SIST EN 17423:2021
(Main)Energy performance of buildings - Determination and reporting of Primary Energy Factors (PEF) and CO2 emission coefficient - General Principles, Module M1-7
Energy performance of buildings - Determination and reporting of Primary Energy Factors (PEF) and CO2 emission coefficient - General Principles, Module M1-7
This document provides a transparent framework for reporting on the choices related to the procedure
to determine primary energy factors (PEFs) and CO2 emission coefficients for energy delivered to and
exported from the buildings as described in EN ISO 52000-1.
This document specifies the choices to be made to calculate the PEF(s) and CO2 emission coefficients
related to different energy carriers. PEFs and CO2 emission coefficients for exported energy can be
different from those chosen for delivered energy.
This document is primarily intended for supporting and complementing EN ISO 52000-1, as the latter
requires values for the PEFs and CO2 emission coefficients to complete the EPB calculation. But it can also
be used for other applications.
NOTE The CO2 emission coefficients allow calculating greenhouse gas emissions. According to the choices
made, the CO2 emission coefficients represent only CO2 emissions or also other greenhouse gases.
Table 1 shows the position (marked by “X”) of this document within the modular structure as set out in
EN ISO 52000-1.
The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and
one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed
method respectively.
Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Bestimmung und Berichterstattung von Primärenergiefaktoren (PEF) und CO2-Emissionsfaktoren
Dieses Dokument bietet einen transparenten Rahmen für die Berichterstattung zu Entscheidungen, die mit dem Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Primärenergiefaktoren (PEFs) und CO2-Emissionskoeffizienten für Gebäuden zugeführte und aus ihnen abgeführte Energie, wie in EN ISO 52000 1 beschrieben, zusammen¬hängen.
In diesem Dokument werden die Entscheidungen dargelegt, die in Bezug auf die Berechnung von PEF(s) und CO2-Emissionskoeffizienten, die mit verschiedenen Energieträgern zusammenhängen, zu treffen sind. PEFs und CO2-Emissionskoeffizienten für abgeführte Energie können sich von jenen, die für zugeführte Energie ausgewählt wurden, unterscheiden.
Dieses Dokument ist hauptsächlich zur Unterstützung und Ergänzung von EN ISO 52000 1 vorgesehen, da Letztere Werte für die PEFs und CO2-Emissionskoeffizienten zur Durchführung der EPB-Berechnung erfordert. Es kann auch für andere Anwendungen genutzt werden.
ANMERKUNG Die CO2-Emissionskoeffizienten ermöglichen die Berechnung von Treibhausgasemissionen. Die CO2 Emissionskoeffizienten stellen entsprechend den getroffenen Entscheidungen nur CO2-Emissionen oder auch andere Treibhausgase dar.
Tabelle 1 zeigt die Position (durch ein „X“ gekennzeichnet) dieses Dokuments innerhalb der modularen Struktur wie in EN ISO 52000 1 dargestellt an.
Die Module repräsentieren EPB Normen, auch wenn eine EPB Norm mehr als ein Modul abdecken kann und ein Modul von mehr als einer EPB Norm abgedeckt werden kann, zum Beispiel jeweils ein vereinfachtes und ein detailliertes Verfahren.
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Détermination et déclaration des facteurs d’énergie primaire (PEF) et du coefficient d’émission de CO2 - Principes généraux, Module M1-7
Le présent document offre un cadre transparent pour déclarer les choix de mode opératoire visant à déterminer les facteurs d’énergie primaire ainsi que les coefficients d’émission de CO2 de l’énergie livrée aux bâtiments et de l’énergie exportée par le bâtiment, tel que décrit dans l’EN ISO 52000-1.
Le présent document spécifie les choix à effectuer afin de calculer les PEF et les coefficients d’émission de CO2 relatifs à différents vecteurs énergétiques. Les PEF et les coefficients d’émission de CO2 de l’énergie exportée par le bâtiment peuvent différer de ceux choisis pour l’énergie livrée au bâtiment.
Le présent document est essentiellement une norme complémentaire à l’EN ISO 52000-1, car cette dernière exige que les valeurs de PEF et de coefficients d’émission de CO2 viennent compléter le calcul PEB. Elle peut cependant être utilisée pour d’autres applications.
NOTE Les coefficients d’émission de CO2 permettent de calculer les émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Selon les choix effectués, les coefficients d’émission de CO2 ne représentent que les émissions de CO2 ou également d’autres gaz à effet de serre.
Le Tableau 1 montre la position (marquée par un « X ») du présent document au sein de la structure modulaire définie par l’EN ISO 52000-1.
Les modules représentent les normes PEB. Une norme PEB peut toutefois couvrir plusieurs modules et un module peut toutefois être couvert par plusieurs normes PEB (par exemple, par une méthode simplifiée et par une méthode détaillée respectivement).
Energijske lastnosti stavb - Določanje in poročanje o faktorjih primarne energije (PEF) in emisijskem koeficientu CO2 - Splošna načela - Modul M1-7
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 17423:2021
01-januar-2021
Energijske lastnosti stavb - Določanje in poročanje o faktorjih primarne energije
(PEF) in emisijskem koeficientu CO2 - Splošna načela - Modul M1-7
Energy performance of buildings - Determination and reporting of Primary Energy
Factors (PEF) and CO2 emission coefficient - General Principles, Module M1-7
Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Bestimmung und Berichterstattung von
Primärenergiefaktoren (PEF) und CO2-Emissionsfaktoren
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Détermination et déclaration des facteurs
d’énergie primaire (PEF) et du coefficient d’émission de CO2 - Principes généraux,
Module M1-7
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17423:2020
ICS:
13.040.01 Kakovost zraka na splošno Air quality in general
91.120.10 Toplotna izolacija stavb Thermal insulation of
buildings
SIST EN 17423:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.040.01; 91.120.10
English Version
Energy performance of buildings - Determination and
reporting of Primary Energy Factors (PEF) and CO2
emission coefficient - General Principles, Module M1-7
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Bestimmung und
Détermination et déclaration des facteurs d'énergie Berichterstattung von Primärenergiefaktoren (PEF)
primaire (PEF) et du coefficient d'émission de CO2 - und CO2-Emissionsfaktoren
Principes généraux, Module M1-7
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 October 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17423:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Symbols, subscripts and abbreviations. 10
4.1 Symbols . 10
4.2 Subscripts . 11
4.3 Abbreviations . 11
5 General description of the methods and choices . 12
5.1 Basic principles of the assessment methods . 12
5.2 Short description of the choices . 18
6 Set of different choices related to PEF and CO emission coefficient . 19
2
6.1 Choices related to the perimeter — Geographical perimeter . 19
6.2 Choices related to calculation conventions . 19
6.3 Choices related to the data . 20
6.4 Choices related to the assessment methodologies . 23
Annex A (normative) Template for reporting the choices . 28
Annex B (informative) Examples of assessment boundaries . 30
Annex C (informative) Additional explanation and reporting . 32
Bibliography . 45
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 17423:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 371 “Energy
Performance of Buildings project group”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by May 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
Introduction
This document belongs to a series of standards aiming at international harmonization of the methodology
for the assessment of the energy performance of buildings.
For the correct use of this document, a normative template is given in Annex A to report the choices.
The target group of this document are all the users of the set of standards related to the assessment of
the energy performance of buildings and especially national standardization experts or building
authorities who are in charge of defining the PEFs and CO emission coefficients.
2
In view of the complexity of the issue, the need for contextual knowledge and practicality of use, it is
useful to mention necessary comments and explanations directly in the standard, and not to prepare a
separate CEN/TR (Technical Report). For the same reasons, parts taken from other standards are
appropriate to have in this document.
The document can be applied for different time intervals (annual, monthly, hourly).
This document is a new standard.
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
1 Scope
This document provides a transparent framework for reporting on the choices related to the procedure
to determine primary energy factors (PEFs) and CO emission coefficients for energy delivered to and
2
exported from the buildings as described in EN ISO 52000-1.
This document specifies the choices to be made to calculate the PEF(s) and CO emission coefficients
2
related to different energy carriers. PEFs and CO emission coefficients for exported energy can be
2
different from those chosen for delivered energy.
This document is primarily intended for supporting and complementing EN ISO 52000-1, as the latter
requires values for the PEFs and CO emission coefficients to complete the EPB calculation. But it can also
2
be used for other applications.
NOTE The CO emission coefficients allow calculating greenhouse gas emissions. According to the choices
2
made, the CO emission coefficients represent only CO emissions or also other greenhouse gases.
2 2
Table 1 shows the position (marked by “X”) of this document within the modular structure as set out in
EN ISO 52000-1.
The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and
one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed
method respectively.
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
Table 1 — Position of this document (M1–7), within the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1
Building
Overarching Technical Building Systems
(as such)
Domestic Building
PV,
Submodule Descriptions Descriptions Descriptions Heating Cooling Ventilation Humidification Dehumidification Hot Lighting automation
wind,.
water and control
sub1 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11
1 General General General
Common
terms and
Building
definitions;
2 Energy Needs
symbols,
Needs
units and
subscripts
(Free) Indoor
Maximum
Conditions
3 Applications Load and
without
Power
Systems
Ways to Ways to Ways to
Express Express Express
4
Energy Energy Energy
Performance Performance Performance
Building
Heat
categories Emission and
5 Transfer by
and Building control
Transmission
Boundaries
Building Heat
Occupancy Transfer by
Distribution
6 and Infiltration
and control
Operating and
Conditions Ventilation
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
Building
Overarching Technical Building Systems
(as such)
Domestic Building
PV,
Submodule Descriptions Descriptions Descriptions Heating Cooling Ventilation Humidification Dehumidification Hot Lighting automation
wind,.
water and control
sub1 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11
Aggregation
of Energy
Internal Heat Storage and
7 Services and X
Gains control
Energy
Carriers
Building Solar Heat Generation
8
zoning Gains and control
Load
Building
Calculated dispatching
Dynamics
9 Energy and
(thermal
Performance operating
mass)
conditions
Measured Measured Measured
10 Energy Energy Energy
Performance Performance Performance
11 Inspection Inspection Inspection
Ways to
Express
12 BMS
Indoor
Comfort
External
13 Environment
Conditions
Economic
14
Calculation
The shaded modules are not applicable.
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 15316-4-5, Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and
system efficiencies - Part 4-5: District heating and cooling, Module M3-8-5, M4-8-5, M8-8-5, M11-8-5
EN ISO 7345, Thermal performance of buildings and building components - Physical quantities and
definitions (ISO 7345)
EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings - Overarching EPB assessment - Part 1: General
framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345, EN ISO 52000-1 and
the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
primary energy
energy that has not been subjected to any conversion or transformation process
Note 1 to entry: Primary energy may be related to non-renewable energy and renewable energy. If both are taken
into account, it is called “total primary energy”.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 3.4.29, modified note – “includes” is replaced by “may be related to”]
3.2
energy carrier
substance or phenomenon that can be used to produce mechanical work, electricity or thermal energy or
to operate chemical or physical processes
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 3.4.9, modified – “or heat” has been replaced by “electricity or thermal
energy”.]
3.3
primary energy factor
ratio of the primary energy to the energy delivered to or exported from the assessment boundary
Note 1 to entry: primary energy factor can refer to the total primary energy or to the renewable, or non-renewable
primary energy. To be more precise it should be specified (e.g. non-renewable primary energy factor).
3.3.1
non-renewable primary energy factor for delivered energy carrier
non-renewable primary energy for a given energy carrier, including the delivered energy and the
considered non-renewable energy overheads of delivery to the points of use, divided by the delivered
energy
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 3.5.17 modified – the term is completed by “for delivered energy
carrier” and in the definition “non-renewable” is added before “energy overhead”]
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
3.3.2
non-renewable primary energy factor for exported energy carrier
non-renewable primary energy for a given energy carrier, including the exported energy and the
considered non-renewable energy overheads of producing and exporting to the collection points, divided
by the exported energy
3.3.3
renewable primary energy factor for delivered energy carrier
renewable primary energy for a given energy carrier, including the delivered energy and the considered
renewable energy overheads of delivery to the points of use, divided by the delivered energy
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 3.5.21, modified – the term is completed by “for delivered energy
carrier” and in the definition for “an energy carrier” the words “distant or nearby” have been deleted.]
3.3.4
renewable primary energy factor for exported energy carrier
renewable primary energy for a given energy carrier including the exported energy and the considered
renewable energy overheads of producing and exporting to the collection points, divided by the exported
energy
3.3.5
total primary energy factor
sum of non-renewable and renewable PEFs for a given energy carrier
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 3.5.25]
3.4
CO emission coefficient
2
coefficient that describes the amount of CO that is released from doing a certain activity
2
EXAMPLE Burning one tonne of fuel in a furnace is an example of application.
Note 1 to entry: The CO emission coefficient can also include the equivalent emissions of other greenhouse gases
2
(e.g. methane). To be more precise it should be specified by adding “equivalent” (e.g. CO eq).
2
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 3.5.4, modified – The original note 1 and note 2 have been deleted. In
note 3 the second sentence has been added.]
3.5
assessment boundary
boundary where the delivered and exported energy carriers are measured or calculated
Note 1 to entry: The term “building” in this document is used to mean “whatever is inside the assessment boundary”.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 3.4.2, modified – “energy” has been replaced by “energy carriers”. Note
1 has been added]
3.6
energy flow
quantity of energy going from the energy source to the energy use
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
3.7
greenhouse gas
gas, that absorbs and emits radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of infrared radiation
emitted by the earth's surface, the atmosphere, and clouds
Note 1 to entry: Greenhouse gas may have natural and anthropogenic origins.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14067:2018, 3.1.2.1, modified – “gaseous constituent of the atmosphere” is simplified
into “gas”. The notes have been deleted, because they are not of interest for the application of the term
here Note 1 used to be part of the definition.]
3.8
biogenic carbon
carbon derived from biomass
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14067:2018, 3.1.7.2]
3.9
fossil carbon
carbon that is contained in fossilized material
Note 1 to entry: Examples of fossilized material are coal, oil, natural gas and peat.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14067:2018, 3.1.7.3]
4 Symbols, subscripts and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017]
For the purposes of this document, the symbols listed in Table 2 apply.
The following text includes symbols that are not used in this document, but that are needed for overall
consistency in the set of EPB standards.
Table 2 — Symbols and units
Symbol Quantity Unit
a
c coefficient
various
b
E kW·h
energy in general
a
f factor (e.g. primary energy factor, …)
–
H calorific value, net or gross (NCV or GCV), kW∙h/kg
K CO emission coefficient kg/(kW∙h)
2
Q quantity of heat kW∙h
a
η efficiency (factor)
–
a
ɛ expenditure factor
–
a
Coefficients have dimensions; factors are dimensionless.
b
Including primary energy; note that for heat the symbol Q and for auxiliary energy and work the symbol W is
used.
10
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
4.2 Subscripts
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017]
For the purposes of this document, the subscripts listed in Table 3 apply.
The following text includes subscripts that are not used in this document, but that are needed for overall
consistency in the set of EPB standards.
Table 3 — Subscripts
Subscript Term Subscript Term
CO CO emission nren non-renewable
2 2
cr energy carrier ntdel net delivered
del delivered P primary energy
dis distribution Pnren non-renewable primary energy
el electricity pr produced
exp exported pv solar electricity (photovoltaic)
gen generation ren renewable energy
i, j, k indexes tot total
in input we weighting
ls losses
4.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the abbreviations listed in Table 4 apply.
Table 4 — Abbreviations
Abbreviation Term
CHP Combined Heat and Power
EPB Energy Performance of
Buildings
GHG Green House Gases
GWP Global Warming Potential
LCA Live Cycle Analysis
PEF Primary Energy Factor
PV Photovoltaic
11
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
5 General description of the methods and choices
5.1 Basic principles of the assessment methods
5.1.1 Primary Energy Factors (PEF)
5.1.1.1 The three fundamental types of PEF
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, H.3, modified – More explanation has been added, the order of clauses
has been changed.]
For each delivered or exported energy carrier, there are three PEFs (see Figure 1), related to different
energy contents of the energy carrier, to be assessed:
a) Non-renewable PEF (f )
P;nren
The primary energy taken into account in the non-renewable PEF covers only non-renewable energy
flows (possibly including also the non-renewable energy overheads of delivery to the point of use,
according to the LCA method, see 6.4.4) required to deliver one unit of energy of the related energy
carrier to the building. Therefore, the non-renewable PEF can be less than one if the unit of energy
contains also renewable energy. It covers the whole non-renewable primary energies consumption,
including those consumed by exploitation of the renewable sources when applicable.
b) Renewable PEF (f )
P;ren
The primary energy taken into account in the definition of renewable PEF covers only renewable
energy flows (possibly including also the renewable energy overheads of delivery to the point of use,
according to the LCA method, see 6.4.4) required to deliver one unit of energy to the building per
energy carrier. It covers all renewable primary energy including those consumed for the exploitation
of the non-renewable sources (e.g. renewable energy used to produce electricity to drive an electric
pump for pumping oil through a pipeline).
c) Total PEF (f )
P;tot
The total PEF is the sum of the non-renewable and renewable PEF.
12
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
5.1.1.2 PEF for delivered and exported energy
In line with EN ISO 52000-1, this document defines the PEF for delivered energy to the building through
the assessment boundary and the energy produced “on-site” and exported through the assessment
boundary.
— PEF for a delivered energy carrier cr
The PEF, f , for a delivered energy carrier cr from on-site, nearby or distant is defined as:
del
Σ E
jjwe;del,
(1)
f =
we;del;cr
E
del;cr
where
E is delivered energy, in kWh;
we;del
cr is the subscript representing the type of the energy carrier;
we is the subscript representing sequentially total, non-renewable or renewable
attribute;
j is the subscript accounting for different energy sources of same type we, which
concurs to produce the energy carrier.
Key
A energy source 4 non-renewable infrastructure related energy (see also 6.4.4)
B upstream chain of energy supply 5 renewable infrastructure related energy (see also 6.4.4)
C inside the assessment boundary 6 non-renewable energy to extract, refine, convert and transport
1 total primary energy 7 renewable energy to extract, refine, convert and transport
2 non-renewable primary energy 8 delivered non-renewable energy
3 renewable primary energy 9 delivered renewable energy
Figure 1 — PEFs for a two source (one non-renewable, the other renewable) energy carrier
13
---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
— PEF for an exported energy carrier cr
Energy that is produced on-site can be exported. In this case, EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 9.6.6 allows for
either a PEF representing the resources avoided by the external grid or a PEF representing the
resources used for producing the energy.
5.1.1.3 Gross and Net calorific value
The PEF can be expressed based on gross or net calorific values.
5.1.1.4 In-use phase or Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)
The PEF may focus only on the in-use phase or take into account also the embedded energy used (LCA,
see 6.4.4) for example to manufacture wind turbines.
5.1.2 CO emission coefficient
2
LCA approach is used in EN 15978 (Sustainability of construction works – Assessment of environmental
performance of buildings – Calculation method) for the assessment of environmental impacts of buildings
(including climate change) during life cycle of buildings (including operational energy use of buildings).
In EN 15978 and EN 15804 the LCA approach with GWP calculation rules have been aligned with
EN ISO 14067 (Carbon Footprint of Products) and the European Commission Product Environmental
Footprint (PEF) calculation rules applying the GWP100 characterisation factors for the GWP calculations.
It is important that approaches in standards (and in regulations) are aligned in the construction sector,
when they both are using the LCA approach for CO emissions (GWP) in order to direct the performance
2
of buildings into the same direction, i.e. to mitigate climate change.
This document does not provide any GWP calculation rules but offers a standard template that helps
reporting the main methodological choices.
The CO emission coefficient can also include the equivalent emission of other greenhouse gases (e.g.
2
methane, N O, etc.). To be more precise, it should be specified by adding “equivalent” (e.g. CO eq).
2 2
The emission factors shall be coherent with the choice of referring to gross or net calorific value.
In line with EN ISO 52000-1, in this document the CO emission coefficients are applied to the energy
2
delivered to the building or exported through the assessment boundary.
For the energy produced on-site and which can be exported, EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 9.6.6 allows for either
a CO emission coefficient representing the resources avoided by the external grid or a CO emission
2 2
coefficient representing the resources used for producing the energy. Subclause 6.3.4 defines both
options.
CO emission coefficient for an exported energy carrier cr
2
Energy that is produced on-site can be exported. As for PEF calculation, ISO 52000-1 allows for either a
CO emission coefficient representing the resources avoided by the external grid or a CO emission
2 2
coefficient representing the resources used for producing the energy.
14
---------------------- Page: 16 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
5.1.3 Assessment boundary
To start the determination and reporting of PEF and CO emission coefficient the perimeter of the
2
assessment shall be set. It shall be clearly stated where the specific technical energy system ends (e.g.
“inside” – see hereafter) and where the assessment of the PEF and CO emission coefficient starts
2
(“outside” – see hereafter).
The assessment boundary is the boundary where the delivered and exported energy are measured or
calculated to assess the building energy performance. In EN ISO 52000-1, the assessment boundary
delimitates two systems:
— “inside” the assessment boundary where the energy losses and auxiliary energy are taken into
account explicitly as energy amounts. However in EN ISO 52000-1 CO emissions are not explicitly
2
taken into account inside the assessment boundary. Therefore, the CO emissions factors of
2
combustible energy vectors include the CO emissions of a perfect combustion process. The real
2
efficiency is calculated inside the assessment boundary.
— “outside” the assessment boundary where the energy losses and auxiliary energy necessary to
deliver one unit of the energy carrier to the building are taken into account in the PEFs per energy
carrier. The PEF of delivered energy carriers shall only take into account losses and auxiliary related
to the energy carrier. Otherwise the PEF and CO emission coefficient could not be applied in a
2
coherent way to all buildings.
Therefore, the placement of the assessment boundary is important to clearly define what to take into
account in the PEF and the CO emission coefficient. Examples on possible placements of the assessment
2
boundary are provided in Annex B.
NOTE In EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 9.5.1, the assessment boundary is defined as the output of active solar, wind or
water energy systems. By convention, no primary energy losses are counted beyond this boundary for the upstream
energy flow.
5.1.4 Origin of delivered energies
The delivered energies are classified according to the following source perimeters:
— on-site,
— nearby,
— distant.
Refer to EN ISO 52000-1:2017, 9.5.1 for a complete description of the origin of delivered energies.
These perimeters refer to the production site localisation and do not necessarily coincide with the
geographical perimeter.
The concept of on-site, nearby and distant is schematically shown in Figure 2. A similar figure can be
made for the gas grid.
15
---------------------- Page: 17 ----------------------
SIST EN 17423:2021
EN 17423:2020 (E)
Key
a assessment boundary (use energy balance) 1 PV, thermal solar
b perimeter: on-site 2 wind
c perimeter: nearby 3 boiler room
d perimeter: distant 4 heat pump
S1 thermally conditioned space 5 district heating/cooling
S2 space outside thermal envelope 6 substation (low/medium voltage and possible storage)
Figure 2 — Example of a scheme of the concept of assessment boundary and origin of delivered
energy
PEF and CO emission coefficients are defined for each energy flow delivered or exported through the
2
assessment boundary, considering the origin for delivered and the destination for exported energy.
5.1.5 Accounting methods
5.1.5.1 General
The assessment of the PEF and CO emission coefficient for an energy carrier can be done by:
2
— following the reverse energy flow (from th
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
01-september-2019
Energijske lastnosti stavb - Določanje in poročanje o faktorjih primarne energije
(PEF) in emisijskem koeficientu CO2 - Splošna načela, Modul M1-7
Energy performance of buildings - Determination and reporting of Primary Energy
Factors (PEF) and CO2 emission coefficient - General Principles, Module M1-7
Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Bestimmung und Berichterstattung von
Primärenergiefaktoren (PEF) und CO2-Emissionsfaktoren
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 17423
ICS:
13.040.01 Kakovost zraka na splošno Air quality in general
91.120.10 Toplotna izolacija stavb Thermal insulation of
buildings
oSIST prEN 17423:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 17423
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2019
ICS 13.040.01; 91.120.10
English Version
Energy performance of buildings - Determination and
reporting of Primary Energy Factors (PEF) and CO2
emission coefficient - General Principles, Module M1-7
Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Bestimmung und
Berichterstattung von Primärenergiefaktoren (PEF)
und CO2-Emissionsfaktoren
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 371.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 17423:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols, subscripts and abbreviations. 9
4.1 Symbols . 9
4.2 Subscripts . 10
4.3 Abbreviations . 11
5 General description of the methods and choices . 11
5.1 Basic principles of the assessment methods . 11
5.1.1 Primary Energy Factors (PEF) . 11
5.1.2 C0 emission coefficient . 14
2
5.1.3 Assessment boundary . 14
5.1.4 Origin of delivered energies . 14
5.1.5 Accounting methods - General . 16
5.2 Short description of the choices . 18
6 Set of different choices related to PEF and CO emission coefficient . 19
2
6.1 Choices related to the perimeter: Geographical Perimeter . 19
6.2 Choices related to calculation conventions . 20
6.2.1 Time resolution . 20
6.2.2 Sources of the data used . 20
6.2.3 Net or Gross Calorific Value . 20
6.3 Choices related to the input data . 21
6.3.1 Energy sources to be considered (available energy sources) . 21
6.3.2 Type of CO emission coefficients . 21
2
6.3.3 Conventions related to energy conversion . 23
6.3.4 Conventions for PEF related to exported energy . 24
6.4 Choices related to the assessment methodologies . 25
6.4.1 Energy exchanges with other geographical perimeters . 25
6.4.2 Allocation of multi energy input system for a delivered energy carrier. 27
6.4.3 Calculation approaches for multisource generation mix . 28
6.4.4 Allocation of multi energy output system . 29
6.4.5 Life cycle method . 31
Bibliography . 37
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 17423:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 371 “Energy
Performance of Buildings project group”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
Introduction
This document is part of a series of standards aiming at international harmonization of the methodology
for the assessment of the energy performance of buildings (EPB standards).
This document specifies the choices to be made to calculate the PEF(s) and CO emission coefficients
2
related to different energy carriers.
The document can be adapted to different time steps (annual, monthly, hourly) with the scenarios used
for energy use and energy delivered.
For the correct use of this document, a normative template is given in Annex A to specify choices.
The target group of this document are all the users of the set of EPB standards and especially national
standardization experts or building authorities who are in charge of defining the PEFs and CO Emission
2
coefficients.
This document is a new standard.
Information for the public enquiry – to be deleted for the final publication:
In this document, explicative elements of a technical report and requirements related to a standard are
merged for a better understanding of this document.
It has not been decided yet if a separate technical report will be drafted. This will also depend on feedback
from the public enquiry.
Choices related to PEF and CO are also dealt with in other documents (e.g: EN ISO 52000-1,
2
EN 15316-4.5). In the future, all choices are expected to be summarized in one document. Therefore,
chapters of other documents have been copied into this document to make a consistent document and
provide a better understanding.
Annex A (normative) provides a template to report only the main methodological choices that have an
impact on PEF and CO emission coefficient values. No mandatory quantitative reporting of data are
2
requested. These choices are described in Clause 6.
Informative general formulae defining the PEF for different configurations (e.g. one main energy carrier,
multi energy input systems, multi energy output systems, exchanges with other perimeters) have been
added at the end of the extension period. These general formulae do not have an impact on PEF and CO
2
emission factors but contribute to a better understanding. Related informative data reporting tables
show a possible structure of resumed data reporting towards are more common structured quantitaive
reporting.
It has not been decided yet to make the formulae and reporting tables normative.
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
1 Scope
This document provides a transparent framework for reporting on the choices related to the procedure
to determine PEFs and CO Emission coefficients for energy delivered to and/or exported by the
2
buildings as described in EN ISO 52000-1:2017. Exported PEFs and CO Emission coefficients can be
2
different from those chosen for delivered energy.
This document can be considered as a supporting/complementing standard to EN ISO 52000-1, as the
latter requires values for the PEFs and GHG Emissions factors to complete the EPB calculation.
Table 1 shows the relative position of this document within the set of EPB standards in the context of the
modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1.
Table 1 — Position of this standard (M1–7), within the modular structure of the set of EPB
standards
Building
Overarching Technical Building Systems
(as such)
sub1 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11
1 General General General
Common
terms and
definitions; Building
a
2 Needs
symbols, units Energy Needs
and
subscripts
(Free) Indoor
Maximum
Conditions
3 Applications Load and
without
Power
Systems
Ways to
Ways to Ways to
Express
Express Express
4 Energy
Energy Energy
Performanc
Performance Performance
e
Building
Heat Transfer
categories Emission
5 by
and Building and control
Transmission
Boundaries
Building Heat Transfer
Occupancy by Infiltration Distribution
6
and Operating and and control
Conditions Ventilation
Aggregation
Internal Heat Storage and
7 X
of Energy
Gains control
Services and
5
Submodule
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions
Heating
Cooling
Ventilation
Humidifi
cation
Dehumidification
Domestic Hot water
Lighting
Building automation and
control
PV, wind, .
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
Building
Overarching Technical Building Systems
(as such)
sub1 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11
Energy
Carriers
Building Solar Heat Generation
8
zoning Gains and control
Load
Building
Calculated dispatching
Dynamics
9 Energy and
(thermal
Performance operating
mass)
conditions
Measured
Measured Measured
Energy
10 Energy Energy
Performanc
Performance Performance
e
11 Inspection Inspection Inspection
Ways to
Express
12 BMS
Indoor
Comfort
External
13 Environment
Conditions
Economic
14
Calculation
a
The shaded modules are not applicable
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 15316-4-5:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Method for calculation of system energy
requirements and system efficiencies —Part 4-5: District heating and cooling, Module M3-8-5, M4-8-5, M8-
8-5, M11-8-5
EN ISO 7345, Thermal performance of buildings and building components – Physical quantities and
definitions (ISO 7345)
EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB assessment – Part 1: General
framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017)
6
Submodule
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions
Heating
Cooling
Ventilation
Humidifi
cation
Dehumidification
Domestic Hot water
Lighting
Building automation and
control
PV, wind, .
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345, in EN ISO 52000-1,
and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
EPB standard
standard that complies with the requirements given in EN ISO 52000-1, CEN/TS 16628 and
CEN/TS 16629
Note 1 to entry: These three basic EPB documents were developed under a mandate given to CEN by the
European Commission and the European Free Trade Association (Mandate M/480,), and support essential
requirements of EU Directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD). Several EPB standards
and related documents are developed or revised under the same mandate.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017 (3.5.14)]
3.2
primary energy
energy that has not been subjected to any conversion or transformation process
Note 1 to entry: Primary energy includes non-renewable energy and renewable energy. If both are taken into
account, it is called total primary energy.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017 (3.4.29)]
3.3
energy carrier
substance or phenomenon that can be used to produce mechanical work, electricity or thermal energy or
to operate chemical or physical processes
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017 (3.4.9), modified – 'or heat' has been replaced by 'electricity or thermal
energy'.]
3.4
primary energy factor
PEF
ratio of the primary energy to the energy delivered to or exported from the assessment boundary
Note 1 to entry: PEF can refer to the total primary energy or only to the renewable and/or non-renewable
primary energy. To be more precise it should be specified (e.g. PEFnren).
Note 2 to entry: PEFs can differ by year
Note 3 to entry: The term “building” in this document is used to mean “whatever is inside the assessment
boundary”.
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
3.4.1
non-renewable primary energy factor for delivered energy carrier
non-renewable primary energy for a given energy carrier, including the delivered energy and the
considered non-renewable energy overheads of delivery to the points of use, divided by the delivered
energy
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017 (3.5.17)]
3.4.2
non-renewable primary energy factor for exported energy carrier
non-renewable primary energy for a given energy carrier, including the exported energy and the
considered non-renewable energy overheads of producing and exporting to the collection points, divided
by the exported energy
3.4.3
renewable primary energy factor for delivered energy carrier
renewable primary energy for a given energy carrier, including the delivered energy and the considered
energy overheads of delivery to the points of use, divided by the delivered energy
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017 (3.5.21), modified – For an energy carrier the words 'distant or nearby'
have been deleted.]
3.4.4
renewable primary energy factor for exported energy carrier
renewable primary energy for a given energy carrier including the exported energy and the considered
renewable energy overheads of producing and exporting to the collection points, divided by the exported
energy
3.4.5
total primary energy factor
sum of non-renewable and renewable PEFs for a given energy carrier
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017 (3.5.25)]
3.5
CO emission coefficient
2
coefficient that describes the amount of CO that is released from doing a certain activity, such as burning
2
one tonne of fuel in a furnace
Note 1 to entry: CO emission coefficients can differ by year.
2
Note 2 to entry: The C0 emission coefficient can also include the equivalent emissions of other greenhouse gases
2
(e.g. methane). To be more precise it should be specified by adding “equivalent” (e.g. C0 eq).
2
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017 (3.5.4), modified – The original note 1 has been deleted. In note 3 the
second sentence has been added.]
3.6
assessment boundary
boundary where the delivered and exported energy carriers are measured or calculated
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017 (3.4.2), modified – 'energy' has been replaced by 'energy carriers'.]
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
3.7
energy flow
flow of energy by means of carriers in the direction from the energy source to the energy use
3.8
greenhouse gas
GHG
gaseous constituent of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorbs and emits radiation
at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of infrared radiation emitted by the earth’s surface, the
atmosphere, and clouds
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14067:2018 (3.1.2.1), modified – The notes have been deleted, because they are not of
interest for the application of the term here.]
3.9
biogenic carbon
carbon derived from biomass
[SOURCE: EN ISO 14067:2018 (3.1.7.2)]
3.10
fossil carbon
carbon that is contained in fossilized material
Note 1 to entry: Examples of fossilized material are coal, oil and natural gas and peat.[SOURCE:
EN ISO 14067:2018 (3.1.7.3)]
4 Symbols, subscripts and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017]
For the purposes of this standard, the symbols listed in Table 2 apply.
The following text includes symbols that are not used in this document, but that are needed for overall
consistency in the EPB set of standards.
Table 2 — Symbols and units
Symbol Quantity Unit
a
c coefficient
various
b
E kW·h
energy in general
3 c
E energy carrier
kg, m , A, KW h
cr
a
f factor (e.g. primary energy factor, …)
–
H calorific value kW∙h/kg
K CO emission coefficient kg/(kW∙h)
2
m mass (e.g. quantity of CO emissions) kg
2
N number of items (integer only) –
Q quantity of heat (kW∙h)
d
t time, period of time
s
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
Symbol Quantity Unit
W (electrical) auxiliary energy (kW∙h)
X volume fraction %
X, Y any property, system, … –
a
η efficiency (factor)
–
a
Coefficients have dimensions; factors are dimensionless.
b
Including primary energy; note that for heat the symbol Q and for auxiliary energy and work the symbol W is
used.
c
The unit depends on the type of energy carrier.
d
Hours (h) are used as the unit of time instead of seconds when aggregating heat or energy flow (E) to quantity
of heat or energy (kW∙h).
4.2 Subscripts
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017]
For the purposes of this International Standard, the subscripts listed in Table 3 apply.
The following text includes subscripts that are not used in this document, but that are needed for overall
consistency in the EPB set of standards.
Table 3 — Subscripts
Subscript Term Subscript Term
an annual lat latent
aux auxiliary lf liquid fuel
avg time-average ls losses
B building m monthly
bm biomass max maximum
C cooling nren non-renewable
CO CO emission ntdel net delivered
2 2
cr energy carrier oil oil
CW cooling and DHW out output, outlet
day daily P primary energy
dc district cooling per for a period of time
del delivered Pnren non-renewable primary energy
dh district heat pr produced
dis distribution Ptot total primary energy
distant distant pv solar electricity (photovoltaic)
dhum dehumidification (system) ren renewable energy
e external seas seasonal
el electricity sf solid fuel
10
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
Subscript Term Subscript Term
EPus all building services included in the sol solar
energy performance assessment
exp exported sto storage
gas gas sys system
a)
gen generation T
thermal
grid from public network (grid) t calculation interval
h hourly tot total
a)
H heating TOT
total
HC heating and cooling used used in the same calculation
interval
HCW heating, cooling and DHW V ventilation a)
a)
HU humidification W
domestic hot water (DHW)
hum humidification (system) wd wood
HW heating and DHW we weighting
i,j,k indexes wk weekly
in input, inlet X any considered building service
L lighting
4.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the abbreviations listed in Table 4 apply.
Table 4 — Abbreviations
Abbreviation Term
PEF Primary Energy Factor
GHG Green House Gases
GWP Global Warming Potential
5 General description of the methods and choices
5.1 Basic principles of the assessment methods
5.1.1 Primary Energy Factors (PEF)
[SOURCE: EN ISO 52000-1:2017, modified – More explanation has been added, the order of clauses has
been changed.]
For each delivered or exported energy carrier, there are three PEF (see Figure 1), related to different
energy contents of the energy carrier, to be assessed:
11
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
a) Non-renewable PEF (f );
P;nren
The primary energy taken into account in the non-renewable PEF covers only non-renewable energy
flows required to deliver one unit of energy of the related energy carrier to the building. Therefore, the
non-renewable PEF can be less than one if the unit of energy contains also renewable energy. It covers
the whole non-renewable primary energies consumption, including those consumed by exploitation of
the renewable sources when applicable.
b) Renewable PEF (f ).
P;ren
The primary energy taken into account in the definition of renewable PEF covers only renewable energy
flows required to deliver one unit of energy to the building per energy carrier. It covers all renewable
primary energy included those consumed for the exploitation of the non-renewable sources (e.g.
renewable energy used for the production of electricity to drive an electric pump fore pumping oil
through a pipeline).
c) Total PEF (f );
P;tot
The total PEF is the sum of the non-renewable and renewable PEF.
The PEF may focus only on the in-use phase or take into account also the embedded energy used (Live
Cycle Analyses) for example to manufacture wind turbines.
— PEF for a delivered energy carrier x
The PEF for a delivered energy carrier of type x is defined as:
E
p ; y ;del ; j
j
f
(1)
P ; y ;del ;x
E
del ;x
where
x is the subscript representing the type of the energy carrier;
y is the subscript representing in turn total, non-renewable or renewable attribute;
j is the subscript accounting for different energy sources of same type y, which concurs to produce
the energy carrier.
12
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
Key
A energy source 4 non-renewable infrastructure related energy
B upstream chain of energy supply 5 renewable infrastructure related energy
non-renewable energy to extract, refine, convert and
C inside the assessment boundary 6
transport
1 total primary energy 7 renewable energy to extract, refine, convert and transport
2 non-renewable primary energy 8 delivered non-renewable energy
3 renewable primary energy 9 delivered renewable energy
Figure 1 — PEFs for a two source (one non-renewable, the other renewable) energy carrier
— PEF for an exported energy carrier x
The PEF for an exported energy carrier x is defined as (see also EN/ISO 52000-1 Clause 9.6.6):
— the resources used to produce the exported energy. The sum of the primary energy input is divided
by the energy output (see Formula (1))
— the resources avoided by the external grid due to the export of the energy. The PEF of the exported
energy is equal to the PEF of the replaced energy (e.g. the PEF of exported PV electricity is the PEF of
the grid electricity).
The above definition applies only to the exported energy carriers through the building assessment
boundary.
The delivered energy and the related PEF can be expressed based on gross or net calorific values.
Other flows that are not represented in Figure 1 can be taken into account, such as embedded energy that
is described in the life cycle approach.
13
---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 17423:2019
prEN 17423:2019 (E)
5.1.2 C0 emission coefficient
2
The C0 emission coefficient shall be expressed in kg of CO per kWh of the related energy carrier. The
2 2
C0 emission coefficient can also include the equivalent emission of other greenhouse gases (e.g.
2
methane, water vapor). To be more precise, it should be specified by adding “equivalent” (e.g. C0 eq).
2
The emission factors shall be coherent with the choice of referring to gross or net calorific value.
5.1.3 Assessment boundary
To start the determination and reporting of PEF and CO emission coefficient the perimeter of the
2
assessment shall be set. It shall be clearly stated where the specific technical energy system ends (“inside”
– see hereafter) and where the assessment of the PEF starts (“outside” – see hereafter).
The assessment boundary is the boundary where the delivered and exported energy are measured or
calculated to assess the building energy performance. In EN ISO 52000-1, the assessment boundary
delimitates two systems:
— “inside” the assessment boundary where the energy losses and auxiliary energy are taken into
account explicitly as energy amounts. In general, the assessment boundary is related to a building or
a group of buildings and consider all building specific equipment,
NOTE 1 The GHG emissions are not related directly to the transformation process inside (e.g. the gas boiler)
but directly linked to the amount of delivered energy carriers. The CO emissions from it are assigned to the
2
building.
— “outside” the assessment boundary where the energy losses and auxiliary energy necessary to
deliver one unit of the energy carrier to the building are taken into account in the PEFs per energy
carrier. The PEF of delivered energy carriers shall only take into account losses and auxiliary related
to the energy carrier and exclude building specific equipment. Otherwise the PEF and CO emission
2
coefficient could not be applied in a coherent way to all buildings.
Therefore, the placement of the assessment boundary is important to clearly define what to take into
account in the PEF and the CO emission coefficient. Examples on possible placements of the assessment
2
boundary are provided in Annex B.
NOTE 2 In EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Clause 9.5.1, the assessment boundary is defined as the output of solar panels,
solar collectors or electric generation devices. By convention, no primary energy losses are counted beyond this
boundary for the
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.