75.060 - Natural gas
ICS 75.060 Details
Natural gas
Erdgas
Gaz naturel
Zemeljski plin
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 75.060 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Natural gas". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 350 standards classified under ICS 75.060 (Natural gas). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies the MNC method for the calculation of the methane number of a gaseous fuel, using the composition of the gas as sole input for the calculation.
This document applies to natural gas (and biomethane) and their admixtures with hydrogen.
- Draft42 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the PKI method for the calculation of the methane number of a gaseous fuel, using the composition of the gas as sole input for the calculation.
This document applies to natural gas (and biomethane) and their admixtures with hydrogen.
- Draft28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the MNC method for the calculation of the methane number of a gaseous fuel, using the composition of the gas as sole input for the calculation. This document applies to natural gas (and biomethane) and their admixtures with hydrogen.
- Standard37 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard40 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the PKI method for the calculation of the methane number of a gaseous fuel, using the composition of the gas as sole input for the calculation. This document applies to natural gas (and biomethane) and their admixtures with hydrogen.
- Standard23 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard24 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This European standard specifies gas quality characteristics, parameters and their limits, for gases classified as group H that are to be transmitted, injected into and from storages, distributed and utilized.
NOTE For information on gas families and gas groups see EN 437.
This European standard does not cover gases conveyed on isolated networks.
For biomethane, additional requirements indicated in prEN 16723 1 apply.
- Standard + National Annex and/or Foreword102 pagesForeword and/or annex in Slovenian language, body of the standard in English languagee-Library read for1 day
- Draft74 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the principles, instruments, materials and experimental conditions for testing Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio using triaxial testing method. It also specifies the sampling and mechanical testing procedures, as well as the method and precision requirements for calculating shale mechanical brittleness index based on Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. This document is applicable to reservoir quality evaluation and sweet spot identification in shale gas production.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the requirements, sampling, testing, inspection and accompanying documents of slick water. This document is applicable to fracturing fluid systems used in hydraulic fracturing operations in shale gas.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes how to establish the correlation between odorant concentration in air and odour intensity, usually presented in the form of odour intensity curves, following the odour intensity scale presented in Clause 5. This document does not fix a required level of odour intensity in the natural gas: this prescription is specified by local/national regulation.
- Technical specification12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification12 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This European standard specifies gas quality characteristics, parameters and their limits, for gases classified as group H that are to be transmitted, injected into and from storages, distributed and utilized.
NOTE For information on gas families and gas groups see EN 437.
This European standard does not cover gases conveyed on isolated networks.
For biomethane, additional requirements indicated in prEN 16723 1 apply.
- Standard + National Annex and/or Foreword102 pagesForeword and/or annex in Slovenian language, body of the standard in English languagee-Library read for1 day
- Draft74 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for the continuous and intermittent sampling of liquefied natural gas (LNG) while it is being transferred through an LNG transfer line.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document gives guidelines for safe fuelling operations of vehicles that use liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a fuel for propulsion, covering the activities and procedures to be followed for safe operation. It provides procedures applicable to different fuelling systems and technologies.
NOTE Regarding the responsibility surrounding the training of drivers of LNG vehicles, see the framework of Directive 89/391 EEC.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides requirements for operation of vehicles that use liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a fuel for propulsion, covering various aspects of LNGV workshops including activities, risk management, planning, personnel, layout, systems and operations. It provides requirements regarding the management of LNGV including use, parking, fuelling for commissioning, inspection, installation, repair and maintenance, disposal, transportation and documentation.
This document is applicable to the management of LNG vehicles.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives general guidance for the sampling and gas chromatographic analysis of compressor oil in biomethane or compressed natural gas (CNG). The compressor oil mass fraction is determined by sampling on coalescing filters under defined operational conditions (the two first cubic meters of gas referring to standard conditions, delivered at a refuelling station).
Compressor oils are lubricants used in mechanical devices where the purpose is to reduce the volume and increase the pressure of gases for use in a variety of applications.
The method is solely applicable to compressed gas (p>18 MPa).
The compressor oil content is expressed as mass fraction. The scope of this method is from 3 mg/kg – 30 mg/kg.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes a method for sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including siloxanes, terpenes, organic sulfur compounds, in natural gas and biomethane matrices, using thermal desorption gas chromatography with flame ionization and/or mass spectrometry detectors (TD-GC-FID/MS).
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) in biomethane, after absorption on an alkali-impregnated quartz fibre filtre or in a sorbent trap, by ion chromatography (IC) with conductimetric detection.
The method is applicable to biomethane for concentration levels for HCl from 0,07 mg/m3 to 35 mg/m3 and for HF from 0,07 mg/m3 to 20 mg/m3.
Unless stated otherwise, all concentrations in this document are given under standard reference conditions (see ISO 13443). Other conditions can be applied.
This method is also applicable to biogas. This method is intended to support conformity assessment of biomethane and biogas according to specifications, such as the EN 16723 series.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives general guidance for the sampling and gas chromatographic analysis of compressor oil in biomethane or compressed natural gas (CNG). The compressor oil mass fraction is determined by sampling on coalescing filters under defined operational conditions (the two first cubic meters of gas referring to standard conditions, delivered at a refuelling station).
Compressor oils are lubricants used in mechanical devices where the purpose is to reduce the volume and increase the pressure of gases for use in a variety of applications.
The method is solely applicable to compressed gas (p>18 MPa).
The compressor oil content is expressed as mass fraction. The scope of this method is from 3 mg/kg – 30 mg/kg.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives general guidance for the sampling and gas chromatographic analysis of compressor oil in biomethane or compressed natural gas (CNG). The compressor oil mass fraction is determined by sampling on coalescing filters under defined operational conditions (the two first cubic meters of gas referring to standard conditions, delivered at a refuelling station). Compressor oils are lubricants used in mechanical devices where the purpose is to reduce the volume and increase the pressure of gases for use in a variety of applications. The method is solely applicable to compressed gas (p>18 MPa). The compressor oil content is expressed as mass fraction. The scope of this method is from 3 mg/kg – 30 mg/kg.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard14 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of the concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) in biomethane, after absorption on an alkali-impregnated quartz fibre filtre or in a sorbent trap, by ion chromatography (IC) with conductimetric detection.
The method is applicable to biomethane for concentration levels for HCl from 0,07 mg/m3 to 35 mg/m3 and for HF from 0,07 mg/m3 to 20 mg/m3.
Unless stated otherwise, all concentrations in this document are given under standard reference conditions (see ISO 13443). Other conditions can be applied.
This method is also applicable to biogas. This method is intended to support conformity assessment of biomethane and biogas according to specifications, such as the EN 16723 series.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) in biomethane, after absorption on an alkali-impregnated quartz fibre filtre or in a sorbent trap, by ion chromatography (IC) with conductimetric detection. The method is applicable to biomethane for concentration levels for HCl from 0,07 mg/m3 to 35 mg/m3 and for HF from 0,07 mg/m3 to 20 mg/m3. Unless stated otherwise, all concentrations in this document are given under standard reference conditions (see ISO 13443). Other conditions can be applied. This method is also applicable to biogas. This method is intended to support conformity assessment of biomethane and biogas according to specifications, such as the EN 16723 series.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard13 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes a method for sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including siloxanes, terpenes, organic sulfur compounds, in natural gas and biomethane matrices, using thermal desorption gas chromatography with flame ionization and/or mass spectrometry detectors (TD-GC-FID/MS).
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes a method for sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including siloxanes, terpenes, organic sulfur compounds, in natural gas and biomethane matrices, using thermal desorption gas chromatography with flame ionization and/or mass spectrometry detectors (TD-GC-FID/MS).
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard9 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes the test method for the determination of hydrogen sulfide content in natural gas by ultraviolet (UV) absorption method. This document applies to the determination of hydrogen sulfide content in natural gas, in the range from 1 mg/m3 to 50 mg/m3.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard12 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes several test methods for measuring the ammonia amount fraction in natural gas and biomethane at the trace level (µmol mol-1). The suitable handling and sampling of pressurised mixtures of ammonia in methane that are applied to several different ammonia measurement systems are described. The measurement systems are comprised of readily available commercial spectroscopic analysers that are specific to ammonia. These NH3 analysers are considered as a black box in terms of their operation, which is dependent on the instructions of the manufacturer. The document describes suitable calibration and measurement strategies to quantify ammonia in (bio)methane around and above the 10 mg m-3 (14 µmol mol-1) level and applies to analysis within absolute pressure ranges of 1 bar – 2 bar, temperatures of 0 °C – 40 °C and relative humidity <90 %.
References are also made to additional standards that are applied either to natural gas analysis or air quality measurements. In this document the matrix gas is always methane or biomethane and the measurand is the amount fraction NH3.
NOTE 1 bar = 0,1 MPa =105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes a gas chromatography – ion mobility spectroscopy (GC-IMS) method for the determination of the concentration of siloxanes in biomethane. The method is applicable to the following siloxanes:
— hexamethyldisiloxane (L2);
— octamethyltrisiloxane (L3);
— decamethyltetrasiloxane (L4);
— dodecamethylpentasiloxane (L5);
— hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3);
— octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4);
— decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5);
— dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6).
This document describes suitable calibration and measurement strategies to quantify siloxanes in (bio)methane around and above the 0,3 mg m-3 (14 µmol mol-1) level and applies to analyses within absolute pressure ranges of 1 bar – 2 bar, temperatures of 0 °C – 40 °C and relative humidity < 90 %.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a micro gas chromatography method for the on-line or offline determination of the content of five terpenes in biomethane, namely:
— alpha-pinene,
— beta-pinene,
— para-cymene,
— limonene,
— 3-carene.
The method is specifically developed for these five compounds. Information about the compounds is given in Annex A.
The method is applicable to the determination of individual amount fractions of the five terpenes from 1 µmol/mol up to and including 10 µmol/mol. With minor modifications it can also be used for terpene amount fractions above 10 µmol/mol.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document introduces the production process, the distribution and quality designation of coal-based synthetic natural gas (CBSNG) in many places around the world, and examines whether ISO/TC 193 standards for sampling, test and calculation methods are applicable to the CBSNG product.
- Technical report22 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes several test methods for measuring the ammonia amount fraction in natural gas and biomethane at the trace level (µmol mol-1). The suitable handling and sampling of pressurised mixtures of ammonia in methane that are applied to several different ammonia measurement systems are described. The measurement systems are comprised of readily available commercial spectroscopic analysers that are specific to ammonia. These NH3 analysers are considered as a black box in terms of their operation, which is dependent on the instructions of the manufacturer. The document describes suitable calibration and measurement strategies to quantify ammonia in (bio)methane around and above the 10 mg m-3 (14 µmol mol-1) level and applies to analysis within absolute pressure ranges of 1 bar – 2 bar, temperatures of 0 °C – 40 °C and relative humidity <90 %.
References are also made to additional standards that are applied either to natural gas analysis or air quality measurements. In this document the matrix gas is always methane or biomethane and the measurand is the amount fraction NH3.
NOTE 1 bar = 0,1 MPa =105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes a gas chromatography – ion mobility spectroscopy (GC-IMS) method for the determination of the concentration of siloxanes in biomethane. The method is applicable to the following siloxanes:
— hexamethyldisiloxane (L2);
— octamethyltrisiloxane (L3);
— decamethyltetrasiloxane (L4);
— dodecamethylpentasiloxane (L5);
— hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3);
— octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4);
— decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5);
— dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6).
This document describes suitable calibration and measurement strategies to quantify siloxanes in (bio)methane around and above the 0,3 mg m-3 (14 µmol mol-1) level and applies to analyses within absolute pressure ranges of 1 bar – 2 bar, temperatures of 0 °C – 40 °C and relative humidity < 90 %.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes several test methods for measuring the ammonia amount fraction in natural gas and biomethane at the trace level (µmol mol-1). The suitable handling and sampling of pressurised mixtures of ammonia in methane that are applied to several different ammonia measurement systems are described. The measurement systems are comprised of readily available commercial spectroscopic analysers that are specific to ammonia. These NH3 analysers are considered as a black box in terms of their operation, which is dependent on the instructions of the manufacturer. The document describes suitable calibration and measurement strategies to quantify ammonia in (bio)methane around and above the 10 mg m-3 (14 µmol mol-1) level and applies to analysis within absolute pressure ranges of 1 bar – 2 bar, temperatures of 0 °C – 40 °C and relative humidity References are also made to additional standards that are applied either to natural gas analysis or air quality measurements. In this document the matrix gas is always methane or biomethane and the measurand is the amount fraction NH3. NOTE 1 bar = 0,1 MPa =105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard12 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document describes a gas chromatography – ion mobility spectroscopy (GC-IMS) method for the determination of the concentration of siloxanes in biomethane. The method is applicable to the following siloxanes: - hexamethyldisiloxane (L2); - octamethyltrisiloxane (L3); - decamethyltetrasiloxane (L4); - dodecamethylpentasiloxane (L5); - hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3); - octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4); - decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5); - dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6). This document describes suitable calibration and measurement strategies to quantify siloxanes in (bio)methane around and above the 0,3 mg m-3 (14 µmol mol-1) level and applies to analyses within absolute pressure ranges of 1 bar – 2 bar, temperatures of 0 °C – 40 °C and relative humidity
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard12 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a micro gas chromatography method for the on-line or offline determination of the content of five terpenes in biomethane, namely:
— alpha-pinene,
— beta-pinene,
— para-cymene,
— limonene,
— 3-carene.
The method is specifically developed for these five compounds. Information about the compounds is given in Annex A.
The method is applicable to the determination of individual amount fractions of the five terpenes from 1 µmol/mol up to and including 10 µmol/mol. With minor modifications it can also be used for terpene amount fractions above 10 µmol/mol.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a micro gas chromatography method for the on-line or offline determination of the content of five terpenes in biomethane, namely: - alpha-pinene, - beta-pinene, - para-cymene, - limonene, - 3-carene. The method is specifically developed for these five compounds. Information about the compounds is given in Annex A. The method is applicable to the determination of individual amount fractions of the five terpenes from 1 µmol/mol up to and including 10 µmol/mol. With minor modifications it can also be used for terpene amount fractions above 10 µmol/mol.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the determination of drag reduction of slick water, which is mainly used to evaluate the drag reduction performance of slick water. This document uses the pipeline method to evaluate the drag reduction, which is currently recognized as the best method to evaluate the drag reduction performance. This document describes the device, experimental conditions and operating steps in detail. The drag reduction value obtained by evaluation according to this document can effectively represent the on-site drag reduction performance.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the determination of the concentration of alkanolamines in biomethane. The measurement method involves thermal desorption gas chromatography with flame ionization and/or mass spectrometry detectors (TD-GC-MS/FID). The described method is specifically developed for the analysis of five amine compounds, namely:
— monoethanolamine (MEA);
— diglycolamine (DGA);
— diethanolamine (DEA);
— N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA);
— piperazine (PZ).
Information about the compounds is given in Annex A.
- Technical specification17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the determination of the concentration of alkanolamines in biomethane. The measurement method involves thermal desorption gas chromatography with flame ionization and/or mass spectrometry detectors (TD-GC-MS/FID). The described method is specifically developed for the analysis of five amine compounds, namely:
— monoethanolamine (MEA);
— diglycolamine (DGA);
— diethanolamine (DEA);
— N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA);
— piperazine (PZ).
Information about the compounds is given in Annex A.
- Technical specification17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable to the measurement of the total silicon content in gaseous matrices such as biomethane and biogas. Silicon is present in a gas phase contained predominantly in siloxane compounds, trimethylsilane and trimethylsilanol. The analytical form of the silicon measured in liquid phase after conducted sampling and derivatization procedure is soluble hexafluorosilicate anion stable in slightly acidified media. Total silicon is expressed as a mass of silicon in the volume of the analysed gas.
This document is applicable to stated gaseous matrices with silicon concentrations up to 5 mg/m3, and it is prevalently intended for the biomethane matrices with Si mass concentration of 0,1 mg/m3 to 0,5 mg/m3.
With adaptation to ensure appropriate absorption efficiency, it can be used for higher concentrations. The detection limit of the method is estimated as 0,05 mg/m3 based on a gas sample volume of 0,020 m3. All compounds present in the gas phase are volatile at the absorption and derivatization temperature and gaseous organosilicon species are trapped in absorbance media and derivatized into analytical silicon that is measured by this method. The concentration of the silicon is measured in diluted derivatization media using atomic emission spectrometry upon atomisation/ionisation in microwave or inductively coupled plasma.
Unless specified otherwise, all volumes and concentrations refer to standard reference conditions (temperature, 273 K, and pressure, 101,325 kPa).
NOTE When using appropriate dilution factors, the method can also be applied for silicon concentrations above 5 mg/m3.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Elemental sulfur impacts the quality of pipeline natural gas and deposits on pipeline flanges, fittings and valves, thereby impacting their performance. Natural gas suppliers and distributers require a standardized test method for measuring elemental sulfur. Some government regulators are also interested in measuring elemental sulfur since it would provide a means for assessing the contribution of elemental sulfur in pipelines to the SOx emission inventory from burning of gaseous fuels. Use of this method in concert with sulfur gas laboratory test methods such as Test Methods D4084, D4468, D5504, and D6228 or on-line methods such as D7165 or D7166 can provide users with a comprehensive sulfur compound profile for natural gas or other gaseous fuels. Other applications may include elemental sulfur in particulate deposits such as diesel exhausts.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is primarily for the determination of elemental sulfur in natural gas pipelines, but it may be applied to other gaseous fuel pipelines and applications provided the user has validated its suitability for use. The detection range for elemental sulfur, reported as sulfur, is 0.0018 mg/L to 30 mg/L. The results may also be reported in units of mg/kg or ppm.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Uncontrolled oil carryover from lubricated natural gas compressors can adversely affect natural gas vehicle (NGV) performance. In some instances, small amounts of oil will accumulate in vehicle pressure regulators and slow their response. It can also affect other components of the engine fueling system. Erratic engine performance, under fueling, or engine shutdown can occur. Such incidents have been reported by operators of NGV fueling stations and vehicles.
5.2 There is some vaporization of the lubrication (lube) oil that occurs due to compression of the gas. The oil vapor in CNG can be collected using a sorbent tube and quantified. Along with quantification of lube oil, this procedure can collect solids present in the gas.
5.3 These methods do not separate any solids including siloxane from the compressor oil carryover or vapor.
5.4 This practice can be applied to other gaseous samples requiring determination of compressor oil carryover provided the user’s data quality objectives are satisfied.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice is intended for gravimetric determination of compressor oil carryover as aerosols using either a coalescing filter method or sorbent tube method.
1.2 The method using coalescing filters is applicable to analysis of compressor or lube oil carryover as a liquid and is intended for long term monitoring of a compressed natural gas (CNG) dispenser system.
1.3 The method using a sorbent tube is applicable to analysis of compressor or lube oil carryover as a vapor and liquid in CNG dispenser systems present at 1 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg in a sample volume of 0.2 m3 to 0.6 m3. This method is applicable to a measurement intended to replicate the filling of a vehicle.
1.4 This standard shall be applicable to natural gas, biogas, or renewable natural gas (RNG) that is compressed for use as a fuel for internal combustion engines in motor vehicles.
1.5 This standard shall be applicable to natural gas, biogas, or renewable natural gas when they have been blended with hydrogen and have been compressed for use as a fuel for internal combustion engines in motor vehicles.
1.6 The user shall determine if the volumetric measuring elements of the dispensing system are adjusted for the composition of gaseous fuel blends being delivered and those volumetric measuring elements correctly calculate the volume of fuel delivered. The users shall apply appropriate correction factors if necessary.
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.8 Mention of trade names or organizations in this standard does not constitute endorsement or recommendation. Other manufacturers of equipment or equipment models can be used.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document is applicable to the measurement of the total silicon content in gaseous matrices such as biomethane and biogas. Silicon is present in a gas phase contained predominantly in siloxane compounds, trimethylsilane and trimethylsilanol. The analytical form of the silicon measured in liquid phase after conducted sampling and derivatization procedure is soluble hexafluorosilicate anion stable in slightly acidified media. Total silicon is expressed as a mass of silicon in the volume of the analysed gas.
This document is applicable to stated gaseous matrices with silicon concentrations up to 5 mg/m3, and it is prevalently intended for the biomethane matrices with Si mass concentration of 0,1 mg/m3 to 0,5 mg/m3.
With adaptation to ensure appropriate absorption efficiency, it can be used for higher concentrations. The detection limit of the method is estimated as 0,05 mg/m3 based on a gas sample volume of 0,020 m3. All compounds present in the gas phase are volatile at the absorption and derivatization temperature and gaseous organosilicon species are trapped in absorbance media and derivatized into analytical silicon that is measured by this method. The concentration of the silicon is measured in diluted derivatization media using atomic emission spectrometry upon atomisation/ionisation in microwave or inductively coupled plasma.
Unless specified otherwise, all volumes and concentrations refer to standard reference conditions (temperature, 273 K, and pressure, 101,325 kPa).
NOTE When using appropriate dilution factors, the method can also be applied for silicon concentrations above 5 mg/m3.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document is applicable to the measurement of the total silicon content in gaseous matrices such as biomethane and biogas. Silicon is present in a gas phase contained predominantly in siloxane compounds, trimethylsilane and trimethylsilanol. The analytical form of the silicon measured in liquid phase after conducted sampling and derivatization procedure is soluble hexafluorosilicate anion stable in slightly acidified media. Total silicon is expressed as a mass of silicon in the volume of the analysed gas. This document is applicable to stated gaseous matrices with silicon concentrations up to 5 mg/m3, and it is prevalently intended for the biomethane matrices with Si mass concentration of 0,1 mg/m3 to 0,5 mg/m3. With adaptation to ensure appropriate absorption efficiency, it can be used for higher concentrations. The detection limit of the method is estimated as 0,05 mg/m3 based on a gas sample volume of 0,020 m3. All compounds present in the gas phase are volatile at the absorption and derivatization temperature and gaseous organosilicon species are trapped in absorbance media and derivatized into analytical silicon that is measured by this method. The concentration of the silicon is measured in diluted derivatization media using atomic emission spectrometry upon atomisation/ionisation in microwave or inductively coupled plasma. Unless specified otherwise, all volumes and concentrations refer to standard reference conditions (temperature, 273 K, and pressure, 101,325 kPa). NOTE When using appropriate dilution factors, the method can also be applied for silicon concentrations above 5 mg/m3.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard13 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers LNG density calculation models for use in the calculation or prediction of the densities of saturated liquefied natural gas (LNG) mixtures at a specified temperature range given the pressure, temperature, and composition of the mixture. Composition restrictions for the LNGs are given for methane, nitrogen, n-butane, i-butane, and pentanes. It is assumed that hydrocarbons with carbon numbers of six or greater are not present in the LNG solution. The mathematical models presented here are the extended corresponding states model, hard sphere model, revised Klosek and McKinley model, and the cell model.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) density calculation models for use in the calculation or prediction of the densities of saturated LNG mixtures from 90K to 120K to within 0.1 % of true values given the pressure, temperature, and composition of the mixture.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence of trace amounts of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide can have deleterious effects in certain processes using hydrocarbon products as feed stock. This test method is suitable for setting specifications, for use as an internal quality control tool, and for use in development and research work.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in the parts per billion mole (nmol/mol) to parts per million mole (µmol/mol) range in C2 and C3 hydrocarbons.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For some specific hazard statements, see Annex A1.
1.3.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for the safe operation of this test method procedure and related activities.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document gives means for ensuring that samples of natural gas and natural gas substitutes that are conveyed into transmission and distribution grids are representative of the mass to which they are allocated.
NOTE To ensure that a particular gas is taken into account in the standard, please see Annex A.
This document is applicable for sampling at sites and locations where interchangeability criteria, energy content and network entry conditions are measured and monitored and is particularly relevant at cross border and fiscal measurement stations. It serves as an important source for control applications in natural gas processing and the measurement of trace components.
This document is applicable to natural dry gas (single phase - typically gas transiting through natural gas pipelines) sampling only. On occasion a natural gas flow can have entrained liquid hydrocarbons. Attempting to sample a wet natural gas flow introduces the possibility of extra unspecified uncertainties in the resulting flow composition analysis. Sampling a wet gas (two or three phases) flow is outside the scope of this document.
This document does not apply to the safety issues associated with gas sampling.
- Standard80 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods to calculate (dynamic) viscosity, Joule-Thomson coefficient, isentropic exponent, and speed of sound, excluding density, for use in the metering of natural gas flow.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a coulometric procedure for the determination of water content by the Karl Fischer method. The method is applicable to natural gas and other gases which do not react with Karl Fischer (KF) reagents.
It applies to water concentrations between 5 mg/m3 and 5 000 mg/m3. Volumes are expressed at temperature of 273,15 K (0 °C) and a pressure of 101,325 kPa (1 atm).
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies general requirements for the determination of water in natural gas using the Karl Fischer method (see Reference [1]).
ISO 10101-2 and ISO 10101-3 specify two individual methods of determination, a titration procedure and a coulometric procedure, respectively.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a volumetric procedure for the determination of water content in natural gas. Volumes are expressed in cubic metres at a temperature of 273,15 K (0 °C) and a pressure of 101,325 kPa (1 atm). It applies to water concentrations between 5 mg/m3 and 5 000 mg/m3.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to measure the level of mercury in any gaseous fuel (as defined by Terminology D4150) for purposes such as determining compliance with regulations, studying the effect of various abatement procedures on mercury emissions, checking the validity of direct instrumental measurements, and verifying that mercury concentrations are below those required for gaseous fuel processing and operations.
5.2 Adsorption of the mercury on gold-coated sorbent can remove interferences associated with the direct measurement of mercury in the presence of high concentrations of organic compounds. It preconcentrates the mercury before analysis, thereby offering measurement of ultra-low average concentrations in a gas stream over a long time span. It avoids the cumbersome use of liquid spargers with on-site sampling and eliminates contamination problems associated with the use of potassium permanganate solutions.5,6,7
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total mercury in gaseous fuels at concentrations down to 0.5 ng/m3. It includes separate procedures for both sampling and atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of mercury. This procedure detects both inorganic and organic forms of mercury.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury containing products, or both, into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 H2S measurements in natural gas are performed to ensure concentrations satisfy gas purchase contract criteria and to prevent pipeline and associated component corrosion.
5.2 Using TDLAS for the measurement of H2S in natural gas enables a high degree of selectivity with minimal interference from common constituents in natural gas streams. The TDLAS analyzer can detect changes in concentration with a relatively rapid response compared to other methods so that operators may take swift action when designated H2S concentrations are exceeded.
5.3 Primary applications covered in this test method are listed in 5.3.1 and 5.3.2. Each application may have differing requirements and methods for gas sampling. Additionally, different natural gas applications may require unique spectroscopic considerations.
5.3.1 Raw natural gas is found in production, gathering sites, and inlets to gas-processing plants characterized by potentially high levels of water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), H2S, and heavy hydrocarbons. Gas-conditioning plants and skids are normally used to remove H2O, CO2, H2S, and other contaminants.
5.3.2 High-quality “sales gas” is found in transportation pipelines, natural gas distribution (utilities), and natural gas power plant inlets. The gas is characterized by a very high percentage of methane (90 to 100 %) with small quantities of other hydrocarbons and trace levels of contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is for the online determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in natural gas using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) analyzers also known as a “TDL analyzers.” The particular wavelength for H2S measurement varies by manufacturer, typically between 1000 and 10 000 nm with an individual laser having a tunable range of less than 10 nm. The H2S concentration ranges can be anywhere from 0-5 ppm(v) to 0-90 % by volume.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. TDLAS analyzers inherently output concentrations in unitless molar ratios such as ppm(v).
Note 1: Weight-per-volume units such as milligrams or grains of H2S per cubic foot or cubic meter can be derived from ppm(v) at “standard conditions” or standard temperature and pressure.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document gives means for ensuring that samples of natural gas and natural gas substitutes that are conveyed into transmission and distribution grids are representative of the mass to which they are allocated.
NOTE To ensure that a particular gas is taken into account in the standard, please see Annex A.
This document is applicable for sampling at sites and locations where interchangeability criteria, energy content and network entry conditions are measured and monitored and is particularly relevant at cross border and fiscal measurement stations. It serves as an important source for control applications in natural gas processing and the measurement of trace components.
This document is applicable to natural dry gas (single phase - typically gas transiting through natural gas pipelines) sampling only. On occasion a natural gas flow can have entrained liquid hydrocarbons. Attempting to sample a wet natural gas flow introduces the possibility of extra unspecified uncertainties in the resulting flow composition analysis. Sampling a wet gas (two or three phases) flow is outside the scope of this document.
This document does not apply to the safety issues associated with gas sampling.
- Standard80 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day