83.180 - Adhesives
ICS 83.180 Details
Adhesives
Klebstoffe
Adhésifs
Lepila
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 83.180 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Adhesives". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 1596 standards classified under ICS 83.180 (Adhesives). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies a laboratory method of determining the minimum pressing time for glue line thicknesses close contact, 0,2 mm, 0,3 mm and 0,5 mm, at three temperatures and three wood moisture contents.
This document is intended to determine the minimum pressing time using a specified procedure for obtaining a reliable base for comparison of minimum pressing time between adhesives under referenced conditions.
The method gives a result that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without taking into account the influence in variation of factors such as timber density, wood moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a laboratory method of determining the open assembly time under referenced conditions in standard climate (20 ± 2) °C and (65 ± 5) % relative humidity (hereafter climate [20/65]).
The method gives a result that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without taking into account the influence of factors such as timber density, moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the creep deformation of bonded specimens loaded in bending shear. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is applicable for assessing the compliance of adhesives to EN 15425 and EN 16254.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method of determining the ability of adhesive bonds to resist long-term sustained load applied vertical to the glue lines. It is applicable to adhesives used in load-bearing timber structures.
It is applicable for the following applications:
a) for assessing the compliance of adhesives according to EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b) for assessing the effect on the bond strength resulting from long-term sustained load at cyclic climate conditions.
This method is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a laboratory method of determining the minimum pressing time for glue line thicknesses close contact, 0,2 mm, 0,3 mm and 0,5 mm, at three temperatures and three wood moisture contents.
This document is intended to determine the minimum pressing time using a specified procedure for obtaining a reliable base for comparison of minimum pressing time between adhesives under referenced conditions.
The method gives a result that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without taking into account the influence in variation of factors such as timber density, wood moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.
- Standard15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for determining the creep deformation of bonded specimens loaded in bending shear. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is applicable for assessing the compliance of adhesives to EN 15425 and EN 16254.
This test is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a laboratory method of determining the open assembly time under referenced conditions in standard climate (20 ± 2) °C and (65 ± 5) % relative humidity (hereafter climate [20/65]).
The method gives a result that cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without taking into account the influence of factors such as timber density, moisture content, factory temperature and relative air humidity.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method of determining the ability of adhesive bonds to resist long-term sustained load applied vertical to the glue lines. It is applicable to adhesives used in load-bearing timber structures.
It is applicable for the following applications:
a) for assessing the compliance of adhesives according to EN 15425 and EN 16254;
b) for assessing the effect on the bond strength resulting from long-term sustained load at cyclic climate conditions.
This method is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for comparing the compression shear strength of adhesive bonds in wood and solid wood after exposure to a target temperature for a specified duration of time.
This document is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
This document is not applicable to Epoxy- and two component Polyurethane-adhesives.
This method is intended to obtain data for the performance of wood adhesives at very high temperatures. The result of this comparison can be used to classify the adhesive with regard to the behaviour of load-bearing timber structures in fire.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a reference method for the determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions into indoor air from floor covering adhesives and products used for flooring installation. This method is used to determine volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and volatile aldehydes. It is based on the use of a test chamber and subsequent analysis of an air sample for organic compounds by GC-MS respectively HPLC. The main purpose of the test procedure is to obtain relevant performance data for the classification of flooring adhesives and products used for the installation of floor coverings with respect to low VOC emissions during the use phase of the flooring.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a test method for comparing the compression shear strength of adhesive bonds in wood and solid wood after exposure to a target temperature for a specified duration of time.
This document is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
This document is not applicable to Epoxy- and two component Polyurethane-adhesives.
This method is intended to obtain data for the performance of wood adhesives at very high temperatures. The result of this comparison can be used to classify the adhesive with regard to the behaviour of load-bearing timber structures in fire.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a series of methods for the determination of peel adhesion properties of self adhesives tapes.
This document specifies:
— Method 1: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of peel adhesion from stainless steel at an angle of 180°;
— Method 2: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of peel adhesion from its own backing at an angle of 180°;
— Method 3: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of peel adhesion of double-sided and transfer tapes at an angle 180°;
— Method 4: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of adhesion of the liner to an adhesive tape at an angle of 180°.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a series of methods for the determination of peel adhesion properties of self adhesives tapes.
This document specifies:
— Method 1: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of peel adhesion from stainless steel at an angle of 180°;
— Method 2: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of peel adhesion from its own backing at an angle of 180°;
— Method 3: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of peel adhesion of double-sided and transfer tapes at an angle 180°;
— Method 4: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of adhesion of the liner to an adhesive tape at an angle of 180°.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a series of methods for the determination of peel adhesion properties of self adhesives tapes. This document specifies: - Method 1: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of peel adhesion from stainless steel at an angle of 180°; - Method 2: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of peel adhesion from its own backing at an angle of 180°; - Method 3: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of peel adhesion of double-sided and transfer tapes at an angle 180°; - Method 4: Self adhesive tapes – Measurement of adhesion of the liner to an adhesive tape at an angle of 180°.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard15 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers reinforced (Type I) and plain (Type II) paper gummed adhesive tapes used for securing and banding paper products and sealing fiberboard boxes. Type I gummed tape may be strippable (Class 1) or nonstrippable (Class 2), while Type II paper-backed gummed tape, whether Grade A (light duty), B (medium duty), or C (heavy duty), is nonstrippable. The tapes shall be manufactured from kraft paper, but the use of recycled pulp in the paper is encouraged as well, and the adhesive used must not have an offensive odor and shall conform to the environmental considerations specified. Type I tapes shall consist of two strips of paper in roll form, while Type II tapes shall consist of one strip of paper in roll form. Upon manufacture, the tape shall be clean and free of folds, sharp creases, tears, cuts, and holes. The tapes shall be examined for visual defects, defects in roll construction, and defects in dimensions. Tests for adhesiveness, tensile strength, and elongation shall be performed as well, and shall conform to the physical properties specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers plain and reinforced paper gummed adhesive tapes suitable for securing and banding paper products and closing fiberboard boxes.
1.2 This specification is intended to replace Fed. Specs. CID A-A-1492, CID A-A-1671, and PPP-T-45 in part.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for determining the ability of a test piece bonded with a thermoplastic adhesive, to support a given load for a specified time without fracture or excessive distortion, and specifies performance requirements for mean survival time. It should be used in conjunction with ISO 19209 and ISO 19210, which describe durability classes and corresponding test methods for non-structural wood adhesives based on their ability to withstand various water treatments and relatively rapidly applied loads. The test described in this standard may be used to assess joints made with thin glue line, as defined in ISO 19210. NOTE The test described in this document is not a mandatory requirement for the classification of adhesives into the classes D1, D2, D3 and D4 given in ISO 19209. It is an additional test that can be specified by a purchaser if required.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method for testing the strength of wood adhesives at 80 °C. NOTE The procedure described is based on a test developed in Germany known originally as the WATT '91 test. It uses the test piece described in ISO 19210.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers repositionable pressure-sensitive flags used to mark, flag, and index documents, books, periodicals, and so forth. Flags covered here consist of a single sheet of matte film partially covered by adhesive. A non-adhesive tab or section at one end of the flag serves for easy removal from most surfaces, including paper. The backing shall consist of polyester, polypropylene, or polyethylene film, and shall have a transparent matte surface on one side that is writable by pens and pencils. Flags are available in the following types: Type 1, which are of specified width, and have a colored tab at one end; Type 2, which are of the same width as Type 1, and have a printed message on the top side of the flag; Type 3, which twice the width of Type 1, and have a white tab at one end to highlight writing; Type 4, which are half the width of Type 1, and have a colored tab at one end; and Type 5, which are half the width of Type 1, and have an arrow or a message printed on the top side of the flag. Sampled specimens shall conform to physical requirements in terms of minimum and maximum adhesion, dispension force, and thickness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers repositionable pressure-sensitive flags used to mark, flag, and index documents, books, periodicals, and so forth.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently, without combining values in any way.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 14, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies methods for determining the pot life of multi-part adhesives, in order to be able to determine whether the pot life conforms to the minimum specified working life required of an adhesive.
The different methods described in this document to measure the property do not necessarily provide identical results.
The test methods described are suitable for assessing all multi–part adhesives, and especially epoxy based and polyurethane based adhesives, but they are not suitable for some acrylic-based adhesives.
NOTE 1 Some of the methods described in this document can also be suitable for determination of working life of one-part adhesives that react to humidity (e.g. PUR prepolymers).
NOTE 2 This document can also be used for assessing non-structural adhesives.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for determining the pot life of multi-part adhesives, in order to be able to determine whether the pot life conforms to the minimum specified working life required of an adhesive.
The different methods described in this document to measure the property do not necessarily provide identical results.
The test methods described are suitable for assessing all multi–part adhesives, and especially epoxy based and polyurethane based adhesives, but they are not suitable for some acrylic-based adhesives.
NOTE 1 Some of the methods described in this document can also be suitable for determination of working life of one-part adhesives that react to humidity (e.g. PUR prepolymers).
NOTE 2 This document can also be used for assessing non-structural adhesives.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies methods for determining the pot life of multi-part adhesives, in order to be able to determine whether the pot life conforms to the minimum specified working life required of an adhesive. The different methods described in this document to measure the property do not necessarily provide identical results. The test methods described are suitable for assessing all multi–part adhesives, and especially epoxy based and polyurethane based adhesives, but they are not suitable for some acrylic-based adhesives. NOTE 1 Some of the methods described in this document can also be suitable for determination of working life of one-part adhesives that react to humidity (e.g. PUR prepolymers). NOTE 2 This document can also be used for assessing non-structural adhesives.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard10 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard10 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidelines describing the adhesive bonding quality requirements suitable for use by adhesive user-companies utilizing adhesive bonding as a means of fabrication. In particular, the guidelines define various approaches to meeting quality requirements for fabrication and reporting procedures, both in workshops and on site. These guidelines aim to convey the importance of maintaining quality standards in fabrication and reporting procedures, keeping records and thus enabling documentation to provide the basis for risk evaluation of adhesively bonded structures in service and in use.
These guidelines have been prepared such that:
a) they are independent of the type of adhesively bonded structure;
b) they are independent of adhesive user-companies’ and suppliers’ product recommendations;
c) they define the quality requirements for adhesive bonding in terms of fabrication and reporting procedures, both in workshops and on site;
d) they can be used as the basis for risk evaluation of adhesively bonded structures in service and in use;
e) they can be used as a basis for assessing a fabricator's capability to produce adhesively bonded structures fulfilling specified quality requirements when they are detailed in one or more of the following:
— a contract between the parties involved;
— an application standard;
— a regulatory statement.
The guidelines contained within this document can be adopted in full or selectively chosen by the adhesive user to suit the structure concerned. The guidelines provide a flexible framework for the control of adhesive bonding activities in the following cases.
Case 1
The provision of specific requirements for adhesive bonding in contracts that require the adhesive user to have a quality system other than ISO 9001.
Case 2
The provision of specific requirements for adhesive bonding as guidance to an adhesive user developing a quality system.
Case 3
The provision of specific requirements for references in application standards that uses adhesive bonding as part of its requirements or in a contract between relevant parties.
Case 4
The provision of a framework for fabrication and reporting procedures to a quality standard, suitable in particular as a basis for the risk evaluation of adhesively bonded structures.
- Standard111 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides guidelines describing the adhesive bonding quality requirements suitable for use by adhesive user-companies utilizing adhesive bonding as a means of fabrication. In particular, the guidelines define various approaches to meeting quality requirements for fabrication and reporting procedures, both in workshops and on site. These guidelines aim to convey the importance of maintaining quality standards in fabrication and reporting procedures, keeping records and thus enabling documentation to provide the basis for risk evaluation of adhesively bonded structures in service and in use.
These guidelines have been prepared such that:
a) they are independent of the type of adhesively bonded structure;
b) they are independent of adhesive user-companies’ and suppliers’ product recommendations;
c) they define the quality requirements for adhesive bonding in terms of fabrication and reporting procedures, both in workshops and on site;
d) they can be used as the basis for risk evaluation of adhesively bonded structures in service and in use;
e) they can be used as a basis for assessing a fabricator's capability to produce adhesively bonded structures fulfilling specified quality requirements when they are detailed in one or more of the following:
— a contract between the parties involved;
— an application standard;
— a regulatory statement.
The guidelines contained within this document can be adopted in full or selectively chosen by the adhesive user to suit the structure concerned. The guidelines provide a flexible framework for the control of adhesive bonding activities in the following cases.
Case 1
The provision of specific requirements for adhesive bonding in contracts that require the adhesive user to have a quality system other than ISO 9001.
Case 2
The provision of specific requirements for adhesive bonding as guidance to an adhesive user developing a quality system.
Case 3
The provision of specific requirements for references in application standards that uses adhesive bonding as part of its requirements or in a contract between relevant parties.
Case 4
The provision of a framework for fabrication and reporting procedures to a quality standard, suitable in particular as a basis for the risk evaluation of adhesively bonded structures.
- Standard111 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ABSTRACT
This specification covers coal tar adhesive with or without polymer modification suitable for brush, spray, squeegee and trowel application to coal tar built up and coal tar modified bitumen membrane roofings and flashings. The adhesive shall be classified as: Type I and Type II. Coal tar adhesive shall consist of a processed coal tar base, volatile solvents, mineral stabilizers, with or without polymer modifiers excluding asbestos, mixed to a smooth consistency. The following test methods shall be performed to conform with the requirements of the material: nonvolatile matter; water; ash; lap shear strength; and peel strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coal tar adhesive with or without polymer modification suitable for brush, spray, squeegee, and trowel application to coal tar built-up and coal tar modified bitumen membrane roofings and flashings.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the individual measurements of notches. It assigns specific codes used to label notched tools according to the measurements and tolerances specified in this document.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the individual measurements of notches. It assigns specific codes used to label notched tools according to the measurements and tolerances specified in this document.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the individual measurements of notches. It assigns specific codes used to label notched tools according to the measurements and tolerances specified in this document.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard11 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies a method of determining the ability of adhesive bonds to resist static load. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is applicable for the following applications:
a) for assessing the compliance of adhesives according to EN 301, EN 15425, EN 16254, EN 17334 and EN 17418;
b) for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c) for assessing the effect on the bond strength resulting from constant load at different climate conditions.
This method is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the rapid permeation of water to an adhesive layer using a specimen with one side open, the secondary bonding of the specimens with the adhesive layer that is still moistened, and a shear strength test of the secondary bonded specimen, for the selection of water-resistant adhesives and the determination of suitable surface treatments. It does not assess the water resistance of the actual joint itself, as the distribution of water in the adhesive layer is different. This test procedure does not provide design information.
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion adhesives suitable for use on wood, wood-based substrates, or plastic laminates. This does not cover the group of polyvinyl-based adhesives suitable for bonding flexible films. Adhesives are classified on the basis of water resistance at three performance levels, namely wet-use (Type 1), intermediate use (Type 2), and dry-use (Type 3). Adhesives shall conform to test requirements as performed under the following exposure conditions and treatments: dry shear at specified temperatures; two-cycle boil; 48-hour soak; humidity exposure; freeze-thaw stability; and storage life. Materials shall also adhere to physical properties such as density, nonvolatile matter, and pH.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion adhesives suitable for use on wood, wood-based substrates, or plastic laminates. It does not cover the group of polyvinyl-based adhesives which are suitable for bonding flexible films.
1.2 The adhesives are classified at three performance levels in accordance with water-resistance as shown in Table 1 and Table 2. See Section 5 for a description of the expected exposure conditions for each class of adhesive. See Table X1.1 for a classification of typical end products that are manufactured using adhesives at the three performance levels covered by this specification.
1.3 The following index is provided as a guide to the test methods portion of this specification:
Section
Tests for Physical Properties
9
Viscosity
9.1.1
Density
9.1.2
Nonvolatiles
9.1.3
pH
9.1.4
Tests for Adhesive Bond
10
Block Shear Strength, Compression
10.2
Plywood Shear Tests
10.3
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are for information purposes only.
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Sections 9 and 10, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides reasonably accurate information with regard to the determination of the securing or locking effect of adhesives used in threaded fasteners. This test method may also be used to determine the degree of cure and the effect of environment on torque strength.
5.2 The accuracy of the test results depends to a large degree on the thread clearance of the test fasteners and the inclusion of air bubbles in the bond line. Data generated by this test method should be safety-factored accordingly if used as quality assurance acceptance or rejection.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to make comparative assessments of the securing or locking effect of adhesives used in threaded assemblies.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semistructural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having woodbased surfaces at the bondline. The adhesives can be classified according to resistance to deformation: Group A or structural, and Group B or semistructural. Also, the adhesives may be designated into three types, according to their recommended use based on their resistance to water and water vapor: Type 1 for interior and exterior use, Type 2 for weather-protected interior use, and Type 3 for interior use only. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of adhesives: shear strength, gap-filling ability, total deformation resistance, moisture and temperature limitation during fabrication, high-temperature resistance, low-temperature resistance, moisture resistance, aging, oxidation resistance, and mold resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semi-structural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having wood-based surfaces at the bondline. This specification does not cover other adhesives used in manufactured homes such as adhesives for carpet, floor tile, ceramic fixtures, plastic laminates, trim and millwork, and similar nonstructural applications.
1.1.1 The performance of the adhesives is measured in the following tests:
Number
Test
Section
1
Low Temperature
16
2
Dry Lumber
17
3
Gap-Filling
18
4
High Temperature
19
5
Type 3 Qualification
20
6
Type 2 Qualification
21
7
Aging, Film Oxidation
22
8
Aging, Bond Oxidation
23
9
Resistance to Deformation, Creep
24
10
Mold
25
11
Type 1 Qualification
26
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification19 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of identifying adhesives in order to give industry a system that can be used universally for materials. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of the standards that are developed using this guide.
4.2 This classification system was developed to permit the addition of future adhesives.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a classification system for tabulating the properties of adhesives suitable for holding parts or assemblies together. The use of this guide also provides information necessary for the development of standard specifications for adhesives.
Note 1: This classification system may serve many of the needs of industries using adhesives. This guide is subject to revision as the need requires; therefore, the latest revision should always be used.
1.2 Limitations—This classification system is intended to be a means of identifying adhesives. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the adhesives field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the attachment process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material not covered in this document, and the economic factors.
1.3 This classification system is based on the premise that adhesives can be arranged into broad generic families using basic properties to arrange the materials into groups, classes, and grades.
1.4 In all cases where the provisions of this classification system would conflict with the referenced ASTM specification for a particular material, the latter shall take precedence.
1.5 The values stated in SI units, as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, are to be regarded as the standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of the comparative cleavage strength properties of metal-to-metal adhesive bonds. The testing machine shall be capable of maintaining the rate of loading and shall compose of fixed member, movable member, and grips. Test specimens shall consist of metal pieces glued together according to the prescribed dimensions indicated in this standard method. Recommended metal specimens are the following: brass, copper, aluminum, steel, and phosphor bronze. Bonding and conditioning of specimen shall be done according to the procedure specified by the manufacturer of the adhesive. Testing procedure shall be in accordance to the load rate limits specified in this standard method. Cleavage strength shall be expressed in pounds per inch and shall be reported in three significant figures in addition to the following information: adhesive identification, preparation method, adhesive layer thickness, conditioning procedure used, testing room condition, specimen number, and loading rate.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative cleavage properties of adhesive bonds when tested on standard shape metal specimens under specified conditions of preparation and testing. It may be used also to compare adhesives used with other metallic materials having any specified surface treatment.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Structural design based on strength-of-materials principles requires knowledge of the mechanical properties of the structural components, including adhesives. By nature of their use, the most important property of adhesive is shear strength.
4.2 Shear strength measured by this test method is suitable for use in adhesive development, manufacturing quality control, and in materials performance specifications, as well as structural design.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of comparative shear properties of gap-filling adhesives in wood-to-wood joints at specified thicknesses of bondline in the dry condition, when tested on standard specimens under specified conditions of preparation, conditioning, and loading in compression. This test method is intended as an evaluation of gap-filling adhesives such as those used to bond plywood to lumber, lumber to lumber, and other similar materials in building constructions.
1.2 This test method also may be used to determine shear properties of gap-filling adhesives in species of wood and in thicknesses of bondline other than those specified for the comparative tests of shear properties within this test method. All procedures specified herein are applicable, excepting requirements for wood species and specific gravity, and thicknesses of bondlines.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Creep data that are obtained over a relatively short period of time in this test method can provide a measure of an adhesive bond's ability to withstand static loading in shear over a relatively long period of time. Creep measurements are made over a range of expected service conditions, including level of stress, temperature, relative humidity, and duration of load. Creep rate, creep strain, and creep modulus are calculated at the various service conditions.
4.2 Creep data can be used to (1) predict performance of an adhesive under long-term loading, (2) characterize an adhesive, (3) compare adhesives with each other and against specifications, and (4) design structural members fabricated with an adhesive.
4.3 Time-to-failure data provide a measure of the ultimate load-carrying ability of an adhesive bond as a function of time at various levels of stress, temperature, and relative humidity.
4.4 With proper caution, time-to-failure data derived from relatively short loading periods can be extrapolated to estimate the useful service life of an adhesive at working levels of static stress. This property may also be used with creep data to accomplish purposes listed in 4.2.
4.5 This test method is a research tool intended for development or evaluation of new adhesives and new product designs. The researcher may select from suggested tests those that are appropriate. However, creep and time-to-failure tests are nonroutine and can be time-consuming and expensive, so tests must be selected with care.
4.6 The apparatus and procedures may be suitable for measuring creep properties of adhesives on substrates other than wood, such as metal, plastic, and glass, but such considerations are not within the scope of this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of time-dependent properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when specimens are subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for direct measurement of time-dependent shear deformation (creep) and time to failure of adhesive bonds under static load. Guidelines for selecting test conditions, methods for calculating creep rate, creep strain, creep modulus, and extrapolation of time to failure, are given along with methods of presenting these data.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the performance of the adhesive in laminated wood as measured by resistance to creep under static load.
5.2 Test results from the evaluation of adhesive creep resistance, under designated environmental conditions of the test, provide a measure of the adhesive’s ability to withstand constant loading over a relatively long period of time.
5.3 Creep measured with this test method is normally used in conjunction with specifications such as, but not limited to Specification D2559 and CSA O112.9 to confirm suitability of an adhesive to resist creep under designed loads when subjected to specific levels of stress, load duration and environmental conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of creep properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when a standardized specimen is subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for shear deformation (creep) of adhesive bonds under static load. This test method is used under the indicated conditions to evaluate resistance to creep properties of a structural wood adhesive.
1.2 The test method is used to evaluate creep performance of adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural wood products for general construction, marine use, or for other uses where a high-strength general construction, creep-resistant, durable adhesive bond is required. Individual block shear specimens are prepared from adhesively bonded laminations, subjected to a constant load under various combinations of temperature and relative humidity, and the amount of creep measured.
1.3 Creep of structural wood adhesives as measured by this test method may not be comparative to other ASTM methods and is limited to the conditions of the test and procedures contained herein.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are designed to be used to determine the susceptibility of the adhesive film to biodegradation and whether the adhesive will carry into the bond line sufficient anti-fungal properties to prevent growth of fungi frequently present on the gluing equipment, on adherends, or in the adhesive as applied.
4.2 Potato dextrose agar (PDA) provides a complete medium for the growth of fungi, while mineral salts agar (MSA) lacks a carbohydrate source and provides a less favorable medium. Use of PDA tests the adhesive film for its ability to resist the growth of fungi on its surface as well as its ability to repel a copious growth of fungi on the adjacent agar surface. Use of MSA tests the adhesive film primarily for its ability to resist the growth of fungi on its surface. When it is used, there is a reduced possibility that the growth from the agar will be mis-read as coming from the adhesive film, since fungal growth on the adjacent agar will be scant.
Note 2: The method given here using the MSA is based on Practice G21, adapted to be used with adhesives. Requirements for the use of the MSA are described in 10.2, and a mixed species of fungi is prescribed in 8.2 for the inoculum.
4.3 The results obtained when using the procedures given in this method apply only to the species used for the testing. The test species listed in Section 8 are frequently used by laboratories to test for antifungal properties, but they are not the only ones which could be used. Selection of the fungal species to test against requires informed judgment by the testing laboratory or by the party requesting the tests. These methods are especially useful when species that have been isolated from contaminated adhesives are used as the test species (see Section 8) to aid in the selection of more effective fungicides.
4.4 The efficacy of some biocides may change in storage due to the chemical and thermal environment to which they are subjected as components of certain adhesi...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods test the ability of adhesive films to inhibit or support the growth of selected fungal species growing on agar plates by providing means of testing the films on two agar substrates, one which promotes microbial growth, and one which does not.
1.2 These test methods are not appropriate for all adhesives. The activity of certain biocides may not be demonstrated by these test methods as a result of irreversible reaction with some of the medium constituents.
Note 1: As an example, quaternary ammonium compounds are inactivated by agar.
1.3 A test method is included for use with low-viscosity adhesives along with an alternative method for use with mastic-type adhesives.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. These test methods are designed to be used by persons trained in correct microbiological techniques. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7 and in 14.3.2.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions used in the science and technology of the adhesives industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.
1.2 Any changes in this standard since 1988 are documented as follows:
1.2.1 Appendix X1 gives a history of revisions made since 1988. Table X1.1 lists the terms that are affected as: (1) Terms Added, (2) Terms Revised, and (3) Terms Deleted.
1.2.1.1 In Table X1.1, the year of publication in Volume 15.06 is shown in parentheses following the term.
1.2.2 In the text of the standard, the year of publication is shown following each definition. Also, the following codes are included after the year of publication to describe the type change that was made: (A) Addition, (R) Revision, or (E) Edited.
1.2.3 Deletions are shown in Appendix X1, suitably footnoted. The deleted terms do not appear in the text of the standard.
1.2.4 Any special circumstances not covered by 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 are documented in Table X1.1, suitably footnoted.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. The equipments to be used in the test shall include a petri dish, circulating-air oven, desiccator, and analytical balance. In determining the nonvolatile content of the liquid adhesives without hardener, the procedure shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of adhesive and quartz sand . The percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. On the other hand, the procedure for the liquid adhesives with hardener shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of mixed adhesives. Also, the percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener (Note 1) added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both.
Note 1: Some low molecular weight materials in the adhesive may be lost if hardener is not used. When a hardener is used, it must be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions, see 5.2.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tension tests provide reasonably accurate information with regard to the tensile strength of adhesives. Tensile strength data may be suitable for specification acceptance, service evaluation, manufacturing control, research, and development. Tension tests are not considered significant for applications differing from the test in rate, direction, and type of loading.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative tensile strength of adhesives by the use of bar- and rod-shaped butt-joined specimens under defined conditions of preparation, conditioning, and testing. This test method is applicable to the testing of adhesives with various adherend materials in either similar or dissimilar combinations.
Note 1: An alternative test method for determining the tensile strength of adhesives is Test Method D897.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This test method is primarily intended for determining the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between flexible adherends by means of a T-type specimen using a tension testing machine. The bent, unbonded ends of the test specimen shall be clamped in the test grips of the tension testing machine and a load of a constant head speed shall be applied. An autographic recording of the load versus the head movement or load versus distance peeled shall be made. The peel resistance over a specified length of the bond line after the initial peak shall be determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is primarily intended for determining the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between flexible adherends by means of a T-type specimen.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers corrosion-inhibiting adhesive primers for use on aluminum alloys that are to be adhesively bonded in the fabrication of honeycomb sandwich panels for tactical shelters. When applied to a properly cleaned surface of aluminum alloy, the primer imparts corrosion resistance and forms a surface suitable for structural bonding and coating with shelter paint finishes. The primer shall be a pigmented liquid composed of a modified epoxy resin system, compounded so that it can be spray-applied to produce a continuous coating without the addition of any solvent. Uncured primers shall be tested for solids content, inhibitor content, storage stability, shelf life, color, sprayability, and curing properties. Cured films, on the other hand, shall be tested on adhesion to metal, impact resistance, pencil hardness, water resistance, environmental resistance, corrosion resistance, humidity aging, heat resistance, and low-temperature shock. Finally, bonded specimens shall be tested and conform to normal-, low-, and high-temperature lap shears, humidity-exposure lap shear, salt-spray exposure lap shear, and normal- and low-temperature floating roller peel strengths.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers sprayable, pigmented liquid primers for use on aluminum alloys that are to be adhesively bonded in the fabrication of honeycomb sandwich panels for tactical shelters. When applied to a properly cleaned surface of aluminum alloy, the primer imparts corrosion resistance and forms a surface suitable for structural bonding using adhesives complying with Specification E865 and for coating with shelter paint finishes.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed for obtaining a qualitative estimate of the compatibility of plastics and adhesives. Due to the many process variables associated with the fabrication of plastic parts, it is not possible to use this test as a substitute for compatibility tests on actual parts.
5.2 The detection of cracks or crazes may be determined with or without optical aid. Make comparisons only among tests employing crack detection methods of equivalent sensitivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the compatibility of adhesives with plastics based on whether the adhesive causes cracking of stressed samples.
1.2 Specimen configurations and test fixture designs are given.
1.3 This test method is suitable for products in the form of sheet or strip. It can also be used on injection molded tensile specimens or flexural bars.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers liquid optical adhesive for use in bonding glass to glass or other transparent adherends. The adhesive shall be in liquid form and free of solvent in order to avoid bubble formation in the adhesive layer. Each component shall be completely reactive. The adhesive may be heat-, catalyst-, or radiation-cured. Voltatility, color, viscosity, foreign particle content, refractive index, stability, light transmission, glass doublet preparation, environmental test, and bond strength tests shall be performed in accordance with the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers liquid optical adhesive for use in bonding glass to glass or other transparent adherends.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 6.1.1.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a method of determining the ability of adhesive bonds to resist static load. It is applicable to adhesives used in load bearing timber structures.
It is applicable for the following applications:
a) for assessing the compliance of adhesives according to EN 301, EN 15425, EN 16254, EN 17334 and EN 17418;
b) for assessing the suitability and quality of adhesives for load-bearing timber structures;
c) for assessing the effect on the bond strength resulting from constant load at different climate conditions.
This method is intended primarily to obtain performance data for the classification of adhesives for load bearing timber structures according to their suitability for use in defined climatic environments.
This method is not intended to provide data for structural design and does not necessarily represent the performance of the bonded member in service.
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This document specifies a reference method for the determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions into indoor air from floor covering adhesives and products used for flooring installation. This method is applicable to determine volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, and volatile aldehydes. It is based on the use of a test chamber and subsequent analysis of an air sample for organic compounds by GC-MS respectively HPLC. The main purpose of the test procedure is to obtain relevant performance data for the classification of flooring adhesives and products used for the installation of floor coverings with respect to low VOC emissions during the use phase of the flooring. NOTE 1: This document describes the overall procedure and makes use of existing standards mainly by normative reference, complemented when necessary with additional or modified normative requirements. NOTE 2: No conclusions about occupational health and safety can be drawn from the testing and/or the classification of products according to this standard.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Overlap splices are used in field applications of FRP composites when site conditions prohibit continuous access to a structural element or when the specified length of the FRP composite is such that saturation and placement of the entire length would be cumbersome. This method can be used as a quality control mechanism for ensuring that overlap splices constructed under field conditions meet or exceed the requirements established by the design engineer or FRP system manufacturer. Both the saturant mixing and fiber saturation method can be verified for wet-layup FRP systems.
5.2 Caution is recommended when interpreting apparent shear strength results obtained from this method. Single shear lap splices develop non-uniform shear stress distributions within the overlap splice region during testing. Additional guidance on the interpretation and use of results obtained from lap shear testing is found in D4896.
5.3 This test method focuses on the FRP material itself, irrespective of gripping method. Therefore, strengths resulting from failure or pullout at either grip are disregarded. The strength measurements are based solely on test specimens that fail in the gauge section (away from the grips) or at the splice.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the requirements for sample preparation and tensile testing of single-lap shear splices formed with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials commonly used for strengthening of structures made of materials such as metals, timber, masonry, and reinforced concrete. The objective of this method is to determine the apparent shear strength of an overlap splice joint through the application of a far-field tensile force. The method applies to wet lay-up FRP material systems fabricated on site or in a laboratory setting. The FRP composite may be of either unidirectional (0°) or cross-ply (0/90 type) reinforcement. For cross-ply laminates, the construction may be achieved using multiple-layers of unidirectional fibers at either 0 or 90°, or one or more layers of stitched or woven 0/90 fabrics. The composite material forms are limited to continuous fiber or discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites in which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The method is often used to determine the length of the overlap splice needed to ensure that a tension failure occurs in the material away from the splice rather than the splice connection itself.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document specifies a method for determining the working life for adhesives mixed with hardener for load-bearing timber structures, by a viscosity test.
This method does not apply to determining the working life of a multi-component adhesive whose actual working life is very short.
This document is only intended for obtaining a reliable basis for comparison between adhesives. The method gives results which cannot be applied to the safe manufacture of timber structures without modifications for the influences of factory temperature and relative air humidity.
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This document establishes a classification for one component polyurethane (PUR) adhesives according to their suitability for use in load-bearing timber products in defined climatic exposure conditions, and specifies performance requirements for such adhesives for the factory manufacture or factory-like manufacturing of load-bearing timber products only.
It also classifies “adhesive product lines” where all the products within the line have the same chemical composition except for a different amount of catalyst.
This document only specifies the performance of adhesives for use in an environment corresponding to the defined conditions.
The performance requirements of this document are applicable to the adhesives only, not to the manufactured timber products. This document does not cover the performance of adhesives for on-site gluing (except for factory-like conditions) or the production of wood-based panels, except solid wood panels, or modified and stabilized wood with considerably reduced swelling and shrinkage properties, e.g. acetylated wood, heat treated wood and polymer impregnated wood.
This document is primarily intended for use by adhesive manufacturers and for use in timber products bonded with adhesives, to assess or control the quality of adhesives. The requirements are applicable to the type testing of the adhesives. Production control activities are outside the scope of this document.
Adhesives meeting the requirements of this document are adequate for use in load-bearing timber products, provided that the bonding process has been carried out according to an appropriate product standard.
This document does not address the classification and use of adhesives in combination with the spraying of water before or during the bonding process; see informative Annex C of this document.
This does neither allow nor forbid the use of adhesives in combination with the spraying of water.
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