ASTM F1694-21
(Guide)Standard Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls
Standard Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recording walkway surface investigation, evaluation, and incident report data pertaining to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intended to aid individuals or entities in the development of their own special reporting system. It is recognized that a user may use this guide in its entirety or may extract only those segments providing the level of information recommended. Depending on the intended use, a report form may be designed to be used alone or as a supplement to or incorporated within another report form. This guide is not a final report form. It lists items that may be considered for inclusion into a questionnaire, document, or report.
4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the prevention and investigation of slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenomena, such as insurance company loss control specialists, industrial and commercial safety professionals, plant and facilities management personnel, forensic engineers, and research personnel concerned with factor correlation, statistics acquisition, loss control, and cost control.
4.3 This guide provides uniform language appropriate for creating a form for manually recording information regarding pedestrian walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall incidents.
4.4 Recommendations for Reporting—Information specific to site location and case identification is given in 6.2; information specific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; information specific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful in recording and evaluating the conditions of a walkway surface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip, stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.
1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful in investigating, evaluating, and reporting a slip, stumble, trip, slip and fall, stumble and fall, or trip and fall incident.
1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language for reports.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 28-Feb-2021
- Technical Committee
- F13 - Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear
- Drafting Committee
- F13.50 - Walkway Surfaces
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2016
- Effective Date
- 15-May-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2012
- Effective Date
- 15-Oct-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2012
- Effective Date
- 15-Mar-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2005
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2005
- Effective Date
- 10-Aug-2003
Overview
ASTM F1694-21 is the Standard Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation, and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls. Developed by ASTM International, this guide supports the creation and improvement of reporting systems used to investigate and prevent pedestrian incidents involving slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. The aim of the standard is to provide uniform language and a comprehensive listing of items for inclusion in incident and evaluation forms, ensuring consistent and thorough data collection.
By following ASTM F1694-21, organizations can enhance their loss prevention programs and meet regulatory compliance by systematically identifying factors contributing to walkway safety incidents.
Key Topics
- Walkway Surface Condition: Recommendations for recording the condition of walkways, including ramps and stairs, at the time of evaluation.
- Incident Documentation: Guidelines on capturing detailed slip, trip, stumble, and fall incident data, including case identification, date and time, weather, and lighting conditions.
- Uniform Terminology: Encouragement to use standardized nomenclature, supporting uniformity across different organizations' reports.
- Surface Testing: Recommendations for documenting slip resistance or friction measurements, including instrument details and contaminant presence.
- Site and Individual Details: Captures details about site location, facility owner, and individuals involved, including their demographics, physical conditions, and activities at the time of the incident.
- Maintenance and Janitorial Practices: Reporting of maintenance routines, janitorial product use, cleaning methods, and compliance with safety standards.
- Safety Measures: Documentation of signage, warnings, lighting levels, handrails, headroom, and potential obstructions.
- Organizational Safety Programs: Emphasis on routine staff training, review of incident trends, and process documentation.
Applications
ASTM F1694-21 delivers practical value to a wide array of sectors concerned with pedestrian walkway safety:
- Insurance and Risk Management: Loss control specialists use standardized data collection for incident investigation, underwriting, and claims processing.
- Facility Safety Professionals: Industrial, commercial, and institutional safety managers employ structured forms for internal investigations, safety audits, and corrective actions.
- Facility Management: Maintenance staff and property managers utilize the guide for consistent evaluation of floor surfaces, maintenance records, and cleaning procedures.
- Forensic Engineering: Experts conducting root cause investigations on slip-and-fall cases rely on thorough, standardized reports to assess contributing factors.
- Legal and Regulatory Compliance: The guide assists in documenting compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), OSHA regulations, and similar codes.
- Research: Academics and industry researchers refer to the uniform language and recommended fields for collecting reliable statistical data on falls and their causes.
- Contractor and Vendor Safety: Third-party janitorial and service providers use the guide to maintain agreed-upon safety standards, which can be contractually required.
Related Standards
ASTM F1694-21 references and aligns with several related ASTM standards and industry guides to provide comprehensive coverage of walkway safety and incident reporting:
- ASTM F1646: Terminology Relating to Walkway Safety and Footwear
- ASTM F2048: Practice for Reporting Slip Resistance Test Results
- ASTM F2508: Practice for Validation, Calibration, and Certification of Walkway Tribometers
- ASTM F1637: Practice for Safe Walking Surfaces
- ASTM D2047: Static Coefficient of Friction Testing for Polish-Coated Floor Surfaces
- ASTM F609, F462, F2913: Methods for measuring slip resistance on various surfaces and materials
- ASTM E1020, E1188: Practices for reporting incidents and the collection of investigation data
By following ASTM F1694-21 and these related documents, organizations can ensure comprehensive, repeatable, and statistically valid incident investigations, supporting data-driven decisions for improving walkway safety and reducing slip, trip, and fall incidents.
Buy Documents
ASTM F1694-21 - Standard Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls
REDLINE ASTM F1694-21 - Standard Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls
Get Certified
Connect with accredited certification bodies for this standard

ICC Evaluation Service
Building products evaluation and certification.

NSF International
Global independent organization facilitating standards development and certification.

QAI Laboratories
Building and construction product testing and certification.
Sponsored listings
Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM F1694-21 is a guide published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recording walkway surface investigation, evaluation, and incident report data pertaining to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intended to aid individuals or entities in the development of their own special reporting system. It is recognized that a user may use this guide in its entirety or may extract only those segments providing the level of information recommended. Depending on the intended use, a report form may be designed to be used alone or as a supplement to or incorporated within another report form. This guide is not a final report form. It lists items that may be considered for inclusion into a questionnaire, document, or report. 4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the prevention and investigation of slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenomena, such as insurance company loss control specialists, industrial and commercial safety professionals, plant and facilities management personnel, forensic engineers, and research personnel concerned with factor correlation, statistics acquisition, loss control, and cost control. 4.3 This guide provides uniform language appropriate for creating a form for manually recording information regarding pedestrian walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall incidents. 4.4 Recommendations for Reporting—Information specific to site location and case identification is given in 6.2; information specific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; information specific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4. SCOPE 1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful in recording and evaluating the conditions of a walkway surface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip, stumble, or trip that may result in a fall. 1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful in investigating, evaluating, and reporting a slip, stumble, trip, slip and fall, stumble and fall, or trip and fall incident. 1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language for reports. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recording walkway surface investigation, evaluation, and incident report data pertaining to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intended to aid individuals or entities in the development of their own special reporting system. It is recognized that a user may use this guide in its entirety or may extract only those segments providing the level of information recommended. Depending on the intended use, a report form may be designed to be used alone or as a supplement to or incorporated within another report form. This guide is not a final report form. It lists items that may be considered for inclusion into a questionnaire, document, or report. 4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the prevention and investigation of slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenomena, such as insurance company loss control specialists, industrial and commercial safety professionals, plant and facilities management personnel, forensic engineers, and research personnel concerned with factor correlation, statistics acquisition, loss control, and cost control. 4.3 This guide provides uniform language appropriate for creating a form for manually recording information regarding pedestrian walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall incidents. 4.4 Recommendations for Reporting—Information specific to site location and case identification is given in 6.2; information specific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; information specific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4. SCOPE 1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful in recording and evaluating the conditions of a walkway surface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip, stumble, or trip that may result in a fall. 1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful in investigating, evaluating, and reporting a slip, stumble, trip, slip and fall, stumble and fall, or trip and fall incident. 1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language for reports. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM F1694-21 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.200 - Accident and disaster control; 91.060.30 - Ceilings. Floors. Stairs. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM F1694-21 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM F2048-00(2017), ASTM F2508-16, ASTM F2508-16e1, ASTM F1646-16, ASTM F2508-15, ASTM F2508-13, ASTM F1646-13, ASTM F2508-12a, ASTM F2508-12, ASTM F1646-12, ASTM F2508-11, ASTM F2048-00(2009), ASTM F1646-05, ASTM F1646-05e1, ASTM F1646-03e1. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM F1694-21 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1694 − 21
Standard Guide for
Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation and
Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F2508 Practice for Validation, Calibration, and Certification
of Walkway Tribometers Using Reference Surfaces
1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful
in recording and evaluating the conditions of a walkway
3. Terminology
surface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip,
3.1 Definitions:
stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.
3.1.1 The standard terms listed in Section 6 shall be used.
1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful
3.1.2 The standard terms listed in Terminology F1646 shall
in investigating, evaluating, and reporting a slip, stumble, trip,
be used when there is no term(s) provided in this guide.
slip and fall, stumble and fall, or trip and fall incident.
1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language
4. Significance and Use
for reports.
4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recording
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
walkway surface investigation, evaluation, and incident report
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
data pertaining to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intended
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
to aid individuals or entities in the development of their own
and are not considered standard.
special reporting system. It is recognized that a user may use
this guide in its entirety or may extract only those segments
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
providing the level of information recommended. Depending
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
on the intended use, a report form may be designed to be used
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
alone or as a supplement to or incorporated within another
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
report form. This guide is not a final report form. It lists items
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
that may be considered for inclusion into a questionnaire,
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- document, or report.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the preven-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tion and investigation of slip, trip, stumble, and fall
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
phenomena, such as insurance company loss control
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
specialists, industrial and commercial safety professionals,
plant and facilities management personnel, forensic engineers,
2. Referenced Documents
and research personnel concerned with factor correlation,
2.1 ASTM Standards: statistics acquisition, loss control, and cost control.
F1646 Terminology Relating to Walkway Safety and Foot-
4.3 This guide provides uniform language appropriate for
wear
creating a form for manually recording information regarding
F2048 Practice for Reporting Slip Resistance Test Results
pedestrian walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall inci-
dents.
4.4 Recommendations for Reporting—Information specific
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 on Pedestrian/
Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee to site location and case identification is given in 6.2; infor-
F13.50 on Walkway Surfaces.
mation specific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; infor-
Current edition approved March 1, 2021. Published April 2021. Originally
mation specific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4.
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F1694 – 14. DOI:
10.1520/F1694-21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 5. Procedure
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1 Preparing Report Form(s)—Consider the recommenda-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tions in 6.1 – 6.3 when preparing a walkway surface evaluation
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1694 − 21
report. Use the recommendations in Section 6 when preparing 6.3.1 Friction Measurement —The investigator determines
slip and fall, stumble and fall, and trip and fall incident reports which measurements are necessary and the walkway tribom-
and reports of near falls. eter(s) used to make the measurements. The choice of whether
to test a walkway surface with a standard test foot, a test foot
directly related to an incident, or a test foot selected for other
6. Report
reasons lies with the investigator. Details of the surface test are
6.1 Form of Report—The report may be in narrative or
recorded in accordance with 6.3.1.1. The details of tests the
coded format. The form may be hard copy or electronic media,
investigator may require for a particular sole material, or a
or the original data may be hard copy and then converted to
particular heel material, with a surface other than the walkway
electronic or computerized format. The form of the report will
under investigation, are recorded according to 6.3.1.2.
be left up to the user.
6.3.1.1 Walkway Surface Friction Measurement—Record
6.1.1 A form may be composed with a simply stated
the identity of the walkway tribometer used to measure the
questionontheform.Possibleresponsesmaybelistedadjacent
walkway friction. Test result details may include the ASTM
to the question, in a supplement, in instructions that the entity
standard for the walkway tribometer or the make and model.
issues regarding the form, or on the reverse side of the form.
Record a description of the surface tested, walkway tribometer
See X1.3 for a sample walkway evaluation report form and
test foot material, friction measurements of the surface clean
X1.4 for a sample incident report form.
and dry, and friction measurements of the contaminated sur-
6.1.2 Photos and diagrams may be useful to illustrate and
face. Record contaminant(s). Refer to Practice F2048 for
explain the information collected.
additional data to be recorded and a sample Test Results
Report.
6.2 Case Identity:
6.3.1.2 Footwear Sole and Heel Friction Measurement—
6.2.1 Date and Time of Report—Enter date as mm/dd/yy,
Record the ASTM standard for the measuring instrument, or
where mm indicates the month, 01 through 12; dd indicates the
otherwise identify the instrument. Record the instrument test
day of the month, 01 through 31; and yy indicates the last two
foot sole material, test surface material, contaminant(s), fric-
digits of the year. Record the time that the evaluation is being
tion measurements of the sole material dry, and friction
made using a 24-h system in the form “hh/mm,” where hh
measurements of the sole material contaminated.
represents the hour of day and mm represents the minutes.
6.3.1.3 Walkway Tribometer Validation Report and Walk-
Examples are 0908 is 8 min after 9 a.m., and 2108 is 8 min
way Tribometer Calibration Report—IncludewiththisIncident
after 9 p.m.
Report. Refer to Practice F2508 for the Walkway Tribometer
6.2.2 Report Type—Walkway evaluation only or walkway
Validation Report and Walkway Tribometer Calibration Re-
evaluation and incident report. An incident report may also
port.
include a walkway evaluation.
6.3.2 Walkway Structure:
6.2.3 Owner Location—Report the company name, mailing
6.3.2.1 Walkway Type—Record one of the following: curb,
address, city, state, mail zip code, country, telephone number,
floor, parking lot, ramp, sidewalk, stair, street, threshold,
and fax machine number.
unpaved ground, or other. Drawings/sketches may be used to
6.2.3.1 Contact Person at Owner Location—Recordthelast
aid in documentation, especially if the walkway type is
name, first name, and middle initial; and telephone number,
complex or comprised of multiple types.
including area code; telephone extension; email address; and
6.3.2.2 WalkwayConstructionMaterial—Includetheareaof
fax machine number.
interest as well as the immediately surrounding areas, since
6.2.4 Site Location—Record the site name, physical
slipsoftenoccurattransitionsfromsurfacesofgreatertolesser
address, city, state, zip code, country and specific location of
slip resistance. Record one of the following standard walkway
the walkway being evaluated.
constructions: surface coatings (acrylic, urethane, or epoxy),
6.2.4.1 Interior or Outdoors—Record as interior or out-
asphalt plank flooring, asphaltic concrete paving, brick, carpet
doors.
sheet, carpet tile, carpet indoor/outdoor type, non-mosaic
6.2.4.2 Contact Person at Site Location—Record the last
ceramic or porcelain tile, ceramic mosaic tile, concrete, con-
name, first name, and middle initial; telephone number, includ-
ductive elastomeric liquid flooring, conductive resilient, con-
ing area code; telephone extension; email address; and fax
ductive terrazzo, cut natural stone tile, earth, elastomeric liquid
machine number.
flooring, epoxy marble chip, flagstone flooring, floor mat,
6.2.5 Person Preparing Report—Record the last name, first fluid-applied resilient, foot grille, granite, granular paving,
name, and middle initial; the individual’s telephone number,
telephone extension, and email address; company name; mail-
Guide F1694-2014 referred to the term “slip resistance.” Guide F1694 has been
ing address, city, state, mail zip code, and country; and
updatedtoreflecttheterminology“friction”usedasthemeasurementofa“walkway
tribometer” as defined in Practice F2508-2016. Section 3.2.4 of Practice F2508
company telephone number.
states that a “walkway tribometer” is “any apparatus used to measure the frictional
6.3 Walkway Evaluation: forces acting at an interface between a walkway surface and shoe material.”
F1694 − 21
crushed stone or cinders, grass, gratings, magnesium 6.3.3.1 Contaminants Present—Record the contamination
oxychloride, marble, mastic fills, metal floor plates, pedestal status at the time of examination: clean, cleaning solution, dirt
flooring, plastic laminate flooring, Portland cement concrete (soil, unidentified), dust, grease, ice, liquid (other than sub-
paving, quarry tile, resilient tile flooring, resilient sheet stances in this listing), oil, overspray, particulate (paper clips,
paper), refuse (food waste), snow, water, residual ice melt or
flooring, resilient flooring static control, resinous, rugs, seam-
less quartz, slip-resistant finishes, slate, steel deck, stone, thin friction product, or other (identify).
brick tile, Portland cement terrazzo, precast terrazzo, conduc-
6.3.3.2 Expected Contaminants—Record the contaminants
tive terrazzo, plastic matrix terrazzo, pressed concrete unit
expected to be present on the walkway surface even though not
flooring, quarry tile, synthetic grass surfacing, vinyl composi-
present when the walkway was examined.
tion tile or vinyl flooring, wood, wood decking, wood block,
6.3.4 Janitorial Practices:
wood composition, wood parquet, wood strip, or other.
6.3.4.1 Manufacturer’s Instructions for Use—Record
6.3.2.3 Surface Texture—Include the area of interest as well
whether the manufacturer’s recommendations are available to
astheimmediatelysurroundingareas,sinceslipsoftenoccurat
the users. Record deviations from the instructions when using
transitions from surfaces of greater to lesser slip resistance.
janitorial products at this location. Specify instances in which
Record whether abrasive, button, or cross-cut grooving; note
the manufacturer’s instructions are not followed.
the direction of grooves in relation to the travel path, texturing,
6.3.4.2 Scrubbers—Record how often squeegees on auto-
or other means intended to render the surface slip resistant;
matic scrubbers are replaced and whether automatic scrubbers
describe smooth, coarse, carpet unidentified surface, carpet
are maintained if/as applicable, so they do not leave a trail of
runner plastic, or carpet runner other than plastic; and describe
water on the floor.
carpet shag, carpet with smooth nap, or carpet with medium
6.3.4.3 Floor Dust—Record whether floor dust is mopped
nap.
immediately after burnishing to remove particulate residue.
6.3.2.4 Walkway Irregularities—Note whether the walkway
6.3.4.4 Products—Record whether the contents of all prod-
is stable, planar, flush, and even. Record the nature of any
ucts used on or in the vicinity of the walkway are known.
irregularities. Examples for carpet condition are as follows:
6.3.4.5 Mats—Record whether walk-off mats are placed
regular, irregular carpet; and raised edge, open seam, torn,
adjacent to outside entrances and wet carpet.
worn, and buckled. Examples for other surfaces are as follows:
6.3.4.6 Rugs and Mats—Recordwhetherrugsandmatshave
broken, even, rough, smooth, uneven.
a slip-resistant backing that is functional, if/as applicable.
6.3.2.5 Walkway Load—Record any known walkway load
Record whether the rug or mat lies flat in the area of intended
support issues based on applicable load requirements. Record
use.Additionally,recordwhethertheedgesareflushandplanar
inawrittenreportcommentsandstipulationssuchasthenature
with the walkway surface (that is, no curling of edges). Also
oftheirregularitiesordeviationsfromapplicablerequirements.
record the length of mat and number of mats used in the path
6.3.2.6 Surface Changes in Elevation—Record whether the
of travel. If possible, measure the vertical change in elevation
walkway includes any changes in elevation (such as stairs, 1
atthematorrugedgetothenearest
⁄32in.Ifapplicable,record
ramps, or other walkway height transitions) and whether such
whether any residual contaminant, normally denoted by
transitions comply with applicable standards/requirements.
footprints, exists on the walkway surface beyond the last mat
Record in a written report standards applying to the walkway
or rug of an entrance. If a door swings over a mat or rug,
and comments and qualifications such as the nature of the
comment if clearance maintained between door bottom and
irregularities or deviations from the requirements.
rug.
6.3.2.7 Handrails/Guardrails—Record whether the location
6.3.4.7 Spray Products—Record whether sprays used in the
complies with the requirements for handrails and guardrails.
vicinity of the floor contain mineral oil, silicone, other
Note applicable requirements such as those in the building
lubricants, or ingredients that may contaminate a walkway
code, those relating to the disabled, such as theAmericans with
surface.
Disabilities Act (ADA) and related regulations, and occupa-
6.3.4.8 Contaminants and Refuse—Record whether spilled
tional safety and health (OSHA) regulations and standards.
contaminants and refuse are required to be cleaned up
Describe the construction of those not in compliance, and note
promptly. Record observed or reported failures to clean residue
how they are deficient. Record whether there is information
promptly.
regardingifthehandrailwasutilizedatthetimeoftheincident.
6.3.4.9 Surface Process—Record whether sealed, polished,
Record the source of this information.
coated, or no surface process. Record the name by brand and
6.3.2.8 Intended Use—Record whether this surface is in-
manufacturer, polish, sealer, wax, ultra high-speed buffing
tended for use as a pedestrian walkway. If this is a multi-use
polish, plastic type polish, or spray buff product.
surface provide details.
6.3.4.10 Cleaning Method—Record the cleaning method as
6.3.2.9 Stairs/Steps Supplemental—If stairs or steps are
mopped, wet mop, dry buff, dry mop, machine washed,
involved record characteristics of step geometry including rise,
shampoo (carpet), spot clean, strip, dusted, or other. Describe
run of step where incident occurred, uniformity of steps in the
prior cleaning methods if different from most recent cleaning
stairway, and slope of stairs; specific location on steps where
methods. Describe other processes specific for wood, terrazzo,
fall occurred; record direction of travel on steps (up or down).
marble, concrete, metal, or other types of walkway material,
6.3.3 Surface Contaminants: if/as applicable.
F1694 − 21
6.3.4.11 Buffıng or High-Speed Burnishing Method— 6.3.7.5 Record the graphics, background color, lettering
Record the brand, model, and revolutions per minute of the color, and description of the signs.
buffing or burnishing machine(s). Record the coarseness/color
6.3.8 Walkway Illumination—Record the illumination level
and manufacturer of the buffing pad. as measured by an appropriate illumination-measuring device
6.3.4.12 Products Used on Floor—Record the brand name, (such as a light meter), device used, and location of illumina-
tion measurement(s) including distance above walkway sur-
manufacturer, and other identifying product information. Note
face. Record the measurements at time and illumination levels
known incompatibilities between products. Such products may
consistent with time of incident.
include stripper, sealer, polish or wax, spray buff product,
general purpose cleaner, cleaner used in automatic scrubber, 6.3.8.1 Record whether the illumination is in compliance
with applicable standards/requirements.
spot cleaning product, aerosol products such as metal cleaners
used in vicinity of the floor (as on door guards), buffing 6.3.8.2 Record whether the illumination causes glare on the
walkway surface.
burnishing machine, buffing pads, dust mop, wet mop, and
other products. The manufacturer’s maintenance instructions 6.3.8.3 Describe if the illumination is distracting or inter-
and walkway friction test reports should be included in this feres with the pedestrian’s ability to see the walkway surface.
Incident Report. 6.3.8.4 Describe if obscuring shadows are cast by pedestri-
ans or other objects on the walking surface, especially at
6.3.4.13 Compliance with Standards—Record which janito-
changes.
rial products are in compliance with the applicable slip
6.3.8.5 Record the source and type(s) of illumination.
resistance or safety standards and which are not in compliance.
Record the standard(s). 6.3.9 Headroom Clearance:
6.3.9.1 Is there minimum headroom clearance of 6 ft 8 in.
6.3.5 Maintenance Records—Record whether there are ser-
(2.03 m)?
vice and maintenance records and whether the maintenance
6.3.9.2 Is a low headroom clearance safely padded?
records are maintained regularly.
6.3.9.3 Is a low headroom clearance marked with safety
6.3.5.1 Record Retention Policy—Summarize the record
contrast color coding?
retention policy. Record whether the required records are
6.3.10 Horizontal Clearance/Obstructions—Describe any
maintained in accordance with the policy.
permanent obstructions (for example, not debris or storage) in
6.3.5.2 Janitorial Products—Record whether a record is
the walkway, such as low shelves, items hanging on the wall
kept for the brand and name of each janitorial product used on
that protrude into walkway, or other construction that limits
the floor.
horizontal clearance. Measure nominal width of walkway;
6.3.5.3 Janitorial Procedures—Record whether a record is
width of walkway at obstruction; length, width and height of
kept of the date and time each maintenance procedure was
obstruction; and vertical distance of obstruction from walkway
performed.
surface.
6.3.5.4 Janitorial Employee—Record whether a record is
6.3.11 Visual Cues/Distractions—Describe the appearance
kept of who performed each service.
of incident area that may make falls less likely or more likely,
6.3.5.5 Incident Reports—Record whether a record is kept
such as contrasting colors or patterns at changes in elevation,
of slip, trip, stumble, and fall incidents.
obstructions and changes in surface slip resistance; accent
6.3.5.6 Time of Service—Record whether a log is kept of the
lighting; appearance of carpet or tile patterns; appearance of
time of service and the kind of service and whether the log is
displays; etc.
maintained in a timely manner.
6.3.12 Changes in Conditions—Describe any known
6.3.6 Safety Program—Record whether there is consider-
changes in conditions or procedures, or repairs made, between
ation of slip and fall issues and appropriate enforcement in the
time of incident and time of walkway evaluation that might
safety program.
affect measured slip resistance, measured illumination level, or
6.3.6.1 Review—Record whether there is a policy for the
answers to any questions above.
review of incident reports for trending or follow-up, or both.
6.4 Incident Report:
6.3.6.2 Training Program—Record whether there is a regu-
6.4.1 Case Types—Define case types as follows: ankle roll,
lar training program for personnel and environmental services
ankle and fall, heel slip, heel slip and fall, toe slip, toe slip and
staff and outside service contractors regarding safety proce-
fall, stumble, stumble and fall, trip, and trip and fall.
dures and slip and fall prevention.
6.4.2 Incident Date—Record the numerical designation of
6.3.7 Signs and Warnings:
mm/dd/yy,wheremmindicatesthemonth;ddindicatestheday
6.3.7.1 Describe whether caution and warning signs are
of the month, 01 through 31; and yy indicates the last two
used at the examination site and are visible from all directions
digits of the year.
of approach.
6.4.3 Incident Time—Record the time that the incident
6.3.7.2 Record whether the warning signs comply with
occurred using a 24-h system in the form “hh/mm,” where hh
applicable standards/requirements.
represents the hour of day and mm represents the minutes.
6.3.7.3 Record whether the warning signs are temporary or
Examples are 0908 is 8 min after 9 a.m., and 2108 is 8 min
permanent.
after 9 p.m. When the incident occurred during employment,
6.3.7.4 Describe other warning methods used and the spe- additionally record the hour of the shift or after the beginning
cific conditions cautioned against. of the workday or the time when required by the individual
F1694 − 21
company policy, using a field length and private alphanumeric 6.4.8.7 Part of Body Affected—Use standard nomenclature
designation, as desired. designated by the entity for whom the report is written.
6.4.3.1 Date/Time Incident Reported—If incident was not
6.4.8.8 Nature of Injury—Use standard nomenclature desig-
reported immediately by the person involved, note date and
nated by the entity for whom the report is written. Examples
time reported, and reason for delay.
might include fracture, contusion, concussion, cut, scrape,
6.4.4 Weather Conditions—Record whether rain, snow, none, etc.
sleet, dry, or not applicable (indoors).
6.4.8.9 Eyesight Devices—Note whether the person was
6.4.4.1 Record as reported for the time of the incident.
wearing eyesight devices, such as corrective eyeglasses, con-
6.4.4.2 Record the weather conditions during the period
tact lenses, sunglasses, or protective glasses. Note the condi-
immediately previous to the incident. tion of the various appliances, including eye protection. Note
6.4.4.3 Record the weather conditions during the 24 h prior whether glasses/contacts are bifocals, for distance or reading,
to the incident. prescription or over-the-counter.
6.4.5 Lighting Conditions:
6.4.8.10 Ambulatory Assistive Devices—Note whether the
6.4.5.1 Natural Outdoor Light—Record whether sunny,
person was using any ambulatory assistive devices at the time
overcast, twilight, night dark, night moonlit, or other at the of the incident, such as crutches, cane, walker, wheelchair,
time of the incident, and describe.
mobility scooter, etc. Describe the device and any deficiencies.
6.4.5.2 Supplemental Light—Describe what lighting fixtures
6.4.8.11 Medication/Substances—Note whether the person
were illuminated at the time of the incident.
was using any medications or other substances at the time of
6.4.6 Number of People Involved—Prepare a separate report
incident and describe them, including name of medication/
using the data listed in 6.4 for each person. A copy of the
substance, prescription or non-prescription, whether comply-
information included in 6.2 and 6.3 may be attached to each
ing with instructions, and suspected impairment by the medi-
report.
cation or recreational drug/alcohol use.
6.4.7 Incident Category—Record whether personal injury,
6.4.8.12 Physical/Behavioral Challenges—Note whether
property damage, personal injury and property damage, or no
person had any physical and/or behavioral challenges at the
personal injury and no property damage.
time of the incident and describe them.
6.4.7.1 Height—Record as a fall on the same level or a fall
6.4.8.13 Medical Treatment/Transportation Provided—Note
from elevation. If a fall from elevation, record the measure-
any medical treatment provided on site, any transportation
ment of fall height.
provided to medical facilities, and names/badge numbers and
6.4.7.2 Personal Injury Severity—Record incident severity
affiliations of individuals involved.
whether a fatality, lost time, or no lost time, or other applicable
6.4.9 Type of Locomotion and Activity Performed at Time of
measure of incident severity.
Incident:
6.4.7.3 Lost Work Time—Record the days lost or hours lost,
6.4.9.1 Gait—Record whether a run, stand, walk, normal,
if/as applicable. Record as work days lost for full days lost and
abnormal (describe), or other (describe).
work hours lost for partial days lost.
6.4.9.2 Activity at Time of Incident—Record whether
6.4.7.4 Property Damage Severity—Describe the damage,
carrying, lifting, lowering, pulling, pushing, standing, or dis-
and estimate the cost of repair or replacement, or both.
tracted(talkingtoacompanion,usingamobilecommunication
6.4.8 Individual Involved in Incident—Record the name:
device, or not looking at the tread surface while moving).
last,first,andmiddleinitial;andrecordtheemployerandhome
6.4.10 Footwear—Record the brand name, style, and model
physical mailing addresses, telephone numbers, and email
designation. Describe the footwear materials that contact the
addresses as applicable.
walkway surface, as described in the following sections.
6.4.8.1 Personnel or Visitor Category—Record whether an
6.4.10.1 Type of Footwear—Record whether athletic,
employee, volunteer, invited visitor, contractor/vendor,
barefoot, protective toe, work >6-in. (152-mm) height, work
customer, inpatient, outpatient, client, trespasser, other
<6-in. (152-mm) height, men’s dress laced, men’s dress
(describe), or unknown.
slip-on,women’sdresslaced,women’sdresspump,slingback,
6.4.8.2 Gender—Record as male or female.
mule,heelheight,overshoes,rubberboots,slippers,sandals,or
6.4.8.3 Date of Birth—Enter a numerical designation of
other.
mm/dd/yy,wheremmindicatesthemonth;ddindicatestheday
6.4.10.2 Fit of Footwear—Record whether good, poor
of the month, 01 through 31; and yy indicates the last two
(describe), or loose.
digits of the year. When the date is not available, leave blank.
6.4.8.4 Age—When the date of birth is not available, record 6.4.10.3 Footwear Condition (Appearance)—Record
as child, teen, adult, aged. If a child, indicate whether they whether new, moderate wear (includes upper surface scuffing),
were under the supervision of a responsible adult.
heavy wear, and describe closure method. Describe if closure
method is improperly secured (such as lace(s) not tied).
6.4.8.5 Employer—If individual involved in incident is not
an employee, record the employer name, mailing address,
6.4.10.4 Heel Material—When the heel contains a lift,
telephone number and fax machine number; and physical
record both the heel material and the lift material. Include a
address, telephone number, and fax machine number.
sketch showing the location of the lift on the heel. Typical heel
6.4.8.6 Result—Record whether recovered or fell. materials may be barefoot, crepe, elastomer, leather,
F1694 − 21
Neolite®, plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), rubber, cleaning solution, dirt (soil, unidentified), dust, grease, ice,
TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane), EVA (ethylene vinyl liquid (other than substances in this listing), oil, overspray,
acetate), or other (describe). The heel may need to be sent to a particulate (paper clips, paper, or food waste), refuse, snow,
firm qualified to test and evaluate its contents. water, or other (identify).
6.4.10.5 Heel Condition—Record whether new, worn rear 6.4.11.3 Type of Last Surface Process Before Incident—
edge, or worn contacting surface (general wear). Describe the last surface process on the walkway as polished,
6.4.10.6 Heel Wearing Surface Texture—Record whether spray buffed, dry mopped, wet mopped, machine scrubbed,
smooth, ribbed, pattern, or other (describe). buffed, high-speed burnished, dust mopped, spot cleaned, or
6.4.10.7 Heel Hardness—Record whether ShoreAor D and other surface process.
the value. 6.4.11.4 Date and Time of Last Surface Process—Record
6.4.10.8 Sole Material—Record whether barefoot, elasto- thedateandtimeofthelastsurfaceprocessbeforetheincident.
mer (unidentified), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), leather, 6.4.12 Summary of Causes of Incident:
Neolite®, other (describe), polyurethane, PVC, rubber, natu- 6.4.12.1 Summary of Contributing Factors—Summarize
ral rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene butadiene significant items from 6.3 and 6.4.
rubber (SBR), thermoplastic rubber (TPR), crepe, or vulca- 6.4.12.2 Cause—State an opinion as to the primary and
nized rubber. secondary causes of the incident.
6.4.10.9 Sole Tread—Record whether ribbed, pattern, or 6.4.13 Witness Information—Record the name(s) of any
smooth. witness(es) to the incident, relationship to the individual
6.4.10.10 SoleHardness—RecordwhetherShoreAorDand involved in the incident (none, friend, relative, etc.), witness’
the value. employer
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1694 − 14 F1694 − 21
Standard Guide for
Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation and
Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful in recording and evaluating the conditions of a walkway surface,
including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip, stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.
1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful in investigating, evaluating, and reporting a slip, stumble, trip, slip
and fall, stumble and fall, or trip and fall incident.
1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language for reports.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1646 Terminology Relating to Walkway Safety and Footwear
F2048 Practice for Reporting Slip Resistance Test Results
F2508 Practice for Validation, Calibration, and Certification of Walkway Tribometers Using Reference Surfaces
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 The standard terms listed in Section 6 shall be used.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 on Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F13.50 on
Walkway Surfaces.
Current edition approved July 1, 2014March 1, 2021. Published September 2014April 2021. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20092014
as F1694 – 09.F1694 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/F1694-14.10.1520/F1694-21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1694 − 21
3.1.2 The standard terms listed in Terminology F1646 shall be used when there is no term(s) provided in this guide.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recording walkway surface investigation, evaluation, and incident report data
pertaining to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intended to aid individuals or entities in the development of their own special
reporting system. It is recognized that a user may use this guide in its entirety or may extract only those segments providing the
level of information recommended. Depending on the intended use, a report form may be designed to be used alone or as a
supplement to or incorporated within another report form. This guide is not a final report form. It lists items that may be considered
for inclusion into a questionnaire, document, or report.
4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the prevention and investigation of slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenomena, such
as insurance company loss control specialists, industrial and commercial safety professionals, plant and facilities management
personnel, forensic engineers, and research personnel concerned with factor correlation, statistics acquisition, loss control, and cost
control.
4.3 This guide provides uniform language appropriate for creating a form for manually recording information regarding pedestrian
walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall incidents.
4.4 Recommendations for Reporting—Information specific to site location and case identification is given in 6.2; information
specific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; information specific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4.
5. Procedure
5.1 Preparing Report Form(s)—Consider the recommendations in 6.1 – 6.3 when preparing a walkway surface evaluation report.
Use the recommendations in Section 6 when preparing slip and fall, stumble and fall, and trip and fall incident reports and reports
of near falls.
6. Report
6.1 Form of Report—The report may be in narrative or coded format. The form may be hard copy or electronic media, or the
original data may be hard copy and then converted to electronic or computerized format. The form of the report will be left up
to the user.
6.1.1 A form may be composed with a simply stated question on the form. Possible responses may be listed adjacent to the
question, in a supplement, in instructions that the entity issues regarding the form, or on the reverse side of the form. See X1.3
for a sample walkway evaluation report form and X1.4 for a sample incident report form.
6.1.2 Photos and diagrams may be useful to illustrate and explain the information collected.
6.2 Case Identity:
6.2.1 Date and Time of Report—Enter date as mm/dd/yy, where mm indicates the month, 01 through 12; dd indicates the day of
the month, 01 through 31; and yy indicates the last two digits of the year. Record the time that the evaluation is being made using
a 24-h system in the form “hh/mm,” where hh represents the hour of day and mm represents the minutes. Examples are 0908 is
8 min after 9 a.m., and 2108 is 8 min after 9 p.m.
6.2.2 Report Type—Walkway evaluation only or walkway evaluation and incident report. An incident report may also include a
walkway evaluation.
6.2.3 Owner Location—Report the company name, mailing address, city, state, mail zip code, country, telephone number, and fax
machine number.
6.2.3.1 Contact Person at Owner Location— Record the last name, first name, and middle initial; and telephone number, including
area code; telephone extension; email address; and fax machine number.
F1694 − 21
6.2.4 Site Location—Record the site name, physical address, city, state, zip code, country and specific location of the walkway
being evaluated.
6.2.4.1 Interior or Outdoors—Record as interior or outdoors.
6.2.4.2 Contact Person at Site Location—Record the last name, first name, and middle initial; telephone number, including area
code; telephone extension; email address; and fax machine number.
6.2.5 Person Preparing Report—Record the last name, first name, and middle initial; the individual’s telephone number, telephone
extension, and email address; company name; mailing address, city, state, mail zip code, and country; and company telephone
number.
6.3 Walkway Evaluation:
6.3.1 Slip Resistance Friction Measurement Measurement——The investigator determines which measurements are necessary
and the instrument(s) walkway tribometer(s) used to make the measurements. The choice of whether to test a walkway surface with
a standard test foot, a test foot directly related to an incident, or a test foot selected for other reasons lies with the investigator.
Details of the surface test are recorded in accordance with 6.3.1.1. The details of tests the investigator may require for a particular
sole material, or a particular heel material, with a surface other than the walkway under investigation, are recorded according to
6.3.1.2.
6.3.1.1 Walkway Surface Slip Resistance—Friction Measurement—Record the identity of the instrument walkway tribometer used
to measure the surface slip resistance. walkway friction. Test result details may include the ASTM standard for the instrument
walkway tribometer or the make and model. Record a description of the surface tested, instrument walkway tribometer test foot
material, slip resistancefriction measurements of the surface clean and dry, and slip resistance of surface contaminated. friction
measurements of the contaminated surface. Record contaminant(s). Refer to Practice F2048 for additional data to be recorded and
a Sample Slip Resistance sample Test Results Report.
6.3.1.2 Footwear Sole and Heel Slip Resistance—Friction Measurement—Record the ASTM standard for the measuring
instrument, or otherwise identify the instrument. Record the instrument test foot sole material, test surface material, contaminant(s),
slip resistancefriction measurements of the sole material dry, and slip resistancefriction measurements of the sole material
contaminated.
6.3.1.3 Walkway Tribometer Validation Report and Walkway Tribometer Calibration Report—Include with this Incident Report.
Refer to Practice F2508 for the Walkway Tribometer Validation Report and Walkway Tribometer Calibration Report.
6.3.2 Walkway Structure:
6.3.2.1 Walkway Type—Record one of the following: curb, floor, parking lot, ramp, sidewalk, stair, street, threshold, unpaved
ground, or other. Drawings/sketches may be used to aid in documentation, especially if the walkway type is complex or comprised
of multiple types.
6.3.2.2 Walkway Construction Material—Include the area of interest as well as the immediately surrounding areas, since slips
often occur at transitions from surfaces of greater to lesser slip resistance. Record one of the following standard walkway
constructions: surface coatings (acrylic, urethane, or epoxy), asphalt plank flooring, asphaltic concrete paving, brick, carpet sheet,
carpet tile, carpet indoor/outdoor type, non-mosaic ceramic or porcelain tile, ceramic mosaic tile, concrete, conductive elastomeric
liquid flooring, conductive resilient, conductive terrazzo, cut natural stone tile, earth, elastomeric liquid flooring, epoxy marble
chip, flagstone flooring, floor mat, fluid-applied resilient, foot grille, granite, granular paving, crushed stone or cinders, grass,
gratings, magnesium oxychloride, marble, mastic fills, metal floor plates, pedestal flooring, plastic laminate flooring, Portland
cement concrete paving, quarry tile, resilient tile flooring, resilient sheet flooring, resilient flooring static control, resinous, rugs,
seamless quartz, slip-resistant finishes, slate, steel deck, stone, thin brick tile, Portland cement terrazzo, precast terrazzo,
conductive terrazzo, plastic matrix terrazzo, pressed concrete unit flooring, quarry tile, synthetic grass surfacing, vinyl composition
tile or vinyl flooring, wood, wood decking, wood block, wood composition, wood parquet, wood strip, or other.
Guide F1694-2014 referred to the term “slip resistance.” Guide F1694 has been updated to reflect the terminology “friction” used as the measurement of a “walkway
tribometer” as defined in Practice F2508-2016. Section 3.2.4 of Practice F2508 states that a “walkway tribometer” is “any apparatus used to measure the frictional forces
acting at an interface between a walkway surface and shoe material.”
F1694 − 21
6.3.2.3 Surface Texture—Include the area of interest as well as the immediately surrounding areas, since slips often occur at
transitions from surfaces of greater to lesser slip resistance. Record whether abrasive, button, or cross-cut grooving; note the
direction of grooves in relation to the travel path, texturing, or other means intended to render the surface slip resistant; describe
smooth, coarse, carpet unidentified surface, carpet runner plastic, or carpet runner other than plastic; and describe carpet shag,
carpet with smooth nap, or carpet with medium nap.
6.3.2.4 Walkway Irregularities—Note whether the walkway is stable, planar, flush, and even. Record the nature of any
irregularities. Examples for carpet condition are as follows: regular, irregular carpet; and raised edge, open seam, torn, worn, and
buckled. Examples for other surfaces are as follows: broken, even, rough, smooth, uneven.
6.3.2.5 Walkway Load—Record any known walkway load support issues based on applicable load requirements. Record in a
written report comments and stipulations such as the nature of the irregularities or deviations from applicable requirements.
6.3.2.6 Surface Changes in Elevation—Record whether the walkway includes any changes in elevation (such as stairs, ramps, or
other walkway height transitions) and whether such transitions comply with applicable standards/requirements. Record in a written
report standards applying to the walkway and comments and qualifications such as the nature of the irregularities or deviations
from the requirements.
6.3.2.7 Handrails/Guardrails—Record whether the location complies with the requirements for handrails and guardrails. Note
applicable requirements such as those in the building code, those relating to the disabled, such as the Americans with Disabilities
Act (ADA) and related regulations, and occupational safety and health (OSHA) regulations and standards. Describe the
construction of those not in compliance, and note how they are deficient. Record whether there is information regarding if the
handrail was utilized at the time of the incident. Record the source of this information.
6.3.2.8 Intended Use—Record whether this surface is intended for use as a pedestrian walkway. If this is a multi-use surface
provide details.
6.3.2.9 Stairs/Steps Supplemental—If stairs or steps are involved record characteristics of step geometry including rise, run of step
where incident occurred, uniformity of steps in the stairway, and slope of stairs; specific location on steps where fall occurred;
record direction of travel on steps (up or down).
6.3.3 Surface Contaminants:
6.3.3.1 Contaminants Present—Record the contamination status at the time of examination: clean, cleaning solution, dirt (soil,
unidentified), dust, grease, ice, liquid (other than substances in this listing), oil, overspray, particulate (paper clips, paper), refuse
(food waste), snow, water, residual ice melt or friction product, or other (identify).
6.3.3.2 Expected Contaminants—Record the contaminants expected to be present on the walkway surface even though not present
when the walkway was examined.
6.3.4 Janitorial Practices:
6.3.4.1 Manufacturer’s Instructions for Use—Record whether the manufacturer’s recommendations are available to the users.
Record deviations from the instructions when using janitorial products at this location. Specify instances in which the
manufacturer’s instructions are not followed.
6.3.4.2 Scrubbers—Record how often squeegees on automatic scrubbers are replaced and whether automatic scrubbers are
maintained if/as applicable, so they do not leave a trail of water on the floor.
6.3.4.3 Floor Dust—Record whether floor dust is mopped immediately after burnishing to remove particulate residue.
6.3.4.4 Products—Record whether the contents of all products used on or in the vicinity of the walkway are known.
6.3.4.5 Mats—Record whether walk-off mats are placed adjacent to outside entrances and wet carpet.
6.3.4.6 Rugs and Mats—Record whether rugs and mats have a slip-resistant backing that is functional, if/as applicable. Record
whether the rug or mat lies flat in the area of intended use. Additionally, record whether the edges are flush and planar with the
F1694 − 21
walkway surface (that is, no curling of edges). Also record the length of mat and number of mats used in the path of travel. If
possible, measure the vertical change in elevation at the mat or rug edge to the nearest ⁄32 in. If applicable, record whether any
residual contaminant, normally denoted by footprints, exists on the walkway surface beyond the last mat or rug of an entrance.
If a door swings over a mat or rug, comment if clearance maintained between door bottom and rug.
6.3.4.7 Spray Products—Record whether sprays used in the vicinity of the floor contain mineral oil, silicone, other lubricants, or
ingredients that may contaminate a walkway surface.
6.3.4.8 Contaminants and Refuse—Record whether spilled contaminants and refuse are required to be cleaned up promptly.
Record observed or reported failures to clean residue promptly.
6.3.4.9 Surface Process—Record whether sealed, polished, coated, or no surface process. Record the name by brand and
manufacturer, polish, sealer, wax, ultra high-speed buffing polish, plastic type polish, or spray buff product.
6.3.4.10 Cleaning Method—Record the cleaning method as mopped, wet mop, dry buff, dry mop, machine washed, shampoo
(carpet), spot clean, strip, dusted, or other. Describe prior cleaning methods if different from most recent cleaning methods.
Describe other processes specific for wood, terrazzo, marble, concrete, metal, or other types of walkway material, if/as applicable.
6.3.4.11 Buffıng or High-Speed Burnishing Method—Record the brand, model, and revolutions per minute of the buffing or
burnishing machine(s). Record the coarseness/color and manufacturer of the buffing pad.
6.3.4.12 Products Used on Floor—Record the brand name, manufacturer, and other identifying product information. Note known
incompatibilities between products. Such products may include stripper, sealer, polish or wax, spray buff product, general purpose
cleaner, cleaner used in automatic scrubber, spot cleaning product, aerosol products such as metal cleaners used in vicinity of the
floor (as on door guards), buffing burnishing machine, buffing pads, dust mop, wet mop, and other products. The manufacturer’s
maintenance instructions and walkway friction test reports should be included in this Incident Report.
6.3.4.13 Compliance with Standards—Record which janitorial products are in compliance with the applicable slip resistance or
safety standards and which are not in compliance. Record the standard(s).
6.3.5 Maintenance Records—Record whether there are service and maintenance records and whether the maintenance records are
maintained regularly.
6.3.5.1 Record Retention Policy—Summarize the record retention policy. Record whether the required records are maintained in
accordance with the policy.
6.3.5.2 Janitorial Products—Record whether a record is kept for the brand and name of each janitorial product used on the floor.
6.3.5.3 Janitorial Procedures—Record whether a record is kept of the date and time each maintenance procedure was performed.
6.3.5.4 Janitorial Employee—Record whether a record is kept of who performed each service.
6.3.5.5 Incident Reports—Record whether a record is kept of slip, trip, stumble, and fall incidents.
6.3.5.6 Time of Service—Record whether a log is kept of the time of service and the kind of service and whether the log is
maintained in a timely manner.
6.3.6 Safety Program—Record whether there is consideration of slip and fall issues and appropriate enforcement in the safety
program.
6.3.6.1 Review—Record whether there is a policy for the review of incident reports for trending or follow-up, or both.
6.3.6.2 Training Program—Record whether there is a regular training program for personnel and environmental services staff and
outside service contractors regarding safety procedures and slip and fall prevention.
6.3.7 Signs and Warnings:
F1694 − 21
6.3.7.1 Describe whether caution and warning signs are used at the examination site and are visible from all directions of
approach.
6.3.7.2 Record whether the warning signs comply with applicable standards/requirements.
6.3.7.3 Record whether the warning signs are temporary or permanent.
6.3.7.4 Describe other warning methods used and the specific conditions cautioned against.
6.3.7.5 Record the graphics, background color, lettering color, and description of the signs.
6.3.8 Walkway Illumination—Record the illumination level as measured by an appropriate illumination-measuring device (such as
a light meter), device used, and location of illumination measurement(s) including distance above walkway surface. Record the
measurements at time and illumination levels consistent with time of incident.
6.3.8.1 Record whether the illumination is in compliance with applicable standards/requirements.
6.3.8.2 Record whether the illumination causes glare on the walkway surface.
6.3.8.3 Describe if the illumination is distracting or interferes with the pedestrian’s ability to see the walkway surface.
6.3.8.4 Describe if obscuring shadows are cast by pedestrians or other objects on the walking surface, especially at changes.
6.3.8.5 Record the source and type(s) of illumination.
6.3.9 Headroom Clearance:
6.3.9.1 Is there minimum headroom clearance of 6 ft 8 in. (2.03 m)?
6.3.9.2 Is a low headroom clearance safely padded?
6.3.9.3 Is a low headroom clearance marked with safety contrast color coding?
6.3.10 Horizontal Clearance/Obstructions—Describe any permanent obstructions (for example, not debris or storage) in the
walkway, such as low shelves, items hanging on the wall that protrude into walkway, or other construction that limits horizontal
clearance. Measure nominal width of walkway; width of walkway at obstruction; length, width and height of obstruction; and
vertical distance of obstruction from walkway surface.
6.3.11 Visual Cues/Distractions—Describe the appearance of incident area that may make falls less likely or more likely, such as
contrasting colors or patterns at changes in elevation, obstructions and changes in surface slip resistance; accent lighting;
appearance of carpet or tile patterns; appearance of displays; etc.
6.3.12 Changes in Conditions—Describe any known changes in conditions or procedures, or repairs made, between time of
incident and time of walkway evaluation that might affect measured slip resistance, measured illumination level, or answers to any
questions above.
6.4 Incident Report:
6.4.1 Case Types—Define case types as follows: ankle roll, ankle and fall, heel slip, heel slip and fall, toe slip, toe slip and fall,
stumble, stumble and fall, trip, and trip and fall.
6.4.2 Incident Date—Record the numerical designation of mm/dd/yy, where mm indicates the month; dd indicates the day of the
month, 01 through 31; and yy indicates the last two digits of the year.
6.4.3 Incident Time—Record the time that the incident occurred using a 24-h system in the form “hh/mm,” where hh represents
the hour of day and mm represents the minutes. Examples are 0908 is 8 min after 9 a.m., and 2108 is 8 min after 9 p.m. When
F1694 − 21
the incident occurred during employment, additionally record the hour of the shift or after the beginning of the workday or the time
when required by the individual company policy, using a field length and private alphanumeric designation, as desired.
6.4.3.1 Date/Time Incident Reported—If incident was not reported immediately by the person involved, note date and time
reported, and reason for delay.
6.4.4 Weather Conditions—Record whether rain, snow, sleet, dry, or not applicable (indoors).
6.4.4.1 Record as reported for the time of the incident.
6.4.4.2 Record the weather conditions during the period immediately previous to the incident.
6.4.4.3 Record the weather conditions during the 24 h prior to the incident.
6.4.5 Lighting Conditions:
6.4.5.1 Natural Outdoor Light—Record whether sunny, overcast, twilight, night dark, night moonlit, or other at the time of the
incident, and describe.
6.4.5.2 Supplemental Light—Describe what lighting fixtures were illuminated at the time of the incident.
6.4.6 Number of People Involved—Prepare a separate report using the data listed in 6.4 for each person. A copy of the information
included in 6.2 and 6.3 may be attached to each report.
6.4.7 Incident Category—Record whether personal injury, property damage, personal injury and property damage, or no personal
injury and no property damage.
6.4.7.1 Height—Record as a fall on the same level or a fall from elevation. If a fall from elevation, record the measurement of
fall height.
6.4.7.2 Personal Injury Severity—Record incident severity whether a fatality, lost time, or no lost time, or other applicable
measure of incident severity.
6.4.7.3 Lost Work Time—Record the days lost or hours lost, if/as applicable. Record as work days lost for full days lost and work
hours lost for partial days lost.
6.4.7.4 Property Damage Severity—Describe the damage, and estimate the cost of repair or replacement, or both.
6.4.8 Individual Involved in Incident—Record the name: last, first, and middle initial; and record the employer and home physical
mailing addresses, telephone numbers, and email addresses as applicable.
6.4.8.1 Personnel or Visitor Category—Record whether an employee, volunteer, invited visitor, contractor/vendor, customer,
inpatient, outpatient, client, trespasser, other (describe), or unknown.
6.4.8.2 Gender—Record as male or female.
6.4.8.3 Date of Birth—Enter a numerical designation of mm/dd/yy, where mm indicates the month; dd indicates the day of the
month, 01 through 31; and yy indicates the last two digits of the year. When the date is not available, leave blank.
6.4.8.4 Age—When the date of birth is not available, record as child, teen, adult, aged. If a child, indicate whether they were under
the supervision of a responsible adult.
6.4.8.5 Employer—If individual involved in incident is not an employee, record the employer name, mailing address, telephone
number and fax machine number; and physical address, telephone number, and fax machine number.
6.4.8.6 Result—Record whether recovered or fell.
6.4.8.7 Part of Body Affected—Use standard nomenclature designated by the entity for whom the report is written.
F1694 − 21
6.4.8.8 Nature of Injury—Use standard nomenclature designated by the entity for whom the report is written. Examples might
include fracture, contusion, concussion, cut, scrape, none, etc.
6.4.8.9 Eyesight Devices—Note whether the person was wearing eyesight devices, such as corrective eyeglasses, contact lenses,
sunglasses, or protective glasses. Note the condition of the various appliances, including eye protection. Note whether
glasses/contacts are bifocals, for distance or reading, prescription or over-the-counter.
6.4.8.10 Ambulatory Assistive Devices—Note whether the person was using any ambulatory assistive devices at the time of the
incident, such as crutches, cane, walker, wheelchair, mobility scooter, etc. Describe the device and any deficiencies.
6.4.8.11 Medication/Substances—Note whether the person was using any medications or other substances at the time of incident
and describe them, including name of medication/substance, prescription or non-prescription, whether complying with instructions,
and suspected impairment by the medication or recreational drug/alcohol use.
6.4.8.12 Physical/Behavioral Challenges—Note whether person had any physical and/or behavioral challenges at the time of the
incident and describe them.
6.4.8.13 Medical Treatment/Transportation Provided—Note any medical treatment provided on site, any transportation provided
to medical facilities, and names/badge numbers and affiliations of individuals involved.
6.4.9 Type of Locomotion and Activity Performed at Time of Incident:
6.4.9.1 Gait—Record whether a run, stand, walk, normal, abnormal (describe), or other (describe).
6.4.9.2 Activity at Time of Incident—Record whether carrying, lifting, lowering, pulling, pushing, standing, or distracted (talking
to a companion, using a mobile communication device, or not looking at the tread surface while moving).
6.4.10 Footwear—Record the brand name, style, and model designation. Describe the footwear materials that contact the walkway
surface, as described in the following sections.
6.4.10.1 Type of Footwear—Record whether athletic, barefoot, protective toe, work >6-in. (152-mm) height, work <6-in.
(152-mm) height, men’s dress laced, men’s dress slip-on, women’s dress laced, women’s dress pump, sling back, mule, heel
height, overshoes, rubber boots, slippers, sandals, or other.
6.4.10.2 Fit of Footwear—Record whether good, poor (describe), or loose.
6.4.10.3 Footwear Condition (Appearance)—Record whether new, moderate wear (includes upper surface scuffing), heavy wear,
and describe closure method. Describe if closure method is improperly secured (such as lace(s) not tied).
6.4.10.4 Heel Material—When the heel contains a lift, record both the heel material and the lift material. Include a sketch showing
the location of the lift on the heel. Typical heel materials may be barefoot, crepe, elastomer, leather, Neolite®, plasticized
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), rubber, TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane), EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate), or other (describe). The heel
may need to be sent to a firm qualified to test and evaluate its contents.
6.4.10.5 Heel Condition—Record whether new, worn rear edge, or worn contacting surface (general wear).
6.4.10.6 Heel Wearing Surface Texture—Record whether smooth, ribbed, pattern, or other (describe).
6.4.10.7 Heel Hardness—Record whether Shore A or D and the value.
6.4.10.8 Sole Material—Record whether barefoot, elastomer (unidentified), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), leather, Neolite®, other
(describe), polyurethane, PVC, rubber, natural rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR),
thermoplastic rubber (TPR), crepe, or vulcanized rubber.
6.4.10.9 Sole Tread—Record whether ribbed, pattern, or smooth.
Neolite® is a registered trademark of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Shoe Product Division, 24 Hampshire Dr., Hudson, NH 03051.
F1694 − 21
6.4.10.10 Sole Hardness—Record whether Shore A or D and the value.
6.4.10.11 Defects—Record whether loose sole, missing heel, missing heel lift, strap broken, and other defects.
6.4.10.12 Other Shoe Inserts or Modifications—Describe and note condition, such as cushions, heel wedges, arch supports, etc.
Note whether over-the-counter or professionally fitted.
6.4.11 Contaminants at Time of Incident and Last Surface Process:
6.4.11.1 Shoe Surface Contaminants—Record whether the shoe(s) are contaminated by dust, grease, oil, water, particulate, soil,
or other shoe contaminants. Include contaminants tracked in from another location(s) and that are not necessarily the contaminants
that may be present on the walkway surface.
6.4.11.2 Walkway Surface Contaminants—List the contaminants present at the time of the incident, whether clean, cleaning
solution, dirt (soil, unidentified), dust, grease, ice, liquid (other than substances in this listing), oil, overspray, particulate (paper
clips, paper, or food waste), refuse, snow, water, or other (identify).
6.4.11.3 Type of Last Surface Process Before Incident—Describe the last surface process on the walkway as polished, spray buffed,
dry mopped, wet mopped, machine scrubbed, buffed, high-speed burnished, dust mopped, spot cleaned, or other surface process.
6.4.11.4 Date and Time of Last Surface Process—Record the date and time of the last surface process before the incident.
6.4.12 Summary of Causes of Incident:
6.4.12.1 Summary of Contributing Factors—Summarize significant items from 6.3 and 6.4.
6.4.12.2 Cause—State an opinion as to the primary and secondary causes of the incident.
6.4.13 Witness Information—Record the name(s) of any witness(es) to the inci
...








Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...