13.040.99 - Other standards related to air quality
ICS 13.040.99 Details
Other standards related to air quality
Weitere Aspekte der Luftbeschaffenheit
Autres normes relatives a la qualité de l'air
Drugi standardi v zvezi s kakovostjo zraka
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 13.040.99 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Other standards related to air quality". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 141 standards classified under ICS 13.040.99 (Other standards related to air quality). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies the sampling procedures, transport conditions, storage and substrate used that can affect emissions of volatile organic compounds for three types of building products or furnishing: solid, liquid and combined. For individual products, the preparation of a test specimen for each type is specified.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines terms related to the air filtration industry.
This document is applicable to particulate matter and gas phase air filters and air cleaners used for the general ventilation of inhabited enclosed spaces. It is also applicable to air inlet filters for static or seaborne rotary machines, cleanable filters, UV-C germicidal devices, and stand-alone electrically-powered air cleaners.
It is not applicable to cabin filters for road vehicles or air inlet filters for mobile internal combustion engines for which separate arrangements exist. Dust separators for the purpose of air pollution control are also excluded.
- Standard48 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a measuring method for the distribution of thickness, area mass, gas permeability and collection efficiency in the filter medium, and applies to both woven and non-woven filter medium. This document provides a method for sampling specimen (position, size and number) from the filter medium required to obtain its performance distribution accurately. The purpose of this document is to provide more accurate information about the morphology of the filter medium for users, and not to compare grade the performance of the filter medium.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the sampling procedures, transport conditions, storage and substrate used that can affect emissions of volatile organic compounds for three types of building products or furnishing: solid, liquid and combined. For individual products, the preparation of a test specimen for each type is specified.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the performance criteria and test procedures for the performance test of stationary automated measuring systems (AMS) that continuously measure gases and particulate matter in, and flow of, the waste gas from stationary sources.
This document supports the requirements of particular EU Directives. It provides the detailed procedures covering the QAL1 requirements of EN 14181 and, where required, input data used in QAL3.
- Standard72 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general performance criteria and test procedures for the performance test of portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS) used for periodic measurements of stationary source emissions. It applies to the performance test of P-AMS based on measurement techniques specified by the standard reference method (SRM) or an alternative method (AM).
The performance test is based on the general performance criteria and test procedures specified in this document and on the specific requirements specified for the SRM or AM. This includes testing of the applicability and correct implementation of the QA/QC procedures specified for the SRM or AM.
This document supports the requirements of particular EU Directives.
- Standard64 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the performance criteria and test procedures for the performance test of stationary automated measuring systems (AMS) that continuously measure gases and particulate matter in, and flow of, the waste gas from stationary sources.
This document supports the requirements of particular EU Directives. It provides the detailed procedures covering the QAL1 requirements of EN 14181 and, where required, input data used in QAL3.
- Standard72 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general performance criteria and test procedures for the performance test of portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS) used for periodic measurements of stationary source emissions. It applies to the performance test of P-AMS based on measurement techniques specified by the standard reference method (SRM) or an alternative method (AM).
The performance test is based on the general performance criteria and test procedures specified in this document and on the specific requirements specified for the SRM or AM. This includes testing of the applicability and correct implementation of the QA/QC procedures specified for the SRM or AM.
This document supports the requirements of particular EU Directives.
- Standard64 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements for the manufacturer’s quality management system (QMS), the initial assessment of the manufacturer’s production control and the continuing surveillance of the effect of subsequent changes on the performance of certified air quality monitoring equipment (AQME).
This document also serves as a reference document for auditing the manufacturer’s QMS.
This document elaborates and supplements the requirements of EN ISO 9001:2015.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles of certification, including common procedures and requirements, for the certification of air quality monitoring equipment (AQME).
This document applies to the certification of AQME for ambient air quality and emissions from stationary sources for which performance criteria and test procedures are available in European Standards.
This document provides for the certification of AQME according to the requirements of EN ISO/IEC 17065:2012.
This document elaborates and supplements the requirements of EN ISO/IEC 17065:2012 for bodies certifying AQME. It specifies requirements on testing laboratories as well as the manufacturer’s quality management system (QMS) and the surveillance for the manufacturing process as part of the certification process.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the general principles of certification, including common procedures and requirements, for the certification of air quality monitoring equipment (AQME).
This document applies to the certification of AQME for ambient air quality and emissions from stationary sources for which performance criteria and test procedures are available in European Standards.
This document provides for the certification of AQME according to the requirements of EN ISO/IEC 17065:2012.
This document elaborates and supplements the requirements of EN ISO/IEC 17065:2012 for bodies certifying AQME. It specifies requirements on testing laboratories as well as the manufacturer’s quality management system (QMS) and the surveillance for the manufacturing process as part of the certification process.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements for the manufacturer’s quality management system (QMS), the initial assessment of the manufacturer’s production control and the continuing surveillance of the effect of subsequent changes on the performance of certified air quality monitoring equipment (AQME).
This document also serves as a reference document for auditing the manufacturer’s QMS.
This document elaborates and supplements the requirements of EN ISO 9001:2015.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Thermal insulating materials that produce objectionable odors could cause discomfort to persons occupying a structure insulated with such materials. Therefore, an examination to determine the odor potential of a particular insulation is desirable.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for subjective determination of the existence, nature, and degree of odors present in all types of thermal insulation materials. This test method is not intended to evaluate the air quality aspects that any such odors may present.
1.2 The standard test condition for material evaluated under this test method is 149 ± 1.8°F (65 ± 1°C). Standard specifications referencing this test method may require other test conditions.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method covers the determination of respirable dust concentration in workplace atmospheres.
5.2 Variations of the test method are in world-wide use for determining compliance relative to occupational exposure levels.
5.3 The test method may be used to verify dust control measures.
5.4 The test method may also be applied in research into health effects of dust in an occupational setting.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides details for the determination of respirable dust concentration defined in terms of international convention in a range from 0.5 mg/m3 to 10 mg/m3 in workplace atmospheres, depending on sampling time. Specifics are given for sampling and analysis using any one of a number of commercially available cyclone samplers.
1.2 The limitations on the test method are a minimum weight of 0.1 mg of dust on the filter, and a maximum loading dependent on sampler type and time of sampling. The test method may be used at higher loadings if the flow rate can be maintained constant.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This test method contains notes that are explanatory and are not part of the mandatory requirements of the method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Mammalian cell lines are widely used in the production of biological therapeutics, such as monoclonal antibodies and other recombinant proteins. Some of these cell lines, like rodent cell lines, are known to contain genes encoding endogenous retroviral-like particles or produce endogenous retrovirus, but there is no evidence of an association between rodent retrovirus and disease in humans. Adventitious viruses can be introduced into a drug substance manufacturing process from other sources, and contamination of human therapeutics is a safety concern (3).
3.2 Virus filtration, an orthogonal technology in a virus clearance platform to such steps as low pH or surfactant inactivation, has traditionally been accepted as a robust method for virus clearance when well designed. Size exclusion has been shown to be the primary mechanism of virus removal by virus retentive filtration, that is, larger viruses are more easily retained than smaller viruses such as parvoviruses (4, 5). Large virus retention has also been shown to be insensitive to process fluid characteristics such as protein type, protein concentration, pH, and ionic strength (4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10). In contrast, for small viruses, aspects like flow pausing and/or flux decay can impact clearance (4, 6, 11).
3.3 Large virus retentive filters, or retrovirus filters, are tested for removal of larger enveloped viruses like retrovirus or MuLV (80 nm to 100 nm) and have undetectable levels of the large bacteriophage PR772 (64 nm to 82 nm) (1). Small virus retentive filters, or parvovirus filters, are designed to remove parvovirus, like MMV (18 nm to 26 nm) (1). Since size exclusion has been demonstrated as the mechanism of virus retention, retroviruses, which are three to four times larger than parvoviruses, should be large enough to be completely retained, with undetectable levels of retrovirus in the filtrate, by all small virus retentive filters designed to remove parvovirus.
3.4 Numerous published studies...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice assures 6.0 log10 removal of retrovirus (for example, MuLV).
1.2 This practice is applicable to monoclonal antibody (mAb), immunoglobulin G (IgG) fusion proteins, recombinant proteins, or other proteins produced using mammalian cell lines (for example, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO), murine hybridomas, murine myelomas, or human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293).
1.3 The step is performed on cell-free intermediates.
1.4 The log removal claim for retrovirus by small virus retentive filters can be used in conjunction with other clearance unit operations (for example, low pH inactivation, or inactivation of virus by surfactant) to assure sufficient total process clearance of potential virus contaminants, which would be supportive of early phase (clinical phase 1 or phase 2a trials) regulatory filings.
1.5 Retrovirus removal claim by filtration is limited to small virus retentive filters, as defined in the PDA Technical Report Virus Filtration (1)2 in the context of this standard.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for the objective determination of the odour concentration of a gaseous sample using dynamic olfactometry with human assessors. The standard also specifies a method for the determination of the emission rate of odours from stationary sources, in particular:
- point sources (conveyed or ducted emissions);
- active area sources (e.g. biofilters);
- passive sources.
The primary application of this standard is to provide a common basis for evaluation of odour emissions.
When this document is used for the determination of the odour concentration or the odour emission rate of stationary source emissions, the other relevant European Standards concerning stationary source emissions apply, in particular EN 15259 and EN 16911-1, especially when measurements have to be in compliance with the relevant European Directives concerning industrial air emissions.
Even so, the analysis/quantification step of the measurement method described in this document (i.e. the determination of the odour concentration of an odorous gas sample, without respect to the origin of the sample itself) can be fully applied in many cases not related with industrial emission sources (e.g. the measurement of the mass concentration at the detection threshold of pure odorous substances, the determination of effectiveness of deodorizing systems for indoor air). In those latter cases, the requirements in this document concerning the measurement planning and the sampling of stationary sources can be ignored or adapted.
This document is applicable to the measurement of odour concentration of pure substances, defined odorant compounds and undefined mixtures of odorant volatiles in air or nitrogen, using dynamic olfactometry with a panel of human assessors being the sensor. The unit of measurement is the European odour unit per cubic metre: ouE/m3. The odour concentration is measured by determining the dilution factor required to reach the detection threshold. The odour concentration at the detection threshold is by definition 1 ouE/m3. The odour concentration is then expressed in terms of multiples of the detection threshold. The range of measurement is typically from 101 ouE/m3 to 107 ouE/m3 (including pre dilution).
The field of application of this document includes:
- the measurement of the mass concentration at the detection threshold of pure odorous substances in g/m3;
- the determination of the EROM value of odorants, in mol;
- the measurement of the odour concentration of mixtures of odorants in ouE/m3;
- the measurement of the emission rate of odorous emissions from point sources, active area sources and passive area sources, including pre dilution during sampling;
- the sampling of odorous gases from emissions of high humidity and temperature (up to 200 °C);
- the determination of effectiveness of end-of-pipe mitigation techniques used to reduce odour emissions.
The determination of odour emissions requires measurement of gas velocityto determine the gas volume flow rate.
The field of application of this document does not include:
- the measurement of odours potentially released by particles of odorous solids or droplets of odorous fluids suspended in emissions;
- the measuring strategy to be applied in case of variable emission rates;
- the measurement of the relationship between odour stimulus and assessor response above detection threshold (perceived intensity);
- measurement of hedonic tone (or (un)pleasantness) or assessment of annoyance potential;
- direct measurement of odour exposure in ambient air. For this measurement purpose, field panel methods exist which are the subject of CEN standard EN 16841-1, Ambient Air - Determination of odour in ambient air by using field inspection - Grid method;
- direct olfactometry, including field olfactometry;
- static olfactometry;
- measurement of odour recognition thresholds;
- measurement of odour identification thresholds.
.....
- Standard124 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are a variety of darkening agents that contribute to air and surface contamination in industrial, urban and rural environments. Biofilms (fungal and algal), soil minerals, plant fragments, rubber fragments, metal corrosion and soot are common darkening agents. Soot is formed as an unwanted by-product of combustion and consequently varies widely with the type of fuel and combustion conditions. Carbon black, on the other hand, is purposely produced under a controlled set of conditions. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish carbon black from soot, as well as other environmental contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling and testing for distinguishing ASTM type carbon black, in the N100 to N900 series, from other environmental particulates.
1.2 This practice requires some degree of expertise on the part of the microscopist. For this reason, the microscopist must have adequate training and on-the-job experience in identifying the morphological parameters of carbon black and general knowledge of other particles that may be found in the environment. In support of this analysis, Donnet's book2 is highly recommended to be used as a technical reference for recognizing and understanding the microstructure of carbon black.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the test methods for determining the efficiency of filters at their most penetrating particle size (MPPS). It also gives guidelines for the testing and classification for filters with an MPPS of less than 0,1 μm (Annex B) and filters using media with (charged) synthetic fibres (Annex C). It is intended for use in conjunction with ISO 29463‑1, ISO 29463‑2, ISO 29463‑3 and ISO 29463‑4.
- Standard37 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides general guidelines and recommendations for presenting product and material samples to assessors for evaluation of odor attributes under controlled conditions. Specific situations may require variations to these guidelines.
5.2 This guide is designed for use in assessing odor of products and materials for such applications as, but not limited to, development, reformulation, complaint investigation, quality control, and stability/shelf-life.
5.3 Elements of this guide may also be utilized for assessor training programs involving odor evaluation tasks.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for odor evaluation of products and materials under controlled conditions with a trained panel.
1.2 This guide addresses odor, aroma, malodor and fragrance (see Terminology E253).
1.3 This guide addresses assessor selection and training, sample preparation, and test procedures specific to odor evaluations.
1.4 This guide does not address odor of any specific category of products.
1.5 This guide does not recommend a specific testing method. The user is responsible for identifying the most appropriate test design and analysis tools to address the research questions.
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is for use in the preparation of no more than four wipe samples collected from equally-sized areas in the same space combined to form a composited sample for subsequent determination of lead content.
5.2 This practice assumes use of wipes that meet Specification E1792 and should not be used unless the wipes meet Specification E1792.
5.3 This practice is capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within paint dust.
5.4 This practice may not be capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within silica or silicate matrices, or within matrices not soluble in nitric acid.
5.5 Adjustment of the nitric acid concentration or acid strength, or both, of the final extract solution may be necessary for compatibility with the instrumental analysis method to be used for lead quantification.
5.6 This sample preparation practice has not been validated for use and must be validated by the user prior to using the practice for client samples.
Note 1: Each combination of wipes (two wipes, three wipes, and four wipes) constitutes a different matrix and must be separately validated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the extraction of lead (Pb) using ultrasonication, heat and nitric acid from a composited sample of up to four individual wipe samples of settled dust collected from equally-sized areas in the same space.
1.2 This practice contains notes which are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the practice.
1.3 This practice should be used by analysts experienced in digestion techniques such as hot blocks. Like all procedures used in an analytical laboratory, this practice needs to be validated for use and shown to produce acceptable results before being applied to client samples.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended for the digestion of lead in dust wipe samples collected during various lead hazard activities performed in and around buildings and related structures.
5.2 This practice is also intended for the digestion of lead in dust wipe samples collected during and after building renovations.
5.3 This practice is applicable to the digestion of dust wipe samples that have or have not been collected in accordance with Practice E1728/E1728M using wipes that may or may not conform to Specification E1792.
5.4 This practice is applicable to the digestion of dust wipe samples that were placed in either hard-walled, rigid containers such as 50-mL centrifuge tubes or flexible plastic bags.
Note 2: Due to the difficulty in performing quantitative transfers of some samples from plastic bags, hard-walled rigid containers such as 50-mL plastic centrifuge tubes are recommended in Practice E1728/E1728M for sample collection.
5.5 Digestates prepared according to this practice are intended to be analyzed for lead concentration using spectrometric techniques such as Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS) (see Test Methods E1613, E3193, and E3203), or using electrochemical techniques such as anodic stripping voltammetry (see Practice E2051).
5.6 This practice is not capable of determining lead bound within matrices, such as silica, that are not soluble in nitric acid.
5.7 This practice is capable of determining lead bound within paint.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the acid digestion of surface dust samples (collected using wipe sampling practices) and associated quality control (QC) samples for the determination of lead.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Informational inch-pound units are provided in Note 3.
1.3 This practice contains notes which are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is for use in the preparation of no more than four wipe samples combined to form a composited sample for subsequent determination of lead content.
5.2 This practice assumes use of wipes that meet Specification E1792 and should not be used unless the wipes meet Specification E1792.
5.3 This practice is capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within paint dust.
5.4 This practice may not be capable of preparing samples for determination of lead bound within silica or silicate matrices, or within matrices not soluble in nitric acid.
5.5 Adjustment of the nitric acid concentration or acid strength, or both, of the final extract solution may be necessary for compatibility with the instrumental analysis method to be used for lead quantification.
5.6 This sample preparation practice has not been validated for use and must be validated by the user prior to using the practice for client samples.
Note 1: Each combination of wipes (two wipes, three wipes, and four wipes) constitutes a different matrix and must be separately validated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is similar to Practice E1644 and covers the hot, nitric acid digestion of lead (Pb) from a composited sample of up to four individual wipe samples of settled dust collected from equally-sized areas in the same space.
1.2 This practice contains notes which are explanatory and not part of mandatory requirements of the practice.
1.3 This practice should be used by analysts experienced in digestion techniques such as hot blocks. Like all procedures used in an analytical laboratory, this practice needs to be validated for use and shown to produce acceptable results before being applied to client samples.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides information on testing systems and their components used for measuring responses of CO alarms or detectors subjected to gases, vapors, and their mixtures. Components of a testing system include a chamber, clean air supply module, humidification module, gas and vapor delivery module, and verification and control instrumentation.
5.2 The CO detector is tested by sequential exposure to CO and interference gases at the specified challenge concentrations. A properly functioning alarm/detector will sound upon sufficient exposure to CO but will not sound upon any exposure to interference gases consistent with applicable standards (for example, IAS 6-96 (1),5 L 2034).
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes testing systems used for measuring responses of carbon monoxide (CO) alarms or detectors subjected to gases, vapors, and their mixtures.
1.2 The systems are used to evaluate responses of CO detectors to various CO concentrations, to verify that the detectors alarm at certain specified CO concentrations, and to verify that CO detectors do not alarm at certain other specified CO concentrations.
1.3 The systems are used for evaluating CO detector responses to gases and vapors that may interfere with the ability of detectors to respond to CO.
1.4 Major components of such a testing system include a chamber, clean air supply module, humidification module, gas and vapor delivery module, and verification and control instrumentation.
1.5 For each component, this guide provides a comparison of different approaches and discusses their advantages and disadvantages.
1.6 The guide also presents recommendations for a minimum configuration of a testing system.
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific safety precautionary information, see 6.2.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The weighing of collected aerosol is one of the most common and purportedly simple analytical procedures in both occupational and environmental atmospheric monitoring (for example, Test Method D4532 or D4096). Problems with measurement accuracy occur when the amount of material collected is small, owing both to balance inaccuracy and variation in the weight of that part of the sampling medium that is weighed along with the sample. The procedures presented here for controlling and documenting such analytical errors will help provide the accuracy required for making well-founded decisions in identifying, characterizing, and controlling hazardous conditions.
4.2 Recommendations are given as to materials to be used. Means of controlling or correcting errors arising from instability are provided. Recommendations as to the weighing procedure are given. Finally, a method evaluation procedure for estimating weighing errors is described.
4.3 Recommendations are also provided for the reporting of weights relative to LOD (see 3.2.6) and LOQ (see 3.2.7). The quantities, LOD and LOQ, are computed as a result of the method evaluation.
SCOPE
1.1 Assessment of airborne aerosol hazards in the occupational setting entails sampling onto a collection medium followed by analysis of the collected material. The result is generally an estimated concentration of a possibly hazardous material in the air. The uncertainty in such estimates depends on several factors, one of which relates to the specific type of analysis employed. The most commonly applied method for analysis of aerosols is the weighing of the sampled material. Gravimetric analysis, though apparently simple, is subject to errors from instability in the mass of the sampling medium and other elements that must be weighed. An example is provided by aerosol samplers designed to collect particles so as to agree with the inhalable aerosol sampling convention (see ISO 7708, Guide D6062, and EN 481). For some sampler types, filter and cassette are weighed together to make estimates. Therefore, if the cassette, for example, absorbs or loses water between the weighings required for a concentration estimation, then errors may arise. This practice covers such potential errors and provides solutions for their minimization.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the method intended for assessing the radon diffusion coefficient in waterproofing materials such as bitumen or polymeric membranes, coatings or paints, as well as assumptions and boundary conditions which will be met during the test.
The test method described in this document allows to estimate the radon diffusion coefficient in the range of 10-5 m2/s to 10-12 m2/s[8][9] with an associated uncertainty from 10 % to 40 %.
- Technical specification36 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The effects of VOC sources on the indoor air quality in buildings have not been well established. One basic requirement that has emerged from indoor air quality studies is the need for well-characterized test data on the emission factors of VOCs from building materials. Standard test method and procedure are a requirement for the comparison of emission factor data from different products.
4.2 This practice describes a procedure for using a small environmental test chamber to determine the emission factors of VOCs from wood-based panels over a specified period of time. A pre-screening analysis procedure is also provided to identify the VOCs emitted from the products, to determine the appropriate GC-MS or GC-FID analytical procedure, and to estimate required sampling volume for the subsequent environmental chamber testing.
4.3 Test results obtained using this practice provide a basis for comparing the VOC emission characteristics of different wood-based panel products. The emission data can be used to inform manufacturers of the VOC emissions from their products. The data can also be used to identify building materials with reduced VOC emissions over the time interval of the test.
4.4 While emission factors determined by using this practice can be used to compare different products, the concentrations measured in the chamber shall not be considered as the resultant concentrations in an actual indoor environment.
SCOPE
1.1 The practice measures the volatile organic compounds (VOC), excluding formaldehyde, emitted from manufactured wood-based panels. A pre-screening analysis is used to identify the VOCs emitted from the panel. Emission factors (that is, emission rates per unit surface area) for the VOCs of interest are then determined by measuring the concentrations in a small environmental test chamber containing a specimen. The test chamber is ventilated at a constant air change rate under the standard environmental conditions. For formaldehyde determination, see Test Method D6007.
1.2 This practice describes a test method that is specific to the measurement of VOC emissions from newly manufactured individual wood-based panels, such as particleboard, plywood, and oriented strand board (OSB), for the purpose of comparing the emission characteristics of different products under the standard test condition. For general guidance on conducting small environmental chamber tests, see Guide D5116.
1.3 VOC concentrations in the environmental test chamber are determined by adsorption on an appropriate single adsorbent tube or multi-adsorbent tube, followed by thermal desorption and combined gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or gas chromatograph/flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The air sampling procedure and the analytical method recommended in this practice are generally valid for the identification and quantification of VOCs with saturation vapor pressure between 500 and 0.01 kPa at 25°C, depending on the selection of adsorbent(s).
Note 1: VOCs being captured by an adsorbent tube depend on the adsorbent(s) and sampling procedure selected (see Practice D6196). The user should have a thorough understanding of the limitations of each adsorbent used. Although canisters can be used to sample VOCs, this standard is limited to sampling VOCs from the chamber air using adsorbent tubes.
1.4 The emission factors determined using the above procedure describe the emission characteristics of the specimen under the standard test condition. These data can be used directly to compare the emission characteristics of different products and to estimate the emission rates up to one month after the production. They shall not be used to predict the emission rates over longer periods of time (that is, more than one month) or under different environmental conditions.
1.5 Emission data from chamber tests can be used for predicting the impact of wood-based panels on the VOC concentrations...
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This document describes spot measurement methods for determining the activity concentration of short-lived radon-222 decay products in the air and for calculating the potential alpha energy concentration.
This document gives indications for performing a spot measurement of the potential alpha energy concentration, after sampling at a given place for several minutes, and the conditions of use for the measuring devices.
The measurement method described is applicable for a rapid assessment of the potential alpha energy concentration. The result obtained cannot be extrapolated to an annual estimate potential alpha energy concentration of short-lived radon-222 decay products. Thus, this type of measurement is not applicable for the assessment of annual exposure or for determining whether or not to mitigate citizen exposures to radon or radon decay products.
This measurement method is applicable to air samples with potential alpha energy concentration greater than 5 nJ/m3.
NOTE This document does not address the potential contribution of radon-220 decay products.
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This document describes continuous measurement methods for radon-222. It gives indications for continuous measuring of the temporal variations of radon activity concentration in open or confined atmospheres.
This document is intended for assessing temporal changes in radon activity concentration in the environment, in public buildings, in homes and in work places, as a function of influence quantities such as ventilation and/or meteorological conditions.
The measurement method described is applicable to air samples with radon activity concentration greater than 5 Bq/m3.
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This document describes integrated measurement methods for short-lived radon‑222 decay products[4]. It gives indications for measuring the average potential alpha energy concentration of short‑lived radon-222 decay products in the air and the conditions of use for the measuring devices.
This document covers samples taken over periods varying from a few weeks to one year. This document is not applicable to systems with a maximum sampling duration of less than one week.
The measurement method described is applicable to air samples with potential alpha energy concentration of short-lived radon-222 decay products greater than 10 nJ/m3 and lower than 1 000 nJ/m3.
NOTE For informative purposes only, this document also addresses the case of radon-220 decay products, given the similarity in behaviour of the radon isotopes 222 and 220.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The objective of this practice is to provide procedures for estimation of human inhalation exposure to VOCs emitted from bedding sets in homes. The estimated inhalation exposure can be used as an input for characterization of health risks from short-term VOC exposures.
5.2 The results of exposure estimation for specific raw materials and components, or processes used in manufacturing different bedding sets, can be used to compare their relative impacts on exposures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedures for estimation of short-term human inhalation exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from bedding sets when a new bedding set is first brought into a bedroom.
1.2 The estimated exposure is based on an estimated emission profile of VOCs from bedding sets.
1.3 The VOC emission from bedding sets, as in the case of other household furnishings, usually are highest when the products are new. Procedures described in this practice are applicable to both new and used bedding sets.
1.4 Exposure to airborne VOC emissions in a residence is estimated for a household member, based on location and activity patterns.
1.5 The estimated exposure may be used for characterization of health risks that could result from short-term exposures to VOC emissions.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document outlines guidance for measuring radon-222 activity concentration and the potential alpha energy concentration of its short-lived decay products in the air.
The measurement methods fall into three categories:
a) spot measurement methods;
b) continuous measurement methods;
c) integrated measurement methods.
This document provides several methods commonly used for measuring radon-222 and its short-lived decay products in air.
This document also provides guidance on the determination of the inherent uncertainty linked to the measurement methods described in its different parts.
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ISO 11665-11:2016 describes radon-222 test methods for soil gas using passive and active in-situ sampling at depth comprised between surface and 2 m.
ISO 11665-11:2016 gives general requirements for the sampling techniques, either passive or active and grab or continuous, for in-situ radon-222 activity concentrations measurement in soil gas.
The radon-222 activity concentration in the soil can be measured by spot or continuous measurement methods (see ISO 11665‑1). In case of spot measurement methods (ISO 11665‑6), the soil gas sampling is active only. On the other hand, the continuous methods (ISO 11665‑5) are typically associated with passive soil gas sampling.
The measurement methods are applicable to all types of soil and are determined according to the end use of the measurement results (phenomenological observation, definition or verification of mitigation techniques, etc.) taking into account the expected level of the radon-222 activity concentration.
These measurement methods are applicable to soil gas samples with radon activity concentrations greater than 100 Bq/m3.
NOTE This part of ISO 11665 is complementary with ISO 11665‑7 for characterization of the radon soil potential.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The DL concept addresses potential measurement interpretation errors. It is used to control the likelihood of reporting a positive finding of asbestos when the measured asbestos level cannot clearly be differentiated from the background contamination level. Specifically, a measurement is reported as being “below the DL” if the measured level is not statistically different than the background level.
4.2 The DL, along with other measurement characteristics such as bias and precision, is used when selecting a measurement method for a particular application. The DL should be established either at the method development stage or prior to a specific application of the method. The method developer subsequently would advertise the method as having a certain DL. An analyst planning to collect and analyze samples would, if alternative measurement methods were available, want to select a measurement method with a DL that was appropriate for the intended application.5 The most important use of the DL, therefore, takes place at the planning stage of a study, before samples are collected and analyzed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice presents the procedure for determining the detection limit (DL)2 for measurements of fibers or structures3 using microscopy methods.
1.2 This practice applies to samples of air that are analyzed either by phase contrast microscopy (PCM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and samples of dust that are analyzed by TEM.
1.3 The microscopy methods entail counting asbestos structures and reporting the results as structures per cubic centimeter of air (str/cc) or fibers per cubic centimeter of air (f/cc) for air samples and structures per square centimeter of surface area (str/cm2) for dust samples.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is significant for determining performance relative to ideal sampling conventions. The purposes are multifold:
5.1.1 The conventions have a recognized tie to health effects and can easily be adjusted to accommodate new findings.
5.1.2 Performance criteria permit instrument designers to seek practical sampler improvements.
5.1.3 Performance criteria promote continued experimental testing of the samplers in use with the result that the significant variables (such as wind speed, particle charge, etc.) affecting sampler operation become understood.
5.2 One specific use of the performance tests is in determining the efficacy of a given candidate sampler for application in regulatory sampling. The accuracy of the candidate sampler is measured in accordance with the evaluation tests given here. A sampler may then be adopted for a specific application if the accuracy is better than a specific value.
Note 1: In some instances, a sampler so selected for use in compliance determinations is specified within an exposure standard. This is done so as to eliminate differences among similar samplers. Sampler specification then replaces the respirable sampling convention, eliminating bias (3.2.6), which then does not appear in the uncertainty budget.
5.3 Although the criteria are presented in terms of accepted sampling conventions geared mainly to compliance sampling, other applications exist as well. For example, suppose that a specific aerosol diameter-dependent health effect is under investigation. Then for the purpose of an epidemiological study an aerosol sampler that reflects the diameter dependence of interest is required. Sampler accuracy may then be determined relative to a modified sampling convention.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of the performance of personal samplers of non-fibrous respirable aerosol. The samplers are assessed relative to a specific respirable sampling convention. The convention is one of several that identify specific particle size fractions for assessing health effects of airborne particles. When a health effects assessment has been based on a specific convention it is appropriate to use that same convention for setting permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambient environment and for monitoring compliance. The conventions, which define inhalable, thoracic, and respirable aerosol sampler ideals, have now been adopted by the International Standards Organization (ISO 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN Standard EN 481), and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH, Ref (1)),2 developed (2) in part from health-effects studies reviewed in Ref (3) and in part as a compromise between definitions proposed in Refs (3, 4).
1.2 This practice is complementary to Test Method D4532, which specifies a particular instrument, the 10-mm cyclone.3 The sampler evaluation procedures presented in this practice have been applied in the testing of the 10-mm cyclone as well as the Higgins-Dewell cyclone.3 ,4 Details on the evaluation have been published (5-7) and can be incorporated into revisions of Test Method D4532.
1.3 A central aim of this practice is to provide information required for characterizing the uncertainty of concentration estimates from samples taken by candidate samplers. For this purpose, sampling accuracy data from the performance tests given here can be combined with information as to analytical and sampling pump uncertainty obtained externally. The practice applies principles of ISO GUM, expanded to cover situations common in occupational hygiene measurement, where the measurand varies markedly in both time and space. A general approach (8) for dealing with this situation relates to the theory of tolerance intervals and may be summarized as follows: Sampling/analytical methods undergo extensive evaluations and are subsequently applied without re-evaluation at each meas...
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ISO 29463-4:2011 specifies the test procedure of the "scan method", considered to be the reference method, for determining the leakage of filter elements. It is applicable to filters ranging from classes ISO 35 H to ISO 75 U. ISO 29463-4:2011 also describes the other normative methods: the oil thread leak test and the photometer leak test, applicable to classes ISO 35 H to ISO 45 H HEPA filters, and the leak test with solid PSL aerosol. ISO 29463-4:2011 is intended for use in conjunction with ISO 29463-1, ISO 29463-2, ISO 29463-3 and ISO 29463-5.
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ISO 29463-3:2011 specifies the test procedure for testing the efficiency of flat sheet filter media. It is intended for use in conjunction with ISO 29463-1, ISO 29463-2, ISO 29463-4 and ISO 29463-5.
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ISO 29463-2:2011 specifies the aerosol production and measuring equipment used for testing high-efficiency filters and filter media in accordance with ISO 29463-3, ISO 29463-4 and ISO 29463-5, as well as the statistical basis for particle counting with a small number of counted events. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 29463-1, ISO 29463-3, ISO 29463-4 and ISO 29463-5.
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This Technical Specification gives requirements for the certification of PEMS software and for the performance and quality assurance for a PEMS to prove suitability for its measuring task and to ensure that the PEMS continues to perform within the specified performance during operation of the PEMS.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The results obtained by this test method can be used in combination with other test methods for the selection of a lining for surfaces in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems that will be exposed to hot unscrubbed flue gas or to scrubbed gas that has been reheated well above the water dew point.
3.1.1 This test method does not evaluate or correlate to areas within the scrubber or scrubbed gas streams at temperatures at or below the water dew point.
3.2 This test method is intended to evaluate the combined effects of heat and exposure to sulfuric acid upon a lining system as applied to a carbon steel substrate. It does not produce the thermal gradient through the lining that may exist in actual applications. Actual lining performance may also be affected by concurrent physical or mechanical effects and other chemicals that may be present in the flue gas.
3.3 This test method evaluates major failure modes of linings applied to square test panels that are cycled from room temperature to a designated elevated temperature.
3.4 The recommended test temperatures of 200°F (93°C) and 350°F (177°C) are based on typical maximum operating zone temperatures in flue gas desulfurizations systems. Other temperatures may be evaluated as desired. Cycling to lower temperatures, including freezing, may be considered if applicable.
3.5 The standard acid concentration for all tests is 20 %, recognizing that the concentration will quickly rise to the equilibrium at the selected test temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the sulfuric acid resistance at elevated temperatures of polymer linings applied to carbon steel substrates subject to sulfuric acid attack.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide may be used to identify instruments and methods for measuring air quality in aircraft cabins. Such measurements may be undertaken to:
5.1.1 Conduct monitoring surveys to characterize the aircraft cabin environment and to assess environmental conditions. Results of such measurements could then be compared with relevant standards or guidelines for assessment of health and comfort of passengers and flight attendants.
5.1.2 Investigate passenger and flight attendant complaints; or
5.1.3 Measure and compare the performance of new materials and systems for the aircraft cabin environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers information and guidance for the selection of instrumentation and test methods for measuring air quality in aircraft passenger cabins as well as in areas limited to flightcrew access.
1.2 This guide assumes that a list of pollutants to be measured, or analytes of interest, which are present, or may be present, in aircraft cabins is available.
1.3 This guide provides information and guidance to identify levels of concern pertaining to public and occupational exposures to relevant air pollutants. This guide does not address levels of concern, if any, related to degradation of materials or aircraft components because of the presence of air pollutants.
1.4 Based on levels of concern for public and occupational exposures for each pollutant of interest, this guide provides recommendations for developing three aspects of data quality objectives (a) detection limit; (b) precision; and (c) bias.
1.5 This guide summarizes information on technologies for measurement of different groups or classes of air pollutants to provide a basis for selection of instruments and methods. The guide also identifies information resources on types of available measurement systems.
1.6 This guide provides general recommendations for selection of instruments and methods. These recommendations are based on concepts associated with data quality objectives discussed in this guide and the information on available instruments and methods summarized in this guide.
1.7 This guide is specific to chemical contaminants and does not address bioaerosols, which may be present in the cabin environment.
1.8 This guide does not provide details on use or operation of instruments or methods for the measurement of cabin air quality.
1.9 This guide does not provide information on the design of a monitoring strategy, including issues such as frequency of measurement or placement of samplers.
1.10 Users of this guide should be familiar with, or have access to, individuals who have a background in (a) use of instruments and methods for measurement of air pollutants and (b) principles of toxicology and health-effects of environmental exposure to air pollutants.
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.13 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Guide12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Diffusive samplers provide a useful sampling option for studying time-weighted average indoor air concentrations of vapor-phase pollutants. They are easy and cost-effective to deploy enabling the collection of relatively large data sets.
5.2 The objective of this guide is to provide guidance for the placement and use of diffusive samplers that when uniformly applied enables the user to eliminate many potential interferences that may occur in diffusive sampling of indoor air. Since the analysis of the indoor environment by diffusive sampling is influenced by many factors other than the method of sampling, efforts are made to minimize interfering factors and maintain the air at conditions typical of the measurement location within the vicinity of the diffusive sampler. However, when performing certain diagnostic or special measurements, non-typical indoor air environmental conditions may be desirable or required. Thus, the objectives of a sampling study determine the conditions needed for sampling.
5.3 Diffusive sampling provides for time integrated measurements. Diffusive samplers are usually placed in an indoor environment over a time period to obtain a time weighted average concentration; hence, interfering factors potentially occurring over this period should be anticipated and eliminated where possible. Diffusive samplers often lack the sensitivity to measure short-term peak concentrations.
5.4 With suitable instruction regarding placement of diffusive samplers, placement, and retrieval of the samplers can be performed by unskilled personnel (for example, occupants).
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the placement and use of diffusive samplers in an indoor environment.
1.2 The primary use of diffusive samplers is to measure the exposure concentrations of specific gaseous air contaminants for occupants in a variety of indoor environments.
1.3 Diffusive samplers within this guide are used to measure concentrations of air contaminants in residences, public buildings, offices, and other non-industrial environments. A diffusive sampler is any air sampler that does not utilize electrical or mechanical power in order to supply air to the sorbent media or chemical reactant within the sampler and that samples according to Fick’s first law of diffusion.
1.4 The purpose of this guide is to ensure uniformity of sampling within a variety of indoor environments and to facilitate comparison of results.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This European Standard specifies safety requirements and test methods for avalanche airbag systems to reduce the risk of being buried by a snow avalanche.
This European Standard does not consider personal protection against impact or cold temperature.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The measurement of particulate matter and collected residue emission rates is an important test method widely used in the practice of air pollution control. Particulate matter measurements after control devices are necessary to determine total emission rates into the atmosphere.
5.1.1 These measurements, when approved by national, state, provincial, or other regional agencies, are often required for the purpose of determining compliance with regulations and statutes.
5.1.2 The measurements made before and after control devices are often necessary to demonstrate conformance with regulatory or contractual performance specifications.
5.2 The collected residue obtained with this test method is also important in characterizing stack emissions. However, the utility of these data is limited unless a chemical analysis of the collected residue is performed.
5.3 These measurements also can be used to calibrate continuous particulate emission monitoring systems by correlating the output of the monitoring instruments with the data obtained by using this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers a method for the measurement of particulate matter (dust) concentration in emission gases in the concentrations below 20 mg/m3 standard conditions, with special emphasis around 5 mg/m3.
1.2 To meet the requirements of this test method, the particulate sample is weighed to a specified level of accuracy. At low dust concentrations, this is achieved by:
1.2.1 Precise and repeatable weighing procedures,
1.2.2 Using low tare weight weighing dishes,
1.2.3 Extending the sampling time at conventional sampling rates, or
1.2.4 Sampling at higher rates at conventional sampling times (high-volume sampling).
1.3 This test method differs from Test Method D3685/D3685M by requiring the mass measurement of filter blanks, specifying weighing procedures, and requiring monitoring of the flue gas flow variability over the testing period. It requires that the particulate matter collected on the sample filter have a mass at least five times a positive mass difference on the filter blank. High volume sampling techniques or an extension of the sampling time may be employed to satisfy this requirement. This test method has tightened requirements on sampling temperature fluctuations and isokinetic sampling deviation. This test method has eliminated the in-stack filtration technique.
1.4 This test method may be used for calibration of automated monitoring systems (AMS). If the emission gas contains unstable, reactive, or semi-volatile substances, the measurement will depend on the filtration temperature.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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ISO 16641:2014 covers integrated measurement techniques for radon-220 with passive sampling only. It provides information on measuring the average activity concentration of radon-220 in the air, based on easy-to-use and low-cost passive sampling, and the conditions of use for the measuring devices.
ISO 16641:2014 covers samples taken without interruption over periods varying from a few months to one year.
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ISO 11665-7:2012 gives guidelines for estimating the radon-222 surface exhalation rate over a short period (a few hours), at a given place, at the interface of the medium (soil, rock, laid building material, walls, etc.) and the atmosphere. This estimation is based on measuring the radon activity concentration emanating from the surface under investigation and accumulated in a container of a known volume for a known duration.
This method is estimative only, as it is difficult to quantify the influence of many parameters in environmental conditions. ISO 11665-7:2012 is particularly applicable, however, in case of an investigation, a search for sources or a comparative study of exhalation rates at the same site. ISO 11665-7:2012 does not cover calibration conditions for the rate estimation devices.
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ISO 10121-1:2014 aims to provide an objective laboratory test method, a suggested apparatus, normative test sections and normative tests for evaluation of three different solid gas-phase air cleaning media (GPACM) or GPACM configurations for use in gas-phase air cleaning devices intended for general filtration applications. ISO 10121-1:2014 is specifically intended for challenge testing and not for general material evaluation or pore system characterization. The three different types of GPACM identified in ISO 10121-1:2014 are GPACM-LF (particles of different shape and size intended for e.g. Loose Fill applications), GPACM-FL (FLat sheet fabric intended for e.g. flat one layer, pleated or bag type devices) and GPACM-TS (three dimensional structures that are many times thicker than flat sheet and e.g. used as finished elements in a device). The tests are conducted in an air stream and the GPACM configurations are challenged with test gases under steady-state conditions. Since elevated gas challenge concentrations (relative to general ventilation applications) are used, test data should be used to compare GPACM within the same configuration and not for the purpose of predicting performance in a real situation. It is also not implied that different GPACM configurations can be directly compared. The primary intention is to be able to compare like GPACM configurations to like, not between GPACM configurations. Testing of complete devices is described in ISO 10121‑2.
To ensure objectivity for test equipment suppliers, no specific design of the test apparatus is defined: an example is illustrated in an annex. Instead normative demands for media sample holder design, apparatus properties and validation tests are specified.
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This European Standard gives guidance and specifies procedures and instruments for the measurement of relative humidity (RH) in air, in outdoor or indoor environments. It indicates how RH can be directly measured or how it can be calculated from air temperature, wet-bulb temperature and dew-point temperature. This standard contains recommendations for accurate measurements of ambient conditions and moisture exchanges between air and cultural heritage objects. It is addressed to anyone in charge of environmental diagnosis, conservation or maintenance of buildings, collections or single objects.
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This part of ISO 28902 mainly specifies the requirements in order to perform visual range lidar measurements for the determination of direction-dependent meteorological optical range (MOR). The term "visual-range lidar" is used in this part of ISO 28902 to apply to the lidar systems making visual-range measurements, commonly referred to as "visibility measurements". Due to physical approximations, quantitative determination is limited to a meteorological optical range of between 30 m and 2 000 m. For this range, this part of ISO 28902 specifies the performance of visual-range lidar systems utilizing the method of range‑integrated visual-range measurements based on light extinction. The following parameters can be calculated based on the directiondependent meteorological optical range: a) horizontal visual range; b) vertical visual range; c) slant visual range. NOTE The measures for visibility are strongly related to the historical definitions of visibility, which are related to human observers. The lidar technique extends the definitions to various conditions, such as daylight and night-time conditions. In addition, this measurement principle enables the user to retrieve information on cloud base height, boundary layer depth, fog banks and aerosol profiles due to the signal attenuation by water vapour and/or aerosols. Examples of these applications are given in Annex C. This part of ISO 28902 can be applied in the following areas: - meteorological stations; - airports; - harbours; - waterways; - roads and motorways; - automotive; - oil platforms.
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ISO 10121-1:2014 aims to provide an objective laboratory test method, a suggested apparatus, normative test sections and normative tests for evaluation of three different solid gas-phase air cleaning media (GPACM) or GPACM configurations for use in gas-phase air cleaning devices intended for general filtration applications. ISO 10121-1:2014 is specifically intended for challenge testing and not for general material evaluation or pore system characterization. The three different types of GPACM identified in ISO 10121-1:2014 are GPACM-LF (particles of different shape and size intended for e.g. Loose Fill applications), GPACM-FL (FLat sheet fabric intended for e.g. flat one layer, pleated or bag type devices) and GPACM-TS (three dimensional structures that are many times thicker than flat sheet and e.g. used as finished elements in a device). The tests are conducted in an air stream and the GPACM configurations are challenged with test gases under steady-state conditions. Since elevated gas challenge concentrations (relative to general ventilation applications) are used, test data should be used to compare GPACM within the same configuration and not for the purpose of predicting performance in a real situation. It is also not implied that different GPACM configurations can be directly compared. The primary intention is to be able to compare like GPACM configurations to like, not between GPACM configurations. Testing of complete devices is described in ISO 10121‑2.
To ensure objectivity for test equipment suppliers, no specific design of the test apparatus is defined: an example is illustrated in an annex. Instead normative demands for media sample holder design, apparatus properties and validation tests are specified.
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This document specifies the general performance criteria and test procedures for the performance test of portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS) used for periodic measurements of stationary source emissions. It applies to the performance test of P-AMS based on measurement techniques specified by the standard reference method (SRM) or an alternative method (AM).
The performance test is based on the general performance criteria and test procedures specified in this document and on the specific requirements specified for the SRM or AM. This includes testing of the applicability and correct implementation of the QA/QC procedures specified for the SRM or AM.
This document supports the requirements of particular EU Directives.
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