91.060.30 - Ceilings. Floors. Stairs
ICS 91.060.30 Details
Ceilings. Floors. Stairs
Decken. Fuszboden. Treppen
Plafonds. Planchers. Escaliers
Stropi. Tla. Stopnice
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 91.060.30 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Ceilings. Floors. Stairs". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 294 standards classified under ICS 91.060.30 (Ceilings. Floors. Stairs). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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- Corrigendum3 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Corrigendum3 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies procedures to measure in laboratory the impact sound level reduction of isolated heavy landings connected to a heavy wall, isolated heavy flights of stairs connected to a heavy landing, lower or upper floor, and lightweight stairs connected to a heavy wall, lower or upper floor.
This document also considers the characterization of isolating elements for heavy landings or heavy flights of stairs in terms of an insertion loss expressed as an impact sound level difference. The corresponding procedure is given in a normative annex (Annex A), separated from the other procedures for the sake of clarity.
The tests are performed in defined test configurations and the test results are firstly restricted to the test configurations as described in the test report. The data can be used for comparing the performance of products and as input for EN ISO 12354-2:2017, Annex F, to calculate the sound pressure levels produced by the same stairs and isolating elements when installed in buildings.
The test procedures defined in this document comprise the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5000 Hz.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies procedures to measure in laboratory the impact sound level reduction of isolated heavy landings connected to a heavy wall, isolated heavy flights of stairs connected to a heavy landing, lower or upper floor, and lightweight stairs connected to a heavy wall, lower or upper floor.
This document also considers the characterization of isolating elements for heavy landings or heavy flights of stairs in terms of an insertion loss expressed as an impact sound level difference. The corresponding procedure is given in a normative annex (Annex A), separated from the other procedures for the sake of clarity.
The tests are performed in defined test configurations and the test results are firstly restricted to the test configurations as described in the test report. The data can be used for comparing the performance of products and as input for EN ISO 12354-2:2017, Annex F, to calculate the sound pressure levels produced by the same stairs and isolating elements when installed in buildings.
The test procedures defined in this document comprise the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5000 Hz.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a standardized procedure for evaluating performance of ceramic floor tile installations under conditions similar to actual specific usages. It can be used to make comparisons between customary basic installation methods, to establish the influence of minor changes in a particular installation method, and to judge the merit of proposed novel methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of ceramic floor tile installation systems, using the Robinson2-type floor tester.
1.2 This test method is intended solely for evaluating complete ceramic floor tile installation systems for failure under dynamic loads and not for evaluating particular characteristics of ceramic tile, such as abrasion resistance. This test method does not claim to provide meaningful results for other than evaluating complete ceramic floor tile installation systems.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric (SI) units in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 There is typically a higher concentration of soluble alkali salts in the surface region of a concrete slab due to the initial bleeding process of a freshly placed concrete slab. If after a resilient floor covering material is installed there is sufficient moisture within the slab to place these salts into solution a potentially damaging high pH solution can develop beneath the installed material.
4.2 Results obtained through the use of this guide indicate the comparative pH of reagent water placed on properly prepared concrete slab surfaces only at the time of the procedure and in the specific locations evaluated.
4.3 If pre-installation surface pH evaluation is required by the manufacturer of the resilient flooring, adhesive, patching/underlayment products or project specifications, their instructions and limitations should be consulted.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide discusses procedures that may be used for evaluating the comparative change in pH of reagent water placed on the surface of a properly prepared concrete slab surface.
1.2 This guide is intended to be used in conjunction with the flat surface electrode pH meter manufacturer’s calibration procedures, operation instructions, and interpretive data where available.
1.3 This guide is intended to be used in conjunction with the pH paper manufacturer’s instructions, product shelf life, and interpretive data where available.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 9 on Hazards.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Guide4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Use this test method to obtain a quantitative value indicating the rate of moisture vapor emission from the surface of a concrete floor and whether or not that floor is acceptable to receive resilient floor covering. The moisture vapor emission rate only reflects the condition of the concrete floor at the time of the test. All concrete subfloors emit some amount of moisture in vapor form. Concrete moisture emission is a natural process driven by environmental conditions. All floor coverings are susceptible to failure from excessive moisture vapor emissions. The moisture vapor emitted from a concrete slab is measured in pounds. This measurement is the equivalent weight of water evaporating from 1000 ft2 of concrete surface in a 24-h period. The calcium chloride moisture test has been the industry standard for making this determination and is a practical, well-established and accepted test of dynamic moisture. It will produce quantified results directly applicable to flooring manufacturer's specifications. The results obtained reflect the condition of the concrete floor surface at the time of testing and may not indicate future conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of the rate of moisture vapor emitted from below-grade, on-grade, and above-grade (suspended) bare concrete floors.
1.2 This test shall not be used to evaluate the rate of moisture vapor emitted by gypsum concrete or floors containing lightweight aggregate.
1.3 This test shall not be used to evaluate moisture vapor emissions over coatings on concrete or through reactive penetrants or over patching or leveling compounds.
1.4 This quantity of moisture shall be expressed as the rate of moisture vapor emission, measured in pounds of moisture over a 1000 ft2 area during a 24-h period.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is intended to provide data from which applicable design data can be derived for a given anchorage.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures to be followed in testing the performance of the anchorage of all types of new and existing permanent metal railing systems (guard, stair, and ramp-rail systems), and rails (hand, grab, and transfer rails) installed in and for agricultural, assembly, commercial, educational, industrial, institutional, recreational, and residential buildings.
1.2 This test method is applicable to railing systems and rails having major structural components made of metal and secondary components made of metal or other materials such as wood, plastics, and glass.
1.3 The test method described can be used to determine whether the anchorage of permanent metal railing systems and rails complies with anticipated performance requirements.
1.4 Specifically, this test method covers procedures for determining the static tension, shear, and moment resistance of anchorages for permanent metal railing systems, and rails in structural elements made of concrete, masonry, wood, and metal as well as related products.
1.5 No consideration is given in this test method to any possible deterioration of anchorage systems, resulting from adverse environmental conditions. The performance of special tests covering this aspect may be desirable.
1.6 Should computations make it possible to provide the needed information, testing may be employed for purposes of verification.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers floor tiles made of a homogeneous mixture of linoleum cement binder calendered or pressed onto a fibrous or suitable backing for use in commercial, light commercial and residential buildings based on serviceability characteristics. General information and performance characteristics, which determine serviceability and recommended use, are included in this document. The floor coverings shall be of the following types: Type I—linoleum floor tile with fibrous backing; Type II—linoleum floor tile with special backing; Type III—linoleum floor tile without backing; and Type IV—static dissipative linoleum floor tile with or without backing. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of physical properties such as wear surface, size, thickness, and squareness; performance requirements such as residual indentation, static load resistance, flexibility, dimensional stability, resistance to chemicals, resistance to heat, resistance to light, and static dissipation.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers floor tiles made of a homogeneous mixture of linoleum cement binder calendered or pressed onto a fibrous or suitable backing. This specification also covers linoleum floor tile without backing.
1.2 Four types of linoleum floor tile are covered. The floor covering is intended for use in commercial, light commercial, and residential buildings based on serviceability characteristics. General information and performance characteristics, which determine serviceability and recommended use, are included in this document.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Sections 7 and 8, of this specification.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This classification is used to classify and aid in the selection of acoustical ceiling products.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers ceiling products that provide acoustical performance and interior finish in buildings. Products used in performance spaces and other special applications in some cases require more detailed specification than provided by this classification.
1.2 This classification classifies acoustical ceilings by type, pattern, and certain ratings for acoustical performance, light reflectance, and fire safety. It does not cover the aspects of acoustical ceilings when used as a component of a system or assembly tested for fire endurance or floor/ceiling sound transmission.
1.3 This classification does not include physical properties, such as structural hardness, friability, sag, linear expansion and contraction, and transverse strength, which affect the handling, installation, and use of acoustical ceiling products (see Test Methods C367).
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Moisture in concrete floor slabs affects the performance of flooring systems such as resilient, wood, and textile floor coverings and coatings. Manufacturers of such systems generally require moisture testing be performed before installation of coverings on floor slabs and screeds. The measurement of sub-surface comparative moisture condition in the upper 1.0 in. (25.4 mm) stratum of a concrete slab with a non-destructive moisture meter is one such method.
5.2 Excessive moisture in floor slabs after installation can cause floor covering system failures such as delamination, bonding failure, deterioration of finish flooring and coatings, and microbial growth.
5.3 5.3 Comparative moisture content tests indicate the moisture in the slab, which is usually referenced to the percentage of dry weight. That is:
Results indicate conditions at the time of the test.
5.4 Methods of meter calibration and factors affecting equilibration are described in Section 8.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide focuses on obtaining the comparative moisture condition within the upper 1.0 in. (25.4 mm) stratum in concrete, gypsum, anhydrite floor slabs and screeds for field tests. Due to the wide variation of material mixtures and additives used in floor slabs and screeds, this methodology may not be appropriate for all applications. See 1.2 through 1.8 and Section 11. Where appropriate or when specified, use further testing as outlined in Test Methods F1869 or F2170 before installing a resilient floor covering.
1.2 This guide is intended for use to determine if there are moisture-related conditions existing on, or in, the floor slabs that could adversely impact the successful application and performance of resilient flooring products.
1.3 This guide may be used to aid in the diagnosis of failures of installed resilient flooring.
1.4 This guide is intended to be used in conjunction with meter manufacturer’s operation instructions and interpretive data where available.
1.5 Where possible or when results need to be quantified, use this guide to determine where additional testing such as Test Methods F1869 or F2170 as specified to characterize the floor slab and the test area environment for moisture, humidity and temperature conditions.
1.6 This guide may not be suitable for areas that have surface applied moisture migration systems, curing compounds or coatings that cannot be removed or cleaned off sufficiently to allow the moisture to move upwards through the slab. For a floor slab of 6 in. (150 mm) plus thickness, low porosity slabs, slabs with no vapor retarder installed, and slabs where the above surface environmental conditions can have a greater than normal influence on the moisture reduction gradient of the floor slab or screed, consider Test Method F2170 (below surface in situ rh method) as a more suitable test method under these circumstances.
1.7 This guide is not intended to provide quantitative results as a basis for acceptance of a floor for installation of moisture sensitive flooring finishes systems. Test Methods F1869 or F2170 provide quantitative information for determining if moisture levels are within specific limits. Results from this guide do not provide vital information when evaluating thick slabs, slabs without effective vapor retarders directly under the slab, lightweight aggregate concrete floors, and slabs with curing compound or sealers on the surface.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use...
- Guide6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Guide6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides statistical (and graphical) information concerning floor surface profiles.
5.2 Results of this test method are used primarily to:
5.2.1 Establish compliance of randomly trafficked floor surfaces with specified FF Flatness and FL Levelness tolerances,
5.2.2 Evaluate the effect of different construction methods on resulting floor surface flatness and levelness, and
5.2.3 Investigate the curling and deflection of floor surfaces.
5.3 Results of this test method shall not be used to enforce contract flatness and levelness tolerances on those floor installations primarily intended to support the operation of fixed-path vehicle systems (for example, narrow aisle warehouse floors).
Note 1: When the traffic patterns across a floor are random, (as is generally the case) evaluation of the floor’s FF Flatness and FL Levelness will necessarily involve a random sampling of the surface, since all of the infinite potential profiles to be seen by the traffic can not possibly be measured. In those instances when the traffic across a floor will be confined to specific paths, however, the requirement for random sampling is eliminated, since the floor can indeed be inspected exactly as it will be seen by all of the traffic. In these special cases, rather than inferring the condition of the traffic paths from a random sample, it is far more useful to measure each of the traffic paths directly using continuous recording floor profilometer configured to run exactly in the traffic wheel paths. Such direct simulation measurements eliminate the inherent uncertainties of statistical sampling and provide profile information immediately applicable to the correction of the surface in way of the future traffic.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a quantitative method of measuring floor surface profiles to obtain estimates of the floor’s characteristic FF Flatness and FL Levelness Face Floor Profile Numbers (F-Numbers).
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.3 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This practice covers the procedure for determining the acceptability of concrete floors for the installation of resilient flooring. It also includes suggestions for ensuring that the constructed concrete floor is acceptable for such installations but does not cover tests for adequacy of the concrete floor to perform structural requirements. A permanent, effective moisture vapor retarder, of the specified thickness and permeance, is required under all on- or below-grade concrete floors. Concrete floors for resilient floorings should be permanently dry, clean, smooth, structurally sound, and free of substances that may prevent adhesive bonding. Surface cracks, grooves, depression, control joints or other non-moving joints, and other irregularities should be filled or smoothed with latex patching or a recommended underlayment compound. The surface of the floor should be cleaned by scraping, brushing, vacuuming, or any other method. All concrete slabs should be tested for moisture regardless of age or grade level while all concrete floors should be tested for pH before installing resilient flooring.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the acceptability of a concrete floor for the installation of resilient flooring.
1.2 This practice includes suggestions for the construction of a concrete floor to ensure its acceptability for installation of resilient flooring.
1.3 This practice does not cover the adequacy of the concrete floor to perform its structural requirements.
1.4 This practice covers the necessary preparation of concrete floors prior to the installation of resilient flooring.
1.5 This practice does not supersede in any manner the resilient flooring or adhesive manufacturer's written instructions. Consult the individual manufacturer for specific recommendations.
1.6 Although carpet tiles, carpet, wood flooring, coatings, films, and paints are not specifically intended to be included in the category of resilient floor coverings, the procedures included in this practice may be useful for preparing concrete floors to receive such finishes.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 4.1.1, 7.1.1, and 7.1.2 for specific warning statements.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification, materials of construction, workmanship, physical requirements, and methods of testing glass-fiber-reinforced polyester composite wall and ceiling panels intended for use in light construction and semi-structural applications. The panels shall be divided into four classifications based on relative response to the laboratory flammability: Class A; Class B; Class C; and Class D. These classifications may be further subdivided into grades based on nominal thickness when tested: Grade 1; Grade 2; Grade 3; Grade 4; Grade 5; Grade 6; and Grade 7. The polyester resin used in the composite shall be a thermosetting polyester resin with cross-linking monomers composed of polymeric esters in which the recurring ester groups are an integral part of the main polymer chain. The resin shall be reinforced with glass fibers. Conditioning; length and width; squareness; thickness; camber; color; impact resistance; and burning characteristics tests shall be performed to conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the classification, materials of construction, workmanship, physical requirements, and methods of testing glass-fiber-reinforced polyester composite wall and ceiling panels intended for use in light construction and semi-structural applications.
1.2 Supplementary information on chemical resistance, impact resistance, and installation practice are provided in Appendix X1.
1.3 The classification of these composite panels into classes based on relative response to a laboratory test shall not be considered a fire-hazard classification.
1.4 This specification contains laboratory flammability tests (Test Methods E84 and D1929). In this standard flammability tests are used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but do not by themselves incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.5 The intent of this specification is to define the class, grade, and general laminate properties of the composite wall and ceiling liner panels in order to ensure a quality product which will perform in the intended application. This specification is not intended to restrict or limit technological changes affecting performance when changes are agreed upon between the purchaser and manufacturer.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.7 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in Tables and Figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers metal ceiling suspension systems used primarily to support screw-attached gypsum panel products.
1.2 The method of determining strength properties of suspended ceiling grid system components is as follows:
Tests
Sections
Uniform Load Testing
6 – 10
Connection Strength Testing
11 – 15
Wire Pullout Resistance
16 – 20
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound and SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI (metric) units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system of units shall be used independently of the other. Values from the two systems of units shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the thickness of thermal insulating products for impact sound insulation in floating-floor applications.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Transverse Load—The procedures outlined will serve to evaluate the performance of floor and roof segments for deflection, permanent set and ultimate capacity. Performance criteria based on data from these procedures can ensure structural adequacy and effective service.
4.2 Concentrated Load—This concentrated load test shall be used to evaluate surface indentation of structural framing members.
4.3 These procedures will serve to evaluate performance of roof and floor segments under simulated service conditions. Diaphragm shear loading of roof and floor segments shall be evaluated under Test Method E455. Impact loading shall be evaluated under Test Methods E661 or E695.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the following procedures for determining the structural properties of segments of floor and roof constructions:
Section
Test Specimens
5
Loading
6
Deformation Measurements
7
Report
8
Precision and Bias
9
Testing Floors
Transverse Load
10
Concentrated Load
11
Testing Roofs
Transverse Load
12
Concentrated Load
13
1.2 This test method serves to evaluate the performance of floors and roofs panels subjected to (1) Uniform loading, and (2) Concentrated static loading, which represent conditions sustained in the actual performance of the element. The standard is not intended for the evaluation of individual structural framing or supporting members (floor joist, rafters, and trusses), or both.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard is not intended to cover concrete floor slabs.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides statistical and graphical information concerning floor surface profiles.
5.2 Results of this test method are for the purpose of the following:
5.2.1 Establishing compliance of random or fixed-path trafficked floor surfaces with specified tolerances;
5.2.2 Evaluating the effect of different construction methods on the waviness of the resulting floor surface;
5.2.3 Investigating the curling and deflection of concrete floor surfaces;
5.2.4 Establishing, evaluating, and investigating the profile characteristics of other surfaces; and
5.2.5 Establishing, evaluating, and investigating the levelness characteristics of surfaces.
5.3 Application:
5.3.1 Random Traffic—When the traffic patterns across a floor are not fixed, two sets of survey lines approximately equally spaced and at right angles to each other shall be used. The survey lines shall be spaced across the test section to produce lines of approximately equal total length, both parallel to and perpendicular to the longest test section boundary. Limits are specified in 7.2.2 and 7.3.2.
5.3.2 Defined Wheel Path Traffic—For surfaces primarily intended for defined wheel path traffic, only two wheel paths and the initial transverse elevation difference (“side-to-side”) between wheels shall be surveyed.
5.3.3 Time of Measurement—For new concrete floor construction, the elevation measurements shall be made within 72 h of final concrete finishing. For existing structures, measurements shall be taken as appropriate.
5.3.4 Elevation Conformance—Use is restricted to shored, suspended surfaces.
5.3.5 RMS Levelness—Use is unrestricted, except that it is excluded from use with cambered surfaces and unshored, elevated surfaces.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers data collection and analysis procedures to determine surface flatness and levelness by calculating waviness indices for survey lines and surfaces, elevation differences of defined wheel paths, and levelness indices using SI units.
Note 1: This test method is the companion to inch-pound Test Method E1486.
Note 2: This test method was not developed for, and does not apply to clay or concrete paver units.
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method is to provide the user with floor tolerance estimates as follows:
1.1.1.1 Local survey line waviness and overall surface waviness indices for floors based on deviations from the midpoints of imaginary chords as they are moved along a floor elevation profile survey line. End points of the chords are always in contact with the surface. The imaginary chords cut through any points in the concrete surface higher than the chords.
1.1.1.2 Defined wheel path criteria based on transverse and longitudinal elevation differences, change in elevation difference, and root mean square (RMS) elevation difference.
1.1.1.3 Levelness criteria for surfaces characterized by either of the following methods: the conformance of elevation data to the test section elevation data mean; or by the conformance of the RMS slope of each survey line to a specified slope for each survey line.
1.1.2 The averages used throughout these calculations are the root mean squares, RMS (that is, the quadratic means). This test method gives equal importance to humps and dips, measured up (+) and down (−), respectively, from the imaginary chords.
1.1.3 Appendix X1 is a commentary on this test method. Appendix X2 provides a computer program for waviness index calculations based on this test method.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use....
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides statistical and graphical information concerning floor surface profiles.
5.2 Results of this test method are for the purpose of:
5.2.1 Establishing compliance of random or fixed-path trafficked floor surfaces with specified tolerances,
5.2.2 Evaluating the effect of different construction methods on the waviness of the resulting floor surface,
5.2.3 Investigating the curling and deflection of concrete floor surfaces,
5.2.4 Establishing, evaluating, and investigating the profile characteristics of other surfaces, and
5.2.5 Establishing, evaluating, and investigating the levelness characteristics of surfaces.
5.3 Application:
5.3.1 Random Traffic—When the traffic patterns across a floor are not fixed, two sets of survey lines, approximately equally spaced and at right angles to each other, shall be used. The survey lines shall be spaced across the test section to produce lines of approximately equal total length, both parallel to and perpendicular to the longest test section boundary. Limits are specified in 7.2.2 and 7.3.2.
5.3.2 Defined Wheel Path Traffic—For surfaces primarily intended for defined wheel path traffic, only two wheel paths and the initial transverse elevation difference (“side-to-side”) between wheels shall be surveyed.
5.3.3 Time of Measurement—For new concrete floor construction, the elevation measurements shall be made within 72 h of final concrete finishing. For existing structures, measurements shall be taken as appropriate.
5.3.4 Elevation Conformance—Use is restricted to shored, suspended surfaces.
5.3.5 RMS Levelness—Use is unrestricted, except that it is excluded from use with cambered surfaces and unshored, elevated surfaces.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers data collection and analysis procedures to determine surface flatness and levelness by calculating waviness indices for survey lines and surfaces, elevation differences of defined wheel paths, and levelness indices using the inch-pound system of units.
Note 1: This test method is the companion to SI Test Method E1486M; therefore, no SI equivalents are shown in this test method.
Note 2: This test method was not developed for, and does not apply to, clay or concrete paver units.
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method is to provide the user with floor tolerance estimates as follows:
1.1.1.1 Local survey line waviness and overall surface waviness indices for floors based on deviations from the midpoints of imaginary chords as they are moved along a floor elevation profile survey line. End points of the chords are always in contact with the surface. The imaginary chords cut through any points in the concrete surface higher than the chords.
1.1.1.2 Defined wheel path criteria based on transverse and longitudinal elevation differences, change in elevation difference, and root mean square (RMS) elevation difference.
1.1.1.3 Levelness criteria for surfaces characterized by either of the following methods: the conformance of elevation data to the test section elevation data mean or the conformance of the RMS slope of each survey line to a specified slope for each survey line.
1.1.2 The averages used throughout these calculations are RMS (that is, the quadratic means). This test method gives equal importance to humps and dips, measured up (+) and down (−), respectively, from the imaginary chords.
1.1.3 Appendix X1 is a commentary on this test method. Appendix X2 provides a computer program for waviness index calculations based on this test method.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicab...
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This document specifies test methods for determining the slip resistance of surfaces used by pedestrians.
NOTE It is also possible to use this document for measurements where persons might walk on trafficked areas.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Providing speech privacy in open-plan spaces depends upon many factors, the most significant of which are the following: (1) the shadow zone of part-height space dividers and the diffraction of sound from the edges of space dividers; (2) the primary sound reflective properties of the ceiling system; (3) the level of masking sound present in the space; and (4) the distance between speaker and listener. Guide E1374 provides additional detail on the factors contributing to speech privacy in open-plan spaces.
5.2 In this test method the third factor, masking sound, is eliminated and the fourth factor, the distance between speaker and listener, is standardized for all specimen types. For the measurement of ceiling systems, the first factor, the shadow zone, is also standardized for each divider height used. Experience has indicated that results obtained by this test method may not fairly represent the speech privacy that may be achievable with non-flat ceiling systems. For the measurement of furniture panels used as acoustical barriers, the second of these factors, the sound reflectance of the ceiling, is standardized. For the measurement of reflective and absorptive vertical surfaces used as wall finishings or furniture panels, the first and second factors are standardized and all paths between the speaker and listener reflecting only off of the ceiling are eliminated.
5.3 This test method provides standardized techniques to assess the contribution of specific components of an open-plan space. The test method specifies an acoustical testing environment for each component type that isolates its contribution from the contribution of other components, which may in actual open-plan environments contribute significantly to the overall speech privacy.
5.4 The significance of test results obtained by this test method must also be considered with regard to the attainable measurement accuracy. The attainment of speech privacy in the presence of masking sound is cri...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the interzone attenuation for three components of open-plan spaces:
1.1.1 Ceiling systems when used in conjunction with partial-height space dividers. This arrangement is commonly used in offices to achieve speech privacy between work zones in the absence of full-height partitions. This test method is applicable to any ceiling configuration, including, for example, a pattern of sound-reflective panels in an otherwise sound-absorptive ceiling. This test method generally requires use of a fixed space divider height of 1.50 m [5 ft]. In recognition of trends toward alternate divider heights in open office environments, measurements with an alternate divider height may be conducted in accordance with this standard.
1.1.2 Furniture panels used as acoustical barriers in open-plan spaces to provide speech privacy or sound isolation between working positions.
1.1.3 Vertical panels, including wall finishes such as sound-absorbent panels, and furniture panels or screens which may reflect sound. It may not be applicable to such items as window finishes or furniture other than panels if these differ significantly from flat wall panels.
1.1.4 The combination of results from the various components of an open-plan office is beyond the scope of this standard.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.3 Unless otherwise qualified, all dimensions specified in this test method shall be understood to have a tolerance of ±6 mm (±1/4 in.) The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.4 This standa...
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ABSTRACT
This practice covers acoustical ceiling suspension systems and their additional requirements for application in areas subject to light to moderate seismic disturbance such as Uniform Building Code Seismic Zone 2, the BOCA Basic National Building Code where Av is less than 0.20 but greater than 0.10, and the Standard Building Code (SBC) where Av is less than 0.20 but greater than 0.05. This practice also covers areas subject to moderate to severe seismic disturbance such as Uniform Building Code Seismic Zones 3 and 4, the BOCA Basic National Building Code where Av is greater than 0.20, and the SBC where Av is greater than 0.20. The application of this practice is to be determined by local authorities. Current seismic maps published by recognized authorities such as those previously mentioned, as well as related material such as Open File 82-1033 and MS-812 Seismicity Maps, should be consulted. This practice is not intended to stifle research and development of new products or methods which may simplify the application method specified herein. A variation, however, must be substantiated by verifiable engineering data. A ceiling area of 144 ft2 [13m2] or less, surrounded by walls that connect directly to the structure above shall be exempt from this practice.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice is a prescriptive set of installation methods to be used for suspended ceilings and is often used in lieu of designing a separate lateral restraint system. The authority having jurisdiction shall determine the applicability of this practice to local code requirements.
3.2 This practice covers installation of suspended ceiling systems and related components in areas that require resistance to the effects of earthquake motions as defined by ASCE 7 and the International Building Code.
3.3 The practice is broken into two main sections. The first section covers areas with light to moderate earthquake potential (Seismic Design Category C) while the second deals with severe earthquake potential (Seismic Design Category D, E & F).
3.4 This practice includes requirements from multiple sources including previous versions of this practice, CISCA Seismic Recommendations for Direct-hung Acoustical Tile and Lay-in Ceilings, Seismic Zones 0-2 and CISCA Guidelines for Seismic Restraint for Direct Hung Suspended Ceiling Assemblies, Seismic Zones 3 & 4, suspended ceiling requirements from the International Building Code and ASCE 7. The purpose is to combine the requirements from these sources into a single comprehensive document.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the installation of suspended systems for acoustical tile and lay-in panels and their additional requirements for two groups of buildings that are constructed to resist the effects of earthquake motions as defined by ASCE 7 and the International Building Code. These groupings are for Seismic Design Category C and Seismic Design Categories D, E and F.
1.2 The authority having jurisdiction shall determine the applicability of this practice.
1.3 Test Methods E3090/E3090M, Specification C635, and Practice C636 cover suspension systems, their installation, and testing without special regard to seismic lateral restraint needs. They remain applicable and shall be followed when this practice is specified.
1.4 Ceilings less than or equal to 144 ft2 [13.4 m2] and surrounded by walls connected to the structure above are exempt from the requirements of this practice.
1.5 This practice is not intended to stifle research and development of new products or methods. This practice is not intended to prevent the installation of any material or prohibit any design or method of construction not prescribed in this practice, provided that any such alternative has been substantiated by verifiable engineering data or full-scale dynamic testing that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.
1.6 Ceiling areas of 1000 ft2 [92.9 m2] or less shall be exempt from the...
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The test protocol evaluates those complex suspended ceiling systems that cannot be assessed by simple engineering calculations contained in ASCE/SEI 7 and Practice E580/E580M. It is not intended to replace the requirements in ASCE/SEI 7. Suspended ceiling systems are considered nonstructural components of buildings.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods help evaluate the performance of a full-scale suspended ceiling system during a seismic event using a dynamic seismic simulator (shake table).
1.2 These full-scale procedures are not the only available procedures for evaluating the seismic performance of ceiling systems. These tests do not preclude the use of other small-scale or full-scale component or system testing.
1.3 These test methods contain two independent procedures.
1.3.1 Comparative method where the level of performance of an experimental system is compared to that of a control test system under the same set of conditions.
1.3.2 Non-comparative method where a single test is conducted to establish the level of performance of an experimental system.
1.4 These test procedures are valid and useful for all types of suspended ceiling systems.
1.5 The text of this standard uses notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides a standardized installation procedure for ceilings designed and installed as a diaphragm. When installed according to this practice, these ceilings have sufficient strength to resist seismic forces without lateral force bracing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the installation requirements of direct hung suspended t-bar type ceiling systems intended to receive gypsum panel products constructed as flat, single level, surrounded on all sides by a wall, bulk head, or soffit braced to the building structure to resist the effects of earthquake ground motions.
1.2 Ceiling assembly shall not be intended to support live loads.
1.3 This standard addresses ceiling systems with dead loads up to 10 lbs/ft2 (48.8 kg/m2).
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies test methods for determining the slip resistance of surfaces used by pedestrians.
NOTE It is also possible to use this document for measurements where persons might walk on trafficked areas.
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SCOPE
1.1 This terminology consists of terms and definitions pertaining to railing systems and rails for buildings, and in particular, terms related to the standards generated by ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Building Constructions.
1.2 The purpose of this terminology is to provide meanings and explanations of technical terms, written for both the technical expert and the non-expert user.
1.3 This terminology is one of a group of special terminologies subsidiary to the comprehensive Terminology E631.
1.4 Terms are listed in alphabetical sequence. Compound terms appear in the natural spoken order. Where definitions herein are adopted from other sources, they are exact copies. The source is identified at the right margin following the definition and is listed in Section 2.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are intended to provide information from which applicable design and performance data can be derived for the performance of metal railing systems and rails installed and fastened to structural elements of concrete, masonry, wood, and metal as well as related products.
4.2 These test methods may be used to determine whether railing systems comply with requirements of the applicable performance specifications.
4.3 These test methods are intended for use in the buying and selling of railing systems and components according to performance specifications, for use in product development research, for use in quality assurance and manufacturing process control, for use in developing performance standards, and for use in field and laboratory compliance determination. Typical floor-mounted railings are shown in Fig. 1.
FIG. 1 Front Views of Sections of Three Typical Railing Systems
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures to be followed in testing the performance of permanent metal railing systems (guard, stair, and ramp-rail systems), including components such as rails (hand, wall, grab, and transfer rails) and swing gates or other forms of required guardrail opening protection, installed in and for agricultural, assembly, commercial, educational, industrial, institutional, recreational, and residential buildings and other structures, such as towers or elevated platforms.
1.2 These test methods are applicable to such railing systems and rails having major structural components made of metal, with their secondary components, including swing gates or other forms of guardrail opening protection, made of metal or other materials such as wood, plastic, and glass.
1.3 These test methods can be used to determine whether permanent metal railing systems and rails,2 including components, comply with requirements of the applicable performance specifications, such as building codes, or performance standards such as those described in Specification E985, ANSI/ASSE A1264.1, and OSHA 1910.23.
1.4 Specifically, these test methods cover procedures for determining the static strength of metal railing systems, rails and components as structural elements when installed and fastened to concrete, masonry, wood, and metal, as well as related products.
1.5 No consideration is given in these test methods to any possible deterioration of metal railing systems, rails, and connections, resulting from adverse environmental conditions. The performance of special tests covering this aspect may be desirable.
1.6 These test methods are limited to the application of the loads described herein.
1.7 Should computations make it possible to provide the needed information, testing can be employed for verification.
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 11.2.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the product criteria and minimum performance requirements for concrete floor tile (CFT) used as interior and exterior flooring. The units described by this specification are manufactured from cementitious materials, mineral aggregates (normal weight, lightweight, or both), water, and additives that are cast into various textures and shapes, often simulating natural stone, brick, terracotta, saltillo, and others. The standard addresses materials and their manufacture, physical properties, sampling, packaging and package marking, and certification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers concrete floor tile (CFT) for application as interior and exterior flooring. The units described by this specification are manufactured from cementitious materials, mineral aggregates (normal weight, lightweight, or both), water, and additives that are cast into various textures and shapes, often simulating natural stone, brick, terracotta, saltillo, and others.
1.2 This specification is limited to requirements for the physical attributes for the CFT units.
1.3 The use of results from testing installed CFT units that have been removed from use for determining conformance or nonconformance to the requirements of this specification is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The rating increases as the impact sound attenuation of the floor ceiling structure increases. The rating can be used by architects, builders, and specification and code authorities for acoustical design purposes in building constructions.
4.2 The rating strictly only applies to excitation by the standard tapping machine defined in Test Methods E492 and E1007. It does not deal with low frequency sounds below 100 Hz that are typically generated below lightweight joist floors when they are walked on. Nor does it deal with the squeaking, crunching or rattling sounds that can occur in joist construction when elements in the construction are loose and occupants walk on the floor.
4.3 This classification shall only be used with one-third octave band data.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification provides a method for determining a rating that can be used to compare the levels of impact noise generated by a standard tapping machine and transmitted through different floor-ceiling assemblies.
1.2 The name given to the rating is assigned by the test method that invokes this classification.
1.3 This classification is applicable only to one third octave band impact noise data obtained using the standard tapping machine described in Test Methods E492 and E1007.
1.4 Test methods that invoke this classification include:
1.4.1 Test Method E492 – the single-number rating is called impact insulation class (IIC).
1.4.2 Test Method E1007 – the single-number ratings are called apparent impact insulation class (AIIC), impact sound rating (ISR), and normalized impact sound rating (NISR).
1.4.3 Test Method E2179 – the single-number rating is called the change in impact insulation class (ΔIIC).
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Resilient floor covering is made by fusing polymer materials under heat or pressure, or both, in various manufacturing and decorating processes. The polymer material may be compounded with plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, and other ingredients for processability and product performance characteristics. The formulation of the compound can be varied considerably depending on the desired performance characteristics and methods of processing.
4.2 Light stability, which is resistance to discoloration from light, is a basic requirement for functional use.
4.3 This test method provides a means of measuring the amount of color change in flooring products when subjected to accelerated light exposure over a period of time (functional use of the flooring product).
4.4 This test method specifies that a sample is measured by a spectrophotometer and expressed in ΔE* units before and after accelerated light exposure.
Note 2: It is the intent that this test method be used for testing light stability performance properties to be referenced in resilient flooring specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the resistance of resilient floor covering to color change from exposure to light over a specified period of time.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recording walkway surface investigation, evaluation, and incident report data pertaining to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intended to aid individuals or entities in the development of their own special reporting system. It is recognized that a user may use this guide in its entirety or may extract only those segments providing the level of information recommended. Depending on the intended use, a report form may be designed to be used alone or as a supplement to or incorporated within another report form. This guide is not a final report form. It lists items that may be considered for inclusion into a questionnaire, document, or report.
4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the prevention and investigation of slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenomena, such as insurance company loss control specialists, industrial and commercial safety professionals, plant and facilities management personnel, forensic engineers, and research personnel concerned with factor correlation, statistics acquisition, loss control, and cost control.
4.3 This guide provides uniform language appropriate for creating a form for manually recording information regarding pedestrian walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall incidents.
4.4 Recommendations for Reporting—Information specific to site location and case identification is given in 6.2; information specific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; information specific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful in recording and evaluating the conditions of a walkway surface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip, stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.
1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful in investigating, evaluating, and reporting a slip, stumble, trip, slip and fall, stumble and fall, or trip and fall incident.
1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language for reports.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies procedures to determine the impact sound insulation using sound pressure measurements with an impact source operating on a floor or stairs in a building. These procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m3 to 250 m3 in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz. The test results can be used to quantify, assess and compare the impact sound insulation in unfurnished or furnished rooms where the sound field may or may not approximate to a diffuse field.
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This document specifies a laboratory measurement method to determine noise radiated from a floor covering on a standard concrete floor when excited by a standard tapping machine.
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This document specifies the characteristics of individual hardwood boards and pre-assembled hardwood boards with grooves and/or tongues for internal use as flooring. This document covers hardwood boards with or without surface coating.
This document does not cover solid parquet elements. (See Annex C).
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This document specifies a method, derived from the test, for determining the resistance to indentation of wood flooring.
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This document specifies procedures to determine the impact sound insulation using sound pressure measurements with an impact source operating on a floor or stairs in a building. These procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m3 to 250 m3 in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz. The test results can be used to quantify, assess and compare the impact sound insulation in unfurnished or furnished rooms where the sound field may or may not approximate to a diffuse field.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The final appearance of an installed floor depends upon several factors. These include but are not limited to size and squareness in the case of tiles/planks, the quality of joint cut, the quality and preparation of the subfloor and the skill of the installer. Long term appearance of the installed floor is also dependent on but not limited to the ability of the tile/plank to resist shrinkage due to internal stress relief. This test method is used to measure the ability of the floor to retain its original dimensions following exposure to heat, simulating a long service life at reasonable and expected temperatures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the change in linear dimensions of resilient floor tile/plank products after exposure to heat and reconditioning to ambient temperature.
1.2 This test method allows one to also measure curling that can occur after a specimen has been exposed to heat and reconditioned back to ambient temperature.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers resilient stair treads made of rubber and thermoplastic vinyl for interior use. Treads covered by this specification includes the following types, class, and groups: Type TS, Type TP, Type TV, Class 1, Class 2, Group 1, and Group 2. The material requirements for the tread surface design, nosing style, and color are specified. Some typical nosing styles are illustrated. Treads shall meet the specified performance requirements for: (1) hardness, (2) molded stair tread bonding surface, (3) tread backs, (4) resistance to chemicals for short-term exposure, (5) resistance to heat, and (6) resistance to light. The prescribed dimensional requirements includes tread thickness, length, and depth. The sampling methods for the physical property tests are specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers resilient treads made of rubber and vinyl for interior use.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the material and performance characteristics that determine serviceability and recommended applicability of solid vinyl floor tiles intended for use in commercial, light commercial, and residential buildings. Floor tiles shall be classified as Class I for monolithic vinyl tiles, Class II for surface-decorated vinyl tiles, and Class III for printed film vinyl tiles. Furthermore, these classes of tiles shall be subgrouped as Type A for tiles with smooth surfaces, and Type B for those with embossed surfaces. The tiles shall be composed of binder, filler, and pigments compounded with suitable lubricants and processing aids, the composition for all of which shall be dictated by their respective classes. When tested, the tiles shall adhere to the following physical requirements: binder content; dimension including size, thickness, squareness, and dimensional stability; residual indentation; flexibility; resistance to chemicals such as white vinegar, rubbing alcohol, white mineral oil, sodium hydroxide solution, hydrochloric acid solution, sulfuric acid solution, household ammonia solution, household bleach, olive oil, kerozene, unleaded gasoline, and phenol; resistance to heat; and resistance to light.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid vinyl2 floor tiles that are monolithic, surface decorated or printed, and protected by a clear wear layer.
1.2 This type of floor covering is intended for use in commercial, light commercial, and residential buildings. General information and performance characteristics which determine serviceability and recommended use are included in this specification.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended to provide technical information for designers, architects, and installers of CFT units in residential and light commercial construction. This practice does not address installation methods or techniques for floor tile units manufactured from other materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the installation of concrete floor tile (CFT) units for application as exterior and interior flooring. Units described by this practice shall be manufactured to meet the requirements of Specification C1731. This practice is limited to the installation of CFT units.
1.2 This practice covers aspects of installation relating to performance in service.
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies test methods for the determination of natural frequencies, damping, unit point load deflection and acceleration of floors composed of sawn timber, engineered wood products, and mass timber beams or slabs (e.g. cross laminated timber CLT, glued laminated timber GL, nail laminated timber), with or without concrete screeds, as well as for timber-concrete composite floors.
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This document specifies test methods for the determination of natural frequencies, damping, unit point load deflection and acceleration of floors composed of sawn timber, engineered wood products, and mass timber beams or slabs (e.g. cross laminated timber CLT, glued laminated timber GL, nail laminated timber), with or without concrete screeds, as well as for timber-concrete composite floors.
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This document defines rules for extended applications, provides guidance, and, where appropriate, specifies procedures, for variations of certain parameters and factors associated with the design of internal non-loadbearing ceilings constructed of metal faced sandwich panels that have been tested in accordance with EN 1364-2, which could generate a classification in accordance with EN 13501-2.
This document applies to self-supporting, double skin metal faced sandwich panels, which have an insulating core bonded to both facings as defined in EN 14509.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers sheet linoleum floor covering. These floor coverings are intended for use in commercial, light commercial, and residential buildings based on serviceability characteristics. The floor coverings shall be of the following types: Type I; Type II; and Type III. The jute backing shall be firmly bonded to and partially embedded in the linoleum mix. The minimum amount of linoleum cement shall be 30 % when tested. The following test methods shall be performed: overall thickness; static load; resistance to chemicals; resistance to heat; resistance to light; flexibility; static dissipation; and wear surface.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers sheet linoleum floor covering.
1.2 Three types of linoleum floor covering are covered (see Section 4). These floor coverings are intended for use in commercial, light commercial, and residential buildings based on serviceability characteristics. General information and performance characteristics, which determine serviceability and recommended use, are included in this specification.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ISO 9705-1:2016 specifies the test method to evaluate the reaction of wall and ceiling products to fire when installed at the surface of a small room and exposed directly to a specified ignition source. The test represents a fire scenario, which starts under well-ventilated conditions in a corner of a specified room with a single open doorway.
Tests performed in accordance with the method specified in this part of ISO 9705 provide data for the early stages of a fire from ignition up to flashover. The method does not evaluate the fire resistance of products.
The method is not intended to evaluate floor coverings. This method is not suitable for sandwich panel building systems, pipe insulation and façades for which specific ISO standards (i.e. ISO 13784, ISO 20632 and ISO 13785, respectively) are available.
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This part of EN 1364 specifies a method for determining the fire resistance of ceilings, which in themselves possess fire resistance independent of any building element above them. This European Standard is used in conjunction with EN 1363-1.
The method is applicable to ceilings, which are either suspended by hangers or fixed directly to a supporting frame or construction, and to self-supporting ceilings.
Within this test method, the ceiling is exposed to fire, with the exposure being applied either:
a) from below the ceiling, or
b) from above the ceiling to simulate fire within the cavity above the ceiling.
The contribution to fire resistance which a suspended ceiling might provide as a protective membrane to loadbearing elements is determined using the procedure given in EN 13381-1. The fire resistance of loadbearing floors in conjunction with a suspended ceiling can also be assessed by using tests according to EN 1365-2.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended to be used by parties involved in the testing of floors and roofs of structures either in the field or the laboratory. Tests are either proof tests or tests to failure, and are applicable to all construction materials. The practice is not intended for use in routine quality control testing of individual building elements or constructions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers static load testing of floors and low slope roofs (roofs having a slope of less than 1 in 12) under actual or simulated service conditions, and is applicable to typical elements or sections of structures fabricated for test or to actual existing building components. This practice is intended for use in determining the strength and stiffness of elements or sections of floors and roofs of buildings under gravity loads, as well as in checking the design, materials, connections, and the quality of the fabrication of such building constructions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This part of EN 1364 specifies a method for determining the fire resistance of ceilings, which in themselves possess fire resistance independent of any building element above them. This European Standard is used in conjunction with EN 1363-1.
The method is applicable to ceilings, which are either suspended by hangers or fixed directly to a supporting frame or construction, and to self-supporting ceilings.
Within this test method, the ceiling is exposed to fire, with the exposure being applied either:
a) from below the ceiling, or
b) from above the ceiling to simulate fire within the cavity above the ceiling.
The contribution to fire resistance which a suspended ceiling might provide as a protective membrane to loadbearing elements is determined using the procedure given in EN 13381-1. The fire resistance of loadbearing floors in conjunction with a suspended ceiling can also be assessed by using tests according to EN 1365-2.
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This European Standard covers membranes, individual substructure components, substructure kits and suspended ceiling kits intended to be placed on the market. It covers suspended ceilings sold as a complete kit, substructures placed on the market as kits, individual components (products) of such substructures, and membrane components. It includes test methods and methods of assessment, as well as provisions for the evaluation of conformity and for the marking of the products to the requirements of this European Standard.
In the absence of any other European Standard, this European Standard specifies dimensions, tolerances and, where relevant, performance requirements, for commonly available ceiling substructures and membrane components.
This European Standard covers the following characteristics:
- reaction to fire;
- fire resistance (suspended ceiling kits only);
- release and/or content of dangerous substances:
- release of asbestos (content) (suspended ceiling kits and membrane components only);
- release of formaldehyde (suspended ceiling kits and membrane components only);
- other dangerous substances;
- shatter properties (safe breakage)/impact resistance (for suspended ceiling kits and membrane components of brittle materials in suspended ceiling kits only);
- flexural tensile strength;
- load bearing capacity, tolerances and dimensions;
- electrical safety (as adequacy of the product to avoid electrocution from installations that may be part of the assembled ceiling, using electricity, such as ventilation devices and lighting);
- direct airborne sound insulation (suspended ceiling kits only);
- sound absorption (suspended ceiling kits and membrane components only);
- thermal conductivity (suspended ceiling kits and membrane components only);
- susceptibility to the growth of harmful micro-organisms;
- resistance to fixings (relevant for components that are mechanically fixed);
- durability of flexural tensile strength and load bearing capacity against moisture.
This European Standard also covers the following requirements:
- colour and light reflectance;
- installation.
This European Standard does not cover the following:
- ceiling substructures and membrane component covered by other harmonised European Standards, for insitu formed ceilings, covered by other European technical specifications, for which it is the installer, not the component manufacturer, who takes responsibility for ensuring that the complete installed suspended ceiling meets any regulatory requirements to which it is subject;
- stretched ceilings covered by EN 14716;
- ceilings in mobile buildings, caravans and other forms of transportation;
- characteristics needed for special applications, for which additional characteristics other than covered by this European Standard would need to be complied with;
- suspended ceilings intended for uses in ceilings subject to water penetration requirements;
- ceilings used externally where requirements other than covered by this standard would apply (tunnels, canopies, petrol stations, arcades, open sports facilities, car parks, etc.);
- heavy duty suspended ceilings or their supporting construction (e.g. ceilings that can be walked on);
- ceilings made from fire protective boards;
- the performance and health and safety requirements of light fittings and other features that, optionally, are included in the suspended ceiling;
- panels from materials covered in other harmonised European standards already prepared by CEN/TC 241 and CEN/TC 112 (see NOTE 2);
- anchors covered by other European technical specifications.
NOTE 1 These standards have been developed by CEN/TC 241 under the Mandate M/106 “Gypsum products” and by CEN/TC 112 under the Mandate M/113 “Wood-based panels”.
This European Standard also gives certain specifications for the installed suspended ceiling system (see NOTE 1).
NOTE 2 There are two reasons for this:
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This European Standard specifies a method for determining the fire resistance of:
- floor constructions, without cavities or with unventilated cavities;
- roof constructions, with or without cavities (ventilated or unventilated);
- floor and roof constructions incorporating glazing;
with fire exposure from the underside.
This European Standard is used in conjunction with EN 1363-1.
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