ISO/TC 107 - Metallic and other inorganic coatings

This document specifies requirements for electroplated coatings of zinc with supplementary treatments using hexavalent chromium compounds on iron or steel. It includes information to be supplied by the purchaser to the electroplater, and the requirements for heat treatment before and after electroplating. This document is not applicable to zinc coatings applied: — to sheet, strip or wire in the non-fabricated form; — to close-coiled springs; — for purposes other than protective and decorative. This document does not specify requirements for the surface condition of the basis metal prior to electroplating with zinc. However, defects in the surface of the basis metal can adversely affect the appearance and performance of the coating. The coating thickness that can be applied to threaded components can be limited by dimensional requirements, including class or fit.

This document specifies requirements for electrodeposited metallic decorative coatings for automobile plastic parts, including test requirements. This document does not apply to such coatings on plastics to be used for aerospace, electronics and engineering fields other than automobile applications. This document applies to automobile plastic parts. It differs from ISO 4525, which is not applicable for engineering purposes.

This document provides guidance on the prevention of hydrogen assisted brittle fracture, known as hydrogen embrittlement (HE), that results from the manufacturing process or operating conditions. This document is applicable to components or parts made of high strength steels. This document provides guidance on the relationship between material selection, manufacturing (including heat treatment) and coating. NOTE 1 For hot-dip galvanizing components, see ISO 14713-2. NOTE 2 This document does not consider applications under pressurised hydrogen.

This document specifies the method for non-destructive thickness measurement via the magnetic type of electrodeposited nickel coatings, also called “e-nickel”, on magnetic or non-magnetic substrates. It is possible that the method is not applicable to autocatalytic (electroless) nickel coatings, since these coatings are often non-magnetic due to their chemical composition. For the purposes of this document, two types of substrates are distinguished: a) nickel coatings on magnetic substrates (type A coatings); b) nickel coatings on non-magnetic substrates (type B coatings). Not all instruments are applicable to both types of coating. The effective measuring ranges of instruments using the principle of magnetic attraction are up to 50 µm for type A coatings and up to 25 µm for type B coatings. For instruments using the principle of reluctance, the effective ranges are much greater, up to 1 mm or even more. This method is applicable to both types of coatings.

This document specifies the requirements for the contact angle measurement of metallic hydrophobic thin film coatings deposited by the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, including thermal evaporation, sputtering and ion plating. This document does not apply to non-metallic coatings, paints or varnishes.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the residual stress of the TGO layer in thermal barrier coating (TBC) by photoexcitation fluorescence piezoelectric spectroscopy. This test method specifies that there is a Cr element in the bond coat of the TBC. This test method to determine the residual stress in the TGO layer of the TBC system is not limited by the preparation method of the TBCs. Particularly, the TBC system prepared by electron beam-physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD) has a better effect. This method provides guidance on determining reliable estimates of residual stresses from fluorescence spectral data and estimating uncertainties in the results.

This document specifies the procedure and requirements of thermal sprayed coatings for water walls and superheaters of coal-fired and biomass boilers involving the selection of coating materials, pre-treatment, 12/15CrMoV steel substrate preparation and post-treatment as well as the quality and performance evaluation of the coatings.

This document specifies requirements for the test method of the CMAS corrosion of thermal/environmental barrier coatings under dynamic thermal cycling, including the process and the determination of failure after corrosion. The document does not apply to such coatings on plastics to be used for aerospace, electronics and other engineering fields.

This document specifies requirements for the resistance of chemical enamels to chemical attack and thermal shock, as well as their designation, for ordering purposes. It is applicable to enamels used in glass-lined apparatus, piping and other components, primarily used in process equipment in chemical plants, which are applied on to low-alloy carbon steels substrates. NOTE The main criteria for assessing enamel quality are its resistance to chemical attack and thermal shock, and the structure of the cover coat enamel.

This document specifies the performance and test methods of decorative physical vapor deposition (PVD) coatings on kitchen and sanitary ware fittings. This document is applicable to performance evaluation for decorative PVD coatings on kitchen and sanitary ware fittings.

This document reviews methods for measuring the thickness of metallic and other inorganic coatings on both metallic and non-metallic substrates (see Tables 1, A.1 and A.2). It is limited to tests already specified, or to be specified, in International Standards and excludes certain tests that are used for special applications.

This document specifies requirements for classification of metal and non-metal wires (solid and cored), rods, cords processed by means of thermal spraying, especially by arc and flame spraying.

This document defines general terms and film growth processes for atomic layer deposition (ALD). ALD technique is classified into conventional time separated ALD and spatial ALD according to the separation between sequential surface reactions of precursors on substrate. Besides planar substrate, ALD can be used for coating on micro-nano particles, which is developed as powder ALD. Some energy enhanced ALD techniques are also included. This document specifies the processes of different ALD methods. This document applies to the process of ALD. This document does not apply to the deposited materials or specific nanostructures. This document applies to industrial production, scientific research, teaching, publishing and scientific and technological communications related to ALD.

This document specifies the procedure for thermal spraying of self-fluxing alloys that are simultaneously or subsequently fused to create a homogeneous, diffusion-bonded coating.

This document specifies the designation and the characterization methods of the decorative metallic coatings of the products for radio wave transmissive application. The designation consists of the transmission loss of the radio wave, the frequency band of the radio wave under consideration, the lightness and hue of the parts, as well as the main material and manufacturing process of metallic coatings. The characterization methods consist of the determination of the transmission loss of radio wave with specific frequency band and the evaluation of lightness and hue which represent the colour and appearance.

This document specifies the information to be supplied by the purchaser to the finisher, requirements and test methods for electropolishing as a means of smoothing and passivating stainless steel alloys in the S2XXXX, S3XXXX and S4XXXX series, and the precipitation hardened alloys (see ISO 15510 for information on composition).

This document specifies recommendations and requirements for the selection of coating materials, the pre-treatment of rollers, the preparation and post-treatment of the coatings, as well as the quality and performance evaluation of high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) cermet coatings used on metallurgical roll components. This document is applicable to four metallurgical rollers: pot inner roller (sink/stabilizing roller) of continuous galvanized line (CGL), cold rolling process roller, hot-rolled straightening roller and furnace roller.

This document specifies the designation and the characterization methods metallic coatings that provide electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding for parts fabricated from plastics, ceramics, glasses and other materials. The designation consists of the EMI shielding effectiveness in a specific frequency range and the adhesion of metallic coatings to the substrate, as well as the substrate material and the principal component, manufacturing process and thickness of the metallic coatings. The characterization methods consist of the methods to determine the EMI shielding effectiveness of metallic coatings and those to evaluate the adhesion of metallic coatings to the substrate.

This document specifies the requirements for the design and use of vitreous enamel coated bolted cylindrical steel tanks for the storage or treatment of water or municipal or industrial effluents and sludges. It is applicable to the design of the tank and any associated roof and gives guidance on the requirements for the design of the foundation. It is applicable where: a) the tank is cylindrical and is mounted on a load-bearing base substantially at or above ground level; b) the product of the tank diameter in metres and the wall height in metres lies within the range 5 to 500; c) the tank diameter does not exceed 100 m and the total wall height does not exceed 50 m; d) the stored material has the characteristics of a liquid, exerting a negligible frictional force on the tank wall; the stored material can be undergoing treatment as part of a municipal or industrial effluent treatment process; e) the internal pressure in the headspace above the liquid does not exceed 50 kPa and the internal partial vacuum above the liquid does not exceed 10 kPa; f) the walls of the tank are vertical; g) the floor of the tank is substantially flat at its intersection with the wall; the floor of the tank can have a rise or fall built in to allow complete emptying of the tank contents, the slope of which does not exceed 1:100; h) there is negligible inertial and impact load due to tank filling; i) the minimum thickness of the tank shell is 1,5 mm; j) the material used for the manufacture of the steel sheets is carbon steel (tanks constructed of sheets made from aluminium or stainless steel are outside the scope of this document); k) the temperature of the tank wall during operation is within the range −50 °C to +100 °C under all operating conditions. This document also gives details of procedures to be followed during installation on site and for inspection and maintenance of the installed tank. It does not apply to chemical-reaction vessels. It does not cover resistance to fire.

This document specifies the basic conditions concerning the method for determining the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamelled articles to heat. The method specified is applicable to vitreous and porcelain enamelled articles that are, in service, subjected to high temperature, for example, to some cooker components, exhaust pipe silencers, gas heating chimneys and flue pipes.

This document specifies a method of test for determining the scratch hardness of the surface of vitreous and porcelain enamels.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the crack formation temperature of enamels for the chemical industry by subjecting enamelled steel specimens to thermal shock using cold water. The value of the crack formation temperature measured according to this test method does not apply to the finished component (see Annex A). It is a parameter of vitreous and porcelain enamels for comparing the relative quality of different enamel formulations.

This document specifies a method and requirements for plasma nitriding and follow-up PVD hard coatings intended for use in cold-work moulds. This document provides the necessary information, such as the original structure of nitriding steels, process requirements, surface quality and adhesion of duplex PVD coatings, to create an optimal combination of high performance.

This document specifies the general properties of hot dip galvanized coatings and test methods for hot dip galvanized coatings applied by dipping fabricated iron and steel articles (including certain castings) in a zinc melt (containing not more than 2 % of other metals). This document does not apply to the following: a) sheet, wire and woven or welded mesh products that are continuously hot dip galvanized; b) tube and pipe that are hot dip galvanized in automatic plants; c) hot dip galvanized products (e.g. fasteners) for which specific standards exist and which can include additional requirements or requirements which are different from those of this document. NOTE Individual product standards can incorporate this document for the galvanized coating by quoting its number, or can incorporate it with modifications specific to the product. Different requirements can also be made for galvanized coatings on products intended to meet specific regulatory requirements. This document does not apply to after-treatment or additional coating of hot dip galvanized articles.

This document specifies the substrate conditions and testing of the modulation period (including the principles for low-angle X-ray methods, the requirements of the coatings, the requirements for X-ray measuring apparatus, the calibration of apparatus and samples, and the testing conditions and calculation process) of nano-multilayer coatings by low-angle X-ray methods including X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and glancing incident X-ray diffraction (GIXRD).

This document specifies the designation and the characterization methods of the decorative metallic coatings of the products for radio wave transmissive application. The designation consists of the transmission loss of the radio wave, the frequency band of the radio wave under consideration, the lightness and hue of the parts, as well as the main material and manufacturing process of metallic coatings. The characterization methods consist of the determination of the transmission loss of radio wave with specific frequency band and the evaluation of lightness and hue which represent the colour and appearance.

This document gives guidance on the selection of test methods for evaluating the performance of vitreous and porcelain enamelled finishes in different applications. This document references the test methods available for measuring the properties of these finishes and correlates these properties to the requirements of specific enamelled articles. This document is limited for the most part to test methods in ISO documents or European standards but does not provide acceptance criteria or performance limits for the properties. This document is applicable to all enamelled articles, irrespective of their basis metals.

This document specifies a simulating method of test for determination of the release of metal-ions from enamelled articles, which are intended to come into contact with food. This document also specifies limits for the release of metal-ions from enamelled articles, which are intended to come into contact with food. This document is applicable to enamelled articles, including tanks and vessels, which are intended to be used for the preparation, cooking, serving and storage of food.

This document defines the terms related to the general types of surface-finishing processes. Emphasis is placed on practical usage in surface-finishing technology in the metal-finishing field. This document does not include terms for porcelain and vitreous enamel, thermally sprayed coatings and galvanising for which specialized vocabularies and glossaries exist. For the most part, basic terms that have the same meaning in surface finishing as in other fields of technology, and that are defined in handbooks and dictionaries of chemistry and physics, are not included.

This document specifies a destructive method for the measurement of the local thickness of metallic and other inorganic coatings by examination of cross-sections with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The method is applicable for thicknesses up to several millimetres, but for such thick coatings it is usually more practical to use a light microscope (see ISO 1463). The lower thickness limit depends on the achieved measurement uncertainty (see Clause 10). NOTE The method can also be used for organic layers when they are neither damaged by the preparation of the cross-section nor by the electron beam during imaging.

This document specifies the apparatus, reagents, and procedure to assess the corrosion resistance of chromium electroplated parts in the presence of de-icing salts (especially calcium chloride) in the laboratory. This method is primarily applicable to decorative parts plated with chromium, especially to exterior (automobile) parts electroplated with nickel-chromium or copper-nickel-chromium. This document simulates a special corrosion in the presence of hygroscopic and corrosive de-icing salt and conductive mud with a high salt concentration on chromium electroplated deposits during winter.

This document specifies a method for determining the thermal conductivity of ceramic top coat (TC) constituting thermal barrier coating (TBC) subjected to heat treatment, in a direction normal to the coating surface, from room temperature up to 1 000 °C.

This document specifies four electrographic tests for assessing the porosity of electrodeposited gold and gold alloy coatings for engineering, and decorative and protective purposes.

This document specifies quality requirements for manufacturers of thermal sprayed coatings to ensure quality assurance for activities in the field of production. NOTE It is independent of the availability of a quality management system, e.g. ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001, which concern the concept and organization of the quality management. This document defines the quality requirements that are of importance for the manufacturing route. This document is applicable to thermal spraying including all the pre- and post-treatments of the whole coating process for new parts, for repairs and maintenance (e.g. after service) at the workshop or on site.

This document specifies a method for the measurement of the local thickness of metallic coatings, oxide layers, and porcelain or vitreous enamel coatings, by the microscopical examination of cross-sections using an optical microscope.

This document specifies methods for the determination of — the presence of colourless chromate conversion coatings, — the presence of hexavalent chromium in colourless and coloured coatings on zinc or cadmium or aluminium-zinc (mass fraction of aluminium: 55 %, within a range of 54 % to 56 % mass fraction) and zinc-aluminium (mass fraction of aluminium: 5 %) alloys, — the total chromium content per unit area on zinc and cadmium, — the mass per unit area of both colourless and coloured coatings, — the satisfactory adhesion of chromate conversion coatings, and — the quality of chromate coatings. These methods are applicable to — colourless and coloured chromate conversion coatings containing trivalent and hexavalent chromium in varying proportions and produced by either chemical or electrochemical processes, and — chromate coatings that are free from any supplementary coatings, such as oil, water or solvent-based polymers or wax.

This document specifies spectroscopic ellipsometry for the determination of optical properties (refractive index n and extinction coefficient k) and the optical classification of different types of amorphous carbon films within the n-k plane. It is applicable to amorphous carbon films deposited by ionized evaporation, sputtering, arc deposition, plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition, hot filament techniques and others. It does not apply to carbon films modified with metals or silicon, amorphous carbon films that have a gradient of composition/property in the thickness, paints and varnishes.

This document specifies a method for determining optical and dielectric constants in the UV-VIS-NIR spectral range as well as layer thicknesses in the field of at-line production control, quality assurance and material development through accredited test laboratories. It is applicable to stand-alone measuring systems. The presentation of the uncertainty of results conforms to ISO/IEC Guide 98-3.

This document specifies a method for measuring the in-plane Young’s modulus of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) formed on substrates, from room temperature up to 1 000 °C.

This document specifies a method for the measurement of metal coating thickness by first forming a step between the surface of the coating and the surface of its substrate and then measuring the step height using a profile recording instrument. It covers the instrumentation characteristics and the procedure appropriate to this specific application of profilometric methods. The method is applicable to the measurement of thicknesses of metal coatings from 0,01 µm to 1 000 µm on flat surfaces and, if appropriate precautions are taken, on cylindrical surfaces. It is highly suitable for the measurement of minute thicknesses but, for thicknesses of less than 0,01 µm, surface flatness and surface smoothness are very critical and, accordingly, the method is not suitable for use down to the lowest level of measurement usual for electronic stylus instruments. The method is suitable for measuring coating thicknesses when preparing coating thickness reference standards.

This document specifies how the symbolic representation of thermally sprayed coatings is indicated on drawings.

This document specifies a method for non-destructive measurements of the thickness of conductive coatings on non-conductive base materials. This method is based on the principle of the sheet resistivity measurement and is applicable to any conductive coatings and layers of metal and semiconductor materials. In general, the probe has to be adjusted to the conductivity and the thickness of the respective application. However, this document focuses on metallic coatings on non-conductive base materials (e.g. copper on plastic substrates, printed circuit boards). This method is also applicable to thickness measurements of conductive coatings on conductive base materials, if the resistivity of the coating and the base material is significantly different. However, this case is not considered in this document.

This document specifies a method for measuring the thickness of the individual nickel layers in electroplated multilayer nickel coatings and measuring the potential differences between the individual nickel layers in electroplated multilayer nickel coatings. The measurement of coatings or layer systems other than electroplated multilayer nickel coatings is outside the scope of this document.

This document specifies a method of determining the mass per unit area of hot dip galvanized coatings on ferrous materials. Since an exact knowledge of the area of the surface is essential, this document is mainly applicable to shapes whose areas are easy to determine. If, with heavy samples, the specifications of Clause 7 cannot be met, then the hot dip galvanized coating mass is determined by another method.

This document specifies the requirements and recommendations for electroless Ni-P-ceramic composite coatings applied from aqueous solutions onto metallic and non-metallic substrates. This document does not apply to ternary nickel alloys and nickel-boron ceramic composite coatings.

This document specifies a test method to measure the friction coefficient of chemical conversion coating sheet products and coiled products. This document is applicable to measure or compare the friction properties of hot-dip galvanized, lubricated and resin coated steel sheet, when tested under the same conditions.

This document specifies a method for measuring the reproducible linear thermal expansion coefficient of ceramic top coats (TCs) for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) up to 1 300 °C.

This document specifies a test method for determining the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamel coatings to abrasion by rubbing, grinding or other mechanical effects.

This document specifies two low voltage tests for detecting and locating defects that extend to the basis metal in vitreous and porcelain enamel coatings. Method A (electrical) is applicable to the rapid detection and determination of the general location of defects. Method B (optical), based on colour effects, is applicable to the more precise detection of defects and their exact locations. Both methods are commonly applied to flat surfaces. For more intricate shapes, such as undulated and/or corrugated surfaces, ISO 8289-2 is applicable. NOTE 1 Selection of the correct test method is critical to distinguish the areas of increased conductivity detected by method B from actual pores that extend to the basis metal, which can be detected by both methods. NOTE 2 The low voltage test is a non-destructive method of detecting defects and, therefore, is completely different from the high voltage test specified in ISO 2746. The results of the high and low voltage tests are not comparable and will differ.

This document gives guidelines and recommendations for the general principles of design appropriate to articles to be hot dip galvanized after fabrication (e.g. in accordance with ISO 1461) for the corrosion protection of, for example, articles that have been manufactured in accordance with EN 1090-2. This document does not apply to hot dip galvanized coatings applied to continuous wire or sheet (e.g. to EN 10346).