AKU - Acoustics

2021-04-15 HD: Through Decision BT C067/2021, BT approved revised Annex ZA after Formal Vote

This document specifies test requirements for the laboratory measurement of the sound insulation of
building elements and products, including detailed requirements for the preparation and mounting of
the test elements, and for the operating and test conditions. It also specifies the applicable quantities,
and provides additional test information for reporting.
The general procedures for airborne and impact sound insulation measurements are given in
ISO 10140-2 and ISO 10140-3, respectively.

This document specifies laboratory test facilities and equipment for sound insulation measurements of
building elements, such as:
— components and materials;
— building elements;
— technical elements (small building elements);
— sound insulation improvement systems.
It is applicable to laboratory test facilities with suppressed radiation from flanking elements and
structural isolation between source and receiving rooms.
This document specifies qualification procedures for use when commissioning a new test facility
with equipment for sound insulation measurements. It is intended that these procedures be repeated
periodically to ensure that there are no issues with the equipment and the test facility.

This document specifies the basic measurement procedures for airborne and impact sound insulation
of building elements in laboratory test facilities.

This document specifies basic framework measurement methods for sound immission from sound
sources placed close to the ear. These measurements are carried out with a manikin, equipped
with ear simulators including microphones. The measured values are subsequently converted into
corresponding free-field or diffuse-field levels. The results are given as free-field related or diffusefield
related equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure levels. The technique is denoted the
manikin technique.
This document is applicable to exposure to sound from sources close to the ear, for example during
equipment tests or at the workplace to sound from earphones or hearing protectors with audio
communication facilities.
This document is applicable in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 10 kHz. For frequencies above 10 kHz,
ISO 11904-1 can be used.

This document
a) defines single-number quantities for impact sound insulation in buildings and of floors,
b) gives rules for determining these quantities from the results of measurements carried out in
one-third-octave bands in accordance with ISO 10140-3 and ISO 16283-2, and in octave bands in
accordance with that option in ISO 16283-2 for field measurements only,
c) defines single-number quantities for the impact sound reduction of floor coverings and floating
floors calculated from the results of measurements carried out in accordance with ISO 10140-3, and
d) specifies a procedure for evaluating the weighted reduction in impact sound pressure level by floor
coverings on lightweight floors.
The single-number quantities in accordance with this document are intended for rating impact
sound insulation and for simplifying the formulation of acoustical requirements in building codes. An
additional single-number evaluation in steps of 0,1 dB is indicated where it is needed for the expression
of uncertainty (except for spectrum adaptation terms). Numerical values of the single-number
quantities are specified where required for calculations.
The rating of measurements over an enlarged frequency range is given in Annex A.
A method for obtaining single-number quantities for bare heavy floors according to their performance
in combination with floor coverings is given in Annex B.
Example calculations of single-number quantities are given in Annex C.
The rating of measurements with a heavy and soft impact source (rubber ball) is given in Annex D.

This document
a) defines single-number quantities for airborne sound insulation in buildings and of building
elements such as walls, floors, doors, and windows,
b) takes into consideration the different sound level spectra of various noise sources such as noise
sources inside a building and traffic outside a building, and
c) gives rules for determining these quantities from the results of measurements carried out in onethird-
octave or octave bands for example in accordance with ISO 10140-2 and ISO 16283-1.
The single-number quantities in accordance with this document are intended for rating airborne
sound insulation and for simplifying the formulation of acoustical requirements in building codes. An
additional single-number evaluation in steps of 0,1 dB is indicated for the expression of uncertainty
(except for spectrum adaptation terms). The required numerical values of the single-number quantities
are specified according to varying needs. The single-number quantities are based on results of
measurements in one-third-octave bands or octave bands.
For laboratory measurements made in accordance with ISO 10140-2, single-number quantities are
calculated using one-third-octave bands only.
The rating of results of measurements carried out over an enlarged frequency range is dealt with in
Annex B.

This document specifies procedures for assessing the measurement uncertainty of sound insulation in
building acoustics. It provides for
— a detailed uncertainty assessment;
— a determination of uncertainties by inter-laboratory tests;
— an application of uncertainties.
Furthermore, typical uncertainties are given for quantities determined according to ISO 10140 (all parts),
ISO 16283 (all parts) and ISO 717 (all parts).

This document outlines strategies to be used in dealing with noise problems in existing and planned
workplaces by describing basic concepts in noise control (noise reduction, noise emission, noise
immission and noise exposure). It is applicable to all types of workplaces and all types of sources of
sound which are met in workplaces, including human activities.
It includes those important strategies to adopt when buying a new machine or equipment.
This document deals only with audible sound.

This document specifies the conditions for obtaining reproducible and comparable measurement results
of the airborne sound emitted by vessels of all kinds, on inland waterways and in ports and harbours,
except powered recreational craft as specified in the ISO 14509 series. This document is applicable to
sea-going vessels, harbour vessels, dredgers, and all watercraft, including non-displacement craft, used
or capable of being used as a means of transport on water. There are no limitations to the application
of this document with regard to speed, length and height of vessels, as long as the ship is determined to
act like a point source at the reference distance of 25 m.
All noise data obtained in accordance with this document are referred to a reference distance of 25 m.

This document specifies a laboratory substitution method to determine the insertion loss without flow
of ducted, mainly absorbent, circular and rectangular silencers, as well as other duct elements for use
in ventilating and air-conditioning systems.
NOTE Laboratory measurement procedures for ducted silencers with superimposed flow are described in
ISO 7235[5].
This document is applicable to silencers where the design velocity does not exceed 15 m/s. As the
method does not include self-generated flow noise, this document is not suitable for tests on silencers
where this type of noise is of great importance for the evaluation of the silencer performance. As most
silencers, particularly in offices and dwelling, have design velocities below 15 m/s, this document can
often be a cost-efficient alternative to ISO 7235[5].
The insertion loss determined according to this document in a laboratory is not necessarily the same
as the insertion loss obtained in an installation in the field. Different sound and flow fields in the duct
yield different results. In this document, the sound field is dominated by plane wave modes. Due to the
use of regular test ducts, the results can include some flanking transmission via structural vibrations
in the duct walls that sets an upper limit to the insertion loss that can be determined.
This document is intended to be used for circular silencers with diameters of 80 mm to 2 000 mm or for
rectangular silencers with cross-sectional areas within the same range.

This document specifies a laboratory measurement method to determine noise radiated from a floor covering on a standard concrete floor when excited by a standard tapping machine.

This document deals with the technical aspects of noise control in workplaces. The various technical
measures are stated, the related acoustical quantities described, the magnitude of noise reduction
discussed, and the verification methods outlined.
This document deals only with audible sound.

This International Standard specifies an alternating airflow method for the determination of the airflow resistance[1] [2] of porous materials for acoustical applications.
Determination of the airflow resistance based on static flow is described in ISO 9053-1.

ISO 10848 (all parts) specifies measurement methods to characterize the flanking transmission of one
or several building components. This document considers only laboratory measurements.
This part of ISO 10848 specifies measurement methods to be performed in a laboratory to characterize
the acoustic radiation of a building element when mechanically or acoustically excited. The measured
quantities can be used to compare products, or to express a requirement, or as input data for prediction
methods, such as ISO 12354-1 and -2.

EN-ISO 5135 establishes general rules for the acoustic testing of air-terminal devices, air-terminal units, dampers and valves used in air diffusion and air distribution systems in order to determine sound power levels as defined in ISO 3741.

EN-ISO 16283-2 specifies procedures to determine the impact sound insulation using sound pressure measurements with an impact source operating on a floor or stairs in a building. These procedures are intended for room volumes in the range from 10 m3 to 250 m3 in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5 000 Hz. The test results can be used to quantify, assess and compare the impact sound insulation in unfurnished or furnished rooms where the sound field may or may not approximate to a diffuse field.

This document specifies how to calculate:
— the uncertainty of sound absorption coefficients and equivalent sound absorption areas measured
according to ISO 354;
— the uncertainty of the practical and weighted sound absorption coefficients determined according
to ISO 11654;
— the uncertainty of the object sound absorption coefficient according to ISO 20189; and
— the uncertainty of the single number rating determined according to EN 1793-1.
Furthermore, the use of uncertainties in reporting measured or weighted sound absorption coefficients
is explained.

2020-01-17 JF: Through decision BT C190/2019, the BT approved the removal of the link for this standard with the Machinery Directive.
2019-05-31 JF: Following the discussion at the Nucleus (core group of the CEN-CENELEC sector on machinery safety), it was concluded that this standard should not be listed in the Official Journal of European Union (OJEU) under the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC because these are guidelines. This had been agreed with the TC. CCMC is preparing the BT document on the withdrawal of the link with the Machinery Directive.
2018-06-13 - in-check TAN : Consultant's assessment is missing.

EN-ISO 389-7 in addition to ISO 16092-1, specifies the technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of pneumatic presses which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal. This document deals with all significant hazards relevant for pneumatic presses, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). All the phases of the lifetime of the machinery as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, have been taken into consideration. The data are given in numerical form for the preferred frequencies in the one-third-octave series from 20 Hz to 16 000 Hz inclusive in accordance with ISO 266 and, in addition, for some intermediate audiometric frequencies up to 18 000 Hz. The threshold data differ from the audiometric zero specified in ISO 389-1, ISO 389-2, ISO 389-5 and ISO 389-8, since the latter refer to monaural listening through earphones with sound pressure levels referred to specified couplers and ear simulators. Direct comparison between the data in the parts of ISO 389 mentioned above and in this document is therefore not appropriate.

This document:
-   specifies methods for the measurement of airborne and structure-borne sound produced in waste water and rain water installations under laboratory conditions;
-   defines the expression of the results.
It is applicable to waste water piping systems and parts thereof, but not to the actual sources of the wastewater, e.g. lavatories, toilets and bathtubs or any active units. It applies to pipes with natural ventilation and made of any common material in commonly used diameters (up to 150 mm).
The results obtained can be used for the comparison of products and materials. It may serve in estimating the behaviour of waste water systems in a building under certain conditions. Nevertheless, this standard does not provide a normalized procedure for calculating the acoustical properties of such installations in a building.

This document specifies a relatively simple engineering method for determining the sound power levels of small, movable noise sources. The methods specified in this document are suitable for measurements of all types of noise within a specified frequency range, except impulsive noise consisting of isolated bursts of sound energy which are covered by ISO 3744 and ISO 3745.

This document gives guidance for the use of a set of twelve basic International Standards (see Tables 1,
2 and 3) describing various methods for determining sound power levels from all types of machinery,
equipment and products. It provides guidance on the selection of one or more of these standards,
appropriate to any particular type of sound source, measurement environment and desired accuracy.
The guidance given applies to airborne sound. It is for use in the preparation of noise test codes (see
ISO 12001) and also in noise emission testing where no specific noise test code exists. Such standardized
noise test codes can recommend the application of particular basic International Standard(s) and give
detailed requirements on mounting and operating conditions for a particular family to which the
machine under test belongs, in accordance with general principles given in the basic standards.
This document is not intended to replace any of the details of, or add any additional requirements to,
the individual test methods in the basic International Standards referenced.
NOTE 1 Two quantities which complement each other can be used to describe the noise emission of machinery,
equipment and products. One is the emission sound pressure level at a specified position and the other is the
sound power level. The International Standards which describe the basic methods for determining emission
sound pressure levels at work stations and at other specified positions are ISO 11200 to ISO 11205 (References
[20] to [25]).
NOTE 2 The sound energy level mentioned in ISO 3741 to ISO 3747 is not addressed in this document as it is
not mentioned in any legal requirement. Its application is limited to very special cases of a single burst of sound
energy or transient sound defined in ISO 12001.

This document specifies methods of predicting the sound exposure level of shooting sound for a single
shot at a given reception point. Guidelines are given to calculate other acoustic indices from the sound
exposure level. The prediction is based on the angular source energy distribution of the muzzle blast as
defined in ISO 17201-1 or calculated using values from ISO 17201-2.
This document applies to weapons with calibres of less than 20 mm or explosive charges of less than
50 g TNT equivalent, at distances where peak pressures, including the contribution from projectile
sound, are less than 1 kPa (154 dB).
NOTE National or other regulations, which could be more stringent, can apply.

This document specifies procedures for measuring and reporting the noise emission of information
technology and telecommunications equipment.
NOTE 1 This document is considered part of a noise test code (see 3.1.2) for this type of equipment and is
based on basic noise emission standards (see 3.1.1) ISO 3741, ISO 3744, ISO 3745, ISO 9295 and ISO 11201.
The basic emission quantity is the A-weighted sound power level, which can be used for comparing
equipment of the same type but from different manufacturers, or for comparing different equipment.
Three basic noise emission standards for determination of the sound power levels are specified in this
document in order to avoid undue restriction on existing facilities and experience. ISO 3741 specifies
comparison measurements in a reverberation test room; ISO 3744 and ISO 3745 specify measurements
in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane. Any of these three basic noise emission standards
can be selected and used exclusively in accordance with this document when determining sound power
levels of a machine.
The A-weighted sound power level is supplemented by the A-weighted emission sound pressure level
determined at the operator position or the bystander positions, based on basic noise emission standard
ISO 11201. This sound pressure level is not a level of noise immission at a work station (see 3.2.12), but
it can assist in identifying any potential problems that could cause annoyance, activity interference or
hearing damage to operators and bystanders.
Methods for determination of whether the noise emission includes prominent discrete tones are
specified in Annex D.
This document is suitable for type tests and provides methods for manufacturers and testing
laboratories to obtain comparable results.
The methods specified in this document allow the determination of noise emission levels for a functional
unit (see 3.1.4) tested individually.
The procedures apply to equipment which emits broad-band noise, narrow-band noise and noise which
contains discrete-frequency components, or impulsive noise.
The sound power and emission sound pressure levels obtained can serve noise emission declaration
and comparison purposes (see ISO 9296[3]).
NOTE 2 The sound power levels and emission sound pressure levels obtained are not intended to be considered
as installation noise immission levels; however, they can be used for installation planning (see ECMA TR/27[11]).
If sound power levels obtained are determined for a number of functional units of the same production
series, they can be used to determine a statistical value for that production series (see ISO 9296[3]).

This document specifies the measurement of the determination of the static airflow resistance[1,2], in a
laminar flow regime, of porous materials for acoustical applications.

This document specifies a method to determine the acoustic source energy of the muzzle blast for
calibres of less than 20 mm or explosive charges of less than 50 g TNT equivalent. It is applicable at
distances where peak pressures less than 1 kPa (equivalent to a peak sound pressure level of 154 dB)
are observed. The source energy, directivity of the source and their spectral structure determined by
this procedure can be used as input data to sound propagation programmes, enabling the prediction of
shooting noise in the neighbourhood of shooting ranges. Additionally, the data can be used to compare
sound emission from different types of guns or different types of ammunition used with the same gun.
This document is applicable to guns used in civil shooting ranges but it can also be applied to military
guns. It is not applicable to the assessment of hearing damage or sound levels in the non-linear region.
Suppressors and silencers are not taken into consideration in this document.

This document specifies three methods (the octave-band, HML and SNR methods) of estimating
the A-weighted sound pressure levels effective when hearing protectors are worn. The methods are
applicable to either the sound pressure level or the equivalent continuous sound pressure level of the
noise. Although primarily intended for steady noise exposures, the methods are also applicable to
noises containing impulsive components. It is possible that these methods could not be suitable for use
with peak sound pressure level measurements.
The octave-band, H, M, L or SNR values are suitable for establishing sound attenuation criteria for
selecting or comparing hearing protectors, and/or setting minimum acceptable sound attenuation
requirements.

This document specifies a subjective method for measuring sound attenuation of hearing protectors
at the threshold of hearing. The method is a laboratory method designed to yield reproducible values
under controlled measurement conditions. The values reflect the attenuating characteristics of the
hearing protector only to the extent that users wear the device in the same manner as did the test
subjects.
For a more representative indication of field performance the methods of ISO/TS 4869-5 can be used.
This test method yields data which are collected at low sound pressure levels (close to the threshold
of hearing) but which are also representative of the attenuation values of hearing protectors at higher
sound pressure levels. An exception occurs in the case of amplitude-sensitive hearing protectors for
sound pressure levels above the point at which their level-dependent characteristics become effective.
At those sound pressure levels the method specified in this document is inapplicable, as it will usually
underestimate sound attenuation for these devices.
NOTE Due to masking from physiological noise in the occluded ear tests, sound attenuations below 500 Hz
can be overestimated by a few decibels.

The goal of this document is to indicate how to present the uncertainty data determined by EN ISO 12999-1 in a test report of the Sound reduction index R of a building product or a building system complying with EN ISO 717-1 and EN ISO 10140-2:2010, Figure B1.

This document specifies a standard reference zero for the scale of hearing threshold level applicable
to pure-tone air conduction audiometers, to promote agreement and uniformity in the expression of
hearing threshold level measurements throughout the world.
It states the information in a form suitable for direct application to the calibration of audiometers, that
is, in terms of the reference equivalent threshold sound pressure levels of generic supra-aural earphones
specified in 4.2, measured on an ear simulator complying with IEC 60318-1 and in terms of modelspecific
data given in two additional tables for the IEC 60318-3 acoustic coupler and the IEC 60318-1
ear simulator, respectively.
The data are based on an assessment of the information available from the various standardizing
laboratories responsible for audiometric standards and from scientific publications.
Some notes on the application and derivation of the reference levels are given in Annexes A and B.

ISO 10848 (all parts) specifies measurement methods to characterize the flanking transmission of one
or several building components.
This document specifies laboratory and field measurements of buildings for Type B elements (defined
in ISO 10848-1) when the junction has a substantial influence.
Laboratory measurements are used to quantify the performance of the junction with suppressed
flanking transmission from the laboratory structure. Field measurements are used to characterize
the in situ performance and it is not usually possible to suppress unwanted flanking transmission
sufficiently; hence, the results can only be considered representative of the performance of that junction
when installed in that particular building structure.
This document is referred to in ISO 10848-1:2017, 4.5 as being a supporting part to the frame document
and applies to Type B elements that are structurally connected as defined in ISO 10848-1.
The measured quantities can be used to compare different products, or to express a requirement, or as
input data for prediction methods, such as ISO 12354-1 and ISO 12354-2.
The relevant quantity to be measured is selected according to ISO 10848-1:2017, 4.5. The performance
of the building components is expressed either as an overall quantity for the combination of elements
and junction (such as Dn,f,ij and/or Ln,f,ij and/or Lne0,f,ij) or as the normalized direction-average velocity
level difference Dv,ij,n of a junction. Dn,f,ij, Ln,f,ij, Lne0,f,ij and Dv,ij,n depend on the actual dimensions of
the elements.

This document specifies the mounting and operating conditions to be used for in-line valves and
appliances which control the flow, pressure or temperature of the water in water supply installations,
when measuring noise emission resulting from water flow.
It is applicable to in-line valves and appliances of maximum nominal size DN 32 and to systems in which
the maximum water flow rate does not exceed 1,6 l/s.
NOTE See ISO 6708; DN is the symbol for “nominal size”. The number of the nominal size is loosely related to
the inside diameter (in millimetres) of the in-tine valves and appliances.
The procedures described are for general use for all types of in-line valves of conventional design.

ISO 10848 (all parts) specifies measurement methods to characterize the flanking transmission of one
or several building components. These measurements are performed in a laboratory test facility or in
the field.
The performance of the building components is expressed either as an overall quantity for the
combination of elements and junction (such as the normalized flanking level difference and/or
normalized flanking impact sound pressure level) or as the vibration reduction index of a junction or
the normalized direction-average vibration level difference of a junction.
Two approaches are used for structure-borne sound sources in buildings, a normalized flanking
equipment sound pressure level and a transmission function that can be used to estimate sound
pressure levels in a receiving room due to structure-borne excitation by service equipment in a source
room. The former approach assumes that flanking transmission is limited to one junction (or no
junction if the element supporting the equipment is the separating element), and the latter considers
the combination of direct (if any) and all flanking transmission paths.
This document contains definitions, general requirements for test elements and test rooms, and
measurement methods. Guidelines are given for the selection of the quantity to be measured, depending
on the junction and the types of building elements involved. Other parts of ISO 10848 specify the
application for different types of junction and building elements.
The quantities characterizing the flanking transmission can be used to compare different products, or
to express a requirement, or as input data for prediction methods, such as ISO 12354-1 and ISO 12354-2.

ISO 10848 (all parts) specifies measurement methods to characterize the flanking transmission of one
or several building components.
This document specifies laboratory and field measurements of buildings where at least one of the
elements that form the construction under test is a Type A element (defined in ISO 10848-1).
Laboratory measurements are used to quantify the performance of the junction with suppressed
flanking transmission from the laboratory structure. Field measurements are used to characterize
the in situ performance and it is not usually possible to suppress unwanted flanking transmission
sufficiently; hence, the results are primarily representative of the performance of that junction when
installed in that particular building structure.
The measured quantities can be used to compare different products, or to express a requirement, or as
input data for prediction methods, such as ISO 12354-1 and ISO 12354-2.

ISO 10848 (all parts) specifies measurement methods to characterize the flanking transmission of one
or several building components. This document considers only laboratory measurements.
The measured quantities can be used to compare different products, or to express a requirement, or
as input data for prediction methods, such as ISO 12354-1 and ISO 12354-2. However, the measured
quantities Dn,f, Ln,f and Lne0,f only represent the performance with the dimensions for the test specimens
described in this document.
This document is referred to in ISO 10848-1:2017, 4.5 as being a supporting part of the frame document.
It applies to Type B elements as defined in ISO 10848-1, such as suspended ceilings, access floors,
light uninterrupted façades or floating floors. The transmission from one room to another can occur
simultaneously through the test element and via the plenum (if any). For measurements made according
to this document, the total sound transmission is determined and it is not possible to separate the two
kinds of transmission.

This draft European Standard specifies calculation models designed to estimate the impact sound insulation between rooms in buildings, primarily on the bases of measured data which characterizes direct or indirect flanking transmission by the participating building elements and theoretically derived methods of sound propagation in structural elements.
A detailed model is described for calculation in frequency bands, in the frequency range 1/3 octave 100 Hz - 3 150 according to EN ISO 717 1, possibly extended down to 1/3 octave 50 Hz if element data and junction data are available (see Annex E); the single number rating of buildings can be determined from the calculation results. A simplified model with a restricted field of application is deduced from this, calculating directly the single number rating, using the single number ratings of the elements; the uncertainty on the apparent impact sound pressure level calculated using the simplified model can be determined according to the method described in prEN 12354 1:2016, Annex K (see Clause 5).
This draft European Standard describes the principles of the calculation scheme, lists the relevant quantities and defines its applications and restrictions. It is intended for acoustical experts and provides the framework for the development of application documents and tools for other users in the field of building construction, taking into account local circumstances.
The calculation models described use the most general approach for engineering purposes, with a clear link to measurable quantities that specify the performance of building elements. The known limitations of these calculation models are described in this standard. Users should, however, be aware that other calculation models also exist, each with their own applicability and restrictions.
The models are based on experience with prediction for dwellings; they could also be used for other types of buildings provided the construction systems and dimensions of elements are not too different from those in dwellings.
The 2000 edition of this standard has been revised with greater details for application to lightweight constructions (typically steel or wood framed lightweight elements as opposed to heavier masonry or concrete elements).

Revision of EN 12354-3 taking into account of N 510 "Results of the 5 years review of En 12354-3
and the report of WG 2 (N 520).
This document describes calculation models designed to estimate the airborne sound insulation between rooms in buildings, primarily using measured data which characterize direct or indirect flanking transmission by the participating building elements and theoretically derived methods of sound propagation in structural elements.
A detailed model is described for calculation in frequency bands ; the single number rating can be determined from the calculation results. A simplified model with a restricted field of application is deduced from this, calculating directly the single number rating, using the single number ratings of the elements.
This document describes the principles of the calculation scheme, lists the relevant quantities and defines its applications and restrictions. It is intended for acoustical experts and provides the framework for the development of application documents and tools for other users in the field of building construction, taking into account local circumstances.
The calculation models described use the most general approach for engineering purposes, with a clear link to measurable quantities that specify the performance of building elements. The known limitations of these calculation models are described in this document. Users should, however, be aware that other calculation models also exist, each with their own applicability and restrictions.
The models are based on experience with predictions for dwellings ; they could also be used for other types of buildings provided the construction systems and dimensions of elements are not too different from those in dwellings.

This draft European Standard describes calculation models designed to estimate the airborne sound insulation between adjacent rooms in buildings, primarily using measured data which characterize direct or indirect flanking transmission by the participating building elements, and theoretically derived methods of sound propagation in structural elements.
A detailed model is described for calculation in frequency bands, in the frequency range 1/3 octave 100 - 3 150 Hz according to EN ISO 717-1, possibly extended down to 1/3 octave 50 Hz if element data and junction data are available (see Annex I); the single number rating can be determined from the calculation results. A simplified model with a restricted field of application is deduced from this, calculating directly the single number rating, using the single number ratings of the elements; a method to determine uncertainty is proposed for the simplified model (see Annex K).
This document describes the principles of the calculation scheme, lists the relevant quantities and defines its applications and restrictions. It is intended for acoustical experts and provides the framework for the development of application documents and tools for other users in the field of building construction, taking into account local circumstances.
The calculation models described use the most general approach for engineering purposes, with a clear link to measurable quantities that specify the performance of building elements. The known limitations of these calculation models are described in this document. Users should, however, be aware that other calculation models also exist, each with their own applicability and restrictions.
The models are based on experience with predictions for dwellings; they could also be used for other types of buildings provided the construction systems and dimensions of elements are not too different from those in dwellings.
The 2000 edition of this standard has been revised with greater details for application to lightweight constructions (typically steel or wood framed lightweight elements as opposed to heavier masonry or concrete elements). When the first edition of the standard was published, there was a necessity for giving tables of data; but now more experimental data are available, so some of these tables have been removed.

This draft European standard describes a calculation model for the sound power level radiated by the envelope of a building due to airborne sound inside that building, primarily by means of measured sound pressure levels inside the building and measured data which characterize the sound transmission by the relevant elements and openings in the building envelope. These sound power levels, together with those of other sound sources in or in front of the building envelope, form the basis for the calculation of the sound pressure level at a chosen distance from a building as a measure for the acoustic performance of buildings.
The prediction of the inside sound pressure level from knowledge of the indoor sound sources is outside the scope of this draft European standard.
The prediction of the outdoor sound propagation is outside the scope of this draft European standard.
NOTE   For simple propagation conditions an approach is given for the estimation of the sound pressure level in  the informative Annex E.
This draft European standard describes the principles of the calculation model, lists the relevant quantities and defines its applications and restrictions. It is intended for acoustical experts and provides the framework for the development of application documents and tools for other users in the field of building construction, taking into account local circumstances.
This revised edition has been updated mainly for normative references, and otherwise kept as it was in the first edition.

This document describes how sound pressure levels intended as a basis for assessing environmental
noise limits or comparison of scenarios in spatial studies can be determined. Determination can be
done by direct measurement and by extrapolation of measurement results by means of calculation.
This document is primarily intended to be used outdoors but some guidance is given for indoor
measurements as well. It is flexible and to a large extent, the user determines the measurement effort
and, accordingly, the measurement uncertainty, which is determined and reported in each case. Thus,
no limits for allowable maximum uncertainty are set up. Often, the measurement results are combined
with calculations to correct for reference operating or propagation conditions different from those
during the actual measurement. This document can be applied on all kinds of environmental noise
sources, such as road and rail traffic noise, aircraft noise and industrial noise.

As for the document predicting the structure borne sound levels produced in the buildings by service equipment (EN 12354 5:2009), this European standard covers sanitary installations, mechanical ventilation, heating and cooling, service equipment, lifts, rubbish chutes, boilers, blowers, pumps and other auxiliary service equipment, and motor driven car park doors; it can also be applied to other equipment attached to or installed in buildings. However, this standard is so far restricted to stationary sources.
This revised standard:
-   specifies laboratory measuring methods for determining the source input data required to calculate the source installed power, i.e. the equipment free velocity, the equipment blocked force and the equipment mobility;
-   defines the expression of the source installed power for any source-receiver mobility conditions, including lightweight and heavyweight receiving building elements. This power is used as input data in EN 12354 5:2009, which predicts the structure borne sound pressure level generated by the source installed in situ in a building;
-   defines a method to calculate the structure borne sound power generated by the equipment fictively mounted on two reference test rigs (respectively heavyweight and lightweight) ; the two results will inform the manufacturers on the difference in the equipment performance between these two common but very different situations;
-   does not now specify any method for the measurement of the source airborne sound power. If measurements of the equipment airborne sound power are required, then refer to EN ISO 3740, 47 and use the same source mounting conditions and operating conditions as in measuring using prEN 15657.
Throughout this standard the frequency range is limited to the 21 1/3 octave bands with mid-frequencies from 50 Hz to 5000 Hz.

This document provides descriptive statistics of the hearing threshold deviation for populations
of otologically normal persons of various ages under monaural earphone listening conditions. It
specifies the following, for populations within the age limits from 18 years to 80 years for the range of
audiometric frequencies from 125 Hz to 8 000 Hz:
a) the expected median value of hearing thresholds given relative to the median hearing threshold at
the age of 18 years;
b) the expected statistical distribution above and below the median value.
For the frequencies from 3 000 Hz to 8 000 Hz, the median and statistical distribution for populations
above 70 years are presented for information only.
This document also provides for information the expected median values at audiometric frequencies
from 9 000 Hz to 12 500 Hz within the age limits from 22 years to 80 years.
The data are applicable for estimating the amount of hearing loss caused by a specific agent in a
population. Such a comparison is valid if the population under study consists of persons who are
otologically normal except for the effect of the specific agent. Noise exposure is an example of a specific
agent and for this application, selected data from this document are referred to as “database A” in
ISO 1999.
NOTE 1 ISO 1999:2013, Database A is based on a previous edition of ISO 7029.
The data may also be used to assess an individual’s hearing in relation to the distribution of hearing
thresholds which is normal for the person’s age group. However, it is not possible to determine for
an individual precisely which part of an observed hearing loss is attributable to an accumulation of
detrimental effects on the hearing which increase with age, and which part has been caused by other
factors such as noise.
The hearing threshold deviation as defined herein and the hearing threshold level as defined in other
International Standards (ISO 389-1, ISO 389-2, ISO 389-5, ISO 389-8, ISO 8253-1, ISO 8253-2, IEC 60645-
1) express the hearing threshold of an individual or an individual ear, respectively, relative to
— the expected median hearing threshold of 18-year-old age group of the same gender, or
— a reference zero level specified in various parts of ISO 389.
To the extent that the reference zero level represents the median of the 18-year-old population, the
values of the two terms will be the same.
NOTE 2 The values of these two are not always the same for some reasons. One reason is that the reference
zero level has been determined based on the hearing threshold levels of persons older than 18 years, including
those aged up to 25 years or to 30 years, who have slightly worse hearing sensitivity on average.
NOTE 3 ISO 28961 specifies the expected statistical distribution of hearing thresholds, expressed in sound
pressure level in decibels, for populations of otologically normal persons of the age from 18 years to 25 years
under binaural, free-field listening conditions. It enables the calculation not only at audiometric frequencies, but
also for other frequencies at one-third-octave intervals from 20 Hz to 16 000 Hz.

This part of ISO 10140 specifies test requirements for building elements and products, including
detailed requirements for preparation, mounting, operating and test conditions, as well as applicable
quantities and additional test information for reporting. The general procedures for airborne and
impact sound insulation measurements are given in ISO 10140-2 and ISO 10140-3, respectively.