13.040.01 - Air quality in general
ICS 13.040.01 Details
Air quality in general
Luftbeschaffenheit im allgemeinen
Qualité de l'air en général
Kakovost zraka na splošno
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This document describes a test method to determine the activity concentration of atmospheric tritium by trapping tritium in air by bubbling through a water solution. Atmospheric tritium activity concentration levels are expressed in becquerel per cubic metre (Bq∙m-3). The formulae are given for a sampling system with four bubblers. They can also be applied to trapping systems with only one trapping module consisting of two bubblers if only HTO is in the atmosphere to be sampled. This document does not cover laboratory test sample results, in becquerel per litre of trapping solution, according to ISO 9698 or ISO 13168. The test method detection limit result is between 0,2 Bq∙m-3 and 0,5 Bq∙m-3 when the sampling duration is about one week.
- Standard35 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard36 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Draft35 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Draft35 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidance for — the sampling process of the aerosol particles in the air using filter media. This document takes into account the specific behaviour of aerosol particles in ambient air (Annex B). — Two methods for sampling procedures with subsequent or simultaneous measurement: — the determination of the activity concentration of radionuclides bound to aerosol particles in the air knowing the activity deposited in the filter; — the operating use of continuous air monitoring devices used for real time measurement. The activity concentration is expressed in becquerel per cubic metre (Bq∙m-3). This document describes the test method to determine activity concentrations of radionuclides bound to aerosol particles after air sampling passing through a filter media designed to trap aerosol particles. The method can be used for any type of environmental study or monitoring. The test method is used in the context of a quality assurance management system (ISO/IEC 17025[2]). This document does not cover the details of measurement test techniques (gamma spectroscopy, global alpha and beta counting, liquid scintillation, alpha spectrometry) used to determine the activity deposited in the media filter, which are either based on existing standards or internal methods developed by the laboratory in charge of those measurements. Also, this document does not cover the variability of the aerosol particle sizes as given by the composition of the dust contained in ambient air[3][4]. This document does not address to sampling of radionuclides bound to aerosol particles in the effluent air of nuclear facilities [see ISO 2889:2021][5]. The procedures described here facilitate the sampling of aerosol bound radionuclides. It is supposed to conform to the national and international requirements for monitoring programmes safety standards of IAEA[6]. The characteristics of the sampling location (coordinates, type of vegetation, obstacles) need to be documented prior to commencing the monitoring. The guidelines of the World Meteorology Organization (WMO) include the criteria for representative measurements of temperature, wind-speed, wind direction, humidity and precipitation for all the weather stations in the world[7].
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- Standard47 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document defines recommendations dealing with the quality of the air on civil aircraft concerning chemical compounds potentially originating from, but not limited, to, the ventilation air supplied to the cabin and flight deck.
A special emphasis is on the engine and APU bleed air contaminants potentially brought into the cabin through the air conditioning, pressurization and ventilation systems.
The document is applicable to civil aircraft in operation from the period that is defined as when the first person enters the aircraft until the last person leaves the aircraft.
The document recommends means to prevent exposure to certain types of chemical compounds, including those that could cause adverse effects, taking into account the Precautionary Principle.
- Technical report77 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft79 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides a transparent framework for reporting on the choices related to the procedure to determine primary energy factors (PEFs) and CO2 emission coefficients for energy delivered to and exported from the buildings as described in EN ISO 52000-1.
This document specifies the choices to be made to calculate the PEF(s) and CO2 emission coefficients related to different energy carriers. PEFs and CO2 emission coefficients for exported energy can be different from those chosen for delivered energy.
This document is primarily intended for supporting and complementing EN ISO 52000-1, as the latter requires values for the PEFs and CO2 emission coefficients to complete the EPB calculation. But it can also be used for other applications.
NOTE The CO2 emission coefficients allow calculating greenhouse gas emissions. According to the choices made, the CO2 emission coefficients represent only CO2 emissions or also other greenhouse gases.
Table 1 shows the position (marked by "X") of this document within the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1.
The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively.
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- Draft37 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the method intended for assessing the radon diffusion coefficient in waterproofing materials such as bitumen or polymeric membranes, coatings or paints, as well as assumptions and boundary conditions which will be met during the test.
The test method described in this document allows to estimate the radon diffusion coefficient in the range of 10-5 m2/s to 10-12 m2/s[8][9] with an associated uncertainty from 10 % to 40 %.
- Technical specification36 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies terms and definitions that are related to air quality (see 3.1.1.1). These are either general terms or are used in connection with the sampling (see 3.3.3.1) and measurement of gases, vapours (see 3.1.5.8) and airborne particles (see 3.2.2.1) for the determination of air quality.
The terms included are those that have been identified as being fundamental because their definition is necessary to avoid ambiguity and ensure consistency of use.
An alphabetical index of the terms is provided in Annex A.
This document is applicable to all International Standards, ISO Technical Reports, ISO Technical Specifications, and ISO Guides related to air quality.
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This document specifies the method intended for assessing the radon diffusion coefficient in waterproofing materials such as bitumen or polymeric membranes, coatings or paints, as well as assumptions and boundary conditions which will be met during the test.
The test method described in this document allows to estimate the radon diffusion coefficient in the range of 10-5 m2/s to 10-12 m2/s[8][9] with an associated uncertainty from 10 % to 40 %.
- Technical specification36 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes radon-222 integrated measurement techniques with passive sampling. It gives indications for determining the average activity concentration of the radon-222 in the air from measurements based on easy-to-use and low-cost passive sampling, and the conditions of use for the sensors. This document covers samples taken without interruption over periods varying from a few days to one year. This measurement method is applicable to air samples with radon activity concentrations greater than 5 Bq/m3.
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- Draft31 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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The European Directive on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (2008/50/EC; AQD) identifies different uses for modelling: Assessment, planning, forecast and source apportionment (SA). This document addresses source apportionment modelling and specifies performance tests to check whether given criteria for receptor oriented source apportionment models (RM) are met. The scope of the tests set out in this document is the performance assessment of SA of particulate matter using RM in the context of the European Directives 2004/107/EC and AQD, including the Commission Implementing Decision 2011/850/EU of 12 December 2011. The application of RM does not quantify the spatial origin of particulate matter; hence, this document does not test spatial SA.
This document addresses RM users: practitioners of individual source apportionment studies as well as participants and organizers of source apportionment intercomparison studies. This document is suitable for the evaluation of results of a specific SA modelling system with respect to reference values (a priori known or calculated on the basis of intercomparison participants' values) in the following application areas:
- Assessment of performance and uncertainties of a modelling system or modelling system set up using the indicators laid down in this document.
- Testing and comparing different source apportionment outputs in a specific situation (applying an evaluation data set) using the indicators laid down in this document.
- QA/QC tests every time practitioners run a modelling system.
It should be noted for clarity that the procedures and calculations presented in this document cannot be used to check the performance of a specific SA modelling result without having any a priori reference information about the contributions of sources/source categories.
NOTE The application of this document implies that the intercomparison is organized and coordinated by an institution with the necessary technical capabilities and independence; the definition of which is beyond the scope of this document.
The principles of RM are summarized in Annex A. An overview of uncertainty sources and recommendations about steps to follow in SA studies are provided in Annex B and Annex C. For further information about SA methodologies, refer to e.g. [1; 2; 3].
There are methodologies different from RM which are widely used to accomplish SA, e.g. source oriented models. These other methodologies cover aspects of SA which are required in the AQD and are not addressed by RM (e.g. allocation of pollutants to geographic emission areas). Performance assessment of such methodologies is out of the scope of this document.
- Technical specification29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft29 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document provides a transparent framework for reporting on the choices related to the procedure
to determine primary energy factors (PEFs) and CO2 emission coefficients for energy delivered to and
exported from the buildings as described in EN ISO 52000-1.
This document specifies the choices to be made to calculate the PEF(s) and CO2 emission coefficients
related to different energy carriers. PEFs and CO2 emission coefficients for exported energy can be
different from those chosen for delivered energy.
This document is primarily intended for supporting and complementing EN ISO 52000-1, as the latter
requires values for the PEFs and CO2 emission coefficients to complete the EPB calculation. But it can also
be used for other applications.
NOTE The CO2 emission coefficients allow calculating greenhouse gas emissions. According to the choices
made, the CO2 emission coefficients represent only CO2 emissions or also other greenhouse gases.
Table 1 shows the position (marked by “X”) of this document within the modular structure as set out in
EN ISO 52000-1.
The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and
one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed
method respectively.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft37 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes radon-222 spot measurement methods. It gives indications for carrying out spot measurements, at the scale of a few minutes at a given place, of the radon activity concentration in open and confined atmospheres.
This measurement method is intended for rapid assessment of the radon activity concentration in the air. The result cannot be extrapolated to an annual estimate of the radon activity concentration. This type of measurement is therefore not applicable for assessment of the annual exposure or for determining whether or not to mitigate citizen exposures to radon or radon decay products.
The measurement method described is applicable to air samples with radon activity concentration greater than 50 Bq·m−3.
NOTE For example, using an appropriate device, the radon activity concentration can be spot measured in the soil and at the interface of a material with the atmosphere (see also ISO 11665-7[8]).
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies terms and definitions that are related to air quality (see 3.1.1.1). These are either general terms or are used in connection with the sampling (see 3.3.3.1) and measurement of gases, vapours (see 3.1.5.8) and airborne particles (see 3.2.2.1) for the determination of air quality. The terms included are those that have been identified as being fundamental because their definition is necessary to avoid ambiguity and ensure consistency of use. An alphabetical index of the terms is provided in Annex A. This document is applicable to all International Standards, ISO Technical Reports, ISO Technical Specifications, and ISO Guides related to air quality.
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This document describes integrated measurement methods for short-lived radon‑222 decay products[4]. It gives indications for measuring the average potential alpha energy concentration of short‑lived radon-222 decay products in the air and the conditions of use for the measuring devices.
This document covers samples taken over periods varying from a few weeks to one year. This document is not applicable to systems with a maximum sampling duration of less than one week.
The measurement method described is applicable to air samples with potential alpha energy concentration of short-lived radon-222 decay products greater than 10 nJ/m3 and lower than 1 000 nJ/m3.
NOTE For informative purposes only, this document also addresses the case of radon-220 decay products, given the similarity in behaviour of the radon isotopes 222 and 220.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 11665-11:2016 describes radon-222 test methods for soil gas using passive and active in-situ sampling at depth comprised between surface and 2 m.
ISO 11665-11:2016 gives general requirements for the sampling techniques, either passive or active and grab or continuous, for in-situ radon-222 activity concentrations measurement in soil gas.
The radon-222 activity concentration in the soil can be measured by spot or continuous measurement methods (see ISO 11665‑1). In case of spot measurement methods (ISO 11665‑6), the soil gas sampling is active only. On the other hand, the continuous methods (ISO 11665‑5) are typically associated with passive soil gas sampling.
The measurement methods are applicable to all types of soil and are determined according to the end use of the measurement results (phenomenological observation, definition or verification of mitigation techniques, etc.) taking into account the expected level of the radon-222 activity concentration.
These measurement methods are applicable to soil gas samples with radon activity concentrations greater than 100 Bq/m3.
NOTE This part of ISO 11665 is complementary with ISO 11665‑7 for characterization of the radon soil potential.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft31 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document outlines guidance for measuring radon-222 activity concentration and the potential alpha energy concentration of its short-lived decay products in the air.
The measurement methods fall into three categories:
a) spot measurement methods;
b) continuous measurement methods;
c) integrated measurement methods.
This document provides several methods commonly used for measuring radon-222 and its short-lived decay products in air.
This document also provides guidance on the determination of the inherent uncertainty linked to the measurement methods described in its different parts.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft39 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
EN-ISO 11665-6 describes radon-222 spot measurement methods. It gives indications for carrying out spot measurements, at the scale of a few minutes at a given place, of the radon activity concentration in open and confined atmospheres.This measurement method is intended for rapid assessment of the radon activity concentration in the air. The result cannot be extrapolated to an annual estimate of the radon activity concentration. This type of measurement is therefore not applicable for assessment of the annual exposure or for determining whether or not to mitigate citizen exposures to radon or radon decay products.The measurement method described is applicable to air samples with radon activity concentration greater than 50 Bq·m-3.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document describes spot measurement methods for determining the activity concentration of short-lived radon-222 decay products in the air and for calculating the potential alpha energy concentration. This document gives indications for performing a spot measurement of the potential alpha energy concentration, after sampling at a given place for several minutes, and the conditions of use for the measuring devices. The measurement method described is applicable for a rapid assessment of the potential alpha energy concentration. The result obtained cannot be extrapolated to an annual estimate potential alpha energy concentration of short-lived radon-222 decay products. Thus, this type of measurement is not applicable for the assessment of annual exposure or for determining whether or not to mitigate citizen exposures to radon or radon decay products. This measurement method is applicable to air samples with potential alpha energy concentration greater than 5 nJ/m3. NOTE This document does not address the potential contribution of radon-220 decay products.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard20 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes radon-222 spot measurement methods. It gives indications for carrying out spot measurements, at the scale of a few minutes at a given place, of the radon activity concentration in open and confined atmospheres. This measurement method is intended for rapid assessment of the radon activity concentration in the air. The result cannot be extrapolated to an annual estimate of the radon activity concentration. This type of measurement is therefore not applicable for assessment of the annual exposure or for determining whether or not to mitigate citizen exposures to radon or radon decay products. The measurement method described is applicable to air samples with radon activity concentration greater than 50 Bq·m−3. NOTE For example, using an appropriate device, the radon activity concentration can be spot measured in the soil and at the interface of a material with the atmosphere (see also ISO 11665-7[8]).
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard13 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes continuous measurement methods for radon-222. It gives indications for continuous measuring of the temporal variations of radon activity concentration in open or confined atmospheres. This document is intended for assessing temporal changes in radon activity concentration in the environment, in public buildings, in homes and in work places, as a function of influence quantities such as ventilation and/or meteorological conditions. The measurement method described is applicable to air samples with radon activity concentration greater than 5 Bq/m3.
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This document specifies requirements for the determination of the activity concentration of radon in all types of buildings. The buildings can be single family houses, public buildings, industrial buildings, underground buildings, etc. This document describes the measurement methods used to assess, during the initial investigation phase, the average annual activity concentration of radon in buildings. It also deals with investigations needed to identify the source, entry routes and transfer pathways of the radon in the building (additional investigations). Finally, this document outlines the applicable requirements for the immediate post‑mitigation testing of the implemented mitigation techniques, monitoring of their effectiveness and testing of the sustainability of the building's behaviour towards radon. This document does not address the technical building diagnostic or the prescription of mitigation work.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard20 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document outlines guidance for measuring radon-222 activity concentration and the potential alpha energy concentration of its short-lived decay products in the air. The measurement methods fall into three categories: a) spot measurement methods; b) continuous measurement methods; c) integrated measurement methods. This document provides several methods commonly used for measuring radon-222 and its short-lived decay products in air. This document also provides guidance on the determination of the inherent uncertainty linked to the measurement methods described in its different parts.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard33 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard33 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes integrated measurement methods for short-lived radon‑222 decay products[4]. It gives indications for measuring the average potential alpha energy concentration of short‑lived radon-222 decay products in the air and the conditions of use for the measuring devices. This document covers samples taken over periods varying from a few weeks to one year. This document is not applicable to systems with a maximum sampling duration of less than one week. The measurement method described is applicable to air samples with potential alpha energy concentration of short-lived radon-222 decay products greater than 10 nJ/m3 and lower than 1 000 nJ/m3. NOTE For informative purposes only, this document also addresses the case of radon-220 decay products, given the similarity in behaviour of the radon isotopes 222 and 220.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard14 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard14 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of the free radon exhalation rate of a batch of mineral based building materials. This document only refers to 222Rn exhalation determination using two test methods: liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) and gamma ray spectrometry (see Annex A and Annex B). The exhalation of thoron (220Rn) does not affect the test result when applying the determination methods described in this document.
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard43 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the method intended for assessing the radon diffusion coefficient in waterproofing materials such as bitumen or polymeric membranes, coatings or paints, as well as assumptions and boundary conditions which will be met during the test. The test method described in this document allows to estimate the radon diffusion coefficient in the range of 10-5 m2/s to 10-12 m2/s[8][9] with an associated uncertainty from 10 % to 40 %.
- Technical specification27 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ISO/TS 11665-13:2017 specifies the different methods intended for assessing the radon diffusion coefficient in waterproofing materials such as bitumen or polymeric membranes, coatings or paints, as well as assumptions and boundary conditions that shall be met during the test. ISO/TS 11665-13:2017 is not applicable for porous materials, where radon diffusion depends on porosity and moisture content.
- Technical specification37 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ISO 11665-11:2016 describes radon-222 test methods for soil gas using passive and active in-situ sampling at depth comprised between surface and 2 m. ISO 11665-11:2016 gives general requirements for the sampling techniques, either passive or active and grab or continuous, for in-situ radon-222 activity concentrations measurement in soil gas. The radon-222 activity concentration in the soil can be measured by spot or continuous measurement methods (see ISO 11665‑1). In case of spot measurement methods (ISO 11665‑6), the soil gas sampling is active only. On the other hand, the continuous methods (ISO 11665‑5) are typically associated with passive soil gas sampling. The measurement methods are applicable to all types of soil and are determined according to the end use of the measurement results (phenomenological observation, definition or verification of mitigation techniques, etc.) taking into account the expected level of the radon-222 activity concentration. These measurement methods are applicable to soil gas samples with radon activity concentrations greater than 100 Bq/m3. NOTE This part of ISO 11665 is complementary with ISO 11665‑7 for characterization of the radon soil potential.
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- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard26 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
IEC TR 62726:2014 describes principles and guidance on quantifying greenhouse gas emission (CO2e) reductions compared to a baseline (which includes "business as usual") for electrical and electronic products and systems (hereinafter referred as EE products). It is based on the result of a comparative study on existing methodologies published or under discussion in international organizations.
- Technical report49 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This International Standard lays down the units to be used when reporting results of air quality measurements.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 13138:2012 specifies sampling conventions to define idealized samplers for estimating the deposition of non-volatile, non-hygroscopic, non-fibrous aerosols in five specific loci of the respiratory tract. The five loci consist of the anterior and posterior areas of the nasal passages, the ciliated and non-ciliated parts of the tracheobronchial area, and the alveolar (gas exchange) region.
The conventions are separated into three independent sampling efficiencies defined in terms of thermodynamic diameter characterizing the diffusive (Brownian) motion of sub-micrometre particles and four efficiencies in terms of aerodynamic diameter 0,1 μm characterizing deposition by impaction, interception or gravitational settling. Each conventional curve has been developed as an average of 12 deposition curves corresponding to 12 breathing conditions ranging from sitting to heavy exercise, male vs female, and breathing mode (mouth vs nasal breathing).
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 11665-7:2012 gives guidelines for estimating the radon-222 surface exhalation rate over a short period (a few hours), at a given place, at the interface of the medium (soil, rock, laid building material, walls, etc.) and the atmosphere. This estimation is based on measuring the radon activity concentration emanating from the surface under investigation and accumulated in a container of a known volume for a known duration. This method is estimative only, as it is difficult to quantify the influence of many parameters in environmental conditions. ISO 11665-7:2012 is particularly applicable, however, in case of an investigation, a search for sources or a comparative study of exhalation rates at the same site. ISO 11665-7:2012 does not cover calibration conditions for the rate estimation devices.
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ISO 13138:2012 specifies sampling conventions to define idealized samplers for estimating the deposition of non-volatile, non-hygroscopic, non-fibrous aerosols in five specific loci of the respiratory tract. The five loci consist of the anterior and posterior areas of the nasal passages, the ciliated and non-ciliated parts of the tracheobronchial area, and the alveolar (gas exchange) region. The conventions are separated into three independent sampling efficiencies defined in terms of thermodynamic diameter characterizing the diffusive (Brownian) motion of sub-micrometre particles and four efficiencies in terms of aerodynamic diameter 0,1 μm characterizing deposition by impaction, interception or gravitational settling. Each conventional curve has been developed as an average of 12 deposition curves corresponding to 12 breathing conditions ranging from sitting to heavy exercise, male vs female, and breathing mode (mouth vs nasal breathing).
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the bulk deposition of benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), benzo[j]fluoranthene (BjF), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBahA) and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (INP), which can be used in the framework of Directive 2004/107/EC. This European Standard specifies performance requirements with which the method has to comply in order to meet the data quality objectives given in this Directive.
This document specifies methods for sampling, sample preparation and analysis using gas chromatography with mass spectroscopic detection (GC/MS) or high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FLD). The funnel-bottle bulk collector is used as the standard collector.
The method is applicable for deposition measurements in
- rural and remote areas,
- industrial areas,
- urban areas.
The standard is applicable in the range from a few ng/(m2 d) to a few hundred ng/(m2 d).
- Standard44 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This EN standard is intended to assist users:
- Prepare emissions inventories of time averaged mass emissions into the air.
- Determine mass emissions factors in support of emission trading.
- Report the time averaged mass emissions of pollutants from industrial installations for reporting to Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers.
The Standard will cover (or include by reference): Planning and executing a suitable measurement programme, sampling, choice of equipment, the calculation of representative emissions rates, the selection of matching activity data, the determination of uncertainty, and the reporting of information in a form that is suitable for calculating emissions factors.
Guidance will be given for:
- Generating time averaged mass emissions rate data for a defined period,
- Generating complete data sets by: filling gaps in emissions rate data series, compensating for incomplete data sets, and combining data sets numerically.
- Aggregating empirical data representative of a reporting class.
Calculating emissions factors with a specified time constant.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
The Standard specifies methods for the determination of the atmospheric deposition of benz[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[j]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene and dibenz[a,h]anthracene, that can be used in the framework of Council Directive 96/62/EC and Council Directive 2004/107/EC. The Standard specifies performance requirements with which the methods have to comply in order to meet the data quality objectives given in the Directives. Methods for sampling, sample preparation and analysis (GC/MS and (HPLC/FLD) are given. The method is applicable for deposition measurements in rural and remote areas, industrial areas and urban areas.
- Standard44 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 11771:2010 specifies a generic method for the determination and the reporting of time-averaged mass emissions from a specific installation or of a family of installations (or common source type), using data collected by measurements, and by establishing: mass emission rates by the simultaneous measurement of concentration and gas flow, using standardized manual or automatic methods, and also the estimation of the uncertainty of the measurements; time-averaged mass emission rates using time series of mass emission rate values, their uncertainty characteristics, and also the determination of the expanded uncertainty of the average; time-averaged emission factors for a specific installation or of a family of installations and their associated uncertainty characteristics; a quality management system to assist the process of inventory quality assurance and verification.
ISO 11771:2010 is applicable to the determination of emission factors for stationary sources including emissions from industrial processes where calculation from fuel and raw material is not practical, for greenhouse gases, and air pollutants including fine particulate material. ISO 11771:2010 does not address compliance monitoring in the context of emission control regulations.
ISO 11771:2010 requires the use of measurement-based methods and calculation-based methods that use measurement data. It covers the planning and execution of the measurement programme to collect data, selection of sampling methods, calculation of results, estimation of uncertainty, determination of emission factors, and the reporting of information in a form that enables users to apply them. ISO 11771:2010 specifies how to: generate time-averaged mass emission rate data of a known quality, for a defined period of time, and a documented set of operational conditions; generate complete data sets representative of a known time period (i.e. a calendar year) by filling gaps in mass emission rate data series and combining data sets numerically; calculate emission factors for a known time period; calculate time-averaged emission factors of a known quality for a known source type.
The measurement of emissions from vehicular, area or fugitive sources is not specifically covered. However, ISO 11771:2010 can be used for quantification of emission factors for those sources provided that measurements of emissions are available.
ISO 11771:2010 does not explicitly include measurement procedures that are fully described in the referenced standards. Neither does it provide advice on the generation of activity statistics.
ISO 11771:2010 is compatible with ISO 14064-1 and ISO 14064-3.
- Standard33 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 11771:2010 specifies a generic method for the determination and the reporting of time-averaged mass emissions from a specific installation or of a family of installations (or common source type), using data collected by measurements, and by establishing: mass emission rates by the simultaneous measurement of concentration and gas flow, using standardized manual or automatic methods, and also the estimation of the uncertainty of the measurements; time-averaged mass emission rates using time series of mass emission rate values, their uncertainty characteristics, and also the determination of the expanded uncertainty of the average; time-averaged emission factors for a specific installation or of a family of installations and their associated uncertainty characteristics; a quality management system to assist the process of inventory quality assurance and verification. ISO 11771:2010 is applicable to the determination of emission factors for stationary sources including emissions from industrial processes where calculation from fuel and raw material is not practical, for greenhouse gases, and air pollutants including fine particulate material. ISO 11771:2010 does not address compliance monitoring in the context of emission control regulations. ISO 11771:2010 requires the use of measurement-based methods and calculation-based methods that use measurement data. It covers the planning and execution of the measurement programme to collect data, selection of sampling methods, calculation of results, estimation of uncertainty, determination of emission factors, and the reporting of information in a form that enables users to apply them. ISO 11771:2010 specifies how to: generate time-averaged mass emission rate data of a known quality, for a defined period of time, and a documented set of operational conditions; generate complete data sets representative of a known time period (i.e. a calendar year) by filling gaps in mass emission rate data series and combining data sets numerically; calculate emission factors for a known time period; calculate time-averaged emission factors of a known quality for a known source type. The measurement of emissions from vehicular, area or fugitive sources is not specifically covered. However, ISO 11771:2010 can be used for quantification of emission factors for those sources provided that measurements of emissions are available. ISO 11771:2010 does not explicitly include measurement procedures that are fully described in the referenced standards. Neither does it provide advice on the generation of activity statistics. ISO 11771:2010 is compatible with ISO 14064-1 and ISO 14064-3.
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This European Standard provides the performance criteria and test procedures for filter dust monitors and filter leakage monitors used to ensure that dust arrestment plants used on stationary sources are working satisfactorily.
A filter dust monitor is a dust arrestment plant monitor which can be calibrated in mass concentration units (e.g. mg/m3) and used for dust arrestment control purposes.
A filter leakage monitor is a dust arrestment plant monitor which indicates a possible problem with the dust arrestment plant by monitoring a change in the emissions level or a change in the magnitude of the dust pulses created by the cleaning process.
This standard is intended for use with the certification procedure for automated measuring systems described in EN 15267-1 and EN 15267-2.
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This European Standard provides the performance criteria and test procedures for filter dust monitors and filter leakage monitors used to ensure that dust arrestment plants used on stationary sources are working satisfactorily. A filter dust monitor is a dust arrestment plant monitor which can be calibrated in mg/m3 and used for dust arrestment control purposes. A filter leakage monitor is a dust arrestment plant monitor which indicates a possible problem with the dust arrestment plant by monitoring a change in the emissions level or a change in the magnitude of the dust pulses created by the cleaning process. This standard is intended for use with the certification procedure for automated measuring systems described in EN 15267-1 and EN 15267-2.
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This European Standard lays down the performance specifications and test procedures for automated measuring systems which measure gases and particulates in, and flow of, the waste gas of stationary sources.
This European Standard supports the requirements of particular EU Directives and the QAL1 requirements of EN 14181. The performance specifications cover a range of emission levels for large combustion plant, waste incineration and solvent using processes.
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- Standard62 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard is intended to provide a common reference to uncertainty estimation in air quality measurement, including measurements of ambient air, stack emission, indoor air and workplace atmospheres. It provides comprehensive guidance and specific
statistical procedures for uncertainty estimation in air quality measurement, implementing the general recommendations of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) to boundary conditions met in air quality measurement. Conditions considered include
measurands varying rapidly in time, hidden deviations caused by random changes of measuring conditions not corrected for, and the experimental designs used to keep random and systematic deviations under control. Experimental designs considered include calibration
procedures, intralaboratory and interlaboratory comparison procedures, drift control procedures, as well as the assessment of variances caused by hidden deviations. Guidance and statistical procedures provided by this International Standard are intended to be applicable
by technical experts in routine air quality measurement, as well as in development, validation and standardisation of air quality measurement methods.
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ISO 4226:2008 lays down the units to be used when reporting results of air quality measurements.
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ISO 20988:2007 provides comprehensive guidance and specific statistical procedures for uncertainty estimation in air quality measurements including measurements of ambient air, stationary source emissions, indoor air, workplace atmospheres and meteorology. It applies the general recommendations of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) to boundary conditions met in air quality measurement. The boundary conditions considered include measurands varying rapidly in time, as well as the presence of bias in a series of observations obtained under conditions of intended use of methods of air quality measurement.
The methods of measurement considered comprise methods corrected for systematic effects by repeated observation of reference materials, methods calibrated by paired measurement with a reference method, methods not corrected for systematic effects because they are unbiased by design, and methods not corrected for systematic effects in intended use deliberately taking into account a bias.
Experimental data for uncertainty estimation can be provided either by a single experimental design in a direct approach or by a combination of different experimental designs in an indirect approach.
- Standard88 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 20988:2007 provides comprehensive guidance and specific statistical procedures for uncertainty estimation in air quality measurements including measurements of ambient air, stationary source emissions, indoor air, workplace atmospheres and meteorology. It applies the general recommendations of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) to boundary conditions met in air quality measurement. The boundary conditions considered include measurands varying rapidly in time, as well as the presence of bias in a series of observations obtained under conditions of intended use of methods of air quality measurement. The methods of measurement considered comprise methods corrected for systematic effects by repeated observation of reference materials, methods calibrated by paired measurement with a reference method, methods not corrected for systematic effects because they are unbiased by design, and methods not corrected for systematic effects in intended use deliberately taking into account a bias. Experimental data for uncertainty estimation can be provided either by a single experimental design in a direct approach or by a combination of different experimental designs in an indirect approach.
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ISO 9169:2006 provides definitions and specifies methods to determine performance characteristics of an identified automatic air quality measuring system. Tests are carried out under stable laboratory conditions or field conditions. The automatic measuring system is considered as a black box operated according to specified procedures.
ISO 9169:2006 applies to measuring systems for which the following information is available: a description of the automatic measuring system providing the result of measurement in the physical unit of the measurand; operating procedures of the automatic measuring system including, where appropriate, the procedures of routine adjustment, routine verification and calibration; terms of reference for the test program specifying the client requirements and test conditions.
ISO 9169:2006 applies to measuring systems for which it is possible to apply several reference materials with accepted values with known uncertainty for the measurand, within the range of application.
ISO 9169:2006 does not specify the number of automatic measuring systems to be tested.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This International Standard provides definitions and specifies methods to determine performance characteristics of an identified automatic air quality measuring system. Tests are carried out under stable laboratory conditions or field conditions. The automatic measuring system is considered as a black box operated according to specified procedures. This International Standard applies to measuring systems for which the following information is available: a description of the automatic measuring system providing the result of measurement in the physical unit of the measurand; operating procedures of the automatic measuring system including, where appropriate, the procedures of routine adjustment, routine verification and calibration; terms of reference for the test program specifying the client requirements and test conditions. This International Standard applies to measuring systems for which it is possible to apply several reference materials with accepted values with known uncertainty for the measurand, within the range of application. This International Standard does not specify the number of automatic measuring systems to be tested.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 9169:2006 provides definitions and specifies methods to determine performance characteristics of an identified automatic air quality measuring system. Tests are carried out under stable laboratory conditions or field conditions. The automatic measuring system is considered as a black box operated according to specified procedures. ISO 9169:2006 applies to measuring systems for which the following information is available: a description of the automatic measuring system providing the result of measurement in the physical unit of the measurand; operating procedures of the automatic measuring system including, where appropriate, the procedures of routine adjustment, routine verification and calibration; terms of reference for the test program specifying the client requirements and test conditions. ISO 9169:2006 applies to measuring systems for which it is possible to apply several reference materials with accepted values with known uncertainty for the measurand, within the range of application. ISO 9169:2006 does not specify the number of automatic measuring systems to be tested.
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ISO 16362:2005 specifies sampling, cleanup and analysis procedures for the quantitative determination of low volatility (particle-bound) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient air. For sampling, a low-volume or a medium/high-volume sampling device may be used. Sampling times between 1 h and 24 h are possible. The sampling volume flow rates can range from 1 m/h to 4 m/h ("low volume sampler") or from 10 m/h to about 90 m/h ("medium/high-volume sampler"). In any case, the linear face velocity at the collection filter should range between about 0,5 m/s and 0,9 m/s. The method has been validated for sampling periods up to 24 h. The detection limits for single PAHs and the standard deviations resulting from duplicate measurements are listed. ISo 16362:2005 describes a sampling and analysis procedure for PAH that involves collection from air onto a filter followed by analysis using high performance liquid chromatography usually with fluorescence detector (FLD). The use of a diode array detector (DAD) is possible. The combination of both detector types is also possible. Total suspended particulate matter is sampled. Generally, compounds having a boiling point above 430 °C (vapour pressure less than 10-9 kPa at 25 °C, e.g. chrysene, benz[a]anthracene) can be collected efficiently on the filter at low ambient temperatures (e.g. below 10 °C). In contrast, at higher temperatures (above 30 °C, see also ISO 12884[1]), only PAHs having boiling points above 475 °C (vapour pressure less than 10-10 kPa at 25 °C) are determined quantitatively.
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ISO 11222:2002 provides a method for the quantification of the uncertainty of a time average of a set of air quality data obtained at a specified location over a defined averaging time period. The method is applicable to air quality data obtained by continuous or intermittent monitoring by means of a specified measuring system. The uncertainty of the time average depends on both the uncertainty of the measurement results and the uncertainty due to incomplete time coverage of the data set.
ISO 11222:2002 is only applicable if
the set of air quality data used to calculate the time average is representative of the temporal structure of the measurand over the defined time period,
appropriate information on the uncertainty of the measurement results is available, and
the measurement results have all been obtained at the same location.
ISO 11222:2002 implements recommendations of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM).
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ISO 16017-2:2003 gives general guidance for the sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air. It is applicable to indoor, ambient and workplace air.
ISO 16017-2:2003 is applicable to a wide range of VOCs, including hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ester, glycol ethers, ketones and alcohols. A number of sorbents are recommended for the sampling of these VOCs, each sorbent having a different range of applicability. Very polar compounds generally require derivatisation; very low boiling compounds are only partially retained by the sorbents and can only be estimated qualitatively. Semi-volatile compounds are fully retained by the sorbents, but may only be partially recovered.
ISO 16017-2:2003 is applicable to the measurement of airborne vapours of VOCs in a concentration range of approximately 0,002 mg/m3 to 100 mg/m3 individual organic for an exposure time of 8 h, or 0,3 g/m3 to 300 g/m3 individual organic for an exposure time of four weeks.
The upper limit of the useful range is set by the sorptive capacity of the sorbent used and by the linear dynamic range of the gas chromatograph column and detector or by the sample splitting capability of the analytical instrumentation used. The lower limit of the useful range depends on the noise level of the detector and on blank levels of analyte and/or interfering artefacts on the sorbent tubes. Artefacts are typically sub-nanogram for well-conditioned Tenax GR and carbonaceous sorbents, carbonized molecular sieves and pure charcoals; at low nanogram levels for Tenax TA and at 5 ng to 50 ng levels for other porous polymers.
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ISO 16017-2:2003 gives general guidance for the sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air. It is applicable to indoor, ambient and workplace air. ISO 16017-2:2003 is applicable to a wide range of VOCs, including hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ester, glycol ethers, ketones and alcohols. A number of sorbents are recommended for the sampling of these VOCs, each sorbent having a different range of applicability. Very polar compounds generally require derivatisation; very low boiling compounds are only partially retained by the sorbents and can only be estimated qualitatively. Semi-volatile compounds are fully retained by the sorbents, but may only be partially recovered. ISO 16017-2:2003 is applicable to the measurement of airborne vapours of VOCs in a concentration range of approximately 0,002 mg/m3 to 100 mg/m3 individual organic for an exposure time of 8 h, or 0,3 g/m3 to 300 g/m3 individual organic for an exposure time of four weeks. The upper limit of the useful range is set by the sorptive capacity of the sorbent used and by the linear dynamic range of the gas chromatograph column and detector or by the sample splitting capability of the analytical instrumentation used. The lower limit of the useful range depends on the noise level of the detector and on blank levels of analyte and/or interfering artefacts on the sorbent tubes. Artefacts are typically sub-nanogram for well-conditioned Tenax GR and carbonaceous sorbents, carbonized molecular sieves and pure charcoals; at low nanogram levels for Tenax TA and at 5 ng to 50 ng levels for other porous polymers.
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