TC 44 - Safety of machinery - Electrotechnical aspects

IEC 60050-428:2023 gives the general terminology used in the domain of Safety of machinery - Electrotechnical aspects. It has the status of a horizontal publication in accordance with IEC Guide 108. This terminology is consistent with the terminology developed in the other specialized parts of the IEV.

IEC 62061:2021 specifies requirements and makes recommendations for the design, integration and validation of safety-related control systems (SCS) for machines. It is applicable to control systems used, either singly or in combination, to carry out safety functions on machines that are not portable by hand while working, including a group of machines working together in a coordinated manner.
This document is a machinery sector specific standard within the framework of IEC 61508 (all parts).
The design of complex programmable electronic subsystems or subsystem elements is not within the scope of this document.
The main body of this sector standard specifies general requirements for the design, and verification of a safety-related control system intended to be used in high/continuous demand mode.
This document:
– is concerned only with functional safety requirements intended to reduce the risk of hazardous situations;
– is restricted to risks arising directly from the hazards of the machine itself or from a group of machines working together in a coordinated manner;
This document does not cover
– electrical hazards arising from the electrical control equipment itself (e.g. electric shock - see IEC 60204-1);
– other safety requirements necessary at the machine level such as safeguarding;
– specific measures for security aspects – see IEC TR 63074.
This document is not intended to limit or inhibit technological advancement.
IEC 62061:2021 cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2005, Amendment 1:2012 and Amendment 2:2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
– structure has been changed and contents have been updated to reflect the design process of the safety function,
– standard extended to non-electrical technologies,
– definitions updated to be aligned with IEC 61508-4,
– functional safety plan introduced and configuration management updated (Clause 4),
– requirements on parametrization expanded (Clause 6),
– reference to requirements on security added (Subclause 6.8),
– requirements on periodic testing added (Subclause 6.9),
– various improvements and clarification on architectures and reliability calculations (Clause 6 and Clause 7),
– shift from "SILCL" to "maximum SIL" of a subsystem (Clause 7),
– use cases for software described including requirements (Clause 8),
– requirements on independence for software verification (Clause 8) and validation activities (Clause 9) added,
– new informative annex with examples (Annex G),
– new informative annexes on typical MTTFD values, diagnostics and calculation methods for the architectures (Annex C, Annex D and Annex H).

IEC TS 61496-5:2023 provides particular requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to provide whole-body detection of a person or persons as part of a safety-related system, employing radar protective devices (RPDs) responsive to diffuse reflection of radar signals for the sensing function using frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) technique. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2020 and Annex A of this document.
The requirements given in this document are related to the detection of adult persons being present in an industrial manufacturing environment.
This document does not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine.
This document does not consider the aspects of a moving RPD application. Additional consideration can be necessary, if the RPD supplier specifies the RPD for use on moving application.
Additional requirements and tests can apply if setup of the RPD differs from Figure 2 and Figure 4.
Where this document does not contain all necessary provisions, IEC TS 62998-1 is used.
For those aspects not considered in this document it is also possible to additionally use provisions from IEC TS 62998-1.
Excluded from this document are RPDs that employ electromagnetic radiation outside the range 9 GHz to 81 GHz (identified as subset of band 10 and band 11 in accordance with ITU Radio Regulations). For sensing devices that employ electromagnetic radiation outside this range, this document can be used as a guide. National regulations can limit the available frequencies.
This document can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons, for example for the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, different requirements can be appropriate, for example when the materials to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons.
This document does not deal with requirements for ESPE functions not related to the protection of persons (e.g. using sensing unit data for navigation).
While a data interface can be used to control optional safety-related ESPE functions (Annex A), this document does not provide specific requirements. Requirements for these safety-related functions can be determined by consulting other standards (for example, IEC 61508, IEC 62046, IEC 62061, and ISO 13849-1).
This document does not deal with EMC emission requirements.
The contents of the corrigendum of October 2023 have been included in this copy.

IEC TS 62998-3:2023 gives guidance on:
- analysis of sensor technologies of different wavelength ranges, measurement methods, and the sensing unit arrangement in an SRS, respectively the arrangement of SRSs in an SRSS;
- representative physical properties of safety-related objects with due consideration of their material characteristics and the sensor technology/technologies used in an SRS/SRSS to achieve the detection capability and comparable results during verification and validation;
- analysis of the interference of objects present in the surrounding on the safety related objects and thereby the influence on the dependability of the detection capability;
- use of algorithms during design, development and maintenance to achieve appropriate detection capability and dependability of detection;
- appropriate use of algorithms during the integration of SRS or SRSS by the integrator to improve execution of measurement information or provide decision information derived from measurement information.
If an SRS/SRSS uses sensor technologies not stated in this document, then the generic approach in accordance with IEC TS 62998-1 applies.

IEC 60204-32:2023 applies to electrical, electronic, programmable electronic equipment and systems to hoisting machines and related equipment, including a group of hoisting machines working together in a co-ordinated manner. The equipment covered by this document commences at the point of connection of the supply to the electrical equipment of the hoisting machine (crane-supply-switch) and includes systems for power supply and control feeders situated outside of the hoisting machine, for example, flexible cables or conductor wires or conductor bars. This document is applicable to equipment or parts of equipment not exceeding 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC between lines and with nominal frequencies not exceeding 200 Hz. This document does not cover all the requirements (for example guarding, interlocking, or control) that are needed or required by other standards or regulations in order to protect persons from hazards other than electrical hazards. Each type of hoisting machine has unique requirements to be accommodated to provide adequate safety. This document does not cover noise risks. Additional and special requirements can apply to the electrical equipment of hoisting machines including those that
– handle or transport potentially explosive material (e.g. paint or sawdust);
– are intended for use in potentially explosive and/or flammable atmospheres;
– have special risks when transporting or moving certain materials;
– are intended for use in mines.
For the purposes of this document, hoisting machines include cranes of all types, winches of all types and storage and retrieval machines. The following product groups are included:
– overhead travelling cranes;
– mobile cranes;
– tower cranes;
– slewing luffing cranes;
– gantry cranes;
– offshore cranes;
– floating cranes;
– winches of all types;
– hoists and accessories;
– loader cranes;
– cable cranes;
– load holding devices;
– storage and retrieval machines;
– monorail hoists;
– straddle carriers;
– rubber tyred gantry cranes (RTGs).
This document does not cover individual items of electrical equipment other than their selection for use and their erection.
IEC 60204-32:2023 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alignment to the IEC 60204-1 sixth edition (2016) especially for:
– requirements for earthing and bonding;
– requirements for circuit protection;
– consideration of use of Power Drive Systems;
– protective bonding requirements and terminology;
– requirements pertaining to safe torque off for PDS, emergency stop, and control circuit protection;
– symbols for actuators of control devices;
b) reference for high voltage electrical equipment;
c) cableless control system requirements;
d) EMC requirements;
e) technical documentation requirements;
f) general updating to current special national conditions, normative standards, and bibliographical references.

IEC TS 63394:2023 In the context of the safety of machinery, the sector standard IEC 62061, along with ISO 13849 1, provides requirements to manufacturers of machines for the design, development and integration of safety-related control systems (SCS) or safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS), depending on technology used (mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic or electrical technologies) to perform safety function(s). This document does not replace ISO 13849-1 and IEC 62061. This document gives additional guidance to the application of IEC 62061 or ISO 13849-1.
This document:
– gives guidelines and specifies additional requirements for specific safety functions based on the methodology of ISO 12100, which are relevant in machinery and respecting typical boundary conditions of machinery;
– considers safety functions which are designed for high demand mode of operation yet are rarely operated, called rarely activated safety functions;
– gives additional information for the calculation of failure rates using other (non-electronic) technologies based e.g. on Weibull distribution, because all the formula defined in IEC 62061 and ISO 13849-1 are based on exponential distribution.
Therefore, the basis for these guidelines and additional requirements is
– a typical classification of safety functions;
– a consideration of typical architectures used for designing safety functions;
– a consideration of modes of operation of safety functions;
– the derivation and evaluation of PFH formulas for subsystems considering the used technology.
This document does not address low demand mode of operation according to IEC 61508.
This document does not take into account either layer of protection analysis (LOPA) or basic process control system (BPCS), according to IEC 61511 as a risk reduction measure.
This document considers all lifecycle phases of the machine regarding functional safety, and SCS or SRP/CS.

IEC TS 63074:2023 identifies the relevant aspects of the IEC 62443 series related to security threats and vulnerabilities that are considered for the design and implementation of safety-related control systems (SCS) which can lead to the loss of the ability to maintain safe operation of a machine.
Typical security aspects related to the machine with potential relation to SCS are:
– vulnerabilities of the SCS either directly or indirectly through the other parts of the machine which can be exploited by security threats that can result in security attacks (security breach);
– influence on the safety characteristics and ability of the SCS to properly perform its function(s);
– typical use case definition and application of a corresponding threat model.
Non-safety-related aspects of security threats and vulnerabilities are not considered in this document.
The focus of this document is on intentional malicious actions. However, intentional hardware manipulation (e.g. wiring, exchange of components) or foreseeable misuse by physical manipulation of SCS (e.g. physical bypass) is not considered in this document.
This document does not cover security requirements for information technology (IT) products and for the design of devices used in the SCS (e.g., product specific standards can be available, such as IEC TS 63208).

IEC TS 61496-4-3:2022 specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons or parts of persons as part of a safety-related system, employing vision-based protective devices (VBPDs) using stereo vision techniques (VBPDST) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2020 and this document. Where this document does not contain all necessary provisions, IEC TS 62998-1 applies. It is also possible, for those aspects not considered in this document, to use provisions from IEC TS 62998-1 additionally. This document does not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine. The detection principle is based on the evaluation of images from different viewing points (stereoscopic view) for the determination of distance information. This distance information is used to determine the position of an object(s).
– This document is limited to vision based ESPEs with fixed distances (stereo base) and fixed directions of the optical axes using a fixed focal length.
– It is limited to vision based ESPEs that do not require human intervention for detection.
– It is limited to vision based ESPEs that detect objects entering into or being present in a detection zone(s).
– It is limited to VBPDSTs employing radiation at wavelengths within the range 400 nm to 1 500 nm.
– This document does not address those aspects required for complex classification or differentiation of the object detected.
– This document does not consider the aspects of a moving ESPE installation.
Additional requirements and tests can apply in the following cases:
– Use of multi-spectral (colour) techniques;
– Setups other than as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 (e.g. changing backgrounds, horizontal orientation of the optical axis with respect to the floor);
– Intended for outdoor applications.
This document is relevant for VBPDSTs having a stated detection capability up to 200 mm. This document can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons or parts of persons like arm or fingers (in the range 14 mm to 200 mm), for example the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, additional requirements can be necessary, for example when the materials that are to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons. This document does not deal with EMC emission requirements.
IEC TS 61496-4-3:2022 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2015-05. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Some requirement clauses and test procedures have been adapted or removed because they have been consolidated in IEC 61496-1:2020 (e.g. 5.4.6.2 Light sources or Clause A.9).

IEC TS 61496-4-2:2022 specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety-related system, employing vision-based protective devices (VBPDs) using reference pattern techniques (VBPDPP) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2020 and this document. Where this document does not contain all necessary provisions, then IEC TS 62998-1 applies. It is also possible, for those aspects not considered in this document, to use provisions from IEC TS 62998-1 additionally. This document does not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine. A VBPDPP is defined as consisting of a single image-sensing device viewing on a passive reference pattern as the background and where the detection principle is based on blocking or partially preventing the view of the pattern. Information about the thickness, shape, surface characteristics or location of the object is not required for detection. For multi-image sensing devices, additional techniques, requirements and test procedures can be necessary.
- This document is limited to automatic vision-based ESPEs that do not require human intervention for detection.
- It is limited to automatic vision-based ESPEs that detect objects entering into, or are present in, a detection zone(s).
- It is limited to ESPEs using active illumination technique.
- Excluded from this technical specification are VBPDPPs employing radiation at wavelengths outside the range 400 nm to 1 500 nm.
- This document does not address those aspects required for complex classification or differentiation of the object detected.
This document is relevant for VBPDPPs having a stated detection capability up to 200 mm. This document does not deal with EMC emission requirements.
IEC TS 61496-4-2:2022 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Some requirement clauses and test procedures have been adapted or removed because they have been consolidated in IEC 61496-1:2020 (e.g. 5.4.6.2 of IEC 61496-1:2020 Light sources or Clause A.9).

IEC TR 63161:2022 can be used where a risk assessment according to ISO 12100 has been conducted for a machine or process plant and where a safety related control function has been selected for implementation as a protective measure against specified hazards. This document describes an example basic logical rationale to assign a safety integrity requirement to the selected function.
The description is generic and as far as reasonably possible independent from any specific tool or method that can be used for assignment of a safety integrity requirement. The requirement can be expressed as a safety integrity level (SIL), or performance level (PL).
An example basic rationale is described that is embodied by such methods and tools, as far as they follow a risk based quantitative approach.
Conversely, the logic described in this document can be used as a reference for assessing specific methods or tools for safety integrity assignment. This can clarify how far the respective tool/method is following a risk based quantitative approach, and where deviations from that approach are imposed by other considerations. In real applications, the quantitative risk based approach can be modified or overridden by other considerations in many cases and for good reasons. It is not within the scope of this document to discuss or evaluate such reasons. Usually the reasons for deviations from a given tool or method from a quantitative logic are provided, so that this can be discussed in the proper frame.
Examples for such analyses are provided for common assignment tools in the format of risk graphs and risk matrices.
This document can be used for safety related control functions in all modes of application: continuous mode, high demand mode and low demand mode of application.

IEC 60204-1:2016 applies to electrical, electronic and programmable electronic equipment and systems to machines not portable by hand while working, including a group of machines working together in a co-ordinated manner. The equipment covered by this part of IEC 60204 commences at the point of connection of the supply to the electrical equipment of the machine. This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2005. It constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- added requirements to address applications involving power drive systems (PDS);
- revised electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements;
- clarified overcurrent protection requirements;
- requirements for determination of the short circuit current rating of the electrical equipment;
- revised protective bonding requirements and terminology;
- reorganization and revision to Clause 9, including requirements pertaining to safe torque off of PDS, emergency stop, and control circuit protection;
- revised symbols for actuators of control devices;
- revised technical documentation requirements;
- general updating to current special national conditions, normative standards, and bibliographical references.

IEC 61496-2:2020 specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety-related system, employing active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2020 and of this document.
This document does not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine.
Excluded from this document are AOPDs employing radiation at wavelengths outside the range 400 nm to 1 500 nm.
This document can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons, for example, the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, additional requirements can be necessary, for example, when the materials that are to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons.
This document does not deal with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emission requirements.
IEC 61496-2:2020 cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Requirements and test procedures in Part 2 that were found to be common to all ESPEs have been moved to Part 1. Test procedures that are dependent on the sensing technology remain in Part 2.

IEC 61496-1:2020 specifies general requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons or part of a person as part of a safety-related system. Special attention is directed to functional and design requirements that ensure an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A.
This document is intended to be used with a subsequent part of IEC 61496 that provides particular requirements based on the sensing technology.
Where a part covering the sensing technology does not exist, IEC TS 62998-1 is used.
Where the IEC 61496 series does not contain all necessary provisions, IEC TS 62998-1 is used.
It is an additional possibility to combine those aspects covered by the IEC 61496 series in addition to IEC TS 62998-1.
This document does not specify the dimensions or configuration of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazards in any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine.
While a data interface can be used to control optional safety-related ESPE functions (Annex A), this document does not provide specific requirements. Requirements for these safety-related functions can be determined by consulting other standards (for example, IEC 61508 (all parts), IEC TS 62046, IEC 62061, and ISO 13849-1).
This document can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons, for example for the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, different requirements can be appropriate, for example when the materials that have to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons.
This document does not deal with requirements for ESPE functions not related to the protection of persons (e.g. using sensing unit data for navigation).
This document does not deal with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emission requirements.
IEC 61496-1:2020 cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) It has been clarified that some requirements for ESPEs that are dependent on sensing technology are not included in IEC 61496-1. They are provided in a subsequent part of IEC 61496.
b) Requirements for protection against environmental influences from subsequent parts of IEC 61496 that are common to all ESPEs have been consolidated into IEC 61496-1.
c) Some test procedures in IEC 61496-1 were incomplete. They have been expanded with more detail and step by step procedures.
d) Some requirements and procedures in IEC 61496-1 are now covered by new generic machine safety standards. The requirements in IEC 61496-1 have been harmonized with references to the new generic standards.

IEC TR 62998-2:2020 establishes guidance for the application of IEC TS 62998-1:2019.
It provides examples of:
– application for which SRS/SRSS are relevant,
– use of SRS/SRSS information from an application point of view,
– fusion of SRS into SRSS for given applications, and
– appropriate information for use for given applications.

IEC TS 62998-1:2019 gives requirements for the development and integration of safety related sensors (SRS) and safety related sensor systems (SRSS) used for protection of persons with special attention to systematic capabilities.
This generic standard only applies if
– protection of persons is to be performed by using sensors, and
– standards for functional safety of electrical control systems address sensor(s) as subsystem or subsystem element, and
– product specific sensor standards (e.g. IEC 61496 (all parts), IEC 60947-5-2) do not contain all necessary provisions, or product specific sensor standards are not developed.
The approach of examination of systematic capabilities by using different safety related sensor standards is described in Annex A.
The requirements and methods within this document are limited to the purpose of protection of persons
– by detection of potentially hazardous objects,
– by detection of a body, parts of a body and objects associated to parts of a body entering a hazardous area, or
– by classification respective discrimination of these against other objects.
Special attention is given to the sensing function and dependability of the detection capability. Environmental influences and tests for indoor and outdoor use are defined which influence the sensing function and dependability of the detection capability.
IEC TS 62998-1:2019 can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons in industries, for example, for the protection of persons in public like agriculture or metro stations.
IEC TS 62998-1:2019 does not consider and address proven in use (e.g. processes or elements) as done in IEC 61508-2.

IEC 61496-3:2018 specifies additional requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons or parts of persons as part of a safety-related system, employing active opto-electronic protective devices responsive to diffuse reflection (AOPDDRs) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to requirements which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given both in Annex A of this document and in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2012. IEC 61496-3:2018 not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine. AOPDDRs are devices that have either
– one or more detection zone(s) specified in two dimensions (AOPDDR-2D), or
– one or more detection zone(s) specified in three dimensions (AOPDDR-3D)
wherein radiation in the near infrared range is emitted by an emitting element(s). When the emitted radiation impinges on an object (for example, a person or part of a person), a portion of the emitted radiation is reflected to a receiving element(s) by diffuse reflection. This reflection is used to determine the position of the object. Opto-electronic devices that perform only a single one-dimensional spot-like distance measurement, for example, optical proximity switches, are not covered by this document. IEC 61496-3:2018 does not address those aspects required for complex classification or differentiation of the object detected. IEC 61496-3:2018 does not address requirements and tests for outdoor application. Excluded from IEC 61496-3:2018 are AOPDDRs employing radiation with the peak of wavelength outside the range 820 nm to 950 nm, and those employing radiation other than that generated by the AOPDDR itself. For sensing devices that employ radiation of wavelengths outside this range, this document can be used as a guide. IEC 61496-3:2018 is relevant for AOPDDRs having a minimum detectable object size in the range from 30 mm to 200 mm. IEC 61496-3:2018 can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons, for example, for the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, different requirements can be appropiate, for example when the materials that have to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons and their clothing. IEC 61496-3:2018 does not deal with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emission requirements. IEC 61496-3:2018 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision. IEC 61496-3:2018 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) extension of the scope from AOPDDR-2D to AOPDDR-3D;
b) extension of the scope from Type 3 ESPE to Type 2 ESPE;
c) implementation of requirements and test procedures for AOPDDR-3D and Type 2 ESPE;
d) listing of reference boundary monitoring as an optional function of the ESPE;
e) implementation of instructions for positioning of AOPDDR-3D in respect of parts of the human body;
f) revised requirement for combinations of single faults with conditions for no failure to danger, see for example 4.2.2.4, last paragraph.
IEC 61496-3:2018 is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61496-1:2012.

IEC 60204-11:2018 applies to electrical and electronic equipment and systems to machines, including a group of machines working together in a co-ordinated manner, which operate at nominal voltages above 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC and not exceeding 36 kV AC or DC with nominal frequencies not exceeding 60 Hz. IEC 60204-11:2018 cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2000. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition contains significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition regarding the following:
– aspects of risk assessment, which are mirrored from ISO 12100;
– equipotential bonding and earthing;
– EMC and power quality;
– HV switchgear and controlgear;
– creepage distances for conductors and slip-ring assemblies;
– a list of machinery using HV equipment, in Annex A.
IEC 60204-11:2018 has been updated and improved to reflect the experience gained with the first edition and the evolution of high-voltage equipment reflected in the relevant standards. Regarding formal requirements, IEC 60204-11 has been aligned with
– IEC 60204-1:2016,
– IEC 61936-1:2010 and IEC 61936-1:2010/AMD1:2014,
– IEC 62271 (all parts). This document is intended to be used in conjunction with IEC 60204-1.

IEC 62046:2018 specifies requirements for the selection, positioning, configuration and commissioning of protective equipment to detect the momentary or continued presence of persons in order to protect those persons from dangerous part(s) of machinery in industrial applications. This standard covers the application of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) specified in IEC 61496 (all parts) and pressure sensitive mats and floors specified in ISO 13856-1.
It takes into account the characteristics of the machinery, the protective equipment, the environment and human interaction by persons of 14 years and older.
This document includes informative annexes to provide guidance on the application of protective equipment to detect the presence of persons. These annexes contain examples to illustrate the principles of this standard. These examples are not intended to be the only solutions to a given application and are not intended to restrict innovation or advancement of technology. The examples are provided only as representative solutions to illustrate some of the concepts of integration of protective equipment, and have been simplified for clarity, so they may be incomplete.
This first edition cancels and replaces IEC TS 62046, published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 62046:2008:
a) additional annexes relating to muting and vision systems,
b) muting requirements have been updated,
c) blanking requirements have been updated,
d) addition of IEC 61496 series Types and capping the Safety Integrity level according to IEC 62061 and performance levels according to ISO 13849-1,
e) alignment to changes in IEC 61496 series

IEC 62745:2017 specifies requirements for the functionality and interfacing of cableless (for example, radio, infra-red) control systems that provide communication between operator control station(s) and the control system of a machine. Specific requirements are included for such operator control stations that are portable by the operator.

IEC TS 60204-34:2016(E) applies to electrical, electronic and programmable electronic equipment and systems of machine tools not portable by hand while working, including a group of machines working together in a co-ordinated manner. In this part of IEC 60204, machine tools means all machines for the working of metal, wood, plastics and stone, operating by forming or removal of material.

IEC TS 61496-4-3:2015(E) specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons or parts of persons as part of a safety-related system, employing vision-based protective devices (VBPDs) using stereo vision techniques (VBPDST) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61496-1:2012.

IEC TS 61496-4-2:2014 supplements or modifies the corresponding clauses in IEC 61496-1:2012 to specify particular requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) for the safeguarding of machinery, employing vision based protective devices (VBPD) using passive reference pattern techniques (VBPDPP) for the sensing function.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61496-1:2012.

IEC 60204-31:2013 applies to electrical and electronic equipment, sewing machines, units and systems, designed specifically for professional use in the sewing industry. It is applicable to the electrical equipment or parts of the electrical equipment which operate with nominal supply voltages not exceeding 1 000 V for alternating current and not exceeding 1 500 V for direct current, and with nominal frequencies not exceeding 200 Hz. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition, published in 2001 and constitutes a technical revision. It includes the following changes:
- Alignment of the normative references;
- Alignment of titles and subtitles to the IEC 60204-1;
- Revision of Annex AA to align this annex with the relevant IEC standards.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 60204-1:2009.

IEC 61496-2:2013 specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety-related system, employing active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE may include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61946-1:2012 and of this part. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2006. It constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- Requirements have been corrected and made easier to understand.
- Test procedures have been revised to make them easier to perform and to improve repeatability.
- Guidance is provided for the evaluation and verification of AOPDs using design techniques for which the test procedures of this part are not sufficient.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 61496-1:2012.

IEC 61496-1:2012 specifies general requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety related system. Special attention is directed to functional and design requirements that ensure an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE may include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2004 and its amendment 1 (2007). The main changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows: The design, test and verification requirements have been updated to make them consistent with the latest standards for functional safety and EMC. The contents of the corrigendum of April 2015 have been included in this copy.

IEC 60204-33:2009 applies to electrical and electronic equipment associated with semiconductor fabrication equipment for the manufacture, measurement, assembly, and test of semiconductors. It is applicable to the electrical equipment or parts of the electrical equipment that operate with nominal supply voltages not exceeding 1 000 V for alternating current (a.c.) and not exceeding 1 500 V for direct current (d.c.), and with nominal supply frequencies not exceeding 200 Hz. For higher voltages or frequencies, special requirements IEC 60204 applies to electrical and electronic equipment associated with semiconductor fabrication equipment for the manufacture, measurement, assembly, and test of semiconductors.

applies to the application of electrical, electronic and programmable electronic equipment and systems to machines not portable by hand while working, including a group of machines working together in a co-ordinated manner

Applies to equipment and sub-assemblies forming those constituent components of diagnostic X-ray installations that generate, influence the propagation of, and detect the X-radiation, and process, present and store the radiological information. Presents the concept of quality assurance in diagnostic X-ray departments, and introduces a series of test methods to be carried out under the responsibility of the user. This publication has the status of a technical report.

IEC 60204-32 applies to the application of electrical and electronic equipment and systems to hoisting machines and related equipment. The equipment covered by this standard commences at the point of connection of the supply to the electrical equipment of the hoisting machine (crane-supply-switch) including systems for power supply and control feeders situated outside of the hoisting machine, for example, flexible cables or conductor wires or conductor bars. This standard is applicable to equipment or parts of equipment not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. between lines and with nominal frequencies not exceeding 200 Hz. For the purposes of this standard, hoisting machines include cranes of all types, winches of all types, and storage and retrieval machines. It includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- deletion of Clause 11 of the previous edition;
- modification of the structure of equipotential bonding (Clause 8);
- separation of control functions (Clause 9) and devices (Clause 10);
- structure of technical documentation (Clause 17);
- verification of protection by automatic disconnection of supply (18.2);
- Subclause 9.2.7 on cableless controls has been modified.

It addresses the application of closed serial digital communications systems (often termed fieldbuses) used for transmission of safety-related data in the realisation of safety functions at machinery. It offers guidance on the issues that need to be considered during the specification, system design, installation, commissioning, modification and maintenance of such applications. It assumes that the SRECS safety requirements specification (SRS) has been developed and the design of the SRECS (Safety-Related Electrical Control Systems) is intended to include a safety-related communication system. This Technical Report is intended to be used in conjunction with IEC 62061.

It specifies additional requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety related system, employing active opto-electronic protective devices responsive to diffuse reflection (AOPDDRs) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to requirements which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE may include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given both in Annex A of this part and in Annex A of IEC 61496-1. The important changes and improvements compared to the first edition of this part of the standard are:
- extension of the range of detection capability covered by this part of the standard from 50 mm to 100 mm to the range of 30 mm to 200 mm;
- clarification of requirements for the selection of multiple detection zones (Clause A.10);
- more detailed information about the use of an AOPDDR as a whole body trip device by extension of Clause A.12 and a new Clause A.13;
- improved description of the relationship between ranging accuracy and probability of detection (Annex BB).

specifies general requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety related system. Special attention is directed to functional and design requirements that ensure an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE may include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A.

The contents of the corrigendum of June 2008 have been included in this copy.

It gives general rules on marking for identification of machinery, for safe use related to mechanical and electrical hazards, and for the avoidance of hazards arising from incorrect connections. Includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: Annex A: additional safety signs included and updated.

Specifies safety-related requirements for actuators, operated by the hand or by other parts of the human body, at the human-machine interface. It gives general requirements for the standard direction of movement for actuators; the arrangement of an actuator in relation to other actuators; the correlation between an action and its final effects. It includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: Table 1, Table 2 and Table A.1 have been revised editorially.

Specifies requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile methods of indicating safety-related information, at the human-machine interface and to exposed persons. It specifies a system of colours, safety signs, markings and other warnings, intended for use in the indication of hazardous situations and health hazards and for meeting certain emergencies. It also specifies ways of coding visual, acoustic and tactile signals for indicators and actuators to facilitate the safe use and monitoring of the machinery. It includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: Adapted to the basic standards IEC 60073, IEC 60417, ISO 3864-1, ISO 7000 and ISO 7010

ISO 13850:2006 specifies functional requirements and design principles for the emergency stop function on machinery, independent of the type of energy used to control the function. It is applicable to all machinery except for machines in which the provision of emergency stop would not lessen the risk, and hand-held portable machines and hand-guided machines. It does not deal with functions such as reversal or limitation of motion, deflection, shielding, braking or disconnecting, which can be part of the emergency stop function.

specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety-related system, employing active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE may include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61946-1 and of this part

specifies requirements and makes recommendations for the design, integration and validation of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems (SRECS) for machines (see Notes 1 and 2). It is applicable to control systems used, either singly or in combination, to carry out safety-related control functions on machines that are not portable by hand while working, including a group of machines working together in a co-ordinated manner. The contents of the corrigenda of July 2005 and April 2008 have been included in this copy.

specifies requirements for the selection, positioning, configuration and commissioning, of protective equipment to detect the presence of persons in order to protect those persons from dangerous part(s) of machinery in industrial applications. This specification covers the application of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) specified in IEC 61496 (all parts) and pressure sensitive mats and floors specified in ISO 13856-1.