13.030.99 - Other standards related to wastes
ICS 13.030.99 Details
Other standards related to wastes
Weitere Aspekte des Abfalls
Autres normes relatives aux dechets
Drugi standardi v zvezi z odpadki
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 13.030.99 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Other standards related to wastes". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 149 standards classified under ICS 13.030.99 (Other standards related to wastes). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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The present document specifies methods to measure the ability of the following products to be disassembled:
1) servers;
2) data storage equipment.
The present document covers:
i) The ability to disassemble, with particular regard to assessing that joining, fastening or sealing techniques do not prevent the disassembly for repair or reuse purposes.
ii) The provision of instructions on the disassembly operations, including the type of operation, the type and number of fastening technique(s) to be unlocked and the tool(s) required.
The following products are out of scope of the present document:
• servers intended for embedded applications;
• servers classified as small-scale servers in terms of Regulation (EU) No 617/2013 [i.4];
• servers with more than four processor sockets;
• server appliances;
• large servers;
• fully fault tolerant servers;
• network servers;
• small data storage products;
• large data storage products.
The decision whether a product should be repaired, reused or upgraded, is out of scope. It is dependent on a range of factors including the various environmental aspects and other relevant considerations, such as safety and health, technical requirements for functionality, quality and performance of the server or storage product.
NOTE: See Directive 2009/125/EC [i.1].
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This document specifies a system for waste management and reduction of solid waste in aquaculture. It includes management plans, methods, principles and guidelines. This document is relevant for aquaculture in marine and fresh water bodies. This document does not apply to land-based aquaculture and does not comprise biological waste.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The use of plastics aboard ships is on the rise and the use of the sea as a trash dumping site is no longer a possibility; consequently, the disposal of plastic materials while at sea remains a major issue. It is possible that biodegradable plastics will help to allay public concern by allowing for the safe disposal of plastic materials at sea. This test method has been developed to assess the rate and degree of aerobic biodegradation of plastics exposed to marine microorganisms. Aerobic biodegradation is determined by measuring the amount of biogas (carbon dioxide) produced during such an exposure.
5.2 It is acceptable to use the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradability of a plastic under the conditions of this test method to estimate the persistence of that plastic in biologically active marine environments, for example, seashore and open-ocean. However, it shall be recognized that predicting long-term environmental fate and effects from the results of short-term exposure to a simulated marine environment is difficult. Thus, caution shall be exercised when extrapolating the results obtained from this or any other controlled-environment test to disposal in the natural environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials (including formulation additives) exposed to pre-grown population of at least ten aerobic marine microorganisms of known genera or the indigenous population existing in natural seawater. The test method is conducted under controlled laboratory conditions.
1.2 This test method is designed to index polymer materials that are possibly biodegradable, relative to a positive reference material, in an aerobic environment.
1.3 This test method is applicable to all polymer materials containing at least 20 % carbon that are not inhibitory to the microorganisms present in a marine environment.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document defines the primary space debris mitigation requirements applicable to all elements of unmanned systems launched into, or passing through, near-Earth space, including launch vehicle orbital stages, operating spacecraft and any objects released as part of normal operations.
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This document specifies a laboratory scale test method for determining the degree of disintegration of test items when exposed to well-managed home composting conditions by the weight evaluation method (WE method) using sieving and evaluation by weighing.
The test method is not applicable for the determination of the biodegradability of test items under home composting conditions. Additional testing is necessary for making claims concerning the suitability for home composting. This document is not appropriate for claims relating to the suitability for home composting.
This test method is carried out at laboratory scale under controlled conditions. Therefore, it does not reproduce any real home composting conditions, but it is devised to gain information on the potential of the test item to disintegrate sufficiently. A test item that passes this test is assumed to be capable of undergoing full disintegration in a 12 months home composting cycle carried out under well managed conditions. For features of well-managed home composting see EN 17427:2022, Annex E.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This terminology defines terms and specialized meanings of terms in the subject areas of waste and management of waste.
3.2 This terminology is not intended for subjects other than waste and waste management. For terms applicable to other subject areas, the appropriate terminology standard(s) should be consulted. See the current edition of the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions4 and the list of terminology standards cited therein.
3.3 Standards relating to subcategories of waste or waste management may use terms defined more narrowly than those included here. The more specialized terminology standards relating to the applicable specific subcategory, or terms defined within individual standards, or both, should be consulted for the exact meaning intended within a given standard.
3.4 The Thesaurus on Resource Recovery Terminology (Special Technical Publication (STP) 832)5 contains many terms and may be useful for those not listed in terminology standards. However, a definition in a standard terminology shall be considered governing when the term is used in the sense or meaning defined therein.
3.5 Statistical terms are not defined in this terminology to the extent that the terms, when used regarding waste and management of waste, have the same meanings as in Practice E177 or Terminology E456.
3.6 Regulatory terms are often developed by regulatory agencies for special regulatory purposes and may have technical content or meaning different from terms defined herein. When a regulatory term exists that differs in meaning from a term given here, the regulatory term should be considered to take precedence for regulatory matters.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains standard definitions of terms used in the general area of waste and waste management. It is intended to promote understanding by providing precise technical definitions of terms used in the standards developed by Committee D34 and its subcommittees.
1.2 Terms used only within an individual standard, and having a meaning unique to that standard, may be defined or explained in the terminology section of that individual standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Environmental data are often required for making regulatory and programmatic decisions. Decision makers must determine whether the levels of assurance associated with the data are sufficient in quality for their intended use.
5.2 Data generation efforts involve three parts: development of DQOs and subsequent project plan(s) to meet the DQOs, implementation and oversight of the project plan(s), and assessment of the data quality to determine whether the DQOs were met.
5.3 To determine the level of assurance necessary to support the decision, an iterative process must be used by decision makers, data collectors, and users. This practice emphasizes the iterative nature of the process of DQO development. Objectives may need to be reevaluated and modified as information related to the level of data quality is gained. This means that DQOs are the product of the DQO process and are subject to change as data are gathered and assessed.
5.4 This practice defines the process of developing DQOs. Each step of the planning process is described.
5.5 This practice emphasizes the importance of communication among those involved in developing DQOs, those planning and implementing the sampling and analysis aspects of environmental data generation activities, and those assessing data quality.
5.6 The impacts of a successful DQO process on the project are as follows: (1) a consensus on the nature of the problem and the desired decision shared by all the decision makers, (2) data quality consistent with its intended use, (3) a more resource-efficient sampling and analysis design, (4) a planned approach to data collection and evaluation, (5) quantitative criteria for knowing when to stop sampling, and (6) known measure of risk for making an incorrect decision.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the process of development of data quality objectives (DQOs) for the acquisition of environmental data. Optimization of sampling and analysis design is a part of the DQO process. This practice describes the DQO process in detail. The various strategies for design optimization are too numerous to include in this practice. Many other documents outline alternatives for optimizing sampling and analysis design. Therefore, only an overview of design optimization is included. Some design aspects are included in the practice's examples for illustration purposes.
1.2 DQO development is the first of three parts of data generation activities. The other two aspects are (1) implementation of the sampling and analysis strategies, see Guide D6311; and (2) data quality assessment, see Guide D6233.
1.3 This guide should be used in concert with Practices D5283, D6250, and Guide D6044. Practice D5283 outlines the quality assurance (QA) processes specified during planning and used during implementation. Guide D6044 outlines a process by which a representative sample may be obtained from a population, identifies sources that can affect representativeness, and describes the attributes of a representative sample. Practice D6250 describes how a decision point can be calculated.
1.4 Environmental data related to waste management activities include, but are not limited to, the results from the sampling and analyses of air, soil, water, biota, process or general waste samples, or any combinations thereof.
1.5 The DQO process is a planning process and should be completed prior to sampling and analysis activities.
1.6 This practice presents extensive requirements of management, designed to ensure high-quality environmental data. The words “must” and “shall” (requirements), “should” (recommendation), and “may” (optional), have been selected carefully to reflect the importance placed on many of the statements in this practice. The extent to which all requirements will be met remains a matter of technical judgment.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included ...
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This document specifies a laboratory scale test method for determining the degree of disintegration of test items when exposed to well-managed home composting conditions by the weight evaluation method (WE method) using sieving and evaluation by weighing.
The test method is not applicable for the determination of the biodegradability of test items under home composting conditions. Additional testing is necessary for making claims concerning the suitability for home composting. This document is not appropriate for claims relating to the suitability for home composting.
This test method is carried out at laboratory scale under controlled conditions. Therefore, it does not reproduce any real home composting conditions, but it is devised to gain information on the potential of the test item to disintegrate sufficiently. A test item that passes this test is assumed to be capable of undergoing full disintegration in a 12 months home composting cycle carried out under well managed conditions. For features of well-managed home composting see EN 17427:2022, Annex E.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This standard, used in conjunction with a verification protocol can be used to gain certification for the purposes of the removal of trash and/or debris from stormwater runoff in order to meet regulatory and permit needs.
SCOPE
1.1 The scope of this standard is to provide test criteria for the evaluation of Stormwater Control Measures (SCM), especially Manufactured stormwater Treatment Devices (MTDs), for the removal of trash and/or debris greater than 5 mm in at least two dimensions in a laboratory setting. The use of this standard in conjunction with an appropriate verification program allows for the publication of verified reporting for use in gaining certification by Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs).
1.2 For the purpose of this method, a Trash Capture Device (TCD) is an SCM that has the capacity to capture and retain trash and or debris. This may be the primary objective of the device or it may be a secondary feature of a device designed primarily as a Hydrodynamic Separator (HDS) or a filter for capturing sediment particles. This protocol does not address the sediment removal of such devices.
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard, except for methods to establish and report sediment concentration and particle size. It is convention to exclusively describe sediment concentration in mg/L and particle size in mm or μm, both of which are SI units. The SI units given in parentheses are mathematical conversions, which are provided for information purposes only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than inch-pound units shall not be regarded as non-conformance with this test method.
1.4 Acceptance of test results attained according to this specification may be subject to specific requirements set by a Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP), a specific verification protocol, or AHJ. It is advised to review one or all of the above to ensure compliance
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 There are many reasons to implement a CWM plan. The focus of this guide is development of CWM plans that describe intended waste management methods and preconstruction and construction procedures to facilitate the optimal management of discarded materials.
4.2 A CWM plan includes, but is not limited to, requirements for documentation of the types and amounts of material generated, final disposition of the materials, and supporting evidence or statements as to the disposition (see 3.2.2).
4.3 The users of this guide can include contractors, architects, engineers, building owners or their representatives, consultants, and government agencies, all of whom may have an interest in reducing construction site waste.
4.4 Project teams should ensure they use recycling facilities (see 3.2.3) to recycle materials generated in their construction, deconstruction, or demolition projects.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to facilitate development of a waste management plan for construction, deconstruction, or demolition projects (hereafter, construction waste management (CWM) plan).
1.2 This guide applies to CWM plans developed for construction, renovation, deconstruction, and demolition of buildings, factories, parking structures, and any other structure, as well as above- and below-ground infrastructure.
1.3 This guide includes CWM plan guidance for the wastes generated on-site during construction, deconstruction, and demolition projects.
Note 1: For example, included is any waste generated during these activities such as structural and finish materials and construction chemicals; construction product and materials packaging; construction office waste, including paper documents; wastes from site development work, such as excavated soils, rocks, vegetation, and stumps; and other ancillary items, such as broken tools, safety materials/personal protective equipment, and food and beverages and their packaging. The list of items above is offered for illustration purposes only; it is not intended to be fully inclusive of all materials from a construction, deconstruction, or demolition project that are suitable for reuse, repurposing, manufacturer reclamation, composting, or recycling.
1.4 Waste generated in the manufacture, preparation, or fabrication of materials before delivery to the job site are not in the scope of this guide.
1.5 This guide does not change or substitute for any federal, state, or local statutory or regulatory provisions or requirements including, but not limited to, those related to the handling, control, containment, transport, or disposition of any particular material.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products associated with food, landscape waste, and other compost feedstocks, which are intended to be composted under aerobic conditions in municipal and industrial composting facilities, where thermophilic temperatures are achieved.
1.2 This specification covers cellulosic-based uncoated and coated packaging materials and products and covers whole packaging products. Products covered in this specification include cellulosic fiber-based products produced from cellulosic pulp, corrugated materials, containerboard, paper, paperboard, and molded fiber.
1.3 This specification excludes end items where thermoplastic polymer is laminated or extruded to cellulosic substrates.
1.4 This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling cellulosic-fiber-based packaging materials and products as “compostable in aerobic municipal and industrial composting facilities” in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Federal Trade Commission,2 provided the label includes proper qualifications as to the availability of such facilities.
1.5 The properties in this specification are those required to determine if packaging materials and products will compost satisfactorily in large-scale aerobic municipal or industrial composting where maximum throughput is a high priority and where intermediate stages of biodegradation must not be apparent to the end user for aesthetic reasons.
1.6 This specification is technically equivalent to ISO 18606.1.7.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This classification can be used to classify material outputs from manufacturing facilities and associated support facilities. This classification does not include classification of emissions to air or water.
4.2 This classification can be used to classify discarded materials for marketing claims associated with discarded materials generation and development of consistent tracking metrics for manufacturing facilities.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard classifies discarded materials from manufacturing facilities and associated on-site support facilities.
1.2 This classification system is based on classification, location, disposition, and treatment.
1.3 This classification does not purport to address or supersede proper waste disposal required by laws and regulations.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Materials made from photodegradable plastics are intended to deteriorate rapidly when exposed to solar radiation, oxygen, heat, moisture and other degrading elements of the weather. This practice is used for evaluating the photodegradability of plastics when exposed in an apparatus that produces simulated daylight (1,2)6 and controlled temperature and moisture. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and salt water exposure. There can be no positive correlation of exposure results between this and other laboratory weathering devices.
4.2 Variations in results can be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all test results using this practice must be accompanied by the specific operating conditions required in Section 9. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.
4.3 The results of laboratory exposure cannot be directly extrapolated to estimate absolute rate of deterioration by the environment because the acceleration factor is material dependent and can be significantly different for each material and for different formulations of the same material. However, exposure of a similar material of known outdoor performance, a control, at the same time as the test specimens allows comparison of the durability relative to that of the control under the test conditions. Evaluation in terms of relative durabilities also greatly improves the agreement in test results among different laboratories (3).
4.4 Test results will depend on the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G155. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control and condition and age of the burners and ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for xenon arc exposure of photodegradable plastics conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G155. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions best suited for photodegradable plastics, and the evaluation of test results.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This practice is technically equivalent to ISO 4892-2 and Practice D2565 which cover xenon arc exposures of plastics intended for long term use in outdoor applications.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the ultimate anoxic biodegradation of plastics made of organic compounds, where the amount of the produced nitrogen and carbon dioxide at the end of the test is measured.
The test substance is exposed to an inoculum stemming from the denitrification tank of a wastewater treatment plant. Testing is performed under defined laboratory conditions.
Claims of performance are limited to the numerical result obtained in the test and not used for making unqualified claims such as "disposable in waste water treatment plants" and similar.
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the weight loss as a function of time of non-floating plastic materials (including formulation additives), when incubated under changing, open, marine aquarium conditions, which is representative of aquatic aerobic environments near the coasts and near the bottom of a body of water in the absence of sunlight, particularly UV and visible portions of the spectrum. The goal of this test is to obtain data that can be used to assess the potential for physical degradation of the test material. Such potential for physical degradation will be affected by real life environmental conditions.
1.2 In particular this test method does not take into consideration the possible effects of solar irradiation.
1.3 The aquarium-incubated plastic materials are examined for visual degradation and dry weight loss over time. This test does not provide information on ultimate biodegradation (that is, it is not a replacement for Test Method D6691), but it is an ASTM method for weight attrition. The standard addresses only weight loss as a function of time of the plastics materials in a marine environment and shall not be used for demonstrating ultimate biodegradation.
1.4 This test method does not provide information regarding the potential formation of microplastics due to the physical degradation of the samples.
1.5 Plastic pieces of known size and thickness are used at levels so as not to exceed the availability of micronutrients essential for and therefore limit the microbial processes.
1.6 The aquarium incubation test method allows for representative indigenous microorganisms present in seawater and marine sediment to be enriched for and carry out the biodegradation. It is recommended that the test be carried out in the geographical vicinity (latitudinal area) where the test materials are likely to be used. These Aquarium studies are conducted in indoor environments, hence any sunlight-induced effects on degradation, or biodegradation, or both, are not taken into account.
1.7 This test by itself shall not be used as the basis for claims, such as “Biodegradable in Marine Environments” since it is only a weight loss test method. This test method is solely a means for measuring a characteristic (physical degradation) under standard conditions. It does not assess the general environmental impact of plastic products.
1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems has the potential to result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for labelling of materials and products (including packaging), wherein a biodegradable plastic film or coating is attached (either through lamination or extrusion directly onto the paper) to compostable substrates and the entire product or package is designed to be composted in municipal and industrial aerobic composting facilities. This specification, however, does not describe the contents of the product or their performance with regards to compostability or biodegradability. In order to compost satisfactorily, the product must demonstrate each of the three characteristics as follows: (1) proper disintegration during composting; (2) adequate level of inherent biodegradation; and (3) no adverse impacts on the ability of composts to support plant growth.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers end items that include plastics or polymers where plastic film/ sheet or polymers are incorporated (either through lamination, extrusion or mixing) to substrates and the entire end item is designed to be composted under aerobic conditions in municipal and industrial composting facilities, where thermophilic temperatures are achieved.
1.2 This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling of end items which use plastics or polymers as coatings or binders, as “compostable in aerobic municipal and industrial composting facilities.”
1.3 The properties in this specification are those required to determine if end items (including packaging) which use plastics and polymers as coatings or binders will compost satisfactorily, in large scale aerobic municipal or industrial composting where maximum throughput is a high priority and where intermediate stages of plastic biodegradation must not be visible to the end user for aesthetic reasons.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to the test methods portion of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent for this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a method for the determination of the ultimate anoxic biodegradation of plastics made of organic compounds, where the amount of the produced nitrogen and carbon dioxide at the end of the test is measured.
The test substance is exposed to an inoculum stemming from the denitrification tank of a wastewater treatment plant. Testing is performed under defined laboratory conditions.
Claims of performance are limited to the numerical result obtained in the test and not used for making unqualified claims such as "disposable in waste water treatment plants" and similar.
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This clause of part 1 is replaced with the following: This European Standard is applicable to the treatment of photovoltaic panels as mentioned in the WEEE Directive under Annex 4. The scope of this document is limited to photovoltaic panels with a minimum surface area of 0,2 m2. This European Standard applies to the treatment of photovoltaic panels until end-of-waste status is fulfilled, or photovoltaic panel fractions are recycled, recovered or disposed. This European Standard addresses all operators involved in the treatment including related handling, sorting and storage of photovoltaic panels. This European Standard applies to all facilities including those whose treatment operations using mobile treatment installation.
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This document is used in the framework of the waste processing industry and defines the processing of relevant information for the deposit of garbage between access chips and the collection container systems.
This document is not intended to be used for container identification.
NOTE The container identification is covered by EN 14803.
This document provides the technical specification and the restrictions that are defined on top of ISO/IEC 14443-1, ISO/IEC 14443-2 and ISO/IEC 14443-3.
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This European Standard is applicable to the treatment of waste temperature exchange equipment and other WEEE containing VFC or VHC in refrigerants or blowing agents. This European Standard applies to the treatment of temperature exchange equipment until end-of-waste status is fulfilled, or temperature exchange equipment fractions are recycled, recovered, or disposed of. This European Standard addresses all operators involved in the treatment including related handling, sorting and storage of temperature exchange equipment.
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This document summarizes methods for the determination of the parameters pH, ammonium, AOX, As, Ba, Cd, Cl-, easily liberatable cyanide, Co, Cr, Cr(VI), Cu, DOC/TOC, electrical conductivity, F-, Hg, Mo, Ni, NO2-, Pb, phenol index, total S, Sb, Se, SO42-, TDS, V and Zn in aqueous eluates for the characterization of waste.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Cyanide and hydrogen cyanide are highly toxic. Regulations have been established requiring the measurement of cyanide in soil and solid waste samples. This practice is also useful for performing material balances to account for the distribution of cyanides in cyanidation products from metallurgical processes.
5.2 This practice is applicable to the determination of available or total water soluble, or both, and water insoluble cyanides in soil and solid waste.
5.3 Water insoluble cyanide complexes, such as Prussian blue, are not completely recovered by distillation methods. This practice extracts all cyanides, including the water insoluble cyanides such as Prussian blue, and then the extract solution can be analyzed for cyanide with Test Methods D6888, D7284, or D7511.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is used for the determination of total or available cyanide in solid waste, sediment and soil samples after alkaline extraction. Simple cyanide (CN-) salts of group 1 and group 2 (alkali and alkaline earth) metals; soluble alkali and alkaline earth salts of zinc, copper, cadmium, mercury, nickel, silver, and iron cyanide complexes; and insoluble metal-metal cyanide complexes, such as Prussian blue, are quantitatively recovered. Gold, platinum group metals and cobalt cyanide complexes are not recovered during analysis.
1.2 Free cyanide cannot be determined due to the change of equilibrium conditions during the extraction process.
1.3 Cyanide complexes are extracted into an alkaline solution as described in this practice. Measure the total cyanide using Test Methods D7511 or D7284. Measure the available cyanide using Test Method D6888. Calculate cyanide content in the soil or waste.
1.4 The method detection limit (MDL) is dependent on the test method used to measure the cyanide content. Based on the methods cited, it is approximately 1 mg/kg and the minimum level (ML) is 5 mg/kg. The applicable range is also dependent on the test method used to measure cyanide. Based on the methods cited, it is 5 to 100 mg/kg.
1.5 This practice should be used by analysts experienced with extractions and flow injection analysis (FIA), or working under the close supervision of such qualified persons.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 9.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 General—CCPs can effectively be used to reclaim surface mines (5-10). First, CCPs are ideally suited for use in numerous reclamation applications. Any type of CCP may be evaluated for use in mine reclamation. Project specific testing is necessary to ensure that the CCPs selected for use on a given project will meet the project objectives. Second, the use of CCPs can save money because they are available in bulk quantities and reduce expenditures for the manufacture and purchase of Portland cement or quicklime. Third, large-scale use of CCPs for mine reclamation conserves valuable landfill space by recycling a valuable product to abate acid mine drainage and reduce the potential for mine subsidence, provided that the CCP is environmentally and technically suitable for the desired use. The availability of CCPs makes it possible to reclaim abandoned mineland that could not otherwise be reclaimed. The potential for leaching constituents contained in CCPs should be evaluated to ensure that there is no adverse environmental impact.
4.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Behavior of CCPs—Fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, FGD material and FBC ash, or combinations thereof, can be used for mine reclamation. Each of these materials typically exhibits general physical and chemical properties that must be considered in the design of a mine reclamation project using CCPs. The specific properties of these materials vary from source to source so environmental and engineering performance testing is recommended for the material(s) or combinations to be used in mine reclamation projects.
4.2.1 Physical Properties:
4.2.1.1 Unit Weight—Unit weight is the weight per unit volume of material. Fly ash has a low dry unit weight, typically about 50 to 100 pcf (8 to 16 kN/m3). Bottom ash is also typically lighter than coarse grained soils of similar gradation. Stabilized FGD material from a wet scrubber and FGD material from a dry scrubber are also relatively lightweight, with u...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the beneficial use of coal combustion products (CCPs) for abatement of acid mine drainage and revegetation for surface mine reclamation applications related to area mining, contour mining, and mountaintop removal mining. It does not apply to underground mine reclamation applications. There are many important differences in physical and chemical characteristics that exist among the various types of CCPs available for use in mine reclamation. CCPs proposed for each project must be investigated thoroughly to design CCP placement activities to meet the project objectives. This guide provides procedures for consideration of engineering, economic, and environmental factors in the development of such applications.
1.2 The utilization of CCPs under this guide is a component of a pollution prevention program; Guide E1609 describes pollution prevention activities in more detail. Utilization of CCPs in this manner conserves land, natural resources, and energy.
1.3 This guide applies to CCPs produced primarily from the combustion of coal.
1.4 The testing, engineering, and construction practices for using CCPs in mine reclamation are similar to generally accepted practices for using other materials, including cement and soils, in mine reclamation.
1.5 Regulations governing the use of CCPs vary by state. The user of this guide has the responsibility to determine and comply with applicable regulations.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitati...
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The ESC Process—This practice describes a process for characterizing hazardous waste contaminated sites8, that provides cost-effective, timely, high-quality information derived primarily from judgement-based sampling and measurements by an integrated, multidisciplinary project team during a limited number of field mobilizations. (See Appendix X1 for additional background on the ESC process, its distinction from traditional site characterization, and its relationship to other approaches to site characterization and Appendix X5 and X6 for illustrative examples of the ESC process.)
4.2 Determining Appropriateness of ESC—The ESC process should be initiated when an ESC client, regulatory authority, and stakeholders determine that contaminants at a site present a potential threat to human health or the environment and the ESC process will identify vadose zone, groundwater, and other contaminant migration pathways in a timely and cost-effective manner, especially when decisions concerning remedial or other action must be made as rapidly as possible. Situations where the process may be applicable are as follows:
4.2.1 ESA—Sites where environmental site assessments (ESAs) conducted by using Practice E1527, Practice E1528, and Guide E1903 identify levels of contamination requiring further, more intensive characterization of the geologic and hydrologic system of contaminant migration pathways. Section X1.5.3 discusses the relationship between ESAs and the ESC process.
4.2.2 Petroleum Release Sites—Large petroleum release sites, such as refineries. The user should review both this practice and Guide E1912 to evaluate whether the ESC or ASC process is more appropriate for such sites.
4.2.3 Subsurface Radioactivity—Sites or facilities with subsurface contamination by radioactivity.
4.2.4 Other Subsurface Contamination—Other sites or facilities where contaminant migration in the vadose zone and groundwater is a matter of concern and heterogeneity of the vadose z...
SCOPE
1.1 Applicability of the ESC Process—This practice covers a process for expedited site characterization (ESC) of hazardous waste contaminated sites2 to identify vadose zone, groundwater and other relevant contaminant migration pathways and determine the distribution, concentration, and fate of contaminants for the purpose of providing an ESC client, regulatory authority, and stakeholders with the necessary information to choose a course of action.3 Generally, the process is applicable to larger-scale projects or contaminated sites where the ESC process can be reasonably expected to reduce the time and cost of site characterization compared to alternative approaches. The ESC process has been applied successfully at a variety of sites (see Table X1.1). It typically achieves significant cost and schedule savings compared to traditional site characterization (see X1.2 and X1.3),4 although it should be recognized that in-depth site characterization of hazardous waste contaminated sites may require a more elaborate process than ESC.
1.2 Features of the ESC Process—The ESC process operates within the framework of existing regulatory programs. It focuses on collecting only the information required to meet characterization objectives and on ensuring that characterization ceases as soon as the objectives are met. Central to the ESC process is the use of judgement-based sampling and measurement to characterize vadose zone and groundwater contamination in a limited number of field mobilizations by an integrated multidisciplinary team, led by a technical leader and operating within the framework of a dynamic work plan that gives him or her the flexibility of responsibility to select the type and location of measurements needed to optimize data collection activities. Table 1 identifies other essential features of the ESC process, and Fig. 1 presents a flow diagram for the entire ESC process.
FIG. 1 Overview of the Expedited Site...
- Standard50 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard50 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for determining the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials under controlled composting conditions by gravimetric measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide evolved. The method is designed to yield an optimum rate of biodegradation by adjusting the humidity, aeration and temperature of the composting vessel.
The method applies to the following materials:
— natural and/or synthetic polymers and copolymers, and mixtures of these;
— plastic materials that contain additives such as plasticizers or colorants;
— water-soluble polymers;
— materials that, under the test conditions, do not inhibit the activity of microorganisms present in the inoculum.
If the test material inhibits microorganisms in the inoculum, another type of mature compost or pre-exposure compost can be used.
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This Technical Report provides information on the alignment between Directive 2012/19/EU and EN 50625 series standards and EN 50614.
- Technical report17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Report provides information on the alignment between Directive 2012/19/EU and EN 50625 series standards and EN 50614.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Continuing emphasis by interested stakeholders demands that an entity dispose of surplus personal property assets in the most economical and efficient manner possible.
5.2 The selection of the disposal method may depend on regulatory, environmental, or safety concerns.
5.3 A personal property assets disposal program should be conducted in a manner consistent with the entity’s requirements, goals, and objectives.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes various personal property asset disposal methods including donation, sales, recycling, destruction, and abandonment.
1.2 This guide recognizes that while some entities distinguish between ‘excess’ and ‘surplus’ personal property assets, this guide will remain consistent with Terminology E2135 using those words as they are defined therein.
1.3 Prior to disposing of any personal property assets, consideration should be given to reutilization/reuse within the owning entity.
1.4 Disposal is the final step in the final phase of the life cycle management of personal property assets.
1.5 As entities may incur unnecessary or additional costs associated with recordkeeping, taxes, storage, maintenance, etc,. of personal property assets until final disposal actions are complete, selecting the most efficient and economical method of disposal is critical to a successful disposal program.
1.6 This guide does not include specific requirements for the classification or the disposal of scrap items or materials.
1.7 This guide does not specifically address disposal requirements of governmental laws and regulations. However, this guide enables an entity to align or integrate applicable governmental laws and regulations with its own requirements.
1.7.1 When disposing of assets owned by another entity, entities must adhere to contractual requirements of the owning entity as well as applicable statutory and regulatory guidelines, policies, and requirements specific to the owning entity.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following: This European standard is applicable to the treatments of WEEE containing CRTs and flat panel displays. This European standard applies to the treatment of WEEE containing CRTs and flat panel displays until end-of-waste status is fulfilled, or fractions are recycled, recovered, or disposed of. This European standard addresses all operators involved in the treatment including related handling, sorting, and storage.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Biodegradation of a plastic within a high-solids anaerobic digestion unit is an important phenomenon because it will affect the decomposition of other waste materials enclosed by the plastic and the resulting quality and appearance of the digestate after an anaerobic digestion process. Biodegradation of plastics could allow for the safe disposal of these plastics through aerobic and anaerobic solid-waste-treatment plants. This procedure has been developed to permit the determination of the rate and degree of anaerobic biodegradability of plastic products when placed in a high-solids anaerobic digester for the production of digestate from municipal solid waste.
5.2 Limitations—Because there is a wide variation in the construction and operation of anaerobic-digestion systems and because regulatory requirements for composting systems vary, this procedure is not intended to simulate the environment of any particular high-solids anaerobic-digestion system. However, it is expected to resemble the environment of a high-solids anaerobic-digestion process operated under optimum conditions. More specifically, the procedure is intended to create a standard laboratory environment that will permit a rapid and reproducible determination of the anaerobic biodegradability under high-solids digestion conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the degree and rate of anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in high-solids anaerobic conditions. The test materials are exposed to a methanogenic inoculum derived from anaerobic digesters operating only on pretreated household waste. The anaerobic decomposition takes place under high-solids (more than 30 % total solids) and static non-mixed conditions.
1.2 This test method is designed to yield a percentage of conversion of carbon in the sample to carbon in the gaseous form under conditions found in high-solids anaerobic digesters, treating municipal solid waste (1, 2, 3, 4).2 This test method may also resemble some conditions in biologically active landfills where the gas generated is recovered and biogas production is actively promoted by inoculation (for example, codeposition of anaerobic sewage sludge, anaerobic leachate recirculation), moisture control (for example, leachate recirculation), and temperature control (for example, short-term injection of oxygen, heating of recirculated leachate) (5, 6, 7).
1.3 This test method is designed to be applicable to all plastic materials that are not inhibitory to the microorganisms present in anaerobic digesters operating on household waste.
1.4 Claims of performance shall be limited to the numerical result obtained in the test and not be used for unqualified “biodegradable” claims. Reports shall clearly state the percentage of net gaseous carbon generation for both the test and reference samples at the completion of the test. Furthermore, results shall not be extrapolated past the actual duration of the test.
1.5 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards are given in Section 8.
Note 1: This test method is equivalent to ISO 15985.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This clause of part 1 is replaced with the following:
This European Standard is applicable to the treatment of photovoltaic panels as mentioned in the WEEE Directive under Annex 4.
The scope of this document is limited to photovoltaic panels with a minimum surface area of 0,2 m2.
This European Standard applies to the treatment of photovoltaic panels until end-of-waste status is fulfilled, or photovoltaic panel fractions are recycled, recovered or disposed.
This European Standard addresses all operators involved in the treatment including related handling, sorting and storage of photovoltaic panels. This European Standard applies to all facilities including those whose treatment operations using mobile treatment installation.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Clause 1 is replaced with the following:
This European Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with the WEEE Treatment Standard for photovoltaic panels, FprEN 50625-2-4 and Technical Specification for de-pollution - General CLC/TS 50625-3-1:2015.
- Technical specification16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Clause 1 is replaced with the following: This European Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with the WEEE Treatment Standard for photovoltaic panels, FprEN 50625-2-4 and Technical Specification for de-pollution - General CLC/TS 50625-3-1:2015.
- Technical specification16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following: This European standard is applicable to the treatment of lamps. This European Standard applies to the treatment of lamps until end-of-waste status is ful-filled, or lamp fractions are recycled, recovered, or disposed of. This European Standard addresses all operators involved in the treatment including related handling, sorting, and storage of lamps. This European Standard applies to all facilities including those whose treatment operations use mobile equipment.
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This Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with the WEEE Treatment Standard for temperature exchange equipment, EN 50625-2-3, and the Technical Specification for de-pollution, CLC/TS 50625 3-1.
- Technical specification60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification addresses the processes regarding the recycling of copper and/or precious metals contained in WEEE and fractions of WEEE.
NOTE 1 For the treatment of WEEE EN 50625-1 applies.
This Technical Specification relates to the chemical and metallurgical processes used for the recycling of copper and/or precious metals contained in WEEE and fractions of WEEE, thereby differentiating it from manual/mechanical processing (see Annex A).
All chemical and metallurgical processes are included up and until the output materials will be used for their original purpose or for other purposes or will be finally disposed of.
NOTE 2 The main precious metals concerned are gold, silver, and palladium.
NOTE 3 The majority of the WEEE volumes that are processed by final treatment operators consists of fractions of WEEE (e.g. circuit boards) containing copper and/or precious metals, however there may be whole small WEEE that can be treated directly in final treatment (e.g. USB sticks).
NOTE 4 Chemical and metallurgical processes are processes in which a chemical reaction takes place for example: pyrolysis, smelting, refining, solvent extraction, ion exchange, leaching/dissolution in water acids or base, precipitation, cementation, pressure leaching. They differ from mechanical / physical processes such as sorting and separation based on physical properties (e.g. density, magnetism, colour) and size reduction processes such as shredding and grinding.
NOTE 5 In general, these final treatment facilities are covered by the IED 2010/75/EU, e.g. copper smelters or refiners.
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Clause 1 of CLC/TS 50625-3-1:2015 is replaced with the following:
This European Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with CLC/TS 50625-3-1 Collection, logistics and treatment requirements for WEEE - Part 1: General treatment requirements, EN 50625 1, Collection, logistics and Treatment requirements for WEEE - Part 2-2: Treatment requirements for WEEE containing CRTs and flat panel displays, EN 50625-2-2 and Collection, logistics and treatment requirements for WEEE - Part 3-1: Specification for de-pollution - General, CLC/TS 50625-3-1.
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This Technical Specification applies to the following operations: collection, handling, sorting, storage, preparation for transport and transport of WEEE. It is applicable to all WEEE prior to arriving at the treatment facility or arriving at a preparation for re-use facility.
This Technical Specification addresses all operators that perform collection and logistics operations.
This technical specification does not cover treatment of WEEE. In case of treatment activities undertaken at collection or logistics facilities the Standard EN 50625-1 applies.
- Technical specification17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification addresses the processes regarding the recycling of copper and/or precious metals contained in WEEE and fractions of WEEE. NOTE 1 For the treatment of WEEE EN 50625-1 applies. This Technical Specification relates to the chemical and metallurgical processes used for the recycling of copper and/or precious metals contained in WEEE and fractions of WEEE, thereby differentiating it from manual/mechanical processing (see Annex A). All chemical and metallurgical processes are included up and until the output materials will be used for their original purpose or for other purposes or will be finally disposed of. NOTE 2 The main precious metals concerned are gold, silver, and palladium. NOTE 3 The majority of the WEEE volumes that are processed by final treatment operators consists of fractions of WEEE (e.g. circuit boards) containing copper and/or precious metals, however there may be whole small WEEE that can be treated directly in final treatment (e.g. USB sticks). NOTE 4 Chemical and metallurgical processes are processes in which a chemical reaction takes place for example: pyrolysis, smelting, refining, solvent extraction, ion exchange, leaching/dissolution in water acids or base, precipitation, cementation, pressure leaching. They differ from mechanical / physical processes such as sorting and separation based on physical properties (e.g. density, magnetism, colour) and size reduction processes such as shredding and grinding. NOTE 5 In general, these final treatment facilities are covered by the IED 2010/75/EU, e.g. copper smelters or refiners.
- Technical specification24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Clause 1 of CLC/TS 50625-3-1:2015 is replaced with the following: This European Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with CLC/TS 50625-3-1 Collection, logistics and treatment requirements for WEEE - Part 1: General treatment requirements, EN 50625 1, Collection, logistics and Treatment requirements for WEEE - Part 2-2: Treatment requirements for WEEE containing CRTs and flat panel displays, EN 50625-2-2 and Collection, logistics and treatment requirements for WEEE - Part 3-1: Specification for de-pollution - General, CLC/TS 50625-3-1.
- Technical specification34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with the WEEE Treatment Standard for temperature exchange equipment, EN 50625-2-3, and the Technical Specification for de-pollution, CLC/TS 50625 3-1.
- Technical specification60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification applies to the following operations: collection, handling, sorting, storage, preparation for transport and transport of WEEE. It is applicable to all WEEE prior to arriving at the treatment facility or arriving at a preparation for re-use facility. This Technical Specification addresses all operators that perform collection and logistics operations. This technical specification does not cover treatment of WEEE. In case of treatment activities undertaken at collection or logistics facilities the Standard EN 50625-1 applies.
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This European Standard is applicable to the treatment of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). This standard will be supplemented, for example by standards covering specific equipment. NOTE This European Standard is intended to cover WEEE arising from electrical and electronic equipment as listed in Annex I and Annex III of Directive 2012/19/EU. This standard applies to the treatment of WEEE until end-of-waste status is fulfilled, or until the WEEE is prepared for re-use, recycled, recovered, or disposed of. This standard addresses all operators involved in the treatment including related handling, sorting, and storage of WEEE.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with the WEEE Treatment Standard for lamps, EN 50625-2-1, and the Technical Specification CLC/TS 50625-3-1:2014 for de-pollution - General.
- Technical specification20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with the WEEE Treatment Standard for lamps, EN 50625-2-1, and the Technical Specification CLC/TS 50625-3-1:2014 for de-pollution - General.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purpose—This guide provides a process for identifying, prioritizing, selecting, implementing, documenting, and reporting activities to reduce the environmental footprint of a cleanup as defined by the following core elements.
4.1.1 Minimize Total Energy Use and Maximize Use of Renewable Energy—Reducing total energy use while also identifying means to increase the use of renewable energies throughout the cleanup. Possible methods may include reducing energy use, using energy efficient equipment, using on-site renewable resources (for example, wind, solar), and purchasing commercial energy from renewable resources.
4.1.2 Minimize Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gas Emissions—Reducing total air emissions, including emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases, throughout the cleanup. Possible methods may include minimizing the generation and transport of airborne contaminants and dust, using efficient emitting equipment (for example, vehicles and heavy equipment), using advanced emission controls, and using cleaner fuels or hybrid technologies.
4.1.3 Minimize Water Use and Impacts to Water Resources—Minimizing the use of water and impacts to water resources throughout the cleanup. Possible methods may include conserving water use in cleanup processes, using water efficient products, capturing and reclaiming water for reuse, revegetating with water efficient plants, and employing traditional BMPs for storm water, erosion, and sedimentation control.
4.1.4 Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle Materials and Waste—Minimizing the use of virgin materials and generation of waste throughout the cleanup as well as maximizing the use of recycled materials. Possible methods may include using recycled and locally generated materials, reusing waste materials (for example, concrete made with coal combustion products), diverting construction and demolition debris from disposal by recycling recovered resources, and using rapidly renewable materials or certified wood products. ...
SCOPE
1.1 Cleaning up sites improves environmental and public health conditions and as such can be viewed as “green.” However, cleanup activities use energy, water, and natural resources. The process of cleanup therefore creates its own environmental footprint. This guide describes a process for evaluating and implementing activities to reduce the environmental footprint of a cleanup project in the United States while working within the applicable regulatory framework and satisfying all applicable legal requirements.
1.2 This guide may also be used as a process for sites that are not located in the United States; however, the specific legal references are not applicable.
1.3 This guide describes a process for identifying, evaluating, and incorporating best management practices (BMPs) and, when deemed appropriate, for integrating a quantitative evaluation into a cleanup to reduce its environmental footprint.
1.4 This guide is designed to be implemented in conjunction with any cleanup framework and should be used with other technical tools, guidance, policy, laws, and regulations to integrate greener cleanup practices, processes, and technologies into cleanup projects.
1.5 This guide provides a process for evaluating and implementing activities to reduce the environmental footprint of a cleanup and is not designed to instruct users on how to clean up contaminated sites.
1.6 ASTM also has a guide on Integrating Sustainable Objectives into Cleanup (E2876). That guide provides a broad framework for integrating elements of environmental, economic, and social aspects into cleanups. This guide may provide assistance with implementing E2876 and other sustainable remediation guidance, such as Holland, et al. (2011)(1).
1.7 This guide specifically applies to the cleanup, not the redevelopment, of a site. However, the reasonably anticipated use of a site, if known, may influence the cleanup goals and scope.
1.8 This g...
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This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following:
This European standard is applicable to the treatments of WEEE containing CRTs and flat panel displays.
This European standard applies to the treatment of WEEE containing CRTs and flat panel displays until end-of-waste status is fulfilled, or fractions are recycled, recovered, or disposed of.
This European standard addresses all operators involved in the treatment including related handling, sorting, and storage.
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with the WEEE Treatment Standard EN 50625-1 for most types of WEEE (other documents will be developed to define requirements for specific WEEE requiring more specialised treatment).
- Technical specification27 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following:
This European standard is applicable to the treatment of lamps.
This European Standard applies to the treatment of lamps until end-of-waste status is ful-filled, or lamp fractions are recycled, recovered, or disposed of.
This European Standard addresses all operators involved in the treatment including related handling, sorting, and storage of lamps. This European Standard applies to all facilities including those whose treatment operations use mobile equipment.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with the WEEE Treatment Standard EN 50625-1 for most types of WEEE (other documents will be developed to define requirements for specific WEEE requiring more specialised treatment).
- Technical specification27 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day