ISO/TC 268 - Sustainable cities and communities

This document provides guidance on identifying risks that can hinder the proper functioning of smart community infrastructures in smart cities, in accordance with the ISO 37155 guideline series, and on implementing mitigation measures. The guidance is particularly for regulatory authorities at both national and community supervisory levels. Authorities can check that the adoption of appropriate measures and the assignment of specification requirements in each component of the system is ensures in the life cycle of smart community infrastructure. To accomplish this, the framework and perspectives on what (documents, sites, etc.) can be used to ensure accountability for the implementation and its adequacy are presented. The framework ensures the interactions of smart community infrastructures are managed by adequate specification requirements and the adoption of adequate measures for planning and operation, as described in ISO 37155-1. Additionally, it aims for consistency between different systems of smart community infrastructures by allocating specification requirements to each component of a system and validating the allocating procedures, as described in ISO 37155-2. NOTE This document describes a management case (not a management system), i.e. specific processes that an organization follows to meet specific objectives of this document.

This document aims at achieving sustainability goals of the local community. It applies to the digital governance part of the mobility system of a city engaged in sustainability. This document applies to the digital governance part of the mobility system of a city committed to sustainability. It aims at achieving sustainability goals of the local community. It targets urban mobility and its connections with intercity and other long-distance transport solutions. It applies to the mobility of people and goods. An urban mobility system is a system of transport systems which: — contributes to the dimensioning and governance of mobility as a whole; — contributes to transport solutions: orchestrated, on demand, shared or not; — provides mobility services.

This document establishes a basic role model, as a common platform for smart city instantiation, of smart city automated mobility services. It provides a paradigm describing: a) a framework architecture for the provision of an automated mobility service; b) a description of the concept of operations, and the role models; c) a conceptual architecture between actors involved in the provision/receipt of automated mobility service applications; d) references for the key documents on which the architecture is based; e) a taxonomy of the organization of generic procedures. In-vehicle control system is not in the scope of this document. The scope of this document is limited to automated mobility services using physical and digital infrastructure.

This document provides: — an appraisal framework for datasets and data processing methods that create and use urban management information derived from statistics, objectives, indicators and long-term goals for sustainable development of cities and communities; — numerous combinations of data sources and data processing methods, making it easier to create and maintain urban management information and get ready for value mining of big data within cities and communities; — approaches to appraise the necessary data to generate management information in an organization and how to classify them into different categories for regular review and update over time; — functional requirements to support the design, daily operation and management of information systems. This document is designed to be compatible with artificial intelligence (AI) systems. It helps cities and communities prepare for the application of AI in digital fields towards sustainable development. This includes the adoption of AI systems to process and analyse data collected from various sources. The goal is to identify and solve problems that cities and communities face to aid decision-making and achieve the six sustainability purposes as provided in ISO 37101, which align with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the long term. This document is in line with the delivery principles of a smart city provided by ISO 37106, including visionary, citizen-centric, digital, open and collaborative. This document is useful for support data and dataset management for standards on indicators for sustainable cities and communities developed by ISO/TC 268, but does not provide guidance on how to use those standards. Additionally, this document can be of use in research and educational activities.

This document specifies the principles and general requirements for the implementation of smart community infrastructures contributing to disaster risk reduction (DRR). It is intended to be used by stakeholders relevant to smart community infrastructures, including community managers, planners, funders, and providers or administrators of community infrastructure services who aim to reduce disaster risk and enhance the resilience of communities and their infrastructures.

This document specifies and establishes definitions and methodologies for a set of indicators to inform an environmental, social and governance (ESG) profile for cities.

This document provides guidance to community authorities on how to use smart technologies and smart ways of working to improve their ability to anticipate, manage and mitigate public-health emergencies (PHEs), including through transparent, interactive and citizen-centric communications with citizens. It does this by demonstrating how the principles and good practices for smart city operating models recommended in ISO 37106 can deliver improved outcomes in public-health emergency management (PHEM), at every stage of the command-and-control process for emergency management and incident response set out in ISO 22320. This document sets out recommendations for community authorities and provides tools that can be used to assess the maturity of community systems for smart PHEM. This document applies to all types of cities and communities that are willing to apply smart city operating models to respond to PHEs.

This document specifies principles and requirements for the definition, identification, optimization and harmonization of community infrastructure performance metrics. It provides recommendations for the analysis of community infrastructure, including availability, interoperability, synergy, resilience, safety, security and sustainability. Community infrastructure includes, but is not limited to, energy, water, transportation, waste and ICT. The principles and requirements of this document are applicable to communities of any size sharing geographic areas that are planning, commissioning, managing, and assessing, all or any element of its community infrastructure. However, the selection and the importance of metrics or (key) performance indicators of community infrastructures are a result of the application of this document and depends on the characteristics of each community. In this document, the concept of smartness is addressed in terms of performance relevant to technologically implementable solutions, in accordance with the sustainable development and resilience of communities. NOTE This document does not address measurement, reporting or verification. For possible deliverables related to this document, see ISO/TR 37150:2014, Clause 6. This document does not compare different communities, but allows communities to assess community infrastructure more effectively.

This document provides the basis, requirements and guidance for assessing the level of performance, process and interoperability of community infrastructure(s) as well as its contribution to the community using a CIMM. It also helps stakeholders set targets for improvement that will guide investment by identifying gaps in the current level of community infrastructure. This document is applicable to: a) all types of community infrastructure, including, but not limited to, energy, water, transportation, waste and ICT; b) single types of community infrastructure or multiple types of community infrastructure; c) all types of communities, regardless of geographical location, size, economic structure, or stage of economic development; d) all applicable stages of the infrastructure life cycle (e.g. planning, design, construction, operation and decommissioning). NOTE The use of natural systems, such as green infrastructure, is considered a type of infrastructure.

This document describes a maturity assessment model to evaluate the degree of responsiveness of the smart community infrastructure with different maturity levels. This document provides the assessment domain (e.g. governance infrastructure, health infrastructure), categories (e.g. availability, affordability, safety and security, quality of service), and the criteria of maturity levels to assess the responsiveness to promote the interaction between the residents and the community by satisfying residents’ needs. This document: — clarifies the assessment domain associated with residents’ needs in the community; — provides users with standardized assessment categories to measure the degree of responsiveness of the smart community infrastructure. This document is intended to be used by providers and operators of community infrastructure, community planners and government decision-makers. This document applies to all types of communities, regardless of their geographical location and size.

This document specifies requirements and recommendations for the operation and maintenance of utility tunnels in terms of application, safety, energy conservation, advanced technology and economic rationality. This document aims to ensure the sustainable development as well as safe and stable operation and maintenance of utility tunnels. This document is applicable to communities of any size that have utility tunnels.

This document provides guidance for a more flexible implementation of ISO 37101. This can be appropriate for smaller urban settlements or those dominated by a specialised function. Others can be starting on their journey of maturing sustainability from a very low-level base, or aim to explore sustainable development in a gradual, phased way due to limited resources. Some will want to rapidly initiate action that will have an immediate impact to demonstrate value and stimulate wider support. It provides practical toolkits to achieve implementation (e.g. policies and economic incentives, technical tools, and self-assessment checklists). This document applies to urban settlements of any composition and type.

This document provides guidance on how to use and implement ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123. ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 specify definitions and methodologies for a set of indicators to steer and measure the performance of city services as well as quality of life, smart city development and resilience planning. ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 supports cities in achieving their goals towards sustainable development and includes indicators for measuring smart city development and risk assessments for building smart, resilient and sustainable cities.

This document identifies good practice case studies of smart city responses to COVID-19 through the use of smart technologies, smart data, smart decision-making and smart ways of working. In particular, it aims to demonstrate how the principles for smart city operating models recommended in ISO 37106 can deliver improved outcomes in public-health emergency management (PHEM), at every stage of the command-and-control process for emergency management and incident response set out in ISO 22320. This document is intended to inform ISO 37113, which recommends a framework of good practices that can be used in responding to future public-health emergencies.

This document provides guidance for developing, implementing and maintaining seismometer systems as a part of the infrastructure for disaster risk reduction in smart communities. The seismometer systems in this document can be used for the observation of seismic activity, such as earthquakes, micro-seismic motion and volcanic tremors, especially in seismically active areas. This document gives examples of how different types of seismometers can fulfil the needs and expectations of users and help planners, developers and community operators to effectively use seismometers and related data for disaster risk reduction. This document is not applicable to the following: — drop-ball type and pendulum type seismometers; — how to design and develop seismometer systems (e.g. seismometers installed in railway systems). The features of the seismometer systems in this document are not intended for the measurement of vibrations caused by landslides.

This document compiles use cases for the implementation of sustainable mobility services. The collected data will be analysed to identify issues for international standardization. This document focuses on use cases that aim to implement sustainable transport services. The use cases considered are at the city scale or metropolitan scale, aligned with the scope of smart cities and communities. The use cases encompass land transport, water transport, and air transport for both passengers and freight. Ideas related to connection and integration, including demand-side, supply-side, and policy framework aspects, are included.

This document specifies a procedure to arrange smart transportation for newly developing areas, including transportation services between the developing area and existing city centres. This document does not designate procedures for constructing smart transportation facilities.

This document describes the concept of smart transportation by facial recognition payment (f-payment) and how this means of payment improves the transportation experience for city inhabitants and visitors who agree to use their biometric data.

This document provides guidance for the development of smart building information systems as part of the infrastructure of smart communities. It does not include civil engineering and construction processes.

This document examines the lamppost network as an important smart community infrastructure from the perspective of data exchange and sharing, guided by ISO 37156 and ISO 37170.

This document provides: — a framework for transportation services using 5G communication by providing meshes; — a description on expanding the service coverage of 5G backbone networks for transportation and mobility by applying meshes created in transportation facilities, vehicles and service dispatches; — a service framework using infrastructure, vehicles and mobility service providers; — a description on the effective transportation service for sustainable cities and communities.

This document provides recommendations and requirements to project developers, decision-makers and managers responsible for authorising, promoting, financing, planning, designing, procuring, managing, reviewing and implementing a project or programme. The recommendations and requirements aim to ensure that a project or programme adds value by aligning its development and implementation with a community’s own or externally directed sustainability strategies and objectives and the requirements of ISO 37101. This document supports both a top-down approach, where the community has implemented ISO 37101 and expects the developers to meet the standard’s requirements, as well as a bottom-up approach, where the developer wants to meet the ISO 37101 framework principles whether the community has or has not implemented the standard. In both situations, it is recognised that implementing this document ensures that the project will contribute holistically to the sustainability of the community. This document: — recognises that there are several types of communities and stakeholder organisations that are charged with implementing ISO 37101; — offers practical guidelines to all types of developers on initiating, planning, implementing, monitoring, managing and continually improving sustainable development activities for a specific project or programme at all its stages in a way that is both inclusive and holistic and in accordance with ISO 37101; — in referencing the six sustainable development goals (SDGs) of ISO 37101, establishes a framework for the evaluation of the relevance of a project or programme in the context of the sustainable development of a community, the community’s strategy and objectives, its management capacity, and its management systems for quality, the environment, health and safety, and governance; — supports mainstreaming the actions and interactions of a multitude of independent decision makers to enhance the global impact on sustainable urban development that results from a wide variety of urban strategies, plans and programmes.

This document provides a framework for the application of digital technologies in smart community infrastructures to improve the capacity of digital governance of infrastructure. This framework is applicable to infrastructure governance in smart cities and is intended to be a basic data framework for infrastructure governance. It can establish the basis for future standardization of smart city infrastructures and can be further applied in other aspects of city management.

This document provides a framework for data exchange and sharing based on geographic information for smart community infrastructures, along with specific application scenarios.

This document provides guidance on how to implement and maintain a management system for sustainable development in cities and communities according to ISO 37101 in the context of a business district. This document defines the business district and presents the procedure to follow to establish and implement a sustainable development policy and continuous improvement initiative for the duration of the business district’s lifecycle. This document identifies the general principles of sustainable development management and how to apply them in a business district, within both new developments and in operations to upgrade and renovate existing ones. It relates to all interested parties and all stages of the business district lifecycle, including planning, design, construction, operation, maintenance and renovation. This document is intended to serve as the basis for assessing and improving economic, social, environmental, infrastructure, and governance outcomes and to provide guidance for conducting comparative analyses for business districts.

This document identifies existing global smart community infrastructures that enhance disaster risk reduction, the key purposes served by these global examples, gaps in coverage, and the need for standardization activities, which establishes the basis for the next steps for standardization. This document is intended to be a basis for the future standardization of smart community infrastructures for disaster risk reduction through the identification of areas for potential standardization. This includes, but is not limited to, infrastructures related to energy, waste and water, transportation, information and communication technologies (ICT), and the general built environment. It does not address specifications or requirements already covered by other relevant international standards. This document primarily addresses disasters caused by natural hazards, such as geological and hydrometeorological hazards, and does not focus on human-induced disasters such as terrorism or biological hazards such as pandemics.

This document describes criteria to organize smart transportation to save fuel in bus transportation services where the reduction of energy consumption is intended. Smart transportation aims not only at fuel efficiency, but at pollutant emission reduction for engine driven buses, as well as the financial stabilization of bus transportation services for citizens and city visitors.

This document provides an overview and general principles, including requirements and recommendations, for open data management for sustainable cities and communities. It is intended to be used as a base document for open data management framework standards.

This document describes the concept and goals of smart transportation by autonomous vehicles on public roads. It provides guidelines for the successful introduction and organisation of autonomous vehicles, with the aim of enhancing the safety of public road transportation and addressing the challenges to cities such as an aging population and diverse travel demands. This document focuses on the deployment of autonomous vehicles as an operational system for actual use on public roads. This document is intended for those in academia, autonomous vehicle developers, policy makers, research institutions, road infrastructure operators, public road administrators, testing inspection and certification bodies, and vehicle manufacturers. NOTE 1 This document targets autonomous vehicle services except on-demand responsive services with shared vehicles. For on-demand responsive passenger services with shared vehicles, see ISO 37168. NOTE 2 A bus vehicle is shared by different passenger groups and can be chartered. A taxi vehicle is hired and can, if local regulations permit, be shared by different passenger groups.

This document provides guidance on the staged implementation of Electric, Connected and Autonomous Vehicle (eCAV) passenger and delivery services, with a special focus on on-demand responsive passenger services with shared vehicles. This document aims to accelerate innovation and deliver smart transportation by eCAV, in and between cities. Note 1 to entry: This document does not designate the technical details of eCAVs, including pods, which are Low-Speed Autonomous Transport System (L-SAT) vehicles. These technical details are provided by ISO 22737. Note 2 to entry: This document targets on-demand responsive passenger services with shared vehicles. ISO 37181 also mentions the advantages of eCAV applications to public transportation.

This document establishes a data framework that involves possible multi-source common data through standardized data integration and sharing mechanisms. It includes recommendations for: — precision, dimensions of the data, data collection, updates and storing mechanisms; — a data model for data integration, data standardization and data fusion approaches for heterogeneous smart city infrastructure data; — a data security level and sharable attributes for all involved data, principles on data sharing or exchange. This document focuses on the integration and application of heterogeneous data from urban infrastructure systems, such as water, transport, energy, drainage and waste, so as to support smart city planning (SCP). It contains case studies, in Annex A, of various smart city projects.

This document gives guidance for leaders in smart cities and communities (from the public, private and voluntary sectors) on how to develop an open, collaborative, citizen-centric and digitally-enabled operating model for their city that puts its vision for a sustainable future into operation. This document does not describe a one-size-fits-all model for the future of cities. Rather, the focus is on the enabling processes by which innovative use of technology and data, coupled with organizational change, can help each city deliver its own specific vision for a sustainable future in more efficient, effective and agile ways. This document provides proven tools that cities can deploy when operationalizing the vision, strategy and policy agenda they have developed following the adoption of ISO 37101, the management system for sustainable development of communities. It can also be used, either in whole or in part, by cities that have not committed to deployment of the ISO 37101 management system.

This document specifies a procedure for run-through train operations, identified as smart transportation. This concept provides direct, one-seat ride services in high quality corridors connecting cities and transportation hubs without forcing transfers. Improved operations planning, greater use of interchange or rental use arrangements are described so that these services can be implemented without constructing major infrastructure improvements in existing transportation corridors and right-of-way. This document also describes the application of run-through operation in bus services that are strictly licensed to bus carriers using public roads, ending the inconvenience of forcing passenger transfers between routes or service territories. NOTE Smart transportation by run-through operation is applicable to other transportation modes besides rail and bus services, if applied in services operated in the same mode. Refer to ISO 37154 for applicable transportation modes.

This document provides guidance on transportation and its related or additional services using quick response (QR) codes for identification and authentication in data transfer, in order to make their services both convenient and advantageous for customers and service agents while protecting them from cheating and illegal action in data transfer.

This document describes how to organize smart transportation to save energy consumed in operation, by modifying speed profiles of trains, buses, trucks and ferries, which is also able to offer passenger-friendly driving of transportation vehicles.

This document specifies a procedure to introduce smart transportation into cities by means of fuel cell light rail transit (FC-LRT). This service contributes to a cleaner atmosphere, with zero emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and small particles, an urban view free of catenaries and easy installation of LRT transportation operations, providing safe and comfortable rides for citizens.

This document describes the interactions of smart community infrastructures (interactions between multiple infrastructures, between infrastructures and stakeholders, and between infrastructures and the external environment). It describes the framework (a set of processes and methodologies) for these interactions to ensure the consistency of smart community infrastructures is well identified and managed. There are two potential use cases for this document. The first is for the green field site, where all the smart community infrastructures can be designed and developed at the same time. This is of value to planners and investors of major new infrastructure developments. The second is for the brown field site and builds on the first and will support efficient management of an existing urban area by taking into account the increasing interdependencies of the infrastructures on each other and the way they should be managed as a system of systems. This document will also take into account accelerating technological and environmental changes. Since this framework aims to ensure the consistency among different systems consisting of smart community infrastructures, the scope of this document does not overlap with any existing works that are developed or being developed at the existing TCs addressing issues at individual infrastructure level. NOTE This document describes a management case (not a management system), i.e. specific processes that an organization needs to follow in order to meet specific objectives of this document.

This document provides guidance on how to organize and implement smart transportation by digitally processed payment (d-payment) in order to provide a safe, convenient payment method for citizens and city visitors in transportation and its related or additional services. This will additionally benefit operators managing fee receipt in transportation services and money transfer or transactions between these business operators and banks or settlement organizations. Smart transportation by d-payment is not intended to eliminate cash payment from transportation services but is helpful in organizing inter-operator, city, regional and national common ticket networks and providing trading services independent of local currencies.

This document specifies procedures for installing and organizing smart transportation for parking lot allocation for drivers in cities. It is intended to apply to cities, especially those having a shortage or low availability of parking lots. This smart transportation aims to provide a solution to the city issue of drivers having difficulty in quickly finding parking lots with available spaces. It also aims to address other city issues such as traffic accidents, congestion and energy consumption. This document clarifies the concept and goals of smart transportation by referring to the technical aspects suggested by ITU-T Y.4456[6].

This document provides information on the results of pilot city testing of several ISO smart community infrastructures standards.

This document specifies methods for measuring the quality of thermal power infrastructure (QTPI) during the operational phase and requirements for operations and management activities. It is intended for use by electric power providers, including public utilities and independent power producers (hereinafter collectively referred to as power plant operators), as well as relevant stakeholders that intend to maintain and improve QTPI. NOTE The selection and importance of evaluation indicators resulting from the implementation of this document can vary depending on the characteristics of the power plant operator.

This document provides guidance on reducing the energy consumed by transportation for passengers, delivery items, freight and postal item services in cities and city zones. This document does not designate specific procedures to save energy but suggests energy-saving options to be adopted in transportation systems normally organized in different locations, on different scales and for different purposes. NOTE Some typical energy-saving options are listed in 6.2.2.

This document gives guidelines on principles and the framework to use for data exchange and sharing for entities with the authority to develop and operate community infrastructure. The guidelines in this document are applicable to communities of any size that are engaged in data exchange and sharing. The specific practices of data exchange and sharing of community infrastructures will depend on the characteristics of each community. NOTE 1 The concept of smartness is addressed in terms of data exchange and sharing, in accordance with sustainable development and resilience of communities as defined in ISO 37100. NOTE 2 Annex A outlines useful case studies of data exchange and sharing for community infrastructure.

This document describes a framework (a set of processes and methodologies) for smart community infrastructure interactions (interactions between multiple infrastructures, between infrastructures and stakeholders, and between infrastructures and the external environment) to ensure that such interactions are well identified and managed. There are two potential use cases for this document. The first is for green field sites, where all the smart community infrastructures can be designed and developed at the same time. This is of value to planners and investors of major new infrastructure developments. The second builds on the first and will support efficient management of an existing urban area by taking into account the increasing interdependencies of the infrastructures on each other and the way they should be managed as a system of systems. This document will also take into account accelerating technological and environmental changes. Since this framework is concerned with ensuring the consistency of different systems consisting of smart community infrastructures, the scope does not overlap with any existing work or deliverables that have been or are being developed by existing TCs addressing issues at individual infrastructure level. NOTE This document describes a management case (not a management system), i.e. specific processes that an organization needs to follow in order to meet specific objectives of this document.

This document defines and establishes definitions and methodologies for a set of indicators on resilience in cities. This document is applicable to any city, municipality or local government that undertakes to measure its performance in a comparable and verifiable manner, irrespective of size or location. Maintaining, enhancing and accelerating progress towards improved city services and quality of life is fundamental to the definition of a resilient city, so this document is intended to be implemented in conjunction with ISO 37120. This document follows the principles set out in ISO 37101, and can be used in conjunction with this and other strategic frameworks.

This document provides a top-level maturity model for smart sustainable communities (MMSSC), which can be used for self-assessment by individual cities and communities and as the basis for cross-city benchmarking. The MMSSC is a simple way for community leaders to assess how mature their community is in its journey towards adoption of good practices as set out in ISO standards for sustainable and smart-enabled development; to identify strengths and weaknesses; and then to quickly find their way to the international standards and guidance that are most relevant to their needs.

This document specifies a descriptive framework for a city including an associated foundational ontology of the anatomical structure of a city or community. The descriptive framework is intended to have the following qualities: — timeless, i.e. compatible with any human settlement at any time in history; — acultural, i.e. valid for any culture and any type of city; — scalable, i.e. valid for a metropolis, a city, a small town or a village; — generic, so that everything we could define as a "human settlement", such as a "smart city", has a place in this structure.

This document specifies a procedure for the introduction of smart transportation to city centres by means of battery-powered buses. This service contributes to a clean atmosphere and a relatively quiet environment while offering services that provide safe and comfortable rides for citizens.

This document specifies a procedure to organize smart transportation that enables one-day trips by citizens between cities and in a large city zone, including its surrounding areas, and conveys a large number of people at a high frequency in a short time over distances of up to 1 000 km. Smart transportation aims to promote political and economic work and stimulate business activity by providing citizens with a manner of travel to complete a return trip from their home or place of work to destinations outside their cities on the same day. However, this document does not designate a procedure for constructing smart transportation facilities. NOTE "One-day trip" means travel from an origin to a destination and back to the origin on the same day. The purpose of such travel is out of the scope of this document.