters and wall thicknesses of the pipe shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
6.2.1.2 Pipe Length—The pipe shall be in either 1010 ft or 20-ft20 ft or 33 m or 6-m6 m lengths, unless otherwise specified with
allowable tolerance of + ⁄2 in., 0–0 in. or +13 mm, −0 mm.
6.2.2 Fittings:
6.2.2.1 Fittings-Socket Dimensions—The socket dimensions of fittings shall meet the requirements given in Table 2.
6.2.2.2 Fittings Laying Length Dimensions—The laying length dimensions of fittings, shall conform to the requirements given in
Table 3 through Table 11.
6.2.2.3 Transition Adapters—The dimensions of adapters for connecting plastic pipe to cast iron hubs shall conform to the
dimensions given in Table 4.
6.2.2.4 Fittings Dimensions—The dimensions of fittings covered by this specification shall meet the requirements given in Table
3 through Table 11.
D2949 − 22
TABLE 4 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Reducing Spigots, in. (mm)
M
Nominal Pipe Size, in. L , min L , min L , min AJ, Nominal
2 1 3
max min
3.25 by 4-in.
7 5 3 9 1 7
3 ⁄8 (98.4) 5 ⁄8 (142.9) ⁄8 (9.5) 4 ⁄16 (115.9) 4 ⁄2 (114.3) 3 ⁄8 (98.4)
Cast Iron
TABLE 5 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Reducing Sanitary Tee and 45° Wyes, in. (mm)
Sanitary Tee Reducing 45° Wye Reducing Single and Double
Nominal Pipe Size, in.
G , min G , min G , min G , min G , min G , min
1 2 3 1 2 3
15 3 3 3 1 17
3.25 by 3.25 by ⁄16 (23.8) 1 ⁄4 (44.5) 2 ⁄16 (55.6) ⁄8 (9.5) 3 ⁄4 (82.5) 3 ⁄32 (89.7)
1 ⁄2-in. IPS
3 1 3 1 11
3.25 by 3.25 by 2-in. IPS 1 ⁄8 (34.9) 2 (50.8) 2 ⁄4 (57.2) ⁄8 (9.5) 3 ⁄4 (82.5) 3 ⁄16 (93.6)
TABLE 6 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Bushings in. (mm)
Nominal Pipe Style 1
Size, in. L, min CM, min R, min
1 7 1 3
3.25 by 1 ⁄2-in. IPS 1 ⁄8 (47.6) 1 ⁄8 (28.6) ⁄8 (9.5)
7 3
3.25 by 2-in. IPS 1 ⁄8 (47.6) 1 (25.4) ⁄8 (9.5)
3 1
3.25 by 3-in. IPS 1 ⁄4 (44.5) ⁄4 (6.4) 0 (0)
NOTE 3—Additional fittings in IPS dimensions are included in Specification D3311.
6.3 Deflection Load and Crush Resistance:
6.3.1 Pipe—The pipe shall support a minimum load of 600 lbf/linear ft (810 N/m) at 15 % deflection of the original diameter
D2949 − 22
TABLE 7 4-in. by 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Reducing Closet Ring
NOTE 1—Slot is optional if fully reinforced with a corrosion-resistant material.
4( × 3( REDUCING CLOSET RING
A
Closet Flange, in. (mm)
in. mm
7 (180)
4 (101.5)
2 ⁄4 (70)
1 ⁄4 (32)
⁄2 (13)
⁄16 (11)
⁄4 (6.5)
A
Tolerance ± ⁄16 in. or ±1.6 mm.
TABLE 8 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Sanitary Tees—45° Wyes, in. (mm)
Sanitary Tee Single and Double, min 45° Wye Single and Double, min
Nominal Pipe Size, in.
GN GJ GN GJ
7 15 3 1
3.25 1 ⁄16 (36.5) 2 ⁄16 (74.6) ⁄4 (19.0) 4 ⁄8 (104.8)
(deflection load), and shall deflect 60 % of the original diameter (crush resistance) without cracking, rupture, or other visible
evidence of failure when tested in accordance with 7.4. The minimum pipe stiffness at 5 % deflection shall be 115 lbf/in.·in. (800
kPa).
6.3.2 Fittings—Individual fittings unassembled shall withstand a minimum load of 1000 lbf/ft (1350 N/m) of centerline length
without cracking or other visible evidence of failure when tested in accordance with 7.4. This requirement does not apply to inline
fittings.
6.4 Flattening Resistance—The average decrease in inside diameters of pipe and fittings shall not exceed 10 % when tested in
accordance with 7.5 (.Note 2).
6.5 Impact Resistance—The minimum impact resistance, when tested at the time of manufacture, shall be 50 ft·lbf (67.79 J) at
73 °F (23 °C) for pipe and 20 ft·lbf (27.12 J) at 73 °F for fittings. Test in accordance with Test Method D2444 using Tup C and
Holder A for pipe and Tup A and Holder B for fittings. Use a 12-lb (5-kg) tup for testing pipe and fittings. Test couplings cemented
to short pieces of pipe and allowed to dry for 24 h.
6.5.1 Test 10 specimens. When 9 or 10 specimens pass, accept the lot. When 2 or more specimens fail, test 10 additional
D2949 − 22
TABLE 9 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Couplings and Adapter, in. (mm)
Coupling Female Adapter Male Adapter Female Fitting Adapter
Nominal Pipe Size, in.
N, min N, min N, min N, min
3 7 5 1
3.25 ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄16 (11.1) ⁄16 (7.9) ⁄8 (3.2)
TABLE 10 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Pipe Increasers, in. (mm)
Nominal Pipe Size, in. C, min
1 1
3.25 by 1 ⁄2-in. IPS ⁄2 (12.7)
3.25 by 2-in. IPS ⁄8 (9.5)
3.25 by 3-in. IPS ⁄4 (19.0)
TABLE 11 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Bends with Inlets, in. (mm)
1 1
⁄4 Bend with Low Heel Inlet, min Long-Sweep ⁄4 Bend with High Heel Inlet, min
Nominal Pipe Size, in.
G N G N GG
1 7 11 1
3.25 by 1 ⁄4-in. IPS 2 ⁄8 (73.0) 4 (102) 4 (102) 5 ⁄16 (144.5) 2 ⁄2 (63.5)
7 1
3.25 by 2-in. IPS 2 ⁄8 (73.0) 4 ⁄8 (104.8)
specimens. When 17 of 20 specimens tested pass, accept the lot. When 4 or more of 20 specimens fail, test 20 additional specimens.
When 32 of 40 specimens pass, accept the lot. When 9 or more of 40 specimens fail, the lot does not meet the requirements of
this specification.
6.5.2 Failure of the test specimen shall be shattering or any crack or break extending entirely through the pipe wall and visible
to the unaided eye.
D2949 − 22
6.6 Threads—For all fittings having taper pipe threads, threads shall conform to Specification F1498 and be gaged in accordance
with 7.6.
6.7 Extrusion Quality—The pipe shall not flake or disintegrate when tested in accordance with Test Method D2152.
7. Test Methods
7.1 Sampling—Take a random sample from each lot or shipment of the pipe and fittings sufficient to determine conformance with
this specification. About 40 ft (12 m) of pipe are required to make the tests prescribed. The number of fittings required varies
depending on the size and type of
...