ISO 37124:2024

International
Standard
ISO 37124
First edition
Sustainable cities and
2024-04
communities — Guidance on the
use of ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and
ISO 37123
Reference number
© ISO 2024
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Guidance for implementing ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 . 1
4.1 General .1
4.2 Sources of data for indicators in ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 .2
5 Guidance for implementing ISO 37120 . 2
5.1 General .2
5.2 Indicators for performance management.3
5.3 Indicators for benchmarking and comparison .3
5.4 Indicators for building high caliber data sets .3
5.5 Indicators for policy development, economic development planning, and priority setting .3
5.6 Indicators for responding to global climate challenges, health events, and demographic
change. .3
5.7 Criteria for selecting indicators .4
5.8 Data interpretation .5
6 Guidance for implementing ISO 37122 . 6
6.1 General .6
6.2 How to use ISO 37122 indicators .6
6.3 Guidance on how to use ISO 37122 in conjunction with ISO 37120 .7
7 Guidance for implementing ISO 37123 . 7
7.1 General .7
7.2 Guidance on how to use ISO 37123 in conjunction with ISO 37120 .8
8 Guidance on how to use ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 in parallel across the 19
themes . 8
9 How to use ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 to monitor progress on the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) .21
Bibliography .23

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
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with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
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related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 268, Sustainable cities and communities.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
Cities need indicators to measure their performance in the delivery of services, to monitor quality of life,
and in order to create policies for sustainable futures. Existing indicators at the local level are often not
standardized, consistent, or comparable over time or across cities. This is due to different definitions and
methodologies in what is measured. ISO/TC 268 has developed a series of standards for standardizing city
indicators, including ISO 37120 (indicators for sustainable cities), ISO 37122 (indicators for smart cities),
and ISO 37123 (indicators for resilient cities). ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 focus on city services
and quality of life, smart city development and resilience planning as a contribution to a city's overall
sustainability. This document provides guidance for users to implement ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123.
ISO 37120 has quickly become the international reference for sustainable cities. With increased use of
ISO 37120, ISO/TC 268 has identified the need for additional indicators for smart cities and resilient cities.
This demand for additional indicators led to the development of ISO 37122 on indicators for smart cities and
ISO 37123 on indicators for resilient cities.
Both ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 are intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 37120. This guidance
document is intended to support cities in implementing ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123. ISO 37120 is
the core standard for sustainable cities. Cities conforming to ISO 37122 or ISO 37123 are intended to conform
to ISO 37120 first. ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 were developed to support cities in their sustainability efforts
by including the critical agendas of the smart and resilient city as essential for holistic city sustainability.
ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 provide a holistic and integrated approach to sustainable development,
including a set of standardized indicators for a uniform approach to the collection and standardization of
city data, focussing on what is measured, and how that measurement is to be undertaken. The indicators
contained within ISO 37120, ISO 37122 or ISO 37123 do not provide a value judgement, threshold or
numerical target value.
The definition of cities as “[an] urban community falling under a specific administrative boundary” used
in ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 and this document, refers to the city administrative area. Using
the city's administrative boundary, comparative values worldwide are more easily standardized. Moreover,
cities report indicators in accordance with service delivery boundaries. This creates an opportunity to
gather a better understanding of the city services provided and a clearer measure of residents' quality of life
within a city’s administrative boundary.
ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 have been developed with cities of all sizes in mind. The standards can
be used by small and medium-sized cities, as well as large cities. ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 are
applicable to any city, municipality or local government that undertakes to measure its performance in a
comparable and verifiable manner, irrespective of size and location.
In particular, ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 and their indicators can be used for the implementation
of the following standards: ISO 37101, ISO 37104, ISO 37106, ISO/TS 37107, ISO/TS 37151, ISO 37153, and,
ISO 37156.
This guidance document will support users in implementing ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 on city
data by:
— providing an overview of the ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 standards;
— helping cities understand the importance of city indicators in supporting their sustainability efforts;
— providing guidance on how to use ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 together for city indicators;
— showcasing international efforts and examples of how cities have implemented ISO 37120, ISO 37122
and ISO 37123.
The structure of ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 reflects the relationship between sustainable, resilient,
and smart development (see Figure 1).

v
Figure 1 — Relationship between ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 — Indicators for sustainable
development of cities
vi
International Standard ISO 37124:2024(en)
Sustainable cities and communities — Guidance on the use of
ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123
1 Scope
This document provides guidance on how to use and implement ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123.
ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 specify definitions and methodologies for a set of indicators to steer
and measure the performance of city services as well as quality of life, smart city development and resilience
planning. ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 supports cities in achieving their goals towards sustainable
development and includes indicators for measuring smart city development and risk assessments for
building smart, resilient and sustainable cities.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 37120:2018, Sustainable cities and communities — Indicators for city services and quality of life
ISO 37122:2019, Sustainable cities and communities — Indicators for smart cities
ISO 37123:2019, Sustainable cities and communities — Indicators for resilient cities
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Guidance for implementing ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123
4.1 General
ISO 37120 can be used on its own, while ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 are intended to be used together and in
conjunction with ISO 37120 to provide the most comprehensive overview of city services and quality of life.
In order to implement ISO 37122 or ISO 37123, ISO 37120 must be implemented.
ISO 37120 divides indicators into core and supporting indicators. Reporting core indicators is required by
ISO 37120, while reporting supporting indicators is recommended. ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 do not contain
core and supporting indicators. Users may select the indicators in ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 that are relevant
and appropriate to their needs.
ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 applies to cities of all sizes. Much of the data generated through the key
performance indicators are normalized by 1/100 000th of the population. This approach enables cities of
different sizes to benchmark and share lessons globally. In certain instances where countries have adopted
ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123, information representing 1/1 000th of the population is collected.

In those cases, a mathematical adjustment is necessary to reflect this difference in the resulting data. In
certain cases, using the 1/1 000th methodology can be more applicable for small cities.
4.2 Sources of data for indicators in ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123
Data for the indicators in ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 can be sourced from:
— city departments responsible for the specific services;
— national statistics bodies;
— sub-national or national ministries and departments;
— utilities and energy providers;
— NGOs and international organizations working on related measures;
— citizens;
— universities;
— other research bodies.
Indicators should be reported for the administrative boundary of the city, in order to ensure comparability
globally. If data are not available for the administrative boundary of the city, the next available level should
be reported (for example, from a county or regional level of government). This alternative boundary should
be documented. However, efforts should be made to disaggregate this data to the city's administrative
boundary and report this data accordingly in future years. A selection of indicators in ISO 37120, ISO 37122
and ISO 37123 can potentially be disaggregated for use in communities, business improvement areas and
other specially designated areas. However, most of the indicators are concerned with service delivery across
the city as a whole, and performance management by city administrations in that service delivery.
Some indicators, especially in ISO 37122, can require data from third-party technology and infrastructure
providers. Often, this data is not shared with cities; therefore, it is important for cities to establish
partnerships and open data protocols with third-party suppliers.
Data for many of the indicators in ISO 37123 can be sourced from international organizations with a specific
focus on city resilience. Some data can be available from sub-national or national emergency response
agencies, as well as international organizations that work on emergency response, such as the Red Cross.
Clauses 5, 6 and 7 provide guidance on the implementation of ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123
respectively.
5 Guidance for implementing ISO 37120
5.1 General
ISO 37120 is the first international standard published for cities (the first edition was published in 2014). It
specifies indicators to track and monitor the progress of city performance. When considering sustainable
development through the lens of a city, the entire urban ecosystem needs to be considered. Planning for
future needs should consider the current use and efficiency of resources to better plan for tomorrow.
The indicators and associated definitions and methodologies in ISO 37120 have been developed in order to
help cities:
a) measure the performance management of city services and quality of life over time;
b) build high caliber city-level data sets across cities and city departments;
c) exchange knowledge and best practices with peers globally through comparison across a wide range of
performance measures;
d) support data-informed policy development, economic development planning, and priority setting;
e) respond to global climate challenges, health events and demographic change.
5.2 Indicators for performance management
Indicators in ISO 37120 have been selected to assist cities in measuring the performance of city services
and quality of life. The indicators have been carefully selected based on the 19 city service themes outlined
in ISO 37120, as prioritized by cities. The indicators provide a baseline and can help cities to assess and
evaluate performance.
5.3 Indicators for benchmarking and comparison
Indicators in ISO 37120 can be used for benchmarking and comparison for learning and sharing across
cities. The standardized methodologies set out in ISO 37120 enable city-to-city comparison and city-to-city
exchange.
5.4 Indicators for building high caliber data sets
City data is often fragmented across city departments and embedded in different entities. Reporting
indicators that conform to ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 support cities in building high caliber data
sets across different city departments and administrative entities.
5.5 Indicators for policy development, economic development planning, and priority setting
The indicators in ISO 37120 can be used for policy development, economic development planning, and
priority setting. The indicators can be grouped and used to provide information on a particular topic,
or they can be used to support, for example, a strategic set of planning priorities established by a city’s
leadership. The data can be used to inform decision makers on pertinent issues and to help with future
planning. The indicators can be used in the city’s strategic plans to track progress on priorities and goals
set by the city council. Cities are able to cluster ISO 37120 indicators to build investment attractiveness and
inform economic development planning into the future.
5.6 Indicators for responding to global climate challenges, health events, and
demographic change.
The indicators in ISO 37120 can be used to respond to global climate challenges and help cities set targets
and measure progress on global climate goals. To enable better planning, a number of the indicators in
ISO 37120 support the measurement and tracking of environmental challenges and enable cities to monitor
changes in, for example:
— air quality;
— GHG emissions;
— energy consumption;
— automobile usage;
— spatial development patterns.
The indicators In ISO 37120 can be used for responding to global health events, such as pandemics. When
analysed together, the indicators can provide an overview of a city’s services and infrastructure in the event
of a local, national, or global health event. The indicators enable decision-makers to better understand the
state of infrastructure and services in order to better plan for local, national, or global health events.
For example, it is important for cities to identify the number of hospital beds per 100,000 population and to
know the number of hospital beds available in neighbouring cities. The number of hospital beds, the number
of physicians and nurses, as well as other health indicators and population and social condition indicators
provide an overview of the available services and infrastructure, as well as the needs and requirements of

the city population. Knowing city demographics (for example, the number and the percentage of the ageing
population) is especially important in planning for a sustainable response to a local, national, or global
health crisis. The indicators can also be used to assist cities with their recovery process from global health
events, for example, drawing on economic indicators for post-crisis recovery.
The indicators in ISO 37120 also enable cities to track demographic changes, for example with age cohorts
for young and ageing populations, to build data sets on growth, new immigrants and language diversity and
create data-informed responses to closely related changes in demand for housing and education.
5.7 Criteria for selecting indicators
Users should select the indicators that are most relevant to their needs. Indicators can be selected based on
the following:
— thematic groups:
— economy;
— education;
— energy;
— environment and climate change;
— finance;
— governance;
— health;
— housing;
— population and social conditions;
— recreation;
— safety;
— solid waste;
— sport and culture;
— telecommunication;
— transportation;
— urban/local agriculture and food security;
— urban planning;
— wastewater;
— water;
— priority policy areas for a city:
— health;
— economic development;
— infrastructure investment;
— smart systems;
— resilience;
— safety;
— sustainable development;
— attractiveness;
— preservation and improvement of environment;
— responsible resource use;
— social cohesion;
— well-being;
— peer groups:
— demographics;
— population;
— population density;
— city land area;
— country;
— region;
— climate type;
— country GDP per capita;
— gross operating budget;
— gross capital budget.
5.8 Data interpretation
Cities can analyse the indicators by themes, as defined in ISO 37120, or by specific policy areas based on the
needs of the cities:
— strategic planning;
— ageing cities;
— child-friendly cities;
— sustainable finance;
— economic development;
— investment attraction;
— planning for new infrastructure investments;
— sustainable cities;
— green cities;
— resilient cities;
— smart cities;
— national and global health planning;
— climate resiliency.
The themes in this document are organized according to city services and quality of life.
The indicators are intended to be used for informational purposes, focusing on analysis and benchmarking.
Cities do not always have direct influence or control over factors governing some of these indicators, but the
reporting is important for meaningful comparison and provides a general indication of service delivery and
quality of life within a city. As city governance is the closest level of government to citizens, this information
is important for transparency, planning, and engaging in conversations around service provision deficits
with higher orders of governments or private sector providers.
6 Guidance for implementing ISO 37122
6.1 General
ISO 37122 complements ISO 37120 and, when used in conjunction with it, establishes indicators with
definitions and methodologies to measure and consider aspects and practices that dramatically increase the
pace at which cities improve their social, economic and environmental sustainability outcomes through the
lens of the smart city. ISO 37122 also enables cities to analyse and understand specific needs for smart city
development, which better enables planning, the measurement of year-over-year progress and the informed
acquisition of smart city technologies and systems where necessary.
When used in conjunction with ISO 37120, ISO 37122 helps cities to identify indicators for applying city
management systems such as ISO 37101. ISO 37122, when used in conjunction with ISO 37120, supports
cities in establishing and implementing smart city policies, programs and projects to:
— respond to challenges, such as climate change, rapid population growth, local, national and global health
events and political and economic instability, by fundamentally improving how they affect society;
— apply collaborative leadership methods, inspiring work across disciplines and city systems;
— use data and modern technology to deliver better services and quality of life to those in the city (residents,
businesses, visitors);
— improve quality of life by ensuring that smart policies, practices and technology are used to improve
service delivery;
— achieve sustainability and environmental goals in a more innovative and measured way;
— identify the need for and benefits of smart infrastructure;
— facilitate innovation and growth;
— build a dynamic and innovative economy ready for the challenges of tomorrow;
— measure the performance of smart city developments and investments over time;
— support policy development and priority setting;
— learn from one city to another by allowing comparison across a wide range of performance measures,
and by sharing good practices.
Cities conforming to ISO 37122 must report at least 50 % of the ISO 37122 indicators as it is intended to be
used in conjunction with ISO 37120.
6.2 How to use ISO 37122 indicators
The indicators in ISO 37122 are flexible and can be used as part of any smart city framework. When
implementing ISO 37122, cities should select the relevant indicators for their smart city framework. The
indicators, when used together with ISO 37120, provide cities with an overview of services and quality of
life considerations that contribute to a smart city.

The indicators in ISO 37122 can also help cities measure a baseline to help identify smart city needs. The
data can inform the effectiveness of a smart city project or solution once it has been implemented. It can be
used to demonstrate the progress and benefits of smart city projects and solutions to city residents.
6.3 Guidance on how to use ISO 37122 in conjunction with ISO 37120
To conform to ISO 37122, users must also implement and conform to all of the requirements set out in
ISO 37120. Since no core or supporting indicators exist in ISO 37122, users may choose which indicators to
implement based on their smart city needs.
Once implemented, users can analyse the indicators from both ISO 37120 and ISO 37122 to provide
an overview and assessment of their smart city initiatives. When implemented together, the full suite of
indicators across the 19 themes consistent in ISO 37120 and ISO 37122 include 184 key performance
indicators. This data can be used to guide cities in implementing smart city solutions and projects and track
the progress and evaluation of such projects.
Users can implement and use ISO 37122 within any smart city framework.
7 Guidance for implementing ISO 37123
7.1 General
When ISO 37123 is used in conjunction with ISO 37120, it provides a set of indicators with standardized
definitions and methodologies relevant to a city’s resilience planning and assessment.
ISO 37123 focuses on city resilience. A resilient city is able to prepare for, recover from and adapt to shocks
and stresses. This also includes the community’s ability to adapt to a changing environment (see ISO 22316).
Cities are increasingly confronted by shocks, including extreme natural or human-made events which result
in loss of life and injury, as well as material, economic, and environmental losses or impacts or both. These
shocks can include floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, wildfires, pandemics, chemical spills and explosions,
terrorism, power outages, financial crises, cyber-attacks and conflicts, as well as national, local and global
health events. A resilient city is also able to manage and mitigate ongoing human and natural stresses that
cause persistent negative impacts in a city relating to:
a) environmental degradation (e.g. poor air and water quality);
b) social inequality (e.g. chronic poverty and housing shortages);
c) economic instability (e.g. rapid inflation and persistent unemployment).
A city’s preparedness can be characterized by developing a detailed understanding of the city's risks, taking
action to reduce vulnerability and exposure, and enhancing the awareness and participation of individuals,
households and businesses.
A resilient city can recover from shocks and stresses in a timely and efficient manner, focusing on ensuring
the continuity or rapid restoration of city services, such as electricity, water, telecommunications, waste
management, sanitation, food distribution, financial services, and access to emergency services.
A resilient city is also a city that understands the necessity to adapt its systems and processes to ensure
that they are as robust as possible in the face of shocks and stresses, enabling a plan to build back better
following extreme events while focusing on the goal of restoring and ensuring long-term prosperity.
Resilience is both a core component and an essential enabler of sustainable development. Resilience
measurement is a major contributor to the long-term sustainability of a city.
The indicators specified in ISO 37123 have been developed to help cities:
1) prepare for, recover from and adapt to shocks and stresses;
2) measure performance management in resilient city development over time;

3) support policy development and priority setting;
4) learn from one city to another by allowing comparison across a wide range of performance measures
and sharing good practices.
To conform to ISO 37123, cities must implement and conform to ISO 37120. The indicators from ISO 37123
and ISO 37120 provide a basis for understanding the needs of an individualized, city-wide resilience strategy,
better enabling planning toward becoming a resilient city. The indicators provide a holistic overview of a
city’s resilience and enable it to prepare for, recover from and adapt to shocks and stresses.
The indicators in ISO 37123 and ISO 37120 can be used with any resilience framework. They can also
provide a reference point for cities that do not have resilience frameworks and would like to implement
them. The data from ISO 37123 indicators can provide cities with a basic assessment of their resilience.
A city can then use this assessment to decide what is needed for further resilience planning. Once cities
have a baseline understanding of their resilience, they can determine what resilience framework they would
like to implement. The data from ISO 37123 can be used to implement this framework. For example, cities
successfully reporting indicators in conformity with ISO 37123 will fast-track a city to stage C as specified
[9]
in Making Cities Resilient 2030.
7.2 Guidance on how to use ISO 37123 in conjunction with ISO 37120
To conform to ISO 37123, users must also implement and conform to ISO 37120. Since no core or supporting
indicators exist in ISO 37123, users may choose which indicators to implement based on their resilience needs.
Once implemented, users may analyse indicators from both ISO 37120 and ISO 37123 to enable cities to
better prepare for, recover from and adapt to shocks and stresses. When implemented together, the full suite
of indicators across the 19 themes consistent in ISO 37120 and ISO 37123 includes 172 key performance
indicators. The indicators enable cities to understand each other’s resilience plans and learn from one
another.
The indicators can be used to track and monitor progress towards a resilient city using any resilience
framework.
City risk and hazard profiles can also provide information to support evidence-based investing.
8 Guidance on how to use ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 in parallel across the
19 themes
The indicators in ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 have been selected and developed according to
consistent themes, and these indicators can be used in parallel across the 19 themes shown in Tables 1 to 19.
For example, users interested in having a holistic overview of a city’s transportation system can analyse all
of the indicators under the transportation theme across ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123.
Once implemented, users can select indicators for analysis across various themes and topics. A list of
indicators across all themes from ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 is shown in Tables 1 to 19.

Table 1 — Economic indicators
ISO 37120:2018 ISO 37122:2019 ISO 37123:2019
(Sustainable cities) (Smart cities) (Resilient cities)
Subclause number Subclause number Subclause number
Economy
5.1 City’s unemployment rate (core 5.1 Percentage of service contracts 5.1 Historical disaster losses as a
indicator) providing city services which contain percentage of city product
an open data policy
5.2 Assessed value of commercial and 5.2 Average annual disaster loss as a
industrial properties as a percentage 5.2 Survival rate of new businesses percentage of city product
of total assessed value of all proper- per 100 000 population
5.3 Percentage of properties with
ties (supporting indicator)
5.3 Percentage of the labour force em- insurance coverage for high-risk
5.3 Percentage of persons in full-time ployed in occupations in the informa- hazards
employment (supporting indicator) tion and communications technology
5.4 Percentage of total insured value
(ICT) sector
5.4 Youth unemployment rate (sup- to total value at risk within the city
porting indicator) 5.4 Percentage of the labour force
5.5 Employment concentration
employed in occupations in the edu-
5.5 Number of businesses per
5.6 Percentage of the workforce in
cation and research and development
100 000 population (supporting
informal employment
sectors
indicator)
5.7 Average household disposable
5.6 Number of new patents per
income
100 000 population per year (sup-
porting indicator)
5.7 Annual number of visitor stays
(overnight) per 100 000 population
(supporting indicator)
5.8 Commercial air connectivity
(number of non-stop commercial air
destinations) (supporting indicator)
5.9 Economy profile indicators
5.9.1 Average household income (USD)
(profile indicator)
5.9.2 Annual inflation rate based on
the average of the past five years
(profile indicator)
5.9.3 City product per capita (USD)
(profile indicator)
Table 2 — Education indicators
ISO 37120:2018 ISO 37122:2019 ISO 37123:2019
(Sustainable cities) (Smart cities) (Resilient cities)
Subclause number Subclause number Subclause number
Education
6.1 Percentage of female school-aged 6.1 Percentage of city population with 6.1 Percentage of schools that teach
population enrolled in schools (core professional proficiency in more than emergency preparedness and disaster
indicator) one language risk reduction
6.2 Percentage of students complet- 6.2 Number of computers, laptops, 6.2 Percentage of population trained
ing primary education: survival rate tablets or other digital learning devic- in emergency preparedness and dis-
(core indicator) es available per 1 000 students aster risk reduction
6.3 Percentage of students completing 6.3 Number of science, technology, 6.3 Percentage of emergency pre-
secondary education: survival rate engineering and mathematics (STEM) paredness publications provided in
(core indicator) higher education degrees per 100 000 alternative languages
population
6.4 Primary education student-teach- 6.4 Educational disruption
er ratio (core indicator)
6.5 Percentage of school-aged popu-
lation enrolled in schools (supporting
indicator)
6.6 Number of higher education
degrees per 100 000 population (sup-
porting indicator)
Table 3 — Energy indicators
ISO 37120:2018 ISO 37122:2019 ISO 37123:2019
(Sustainable cities) (Smart cities) (Resilient cities)
Subclause number Subclause number Subclause number
Energy
7.1 Total end-use energy consumption 7.1 Percentage of electrical and ther- 7.1 Number of different electricity
per capita (GJ/year) (core indicator) mal energy produced from wastewa- sources providing at least 5 % of total
ter treatment, solid waste and other energy supply capacity
7.2 Percentage of total end-use energy
liquid waste treatment and other
derived from renewable sources (core 7.2 Electricity supply capacity as a
waste heat resources, as a share of
indicator) percentage of peak electricity de-
the city’s total energy mix for a given
mand
7.3 Percentage of city population with
year
authorized electrical service (residen- 7.3 Percentage of critical facilities
7.2 Electrical and thermal energy (GJ)
tial) (core indicator) served by off-grid energy services
produced from wastewater treatment
7.4 Number of gas distribution service
per capita per year
connections per 100 000 population
7.3 Electrical and thermal energy (GJ)
(residential) (core indicator)
produced from solid waste or other
7.5 Final energy consumption of pub-
liquid waste treatment per capita per
lic buildings per year (GJ/m2) (core
year
indicator)
7.4 Percentage of the city’s electricity
7.6 Electricity consumption of public
that is produced using decentralized
street lighting per kilometre of light-
electricity production systems
ed street (kWh/year) (supporting
7.5 Storage capacity of the city’s
indicator)
energy grid per total city energy
7.7 Average annual hours of electrical
consumption
service interruptions per household
7.6 Percentage of street lighting man-
(supporting indicator)
aged by a light performance manage-
7.8 Energy profile indicators
ment system
7.8.1 Heating degree days (profile
7.7 Percentage of street lighting that
indicator)
has been refurbished and newly
7.8.2 Cooling degree days (profile
installed
indicator)
7.8 Percentage of public buildings
requiring renovation/refurbishment
7.9 Percentage of buildings in the city
with smart energy meters
7.10 Number of electric vehicle charg-
ing stations per registered electric
vehicle
Table 4 — Environment and climate change indicators
ISO 37120:2018 ISO 37122:2019 ISO 37123:2019
(Sustainable cities) (Smart cities) (Resilient cities)
Subclause number Subclause number Subclause number
Environment and climate change
8.1 Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) 8.1 Percentage of buildings built or 8.1 Magnitude of urban heat island
concentration (core indicator) refurbished within the last 5 years effects (atmospheric)
in conformity with green building
8.2 Particulate matter (PM10) con- 8.2 Percentage of natural areas
principles
centration (core indicator) within the city that have undergone
8.2 Number of real-time remote ecological evaluation for their protec-
8.3 Greenhouse gas emissions
air quality monitoring stations per tive services
measured in tonnes per capita (core
square kilometre (km )
indicator) 8.3 Territory undergoing ecosystem
8.3 Percentage of public buildings restoration as a percentage of total
8.4 Percentage of areas designated
equipped for monitoring indoor air city area
for natural protection (supporting
quality
indicator) 8.4 Annual frequency of extreme
rainfall events
8.5 NO (nitrogen dioxide) concentra-
tion (supporting indicator) 8.5 Annual frequency of extreme heat
events
8.6 SO (sulphur dioxide) concentra-
tion (supporting indicator) 8.6 Annual frequency of extreme cold
events
8.7 O (ozone) concentration (sup-
porting indicator) 8.7 Annual frequency of flood events
8.8 Noise pollution (supporting indi- 8.8 Percentage of city land area cov-
cator) ered by tree canopy
8.9 Percentage change in number of 8.9 Percentage of city surface area
native species (supporting indicator) covered with high-albedo materials
contributing to the mitigation of
urban heat islands
Table 5 — Finance indicators
ISO 37120:2018 ISO 37122:2019 ISO 37123:2019
(Sustainable cities) (Smart cities) (Resilient cities)
Subclause number Subclause number Subclause number
Finance
9.1 Debt service ratio (debt service 9.1 Annual amount of revenues col- 9.1 Annual expenditure on upgrades
expenditure as a percentage of a city's lected from the sharing economy as a and maintenance of city service
own-source revenue) (core indicator) percentage of own-source revenue assets as a percentage of total city
budget
9.2 Capital spending as a percentage 9.2 Percentage of payments to the city
of total expenditures (core indicator) that are paid electronically based on 9.2 Annual expenditure on upgrades
electronic invoices and maintenance of storm water in-
9.3 Own-source revenue as a per-
frastructure as a percentage of total
centage of total revenues (supporting
city budget
indicator)
9.3 Annual expenditure allocated to
9.4 Tax collected as a percentage of
ecosystem restoration in the city’s
tax billed (supporting indicator)
territory as a percentage of total city
9.5 Finance
...