ISO 16358-2:2013

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16358-2
First edition
2013-04-15
Air-cooled air conditioners and air-
to-air heat pumps — Testing and
calculating methods for seasonal
performance factors —
Part 2:
Heating seasonal performance factor
Climatiseurs à condenseur à air et pompes à chaleur air/air — Essais
et méthodes de calcul des coefficients de performance saisonniers —
Partie 2: Coefficient de performance saisonnier de chauffage (COPSC)
Reference number
©
ISO 2013
© ISO 2013
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 4
5 Tests . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Test conditions . 7
5.3 Test methods . 9
6 Calculations.10
6.1 Heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF) and total heating seasonal performance
factor (THSPF) .10
6.2 Defined heating load .10
6.3 Outdoor temperature bin distribution for heating .10
6.4 Heating seasonal characteristics of fixed capacity units .11
6.5 Heating seasonal characteristics of two-stage capacity units .13
6.6 Heating seasonal characteristics of multi-stage capacity units .15
6.7 Heating seasonal characteristics of variable capacity units .20
7 Test report .24
Annex A (informative) Figures .26
Annex B (informative) Calculation of total heating seasonal performance factor (THSPF) .30
Annex C (normative) Testing and calculation method for degradation coefficient of
cyclic operation .32
Annex D (informative) Calculating method for seasonal performance factor when setting a
specific heating load .35
Annex E (informative) Calculating method for temperature when defined load line crosses each
capacity line .36
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users of this document
and does not constitute an endorsement. Equivalent products can be used if they can be shown to lead
to the same results.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 86, Refrigeration and air-conditioning,
Subcommittee SC 6, Testing and rating of air-conditioners and heat pumps.
The parts of ISO 16358 are given below:
— Part 1: Cooling seasonal performance factor
— Part 2: Heating seasonal performance factor
— Part 3: Annual performance factor
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16358-2:2013(E)
Air-cooled air conditioners and air-to-air heat
pumps — Testing and calculating methods for seasonal
performance factors —
Part 2:
Heating seasonal performance factor
1 Scope
1.1 This part of ISO 16358 specifies the testing and calculating methods for seasonal performance factor
of equipment covered by ISO 5151, ISO 13253 and ISO 15042. For the purposes of this part of ISO 16358,
it is assumed that any make-up heating will be provided by electric heaters running concurrently with
the heat pump.
1.2 This part of ISO 16358 also specifies the seasonal performance test conditions and the corresponding
test procedures for determining the seasonal performance factor of equipment, as specified in 1.1, under
mandatory test conditions and is intended for use only in marking, comparison, and certification purposes.
1.3 This part of ISO 16358 does not apply to the testing and rating of:
a) water-source heat pumps or water-cooled air conditioners;
b) portable units having a condenser exhaust duct;
c) individual assemblies not constituting a complete refrigeration system; or
d) equipment using the absorption refrigeration cycle.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5151, Non-ducted air conditioners and heat pumps — Testing and rating for performance
ISO 13253, Ducted air-conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps — Testing and rating for performance
ISO 15042, Multiple split-system air-conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps — Testing and rating for performance
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5151, ISO 13253, ISO 15042
and the following apply.
3.1
defined heating load, L
h
heat defined as heating demand for a given outdoor temperature
3.2
make-up heating
electric heat required to cover the deficiency of the heating capacity delivered by the heat pump for
the heating load
3.3
heating seasonal total load
HSTL
total annual amount of heat, including make-up heat, which is added to the indoor air when the equipment
is operated for heating in active mode
3.4
heating seasonal energy consumption
HSEC
total annual amount of energy consumed by the equipment, including make-up heat, when it is operated
for heating in active mode
3.5
heating seasonal performance factor
HSPF
ratio of the total annual amount of heat that the equipment, including make-up heat, can add to the
indoor air when operated for heating in active mode to the total annual amount of energy consumed by
the equipment during the same period
3.6
part load factor
PLF
ratio of the performance when the equipment is cyclically operated to the performance when the
equipment is continuously operated, at the same temperature and humidity conditions
3.7
degradation coefficient, C
D
coefficient that indicates efficiency loss caused by cyclic operation
3.8
fixed capacity unit
equipment which does not have possibility to change its capacity
Note 1 to entry: to entry This definition applies to each cooling and heating operation individually.
3.9
two (2)-stage capacity unit
equipment where the capacity is varied by two steps
Note 1 to entry: This definition applies to each cooling and heating operation individually.
3.10
multi-stage capacity unit
equipment where the capacity is varied by 3 or 4 steps
Note 1 to entry: This definition applies to each cooling and heating operation individually.
3.11
variable capacity unit
equipment where the capacity is varied by five or more steps to represent continuously variable capacity
Note 1 to entry: This definition applies to each cooling and heating operation individually.
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

3.12
heating full-load operation
operation with the equipment and controls configured for maximum continuous refrigeration capacity
at H1 condition
Note 1 to entry: Unless otherwise regulated by the automatic controls of the equipment, all indoor units and
compressors shall be functioning.
3.13
heating extended-load operation
operation of the equipment at maximum continuous refrigeration capacity at H2 condition
Note 1 to entry: Unless otherwise regulated by the automatic controls of the equipment, all indoor units and
compressors shall be functioning.
3.14
minimum-load operation
operation of the equipment and controls at minimum continuous refrigeration capacity
Note 1 to entry: All indoor units shall be functioning
3.15
standard heating full capacity
heating capacity at H1 at full-load operating condition
3.16
standard heating full power input
electric power input at H1 at full-load operating condition
3.17
standard heating half capacity
capacity which is 50 % of heating full capacity at H1 condition with all indoor units functioning
3.18
standard heating half power input
electric power input when operated at 50 % of heating full capacity at H1 condition with all indoor
units functioning
3.19
standard heating minimum capacity
capacity which is minimum heating capacity at H1 condition at the minimum-load operation
3.20
standard heating minimum power input
electric power input when operated at minimum heating capacity at H1 condition at the minimum-
load operation
3.21
standard heating extended capacity
heating capacity when operated at H2 condition at the extended-load operation
3.22
standard heating extended power input
electric power input when operated at H2 condition at the extended-load operation
3.23
total heating seasonal performance factor
THSPF
ratio of the total annual amount of heat that the equipment, including make-up heat, can add to the indoor
air to the total annual amount of energy consumed by the equipment, including the active, inactive and
disconnected modes
3.24
active mode
mode corresponding to the hours with a heating demand of the building and whereby the heating
function of the unit is switched on
3.25
inactive mode
mode corresponding to the hours when the unit is not operating to meet heating demand
Note 1 to entry: This mode may include the operation of a crankcase heater.
3.26
disconnected mode
mode corresponding to the hours when the unit is electrically disconnected from the main power supply
Note 1 to entry: Power consumption is zero.
4 Symbols
Symbol Description Unit
C heating seasonal energy consumption (HSEC) Wh
HSE
C (t) heating coefficient of performance (COP) at continuous outdoor tempera- W/W
OP
ture t
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) at outdoor temperature t W/W
OP j j
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) when heating load is equal to non- W/W
OP, ext h
frosting range heating extended capacity
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) when heating load is equal to frost- W/W
OP, ext, f f
ing range heating extended capacity
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) in non-frosting variable operation W/W
OP, fe j
between full and extended capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) in frosting variable operation W/W
OP, fe, f j
between full and extended capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) when heating load is equal to non- W/W
OP, ful a
frosting range heating full capacity
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) when heating load is equal to frost- W/W
OP, ful, f g
ing range heating full capacity
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) when heating load is equal to non- W/W
OP, haf d
frosting range heating half capacity
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) when heating load is equal to frost- W/W
OP, haf, f e
ing range heating half capacity
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) in non-frosting variable operation W/W
OP, hf j
between half and full capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) in frosting variable operation W/W
OP, hf, f j
between half and full capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) in non-frosting variable operation W/W
OP, mh j
between minimum and half capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) in frosting variable operation W/W
OP, mh,f j
between minimum and half capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) when heating load is equal to non- W/W
OP, min q
frosting range heating minimum capacity
4 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Symbol Description Unit
C (t ) heating coefficient of performance (COP) when heating load is equal to frost- W/W
OP, min,f r
ing range heating minimum capacity
F heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF) –
HSP
F (t ) part load factor (PLF) at outdoor temperature t –
PL j j
F total heating seasonal performance factor (THSPF) –
THSP
L heating seasonal total load (HSTL) Wh
HST
L (t ) defined heating load at outdoor temperature t W
h j j
n number of temperature bins –
n bin hours h
j
heating power input calculated by equation of P(t ) at continuous outdoor
j
P(t) W
temperature t
P(t ) heating power input applicable to any capacity at outdoor temperature t W
j j
P (t ) non-frosting range heating extended power input at outdoor temperature t W
ext j j
P (−7) heating extended power input at outdoor temperature −7 °C W
ext
P (2) calculated heating extended power input at outdoor temperature 2 °C W
ext
P (t ) frosting range heating extended power input at outdoor temperature t W
ext, f j j
P (2) heating extended power input at H2 temperature condition W
ext, f
P t ) heating power input in variable operation between full and extended capac- W
fe( j
ity at outdoor temperature t
j
P (t ) non-frosting range heating full power input at outdoor temperature t W
ful j j
P (7) heating full power input at H1 temperature condition W
ful
P (−7) heating full power input at outdoor temperature −7 °C W
ful
P (2) calculated heating full power input at outdoor temperature 2 °C W
ful
P (t ) frosting range heating full power input at outdoor temperature t W
ful, f j j
P (2) heating full power input at H2 temperature condition W
ful, f
P (t ) non-frosting range heating half power input at outdoor temperature t W
haf j j
P (7) heating half power input at H1 temperature condition W
haf
P (−7) heating half power input at outdoor temperature −7 °C W
haf
P (2) calculated heating half power input at outdoor temperature 2 °C W
haf
P (t ) frosting range heating half power input at outdoor temperature t W
haf, f j j
P (2) heating half power input at H2 temperature condition W
haf, f
P (t ) heating power input in variable operation between half and full capacity at W
hf j
outdoor temperature t
j
P (t ) heating power input in second stage cyclic operation between minimum and W
mf j
full capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
P (t ) heating power input in variable operation between minimum and half W
mh j
capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
P (t ) non-frosting range heating minimum power input at outdoor temperature t W
min j j
P (7) heating minimum power input at H1 temperature condition W
min
P (−7) heating minimum power input at outdoor temperature −7 °C W
min
P (2) calculated heating minimum power input at outdoor temperature 2 °C W
min
Symbol Description Unit
P (t ) frosting range heating minimum power input at outdoor temperature t W
min, f j j
P (2) heating minimum power input at H2 temperature condition W
min, f
P (t ) make-up heating energy at outdoor temperature t Wh
RH j j
t general continuous outdoor temperature °C
t outdoor temperature corresponding to each temperature bin °C
j
t outdoor temperature when heating load is equal to non-frosting range heat- °C
a
ing full capacity
t outdoor temperature when heating load is equal to non-frosting range heat- °C
d
ing half capacity
t outdoor temperature when heating load is equal to frosting range heating °C
e
half capacity
t outdoor temperature when heating load is equal to frosting range heating °C
f
extended capacity
t outdoor temperature when heating load is equal to frosting range heating °C
g
full capacity
t outdoor temperature when heating load is equal to non-frosting range heat- °C
h
ing extended capacity
t outdoor temperature when heating load is equal to non-frosting range heat- °C
q
ing minimum capacity
t outdoor temperature when heating load is equal to frosting range heating °C
r
minimum capacity
X (t ) ratio of load to capacity at outdoor temperature t –
j j
ratio of excess capacity over load to capacity difference between full and
X (t ) –
fe j
extended capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
ratio of excess capacity over load to capacity difference between half and
X (t ) –
hf j
full capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
ratio of excess capacity over load to capacity difference between minimum
X (t ) –
mf j
and full capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
ratio of excess capacity over load to capacity difference between minimum
X (t ) –
mh j
and half capacity at outdoor temperature t
j
heating capacity calculated by equation of ϕ (t ) at continuous outdoor tem-
j
ϕ (t) W
perature t
ϕ (t ) heating capacity applicable to any capacity at outdoor temperature t W
j j
ϕ (t ) non-frosting range heating extended capacity at outdoor temperature t W
ext j j
ϕ (−7) heating extended capacity at outdoor temperature −7 °C W
ext
ϕ (2) calculated heating extended capacity at outdoor temperature 2 °C W
ext
ϕ (t ) frosting range heating extended capacity at outdoor temperature t W
ext, f j j
ϕ (2) frosting range heating extended capacity at H2 temperature condition W
ext, f
ϕ (t ) non-frosting range heating full capacity at outdoor temperature t W
ful j j
ϕ (7) heating full capacity at H1 temperature condition W
ful
ϕ (−7) heating full capacity at outdoor temperature −7 °C W
ful
ϕ (2) calculated heating full capacity at outdoor temperature 2 °C W
ful
ϕ (t ) frosting range heating full capacity at outdoor temperature t W
ful, f j j
ϕ (2) frosting range heating full capacity at H2 temperature condition W
ful, f
6 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Symbol Description Unit
ϕ (t ) non-frosting range heating half capacity at outdoor temperature t W
haf j j
ϕ (7) heating half capacity at H1 temperature condition W
haf
ϕ (−7) heating half capacity at outdoor temperature −7 °C W
haf
ϕ (2) calculated heating half capacity at outdoor temperature 2 °C W
haf
ϕ (t ) frosting range heating half capacity at outdoor temperature t W
haf, f j j
ϕ (2) frosting range heating half capacity at H2 temperature condition W
haf, f
ϕ (t ) non-frosting range heating minimum capacity at outdoor temperature t W
min j j
ϕ (7) heating minimum capacity at H1 temperature condition W
min
ϕ (−7) heating minimum capacity at outdoor temperature −7 °C W
min
ϕ (2) calculated heating minimum capacity at outdoor temperature 2 °C W
min
ϕ (t ) frosting range heating minimum capacity at outdoor temperature t W
min, f j j
ϕ (2) frosting range heating minimum capacity at H2 temperature condition W
min, f
5 Tests
5.1 General
These tests are additional to those in ISO 5151, ISO 13253 and ISO 15042.
The accuracy of the instruments used for tests shall conform to the test methods and uncertainties of
measurements specified in ISO 5151, ISO 13253 and ISO 15042.
5.2 Test conditions
Temperature and humidity conditions as well as default values for calculation shall be as specified in Table 1.
Table 1 — Temperature and humidity conditions and default values for heating
Two- Multi-
Test Characteristics Fixed Variable Default value
stage stage
Full capacity ϕ (7) (W)
ful
Standard heating
∎ ∎ ∎ ∎
capacity
Full power input P (7) (W)
ful
Indoor DB 20°C
Half capacity ϕ (7) (W)
haf
— — ∎ ∎
WB 15 °C Max.
Half power input P (7) (W)
haf
Outdoor DB 7°C
Minimum capacity ϕ (7) (W)
min
— ∎ ○ ○
WB 6°C
Minimum power input P (7) (W)
min
Extended capacity ϕ (2) (W)
ext,f
a a
— — ∎ ∎
Extended power input P (2) (W)
ext,f
Calculated extended capacity ϕ (2) (W) 1,12ϕ (2)
ext ext,f
Low temperature
b b
— —
heating capacity
Calcul’d extended power input P (2) (W) 1,06P (2)
ext ext,f
Indoor DB 20°C
d
Full capacity ϕ (2) (W) ϕ (2)/1,12
ful,f ful
c c ac ac
∎ ∎ ⎕ ⎕
WB 15°C Max.
d
Full power input P (2) (W) P (2)/1,06
ful,f ful
Outdoor DB 2°C
d
Half capacity ϕ (2) (W) ϕ (2)/1,12
haf,f haf
c c
— — ○ ○
WB 1°C
d
Half power input P (2) (W) P (2)/1,06
haf,f haf
d
Minimum capacity ϕ (2) (W) ϕ (2)/1,12
min,f min
c
— ○ — —
d
Minimum power input P (2) (W) P (2)/1,06
min,f min
Extended capacity ϕ (−7) (W) 0,734ϕ (2)
ext ext
— — ○ ○
Extended power input P (−7) (W) 0,877P (2)
ext ext
Extra-low tempera-
ture heating capacity
Full capacity ϕ (−7) (W) 0,64ϕ (7)
ful ful
○ ○ ○ ○
Indoor DB 20°C
Full power input P (−7) (W) 0,82P (7)
ful ful
WB 15°C Max.
Half capacity ϕ (−7) (W) 0,64ϕ (7)
haf haf
— — ○ ○
Outdoor DB −7°C
Half power input P (−7) (W) 0,82P (7)
haf haf
WB −8°C
Minimum capacity ϕ (−7) (W) 0,64ϕ (7)
min min
— — — —
Minimum power input P (−7) (W) 0,82P (7)
min min
Cyclic heating Full capacity ○ — — — 0,25
Indoor DB 20°C Half capacity — — ○ — 0,25
Degradation
coefficient
WB 15°C Max.
C
D
Outdoor DB 7°C Minimum capacity — ○ ○ — 0,25
WB 6°C
∎  required test.
○  optional test.
⎕  test required when there is not an extended mode.
a
When the equipment has an extended mode, low temperature extended capacity measurement is mandatory and low
temperature full capacity measurement is optional. When the equipment has not an extended mode, low temperature full
capacity measurement is mandatory.
b
This value shall be calculated using default value.
c
When this value is measured, ϕ (2) and/or P (2) shall not be calculated from this value, but the equations in footnote d
x x
shall be used instead.
d
The following two equations apply to the full capacity, half capacity and minimum capacity data when ϕ (2) and P (2)
x,f x,f
are calculated:
φφ()77−−() P (7))(−−P 7)
xx x x
φφ()27=−()+ ×−()27()−=, PP()27()−+ ×−()27()−
xx xx
77−−() 77−−()
NOTE Voltage(s) and frequency(ies) shall be as given in the three referenced standards.
8 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

5.3 Test methods
5.3.1 Standard heating capacity tests
The standard heating capacity tests shall be conducted in accordance with Annex A of ISO 5151 and
Annex B of ISO 13253 and ISO 15042. The heating capacity and effective power input shall be measured
during the standard heating capacity tests.
The half capacity test shall be conducted at 50 % of full load operation. The test tolerance shall be ± 5 %
of full load capacity for continuously variable equipment. For multi-stage equipment, if 50 % capacity is
not achievable, then the test shall be conducted at the next step above 50 %.
The minimum capacity test shall be conducted at the lowest capacity control setting which allows
steady-state operation of the equipment at the given test conditions.
If the minimum capacity tests are conducted, but if the required uncertainty of measurement specified
in ISO 5151, ISO 13253 and ISO 15042 cannot be achieved, the alternative method of calculation shall be
used. (Refer to 6.6.4 and 6.7.4.)
The manufacturer shall provide information on how to set the capacity if requested by the testing
laboratories.
5.3.2 Low temperature heating capacity test
The low temperature heating capacity test shall be conducted at H2 condition in accordance with
Annex A of ISO 5151 and Annex B of ISO 13253 and ISO 15042. The heating capacity and effective power
input shall be measured during the low temperature heating capacity test.
The half capacity test shall be conducted at 50 % of full load operation. The test tolerance shall be ± 5 %
of full load capacity for continuously variable equipment. For multi-stage equipment, if 50 % capacity is
not achievable, then the test shall be conducted at the next step above 50 %.
The minimum capacity test shall be conducted at the lowest capacity control setting which allows
steady-state operation of the equipment at the given test conditions.
If the minimum capacity tests are conducted, but if the required uncertainty of measurement specified
in ISO 5151, ISO 13253 and ISO 15042 cannot be achieved, the alternative method of calculation shall be
used. (Refer to 6.6.4 and 6.7.4.)
The manufacturer shall provide information on how to set the capacity if requested by the testing
laboratories.
5.3.3 Extra-low temperature heating capacity test
The extra-low temperature heating capacity test shall be conducted at H3 condition in accordance
with Annex A of ISO 5151 and Annex B of ISO 13253 and ISO 15042. The heating capacity and effective
power input shall be measured during the extra-low temperature heating capacity test. If the test is not
conducted, default values as given in Table 1 shall be used.
The half capacity test shall be conducted at 50 % of full load operation. The test tolerance shall be ± 5 %
of full load capacity for continuously variable equipment. For multi-stage equipment, if 50 % capacity is
not achievable, then the test shall be conducted at the next step above 50 %.
The manufacturer shall provide information on how to set the capacity if requested by the testing
laboratories.
5.3.4 Cyclic heating test
The cyclic heating test shall be conducted in accordance with Annex C. If the test is not conducted,
default values as given in Table 1 shall be used.
6 Calculations
6.1 Heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF) and total heating seasonal perfor-
mance factor (THSPF)
Heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF), F , of the equipment shall be calculated by Formula (1).
HSP
L
HST
F = (1)
HSP
C
HSE
In case of calculating the total heating seasonal performance factor (THSPF), refer to Annex B.
6.2 Defined heating load
The defined heating load shall be represented by a value and the assumption that it is linearly changing
depending on the change in outdoor temperature.
Defined heating load which shall be used is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 — Defined heating load
Parameter Load zero (0) Load 100 %
Heating load (W) 0 0,82 × ϕ (H1)
ful
Temperature(°C) t t
0 100
where t is the outdoor temperature at 100 % load and t is the outdoor temperature at 0 % load.
100 0
Reference values of defined heating load to be used shall be as follows:
t = 17 °C and t = 0 °C
0 100
In case of setting other heating load, refer to the setting method as described in Annex D.
Defined heating load L (t ) at outdoor temperature t , which is necessary to calculate heating seasonal
h j j
performance factor, shall be determined by Formula (2).
φ ()tt×−()t
ful 100 0 j
Lt()= (2)
h j
()tt−
0 100
where ϕ (t ) is the heating capacity at t at full-load operating conditions.
ful 100 100
Ratio of the heating operational capacity at 0 °C in non-frosting condition to the standard heating
capacity at 7 °C is assumed to be 0,82.
6.3 Outdoor temperature bin distribution for heating
Value of outdoor temperature and bin hours differ from region to region. If bin hours is set to a certain value
for a certain region, the integrated value of heating load and electric energy consumption can be determined.
Table 3 shows the reference outdoor temperature bin distribution.
10 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Table 3 — Reference outdoor temperature bin distribution for heating
Bin number j 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Outdoor tem- -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
perature t °C
j
Fractional bin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,001 0,005 0,012 0,024 0,042
hours
Bin hours n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
j 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Reference bin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 15 33 68 119
hours (n ) h
j
Bin number j 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Total
Outdoor tem- 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
perature t °C
j
Fractional bin 0,059 0,070 0,082 0,087 0,091 0,092 0,091 0,085 0,075 0,067 0,053 0,038 0,027
hours
Bin hours n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
j 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Reference bin 169 200 234 250 260 265 260 245 215 192 151 110 76 2 866
hours (n ) h
j
Bin hours of each outdoor temperature may be calculated by multiplying the fractional bin hours by the
total annual heating hours if the fractional bin hours are applicable.
In case of setting other outdoor temperature bin distribution, refer to the setting method as described
in Annex D.
6.4 Heating seasonal characteristics of fixed capacity units
Operational performance at each test, which is necessary to calculate the heating seasonal performance
factor, shall be in accordance with Table 1.
6.4.1 Capacity characteristics against outdoor temperature
Frosting occurs in a range of outdoor temperature from 5,5 °C to −7 °C. It is assumed that decrease rates
in heating capacity and electric power input due to defrost operation are the biggest when operated at
5,5 °C, then become smaller as outdoor temperature goes down, and reach zero (0) at −7 °C.
a) In case that outdoor temperature is in non-frosting temperature range (t ≤ −7°C or 5,5°C ≤ t ):
j j
Capacity ϕ (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating at outdoor temperature t
ful j j
shall linearly change depending on outdoor temperatures in the non-frosting temperature range, as
shown in Figure A.1 in Annex A, and be determined by Formula (3).
φφ()77−−()
fulful
φφ()tt=−()7 + ×−()−7 (3)
()
fulj ful j
77−−()
b) In case that outdoor temperature is in frosting temperature range (−7°C < t < 5,5°C):
j
Capacity ϕ (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating at outdoor temperature
ful,f j
t shall linearly change depending on outdoor temperatures in the frosting temperature range, as
j
shown in Figure A.1 in Annex A, and be determined by Formula (4).
φφ()27−−()
ful,fful
φφ()tt=−()7 + ×−()−7 (4)
()
ful,fj ful j
27−−()
6.4.2 Power input characteristics against outdoor temperature
a) Electric power input P (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating at outdoor
ful j
temperature t shall linearly change depending on outdoor temperatures in the non-frosting
j
temperature range, as shown in Figure A.1 in Annex A, and be determined by Formula (5).
PP()77−−()
fulful
Pt()=−P ()7 + ×−t ()−7 (5)
()
fulj ful j
7−−()7
b) Electric power input P (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating at outdoor
ful, f j
temperature t shall linearly change depending on outdoor temperatures in the frosting temperature
j
range, as shown in Figure A.1 in Annex A, and be determined by Formula (6).
PP()27−−()
ful,fful
Pt()=−P ()7 + ×−t ()−7 (6)
()
ful,fj ful j
27−−()
6.4.3 Calculation of heating seasonal total load (HSTL)
Heating seasonal total load (HSTL), L , shall be calculated by Formula (7).
HST
n
LL=×()tn (7)
HST h jj
∑
j=1
6.4.4 Calculation of heating seasonal energy consumption (HSEC)
Heating seasonal energy consumption (HSEC), C
, shall be determined using Formula (8) from the
HSE
total sum of heating energy consumption at each outdoor temperature t .
j
nn
Xt()××Pt() n
jj j
C = +×Pt() n (8)
HSE ∑∑ RH j j
Ft()
PL j
j==1 j 1
When load is rather large as compared to heating capacity, make-up heating by the electric heater
shall be added.
Operation factor X(t ) shall be calculated by Formula (9).
j
Lt()
h j
Xt()= (9)
j
φ()t
j
Part load factor (PLF), F (t ), shall be calculated by Formula (10) using degradation coefficient C .
PL j D
Ft =−11CX− t (10)
() ()()
PL jD j
When L (t ) > ϕ (t ), X (t ) = F (t ) = 1.
h j j j PL j
Make-up heat P (t ) shall be calculated by Formula (11).
RH j
Pt()=−Lt() φ()t (11)
RH jh jj
a) Non-frosting temperature range (t ≤ −7 °C or 5,5 °C ≤ t )
j j
1) Cyclic operation (L (t ) ≤ ϕ (t ))
h j ful j
P (t ) = 0
RH j
ϕ (t ) = ϕ (t ) in Formula (9)
j ful j
P(t ) = P (t ).
j ful j
2) Full capacity operation (L (t ) > ϕ (t ))
h j ful j
12 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

X(t ) = F (t ) = 1
j PL j
ϕ (t ) = ϕ (t ) in Formula (11)
j ful j
P(t ) = P (t ).
j ful j
b) Frosting temperature range (−7 °C < t < 5,5 °C)
j
1) Cyclic operation (L (t ) ≤ ϕ (t ))
h j ful, f j
P (t ) = 0
RH j
ϕ (t ) = ϕ (t ) in Formula (9).
j ful, f j
P(t ) = P (t ).
j ful, f j
2) Full capacity operation (L (t ) > ϕ (t ))
h j ful, f j
X(t ) = F (t ) = 1
j PL j
ϕ (t ) = ϕ (t ) in Formula (11).
j ful j
P(t ) = P (t ).
j ful j
6.5 Heating seasonal characteristics of two-stage capacity units
Coefficients shown in Table 1 may be used for each characteristic.
6.5.1 Capacity characteristics against outdoor temperature
Capacities ϕ (t ) and ϕ (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating at outdoor
ful j min j
temperature t shall be determined by Formulae (3) and (12), respectively.
j
φφ()77−−()
minmin
φφ()tt=−()7 + ×−()−7 (12)
()
minj min j
7−−()7
Capacities ϕ (t ) and ϕ (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating at outdoor
ful,f j min,f j
temperature t shall be determined by Formulae (4) and (13), respectively.
j
φφ()27−−()
min,fmin
φφ()tt=−()7 + ×−()−7 (13)
()
min,fj min j
2−−()7
6.5.2 Power input characteristics against outdoor temperature
Electric power input P (t ) and P (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating at outdoor
ful j min j
temperature t shall be determined from Formulae (5) and (14), respectively.
j
PP()77−−()
minmin
Pt()=−P ()7 + ×−t ()−7 (14)
()
minj min j
77−−()
Electric power input P (t ) and P (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating at
ful,f j min,f j
outdoor temperature t shall be determined from Formulae (6) and (15), respectively.
j
PP()27−−()
min,fmin
Pt()=−P ()7 + ×−t ()−7 (15)
()
min,fj min j
27−−()
6.5.3 Calculation of heating seasonal total load (HSTL)
Heating seasonal total load (HSTL), L , shall be calculated by Formula (7).
HST
6.5.4 Calculation of heating seasonal energy consumption (HSEC)
Heating seasonal energy consumption (HSEC), C , shall be calculated by Formula (16).
HSE
nn n n
Xt()××Pt() n
jj j
C = +×Pt() nP+ (()tn×+ Pt()×n (16)
HSE ∑∑ mf jj ∑ ful jj ∑ RH j j
Ft()
PL j
j==1 j 11j= j=1
The relation of heating capacity characteristics and energy consumption characteristics to heating load
at outdoor temperature t is shown in Figure A.2 in Annex A.
j
a) Non-frosting temperature range (t ≤ −7 °C or 5,5 °C ≤ t )
j j
1) First stage cyclic operation (L (t ) ≤ ϕ (t ))
h j min j
P (t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = 0 in Formula (16).
mf j ful j RH j
ϕ(t ) = ϕ (t ) in Formula (9).
j min j
P(t ) = P (t ).
j min j
2) Second stage cyclic operation (ϕ (t ) < L (t ) ≤ ϕ (t ))
min j h j ful j
P(t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = 0 in Formula (16).
j ful j RH j
X(t ) = F (t ) = 1
j PL j
Pt()=×Xt() Pt()+−1 Xt() ×Pt() (17)
()
mf jjmf minj mf jful j
φ ()tL− ()t
fulj h j
Xt()= (18)
mf j
φφ()tt− ()
fulj minj
3) Full capacity operation (L (t ) > ϕ (t ))
h j ful j
P(t ) = P (t ) = 0
j mf j
X(t ) = F (t ) = 1
j PL j
ϕ(t ) = ϕ (t ) in Formula (11).
j ful j
P(t ) = P (t ).
j ful j
b) Frosting temperature range (−7 °C < t < 5,5 °C)
j
1) First stage cyclic operation (L (t ) ≤ ϕ (t ))
h j min, f j
P (t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = 0 in Formula (16).
mf j ful j RH j
ϕ(t ) = ϕ (t ) in Formula (9).
j min, f j
P(t ) = P (t ).
j min, f j
2) Second stage cyclic operation (ϕ (t ) < L (t ) ≤ ϕ (t ))
min, f j h j ful,f j
P(t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = 0 in Formula (16).
j ful j RH j
X(t ) = F (t ) = 1
j PL j
Pt()=×Xt() Pt()+−1 Xt() ×Pt() (19)
()
mf jjmf min,fmjjf ful, f j
φ ()tL− ()t
ful,fhjj
Xt()= (20)
mf j
φφ()tt− ()
ful,fmjjin,f
14 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

3) Full capacity operation (L (t ) > ϕ (t ))
h j ful, f j
P(t ) = P (t ) = 0
j mf j
X(t ) = F (t ) = 1
j PL j
ϕ(t ) = ϕ (t ) in Formula (11).
j ful, f j
P (t ) = P (t )
ful j ful, f j
6.6 Heating seasonal characteristics of multi-stage capacity units
6.6.1 Capacity characteristics against outdoor temperature
Capacities ϕ (t ), ϕ (t ), ϕ (t ) and ϕ (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating at
ful j min j ext j haf j
outdoor temperature t shall be determined by Formulae (3), (12), (21) and (22), respectively.
j
φφ()27−−()
extext
φφ()tt=−()7 + ×−()−7 (21)
()
extj ext j
27−−()
φφ()77−−()
hafhaf
φφ()tt=−()7 + ×−()−7 (22)
()
hafj haf j
7−−()7
Capacities ϕ (t ), ϕ (t ), ϕ (t ) and ϕ (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for heating
ful,f j min,f j ext,f j haf,f j
at outdoor temperature t shall be determined by Formulae (4), (13), (23) and (24), respectively.
j
φφ()27−−()
ext,fext
φφ()tt=−()7 + ×−()−7 (23)
()
ext,fejjxt
27−−()
φφ()27−−()
haf,fhaf
φφ()tt=−()7 + ×−()−7 (24)
()
haf,fj haf j
2−−()7
6.6.2 Power input characteristics against outdoor temperature
Electric power input P (t ), P (t ), P (t ) and P (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated for
ful j min j ext j haf j
heating at outdoor temperature t shall be determined from Formulae (5), (14), (25) and (26), respectively.
j
PP()27−−()
extext
Pt()=−P ()7 + ×−t ()−7 (25)
()
extj ext j
27−−()
PP()77−−()
hafhaf
Pt()=−P ()7 + ×−t ()−7 (26)
()
hafj haf j
77−−()
Electric power input P (t ), P (t ), P (t ) and P (t ) (W) of the equipment when it is operated
ful,f j min,f j ext,f j haf,f j
for heating at outdoor temperature t shall be determined from Formulae (6), (15), (27) and (28),
j
respectively.
PP()27−−()
ext,fext
Pt()=−P ()7 + ×−t ()−7 (27)
()
ext,fj ext j
27−−()
PP()27−−()
haf,fhaf
Pt()=−P ()7 + ×−t ()−7 (28)
()
haf,fj haf j
27−−()
6.6.3 Calculation of heating seasonal total load (HSTL)
Heating seasonal total load (HSTL), L , shall be calculated by Formula (7).
HST
6.6.4 Calculation of heating seasonal energy consumption (HSEC)
When the minimum capacity data are available, then the heating seasonal energy consumption (HSEC),
C , shall be calculated by Formula (29).
HSE
Xt()××Pt() n
n n n n n n
jj j
C = ∑ +×∑ Pt() n + ∑ Pt()×n +×∑ Pt() n + ∑ P ()tn×+ ∑ Pt()×n (29)
HSE mh jj hf j jjjfe jjext jRHj j
Ft()
j=1 PL j j= 1 jj= 1 j= 11j= =1
When the minimum capacity data are not available, then the heating seasonal energy consumption
(HSEC), C , shall be calculated alternatively by Formula (30).
HSE
nnnnn
Xt()××Pt() n
jj j
C = +×Pt() nP+×()tn +×Pt() nP+×()tn (30)
HSE ∑∑∑∑hf jj fe j jjj∑ ext jRHj j
Ft()
PL j
j==1 jj==1 j 1 j=1 1
The relation of heating capacity characteristics and energy consumption characteristics to heating load
at outdoor temperature t is shown in Figure A.3 in Annex A.
j
6.6.4.1 In case of calculation using Formula (29)
a) Non-frosting temperature range (t ≤ −7 °C or 5,5 °C ≤ t )
j j
1) First stage cyclic operation (L (t ) ≤ ϕ (t ))
h j min j
P (t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = 0
mh j hf j fe j ext j RH j
ϕ(t ) = ϕ (t ) in Formula (9).
j min j
P(t ) = P (t ).
j min j
2) Second stage cyclic operation (ϕ (t ) < L (t ) ≤ ϕ (t ))
min j h j haf j
P(t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = 0
j hf j fe j ext j RH j
X(t ) = F (t ) = 1
j PL j
Pt()=×Xt() Pt()+−1 Xt() ×Pt() (31)
()
mh jjmh minj mh jhaf j
φ ()tL− ()t
hafj h j
Xt()= (32)
mh j
φφ()tt− ()
hafj minj
3) Third stage cyclic operation (ϕ (t ) < L (t ) ≤ ϕ (t ))
haf j h j ful j
P(t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = P (t ) = 0
j mh j fe j ext j RH j
X(t ) = F (t ) = 1
j PL j
Pt()=×Xt() Pt()+−1 Xt() ×Pt() (33)
()
hf jjhf hafj hf jful j
φ ()tL− ()t
fulj
...