ISO/TC 86 - Refrigeration and air-conditioning

This document specifies the testing and calculating methods for sensible heating recovery seasonal performance factor of heat recovery ventilators (HRVs) covered by ISO 16494-1. This document also specifies the test conditions and the corresponding test procedures for determining the sensible heating recovery seasonal performance factor of HRVs. It is intended for use only for marking and comparison purposes.

This document specifies the rating requirements, published ratings and marking provisions of centrifugal refrigerant compressors. This document applies to centrifugal compressors and their performance in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning applications. This document provides guidance and requirements for the industry, including manufacturers, engineers, installers and contractors. It defines the minimum amount of information in a standardized form to enable the evaluation and comparison of different compressors for use in an application and suggests a method to be used to guarantee the accuracy of that information.

This document specifies normative references, terms and definitions, rating requirements, published rating, tolerance and marking provisions of positive displacement refrigerant compressors. This document applies to positive displacement refrigerant compressors and their performance in air-conditioning, heating, refrigeration and dehumidification applications. Single stage, two-stage and refrigerant-injected compressors without intermediate temperature load (only one evaporator) are included in this document. Subcritical operation and transcritical operation are also included in this document. Compressors for other applications, compression types and operations can also refer to this document. The manufacturer is solely responsible for the determination of values to be used in the published product information. This document is intended as guidance for the industry, including manufacturers, engineers, installers and service contractors. It defines the minimum amount of information in a standard form to enable the evaluation and comparison of different compressors for use in an application.

This document specifies the testing and calculating methods for sensible cooling recovery seasonal performance factor of heat recovery ventilators (HRV) covered by ISO 16494-1. This document also specifies the test conditions and the corresponding test procedures for determining the sensible cooling recovery seasonal performance factor of HRVs. The rating conditions are those specified in Annex B and in ISO 16494-1. The procedures of this document can be used for other temperature conditions.

This document specifies the qualification procedure for type approval of the tightness of hermetically sealed and closed components, joints and parts used in refrigerating systems and heat pumps as described in relevant parts of the ISO 5149 series, including metal flexible piping. It specifies the level of tightness of the component as a whole and its assembly as specified by the manufacturer. It specifies additional requirements for mechanical joints that can be recognized as hermetically sealed joints. This document is applicable to joints of maximum DN 50 and components of internal volume of maximum 5 l and maximum weight of 50 kg. It is applicable to the hermetically sealed and closed components, joints and parts (e.g. fittings, bursting discs, flanged or fitted assemblies) used in the refrigerating installations, including those with seals, whatever their material and design are. This document does not apply to the tightness of flexible piping made from non-metallic material. This is covered in ISO 13971. Components tested before the date of publication of this document and found to comply with ISO 14903:2017 are considered to comply with this document.

This document describes the calculation of: — mass flow for sizing pressure relief devices for parts of refrigerating systems; — discharge capacities for pressure relief valves and other pressure relief devices in refrigerating systems including the necessary data for sizing these when relieving to atmosphere or to part of the refrigerating system at lower pressure; — the pressure loss in the inlet and outlet lines of pressure relief valves and other pressure relief devices and includes the necessary data. This document specifies the requirements for selection of pressure relief devices to prevent excessive pressure due to internal and external heat sources, the sources of increasing pressure (e.g. compressor, heaters, etc.) and thermal expansion of trapped liquid. NOTE The term "refrigerating system" used in this document includes heat pumps.

This document provides an unambiguous system for assigning designations to refrigerants. It also establishes a system for assigning a safety classification to refrigerants based on toxicity and flammability data, and provides a means of determining the refrigerant concentration limit. Tables listing the refrigerant designations, safety classifications, refrigerant concentration limits and data necessary for safe use of the refrigerants are included based on data submitted with the application.

This document specifies test conditions and test procedures for determining the performance characteristics of air to water heat pumps for space heating and/or space cooling with electrically driven compressors with or without supplementary heater. The purpose of this document is to rate the performance of the air to water heat pumps for space heating and/or space cooling. In the case of air to water heat pumps for space heating and/or space cooling consisting of several parts with refrigerant or water connections, this document applies only to those designed and supplied as a complete package. This document does not apply to large chiller or large liquid chilling package for space cooling and/or heating. This document does not apply to air to water heat pumps not intended for human comfort. NOTE Testing procedures for simultaneous operation for hot water supply and space heating and/or space cooling are not treated in this document. Simultaneous means that hot water supply and space heating and/or space cooling generation occur at the same time and can interact.

This document specifies a method of measuring the burning velocity (BV) of slowing burning refrigerants (

This document specifies test conditions for determining the seasonal performance characteristics of air to water heat pumps for space heating with electrically driven compressors with or without supplementary heater. In the case of air to water heat pumps for space heating consisting of several parts with refrigerant or water connections, this document applies only to those designed and supplied as a complete package. The seasonal coefficient of performance depends, inter alia, on the climate conditions and temperature regime of the space heating distribution network. This document specifies: — three design conditions, each of them being characterized by a design temperature which represents the lowest temperature that can occur in that design condition; — three water temperature distribution regimes, namely “temperature application” in the text. This document also provides a full description of three heating seasons that can be used with the associated design conditions.

This document specifies requirements for the performance of refrigerated display cabinets used in the sale and display of foodstuffs and construction characteristics impacting performance. It specifies test conditions and methods for checking that the requirements have been satisfied, as well as classification of the cabinets, their marking and the list of their characteristics to be declared by the manufacturer. This document is not applicable to refrigerated vending machines, commercial beverage coolers covered by ISO 22044, ice cream freezers covered by ISO 22043. It is also not applicable to cabinets intended for storage or cabinets intended for use, for instance, in catering or non-retail refrigerated applications. This document does not cover health and safety aspects and ergonomic principles. This document is not intended to specify storage temperature for foodstuff.

This document defines terms related to refrigerated display cabinets used for the sale and display of foodstuffs. It does not apply to refrigerated vending machines or cabinets intended for use in catering or similar non-retail applications.

This document specifies the testing and calculating methods for sensible heating recovery seasonal performance factor of heat recovery ventilators (HRV) covered by ISO 16494-1. This document also specifies the test conditions and the corresponding test procedures for determining the sensible heating recovery seasonal performance factor of HRV and is intended for use only in marking, comparison, and certification purposes. For the purposes of this document, the rating conditions are those specified in ISO 16494-1 and in Annex B. The procedures of this document may be used for other temperature conditions.

This document specifies methods for the measurement of energy consumption, water consumption, ice production capacity and the harvested ice characteristics of ice makers with built-in condensing units for commercial use. This document does not apply to: — ice makers intended to be incorporated in appliances for household use; — ice makers with remote condensing units.

This document defines the activities related to refrigerating systems according to ISO 5149‑1, ISO 5149‑2, ISO 5149‑3 and ISO 5149‑4 and other equivalent standards, such as EN 378‑1, EN 378‑2, EN 378‑3, EN 378‑4 and the associated competence profiles. It also establishes the competence criteria for persons who carry out these activities. Activities concerning electricity are excluded. NOTE 1 As a refrigerating circuit is considered not to incorporate electrical and electronic systems, activities in this area are not part of this document. National regulations or appropriate International or national standards can be referred to for competence on electrical and electronic systems. NOTE 2 This document does not apply to persons carrying out work on self‑contained refrigerating systems as defined in ISO 5149‑1 or EN 378‑1, from the initial design of the product to the complete manufacture of the product, provided the process is controlled and the methods used are checked by an organization or individual responsible for the conformance with statutory requirements on health, safety and environment (e.g. energy efficiency). NOTE 3 This document does not constitute a training programme.

This document specifies requirements for safety and environmental aspects in relation to operation, maintenance and repair of refrigerating systems and the recovery, reuse and disposal of all types of refrigerant, refrigerant oil, heat transfer fluid, refrigerating system and part thereof. This document does not cover "motor vehicle air conditioners" constructed according to the product standards such as ISO 13043. These requirements are intended to minimize risks of injury to persons and damage to property and the environment resulting from improper handling of the refrigerants or from contaminants leading to system breakdown and resultant emission of the refrigerant.

This document specifies the thermophysical properties of several commonly used refrigerants and refrigerant blends. This document is applicable to refrigerants R12, R22, R32, R123, R125, R134a, R143a, R152a, R290, R600a, R717 (ammonia), R744 (carbon dioxide), R1233zd(E), R1336mzz(Z), R1234yf and R1234ze(E) and to the refrigerant blends R404A, R407C, R410A, and R507A. The following properties are included: density, pressure, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, heat capacity at constant pressure, heat capacity at constant volume, speed of sound, and the Joule-Thomson coefficient, in both single-phase states and along the liquid-vapour saturation boundary. The numerical designation of these refrigerants is that defined in ISO 817. NOTE 1 R12, R22, R123 are controlled substances under the Montreal Protocol, Annex A (R12) or Annex C Group I (R22, R123). NOTE 2 R32, R125, R134a, R143a, R152a, R404A, R407C, R410A, and R507A are controlled substances under the Montreal Protocol, Annex F or blend thereof.

This document specifies a method of testing the ventilation and energy related performance of heat recovery ventilators (HRVs) and energy recovery ventilators (ERVs) that do not contain any supplemental heating (except for defrost), cooling, humidification, or dehumidification components. Exchanger types of HRVs and ERVs are a) fixed-plate exchangers (also known as recuperators), b) rotary exchangers, including heat wheels and total energy wheels (also known as regenerators), and c) heat pipe exchangers using a heat transfer medium, excluding those using mechanical pumping, This document does not provide a method for measuring the response of exchangers to the formation of frost.

This document specifies the classification for commercial beverage coolers and their requirements and test methods. This document is applicable to integral refrigeration systems. This document is not applicable to remote and secondary system cabinets.

This document specifies safety requirements, certain functional requirements, and marking of valves and other components with similar bodies, hereinafter called valves, for use in refrigerating systems including heat pumps. This document includes requirements for valves with extension pipes. This document describes the procedure to be followed when designing valve parts subjected to pressure as well as the criteria to be used in the selection of materials. This document describes methods by which reduced impact values at low temperatures may be taken into account in a safe manner. This document applies to the design of bodies and bonnets for pressure relief devices, including bursting disc devices, with respect to pressure containment but it does not apply to any other aspects of the design or application of pressure relief devices. In addition, this document is applicable to valves with a maximum operating temperature not exceeding 200 °C and a maximum allowable pressure not exceeding 160 bar[1]. [1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa.

This document specifies methods for testing and characterizing the performance of air-to-air heat/energy exchangers when used as devices to transfer heat or heat and water vapor between two airstreams used in ventilation systems. It also specifies methods to characterize the performance of exchangers for use in calculation of the energy performance of buildings. This document is applicable to: — fixed-plate exchangers (also known as recuperators), — rotary exchangers, including heat wheels and total energy wheels (also known as regenerators), — heat pipe exchangers using a heat transfer medium, excluding those using mechanical pumping. This document does not provide a method for measuring the response of exchangers to the formation of frost.

1.1 This document establishes performance testing and rating criteria for factory-made residential, commercial and industrial, electrically-driven, mechanical- compression type, water-to-air and brine-to-air heat pumps. The requirements for testing and rating contained in this document are based on the use of matched assemblies. 1.2 Equipment designed for rating at one liquid temperature range under this document may not be suitable at all liquid temperature ranges covered in this document. 1.3 This document does not apply to the testing and rating of individual assemblies for separate use, nor to the testing and rating of heat pumps covered in ISO 5151, ISO 13253 or ISO 13256‑2.

1.1 This document establishes performance testing and rating criteria for factory-made residential, commercial and industrial, electrically-driven, mechanical- compression type, water-to-water and brine-to-water heat pumps. The requirements for testing and rating contained in this document are based on the use of matched assemblies. 1.2 Equipment may be designed for rating at one or several source and load side temperature conditions described in this document. 1.3 This document does not apply to the testing and rating of individual assemblies for separate use, nor to the testing and rating of heat pumps covered in ISO 5151, ISO 13253 or ISO 13256-1.

This document specifies the requirements for the verification of performance and energy consumption of blast cabinets for professional use in commercial kitchens, hospitals, canteens, institutional catering and similar professional areas. The appliances covered by this document are intended to rapidly cool down hot foodstuffs up to a load capacity of 300 kg. This document applies to: — blast chillers; — blast freezers; — multi-use blast chillers/freezers. The following appliances are not covered: — roll-in cabinet; — pass-through cabinet; — cabinets with remote condensing unit; — cabinets with water cooled condenser; — blast chilling and freezing tunnels; — continuous blast-chilling and blast-freezing equipment; — bakery combined freezing and storage units.

This document specifies the classification for horizontal closed ice-cream freezer with access of the product from the top via transparent or solid lid(s) and specifies their requirements and test methods. The ice-cream freezers defined in this document are different from supermarket segment freezers, as they work with static air cooling, with a skin evaporator (no evaporator fan) and are used specifically for the storage and display of pre-packed ice-cream. This document is only applicable to integral type refrigeration systems. It is not applicable to remote and secondary system type cabinets. Ice-cream freezers defined in this document are intended to have a net volume ≤600 l. For transparent lid ice-cream freezers only, they are intended to have a net volume/TDA ≥ 0,35 m.

This document applies to the performance testing of compressor driven refrigerating systems (hereafter referred to as refrigerating systems) that operate according to the principle of vapour compression and consist of the circuit parts for compression, condensation, and evaporation as well as the connecting pipes and any necessary associated ancillaries required for a complete refrigeration circuit. This document does not apply to the testing of other refrigeration systems such as absorption or steam jet refrigerating systems. Testing of the suitability of a refrigerating system for a specific use, such as household refrigerators, refrigerated commercial and display cabinets, air conditioners, is not covered by this document. This document includes testing outside laboratories or where specific laboratory testing standards for systems do not exist and which is performed according to agreed operating conditions.

This document specifies requirements for the verification of performance and energy consumption of refrigerated storage cabinets and counters for professional use in commercial kitchens, hospitals, canteens, preparation areas of bars, bakeries, gelateria, institutional catering and similar professional areas. The products covered in this document are intended to store foodstuffs. It specifies test conditions and methods for checking that the requirements have been satisfied, as well as classification of the cabinets and counters, their marking and the list of their characteristics to be declared by the manufacturer. It is not applicable to: — refrigerated cabinets used in the direct sale of foodstuffs; — cabinets that carry out food processing and not just storage function (e.g. bakery cabinets that chill, heat and humidify); — cabinets with water cooled condenser; — appliances with remote condensing unit; — appliances with open top tables and saladettes for preparation or storage of foodstuffs; — cabinets specifically intended for storage of specific foodstuffs (i.e. fresh meat, fresh fish, etc.) operating at a temperature different from those specified in Table 1; — chest freezers; — appliances intended for short time /intermittent normal operation during the full day; — built-in cabinets; — roll-in cabinets; — pass-through cabinets; — ice cream freezers.

This document provides guidance for practical applications of those principles in the measurement of the performance of ventilators falling under the scope of ISO 16494:2014. The references listed in the Bibliography give detailed information on the principles and theory of uncertainty as applied to measurements.

This document specifies test conditions and test procedures for determining the performance characteristics of air source heat pump water heaters for hot water supply with electrically driven compressors with or without supplementary electric heater and connected to or including only one hot water storage tank. Hot water storage tanks that are connected in series or parallel and behave hydronically as one single tank are considered as one hot water storage tank. In the case of heat pump water heaters consisting of several parts with refrigerant or water connections, this document applies only to those designed and supplied as a complete package. NOTE This document is not applicable to testing procedures for simultaneous operation for hot water supply and space heating. "Simultaneous" means that hot water supply and space heating generation occur at the same time and may interact.

This document specifies the standard conditions for capacity and efficiency ratings of non-ducted portable air-cooled air conditioners having a single exhaust duct and non-ducted portable air-cooled heat pumps having a single exhaust duct. Such air conditioners and heat pumps may include an evaporatively cooled condenser cooled by air and the evaporation of: a) condensate collected from the evaporator; b) external supplementary water stored in a supplementary water tank; or c) both a) and b). This document also specifies the test methods for determining the capacity and efficiency ratings. This document applies to equipment that is factory-made, electrically driven and uses mechanical compression. This document is applicable to equipment utilizing one or more refrigeration systems. This document is not applicable to the rating and testing of the following: i) Water-source heat pumps or water-cooled air conditioners; ii) Multi-split-system air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps (see ISO 15042:2017 for the testing of such equipment); iii) Individual assemblies not constituting a complete refrigeration system; iv) Equipment using the absorption refrigeration cycle; v) Ducted equipment (see ISO 13253:2017 for the testing of such equipment); vi) Evaporative coolers or any other cooling systems that are not of the vapour compression type; vii) Dehumidifiers; viii) Spot coolers.

ISO 5151:2017 specifies performance testing, the standard conditions and the test methods for determining the capacity and efficiency ratings of air-cooled air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps. ISO 5151:2017 is applicable to the following equipment: - non-ducted air-cooled air conditioners and non-ducted air-to-air heat pumps; or - ducted air conditioners and/or ducted heat pumps rated at less than 8 kW and intended to operate at an external static pressure of less than 25 Pa. ISO 5151:2017 is limited to: - residential, commercial and industrial single-package and split-system air conditioners and heat pumps; - factory-made, electrically driven and use mechanical compression; - utilizing single, multiple and variable capacity components; - multiple split-system utilizing one or more refrigeration systems, one outdoor unit and one or more indoor units, controlled by a single thermostat/controller. The requirements of testing and rating contained in this document are based on the use of matched assemblies. ISO 5151:2017 is not applicable to the rating and testing of the following: a) water-source heat pumps or water cooled air conditioners; b) multi-split-system air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps (follow ISO 15042 for the testing of such equipment); c) mobile (windowless) units having a condenser exhaust duct; d) individual assemblies not constituting a complete refrigeration system; e) equipment using the absorption refrigeration cycle; f) ducted equipment except for those specified in this clause (follow ISO 13253 for the testing of such equipment). ISO 5151:2017 does not cover the determination of seasonal efficiencies, which can be required in some countries because they provide a better indication of efficiency under actual operating conditions. NOTE Throughout this document, the terms "equipment" and "systems" mean "air conditioners" and/or "heat pumps".

ISO 13253:2017 specifies performance testing, the standard conditions and the test methods for determining the capacity and efficiency ratings of air-cooled, air-conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps. ISO 13253:2017 is applicable to the following equipment: - ducted air-cooled air conditioners and ducted air to air heat pumps. ISO 13253:2017 is limited to - residential, commercial and industrial single-package, and split-system air conditioners and heat pumps, - factory-made, electrically driven and use mechanical compression, - utilizing single, multiple and variable capacity components, and - multiple split-system utilizing one or more refrigeration systems, one outdoor unit and one or more indoor units, controlled by a single thermostat/controller. The requirements of testing and rating contained in this document are based on the use of matched assemblies. ISO 13253:2017 is not applicable to the rating and testing of the following: a) water-source heat pumps or water-cooled air-conditioners; b) multi-split-system air-conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps (see ISO 15042 for testing of such equipment); c) mobile (windowless) units having a condenser exhaust duct; d) individual assemblies not constituting a complete refrigeration system; e) equipment using the absorption refrigeration cycle; f) non-ducted equipment (see ISO 5151 for testing of such equipment); g) ducted air conditioners and/or ducted heat pumps, rated at less than 8 kW and intended to operate at external static pressures of less than 25 Pa, controlled by a single thermostat/controller (refer to ISO 5151). ISO 13253:2017 does not cover the determination of seasonal efficiencies, which can be required in some countries because they provide a better indication of efficiency under actual operating conditions. NOTE Throughout this document, the terms "equipment" and "systems" mean "air-conditioners" and/or "heat pumps".

ISO 15042:2017 specifies the performance testing, the standard conditions and the test methods for determining the capacity and efficiency ratings of air-cooled air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps. ISO 15042:2017 is applicable to the following equipment: -― basic multi-split systems, modular multi-split systems and modular heat recovery multi-split systems. These multi-split systems include air-to-air systems with non-ducted and/or ducted indoor units with integral fans and indoor units supplied without fans. ISO 15042:2017 is limited to: - residential, commercial and industrial split-system air conditioners and heat pumps; - factory-made, electrically driven and use mechanical compression; - single- and multiple-circuit split-systems which utilize one or more compressors with no more than two steps of control of the outdoor unit; or - split-systems with a single refrigeration circuit which utilize one or more variable-speed compressors or alternative compressor combinations for varying the capacity of the system by three or more steps. These split-systems are designed to operate with a combination of one or more outdoor units and two or more indoor units designed for individual operation, and such modular systems are capable of transferring recovered heat from one or more indoor units to other units in the same system. The requirements of testing and rating contained in this document are based on the use of matched assemblies. ISO 15042:2017 is not applicable to the rating and testing of the following: a) water-cooled or water source equipment; b) mobile (single-duct) units having a condenser exhaust duct; c) individual assemblies not constituting a complete refrigeration system; d) equipment using the absorption refrigeration cycle. e) ducted air conditioners and/or ducted heat pumps, rated at less than 8 kW and intended to operate at external static pressures of less than 25 Pa, controlled by a single thermostat/controller (refer to ISO 5151); f) multiple split-system utilizing one or more refrigeration systems, one outdoor unit and one or more indoor units, controlled by a single thermostat/controller (refer to ISO 5151 or ISO 13253). ISO 15042:2017 does not cover the determination of seasonal efficiencies or seasonal part-load performances, which can be required in some countries because they provide a better indication of efficiency under actual operating conditions. NOTE Throughout this document, the terms "equipment" and "systems" mean "multi-split air conditioners" and/or "multi-split heat pumps".

ISO 14903:2017 provides the qualification procedure for type approval of the tightness of hermetically sealed and closed components, joints and parts used in refrigerating systems and heat pumps as described in relevant parts of ISO 5149. The sealed and closed components, joints and parts concerned are, in particular, fittings, bursting discs, flanged or fitted assemblies. The tightness of flexible piping made from non-metallic materials is dealt with in ISO 13971. Metal flexible piping are covered by this document. The requirements contained in this document are applicable to joints of maximum DN 50 and components of internal volume of maximum 5 l and maximum weight of 50 kg. ISO 14903:2017 is intended to characterize their tightness stresses met during their operations, following the fitting procedure specified by the manufacturer, and to specify the minimal list of necessary information to be provided by the supplier of a component to the person in charge of carrying out this procedure. It specifies the level of tightness of the component, as a whole, and its assembly as specified by its manufacturer. It applies to the hermetically sealed and closed components, joints and parts used in the refrigerating installations, including those with seals, whatever their material and their design are. ISO 14903:2017 specifies additional requirements for mechanical joints that can be recognized as hermetically sealed joints.

ISO 817:2014 provides an unambiguous system for assigning designations to refrigerants. It also establishes a system for assigning a safety classification to refrigerants based on toxicity and flammability data, and provides a means of determining the refrigerant concentration limit.