13.020 - Environmental protection
ICS 13.020 Details
Environmental protection
Umweltschutz im allgemeinen 1302000
Protection de l'environnement
Varstvo okolja
General Information
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This document provides a broad societal context for facility management (FM) to inspire organizations that wish to:
— establish and improve a sustainable integrated FM system;
— embrace the wide-ranging and positive contribution that FM makes in managing the built environment;
— support the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
This document provides a non-exhaustive contextual introduction to relevant concepts, initiatives and terms that are in common use.
It is acknowledged that the practice of FM internationally is dynamic and diverse, hence this document provides generic information based on current experience without setting out any specific requirements, recommendations or permissions. Organizations are encouraged to make their own enquiries as to the extent this document is applicable to their circumstances.
- Technical report44 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC SRD 63476-1:2024 provides a gap analysis on ontology relevant standards for smart city systems to be used as a base document for mapping, developing and maintaining a set of ontology standards for smart city systems.
Ontology is becoming a key subject in the world of big data, AI, IoT, and smart city system standards. The following benefits of ontology are recognized as important with respect to interoperability, connectivity, traceability of digital content, particularly machine readability, executability and interpretability of digital content for decision making and actions.
- Increase interoperability across domains.
- Enable machine-readable code for computational reasoning and decision making.
- Create semantic linkages between data, information and knowledge systems.
- Build accessible APIs and semantic linkages between web-based data objects.
- Link data domains with shared concepts or canonical data models.
- Connect shared data concepts and definitions between domains.
However, ontology has a variety of definitions in different international standards. How to understand different meanings of ontology and select the right definition for the right stakeholders’ concerns for the right purposes is a big challenge for effective integration of business, data, information, knowledge and decision making, across disciplines, domains, systems, platforms and applications in smart cites. Moreover, how to deal with the grand challenges of interoperability of many and various ontologies to satisfy the demands from artificial intelligence and big data analytics are gaps to be filled in the area of smart city systems. How to develop digital content that is machine readable, executable and interpretable, working in the system without human effort for a smart city system are emerging needs to be studied. There are significant demands for better communication, coordination, cooperation, collaboration and connectivity of existing ontology standards to smart cities practical sectors. This document aims:
• to identify existing ontology standards from different Standards Development Organizations (SDOs) and to provide best practice examples and considerations of ontology standards development and maintenance for smart city systems;
• to identify gaps in existing ontology standards for smart city systems and the opportunities and challenges in ontology standards development taking into account multi-dimensional and muti-domain stakeholders’ concerns city wide, and to provide recommendations for ontology standards development and maintenance to enable integration, interoperability, efficiency and effectiveness of smart city systems.
- Standardization document69 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the methods to be used for the measurement of energy content and main elements balances of algae from cultivation or from wild growth and algae products to provide biomass, intended for renewable algal raw material used as bioenergy and in bio-based products.
This document does not apply to methods of algae and algae products sampling, harvesting and pre/postprocessing.
This document does not apply to algae and algae products intended for the food and feed sector.
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for the measurement of energy content and main elements balances of algae from cultivation or from wild growth and algae products to provide biomass, intended for renewable algal raw material used as bioenergy and in bio-based products.
This document also specifies carbon source parameters specific to algae as bio-based and it is applicable to studies covering algae production life cycle assessment (LCA) e.g. algal biomass farming or wild collection.
This document does not apply to methods of algae and algae products sampling, harvesting and pre/postprocessing.
This document does not apply to algae and algae products intended for the food and feed sector.
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides a broad societal context for facility management (FM) to inspire organizations that wish to:
— establish and improve a sustainable integrated FM system;
— embrace the wide-ranging and positive contribution that FM makes in managing the built environment;
— support the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
This document provides a non-exhaustive contextual introduction to relevant concepts, initiatives and terms that are in common use.
It is acknowledged that the practice of FM internationally is dynamic and diverse, hence this document provides generic information based on current experience without setting out any specific requirements, recommendations or permissions. Organizations are encouraged to make their own enquiries as to the extent this document is applicable to their circumstances.
- Technical report44 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This standard gives guidance on establishing a decision-making framework for sharing data and information services in smart cities. It covers: a) types of data in smart cities; b) establishing a data sharing culture; c) data value chain – roles and responsibilities; d) purposes for data use; e) assessing data states; f) defining access rights for data; and g) data formats/format of transportation. This standard aims to support the sharing of data and information services within cities. For some cities there will also be a need to establish specific data sharing agreements, particularly where data is being shared by multiple organizations at once. This standard supports a transparent approach to making decisions and creating specific data sharing agreements in order to fully realise the benefits and value of data and information services in a city. Missing data or misinterpretation of data can lead to the wrong actions being taken by city decision-makers. A decision-making framework for sharing data can help ensure that they have the best overall data on which to base decisions. This standard does not cover: a) national security issues; b) good practice for use of data by the citizen; c) existing interoperability agreements between cities; d) defining application programming interfaces (API) networks; or e) any data sharing rules and regulations specific to a particular jurisdiction. It is assumed that a security-minded approach to data sharing is used by cities. NOTE 1 Further details on the areas not covered in this standard, including information on relevant standards publications, are given in Annex A. This standard is for use by decision-makers in smart cities from the public, private and third sectors. It is also of interest to any city organization wishing to share data.
- Standard46 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidance for a more flexible implementation of ISO 37101. This can be appropriate for smaller urban settlements or those dominated by a specialised function. Others can be starting on their journey of maturing sustainability from a very low-level base, or aim to explore sustainable development in a gradual, phased way due to limited resources. Some will want to rapidly initiate action that will have an immediate impact to demonstrate value and stimulate wider support. It provides practical toolkits to achieve implementation (e.g. policies and economic incentives, technical tools, and self-assessment checklists). This document applies to urban settlements of any composition and type.
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides a broad societal context for facility management (FM) to inspire organizations that wish to: — establish and improve a sustainable integrated FM system; — embrace the wide-ranging and positive contribution that FM makes in managing the built environment; — support the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This document provides a non-exhaustive contextual introduction to relevant concepts, initiatives and terms that are in common use. It is acknowledged that the practice of FM internationally is dynamic and diverse, hence this document provides generic information based on current experience without setting out any specific requirements, recommendations or permissions. Organizations are encouraged to make their own enquiries as to the extent this document is applicable to their circumstances.
- Technical report36 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidance on identifying and assessing the impacts of climate change on stormwater systems and on developing strategies for adapting to these impacts. The assessment of the impacts is based on the assessment principles described in ISO 24566-1. This document also provides examples of some of the impacts of climate change on stormwater systems and of the responses that have been implemented by municipal water services or by the relevant jurisdiction (e.g. municipality or region served by the service). The examples of responses illustrate adaptation strategies that have been applied. NOTE Combined sewer systems are included in this document in relation to the activities of collection, transport, storage and treatment of stormwater. Non-combined wastewater systems are covered by ISO 24566-4.
- Standard36 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard41 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a laboratory method for obtaining water samples from treated wood which has been in conditions designed to simulate continuous contact with the ground or with water (use Class 4 or 5), at time intervals after exposure.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for defining a strategic approach and means for improving harbour cleanliness and for the protection of the environment and biodiversity. This document applies to: — yacht harbours, maritime or inland (lake, river, canal, etc.); — mixed purpose harbours (recreational and fishing/trade); — dry stacks. This document is applicable regardless of the public authorities and type of management in charge of the yacht harbour. The relevant coverage zone defined is the yacht harbour area.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard16 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides the product category rules (PCR) for Type III environmental declarations (as in EN 15804:2012+A2:2019+AC:2021) for factory made and in situ thermal insulation products.
Complementary to EN 15804:2012+A2:2019+AC:2021, the PCR described in this document:
- specify the declared unit to be used;
- define the system boundaries for thermal insulation products;
- specify/describe the default scenarios and rules for defining scenarios for certain life cycle information modules.
These PCR are intended to be used for cradle to gate, cradle to gate with options or cradle to grave assessment, provided the intention is properly stated in the system boundary description.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a laboratory method for obtaining water samples from treated wood which has been in conditions designed to simulate continuous contact with the ground or with water (use Class 4 or 5), at time intervals after exposure.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document supports the data quality assessment and selection of data for product-level Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) according to the core product category rules of EN 15804 and for the environmental performance assessment of buildings according to prEN 15978 1 in a consistent way. It can also be used to assess and select data for the environmental assessment of civil engineering works.
It defines data quality requirements with respect to temporal, technological and geographic representativeness for the data used to calculate the LCA based indicator results of the EPD and for construction works when applying EPD, life cycle inventory data or other LCA based information and generates a hierarchy to support the selection of the most appropriate data with regard to data quality. It also addresses the reporting of data quality at product and building level.
- Standard86 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides requirements on the management of waste generated during the operation of inland navigation vessels, including handling, collection, separation, marking, treatment, and storage on board of the vessel. It also describes the ship-to-shore interface and the delivery of waste from the vessel to the reception station. Small crafts or vessels can use this document to improve their waste management. This document also provides information for segregating and managing waste that any reception station worldwide can expect from inland navigation vessels and concentrates on: — prevention/elimination/minimization of waste prior to sailing; — minimization of waste at the source on the inland vessel; — waste collection at the source; — waste segregation on the inland vessel into defined categories that are recognized globally and fit into any of the different waste categorization systems around the world; — waste minimization once segregated; — waste storage on board the vessel; and — health and safety concerns surrounding the handling, storage, and offloading of waste.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document gives guidance for an organization seeking to transition its value creation models and value networks from linear to circular. This document is applicable to any organization regardless of size, sector or region.
- Standard36 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard39 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements and gives guidance to organizations for measuring and assessing a defined economic system to determine their circularity performance at a specific time. Measurement and assessment are performed by the collection and calculation of data with the help of mandatory and optional circularity indicators. This document provides a framework to guide users within organizations of all types and sizes through the measurement and assessment process, including system boundary setting and choice of indicators, as well as processing and interpreting data in a consistent and reproducible manner to generate meaningful and verifiable results. The framework is applicable to multiple levels of an economic system, ranging from regional, interorganizational and organizational to the product level. To measure and assess social, environmental and economic impacts that are caused by the actions of the organization to achieve circular goals and objectives, the document provides a list of complementary methods that can be used in addition to this document.
- Standard78 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard85 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document defines key terms, establishes a vision and principles for a circular economy, and gives guidance, including possible actions, for an organization to implement. It is applicable to organizations seeking to understand and commit or contribute to a circular economy while contributing to sustainable development. These organizations can be either private or public, acting individually or collectively, regardless of type or size, and located in any jurisdiction, or position within a specific value chain or value network.
- Standard51 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard55 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document reviews the characteristics and structures of some existing value networks as examples in accelerating a circular economy transition process. ISO 59010 gives guidance on a critical aspect in transitioning an organization’s business model and processes from linear to circular and transforming an organization’s business ecosystem into a value network. This document complements ISO 59010 by providing further information on value networks.
- Technical report40 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides a general foundation for data management in services, systems and facilities related to drinking water, wastewater and stormwater. It emphasizes data as an asset and introduces basic rules for efficient data acquisition, storage and processing. It aims to help water system owners and operators manage water facilities more efficiently based on large-scale data. The following aspects are within the scope of this document: — management of data as an asset in water systems; — data management principles and guidelines; — people organization in relation to data management.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard13 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document defines an ontology for city-level concepts defined using terms specified in ISO/IEC 5087-1. City-level concepts are used to represent data that is shared across multiple services and stakeholders in the city. City-level concepts are distinguished by their data being read and updated by multiple city services and stakeholders.
- Standard48 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a set of principles and rules that algae producers, algae products industries, laboratories or other entities that collect algae and algae products samples can follow for the definition of their own sampling programs and sampling protocols.
In the context of this document, algae are a functional group that include microalgae, macroalgae, cyanobacteria and Labyrinthulomycetes.
As algae and their production processes are so diverse, this document does not define a specific sampling program and/or a specific sampling protocol. Instead, this document specifies the aspects that can be considered when defining one’s own sampling program and protocol.
This document describes when, where and how to draw a representative sample. For guidance on sample preparation of dry and wet samples of micro- and macroalgae, and algae products, please refer to
EN 17605.
This document is intended to be used for the collection of samples for lot characterization for commercial or legal/regulatory purposes. However, this document can also be used for any type of sampling of algae, including samples for quality control during production.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC TR 62933-4-200:2024 describes aspects on reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with electrical energy storage systems (EES systems), and presents current practices, research activities and related researches in each country.
This document is intended to be used by those involved in design, development and use of EES systems, the grids and the renewable energy sources in the grids, where various applications, including but not limited to long term ones (peak shaving, load levelling, backup power, etc.) and short term ones (frequency regulation, renewable energy stabilization, etc.), are considered.
- Technical report33 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidance on how to use and implement ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123. ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 specify definitions and methodologies for a set of indicators to steer and measure the performance of city services as well as quality of life, smart city development and resilience planning. ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 supports cities in achieving their goals towards sustainable development and includes indicators for measuring smart city development and risk assessments for building smart, resilient and sustainable cities.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC SRD 63273-2:2024 series aims to scope out the requirements of city information modelling standards by collecting and analysing its use cases. Specifically, the IEC SRD 63273 series achieves the objectives of identifying the key application areas and stakeholders, developing user stories and clarifying the relationship among these stakeholders, collecting and analysing use cases of city information modelling, scoping out the requirements for city information modelling standards and providing recommendations to IEC regarding urban planning and management.
The IEC SRD 63273 part 2: 2024 develops the list of user stories and the database of use cases, conducts integrative analyses of the use cases, scopes out the requirements of city information modelling standards and provides recommendations for IEC and other standards development organizations (SDOs) regarding urban planning and management using city information modelling.
- Standardization document121 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC SRD 63233-4:2024 This document is part 4 of the IEC SRD 63233 series and proposes a guidance on identifying and mapping standards for public health emergencies following the methodology of IEC SRD 63233-1:2022. It guides identifying and categorizing relevant standards for epidemic prevention and control, and links to a database with cataloged standards for easy use by cities.
- Standardization document27 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for an event sustainability management system for any type of event or event-related activity, and provides guidance on conforming to those requirements. This document is applicable to any organization that wishes to: a) establish, implement, maintain and improve an event sustainability management system; b) ensure that it is in conformity with its stated sustainable development policy; c) achieve the intended result(s) of its event sustainability management system; d) demonstrate voluntary conformity with this document by: — first party (self-determination and self-declaration); — second party (confirmation of conformance by parties having an interest in the organization, such as clients, or by other persons on their behalf); — an independent third party (e.g. a certification body).
- Standard53 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard57 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for measuring hazardous substances emitted during the operation of material extrusion type AM machines commonly used in the non-industrial places and includes non-normative suggestions for ways to reduce them.
This document specifies some of the main hazardous substances emitted from this type of machine during operation for currently commonly used materials, it describes the additional information and the associated test method for measuring hazardous substances, and includes considerations for reducing the hazardous substances and basic countermeasures.
This document specifies how to measure concentrations of hazardous substances generated in the non-industrial places (school, public place and so on) in which this type of machines are installed, and to maintain an acceptable work environment by managing field facilities, machines, filaments, and additive manufactured products for the reduction of hazardous substances.
However, this document does not cover all gas-phase chemical emissions. Only a range of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from n-hexane to n-hexadecane, including aldehydes are included. Considerations for reducing chemical emissions and for improving the work environment are given in Annexes A and B.
- Draft29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC GUIDE 122:2024 raises awareness and provides recommendation on the use of consistent terminology related to halogen content for use in horizontal and product-specific IEC standards.
The terminology related to halogen content provided in this Guide does not take into consideration astatine (At) and the artificially created tennessine (Ts), since they are not used in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). Diatomic halogen molecules (F2, Cl2, Br2, I2), normally not found in EEE, are also excluded from the terminology recommended in this Guide.
- Guide89 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a set of principles and rules that algae producers, algae products industries, laboratories or other entities that collect algae and algae products samples can follow for the definition of their own sampling programs and sampling protocols.
In the context of this document, algae are a functional group that include microalgae, macroalgae, cyanobacteria and Labyrinthulomycetes.
As algae and their production processes are so diverse, this document does not define a specific sampling program and/or a specific sampling protocol. Instead, this document specifies the aspects that can be considered when defining its own sampling program and protocol.
This document describes when, where and how to draw a representative sample. For guidance on sample preparation of dry and wet samples of micro- and macroalgae, and algae products, please refer to EN 17605.
This document is to be used for the collection of samples for lot characterization for commercial or legal/regulatory purposes. However, this document can also be used for any type of sampling of algae, including samples for quality control during production.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes a methodology for calculating the rate of carbon emissions for a software system; that is, its SCI score. The purpose of this score is to increase awareness and transparency of an application's sustainability credentials. The score will help software practitioners make better, evidence-based decisions during system design, development, and deployment, that will ultimately minimize carbon emissions. A reliable, consistent, fair and comparable measure allows targets to be defined during development and progress to be tracked.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document identifies good practice case studies of smart city responses to COVID-19 through the use of smart technologies, smart data, smart decision-making and smart ways of working. In particular, it aims to demonstrate how the principles for smart city operating models recommended in ISO 37106 can deliver improved outcomes in public-health emergency management (PHEM), at every stage of the command-and-control process for emergency management and incident response set out in ISO 22320. This document is intended to inform ISO 37113, which recommends a framework of good practices that can be used in responding to future public-health emergencies.
- Technical report32 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the general requirements for a city service platform for public health emergencies. It also specifies the requirements in terms of data, functions, security and privacy protection.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a system for waste management and reduction of solid waste in aquaculture. It includes management plans, methods, principles and guidelines. This document is relevant for aquaculture in marine and fresh water bodies. This document does not apply to land-based aquaculture and does not comprise biological waste.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes a method for the determination of the content of biocides in construction
products, (either finished (dried) or in a ready-to-use state) and in eluates thereof, using liquid
chromatography and tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS).
For content analysis liquid chromatography with UV-detection can also be used, if sufficient sensitivity
and selectivity is ensured (see Annex A (normative)).
The method in this document is validated for the product types listed in Annex D (informative). For eluate
analysis quantification limits of 0,1 μg/l can be achieved.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies existing methods for the determination of specific organic substances in aqueous eluates from leaching of construction products.
The following parameters are covered: pH, electrical conductivity, biocides, bisphenol A, BTEX, dioxins and furans, DOC, epichlorohydrin, mineral oil, nonylphenols, PAH, PBDE, PCB, dioxin-like PCB, PCP, phenols and phthalates.
The methods in this document come from different fields, mainly the analysis of water, and are applicable for the eluates from construction products. They are validated for eluates of the product types listed in Annex A.
NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products, bituminous products, wood-based products, polymer-based products and metals. This document includes analytical methods for all matrices except metals.
The selection of the method to be applied is based on the product matrix and the required sensitivity.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
(1) This European Standard allows the identification of the appropriate leaching test method for the determination of the release of RDS from construction products into soil, surface water and groundwater. This document provides a stepwise procedure for the determination of appropriate release tests, including:
a) determination of the test method based on general product properties;
b) choice of the test method using specific product properties.
(2) Furthermore, this European Standard gives general guidance for CEN Technical Product Committees and EOTA WGs on basic aspects (sampling, sample preparation and storage, eluate treatment, analysis of eluates and documentation) to be specified in the relevant product standards or ETAs.
(3) Metallic products and coatings on metallic products are not considered in the determination scheme of this Technical Specification since the test methods in EN 16637-2 (tank test) and EN 16637-3 (column test) are not appropriate for the testing of these construction products due to a different release mechanism (solubility control).
NOTE See Annex F.
(4) It is assumed that intermittent contact with water (e. g. exposure to rainwater) is tested — by convention — as permanent contact.
For some coatings, (e. g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824 [4]) in intermittent contact to water, physical and chemical properties might be altered in permanent contact with water. These products are not considered in the determination scheme of this Technical Specification since the test method in EN 16637-2 is not appropriate for the testing of these construction products (in this case EN 16105 might be an alternative method).
- Standard55 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies analytical methods for the determination of major, minor and trace elements and of anions in aqueous eluates from construction products. It refers to the following 67 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), caesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr) and to the following four anions: Cl-, Br-, F-, SO42-.
This document also describes how to measure general parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, DOC/TOC.
The methods in this European Standard are applicable to construction products.
NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
The selection of analytical methods to be applied is based on the required sensitivity of the method, which is provided for all substance – analytical procedure combinations.
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
(1) This European Standard specifies an Up-flow Percolation Test (PT) which is applicable to determine the leaching behaviour of inorganic and non-volatile organic substances from granular construction products. The test is not suitable for substances that are
volatile under ambient conditions. The construction products are subjected to percolation with water as a function of liquid to solid ratio under specified percolation conditions. The method is a once-through column leaching test.
(2) This up-flow percolation test is performed under specified test conditions for construction products and does not necessarily produce results that mimic specific intended use conditions. This test method produces eluates, which can subsequently be
characterized by physical, chemical and ecotoxicological methods according to existing standard methods. The results of eluate analysis are presented as a function of the liquid/solid ratio. The test results enable the distinction between different leaching
behaviour.
NOTE 1 Volatile organic substances include the low molecular weight substances in mixtures such as mineral oil.
NOTE 2 It is not always possible to adjust test conditions simultaneously for inorganic and organic substances and test conditions may also vary between different groups of organic substances. Test conditions for organic substances are generally more stringent
than those for inorganic substances. The test conditions are generally described in a way that they fit testing organic substances and are also applicable to inorganic substances depending on the set-up.
NOTE 3 For ecotoxicity testing, eluates representing the release of both inorganic and organic substances are needed. In this document, ecotoxicological testing is meant to include also genotoxicological testing.
Construction products that exhibit a saturated hydraulic conductivity of about 10−8 m/s or higher can usually be subjected to this test.
This procedure is also applicable to materials showing solidification in the column, if the final hydraulic conductivity is within the specified range. Inert granular material should not be added to improve permeability in order to enable their testing.
NOTE 4 This procedure is generally not applicable to products that are easily biologically degradable and products reacting with the leachant, leading, for example, to excessive gas emission or excessive heat release, impermeable hydraulically bound products or
products that swell in contact with water.
- Standard70 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
1) This European Standard specifies a Dynamic Surface Leaching Test (DSLT) which is aimed at determining the release per unit surface area as a function of time of inorganic and/or non-volatile organic substances from a monolithic, plate- or sheet-like product, when it is put into contact with an aqueous solution (leachant). The test method is not suitable for substances that are volatile under
ambient conditions.
(2) This test is a parameter specific test focusing on identifying and specifying parameter specific properties tested under specified conditions. It is not aimed at simulating real situations. The application of results to specific intended conditions of use may be established by means of modelling (not included in this Technical Specification).
(3) The modification for granular construction products with low hydraulic conductivity (Annex A) applies for granular particles with so little drainage capacity between the grains that percolation in percolation tests and in practice is nearly impossible.
(4) The test method applies to more or less regularly shaped test portions consisting of monolithic test pieces with minimum dimensions of 40 mm in all directions (volume > 64 000 mm3 (64 cm3)). It also applies to plate- or sheet-like products with surface areas of minimum 10 000 mm2 (100 cm2) exposed to the leachant. Products designed to drain water (e.g. draining tiles, porous asphalt) and monolithic granular products according to EN 16637-1, Table 1, are also tested by this test method. All products to be tested are assumed to maintain their integrity over a time frame relevant for the considered intended use.
(5) Metals, metallic coatings and organic coatings on metals are excluded from the scope of EN 16637-2 because the principles of this test (diffusion) are not obeyed by these products. Guidance on the need for testing of these products is under consideration.
(6) For some coatings (e.g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824) in intermittent contact to water, physical and chemical properties might be changed in permanent contact with water. For these products EN 16637-2 is not appropriate.
(7) Guidance on the applicability of the test method to a given product is outlined in EN 16637-1.
NOTE 1 This test method is only applicable if the product is chemically stable and the matrix does not dissolve. For construction products that may be used in contact with water this usually should not be the case as construction products should then be dimensionally stable. If a product may substantially wear in its intended use, the test cannot provide proper information. If the product contains a substantial amount of water-soluble compounds, e.g. gypsum or anhydrite, the matrix may (partially) dissolve and lead to dimensional instability of the test piece. In this case the test standard also cannot be used.
NOTE 2 Volatile organic substances include the low molecular weight substances in mixtures such as mineral oil.
NOTE 3 It is not always possible to optimize test conditions simultaneously for inorganic and organic substances and optimum test conditions may also vary between different groups of organic substances. Test requirements for organic substances are generally more stringent than those for inorganic substances. The test conditions suitable for measuring the release of organic substances will
generally also be applicable to inorganic substances.
- Standard72 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies existing methods for the determination of the content of specific organic substances in construction products. The following parameters are covered: BTEX, biocides, dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs, mineral oil, nonylphenols, PAH, PCB, PCP, PBDE, and short-chain chlorinated paraffins. The methods listed in this document come from different fields and are suitable for organic substances in organic extracts from all types of constructions products. The methods in this document are validated for the product types listed in Annex A.
NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products, bituminous products, wood-based products, polymer-based products and metals. This document includes analytical methods for all matrices except metals.
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This European Standard specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia and nitric acid digests and in eluates of construction products by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry (ICP‐MS). It refers to the following 67 elements:
aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), caesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
NOTE 1 Construction products include e.g. mineral‐based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood‐based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
The working range depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered.
NOTE 2 The limit of detection of most elements will be affected by their natural abundance, ionization behaviour, on abundance of isotope(s) free from isobaric interferences and by contamination (e.g. handling and airborne). Handling contaminations are in many cases more important than airborne ones.
The limit of detection will be higher in cases where the determination is likely to be interfered (see Clause 4) or in case of memory effects (see e.g. EN ISO 17294‐1:2006, 8.2).
The method in this Standard is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex B.
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This European Standard specifies methods for obtaining the aqua regia digestible content of construction products. Solutions produced by this method are for analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and inductively coupled spectrometry (ICP‐OES) for the following 67 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), caesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
Solutions produced by the methods are suitable for analysis by cold vapour atomic absorption or fluorescent spectrometry (CV‐AAS, CV‐AFS), for mercury (Hg).
The method in this European Standard is applicable to construction products.
Digestion with aqua regia will not necessarily accomplish total decomposition of the sample.
The extracted analyte concentrations may not necessarily reflect the total content in the sample.
NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral‐based products (S); bituminous products (B);
metals (M); wood‐based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and
coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
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This document describes two methods for determining the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAH) and one method for determining the content of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX)
with gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS).
See Annex A (normative) for lists of PAH and BTEX that can be determined with this document.
This document is intended to be used for construction products.
In a number of cases additional analysis with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) can be
necessary to determine a number of compounds. To determine PAH multiple liquid-liquid extraction is
used to remove interfering compounds, e.g. maltenes. The tests that led to this document were carried
out on different types of roofing material, bitumen and bituminous binders as well as asphalt including
one tar containing asphalt (see [Van De Weghe at el., 2018] and [García-Ruiz et al., 2020]).
The detectability limit of the methods for individual compounds in roofing material, asphalt and tar
containing asphalt for PAH is 0,5 mg/kg to 1,5 mg/kg and for BTEX 0,1 mg/kg.
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This document describes the pros and cons for the different methods for reporting the potential release of dangerous substances into soil, groundwater or surface water and indoor air, which are:
— level (or declared values); and
— classes;
as defined in the Construction Products Regulation (CPR).
In addition, the pros and cons of additional methods based on discussion in CEN/TCs and WGs are described, which are:
— categories; and
— manufacturer’s declaration.
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This document defines terms used in the field of the assessment of the release, and the content, of dangerous substances from/in construction products.
The terms are classified under the following main headings:
- Terms related to products and substances (general; soil, groundwater and surface water; indoor air);
- Terms related to sampling and sample preparation;
- Terms related to test procedures and test results (general; soil, groundwater and surface water; indoor air, radiation).
An alphabetical index is provided.
NOTE Further terms generally concerning the development and application of technical specifications for construction products which fall under the scope of the construction products regulation (CPR) are listed in Annex A; their definitions are given in a Glossary by the European Commission, DG Enterprise and Industry (2014).
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This European Standard specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia and nitric acid digests and in eluates of construction products by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP‐OES). It refers to the following 44 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
For the determination of low levels of As, Se and Sb, hydride generation may be applied. This method is described in Annex D.
NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral‐based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood‐based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
The method in this European Standard is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex D.
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This European Standard specifies analytical methods for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia digests of construction products. It refers to the following 67 elements:
Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
The methods in this European Standard are applicable to construction products.
NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral‐based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood‐based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.
The selection of analytical methods to be applied is based on the required sensitivity of the method, which is provided for all combinations of substance and analytical procedure.
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