EN ISO 12736-2:2023

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2023
Naftna in plinska industrija, vključno z nizkoogljično energijo - Mokre toplotne
izolacijske prevleke za naftovode in podvodno opremo - 2. del: Kvalifikacijski
postopki za proizvodne postopke in postopke pri uporabi (ISO 12736-2:2023)
Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy - Wet thermal insulation systems for
pipelines and subsea equipment - Part 2: Qualification processes for production and
application procedures (ISO 12736-2:2023)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Wärmedämmschicht für Rohrleitungen und
Unterwasseranlagen - Teil 2: Qualifizierungsprozess für Produktions- und
Anwendungsverfahren (ISO 12736-2:2023)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz, y compris les énergies à faible teneur en carbone -
Systèmes d'isolation thermique en milieu humide pour conduites et équipements sous-
marins - Partie 2: Processus de qualification des modes opératoires de production et
d'application (ISO 12736-2:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12736-2:2023
ICS:
25.220.20 Površinska obdelava Surface treatment
75.180.10 Oprema za raziskovanje, Exploratory, drilling and
vrtanje in odkopavanje extraction equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 12736-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.220.20; 75.180.10 Supersedes EN ISO 12736:2014
English Version
Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy - Wet
thermal insulation systems for pipelines and subsea
equipment - Part 2: Qualification processes for production
and application procedures (ISO 12736-2:2023)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz, y compris les énergies Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Wärmedämmschicht für
à faible teneur en carbone - Systèmes d'isolation Rohrleitungen und Unterwasseranlagen - Teil 2:
thermique en milieu humide pour conduites et Qualifizierungsprozess für Produktions- und
équipements sous-marins - Partie 2: Processus de Anwendungsverfahren (ISO 12736-2:2023)
qualification des modes opératoires de production et
d'application (ISO 12736-2:2023)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 October 2023.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 12736-2:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 12736-2:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 "Oil and
gas industries including lower carbon energy" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12
“Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2024, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 12736:2014.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 12736-2 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12736-2:2023 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12736-2
First edition
2023-10
Oil and gas industries including
lower carbon energy — Wet thermal
insulation systems for pipelines and
subsea equipment —
Part 2:
Qualification processes for production
and application procedures
Industries du pétrole et du gaz, y compris les énergies à faible teneur
en carbone — Systèmes d'isolation thermique en milieu humide pour
conduites et équipements sous-marins —
Partie 2: Processus de qualification des modes opératoires de
production et d'application
Reference number
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms.7
4.1 Symbols . 7
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 9
5 Conformance . 9
5.1 Rounding . 9
5.2 Conformity to requirement . 9
6 Material classes .10
7 Project specific qualification processes for production and application procedures .10
7.1 General requirements . 10
7.2 Purchase order requirements . 11
7.2.1 General information . 11
7.2.2 Additional information . 11
7.3 Production qualification process .12
7.3.1 Process description .12
7.3.2 Project specific qualification considerations .12
7.3.3 Procedure qualification trial . 13
7.3.4 Pre-production trial . 14
7.3.5 Production testing . 14
7.4 Application procedures. 14
7.4.1 Application procedure specification . 14
7.4.2 Inspection and test plan .15
7.4.3 Qualification of operators . 16
8 Production testing and inspection .17
8.1 General . 17
8.2 Material tests and inspection . 17
8.3 System tests and inspection . 18
8.4 Inspection documents and traceability. 18
8.5 Guidance in generating an ITP. 18
9 Factory repair .35
9.1 General . 35
9.2 Damage/defect characterization . 35
9.3 Testing . 35
10 Final documentation .35
11 Handling, storage and transportation.36
11.1 Handling, storage and transportation at coating yard .36
11.2 Handling, storage and transportation at site .36
Annex A (informative) Guidelines for using this document .37
Annex B (informative) Guidelines on the design of wet thermal insulation systems on a
project basis .42
Annex C (informative) Fatigue test .48
Annex D (normative) k-value for projects .49
Annex E (normative) Inorganic microsphere content and breakage and air entrapment in
inorganic syntactic foams .56
iii
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
Bibliography .59
iv
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Oil and gas industries including lower
carbon energy, Subcommittee SC 2, Pipeline transportation systems, in collaboration with the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 12, Oil and gas industries including
lower carbon energy, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN
(Vienna Agreement).
This first edition of ISO 12736-2, together with ISO 12736-1 and ISO 12736-3, cancels and replaces
ISO 12736:2014.
The main changes are as follows:
— clearer delineation between commercial projects and validation;
— introduction of material classes;
— elimination of system specific qualification testing tables;
— introduction of detailed thermal conductivity testing requirements;
— introduction of project specific functional tests;
— addition of Annexes A and B with guidelines for using this document and design of systems.
A list of all parts in the ISO 12736 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
Oil and gas industries including lower carbon energy —
Wet thermal insulation systems for pipelines and subsea
equipment —
Part 2:
Qualification processes for production and application
procedures
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for project specific product and process qualification of wet
thermal insulation systems applied to pipelines in a factory setting and subsea equipment in the oil and
gas industries.
This document is not applicable to:
— pre-fabricated insulation;
— thermal insulation in the annulus of a steel pipe-in-pipe system;
— maintenance works on existing installed wet thermal insulation systems;
— project qualification of anticorrosion coatings or the requirements for application thereof.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 48-4, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness — Part 4: Indentation
hardness by durometer method (Shore hardness)
ISO 868, Plastics and ebonite — Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore
hardness)
ISO 1133-1, Plastics — Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and melt volume-flow rate (MVR)
of thermoplastics — Part 1: Standard method
ISO 1133-2, Plastics — Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and melt volume-flow rate (MVR)
of thermoplastics — Part 2: Method for materials sensitive to time-temperature history and/or moisture
ISO 1183-1, Plastics — Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 1: Immersion
method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method
ISO 1183-3, Plastics — Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 3: Gas
pyknometer method
ISO 2781, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of density
ISO 2884-2, Paints and varnishes — Determination of viscosity using rotary viscometers — Part 2: Disc or
ball viscometer operated at a specified speed
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
ISO 3104, Petroleum products — Transparent and opaque liquids — Determination of kinematic viscosity
and calculation of dynamic viscosity
ISO 3219 (all parts), Rheology
ISO 3451-1:2019, Plastics — Determination of ash — Part 1: General methods
ISO 8301, Thermal insulation — Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties
— Heat flow meter apparatus
ISO 8502-3, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for
the assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 3: Assessment of dust on steel surfaces prepared for painting
(pressure-sensitive tape method)
ISO 8502-4, Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the
assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 4: Guidance on the estimation of the probability of condensation
prior to paint application
ISO 10474, Steel and steel products — Inspection documents
ISO 12736-1, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Wet thermal insulation systems for pipelines, flow
lines, equipment and subsea structures — Part 1: Validation of materials and insulation systems
ISO 80000-1, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12736-1 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
agreed
specified in the purchase order
Note 1 to entry: To be discussed by the system provider (3.44) and system purchaser (3.45) with input from end
user (3.11) as required.
3.2
application procedure specification
APS
quality specification document, or group of specifications, describing procedures, method, equipment,
tools, etc. used for system (3.44) application
3.3
batch
quantity of material (3.25) produced in a continuous manufacturing operation using raw materials of
the same source or grade
3.4
bend
permanently curved or angled section of tubular pipe
3.5
blown foam
insulation material (3.25) formed by incorporating a gas phase into a polymer matrix
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
3.6
certificate of analysis
document provided by the manufacturer that indicates results of specific tests or analysis, including
test methodology, performed on a specified lot of the manufacturer’s product and corresponding
conformity ranges
3.7
chamfer
exposed pre-shaped termination of a system (3.43) to be interfaced with
Note 1 to entry: Chamfer geometry (e.g. angle, shape) and tolerances are project specific.
3.8
construction joint
interface (3.19) where both systems (3.43) are identical
3.9
cool down time
time taken for a fluid contained within a pipeline (3.27) or subsea equipment (3.41) to reach a pre-
determined temperature from specific start temperatures (internal and external) when flow is stopped
3.10
cutback
length of item left uncoated at each end for joining purposes
Note 1 to entry: Welding is an example of joining purposes.
3.11
end user
company that owns and/or operates the pipeline (3.27) or subsea equipment (3.41)
3.12
factory applied
applied in a permanent facility
3.13
field joint
uncoated area that results when two pipe sections, or a pipe section and a fitting (3.14), with cutbacks
(3.10) are assembled by welding or other methods
3.14
fitting
receptacle on a piece of subsea equipment (3.41), which interfaces to a pipeline (3.27)
3.15
high molecular weight precursor thermoset
material (3.25), which is a polymeric compound that remains malleable until application of sufficient
heat to cause network formation and then does not flow upon reheating
EXAMPLE Butyl rubber.
3.16
inorganic syntactic foam
insulation material (3.25) formed by dispersing inorganic hollow particles within a polymer matrix
3.17
inspection and test plan
ITP
document providing an overview of the sequence of inspections and tests, including appropriate
resources and procedures
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
3.18
inspection document
document issued by the system provider (3.44) and attesting that the supplied system (3.43) is in
conformity with the requirement given in the purchase order
Note 1 to entry: See also ISO 10474.
3.19
interface
location where two systems (3.43) meet and affect each other
Note 1 to entry: A field joint (3.13) system (3.43) has two interfaces.
Note 2 to entry: In the case of multilayer systems (3.43), interfaces can be made up of multiple sub-interfaces.
3.20
J-lay
method of pipeline (3.27) installation in which pipelines are assembled by welding together pre-
insulated pipes with subsequent application of a field joint (3.13) system (3.43) in a vertical position,
onboard an installation vessel with a tower
Note 1 to entry: The pipeline is lowered into the water vertically and creates a characteristic J-shape when
touching the seabed.
Note 2 to entry: This method is used mainly for deep water.
3.21
jumper
short section of pipeline (3.27) that transfers fluid between two pieces of subsea equipment (3.41)
3.22
liquid precursor elastomeric thermoset
material (3.25), which is a polymeric compound with its glass transition below ambient temperature,
that is produced via combination of one or more components that can be pumped and flow as liquids
and which react to create a crosslinked polymer that does not flow upon reheating
EXAMPLE Liquid precursor silicone rubber.
3.23
liquid precursor non-elastomeric thermoset
material (3.25), which is a polymeric compound with its glass transition above ambient temperature,
that is produced via combination of one or more components that can be pumped and flow as liquids
and which react to create a crosslinked polymer that does not flow upon reheating
EXAMPLE Liquid epoxy.
3.24
mainline
portion of a pipeline (3.27) that is not a field joint (3.13)
3.25
material
polymeric compound applied to the substrate (3.42) to be protected/insulated in units of discrete
thickness (layers) to build up a system (3.43)
3.26
material manufacturer
entity responsible for the manufacture of one or more materials (3.25) utilized in a system (3.43)
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
3.27
pipeline
flowline
tubular piping used to convey fluids
Note 1 to entry: Pipeline includes jumpers (3.21), risers (3.34) and field joints (3.13).
3.28
pi tape
precision Vernier periphery tape that allows the direct and accurate measurement of the diameter of
tubular objects without the need for callipers or micrometres
3.29
pre-fabricated insulation
section of stand-alone insulation, which is factory manufactured into its final form and then installed in
the field by mechanically fastening or bonding to a corrosion protected structure
3.30
pre-production trial
PPT
series of tests performed immediately before the start of production, designed to demonstrate that the
requirements of the validated (3.49) system (3.43), the procedure qualification trial (3.31) or both are
achieved
Note 1 to entry: Requirements for PPT are as outlined in this document and as agreed (3.1).
3.31
procedure qualification trial
PQT
series of tests designed to demonstrate that the materials (3.25), system provider (3.44), equipment and
procedures can produce the system (3.43) in accordance with the validation dossier (3.50) and meet
specific project (3.32) requirements
Note 1 to entry: Requirements for PQT are as outlined in this document and as agreed (3.1).
3.32
project
scope of work agreed upon contractually between system purchaser (3.45) and system provider (3.44)
3.33
R-lay
reel-lay
method of pipeline (3.27) installation in which long stalks (3.40) of pre-insulated pipes are pre-assembled
by welding and application of field joint (3.13) system (3.43) onshore before being spooled onto large
reels onboard the installation vessel, which then lays the pipes by unspooling the reel offshore
3.34
riser
vertical portion of a pipeline (3.27), including the bottom bend, arriving on or departing from an
offshore surface installation
3.35
safety data sheet
SDS
DEPRECATED: material safety data sheet
document intended to provide workers and emergency personnel with procedures for handling and
working with a material (3.25) utilized in the manufacture of the system (3.43) in a safe manner
including physical data, first aid, etc.
Note 1 to entry: Physical data can include flash point and toxicity.
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
3.36
service life
specified period of use for a system (3.43) in service
3.37
rough coat
modification of the outermost layer of the system (3.43) for increased roughness
3.38
S-lay
method of pipeline (3.27) installation in which pipelines are assembled by welding together pre-
insulated pipes, with subsequent application of a field joint (3.13) system (3.43), onboard an installation
vessel in a horizontal orientation
Note 1 to entry: The pipeline curvature created from the vessel down to the seabed is a characteristic S-shape.
Note 2 to entry: This method is used mainly for low to medium water depths.
3.39
solid/solid filled
insulation material (3.25) which systematically does not contain voids or hollow particles
3.40
stalk
continuous string of welded and field joint (3.13) coated pipe, which is prepared in readiness for pipe
spooling onto a R-lay (3.33) barge
Note 1 to entry: A number of stalks will normally be required to make up a pipeline (3.27).
3.41
subsea equipment
components from a subsea production system, including subsea processing items and structures, meant
to control hydrocarbons, not including pipelines (3.27)
EXAMPLE Valve, connector, manifold, christmas tree, flowline end termination.
3.42
substrate
surface to which a material (3.25) is applied or will be applied
3.43
system
all of the various materials (3.25) and the combination thereof, which can include layers of anti-
corrosion, insulation, adhesive, and protective materials, as defined by cross-section to the underlying
substrate (3.42) at a single point, which function together to act as a wet thermal insulation (3.51)
3.44
system provider
entity that is selling the applied system (3.43)
3.45
system purchaser
entity that is purchasing the applied system (3.43)
3.46
thermal conductivity
k-value
heat flow through a unit length of material (3.25) under the influence of a thermal gradient
-1 -1
Note 1 to entry: Thermal conductivity is expressed in W·m ·K .
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
3.47
thermoplastic
material (3.25), which is a polymeric compound that solidifies upon cooling and can flow and be
reformed upon reheating
EXAMPLE Polypropylene.
3.48
U-value
overall heat transfer coefficient
rate of heat transfer from a reference surface under the influence of a thermal gradient
-2 -1
Note 1 to entry: U-value is expressed in W·m ·K .
3.49
validation
demonstration of material (3.25) and system (3.43) performance during storage, handling and operation,
within a specified envelope of use, as determined by the system provider (3.44)
3.50
validation dossier
collection of documentation and test reports, prepared in accordance with specific requirements, which
provides detailed information on the proposed system (3.43), method of application, the materials (3.25)
which form said system (3.43), and demonstration of system (3.43) performance
Note 1 to entry: Specific requirements are found in ISO 12736-1:2023, 7.6
3.51
wet thermal insulation
system (3.43) that provides external corrosion protection and thermal insulation, and that is in direct
contact with surrounding seawater
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
C specific heat capacity, expressed in joules per kilograms kelvin
p
k thermal conductivity, expressed in watts per meter kelvin
M mass, expressed in grams
M mass of inorganic microspheres in the inorganic syntactic foam material sample,
ash
expressed in grams
M mass of the inorganic syntactic foam material sample, expressed in grams
total
Q average value of heat flux transducers signals, expressed in microvolts
ave
Q lower plate heat flux transducer signal, expressed in microvolts
Lower
Q average lower plate heat flux transducer signal, expressed in microvolts
Lower,Average
Q average value of heat flux transducers signals for reference material sample, ex-
Ref Mat ave
pressed in watts per microvolts
Q average value of heat flux transducers signals for reference material sample i, where
Ref Mat ave,i
i = 1 or 2, and 1 is typically the thinner sample, expressed in watts per microvolts
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
Q upper plate heat flux transducer signal, expressed in microvolts
Upper
Q average upper plate heat flux transducer signal, expressed in microvolts
Upper,Average
S single-thickness calibration factor, proportional factor between the electrical signal
Cal1
and heat flow, expressed in watts per microvolts
S two-thickness calibration factor, proportional factor between the electrical signal
Cal2
and heat flow, expressed in watts per microvolts
S lower plate calibration factor, expressed in watts per microvolts
Cal,Lower
S upper plate calibration factor, expressed in watts per microvolts
Cal,Upper
R calibration contact resistance, expressed in metre square degrees kelvin per watt
cal
2R lower plate calibration contact resistance, expressed in metre square degrees kelvin
Cal,Lower
per watt
2R , upper plate calibration contact resistance, expressed in metre square degrees kelvin
Cal Upper
per watt
ΔT average temperature difference across the sample(s), expressed in degrees Celsius
T glass transition temperature, expressed in degrees Celsius
g
T lower plate temperature, expressed in degrees Celsius
Lower
T upper plate temperature, expressed in degrees Celsius
Upper
V volume of inorganic microspheres in the inorganic syntactic foam material sample,
ash
expressed in cubic centimetres
V volume of polymer in the inorganic syntactic foam material sample, expressed in
polymer
cubic centimetres
V volume of the inorganic syntactic foam material sample, based on the measured
total
M and ρ , expressed in cubic centimetres
total total
V volume of entrapped air in the inorganic syntactic foam material sample, expressed
void
in cubic centimetres
W mass ratio of inorganic microspheres in the inorganic syntactic foam material sample
ash
as per Formula (E.1), dimensionless
W mass ratio of polymer in the inorganic syntactic foam material sample, calculated
polymer
as per Formula (E.4), dimensionless
x average measured thickness of the sample, expressed in metres
ave
x average thickness of the reference material sample, expressed in metres
Ref Mat ave
x average thickness of reference material sample i, where i = 1 or 2, and 1 is typically
Ref Mat ave,i
the thinner sample, expressed in metres
λ thermal conductivity of the calibration reference material, expressed in watts per
Ref Mat
metre kelvin
λ single thickness sample thermal conductivity, Test Type B1, expressed in watts per
sampleB1
metre kelvin
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
λ single thickness sample thermal conductivity, Test Type B2, expressed in watts per
sampleB2
metre kelvin
ρ material density, expressed in kilograms per cubic metre
ρ density of the inorganic microspheres, measured in grams per cubic centimetre
ash
ρ density of the polymer in the inorganic syntactic foam material sample, expressed
polymer
in grams per cubic centimetre
ρ theoretical density of the inorganic syntactic foam material sample assuming no
theoretical
voids, expressed in grams per cubic centimetres, as per Formula (E.3)
ρ density of the inorganic syntactic foam material sample, expressed in grams per
total
cubic centimetres
φ air entrapment volume ratio, dimensionless
void
Ψ thermal diffusivity of the material, expressed in metres squared per second
4.2 Abbreviated terms
ACC anti-corrosion coating
DMA dynamic mechanical analysis
EHTC external heat transfer coefficient
HSE health, safety and the environment
MFR melt flow rate
OD outer diameter
OHTC overall heat transfer coefficient
QC quality control
UV ultraviolet
5 Conformance
5.1 Rounding
Unless otherwise stated in this document, observed or calculated values shall be rounded to the nearest
unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with
ISO 80000-1.
NOTE For the purpose of this provision, the rounding method of ASTM E29 is equivalent to ISO 80000-1:2022,
Annex B, Rule A.
5.2 Conformity to requirement
Systems for quality and environmental management, and the competence of testing and calibration
laboratories, should be used.
NOTE The following documents can be used:
— ISO 29001 gives sector-specific requirements with guidance for the use of quality management systems;
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
— ISO 14001 gives requirements with guidance for the use of environmental management systems;
— ISO/IEC 17025 gives general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories.
The system provider shall be responsible for conforming with all the applicable requirements for
the application of this document. The system purchaser shall be allowed to make any investigation
necessary to ensure conformity by the system provider and to reject any material and/or system that
does not conform with this document.
6 Material classes
The wet thermal insulation systems covered by this document are based on materials classified in
Table 1. Each material used to make up the system shall have been classified into the appropriate class
by the system provider as part of the validation dossier in accordance with ISO 12736-1.
Table 1 — Material classes
Solid/solid filled Blown foam Inorganic syntactic foam
Thermoplastics 1A 1B 1C
Liquid precursor non-elas-
2A 2B 2C
tomeric thermosets
Liquid precursor elasto-
3A 3B 3C
meric thermosets
High molecular weight
4A 4B 4C
precursor thermosets
NOTE Reproduced from ISO 12736-1:2023, Table 1.
7 Project specific qualification processes for production and application
procedures
7.1 General requirements
The following requirements apply for project specific qualification and QC activities:
a) All materials and systems shall be previously validated in conformity with the requirements of
ISO 12736-1 by the system provider.
b) The validation dossier of the materials and system shall be given by the system provider to the
system purchaser for approval.
c) If the ACC selected by the system purchaser is different from the one used by the system provider
for validation, both parties shall agree upon a test program to ensure that ACC and insulation
materials are compatible for the project requirements.
d) The preparation of a project specific APS and related ITP is required and shall be approved by the
system purchaser.
e) If requested by the system purchaser, a PQT can be performed for qualification of the approved APS
(or part of it) and performed according to an approved ITP.
f) Before production starts, a PPT shall be performed according to a dedicated ITP. By agreement, the
PPT and the PQT can be executed at the same time, i.e. the PQT and the PPT can be merged.
g) Those parts of the project specific qualification process that are waived by the system purchaser,
shall be clearly stated and identified in the contract.
h) During the production, an inspection system shall be implemented by the system provider to
monitor and execute all the inspection activities reported in the approved ITP for production.
ISO 12736-2:2023(E)
i) Inspection and testing shall be carried out during production in accordance with the approved ITP.
j) Test procedures references, testing frequencies, acceptance criteria shall be specified in the ITP.
k) If other materials than those classified in Table 1 are used, the system provider shall have
identified the class that most closely represents the material and shall provide a gap analysis to the
requirements for that class to be included in the validation dossier.
l) Damaged areas created by testing shall be removed and repaired in accordance with Clause 9.
m) The system provider shall prepare a set of samples or pipe sections according to the dimensions and
characteristics approved by the system purchaser, in order to perform any required destructive
tests on the applied insulation system.
n) All data collected during inspections and tests shall be recorded in a proper form and shall be
delivered to the system purchaser as required in the ITP.
7.2 Purchase order requirements
7.2.1 General information
The purchase order, and optionally the request for quotation if known, shall include the following
information:
a) reference to this document (i.e. ISO 12736-2:2023);
b) wet thermal insulation system to be utilized;
c) project conditions (e.g. water depth, operating temperature and design temperature, installation
method);
d) thermal performance requirements;
e) identification and description of item to be insulated (e.g. item quantity, outside diameter, external
geometry, wall thickness, nominal length, grade of steel);
f) identification of the ACC selected by system purchaser or already applied to the items to be
insulated;
g) cutback configuration, ends finish, at least cutback length and chamfer angle, length of visible ACC,
temporary protection;
h) presence and requirements for rough coat;
i) requirement for execution of any PQT;
j) t
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