17.140 - Acoustics and acoustic measurements
ICS 17.140 Details
Acoustics and acoustic measurements
Akustik und akustische Messungen
Acoustique et mesurage acoustique
Akustika in akustična merjenja
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1.1 General This document specifies methods for determining the sound power level of a noise source from sound pressure levels measured on a surface enveloping the noise source (machinery or equipment) in an environment that approximates to an acoustic free field near one or more reflecting planes. The sound power level produced by the noise source, in frequency bands or with A-weighting applied, is calculated using those measurements. NOTE Differently shaped measurement surfaces can yield differing estimates of the sound power level of a given noise source which are accounted for in the uncertainty associated with this test method. An appropriately drafted noise test code (see ISO 12001) gives detailed information on the selection of the surface. 1.2 Types of noise and noise sources The methods specified in this document are suitable for all types of noise (steady, non-steady, and fluctuating) as defined in ISO 12001, except for short duration, impulsive events. This document is applicable to all types and sizes of noise source (e.g. stationary or slowly moving component or sub-assembly), provided that the conditions for the measurements can be met. NOTE It is possible that the conditions for measurements given in this document are impracticable for very tall or very long sources such as chimneys, ducts, conveyors and multi-source industrial plants. A noise test code for the determination of noise emission of specific sources can provide alternative methods in such cases. 1.3 Test environment The test environments that are applicable for measurements made in accordance with this document can be located indoors or outdoors, with one or more sound-reflecting planes present on or near which the noise source under test is mounted. The ideal environment is a completely open space with no bounding or reflecting surfaces other than the reflecting plane(s), such as that provided by a qualified hemi-anechoic chamber, but procedures are given for applying corrections (within limits that are specified) in the case of environments that are less than ideal. Annex A or ISO 26101-2 specifies methods for determining the adequacy of the test environment and for determination of corrections to be applied to account for the effect of the test environment. 1.4 Measurement uncertainty Information is given on the uncertainty of the sound power levels determined in accordance with this document, for measurements made in limited bands of frequency and with frequency A-weighting applied. Annex I specifies procedures for testing laboratories that can be used to reduce measurement uncertainty. The uncertainty conforms to ISO 12001, accuracy grade 2 (engineering grade). General information on measurement uncertainty is provided in this document and additional information can be found in ISO 5114-1[8].
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This document defines the procedures for noise control of primarily open plants and the requirements on equipment suppliers for reporting and testing of noise. It is applicable to the following: — specification of procedures for noise control during engineering of a new plant and modification/extension of existing plants (construction and commissioning noise procedures are outside the scope of this document); — definition of responsibilities of parties involved, viz. “end-user”, “engineering contractor” and “equipment supplier”; — description of general procedures to arrive at noise requirements for individual equipment, based on overall noise requirements for the plant. Input to purchase specifications is presented in REF Annex_sec_A \r \h Annex A. A schematic flowchart, reviewing the noise control process, is presented in REF Annex_sec_B \r \h Annex B 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000C00000041006E006E00650078005F007300650063005F0042000000 and a summary of action items is presented in REF Annex_sec_C \r \h Annex C 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000C00000041006E006E00650078005F007300650063005F0043000000 . An example of an equipment noise data sheet is presented in REF Annex_sec_E \r \h Annex E 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000C00000041006E006E00650078005F007300650063005F0045000000 .
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IEC 61252:2025 specifies – performance specifications for personal sound exposure meters, – details of the tests necessary to verify conformance to all mandatory specifications for the purpose of pattern evaluation, and – procedures for periodic testing of a personal sound exposure meter. Personal sound exposure meters conforming to the requirements of this document have a specified frequency response for sound incident on the microphone from all directions. This document is applicable to instruments that are designed to be worn on a person in a configuration specified by the manufacturer for the measurement of sound immission resulting from steady, intermittent, fluctuating, irregular, or impulsive sounds. For reproducibility of results, specifications and tests for the response to sound waves apply without an operator present in the sound field. Pattern evaluation tests and periodic tests described in this this document apply to personal sound exposure meters for which the manufacturer claims conformance to the specifications given in this document. IEC 61252:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1993, Amendment 1:2000, and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) personal sound exposure meters are required to provide indications of time-averaged sound level and peak sound level; b) sound exposure is an optional quantity for indication; c) specifications for physical quantities that do not follow the principle of equal-energy exchange rate have been added; d) specifications for directional response have been added; e) specifications for frequency weightings apply to the relative diffuse-field frequency response; f) determination of conformance to specifications takes account of uncertainties of measurement; g) detailed requirements for pattern-evaluation tests and periodic testing have been added.
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This document specifies determining sound power levels of fans under standardized laboratory conditions from sound pressure levels measured in a reverberant room. This document is applicable for determination of the acoustic performance of fans. This document can additionally be applied to determine the acoustic performance of fans combined with an ancillary device, such as a roof cowl or damper or, where the fan is fitted with a silencer, the sound power resulting from the fan and silencer combination. For guidance of testing with ancillary items, see Annex C. This document applies to fans as defined in ISO 13349-1. It is limited to the determination of airborne sound emission for the specified set-ups. Vibration is not measured, nor is the sensitivity of airborne sound emission to vibration effects determined. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 5136, which covers the in-duct method, and ISO 10302-1 for small fans. The size of fans which can be tested in accordance with this document is limited only by the practical aspects of the test set-up. Test fan dimensions and air performance will control the room size. NOTE Based on usage, small fans can be tested according to this document or to ISO 10302-1. For reverberant field tests, the size of equipment under test is limited to less than 2 % of the room volume. For low power fans (up to 3 kW) that can be run from a domestic power supply (single phase AC at a voltage not exceeding 250 V and a current not exceeding 16 A), reference IEC 60704-2-7[18]. The test arrangements in this document establish the laboratory conditions necessary for a successful test. It is difficult to meet these requirements in situ and this document is not intended for field measurements. In these situations, users are reminded that the acoustic environment is unlikely to meet the specified conditions and there can be additional acoustic system effects where inlet and outlet conditions at the fan are less than ideal.
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IEC 60645-7:2025 applies to instruments designed for the measurement of auditory evoked potentials from the inner ear, the auditory nerve, and the brainstem, evoked by either acoustic or vibratory stimuli of short duration. This document defines the characteristics to be specified by the manufacturer, specifies performance requirements for two types of instruments (screening and diagnostic/clinical), and specifies the functions to be provided on these types. It also specifies a means of describing the physical characteristics, in terms of electrical waveforms, of audiometric reference and test signals of short duration used with auditory evoked potential equipment and other equipment (e.g. otoacoustic emission instruments), and methods for their measurement. The purpose of this document is to ensure that measurements made under comparable test conditions with different instruments complying with this document will be consistent. This document is not intended to restrict development or incorporation of new features, nor to discourage innovative approaches. Evoked response measurement using the application of electric stimuli to a subject is beyond the scope of this document.
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IEC 60645-7:2025 applies to instruments designed for the measurement of auditory evoked potentials from the inner ear, the auditory nerve, and the brainstem, evoked by either acoustic or vibratory stimuli of short duration. This document defines the characteristics to be specified by the manufacturer, specifies performance requirements for two types of instruments (screening and diagnostic/clinical), and specifies the functions to be provided on these types. It also specifies a means of describing the physical characteristics, in terms of electrical waveforms, of audiometric reference and test signals of short duration used with auditory evoked potential equipment and other equipment (e.g. otoacoustic emission instruments), and methods for their measurement. The purpose of this document is to ensure that measurements made under comparable test conditions with different instruments complying with this document will be consistent. This document is not intended to restrict development or incorporation of new features, nor to discourage innovative approaches. Evoked response measurement using the application of electric stimuli to a subject is beyond the scope of this document.
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IEC 61252:2025 specifies
– performance specifications for personal sound exposure meters,
– details of the tests necessary to verify conformance to all mandatory specifications for the purpose of pattern evaluation, and
– procedures for periodic testing of a personal sound exposure meter.
Personal sound exposure meters conforming to the requirements of this document have a specified frequency response for sound incident on the microphone from all directions.
This document is applicable to instruments that are designed to be worn on a person in a configuration specified by the manufacturer for the measurement of sound immission resulting from steady, intermittent, fluctuating, irregular, or impulsive sounds. For reproducibility of results, specifications and tests for the response to sound waves apply without an operator present in the sound field.
Pattern evaluation tests and periodic tests described in this this document apply to personal sound exposure meters for which the manufacturer claims conformance to the specifications given in this document.
IEC 61252:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1993, Amendment 1:2000, and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) personal sound exposure meters are required to provide indications of time-averaged sound level and peak sound level;
b) sound exposure is an optional quantity for indication;
c) specifications for physical quantities that do not follow the principle of equal-energy exchange rate have been added;
d) specifications for directional response have been added;
e) specifications for frequency weightings apply to the relative diffuse-field frequency response;
f) determination of conformance to specifications takes account of uncertainties of measurement;
g) detailed requirements for pattern-evaluation tests and periodic testing have been added.
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This document specifies measurement methods and conditions to obtain reproducible and comparable exterior noise emission levels and spectra for all kinds of vehicles operating on rails or other types of fixed track, hereinafter conventionally called “unit”.
This document is applicable to type testing of units.
It provides measurement procedures for vehicle exterior noise (in general, a vehicle type test is carried out using only a selected subset of these tests):
— when the vehicle is moving at constant speed;
— when the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating;
— when the vehicle is stationary in different operating conditions.
It does not include all the instructions to characterize the noise emission of the infrastructure related sources (bridges, crossings, switching, impact noise, curving noise, etc.).
This document does not apply to
— the noise emission of track maintenance units while working,
— environmental impact assessment (collection of data to be used in a prediction method for environmental assessment),
— noise immission assessment,
— guided buses, and
— warning signal noise.
The results can be used, for example
— to characterize the exterior noise emitted by units,
— to compare the noise emission of various units on a particular track section, and
— to collect basic source data for units.
NOTE Additional guidance is provided in Annex E for measurements in the specific case of urban rail vehicles.
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IEC 60704-2-3:2025 applies to single unit electric dishwashers for household and similar use, with or without automatic programme control, for cold and/or warm water supply, for detachable or permanent connection to water supply or sewage systems, intended for placing on the floor against a wall, for building-in or placing under a counter, a kitchen worktop or under a sink, for wall-mounting or on a counter. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alignment to IEC 60704-1:2021,
b) change of the position of the test sample in the test enclosure (aligned to IEC 60704 1:2021),
c) detergent changed (aligned to IEC 60436:2025).
This International Standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the fourth edition of IEC 60704-1:2021.
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This document specifies measurement methods and conditions to obtain reproducible and comparable exterior noise emission levels and spectra for all kinds of vehicles operating on rails or other types of fixed track, hereinafter conventionally called “unit”.
This document is applicable to type testing of units.
It provides measurement procedures for vehicle exterior noise (in general, a vehicle type test is carried out using only a selected subset of these tests):
— when the vehicle is moving at constant speed;
— when the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating;
— when the vehicle is stationary in different operating conditions.
It does not include all the instructions to characterize the noise emission of the infrastructure related sources (bridges, crossings, switching, impact noise, curving noise, etc.).
This document does not apply to
— the noise emission of track maintenance units while working,
— environmental impact assessment (collection of data to be used in a prediction method for environmental assessment),
— noise immission assessment,
— guided buses, and
— warning signal noise.
The results can be used, for example
— to characterize the exterior noise emitted by units,
— to compare the noise emission of various units on a particular track section, and
— to collect basic source data for units.
NOTE Additional guidance is provided in Annex E for measurements in the specific case of urban rail vehicles.
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This document specifies computational methods for determining the acoustical source level of projectile sound and its one-third octave band spectrum, expressed as the sound exposure level for nominal mid-band frequencies from 12,5 Hz to 10 kHz. It also specifies a method on how to use this source level to calculate the sound exposure level at a receiver position.
Results obtained with this document can be used as a basis for assessment of projectile sound from shooting ranges. Additionally, the data can be used to determine sound emission or immission from different types of ammunition and weapons. The prediction methods are applicable to outdoor conditions and straight projectile trajectories. Two computational methods are given to determine the acoustical source level: one for streamlined projectile shapes and one for non-streamlined shapes, such as pellets.
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IEC 60704-2-3:2025 applies to single unit electric dishwashers for household and similar use, with or without automatic programme control, for cold and/or warm water supply, for detachable or permanent connection to water supply or sewage systems, intended for placing on the floor against a wall, for building-in or placing under a counter, a kitchen worktop or under a sink, for wall-mounting or on a counter. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) alignment to IEC 60704-1:2021, b) change of the position of the test sample in the test enclosure (aligned to IEC 60704 1:2021), c) detergent changed (aligned to IEC 60436:2025). This International Standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the fourth edition of IEC 60704-1:2021.
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This document specifies measurement methods and conditions to obtain reproducible and comparable exterior noise emission levels and spectra for all kinds of vehicles operating on rails or other types of fixed track, hereinafter conventionally called “unit”. This document is applicable to type testing of units. It provides measurement procedures for vehicle exterior noise (in general, a vehicle type test is carried out using only a selected subset of these tests): — when the vehicle is moving at constant speed; — when the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating; — when the vehicle is stationary in different operating conditions. It does not include all the instructions to characterize the noise emission of the infrastructure related sources (bridges, crossings, switching, impact noise, curving noise, etc.). This document does not apply to — the noise emission of track maintenance units while working, — environmental impact assessment (collection of data to be used in a prediction method for environmental assessment), — noise immission assessment, — guided buses, and — warning signal noise. The results can be used, for example — to characterize the exterior noise emitted by units, — to compare the noise emission of various units on a particular track section, and — to collect basic source data for units. NOTE Additional guidance is provided in Annex E for measurements in the specific case of urban rail vehicles.
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ISO 17208 series describe procedures for the measurement of underwater sound radiated by the ship under test, and for calculating sound source quantities such as source level and radiated noise level from the measurement results. In ISO 17208-1 to ISO 17208-3 it is presumed that the ship under test cooperates in the measurements, sailing multiple runs over a specified track past the measurement system at a specified speed with pre-determined machinery configurations. Opportunistic measurements of the radiated sound of passing ships are outside the scope of these three standards. Part 1 of the ISO 17208 standards[ REF Reference_ref_4 \r \h 1 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0034000000 ] provides the procedure to quantify the underwater sound from the ship in terms of its radiated noise level, which is calculated from the sound pressure level (SPL) measured in the far field of the ship, in beam aspect, scaled by the distance to CPA and reported in decidecade bands. The intended use of radiated noise level is to show compliance with contract requirements or criteria, for comparison of one ship to another ship, to enable periodic signature assessments, and for research and development. ISO 17208-2[ REF Reference_ref_4 \r \h 1 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0034000000 ] specifies methods for calculating the source level of an equivalent monopole source at a specified nominal source depth from the radiated noise level values obtained according to ISO 17208-1. The intended use of source level, with associated nominal source depth, is to perform far field sound predictions such as needed for environmental impact studies or for creating underwater sound contour maps. ISO 17208-1 and ISO 17208-2[ REF Reference_ref_4 \r \h 1 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0034000000 ] are applicable for measurements in deep water, defined as water depth greater than the larger of 150 m and 1,5 times overall ship length. The allowable water depths and environmental conditions for part 3 measurements are described in REF Section_sec_4.5 \r \h 4.5 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B020000000800000010000000530065006300740069006F006E005F007300650063005F0034002E0035000000 . This document specifies procedures for the measurement of underwater sound radiated by the ship under test in shallow water. It also specifies procedures for the calculation of source level, with associated nominal source depth, from the sound pressure measurements, accounting for the relevant phenomena that govern the propagation of sound in shallow water. These calculations are described in REF Section_sec_7 \r \h Clause 7 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E000000530065006300740069006F006E005F007300650063005F0037000000 . Once the source level has been calculated, other metrics may be calculated from the source level and the source depth. REF Section_sec_7.3 \r \h 7.3 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B020000000800000010000000530065006300740069006F006E005F007300650063005F0037002E0033000000 provides a procedure for calculating the radiated noise level that would have been measured in deep water according to ISO 17208-1 for the same ship with the same operating condition.
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IEC 60645-7:2025 applies to instruments designed for the measurement of auditory evoked potentials from the inner ear, the auditory nerve, and the brainstem, evoked by either acoustic or vibratory stimuli of short duration. This document defines the characteristics to be specified by the manufacturer, specifies performance requirements for two types of instruments (screening and diagnostic/clinical), and specifies the functions to be provided on these types. It also specifies a means of describing the physical characteristics, in terms of electrical waveforms, of audiometric reference and test signals of short duration used with auditory evoked potential equipment and other equipment (e.g. otoacoustic emission instruments), and methods for their measurement. The purpose of this document is to ensure that measurements made under comparable test conditions with different instruments complying with this document will be consistent. This document is not intended to restrict development or incorporation of new features, nor to discourage innovative approaches. Evoked response measurement using the application of electric stimuli to a subject is beyond the scope of this document.
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This document specifies a computational method (in line with ISO 17201-4) for estimating the acoustic source data of muzzle blast and explosions on the basis of non-acoustic data for firearms with calibres less than 20 mm and explosions less than 50 g TNT equivalent.
This document addresses those cases where no source measurements exist. This document can also be used as an interpolation method between measurements of muzzle blast.
Source data are given in terms of spectral angular source energy covering the frequency range from 12,5 Hz to 10 kHz and can be used as data input for sound propagation calculation.
This document does not apply to the prediction of sound levels for the assessment of hearing damage; nor can it be used to predict sound pressure levels or sound exposure levels at distances where linear acoustics do not apply.
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies computational methods for determining the acoustical source level of projectile sound and its one-third octave band spectrum, expressed as the sound exposure level for nominal mid-band frequencies from 12,5 Hz to 10 kHz. It also specifies a method on how to use this source level to calculate the sound exposure level at a receiver position.
Results obtained with this document can be used as a basis for assessment of projectile sound from shooting ranges. Additionally, the data can be used to determine sound emission or immission from different types of ammunition and weapons. The prediction methods are applicable to outdoor conditions and straight projectile trajectories. Two computational methods are given to determine the acoustical source level: one for streamlined projectile shapes and one for non-streamlined shapes, such as pellets.
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This document provides requirements and recommendations for measuring and reporting ambient sound in water, as characterized by sound pressure and selected quantities that can be derived from sound pressure. “Ambient sound” implies sound from any source except sources of self-noise. The scope includes equipment performance, calibration and deployment, digital data acquisition and data processing. Data processing is the process of converting raw data into a form and context necessary to be interpreted by people and computers. The scope includes data analysis and reporting of recordings of duration one day or longer. Five data processing stages are considered: raw digital acquisition data3), sound pressure time series, sound pressure level time series, sound pressure spectra and their statistics. The scope excludes measurement of particle motion. 3)The word data is generally used as a collective noun in this document; the plural form is reserved for cases where the constructive relationship to individual observations or measurements is to be emphasized.
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This document specifies a computational method (in line with ISO 17201-4) for estimating the acoustic source data of muzzle blast and explosions on the basis of non-acoustic data for firearms with calibres less than 20 mm and explosions less than 50 g TNT equivalent.
This document addresses those cases where no source measurements exist. This document can also be used as an interpolation method between measurements of muzzle blast.
Source data are given in terms of spectral angular source energy covering the frequency range from 12,5 Hz to 10 kHz and can be used as data input for sound propagation calculation.
This document does not apply to the prediction of sound levels for the assessment of hearing damage; nor can it be used to predict sound pressure levels or sound exposure levels at distances where linear acoustics do not apply.
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This document establishes principles for the determination of the acoustic performance of fans. In addition, this document can be used to determine the acoustic performance of fans combined with an ancillary device such as a roof cowl or damper or, where the fan is fitted with a silencer, the sound power resulting from the fan and silencer combination.
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This document specifies computational methods for determining the acoustical source level of projectile sound and its one-third octave band spectrum, expressed as the sound exposure level for nominal mid-band frequencies from 12,5 Hz to 10 kHz. It also specifies a method on how to use this source level to calculate the sound exposure level at a receiver position. Results obtained with this document can be used as a basis for assessment of projectile sound from shooting ranges. Additionally, the data can be used to determine sound emission or immission from different types of ammunition and weapons. The prediction methods are applicable to outdoor conditions and straight projectile trajectories. Two computational methods are given to determine the acoustical source level: one for streamlined projectile shapes and one for non-streamlined shapes, such as pellets.
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IEC 61847:2025 specifies:
– the essential non-thermal output characteristics of ultrasonic surgical units;
– methods of measurement of these output characteristics;
– those characteristics to be declared by the manufacturers of such equipment.
This document is applicable to equipment which meets the criteria of a), b) and c) below:
a) ultrasonic surgical systems operating in the frequency range 20 kHz to 120 kHz; and
b) ultrasonic surgical systems whose use is the fragmentation, emulsification, debridement, or cutting of human tissue, whether or not those effects are delivered in conjunction with tissue removal or coagulation; and
c) ultrasonic surgical systems in which an acoustic wave is conducted by means of a specifically designed wave guide to deliver energy to the surgical site.
This document is not applicable to:
– lithotripsy equipment which uses extracorporeally induced pressure pulses, focused through liquid conducting media and the soft tissues of the body;
– surgical systems used as part of the therapeutic process (hyperthermia systems);
– surgical systems whose mechanism of action is through frictional heat generated by tissue in contact with the wave guide, e.g. clamp coagulators or clamping vibrational cutters;
– surgical systems whose mechanism of action is through focused ultrasound for either thermal degradation (high intensity focused ultrasound – HIFU or HITU) or cavitation erosion (Histotripsy) of tissue remote from the ultrasound transducer;
– surgical systems whose mechanism of action is through erosion of hard tissues in contact with the applicator tip, e.g. bone cutting or drilling.
This document does not deal with the effectiveness or safety of ultrasonic surgical systems. This document does not deal with airborne noise from the systems, which can affect operators and patients.
IEC 61847:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The upper frequency covered by this document has been raised from 60 kHz to 120 kHz.
b) The hydrophone method of measuring ultrasound power is now normative. Because of difficulties in using the calorimetry method of measuring ultrasound power, it is no longer the primary approach.
c) It is recognised that some systems can have more than one mode of vibration under user control, and the measurement techniques and declarations have been updated to address this.
d) The high-frequency component, which relates to cavitation developed at the applicator tip and the vibration amplitude at which cavitation occurs is addressed.
e) Specific requirements for measurement at excursion levels where no cavitation is present, and extrapolation to maximum excursion level(s) are described.
f) Guidance is provided to adapt the methodology described to more complex designs and vibration patterns, excursion directions, and their output characteristics.
g) Guidance is provided with respect to measurement tank arrangements for different types of systems.
h) The list of ultrasound methods and systems not covered by this document was extended to incorporate recent developments.
i) Definitions for cavitation related terms were added.
j) Requirements for the measurement of directivity characteristics of the applicator tip were changed.
k) Annex A was modified and Figure A.1 wa
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This document specifies a method to measure sound power by using sound intensity measurements on a measurement surface which encloses the sound source. This document provides guidelines on the acoustical environment, ambient noise, measurement surface, and number of measurements. The installation categories are generally designed to represent the physical orientation of a fan installed in accordance with ISO 5801, ISO 13350 and also defined in ISO 13349-1. This document is applicable to fans defined in ISO 5801 and ISO 13349-1. This document is limited to the determination of airborne sound emission for the specified installation categories. Vibration is not measured, nor is the sensitivity of airborne sound emission to vibration effects determined. The sizes of the fan, which can be tested in accordance with this document are limited only by the practical aspects of the test installations.
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This document specifies a computational method (in line with ISO 17201-4) for estimating the acoustic source data of muzzle blast and explosions on the basis of non-acoustic data for firearms with calibres less than 20 mm and explosions less than 50 g TNT equivalent. This document addresses those cases where no source measurements exist. This document can also be used as an interpolation method between measurements of muzzle blast. Source data are given in terms of spectral angular source energy covering the frequency range from 12,5 Hz to 10 kHz and can be used as data input for sound propagation calculation. This document does not apply to the prediction of sound levels for the assessment of hearing damage; nor can it be used to predict sound pressure levels or sound exposure levels at distances where linear acoustics do not apply.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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IEC 61847:2025 specifies: – the essential non-thermal output characteristics of ultrasonic surgical units; – methods of measurement of these output characteristics; – those characteristics to be declared by the manufacturers of such equipment. This document is applicable to equipment which meets the criteria of a), b) and c) below: a) ultrasonic surgical systems operating in the frequency range 20 kHz to 120 kHz; and b) ultrasonic surgical systems whose use is the fragmentation, emulsification, debridement, or cutting of human tissue, whether or not those effects are delivered in conjunction with tissue removal or coagulation; and c) ultrasonic surgical systems in which an acoustic wave is conducted by means of a specifically designed wave guide to deliver energy to the surgical site. This document is not applicable to: – lithotripsy equipment which uses extracorporeally induced pressure pulses, focused through liquid conducting media and the soft tissues of the body; – surgical systems used as part of the therapeutic process (hyperthermia systems); – surgical systems whose mechanism of action is through frictional heat generated by tissue in contact with the wave guide, e.g. clamp coagulators or clamping vibrational cutters; – surgical systems whose mechanism of action is through focused ultrasound for either thermal degradation (high intensity focused ultrasound – HIFU or HITU) or cavitation erosion (Histotripsy) of tissue remote from the ultrasound transducer; – surgical systems whose mechanism of action is through erosion of hard tissues in contact with the applicator tip, e.g. bone cutting or drilling. This document does not deal with the effectiveness or safety of ultrasonic surgical systems. This document does not deal with airborne noise from the systems, which can affect operators and patients. IEC 61847:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) The upper frequency covered by this document has been raised from 60 kHz to 120 kHz. b) The hydrophone method of measuring ultrasound power is now normative. Because of difficulties in using the calorimetry method of measuring ultrasound power, it is no longer the primary approach. c) It is recognised that some systems can have more than one mode of vibration under user control, and the measurement techniques and declarations have been updated to address this. d) The high-frequency component, which relates to cavitation developed at the applicator tip and the vibration amplitude at which cavitation occurs is addressed. e) Specific requirements for measurement at excursion levels where no cavitation is present, and extrapolation to maximum excursion level(s) are described. f) Guidance is provided to adapt the methodology described to more complex designs and vibration patterns, excursion directions, and their output characteristics. g) Guidance is provided with respect to measurement tank arrangements for different types of systems. h) The list of ultrasound methods and systems not covered by this document was extended to incorporate recent developments. i) Definitions for cavitation related terms were added. j) Requirements for the measurement of directivity characteristics of the applicator tip were changed. k) Annex A was modified and Figure A.1 wa
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 63522-32:2025 This document is used for testing under appropriate severities and conditions for measurements and tests designed to assess the ability of DUTs to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use. This document defines a standard test method to investigate the effect of acoustic noise in conjunction with the operating, releasing and cycling noise of a relay and the immunity of a relay to acoustic noise.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
1.1 This document specifies a direct measurement method for characterizing the surface roughness of the rail and wheel associated with rolling noise ("acoustic roughness"), in the form of a one-third octave band spectrum.
This document describes a method for:
a) selecting measuring positions along a track or selecting wheels of a vehicle;
b) selecting lateral positions for measurements;
c) the data acquisition procedure;
d) measurement data processing in order to estimate a set of one-third octave band roughness spectra;
e) presentation of this estimate for comparison with limits of acoustic roughness;
f) comparison with a given upper limit in terms of a one-third octave band wavelength spectrum;
g) the measuring system requirements.
1.2 It is applicable to the:
a) compliance testing of reference track sections in relation to the acceptance test for noise emitted by railway vehicles;
b) performance testing of track sections in relation to noise emitted by railway vehicles;
c) acceptance of the running surface condition only in the case where the acoustic roughness is the acceptance criterion;
d) assessment of the wheel surface condition as an input for the acoustic acceptance of brake blocks;
e) assessment of the wheel and rail roughness as input to the calculation of combined wheel rail roughness;
f) diagnosis of wheel-rail noise issues for specific tracks or wheels;
g) assessment of the wheel and rail roughness as input to rolling noise modelling;
h) assessment of the wheel and rail roughness as input to noise source separation methods.
1.3 It is not applicable to the:
a) measurement of roughness (rail roughness, wheel roughness or combined roughness) using an indirect method;
b) analysis of the effect of wheel-rail interaction, such as a “contact filter”;
c) approval of rail and wheel reprofiling, including rail grinding operations, except for those where the acoustic roughness is specifically the approval criterion (and not the grinding quality criteria as provided in e.g. EN 13231-3);
d) characterization of track and wheel geometry except where associated with noise generation.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
1.1 This document specifies a direct measurement method for characterizing the surface roughness of the rail and wheel associated with rolling noise ("acoustic roughness"), in the form of a one-third octave band spectrum.
This document describes a method for:
a) selecting measuring positions along a track or selecting wheels of a vehicle;
b) selecting lateral positions for measurements;
c) the data acquisition procedure;
d) measurement data processing in order to estimate a set of one-third octave band roughness spectra;
e) presentation of this estimate for comparison with limits of acoustic roughness;
f) comparison with a given upper limit in terms of a one-third octave band wavelength spectrum;
g) the measuring system requirements.
1.2 It is applicable to the:
a) compliance testing of reference track sections in relation to the acceptance test for noise emitted by railway vehicles;
b) performance testing of track sections in relation to noise emitted by railway vehicles;
c) acceptance of the running surface condition only in the case where the acoustic roughness is the acceptance criterion;
d) assessment of the wheel surface condition as an input for the acoustic acceptance of brake blocks;
e) assessment of the wheel and rail roughness as input to the calculation of combined wheel rail roughness;
f) diagnosis of wheel-rail noise issues for specific tracks or wheels;
g) assessment of the wheel and rail roughness as input to rolling noise modelling;
h) assessment of the wheel and rail roughness as input to noise source separation methods.
1.3 It is not applicable to the:
a) measurement of roughness (rail roughness, wheel roughness or combined roughness) using an indirect method;
b) analysis of the effect of wheel-rail interaction, such as a “contact filter”;
c) approval of rail and wheel reprofiling, including rail grinding operations, except for those where the acoustic roughness is specifically the approval criterion (and not the grinding quality criteria as provided in e.g. EN 13231-3);
d) characterization of track and wheel geometry except where associated with noise generation.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60704-2-3:2025 applies to single unit electric dishwashers for household and similar use, with or without automatic programme control, for cold and/or warm water supply, for detachable or permanent connection to water supply or sewage systems, intended for placing on the floor against a wall, for building-in or placing under a counter, a kitchen worktop or under a sink, for wall-mounting or on a counter. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alignment to IEC 60704-1:2021,
b) change of the position of the test sample in the test enclosure (aligned to IEC 60704 1:2021),
c) detergent changed (aligned to IEC 60436:2025).
This International Standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the fourth edition of IEC 60704-1:2021.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC 61847:2025 specifies:
– the essential non-thermal output characteristics of ultrasonic surgical units;
– methods of measurement of these output characteristics;
– those characteristics to be declared by the manufacturers of such equipment.
This document is applicable to equipment which meets the criteria of a), b) and c) below:
a) ultrasonic surgical systems operating in the frequency range 20 kHz to 120 kHz; and
b) ultrasonic surgical systems whose use is the fragmentation, emulsification, debridement, or cutting of human tissue, whether or not those effects are delivered in conjunction with tissue removal or coagulation; and
c) ultrasonic surgical systems in which an acoustic wave is conducted by means of a specifically designed wave guide to deliver energy to the surgical site.
This document is not applicable to:
– lithotripsy equipment which uses extracorporeally induced pressure pulses, focused through liquid conducting media and the soft tissues of the body;
– surgical systems used as part of the therapeutic process (hyperthermia systems);
– surgical systems whose mechanism of action is through frictional heat generated by tissue in contact with the wave guide, e.g. clamp coagulators or clamping vibrational cutters;
– surgical systems whose mechanism of action is through focused ultrasound for either thermal degradation (high intensity focused ultrasound – HIFU or HITU) or cavitation erosion (Histotripsy) of tissue remote from the ultrasound transducer;
– surgical systems whose mechanism of action is through erosion of hard tissues in contact with the applicator tip, e.g. bone cutting or drilling.
This document does not deal with the effectiveness or safety of ultrasonic surgical systems. This document does not deal with airborne noise from the systems, which can affect operators and patients.
IEC 61847:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) The upper frequency covered by this document has been raised from 60 kHz to 120 kHz.
b) The hydrophone method of measuring ultrasound power is now normative. Because of difficulties in using the calorimetry method of measuring ultrasound power, it is no longer the primary approach.
c) It is recognised that some systems can have more than one mode of vibration under user control, and the measurement techniques and declarations have been updated to address this.
d) The high-frequency component, which relates to cavitation developed at the applicator tip and the vibration amplitude at which cavitation occurs is addressed.
e) Specific requirements for measurement at excursion levels where no cavitation is present, and extrapolation to maximum excursion level(s) are described.
f) Guidance is provided to adapt the methodology described to more complex designs and vibration patterns, excursion directions, and their output characteristics.
g) Guidance is provided with respect to measurement tank arrangements for different types of systems.
h) The list of ultrasound methods and systems not covered by this document was extended to incorporate recent developments.
i) Definitions for cavitation related terms were added.
j) Requirements for the measurement of directivity characteristics of the applicator tip were changed.
k) Annex A was modified and Figure A.1 was added.
l) New literature was added, and the references to other standards were updated.
- Standard72 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
IEC 60704-2-11:2025 applies to electrically-operated food preparation appliances, either in the form of separate machines with a single function or in the form of multi-purpose machines with appropriate tools or attachments for several functions. These machines are intended for placing on counters, tables, work tops or sinks, for built-in, or for hand-held use, supplied from mains or from batteries and able to ensure the functions described in IEC 60619:1993, Clause 4 and IEC 60619:1993/AMD1:1995, Clause 4.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) definition of various kind of food preparation appliances added;
b) revision of the test conditions;
c) coffee mills and coffee grinders are removed from the scope.
This Part 2-11 is intended to be used in conjunction with the fourth edition of IEC 60704-1:2021, Household and similar electrical appliances - Test code for the determination of airborne acoustical noise - Part 1: General requirements.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for measuring in situ the sound absorption coefficient of road surfaces for the one-third octave band frequencies ranging from 250 Hz to 1 600 Hz under normal incidence conditions. If necessary for practical applications the diameter of the tube can be reduced to 80 mm. This will increase the upper boundary of the frequency range to 2 000 Hz one-third octave band (see REF Section_sec_5.4 \r \h 5.4 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B020000000800000010000000530065006300740069006F006E005F007300650063005F0035002E0034000000 ) but reduces the area under test. The test method is intended for the following applications: — determination of the sound absorption coefficient (and, if of interest, also the complex acoustical impedance) of semi-dense to dense road surfaces; — determination of the sound absorption properties of test tracks according to ISO 10844[ REF Reference_ref_4 \r \h 2 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B0200000008000000100000005200650066006500720065006E00630065005F007200650066005F0034000000 ] or other similar standards and test surfaces defined in national and international type approval regulations for road vehicles and their tyres; — verification of the compliance of the sound absorption coefficient of a road surface with design-specifications or other requirements.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides requirements and supporting information on analysis of data collected in situ through methods as specified in ISO/TS 12913-2.
- Technical specification24 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 60704-2-11:2025 applies to electrically-operated food preparation appliances, either in the form of separate machines with a single function or in the form of multi-purpose machines with appropriate tools or attachments for several functions. These machines are intended for placing on counters, tables, work tops or sinks, for built-in, or for hand-held use, supplied from mains or from batteries and able to ensure the functions described in IEC 60619:1993, Clause 4 and IEC 60619:1993/AMD1:1995, Clause 4. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) definition of various kind of food preparation appliances added; b) revision of the test conditions; c) coffee mills and coffee grinders are removed from the scope. This Part 2-11 is intended to be used in conjunction with the fourth edition of IEC 60704-1:2021, Household and similar electrical appliances - Test code for the determination of airborne acoustical noise - Part 1: General requirements.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides a definition, a conceptual framework and a categorisation framework for non-acoustic factors (sometimes also referred to as “contextual factors”). It identifies and lists attributes relevant to the measurements, reporting and assessment of self-reported health outcomes attributable to noise and soundscape studies, as well as for the planning, design and management of soundscape and noise interventions.
- Technical specification6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a procedure for determining the magnitude of pavement surface megatexture by measuring the surface profile and calculating a megatexture descriptor from this profile. The technique is designed to give meaningful and accurate measurements and descriptions of pavement megatexture for various purposes, such as for the prediction of the acoustic quality of the pavement or the assessment of the rolling resistance.
Since there is an overlap between megatexture and the surrounding ranges, megatexture descriptors unavoidably have a certain correlation with corresponding measures in those ranges. This document specifies measurements and procedures which are in relevant parts compatible with those in ISO 13473-1[4], ISO 8608[6] and EN 13036-5[7].
- Standard47 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60704-2-4:2025 applies to single unit electrical washing machines and the washing and spinning function of combined appliances for household and similar use and to spin extractors for household and similar use.
For washer-dryers, see IEC 60704-2-16:2019.
Requirements for the declaration of noise emission values are not within the scope of this standard.
For determining and verifying noise emission values declared in product specifications, see IEC 60704-3:2019.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alignment to IEC 60704-1:2021;
b) alignment to Edition 6 of IEC 60456:2024, especially regarding test programme and detergent;
c) considering multi-compartment washing machines;
d) considering wall-mounted washing machines;
e) definition of the drum speed measurement;
f) adapting parts for standard test load and test programme.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with the fourth edition of IEC 60704-1:2021.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61846:2025 is applicable to:
– therapy equipment using extracorporeally induced focused pressure pulse waves;
– therapy equipment producing focused mechanical energy excluding thermal energy.
This document does not apply to percutaneous and laser lithotripsy equipment.
This document does not apply to:
– histotripsy or other therapeutic ultrasound bursts of longer time duration than that of the pressure pulse;
– non-focused pressure pulse equipment.
This document specifies:
– measurable parameters which could be used in the declaration of the acoustic output of extracorporeal focused pressure pulse equipment;
– methods of measurement and characterization of the pressure field generated by focused pressure pulse equipment.
While this document has been developed for equipment intended for use in lithotripsy, it has been developed such that, as long as no other specific standards are available to be used for other medical applications of therapeutic extracorporeal focused pressure pulse equipment, this document can be used as a guideline.
IEC 61846:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Change of title: "pressure pulse lithotripters" in the previous edition is changed to "therapeutic focused short pressure pulse sources" in order to take into account the development in the relevant technical and biomedical applications of such sources, which were originally used only for (kidney) lithotripsy, while recent applications include a wide range for the treatment of, for example, stone diseases, orthopaedic pain, tissue, cardiac and brain diseases.
The term "focused" was added to differentiate IEC 61846 from IEC 63045.
The term "short" was added to align the nomenclature to IEC 63045 and to differentiate IEC 61846 from standards in the HIFU and HITU fields.
b) Clause 1 and elsewhere in the document: The term "lithotripsy" is changed to "therapy" in order to account for the wide range of applications beyond stone diseases.
c) Clause 3: The "−6 dB" parameter definitions are replaced by "−n dB" to avoid misconceptions in the significance and use of these parameters and to account for newer findings in literature.
Additional "n MPa" parameters are introduced for the same reasons.
The definitions of "derived" parameters are aligned to those in recently published standards, for example IEC 62127-1.
New definitions were added which describe parameters appearing in newer relevant literature, for example "momentum", "average positive acoustic pressure", "cavitation induction index", "pulse to pulse variability", "total pressure pulse energy dose".
d) Clause 6: The terms "focus hydrophone" and "field hydrophone" were removed to account for newer technical developments. New terms distinguish between "hydrophones for pressure pulse measurements" and "hydrophones for quality assurance".
e) Annexes: Descriptions, tables and figures were edited to account for newer literature and standards as well as technical developments.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60704-2-4:2025 applies to single unit electrical washing machines and the washing and spinning function of combined appliances for household and similar use and to spin extractors for household and similar use. For washer-dryers, see IEC 60704-2-16:2019. Requirements for the declaration of noise emission values are not within the scope of this standard. For determining and verifying noise emission values declared in product specifications, see IEC 60704-3:2019. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) alignment to IEC 60704-1:2021; b) alignment to Edition 6 of IEC 60456:2024, especially regarding test programme and detergent; c) considering multi-compartment washing machines; d) considering wall-mounted washing machines; e) definition of the drum speed measurement; f) adapting parts for standard test load and test programme. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with the fourth edition of IEC 60704-1:2021.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a procedure for determining the magnitude of pavement surface megatexture by measuring the surface profile and calculating a megatexture descriptor from this profile. The technique is designed to give meaningful and accurate measurements and descriptions of pavement megatexture for various purposes, such as for the prediction of the acoustic quality of the pavement or the assessment of the rolling resistance.
Since there is an overlap between megatexture and the surrounding ranges, megatexture descriptors unavoidably have a certain correlation with corresponding measures in those ranges. This document specifies measurements and procedures which are in relevant parts compatible with those in ISO 13473-1[4], ISO 8608[6] and EN 13036-5[7].
- Standard47 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60704-2-11:2025 applies to electrically-operated food preparation appliances, either in the form of separate machines with a single function or in the form of multi-purpose machines with appropriate tools or attachments for several functions. These machines are intended for placing on counters, tables, work tops or sinks, for built-in, or for hand-held use, supplied from mains or from batteries and able to ensure the functions described in IEC 60619:1993, Clause 4 and IEC 60619:1993/AMD1:1995, Clause 4.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) definition of various kind of food preparation appliances added;
b) revision of the test conditions;
c) coffee mills and coffee grinders are removed from the scope.
This Part 2-11 is intended to be used in conjunction with the fourth edition of IEC 60704-1:2021, Household and similar electrical appliances - Test code for the determination of airborne acoustical noise - Part 1: General requirements.
- Standard70 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
These particular requirements apply to single unit electric tumble dryers for household and similar use intended for placing on the floor against a wall, for building-in or placing under a counter, a kitchen worktop or under a sink, for wall-mounting or on a counter.
This standard is also applicable for gas-fired electric tumble dryers
- Amendment6 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Amendment6 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a procedure for determining the magnitude of pavement surface megatexture by measuring the surface profile and calculating a megatexture descriptor from this profile. The technique is designed to give meaningful and accurate measurements and descriptions of pavement megatexture for various purposes, such as for the prediction of the acoustic quality of the pavement or the assessment of the rolling resistance. Since there is an overlap between megatexture and the surrounding ranges, megatexture descriptors unavoidably have a certain correlation with corresponding measures in those ranges. This document specifies measurements and procedures which are in relevant parts compatible with those in ISO 13473-1[4], ISO 8608[6] and EN 13036-5[7].
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard41 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard41 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Amendment6 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
These particular requirements apply to single unit electric tumble dryers for household and similar use intended for placing on the floor against a wall, for building-in or placing under a counter, a kitchen worktop or under a sink, for wall-mounting or on a counter. This standard is also applicable for gas-fired electric tumble dryers
- Amendment6 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 62127-2:2025 specifies:
- absolute hydrophone calibration methods;
- relative (comparative) hydrophone calibration methods.
Recommendations and references to accepted literature are made for the various relative and absolute calibration methods in the frequency range covered by this document.
This document is applicable to
- hydrophones used for measurements made in water and in the ultrasonic frequency range 50 kHz to 100 MHz;
- hydrophones employing piezoelectric sensor elements, designed to measure the pulsed wave and continuous wave ultrasonic fields generated by ultrasonic equipment;
- hydrophones with or without a hydrophone pre-amplifier.
IEC 62127-2:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007, Amendment 1:2013 and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the upper frequency limit of 40 MHz has been removed;
b) hydrophone sensitivity definitions have been changed to recognize sensitivities as complex-valued quantities;
c) directional response measurement and effective size determination procedures have been updated in 12.5.1 to align with recent changes in IEC 62127-3;
d) Annex F has been amended to comprise a calibration technique for high-frequency complex-valued calibration;
e) the reciprocity method description in Annex K was extended to also comprise focusing transducers.
- Standard117 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 62127-2:2025 specifies: - absolute hydrophone calibration methods; - relative (comparative) hydrophone calibration methods. Recommendations and references to accepted literature are made for the various relative and absolute calibration methods in the frequency range covered by this document. This document is applicable to - hydrophones used for measurements made in water and in the ultrasonic frequency range 50 kHz to 100 MHz; - hydrophones employing piezoelectric sensor elements, designed to measure the pulsed wave and continuous wave ultrasonic fields generated by ultrasonic equipment; - hydrophones with or without a hydrophone pre-amplifier. IEC 62127-2:2025 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007, Amendment 1:2013 and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the upper frequency limit of 40 MHz has been removed; b) hydrophone sensitivity definitions have been changed to recognize sensitivities as complex-valued quantities; c) directional response measurement and effective size determination procedures have been updated in 12.5.1 to align with recent changes in IEC 62127-3; d) Annex F has been amended to comprise a calibration technique for high-frequency complex-valued calibration; e) the reciprocity method description in Annex K was extended to also comprise focusing transducers.
- Standard117 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes the procedure for the determination of the speed of sound in a fluid enclosed in a pipe, by measurements from pressure transducers mounted in the pipe. This document is applicable to all types of hydraulic circuit operating under steady state conditions, irrespective of size, for pressure pulsations over a frequency range from 10 Hz to 3 kHz.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard25 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off