25.220.20 - Surface treatment
ICS 25.220.20 Details
Surface treatment
Oberflachenbehandlung
Traitement de surface
Površinska obdelava
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 25.220.20 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Surface treatment". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 685 standards classified under ICS 25.220.20 (Surface treatment). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies two methods to assess the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys:
— Method 1 which assesses the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measuring the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution without prior acid treatment;
— Method 2 which assesses the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measuring the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution with prior acid treatment.
Method 1 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for decorative or protective purposes or where resistance to staining is important.
Method 2 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for outdoor architectural purposes. For less severe applications, Method 1 can be more suitable.
The methods are not applicable to the following:
— hard-type anodic oxidation coatings which normally are not sealed;
— anodic oxidation coatings that have been sealed only in dichromate solutions;
— anodic oxidation coatings produced in chromic acid solutions;
— anodic oxidation coatings that have undergone treatment to render them hydrophobic.
NOTE 1 While the methods assess the quality of hydrothermal sealing applied to anodized aluminium, they can be appropriate for other sealing methods.
NOTE 2 The methods are destructive and can serve as reference methods in case of doubt or dispute regarding the results of the test for loss of absorptive power (see ISO 2143) or the measurement of admittance (see ISO 2931).
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two methods to assess the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys:
— Method 1 which assesses the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measuring the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution without prior acid treatment;
— Method 2 which assesses the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measuring the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution with prior acid treatment.
Method 1 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for decorative or protective purposes or where resistance to staining is important.
Method 2 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for outdoor architectural purposes. For less severe applications, Method 1 can be more suitable.
The methods are not applicable to the following:
— hard-type anodic oxidation coatings which normally are not sealed;
— anodic oxidation coatings that have been sealed only in dichromate solutions;
— anodic oxidation coatings produced in chromic acid solutions;
— anodic oxidation coatings that have undergone treatment to render them hydrophobic.
NOTE 1 While the methods assess the quality of hydrothermal sealing applied to anodized aluminium, they can be appropriate for other sealing methods.
NOTE 2 The methods are destructive and can serve as reference methods in case of doubt or dispute regarding the results of the test for loss of absorptive power (see ISO 2143) or the measurement of admittance (see ISO 2931).
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two methods to assess the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys: - Method 1 which assesses the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measuring the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution without prior acid treatment; - Method 2 which assesses the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measuring the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution with prior acid treatment. Method 1 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for decorative or protective purposes or where resistance to staining is important. Method 2 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for outdoor architectural purposes. For less severe applications, Method 1 can be more suitable. The methods are not applicable to the following: - hard-type anodic oxidation coatings which normally are not sealed; - anodic oxidation coatings that have been sealed only in dichromate solutions; - anodic oxidation coatings produced in chromic acid solutions; - anodic oxidation coatings that have undergone treatment to render them hydrophobic. NOTE 1 While the methods assess the quality of hydrothermal sealing applied to anodized aluminium, they can be appropriate for other sealing methods. NOTE 2 The methods are destructive and can serve as reference methods in case of doubt or dispute regarding the results of the test for loss of absorptive power (see ISO 2143) or the measurement of admittance (see ISO 2931).
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidance on the prevention of hydrogen assisted brittle fracture, known as hydrogen embrittlement (HE), that results from the manufacturing process or operating conditions. This document is applicable to components or parts made of high strength steels. This document provides guidance on the relationship between material selection, manufacturing (including heat treatment) and coating. NOTE 1 For hot-dip galvanizing components, see ISO 14713-2. NOTE 2 This document does not consider applications under pressurised hydrogen.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies procedures for assessing the fracture strength of a protective paint coating of any thickness on a steel substrate of thickness not less than 3 mm. The procedures given in document are based on methods used with different types of pull-off test equipment. The results obtained using such different types of equipment are not comparable.
This document is only applicable if a fracture strength value is specified, together with the type of test equipment and the manufacturer of the equipment. Usually, this information is included in contract documentation.
This document also specifies suitable equipment and defines inspection areas, sampling plans and acceptance/rejection criteria.
It does not give any values of the fracture strength of different protective paint coatings.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies procedures for assessing the resistance of paint systems when a cut in the form of a right-angle lattice pattern (cross-cut) or in the form of an X (X-cut) is made into the paint, penetrating through to the substrate. This document is only applicable if the cross-cut or X-cut test method is specified, together with the rating from the appropriate rating scale.
This document also specifies suitable equipment and defines inspection areas, sampling plans and acceptance/rejection criteria.
It does not specify ratings for particular coating systems.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the procedure and requirements of thermal sprayed coatings for water walls and superheaters of coal-fired and biomass boilers involving the selection of coating materials, pre-treatment, 12/15CrMoV steel substrate preparation and post-treatment as well as the quality and performance evaluation of the coatings.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the performance and test methods of decorative physical vapor deposition (PVD) coatings on kitchen and sanitary ware fittings. This document is applicable to performance evaluation for decorative PVD coatings on kitchen and sanitary ware fittings.
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This document specifies an instrumental method for determining the image clarity of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measuring reflection from the surface with the help of a sliding combed shutter. The test is applied to a flat surface that can reflect an image onto the limited combed shutter and photometer. This method can also be used to measure the optical evenness of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys.
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This document specifies an accelerated test method for assessing the fastness, using artificial light, of coloured anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys. For evaluating light fastness on exterior exposure, only outdoor exposure under conditions comparable with actual service is completely satisfactory. Accelerated testing is suitable as a quality-control test of coloured anodic oxidation coatings whose light fastness number has already been established by means of outdoor exposure testing. The method is applicable to coloured anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys produced by any means and for any purpose. However, the method is not suitable for the measurement of coloured coatings with a light fastness number already established by means of outdoor exposure testing and of less than 6. The outdoor exposure test is described in ISO 105-B01.
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This document specifies the requirements for phosphate conversion coatings which are usually destined for application on ferrous materials, aluminium, zinc, and their alloys (see Annex B).
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable for thermal sprayed coatings. It contains basic recommendations for the design of components, which have to be completely or partially coated. The recommendations are applicable for new manufacturing as well as for repair of worn components. The coating can be of metallic, metal-ceramic, oxide-ceramic materials or polymers.
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This document specifies the requirements for phosphate conversion coatings which are usually destined for application on ferrous materials, aluminium, zinc, and their alloys (see Annex B).
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable for thermal sprayed coatings. It contains basic recommendations for the design of components, which have to be completely or partially coated. The recommendations are applicable for new manufacturing as well as for repair of worn components. The coating can be of metallic, metal-ceramic, oxide-ceramic materials or polymers.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document reviews methods for measuring the thickness of metallic and other inorganic coatings on both metallic and non-metallic substrates (see Tables 1, A.1 and A.2). It is limited to tests already specified, or to be specified, in International Standards and excludes certain tests that are used for special applications.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document reviews methods for measuring the thickness of metallic and other inorganic coatings on both metallic and non-metallic substrates (see Tables 1, A.1 and A.2). It is limited to tests already specified, or to be specified, in International Standards and excludes certain tests that are used for special applications.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document reviews methods for measuring the thickness of metallic and other inorganic coatings on both metallic and non-metallic substrates (see Tables 1, A.1 and A.2). It is limited to tests already specified, or to be specified, in International Standards and excludes certain tests that are used for special applications.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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This document specifies requirements for classification of metal and non-metal wires (solid and cored), rods, cords processed by means of thermal spraying, especially by arc and flame spraying.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Coating weight is an indicator of certain functional characteristics of coated substrates (for example, sealability, peelability, appearance). The methodology described in this practice is a means of determining coat weight.
5.2 This practice does not address acceptability criteria. These need to be jointly determined by the user and producer of the product.
5.3 The methodology described in this practice includes operator assessment of effective coating removal. This is a subjective assessment and requires operator training for consistent results.
5.4 This practice is applicable to coated substrates in which only the coating is soluble in the chosen solvent. The solvent used is critical to the success of the coating removal process. The coated substrate manufacturer must provide guidance in choice of solvent.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for determining the amount of coating applied to a substrate, (for example, film, paper, nonwoven). The amount of coating is expressed as a weight per given area, (for example, g/m2, lb/ream).
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for classification of metal and non-metal wires (solid and cored), rods, cords processed by means of thermal spraying, especially by arc and flame spraying.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for classification of metal and non-metal wires (solid and cored), rods, cords processed by means of thermal spraying, especially by arc and flame spraying.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard15 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for the validation of wet thermal insulation systems applied to
pipelines and subsea equipment in the oil and gas industry.
This document is applicable to wet thermal insulation systems submerged in seawater.
This document is not applicable to:
— maintenance works on existing installed wet thermal insulation systems;
— qualification for anti-corrosion coating;
— thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system.
- Standard68 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for project specific product and process qualification of wet
thermal insulation systems applied to pipelines in a factory setting and subsea equipment in the oil and
gas industries.
This document is not applicable to:
— pre-fabricated insulation;
— thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system;
— maintenance works on existing installed wet thermal insulation systems;
— project qualification of anticorrosion coatings or the requirements for application thereof.
- Standard67 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for project specific product and process qualification of field
applied wet thermal insulation systems applied at interfaces (e.g. field joints) and pre-fabricated
insulation in the petroleum and natural gas industries.
This document is applicable to wet thermal insulation systems submerged in seawater.
This document is not applicable to:
— the project qualification of anticorrosion coatings or the requirements for application thereof;
— thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system.
- Standard73 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for project specific product and process qualification of field
applied wet thermal insulation systems applied at interfaces (e.g. field joints) and pre-fabricated
insulation in the petroleum and natural gas industries.
This document is applicable to wet thermal insulation systems submerged in seawater.
This document is not applicable to:
— the project qualification of anticorrosion coatings or the requirements for application thereof;
— thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system.
- Standard73 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for project specific product and process qualification of wet
thermal insulation systems applied to pipelines in a factory setting and subsea equipment in the oil and
gas industries.
This document is not applicable to:
— pre-fabricated insulation;
— thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system;
— maintenance works on existing installed wet thermal insulation systems;
— project qualification of anticorrosion coatings or the requirements for application thereof.
- Standard67 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for the validation of wet thermal insulation systems applied to
pipelines and subsea equipment in the oil and gas industry.
This document is applicable to wet thermal insulation systems submerged in seawater.
This document is not applicable to:
— maintenance works on existing installed wet thermal insulation systems;
— qualification for anti-corrosion coating;
— thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system.
- Standard68 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for project specific product and process qualification of wet thermal insulation systems applied to pipelines in a factory setting and subsea equipment in the oil and gas industries. This document is not applicable to: - pre-fabricated insulation; - thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system; - maintenance works on existing installed wet thermal insulation systems; - project qualification of anticorrosion coatings or the requirements for application thereof.
- Standard59 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard64 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for project specific product and process qualification of field applied wet thermal insulation systems applied at interfaces (e.g. field joints) and pre-fabricated insulation in the petroleum and natural gas industries. This document is applicable to wet thermal insulation systems submerged in seawater. This document is not applicable to: - the project qualification of anticorrosion coatings or the requirements for application thereof; - thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system.
- Standard65 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard67 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements for the validation of wet thermal insulation systems applied to pipelines and subsea equipment in the oil and gas industry. This document is applicable to wet thermal insulation systems submerged in seawater. This document is not applicable to: - maintenance works on existing installed wet thermal insulation systems; - qualification for anti-corrosion coating; - thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard65 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the procedure for thermal spraying of self-fluxing alloys that are simultaneously or subsequently fused to create a homogeneous, diffusion-bonded coating.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the procedure for thermal spraying of self-fluxing alloys that are simultaneously or subsequently fused to create a homogeneous, diffusion-bonded coating.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the procedure for thermal spraying of self-fluxing alloys that are simultaneously or subsequently fused to create a homogeneous, diffusion-bonded coating.
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This document describes the procedure for the measurement of the feed rate for thermal spraying with spray materials in powder form in a production environment.
The application of this document is essential if information on the feed rate of a spray material in powder form is required when using a thermal spraying method.
It is applicable to any thermal spraying method using spray materials in powder form (see EN ISO 14917) where the technical installation used allows the spray powder to be fed through without an activated spray gun.
The determination of the feed rate is mandatory for the preparation of thermal spray procedure specifications in accordance with EN 17002 and the determination of the deposition efficiency in accordance with EN ISO 17836.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the information to be supplied by the purchaser to the finisher, requirements and test methods for electropolishing as a means of smoothing and passivating stainless steel alloys in the S2XXXX, S3XXXX and S4XXXX series, and the precipitation hardened alloys (see ISO 15510 for information on composition).
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes the procedure for the measurement of the feed rate for thermal spraying with spray materials in powder form in a production environment.
The application of this document is essential if information on the feed rate of a spray material in powder form is required when using a thermal spraying method.
It is applicable to any thermal spraying method using spray materials in powder form (see EN ISO 14917) where the technical installation used allows the spray powder to be fed through without an activated spray gun.
The determination of the feed rate is mandatory for the preparation of thermal spray procedure specifications in accordance with EN 17002 and the determination of the deposition efficiency in accordance with EN ISO 17836.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Subject to the limitations listed above, the procedure can be used as a research tool to optimize spray equipment and paint formulations as well as to study the relative effect on transfer efficiency of changing operating variables, spray application equipment, and types of coatings.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation and comparison of the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under controlled laboratory conditions.
1.2 This test method has been shown to yield excellent intralaboratory reproducibility. Interlaboratory precision is poorer and is highly dependent on closely controlled air flow in the spray booth, the rate at which the paint is delivered to the part, and other variables suggested in the test method.
1.3 Limitations:
1.3.1 This laboratory procedure only indicates the direction of the effect of spray variables on transfer efficiency. The magnitude of the effect is determined only by specific plant experience.
Note 1: This laboratory procedure requires specific equipment and procedures. For those laboratories that do not have access to the type of equipment required a more general laboratory procedure is being prepared as Procedure B.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7 and 8.11.9 and 8.13.2.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the information to be supplied by the purchaser to the finisher, requirements and test methods for electropolishing as a means of smoothing and passivating stainless steel alloys in the S2XXXX, S3XXXX and S4XXXX series, and the precipitation hardened alloys (see ISO 15510 for information on composition).
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the information to be supplied by the purchaser to the finisher, requirements and test methods for electropolishing as a means of smoothing and passivating stainless steel alloys in the S2XXXX, S3XXXX and S4XXXX series, and the precipitation hardened alloys (see ISO 15510 for information on composition).
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers measurement of strain resistance of anodic coatings on aluminium and its alloys, that have undergone a sealing treatment and contact with an acidic solution, are stainproof or nonadsorptive with respect to dyes. The method comprises contacting the test area of the anodized specimen with nitric acid solution and, after rinsing and drying, applying a special dye solution followed by rinsing and rubbing the test area with pumice powder, drying, and visual examination of the test area for retention of dye stain. Coatings that exhibit no dye stain or change in color are considered to have passed the test. Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. A specified solution of nitric acid shall be prepared in distilled or deionized water. A specified volume of aluminium blue 2WL dye shall be dissolved in distilled or deionized water.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is intended to determine whether anodic oxide coatings on aluminum and its alloys have been properly sealed and as a result are resistant to absorbing dyes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to determine whether anodic oxide coatings on aluminum and its alloys, that have undergone a sealing treatment and contact with an acid solution, are stainproof or nonadsorptive with respect to dyes.
1.2 Coatings that have been properly sealed should be proof against adsorption of coloring materials and, hence, “nonstaining” in many types of service.
1.3 This test method is applicable to anodic coatings intended for applications where they are exposed to the weather, or for protective purposes in corrosive media, and where resistance to staining is important.
Note 1: Performance in this test is predictive only of susceptibility to stain by dyes. It is not intended to be predictive of other factors in service performance such as pitting or general corrosion.
Note 2: For Aluminum Association Class I and II architectural anodic coatings that are sealed in solutions containing less than 15 ppm silicates or 3 ppm phosphates, the acid pretreatment may be omitted.
1.4 In the case of coatings colored in deep shades, where estimation of the intensity of any residual dye stain is difficult, interpretation of the test is based on whether or not the original color has been affected by the action of the test.
1.5 This test method is not applicable to:
1.5.1 Chromic acid type anodic coatings.
1.5.2 Anodic coatings on aluminum alloys containing more than 2 mass % Cu or 4.5 mass % Si.
1.5.3 Anodic coatings that have been sealed only in dichromate solutions.
1.5.4 Anodic coatings that have undergone a treatment to render them hydrophobic.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for electrolytically formed oxide coatings on magnesium and magnesium alloy parts where appearance, abrasion resistance, and protection against corrosion are important.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The CEDI devices can be used to produce deionized water from feeds of pretreated water. This test method permits the relatively rapid measurement of key performance capabilities of CEDI devices using standard sets of conditions. The data obtained can be analyzed to provide information on whether changes may have occurred in operating characteristics of the device independently of any variability in feed water characteristics or operating conditions. Under specific circumstances, this test method may also provide sufficient information for plant design.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the operating characteristics of continuous electrodeionization (CEDI) devices using synthetic feed solutions and is not necessarily applicable to natural waters. This test method is a procedure applicable to solutions with a conductivity range from approximately 50 μS/cm to 1000 μS/cm.
1.2 This test method covers the determination of operating characteristics under standard test conditions of CEDI devices where the electrically active transfer media therein is predominantly unregenerated. This results in more rapid achievement of steady state and shorter test time than when performing a test which requires the active media be predominantly regenerated.
1.3 This test method is not necessarily indicative of the following:
1.3.1 Long-term performance on feed waters containing foulants or sparingly soluble solutes, or both,
1.3.2 Performance on feeds of brackish water, sea water, or other high-salinity feeds,
1.3.3 Performance on synthetic industrial feed solutions, pharmaceuticals, or process solutions of foods and beverages, or,
1.3.4 Performance on feed waters less than 50 μS/cm, particularly performance relating to organic solutes, colloidal or particulate matter, or biological or microbial matter.
1.4 This test method, subject to the limitations previously described, can be applied as either an aid to predict expected deionization performance for a given feed water quality, or as a test method to determine whether performance of a given device has changed over some period of time. It is ultimately, however, the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for their specific applications.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies quality requirements for manufacturers of thermal sprayed coatings to ensure quality assurance for activities in the field of production.
NOTE It is independent of the availability of a quality management system, e.g. ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001, which concern the concept and organization of the quality management.
This document defines the quality requirements that are of importance for the manufacturing route.
This document is applicable to thermal spraying including all the pre- and post-treatments of the whole coating process for new parts, for repairs and maintenance (e.g. after service) at the workshop or on site.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ABSTRACT
This specification covers zinc and tin alloy wire, including zinc-aluminum, zinc-aluminum-copper, zinc-tin, zinc-tin-copper an dtin-zinc, used as thermal spray wire in the electronics industry. The wire shall conform to the required chemical composition for cadmium, zinc, tin, lead, antimony, copper, aluminum, bismuth, arsenic, iron, nickel, and magnesium. The wire shall be clean and free of corrosion, adhering foreign material, scale, seams, nicks, burrs, and other defects which would interfere with the operation of thermal spraying equipment. The wire shall uncoil readily and be free of bends or kinks that would prevent its passage through the thermal spray gun. Sampling methodology should ensure that the sample slected for testing is representative of the matreial. The diameter of the wire shall be determines at the end and the beginning of each continuous wire.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers zinc and tin alloy wire, including zinc-aluminum, zinc-aluminum-copper, zinc-tin, zinc-tin-copper and tin-zinc, used as thermal spray wire in the electronics industry.
1.1.1 Certain alloys specified in this standard are also used as solders for the purpose of joining together two or more metals at temperatures below their melting points, and for other purposes (as noted in Annex A1). Specification B907 covers Zinc, Tin and Cadmium Base Alloys Used as Solders which are used primarily for the purpose of joining together two or more metals at temperatures below their melting points and for other purposes (as noted in the Annex part of Specification B907). Specification B833 covers Zinc and Zinc Alloy Wire for Thermal Spraying (Metallizing) used primarily for the corrosion protection of steel (as noted in the Annex part of Specification B833).
1.1.2 Tin base alloys are included in this specification because their use in the electronics industry is similar to the use of certain zinc alloys but different than the major use of the tin and lead solder compositions specified in Specification B32.
1.1.3 These wire alloys have a nominal liquidus temperature not exceeding 850 °F (455 °C).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies methods for the measurement of specular reflectance and specular gloss of flat samples of anodized aluminium using geometries of 20° (Method A), 45° (Method B), 60° (Method C) and 85° (Method D) and of specular reflectance by an additional 45° method (Method E) employing a narrow acceptance angle.
The methods described are intended mainly for use with clear anodized surfaces. They can be used with colour-anodized aluminium, but only with similar colours.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies safety requirements of machines and equipment for thermal spraying, in this case of gas control units. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with Part 1, which deals with general aspects when designing, manufacturing, and/or putting in service of machines or equipment.
Generally the requirements of EU Directive 2014/34/EU are valid for the use of this document.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The water-break test as described in this test method is rapid, nondestructive, and may be used for control and evaluation of processes for the removal of hydrophobic contaminants. A water-break “free” test is commonly used for in-process verification of the absence of surface contaminants on metal surfaces that may interfere with subsequent surface treatments such as priming, conversion coating, anodizing, plating, or adhesive bonding
5.2 This test method is not quantitative and is typically restricted to applications where a go/no go evaluation of cleanliness will suffice.
5.3 The test may also be used for the detection and control of hydrophobic contaminants in processing environments. For this application, a witness surface free of hydrophobic films is exposed to the environment and subsequently tested. The sensitivity of this test will vary with the level of airborne contaminant and the duration of exposure of the witness surface.
5.4 For quantitative measurement of surface wetting, test methods that measure contact angle of a sessile drop of water or other test liquid may be used in some applications. Measurement methods based on contact angle are shown in Test Methods C813, D5946, and D7490; and Practice D7334.
5.4.1 Devices for in situ measurement of contact angle are available. These devices are limited to a small measurement surface area and may not reflect the cleanliness condition of a larger surface. For larger surface areas, localized contact angle measurement, or other quantitative inspection, combined with water-break testing may be useful.
5.5 For surfaces that cannot be immersed or doused with water, or where such immersion or dousing is impractical, such as previously coated large parts or assemblies, prior to the application of paints, primers or other organic coatings, Test Method F21 may be better suited for the evaluation of surface cleanliness than this test method.
Note 2: This test method is not appropriate where line o...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the detection of the presence of hydrophobic (nonwetting) films on surfaces and the presence of hydrophobic organic materials in processing environments. When properly conducted, the test will enable detection of molecular layers of hydrophobic organic contaminants. On very rough or porous surfaces, the sensitivity of the test may be significantly decreased.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies methods for the determination of
— the presence of colourless chromate conversion coatings,
— the presence of hexavalent chromium in colourless and coloured coatings on zinc or cadmium or aluminium-zinc (mass fraction of aluminium: 55 %, within a range of 54 % to 56 % mass fraction) and zinc-aluminium (mass fraction of aluminium: 5 %) alloys,
— the total chromium content per unit area on zinc and cadmium,
— the mass per unit area of both colourless and coloured coatings,
— the satisfactory adhesion of chromate conversion coatings, and
— the quality of chromate coatings.
These methods are applicable to
— colourless and coloured chromate conversion coatings containing trivalent and hexavalent chromium in varying proportions and produced by either chemical or electrochemical processes, and
— chromate coatings that are free from any supplementary coatings, such as oil, water or solvent-based polymers or wax.
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This document specifies a method for the measurement of the local thickness of metallic coatings, oxide layers, and porcelain or vitreous enamel coatings, by the microscopical examination of cross-sections using an optical microscope.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Water can cause the degradation of coatings, so knowledge of how a coating resists water is helpful in predicting its service life. Failure in water fog tests may be caused by a number of factors, including a deficiency in the coating itself, contamination of the substrate, or inadequate surface preparation. The test is therefore useful for evaluating coatings alone or complete coating systems.
4.2 Water fog tests are used for research and development of coatings and substrate treatments, specification acceptance, and quality control in manufacturing. These tests usually result in a pass or fail determination, but the degree of failure may also be measured. A coating system is considered to pass if there is no evidence of water-related failure after a specified period of time.
4.3 Results obtained from the use of water fog tests in accordance with this practice should not be represented as being equivalent to a period of exposure to water in the natural environment, until the degree of quantitative correlation has been established for the coating or coating system.
4.4 The test apparatus is similar to that used in Practice B117, and the conversion of the apparatus from salt spray to water fog testing is feasible. Care should be taken to remove all traces of the salt from the cabinet and reservoir when converting from salt spray to water fog testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the basic principles and operating procedures for testing water resistance of coatings in an apparatus similar to that used for salt spray testing.
1.2 This practice is limited to the methods of obtaining, measuring, and controlling the conditions and procedures of water fog tests. It does not specify specimen preparation, specific test conditions, or evaluation of results.
Note 1: Alternative practices for testing the water resistance of coatings include Practices D870, D2247, and D4585.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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