25.120.30 - Moulding equipment
ICS 25.120.30 Details
Moulding equipment
Gie?ereitechnik
Matériel de moulage
Livarska oprema
General Information
e-Library Subscription
Create subscription and get permanent access to documents within 25.120.30 - Moulding equipment
Currently subscription includes documents marked with .We are working on making all documents available within the subscription.
This document specifies the dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, of ejector sleeves with cylindrical head which are used in compression and injection moulds and in diecasting dies. It also gives material guidelines and hardness requirements, and specifies the designation of ejector sleeves with cylindrical head.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document applies to the following equipment:
a) Machinery constructed to condition and/or reclaim foundry sands for mold and core making (including related moldable granular materials);
b) Molding machinery;
c) Coremaking machinery;
d) Knock-out equipment;
e) Other directly associated equipment.
This document does not apply to
ladles and pouring equipment
NOTE This equipment is covered within EEC by EN 1247
wax- and lost foam pattern production and wax removal equipment;
additive manufacturing equipment;
dust and/or gaseous emissions reduction equipment;
crane installations;
winches;
continuous conveyors or handling systems which could be an integral part of the equipment covered by the scope.
This document deals with foreseeable significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to molding and coremaking machinery and associated equipment when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during the life-cycle phases according ISO 12100:2010; 5.4, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment.
The foreseeable significant hazards are listed in clause 5 and include:
Mechanical hazards, movement of machinery and workpieces, ejection of material, of liquids and gases, inadequacy of the mechanical strength;
Explosion, fire, exothermic reactions;
Contact with hot parts, gases and flames;
Noise and vibration;
Thermal heat radiation and conduction;
Harmful by-products, poisoning, pollution of operators' breathing air.
- Standard54 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document deals with foreseeable significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to molding and coremaking machinery and associated equipment when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 5). It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during the life-cycle phases in accordance with ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment.
This document applies to the following equipment:
a) machinery constructed to condition and/or reclaim foundry sands for mold and coremaking (including related moldable granular materials);
b) molding machinery;
c) coremaking machinery;
d) knock-out equipment;
e) other directly associated equipment.
This document does not apply to:
— ladles and pouring equipment;
NOTE This equipment is covered within the European Union (EU) by EN 1247:2010.
— wax and lost foam pattern production and wax removal equipment;
— additive manufacturing equipment;
— dust and/or gaseous emissions reduction equipment;
— crane installations;
— winches;
— continuous conveyors or handling systems which can be an integral part of the equipment covered by this document;
— sand and casting separation systems.
This document does not explicitly deal with electrical hazards. These hazards are covered by IEC 60204-1: 2016
- Standard54 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document deals with foreseeable significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to molding and coremaking machinery and associated equipment when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 5). It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during the life-cycle phases in accordance with ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment. This document applies to the following equipment: a) machinery constructed to condition and/or reclaim foundry sands for mold and coremaking (including related moldable granular materials); b) molding machinery; c) coremaking machinery; d) knock-out equipment; e) other directly associated equipment. This document does not apply to: — ladles and pouring equipment; NOTE This equipment is covered within the European Union (EU) by EN 1247:2010. — wax and lost foam pattern production and wax removal equipment; — additive manufacturing equipment; — dust and/or gaseous emissions reduction equipment; — crane installations; — winches; — continuous conveyors or handling systems which can be an integral part of the equipment covered by this document; — sand and casting separation systems. This document does not explicitly deal with electrical hazards. These hazards are covered by IEC 60204-1: 2016
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard54 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document defines a set of terms and definitions of die casting machines and other equipment related to permanent mold casting process.
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the basic dimensions, in millimetres, of headed angle pins (type A), straight angle pins (type B), angle pins mounted with external thread (type C) and angle pins mounted with hexagon socket head cap screw (type D), intended for use in diecasting dies and tools for moulding. It also specifies the material hardness and designation of the angle pins (types A, B, C and D).
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document defines a set of terms and definitions of molding and coremaking machines and other equipment related to non-permanent mold casting process in foundry machinery. It applies to standard development in foundry machinery field, technical documentation, related scientific and technical publication, etc.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document gives an overview on the terms and definitions of foundry machinery that are commonly and widely used. It applies to standard development in the foundry machinery field, technical documentation, related scientific and technical publications, etc.
- Standard27 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard27 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the terms generally in use for components of compression and injection moulds and diecasting dies. The function of these components is shown in Figure 1 to Figure 30. NOTE The figures are given as examples. The purpose of this document is to introduce coherent terms in professional terminology particularly with regard to the use in CAD (Computer Aided Drafting). Various symbols are specified for simplified representation on technical drawings.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard34 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard34 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 16916:2016 defines the description and specification of injection moulds to be used when requesting tools (stage of tender) and ordering tools. This International Standard gives data for material acquisition, equipment, structural design of injection moulds including the surfaces of the tool. Information relating to machine-specific data, types of operation and warranty is also contained in this specification sheet. ISO 16916:2016 does not apply to compression moulds and die casting dies.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This European Standard specifies a magnetic particle testing method for ferro-magnetic iron and steel castings.
NOTE An iron or steel casting is considered to be ferro-magnetic if the magnetic induction is greater than 1 T (Tesla) for a magnetic field strength of 2,4 kA/m.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies a magnetic particle testing method for ferro-magnetic iron and steel castings.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies methods for the examination of surface condition (roughness and surface discontinuities) of castings.
This European Standard is applicable to all cast metals and all casting processes except die casting.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This standard describes a method for the evaluation of casting roughness by means of visualtactile comparators. The method is applicable to all casting processes for all cast materials. The method can be used for the assessment of castings or areas of castings in the as-cast condition (beyond removal of casting appendages, such as gates, risers and flash removal of residues of the moulding material). This method does not give a means of determining the quality of castings by visual examination.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 8693:2011 specifies the dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, of flat ejector pins which are used in compression and injection moulds and in die casting dies. ISO 8693:2011 also gives material guidelines and hardness requirements, and specifies the designation of flat ejector pins.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 8694:2011 specifies the dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, of shouldered ejector pins with cylindrical head which are used in compression and injection moulds and in die casting dies. ISO 8694:2011 also gives material guidelines and hardness requirements, and specifies the designation of shouldered ejector pins.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 6751:2011 specifies the dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, of ejector pins with cylindrical head which are used in compression and injection moulds and in die casting dies. ISO 6751:2011 also gives material guidelines and hardness requirements, and specifies the designation of ejector pins with cylindrical head.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies requirements to be met by the manufacturer for the foreseeable significant hazards due to design, construction and installation, during commissioning, operation, maintenance, and decommissioning of the following machines and equipment which are used directly and indirectly for the manufacture of castings:
- Ladles;
- Pouring equipment;
- Centrifugal casting machines for production of tubes (only machines with horizontal or oblique axis of rotation);
- Continuous and semi continuous casting machines for non-ferrous metals.
This document specifies the safety requirements in addressing the following items:
- controls;
- protection against:
- mechanical hazards, movement of machines and material, ejection of parts, material, liquids and gases, implosion, structural instability;
- electric hazards;
- explosion, fire, scalds, contact with hot parts (burns), gases and flames;
- noise and vibration;
- thermal radiation;
- harmful by-products, poisoning, pollution of operators air;
- impact;
- deterioration of worker’s health;
- shearing;
- crushing;
- maintenance, provision for warning systems.
It is assumed that
- normal operation of equipment falling within this scope may involve the intervention of personnel;
- machines are operated by skilled and adequately trained persons;
- machines are used with adequate workplace lighting conforming to local regulations, or to EN 12464-1.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements to be met by the manufacturer for the foreseeable significant hazards due to design, construction and installation, during commissioning, operation, maintenance, and decommissioning of the following machines and equipment which are used directly and indirectly for the manufacture of castings:
- Ladles;
- Pouring equipment;
- Centrifugal casting machines for production of tubes (only machines with horizontal or oblique axis of rotation);
- Continuous and semi continuous casting machines for non-ferrous metals.
This document specifies the safety requirements in addressing the following items:
- controls;
- protection against:
- mechanical hazards, movement of machines and material, ejection of parts, material, liquids and gases, implosion, structural instability;
- electric hazards;
- explosion, fire, scalds, contact with hot parts (burns), gases and flames;
- noise and vibration;
- thermal radiation;
- harmful by-products, poisoning, pollution of operators air;
- impact;
- deterioration of worker’s health;
- shearing;
- crushing;
- maintenance, provision for warning systems.
It is assumed that
- normal operation of equipment falling within this scope may involve the intervention of personnel;
- machines are operated by skilled and adequately trained persons;
- machines are used with adequate workplace lighting conforming to local regulations, or to EN 12464-1.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 28238:2010 specifies the characteristics of components of gating systems used in injection moulds for the processing of thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics and elastomers. These are gating systems for solidifying sprues for externally heated gating systems, internally heated gating systems and cold runner gating systems. The purpose of ISO 28238:2010 is to establish coherent terms for the different gating systems in professional terminology.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard12 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This European Standard specifies the safety requirements for pressure metal diecasting units.
It applies to pressure diecasting machines and to the interfaces with the following ancillary equipment:
- die,
- melting, holding and dosing furnaces (see EN 746-1),
- metal feeding equipment,
- inserting and removal devices,
- spraying appliances,
- heat exchanger for the die.
This ancillary equipment itself is not covered.
Additional risks arising from the material being cast are not covered.
This standard does not apply to low pressure diecasting machines and/or gravity diecasting machines.
This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to pressure diecasting machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during transport, commissioning, use, de-commissioning and maintenance periods, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment.
This document is not applicable to pressure metal diecasting units/machinery which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This standard specifies requirements to be met by the manufacturer of abrasive blasting equipment for the foreseeable significant hazards due to design, construction and installation, during commissioning, operation, maintenance and decommissioning of the equipment which employ either centrifugal force or compressed air as a means of accelerating abrasive to achieve the desired result.
Abrasive blasting equipment covers:
- centrifugal blasting machines;
- air blasting machines;
- loading, conveying and unloading systems for the workpieces.
See Annex A for more details.
This standard covers all foreseeable significant hazards which could be encountered during the lifetime of the machine as listed in clause 5.
This standard does not apply to:
- mobile centrifugal blasting equipment;
- mobile air blasting equipment;
- wet blasting equipment;
- the general works compressed air supply system.
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This noise test code specifies all the information necessary to carry out efficiently and under standardized conditions the determination, declaration and verification of the noise emission values of several groups of foundry machinery. It specifies noise measurement methods that are available and operating and mounting conditions that shall be used for the test.
Noise emission values include emission sound pressure levels at work stations and the sound power level. The determination of these quantities is necessary for:
- manufacturers to declare the noise emitted;
- comparing the noise emitted by machines in the group concerned;
- purposes of noise control at the source at the design stage.
The use of this standard ensures the reproducibility of the determination of the !noise emission values" within specified limits determined by the grade of accuracy of the basic noise measurement method used. Noise measurement methods allowed by this standard are engineering methods (grade 2) and survey methods (grade 3).
This standard has a main body giving general requirements common to the foundry machines family. Six normative Annexes give requirements specific to the groups of foundry machinery listed below:
- core making machines (EN 710);
- moulding machines (EN 710);
- knock-out grids and knock-out trays (EN 710);
- dry abrasive blasting equipment (not restricted to foundry application) (EN 1248);
- air blasting equipment (EN 1248);
- diecasting machines (EN 869);
and six informative Annexes giving guidance for the definition of specific operating conditions.
The main body of this standard also gives guidance for the measurement of the noise emission of foundry machines not dealt with in the Annexes.
This standard does not cover the computation of personnel daily noise exposure.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This European Standard specifies the safety requirements for pressure metal diecasting units.
It applies to pressure diecasting machines and to the interfaces with the following ancillary equipment:
- die,
- melting, holding and dosing furnaces (see EN 746-1),
- metal feeding equipment,
- inserting and removal devices,
- spraying appliances,
- heat exchanger for the die.
This ancillary equipment itself is not covered.
Additional risks arising from the material being cast are not covered.
This standard does not apply to low pressure diecasting machines and/or gravity diecasting machines.
This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to pressure diecasting machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during transport, commissioning, use, de-commissioning and maintenance periods, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment.
This document is not applicable to pressure metal diecasting units/machinery which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This standard specifies requirements to be met by the manufacturer of abrasive blasting equipment for the foreseeable significant hazards due to design, construction and installation, during commissioning, operation, maintenance and decommissioning of the equipment which employ either centrifugal force or compressed air as a means of accelerating abrasive to achieve the desired result.
Abrasive blasting equipment covers:
- centrifugal blasting machines;
- air blasting machines;
- loading, conveying and unloading systems for the workpieces.
See Annex A for more details.
This standard covers all foreseeable significant hazards which could be encountered during the lifetime of the machine as listed in clause 5.
This standard does not apply to:
- mobile centrifugal blasting equipment;
- mobile air blasting equipment;
- wet blasting equipment;
- the general works compressed air supply system.
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This noise test code specifies all the information necessary to carry out efficiently and under standardized conditions the determination, declaration and verification of the noise emission values of several groups of foundry machinery. It specifies noise measurement methods that are available and operating and mounting conditions that shall be used for the test.
Noise emission values include emission sound pressure levels at work stations and the sound power level. The determination of these quantities is necessary for:
- manufacturers to declare the noise emitted;
- comparing the noise emitted by machines in the group concerned;
- purposes of noise control at the source at the design stage.
The use of this standard ensures the reproducibility of the determination of the !noise emission values" within specified limits determined by the grade of accuracy of the basic noise measurement method used. Noise measurement methods allowed by this standard are engineering methods (grade 2) and survey methods (grade 3).
This standard has a main body giving general requirements common to the foundry machines family. Six normative Annexes give requirements specific to the groups of foundry machinery listed below:
- core making machines (EN 710);
- moulding machines (EN 710);
- knock-out grids and knock-out trays (EN 710);
- dry abrasive blasting equipment (not restricted to foundry application) (EN 1248);
- air blasting equipment (EN 1248);
- diecasting machines (EN 869);
and six informative Annexes giving guidance for the definition of specific operating conditions.
The main body of this standard also gives guidance for the measurement of the noise emission of foundry machines not dealt with in the Annexes.
This standard does not cover the computation of personnel daily noise exposure.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
ISO 8406:2008 specifies the basic dimensions, in millimetres, of round locating elements and spacers, intended for use in moulds for the accurate location of two mould parts with respect to each other. It also specifies the material, hardness and designation of the locating elements and their spacers that are in accordance with its specifications.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 10907-1:2008 specifies the basic dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, of locating rings for mounting of moulds (see Figure 1) without thermal insulating sheets, suitable for injection moulding machines up to size E12 (according to EUROMAP 2), type A (with bore) and type B (without bore). It also gives material guidelines and hardness requirements, and specifies the designation of locating rings that are in accordance with its specifications.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 10073:2008 specifies the dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, for support pillars intended for use in pressure die-cast dies and in plastics and rubber moulds. It covers materials and hardness, and specifies the designation of support pillars which meet its requirements.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 24233:2007 presents a tool specification sheet for diecasting dies, for use both when requesting (at the tendering stage) and when ordering the tools. The sheet specifies the data necessary for material acquisition, equipment and the structural design of diecasting dies, including the tool surfaces, as well as information relating to machine‑specific data, types of operation and warranty. ISO 24233:2007 is not applicable to compression moulds or injection moulds.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard9 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 10907-2:2007 specifies the basic dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, of locating rings, for the mounting of moulds with thermal insulating sheets, suitable for injection moulding machines up to size E12, in accordance with EUROMAP 2, types C (with bore) and D (without bore). ISO 10907-2:2007 also gives material guidelines and hardness requirements, and specifies the designation of the locating rings that conform to it.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 8018:2007 specifies the dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, for headed guide bushes and headed locating guide bushes intended for use in moulds.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 9449:2007 specifies the dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, for centring sleeves intended to be used for locating the spacing blocks in relation to the fixed clamp plates in moulds. ISO 9449:2006 gives indications concerning materials and hardness, and specifies the designation of centring sleeves which meet the requirements of this document.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard3 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesRussian languagesale 15% off
ISO 8017:2007 specifies the dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, for headed, straight and shouldered guide pillars and shouldered locating guide pillars intended for use in moulds.
- Standard8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard8 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 10072:2004 specifies the main dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, of sprue bushes that are used mainly in injection moulds for plastics and rubbers. It also specifies the hardness and designation of sprue bushes conforming to this document.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 16915:2003 specifies the main dimensions and tolerances, in millimetres, of sprue pullers, which are used mainly in injection moulds for plastics and rubbers. It also specifies the material, hardness and designation of sprue pullers conforming to this document.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This Standard specifies the requirements for patterns, pattern equipment and coreboxes for the production of sand moulds and/or sand cores. This Standard does not specify equipment for the production of lost patterns, permanent moulds and die casting dies. This Standard does not specify the requirements for ancillary items used in the manufacture of pattern equipment (such as screws, dowels, etc.).
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This standard specifies the requirements for tooling for the production of lost patterns for the lost wax process including soluble wax cores, and the production of ceramic cores. This standard does not specify equipment used to produce castings by the Shaw process. This standard does not specify the processes which directly generate the lost pattern(s) by means of numerical data such as stereolithography or sintered wax process or laminated object manufacturing (LOM).
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This Standard specifies the requirements for tooling for the production of lost patterns by the lost foam process.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard7 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document applies to high pressure die casting machines:
a) hot-chamber die casting machines (horizontal or vertical die closing system), and
b) horizontal/vertical cold-chamber die casting machines (horizontal or a vertical die closing system).
It applies to high pressure die casting units, i.e., high pressure die casting machines (HPDCM) and their interfaces with the following ancillary equipment:
c) die,
d) melting, holding and dosing furnaces (see ISO 13577-1),
e) metal feeding equipment,
f) inserting and removal devices,
g) spraying appliances,
h) heat exchanger for the die.
This ancillary equipment itself is not covered.
Additional risks arising from the material being cast are not covered.
This standard does not apply to low pressure die casting machines and/or gravity die casting machines.
This standard deal with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to pressure die casting machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). It provides the requirements to be met by the manufacturer to ensure the safety of persons and property during transport, commissioning, use, de-commissioning and maintenance periods, as well as in the event of foreseeable failures or malfunctions that can occur in the equipment
- Draft49 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Amendment21 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft51 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft27 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft9 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft51 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft27 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Draft9 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Amendment21 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day