ASTM D1582-98(2023)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Liquid Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives
Standard Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Liquid Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives
ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. The equipments to be used in the test shall include a petri dish, circulating-air oven, desiccator, and analytical balance. In determining the nonvolatile content of the liquid adhesives without hardener, the procedure shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of adhesive and quartz sand . The percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. On the other hand, the procedure for the liquid adhesives with hardener shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of mixed adhesives. Also, the percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener (Note 1) added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both.
Note 1: Some low molecular weight materials in the adhesive may be lost if hardener is not used. When a hardener is used, it must be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions, see 5.2.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Apr-2023
- Technical Committee
- D14 - Adhesives
- Drafting Committee
- D14.30 - Wood Adhesives
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2008
- Effective Date
- 15-Aug-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2006
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2005
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2005
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2004
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2004
- Effective Date
- 10-May-2003
- Effective Date
- 10-Oct-2000
Overview
ASTM D1582-98(2023) is a standard test method developed by ASTM International for determining the nonvolatile content, or total solids, in liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives. This method is applicable whether or not a hardener is included, and can be used for adhesives that contain high- or low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water. Determining the nonvolatile content is vital for quality control, formulation consistency, and performance assurance in adhesive production and use.
Key Topics
- Nonvolatile Content Determination: Focuses on measuring the residue left after oven-drying liquid adhesives, which indicates the amount of active adhesive solids present.
- Testing with and without Hardener: The method outlines separate procedures for testing adhesives both with and without the addition of a hardener, reflecting the versatility and common industry practices of adhesive preparation.
- Equipment Needed: Core apparatus includes a petri dish, circulating-air oven (capable of stable, specified temperatures), desiccator, and an analytical balance with high precision.
- Sample Handling: Emphasizes careful sampling, minimizing exposure to air, and rigorous mixing to ensure representative results.
- Calculation Method: The nonvolatile content is calculated as the percentage of residue relative to the initial specimen weight after subjecting it to defined drying and cooling procedures.
Applications
- Adhesive Quality Control: Used extensively in manufacturing environments to ensure that liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives meet specified formulation and performance requirements.
- Product Development and Research: Laboratories apply this standard to compare the formulation of adhesives, optimize performance, and ensure consistent properties across production lots.
- Compliance and Certification: Companies use ASTM D1582-98(2023) to demonstrate adherence to industry and regulatory norms regarding adhesive composition and performance.
- Wood and Construction Industries: Since phenol and resorcinol adhesives are widely used in wood bonding, this standard is crucial for suppliers and manufacturers requiring certification of their products for structural applications.
Related Standards
- ASTM D907 - Terminology of Adhesives: Provides comprehensive definitions necessary to apply and interpret adhesive-related standards.
- ISO Adhesive Standards - While ASTM D1582-98(2023) is widely recognized, related ISO standards may provide additional or alternative methodologies for global compliance.
- Other ASTM Standards for Adhesive Testing - ASTM D1151 (Effect of Moisture and Temperature on Adhesive Bonds), ASTM D3433 (Fracture Strength of Adhesives), among others, can complement this standard in a comprehensive quality assurance program.
Practical Value
Implementing ASTM D1582-98(2023) ensures accurate determination of the nonvolatile content in key industrial adhesives, supporting:
- Consistent product quality by verifying solid content
- Optimized adhesive performance through reliable formulation monitoring
- Manufacturing efficiency by facilitating routine batch testing
- Regulatory and contract compliance for producers and end-users across woodworking, construction, and other industries
The method's clarity and reliance on widely available laboratory equipment make it accessible and practical for both routine and research-driven testing environments.
Keywords: nonvolatile content, adhesive testing, phenol adhesives, resorcinol adhesives, melamine adhesives, ASTM D1582, total solids, quality control, adhesive standards
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D1582-98(2023) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Liquid Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. The equipments to be used in the test shall include a petri dish, circulating-air oven, desiccator, and analytical balance. In determining the nonvolatile content of the liquid adhesives without hardener, the procedure shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of adhesive and quartz sand . The percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. On the other hand, the procedure for the liquid adhesives with hardener shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of mixed adhesives. Also, the percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener (Note 1) added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. Note 1: Some low molecular weight materials in the adhesive may be lost if hardener is not used. When a hardener is used, it must be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions, see 5.2. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. The equipments to be used in the test shall include a petri dish, circulating-air oven, desiccator, and analytical balance. In determining the nonvolatile content of the liquid adhesives without hardener, the procedure shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of adhesive and quartz sand . The percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. On the other hand, the procedure for the liquid adhesives with hardener shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of mixed adhesives. Also, the percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener (Note 1) added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. Note 1: Some low molecular weight materials in the adhesive may be lost if hardener is not used. When a hardener is used, it must be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautions, see 5.2. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D1582-98(2023) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.180 - Adhesives. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D1582-98(2023) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D907-12a, ASTM D907-12, ASTM D907-11a, ASTM D907-11, ASTM D907-08b, ASTM D907-08a, ASTM D907-08, ASTM D907-06, ASTM D907-05, ASTM D907-05e1, ASTM D907-04a, ASTM D907-04, ASTM D907-03, ASTM D907-00. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D1582-98(2023) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1582 − 98 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
Nonvolatile Content of Liquid Phenol, Resorcinol, and
Melamine Adhesives
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1582; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile 4.1 Without Hardener—A weighed amount of adhesive and
content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and mela- quartz sand are oven-dried, cooled in a desiccator, and
mine adhesives with or without hardener (Note 1) added and weighed. The percent nonvolatile content is calculated based
containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic sol- on the amount remaining.
vents or water, or both.
4.2 With Hardener—A weighed amount of mixed adhesive
is oven dried, cooled in a desiccator, and weighed. The percent
NOTE 1—Some low molecular weight materials in the adhesive may be
lost if hardener is not used. When a hardener is used, it must be mixed in
nonvolatile content is calculated based on the amount remain-
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
ing.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5. Apparatus
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
5.1 Petri Dish, 00 mm by 22 mm or its equivalent.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.2 Circulating-Air Oven, capable of maintaining tempera-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tures of 70 °C 6 1 °C, 105 °C 6 1 °C, and 150 °C 6 1 °C.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(Warning —A safety (explosion-proof) oven should be used
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
when volatile materials are likely to burn or explode.)
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.3 Desiccator, with drying agent and tray.
For specific precautions, see 5.2.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 5.4 Analytical Balance, accurate to 1 mg.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 6. Sampling
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
6.1 Except in special cases, take a composite sample from
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
three or more separate containers chosen at random. Also, take
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
samples from containers which appear to be nonrepresentative
and test such samples separately. Place the samples immedi-
2. Referenced Documents
ately in airtight containers, filled to prevent excessive air space
2.1 ASTM Standards:
above the adhesive, and take precautions to reduce evaporation
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
or drying to a minimum. Mix the adhesive in the container
thoroughly if there is a tendency for the materials to separate.
3. Terminology
6.2 Test three specimens of each sample.
3.1 Definitions—Many of the terms in this test method are
defined in Terminology D907.
7. Procedure
7.1 70 °C Drying Temperature Without Hardener:
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
7.1.1 Place approximately 20 g of the adhesive in a covered
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on Wood
weighing bottle.
Adhesives.
7.1.2 Place approximately 10 g of fine, oven-dried quartz
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally
sand in an open Petri dish, together with a small glass stirring
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D1582 – 98 (2017).
DOI: 10.1520/D1582-98R23.
rod, and weigh the dish, rod, and contents to the nearest 1 mg
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
on the analytical balance. Weigh out to th
...
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