M/079 - Machines

This document specifies a noise test code for determining, efficiently and under standardized
conditions, the common noise emission characteristics of portable, hand-held, combustion engine
powered forest and garden machines, and specific requirements for chain-saws, brush-cutters, grasstrimmers,
edgers, pole-mounted powered pruners, hedge-trimmers and garden blowers/vacuums/
knapsack mist blowers. Noise emission characteristics include the A-weighted emission sound pressure
level at the operator position and the A-weighted sound power level.
Noise test codes as described in this document enable the manufacturer to verify the effort regarding
low noise design.

1.1 This document specifies, in accordance with ISO 10326-1:2016, a laboratory method for measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of the seat suspension in reducing the vertical whole-body vibration transmitted to the operator of earth-moving machines at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz. It also specifies acceptance criteria for application to seats on different machines.
1.2 This document is applicable to operator seats used on earth-moving machines as defined in
ISO 6165.
1.3 This document defines the input spectral classes required for the following earth-moving machines.
Each class defines a group of machines having similar vibration characteristics:
— rigid-frame dumpers >4 500 kg operating mass;
— articulated-frame dumpers;
— scrapers without axle or frame suspension1);
— wheeled loaders >4 500 kg operating mass;
— graders;
— wheeled dozers;
— soil compactors;
— backhoe loaders;
— crawler dumpers;
— crawler loaders;
— crawler-dozers ≤50 000 kg operating mass2);
— compact dumpers ≤4 500 kg operating mass;
— wheeled compact loaders ≤4 500 kg operating mass;
— skid-steer loaders, wheeled ≤4 500 kg and tracked ≤6 000 kg operating mass.
1.4 The following machines impart sufficiently low vertical vibration inputs at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz to the seat during operation that these seats do not require suspension for the attenuation of transmitted vibration:
— excavators, including walking excavators and cable excavators3);
— trenchers;
— landfill compactors;
— non-vibratory rollers, except soil compactors;
— vibratory rollers, except soil compactors;
— pipelayers;
— horizontal directional drills (HDD).
1.5 The tests and criteria defined in this document are intended for operator seats used in earthmoving machines of conventional design.
NOTE Other tests can be appropriate for machines with design features that result in significantly different vibration characteristics.
1.6 Vibration which reaches the operator other than through the seat, for example that sensed by the operator’s feet on the platform or control pedals or by the operator´s hands on the steering-wheel, is not covered.

1.1 This document specifies, in accordance with ISO 10326‑1:2016, a laboratory method for measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of the seat suspension in reducing the vertical whole-body vibration transmitted to the operator of earth-moving machines at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz. It also specifies acceptance criteria for application to seats on different machines.
1.2 This document is applicable to operator seats used on earth-moving machines as defined in ISO 6165.
1.3 This document defines the input spectral classes required for the following earth-moving machines. Each class defines a group of machines having similar vibration characteristics:
— rigid-frame dumpers >4 500 kg operating mass;
— articulated-frame dumpers;
— scrapers without axle or frame suspension[1];
— wheeled loaders >4 500 kg operating mass;
— graders;
— wheeled dozers;
— soil compactors;
— backhoe loaders;
— crawler dumpers;
— crawler loaders;
— crawler-dozers ≤50 000 kg operating mass[2];
— compact dumpers ≤4 500 kg operating mass;
— wheeled compact loaders ≤4 500 kg operating mass;
— skid-steer loaders, wheeled ≤4 500 kg and tracked ≤6 000 kg operating mass.
1.4 The following machines impart sufficiently low vertical vibration inputs at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz to the seat during operation that these seats do not require suspension for the attenuation of transmitted vibration:
— excavators, including walking excavators and cable excavators[3];
— trenchers;
— landfill compactors;
— non-vibratory rollers, except soil compactors;
— vibratory rollers, except soil compactors;
— pipelayers;
— horizontal directional drills (HDD).
1.5 The tests and criteria defined in this document are intended for operator seats used in earth-moving machines of conventional design.
NOTE Other tests can be appropriate for machines with design features that result in significantly different vibration characteristics.
1.6 Vibration which reaches the operator other than through the seat, for example that sensed by the operator's feet on the platform or control pedals or by the operator´s hands on the steering-wheel, is not covered.
[1] For scrapers with suspension, either a seat with no suspension can be used, or one having a suspension with high damping.
[2] For crawler dozers greater than 50 000 kg, the seat performance requirements are suitably provided by a cushion type seat.
[3] For excavators, the predominant vibration is generally in the fore and aft (X) axis.

This European Standard specifies minimum gaps relative to parts of the human body and is applicable when adequate safety can be achieved by this method. Its object is to enable the user (e.g. standard makers, designers of machinery) to avoid hazards from crushing zones. This European Standard is applicable to risks from crushing hazards only and is not applicable to other possible hazards, e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in.

ISO 13854:2017 enables the user (e.g. standard makers, designers of machinery) to avoid hazards from crushing zones. It specifies minimum gaps relative to parts of the human body and is applicable when adequate safety can be achieved by this method.
ISO 13854:2017 is applicable to risks from crushing hazards only and is not applicable to other possible hazards, e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in.
NOTE For impact, shearing, drawing-in hazards, additional or other measures are to be taken.

This standard specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the
design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance)
of machines for cold working of metal with geometrically-defined cutting edge tools (milling).
This international standard takes account of intended use, including reasonably foreseeable misuse, maintenance, cleaning,
and setting operations. It specifies access conditions to operators positions and manual load/unload stations. It presumes
accessibility to the machine from all directions. It describes means to reduce risks to operators and other exposed persons.
This standard includes the following machines but is not limited to these:
a) Milling machines including machines capable of performing boring operations,
b) Numerical controlled milling machines, milling- and machining centres,
c) Transfer and special purpose machines,
which are designed to process only a pre-specified metal or analogous material workpiece, or limited family of similar
workpieces by means of a predetermined sequence of machining operations and process parameters.
This international standard also applies to workpiece transfer devices including transport devices for loading/unloading
when they form an integral part of the machine.
This international standard deals with significant hazards relevant to milling machines when they are used as intended and
under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4).
Hazards arising from other metal working processes (e.g. grinding, turning, friction welding, forming, EDM, laser
processing) are covered by other standards (see Bibliography).
This international standard applies to machines which are manufactured after its date of publication.

1.1   General
This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, the operation and the maintenance of maintenance stairs and platforms when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative. It also takes into account some requirements recognized as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
These machines are designed to be used as aircraft ground support equipment with the intended use to serve aircraft in outdoor conditions on the apron. They may also be used indoors at hangars. The use of such equipment for operations not in conjunction with aircraft is not defined as intended use therein. Due to the good operational conditions on the apron, deviations from some clauses of EN 280 were deemed acceptable.
This European Standard applies to:
a)   self-propelled fixed or adjustable maintenance stairs and elevating platforms;
b)   towable maintenance stairs and platforms equipped with powered means, e.g. for height adjustment, stabilizers,
designed for aircraft maintenance purposes including access to the aircraft.   
NOTE 1   Powered will be also understood as manual effort stored in springs or hydraulic accumulators, etc., the dangerous action of which can be produced or can continue after the manual effort has ceased or directly applied manual effort for lifting or lowering loads.
NOTE 2   Those clauses of this standard that can apply may also be used as a guideline for the design of towable maintenance stairs and platforms without powered means.
This European Standard does not apply to:
c)   maintenance docks either fixed to the ground or moveable only for docking procedure.
d)   ground support equipment specifically intended, built and equipped with a fluid system for aircraft de-icing and anti-icing (see EN 12312 6).
NOTE 3   This does not prevent aircraft de-icers meeting the requirements of EN 12312–6 from being used as a means of access for aircraft maintenance, e.g. windshield cleaning, etc.
e)   mobile elevating work platforms (MEWP) used at the airports for purposes other than aircraft maintenance, e.g. buildings and facilities (see EN 280).
This standard does not establish requirements for hazards caused by noise and vibration.
NOTE 4   EN 1915–3 and EN 1915–4 provide the general GSE vibration and noise requirements.
This European Standard does not deal with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and from other vehicles on the apron.
This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to maintenance stairs and platforms which are manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN.
This part of EN 12312 when used in conjunction with EN 1915 1, EN 1915 2, EN 1915 3 and EN 1915 4 provides the requirements for maintenance stairs and platforms.
1.2   Classification
For the purposes of this European Standard, Mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs) to be used for aircraft maintenance access are divided into two main groups A and B:
a)   Group A: MEWPs where the vertical projection of the centre of the platform area is always inside the tipping lines.
NOTE   See 5.2 hereafter for requirements applying to Group A MEWPs.
b)   Group B: MEWPs where the vertical projection of the centre of the platform area may be outside the tipping lines.
NOTE   See 5.3 hereafter for requirements applying to Group B MEWPs.
c)   In addition, Group C consists of maintenance access stairs, where persons are not elevated by the machine but climb a flight of steps.
NOTE   See 5.4 hereafter for requirements applying to Group C maintenance stairs.
Relating to travelling, MEWPs are divided into three types:
d)   Type 1: Travelling is only allowed with the MEWP in its transport position;

1.1   General
This document specifies the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, the operation and the maintenance of maintenance or service stairs and platforms when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative. It also takes into account some requirements recognized as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
These machines are designed to be used as aircraft ground support equipment with the intended use to serve aircraft in outdoor conditions on the apron. They can also be used indoors at hangars. The use of such equipment for operations not in conjunction with aircraft is not defined as intended use therein. Due to the good operational conditions on the apron, deviations from some clauses of EN 280 were deemed acceptable.
This European Standard applies to:
a)   self-propelled fixed or adjustable maintenance or service stairs and elevating platforms;
b)   towable maintenance or service stairs and platforms equipped with powered means, e.g. for height adjustment, stabilizers;
designed for aircraft maintenance or service purposes including access to the aircraft.
NOTE 1   Powered will be also understood as manual effort stored in springs or hydraulic accumulators, etc., the dangerous action of which can be produced or can continue after the manual effort has ceased or directly applied manual effort for lifting or lowering loads.
NOTE 2   Those clauses of this standard that can apply can also be used as a guideline for the design of towable maintenance or service stairs and platforms without powered means.
This European Standard does not apply to:
c)   maintenance docks either fixed to the ground or moveable only for docking procedure;
d)   ground support equipment specifically intended, built and equipped with a fluid system for aircraft de-icing and anti-icing (see EN 12312 6);
NOTE 3   This does not prevent aircraft de-icers meeting the requirements of EN 12312 6 from being used as a means of access for aircraft maintenance, e.g. windshield cleaning, etc.
e)   mobile elevating work platforms (MEWP) used at the airports for purposes other than aircraft maintenance, e.g. buildings and facilities (see EN 280).
No extra requirements on noise and vibration are provided other than those given in EN 1915 3 and EN 1915 4.
NOTE 4   EN 1915 3 and EN 1915 4 provide the general GSE vibration and noise requirements.
This European Standard does not deal with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and from other vehicles on the apron.
This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to maintenance or service stairs and platforms which are manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN.
This part of EN 12312 when used in conjunction with EN 1915 1, EN 1915 2, EN 1915 3 and EN 1915 4 provides the requirements for maintenance or service stairs and platforms.
1.2   Classification
For the purposes of this document, mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs) used for aircraft maintenance access are divided into two main groups A and B. In addition, group C is considered as described in c) hereafter:
a)   Group A: MEWPs where the vertical projection of the centre of the platform area is always inside the tipping lines.
NOTE 1   See 5.2 hereafter for the specific requirements applying to Group A MEWPs.
b)   Group B: MEWPs where the vertical projection of the centre of the platform area may be outside the tipping lines.
NOTE 2   See 5.3 hereafter for the specific requirements applying to Group B MEWPs.
c)   Group C consists of maintenance or service access stairs, where persons are not elevated by the machine but climb a flight of steps.
(...)

This standard specifies technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design (as defined in EN 12100), manufacture and supply of hydraulic presses which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal.
This standard applies in combination with ISO 16092-1. Both parts together cover all significant hazards relevant for hydraulic presses which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4).

This International standard specifies technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of presses and ancillary devices which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal.
The requirements in this International standard take account of intended use, as defined in 3.22 of ISO 12100-1:2003. This standard presumes access to the press from all directions, deals with the hazards during the various phases of the life of the machine described in clause 4, and specifies the safety measures for both the operator and other exposed persons.
This International Standard also applies to ancillary devices which are an integral part of the press. This standard also applies to machines which are part of an integrated manufacturing system where the hazards and risk arising are comparable to those of machines working separately.
The presses covered by this standard which transmit force mechanically to cut, form, or work cold metal or other sheet materials by means of tools or dies attached to or operated by slides/ram in range in size from small high speed machines with a single operator producing small work-pieces to large relatively slow speed machines with several operators and large work-pieces.
This standard also covers presses whose primary intended use is to work cold metal, which are to be used in the same way to work other sheet materials (e.g. cardboard, plastic, rubber, leather)
This part of ISO 16092 does not cover machines whose principal designed purpose is:
a) metal cutting by guillotine;
b) attaching a fastener, e.g. riveting, stapling or stitching;
c) bending or folding by press brakes or folding machines;
d) straightening;
e) turret punch pressing;
f) extruding;
g) drop forging or drop stamping;
h) compaction of metal powder;
i) single purpose punching machines designed exclusively for profiles, e.g. for the construction industry;
j) spot welding;
k) tube bending;
l) working by pneumatic hammer;
This standard does not cover hazards related to the use of presses in explosive atmospheres
This standard covers the safety requirements related to the use of programmable electronic systems (PES) and programmable pneumatic systems (PPS).
This standard deals with the common significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to presses and ancillary devices which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4). This part of the standard defines the common safety requirements for presses defined in clause 1.1 and should be used in connection with other parts of the ISO 16092-series

This European Standard specifies designed-in means aimed at preventing unexpected machine start-up to allow safe human interventions in hazard zones. It applies to unexpected start-up from all types of energy source, i.e.  power supply, e.g. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, stored energy due to, e.g., gravity, compressed springs and external influences, e.g. from wind.

ISO 16090-1:2017 specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures for the design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of stationary milling machines (see 3.1.1), including machines capable of performing boring operations (see 3.1.2), machining centres and transfer machines which are intended to cut cold metal, and other non-combustible cold materials except for wood or materials with physical characteristics similar to those of wood as defined in ISO 19085‑1, and for glass, stone and engineered/agglomerated materials as defined in EN 14618.
ISO 16090-1:2017 covers the following machines:
a) manually, without numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.1, Group 1), e.g. knee and column type milling machines (see Figures C.1 and C.2);
b) manually, with limited numerical control, operated boring and milling machines (see 3.2.2, Group 2), e.g. profile and contouring milling machines (see Figures C.3 and C.4);
c) numerically controlled milling machines and machining centres (see 3.2.3, Group 3), e.g. automatic milling machines and milling centres, e.g. multi-spindle milling machines, gear-milling machines (see Figures C.5, C.6 and C.7);
d) transfer and special-purpose machines (see 3.2.4, Group 4), which are designed to process only pre-specified workpieces or limited range of similar workpieces by means of a predetermined sequence of machining operations and process parameters (see Figures C.8, C.9, C.10, C.11, C.12 and C.13).
ISO 16090-1:2017 also applies to machines fitted with the following devices/facilities:
- tool magazine(s);
- tool changer(s);
- workpiece handling mechanism(s);
- powered workpiece clamping mechanism(s);
- swarf/chip conveyor(s);
- power-operated door(s);
- additional equipment for turning;
- additional equipment for grinding.
When in this document the sole word "machine" or "machines" is being used, it is referred to all above-mentioned groups and types of machines.
ISO 16090-1:2017 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to this type of machinery which may occur during transportation, assembly and installation, setting, operation, cleaning and maintenance, troubleshooting, dismantling or disabling according to ISO 12100, when the machinery is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
ISO 16090-1:2017 presumes accessibility to the machine from all directions and specifies access conditions to operator positions. It also applies to workpiece transfer devices including transport devices for loading/unloading when they form an integral part of the machine.

ISO 16092-3:2017, in addition to ISO 16092‑1, specifies the technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of hydraulic presses which are intended to work cold metal or material partly made up of cold metal.
The presses covered by this document range in size from small high-speed machines with a single operator producing small workpieces to large relatively slow-speed machines with several operators and large complex workpieces.
ISO 16092-3:2017 deals with all significant hazards relevant for hydraulic presses when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). All the phases of the lifetime of the machinery as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4 have been taken into consideration.

ISO 16092-1:2017 specifies technical safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, manufacture and supply of presses which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal, but which can be used in the same way to work other sheet materials (e.g. cardboard, plastic, rubber, leather, etc.).
NOTE 1 The design of a machine includes the study of the machine itself, taking into account all phases of the "life" of the machine mentioned in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, and the drafting of the instructions related to all the above phases.
The requirements in this document take account of intended use, as defined in ISO 12100:2010, 3.23, as well as reasonably foreseeable misuse, as defined in ISO 12100:2010, 3.24. This document presumes access to the press from all directions, deals with all significant hazards during the various phases of the life of the machine described in Clause 4, and specifies the safety measures for both the operator and other exposed persons.
NOTE 2 All significant hazards means those identified or associated with presses at the time of the publication of this document.
ISO 16092-1:2017 applies to presses which can function independently and can also be used as a guide for the design of presses which are intended to be integrated in a manufacturing system.
The covered presses transmit force mechanically to cut, form, or work cold metal or other sheet materials by means of tools or dies attached to or operated by slides/ram in range in size from small high speed machines with a single operator producing small workpieces to large relatively slow speed machines with several operators and large workpieces.
ISO 16092-1:2017 does not cover machines whose principal designed purpose is:
a) metal cutting by guillotine;
b) attaching a fastener, e.g. riveting, stapling or stitching;
c) bending or folding by press brakes or folding machines;
d) straightening;
e) turret punch pressing;
f) extruding;
g) drop forging or drop stamping;
h) compaction of metal powder;
i) single purpose punching machines designed exclusively for profiles, e.g. used in the construction industry;
j) spot welding;
k) tube bending;
l) working by pneumatic hammer.
This document does not cover hazards related to the use of presses in explosive atmospheres.
ISO 16092-1:2017 covers the safety requirements related to the use of programmable electronic systems (PES) and programmable pneumatic systems (PPS).
ISO 16092-1:2017 is not applicable to presses which are manufactured before the date of its publication.
ISO 16092-1:2017 deals with the common significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to presses and ancillary devices which are intended to work cold metal or material partly of cold metal (see Clause 4). This document defines the common safety requirements for presses defined in this clause and shall be used in connection with other parts of the ISO 16092 series.
Specific hazards which are related to the type presses used are dealt with in ISO 16092‑2, ISO 16092‑3 and ISO 16092‑4.

ISO 14118:2017 specifies requirements for designed-in means aimed at preventing unexpected machine start-up (see 3.2) to allow safe human interventions in danger zones (see Annex A).
ISO 14118:2017 applies to unexpected start-up from all types of energy source, i.e.:
- power supply, e.g. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic;
- stored energy due to, e.g. gravity, compressed springs;
- external influences, e.g. from wind.
ISO 14118:2017 does not specify performance levels or safety integrity levels for safety-related parts of control systems. While available means to prevent unexpected start-up are identified, this document does not specify the means for the prevention of unexpected machine start-up for specific machines.
NOTE A type-C standard can define the required means for the prevention of harm arising from unexpected start-up. Otherwise, the requirements for a specific machine need to be determined by risk assessment outside the scope of this document.

This International standard specifies the safety requirements and measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, construction and supply (including installation, setting up, maintenance, and repair) of machines, as defined in clause 3 of this standard, whose primary intended use is for sawing cold metal (ferrous and non-ferrous), or material partly of cold metal, by means of a sawing tool.
This international standard takes into account the intended use, reasonably foreseeable misuse, machine setting and blade fitting, maintenance and cleaning, and their effects on the safety of operators and other exposed persons. It presumes access to the machine from all directions at floor level and addresses both normal operation and unexpected or unintended starting.
This international standard covers the significant hazards indicated in clause 4 and applies also to the ancillary devices (i.e. handling equipment for work pieces, chip conveyor) which form an integral part of the machine. Where such devices are not an integral part of the machine, the designer, manufacturer or supplier of the installation should take into account their intended use, and should make provision for the safe linking of such devices with the machine.
This standard applies to (metal) sawing machines which are manufactured after the date of publication by CEN of this standard.

ISO 16093:2017 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events to sawing machines as defined in Clause 3, whose primary intended use is for sawing cold metal (ferrous and non-ferrous), or material partly of cold metal and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
ISO 16093:2017 is applicable to (metal) sawing machines which are manufactured after the date of publication of this document.
When additional processing (i.e. milling, boring, marking, finishing operation, etc.) is considered, this document can serve as a basis for safety requirements. For more detailed information, refer to the bibliography.
ISO 16093:2017 deals with noise hazards but does not provide a full noise test code. It is intended to draft such a code in the next revision of this document.
ISO 16093:2017 does not include requirements and safety measures for fire and explosion hazards. It is intended to deal with them in the next revision of this document.

This part of ISO 3691 gives safety requirements and the means for their verification, additional to those
of ISO 3691-1, for industrial trucks with a vertical, non-tilting mast:
a) those trucks having an elevating operator position, and order‑picking trucks, as defined in
ISO 5053-1, where the elevating operator position and the load‑handling device lifts to a height of
more than 1 200 mm above ground level;
b) lateral- and front-stacking trucks, as defined in ISO 5053-1, designed to travel with a load-handling
device elevated more than 1 200 mm above ground level, with the load-handling device elevated,
lowered or laterally displaced, laden or unladen, while the truck is travelling.
These trucks are designed to travel indoors on a smooth, level surface (e.g. concrete) and can be guided,
unguided, or both, when in use; they are not intended to tow or push.
This part of ISO 3691 is not applicable to stacker trucks which handle two loads, one on the forks and
the other on the support arms, this type of truck being covered by ISO 3691-1.
It is not applicable to trucks with an elevating operator position up to and including 1 200 mm, or to
trucks specifically designed to travel with an elevated load having a fork height up to and including
1 200 mm above ground level.
It is not applicable to low-level order pickers with elevating operator’s position up to and including
1 200 mm lift height which can be equipped with an additional load lifting device having a maximum
lift height of 1 800 mm from ground level.
This part of ISO 3691 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations, or hazardous events, as
listed in Annex A, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of
misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur when using trucks on public roads or
when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres.
Regional requirements, additional to the requirements given in this part of ISO 3691, are addressed in
ISO/TS 3691-7 and ISO/TS 3691-8.

ISO 3691-3:2016 gives safety requirements and the means for their verification, additional to those of ISO 3691‑1, for industrial trucks with a vertical, non-tilting mast:
a) those trucks having an elevating operator position, and order‑picking trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, where the elevating operator position and the load‑handling device lifts to a height of more than 1 200 mm above ground level;
b) lateral- and front-stacking trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, designed to travel with a load-handling device elevated more than 1 200 mm above ground level, with the load-handling device elevated, lowered or laterally displaced, laden or unladen, while the truck is travelling.
These trucks are designed to travel indoors on a smooth, level surface (e.g. concrete) and can be guided, unguided, or both, when in use; they are not intended to tow or push.
ISO 3691-3:2016 is not applicable to stacker trucks which handle two loads, one on the forks and the other on the support arms, this type of truck being covered by ISO 3691‑1.
It is not applicable to trucks with an elevating operator position up to and including 1 200 mm, or to trucks specifically designed to travel with an elevated load having a fork height up to and including 1 200 mm above ground level.
It is not applicable to low-level order pickers with elevating operator's position up to and including 1 200 mm lift height which can be equipped with an additional load lifting device having a maximum lift height of 1 800 mm from ground level.
ISO 3691-3:2016 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations, or hazardous events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur when using trucks on public roads or when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres.
Regional requirements, additional to the requirements given in this part of ISO 3691, are addressed in ISO/TS 3691‑7 and ISO/TS 3691‑8.

This European Standard identifies material independent performance characteristics, except resistance to fire and smoke control characteristics, that are applicable to windows (including roof windows, roof windows with external fire resistance and door height windows), external pedestrian doorsets (and their assemblies, including unframed glass doorsets, escape route doorsets) and screens.
Fire resisting and/or smoke control characteristics for pedestrian doorsets and openable windows are covered by EN 16034.
This European Standard applies to:
a)   fixed windows or fixed lights, manually or power operated windows and door height windows, and screens for installation in vertical wall apertures and roof windows for installation in roofs, complete with:
1)   related hardware, if any;
2)   weather stripping, if any;
3)   glazed apertures when intended to have glazed apertures;
4)   with or without incorporated shutters and/or shutter boxes and/or blinds;
and manually or power operated windows, roof windows, door height windows and screens that are:
5)   fully or partially glazed including any non-transparent infill;
6)   fixed or partly fixed or openable with one or more casements/sashes (e.g. hinged, projecting, pivoted, sliding);
b)   manually operated external pedestrian doorsets with flush or panelled leaves, complete with:
1)   integral fanlights, if any;
2)   adjacent parts that are contained within a single frame for inclusion in a single aperture, if any.
The windows covered by this standard are not assessed regarding their ability to release (to open).
The products covered by this European Standard are not assessed for structural applications.
This European Standard does not apply to:
-   rooflights according to EN 1873 and EN 14963;
-   curtain walling according to EN 13830;
-   industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates according to EN 13241;
-   internal pedestrian doorsets according to prEN 14351 2;
-   revolving doorsets;
-   power operated pedestrian doorsets according to EN 16361;
-   windows intended to be part of internal partition.

TC - Addition of information in European Foreword

This European Standard identifies material independent performance characteristics, except resistance to fire and smoke control characteristics, that are applicable to windows (including roof windows, roof windows with external fire resistance and door height windows), external pedestrian doorsets (and their assemblies, including unframed glass doorsets, escape route doorsets) and screens.
Fire resisting and/or smoke control characteristics for pedestrian doorsets and openable windows are covered by EN 16034.
This European Standard applies to:
a)   fixed windows or fixed lights, manually or power operated windows and door height windows, and screens for installation in vertical wall apertures and roof windows for installation in roofs, complete with:
1)   related hardware, if any;
2)   weather stripping, if any;
3)   glazed apertures when intended to have glazed apertures;
4)   with or without incorporated shutters and/or shutter boxes and/or blinds;
and manually or power operated windows, roof windows, door height windows and screens that are:
5)   fully or partially glazed including any non-transparent infill;
6)   fixed or partly fixed or openable with one or more casements/sashes (e.g. hinged, projecting, pivoted, sliding);
b)   manually operated external pedestrian doorsets with flush or panelled leaves, complete with:
1)   integral fanlights, if any;
2)   adjacent parts that are contained within a single frame for inclusion in a single aperture, if any.
The windows covered by this standard are not assessed regarding their ability to release (to open).
The products covered by this European Standard are not assessed for structural applications.
This European Standard does not apply to:
-   rooflights according to EN 1873 and EN 14963;
-   curtain walling according to EN 13830;
-   industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates according to EN 13241;
-   internal pedestrian doorsets according to prEN 14351 2;
-   revolving doorsets;
-   power operated pedestrian doorsets according to EN 16361;
-   windows intended to be part of internal partition.

TC - Addition of information in European Foreword

This European Standard specifies a procedure which leads to the selection of critical factors relating to emissions of hazardous substances for the purpose of specifying suitable verification procedures.

This part of ISO 3691 gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for self-propelled
carriers designed for carrying burdens without lifting, as defined in ISO 5053, and/or personnel
carriers, having three or more wheels, a maximum speed not exceeding 56 km/h and a load capacity not
exceeding 5 000 kg (hereafter referred to as carriers or trucks).
This part of ISO 3691 is applicable to trucks equipped with a platform (which can be tilting) for the
purpose of carrying materials or with a number of seats for the purpose of transporting passengers.
It is not applicable to
— vehicles intended primarily for earth-moving or over-the-road hauling,
— driverless trucks,
— golf cars,
— tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N equipped with a platform for the purpose
of carrying materials.
This part of ISO 3691 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events, as
listed in Annex A, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of
misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur when using trucks on public roads or when
operating in potentially explosive atmospheres.
Regional requirements, additional to the requirements given in this part of ISO 3691, are addressed in
ISO/TS 3691-7 and ISO/TS 3691-8.

This European Standard deals with principles for the control of risks to health due to hazardous substances from machinery.
This European Standard is not applicable to substances which are a hazard to health solely because of their explosive, flammable or radioactive properties or their behaviour at extremes of temperature or pressure.

The document specifies general requirements for the design and construction of guards provided primarily to protect persons from mechanical hazards. The standard applies primary to machines which are manufactured after the date of issue of this standard.
Attention is drawn to the use of guards to minimise exposure to non-mechanical hazards. The requirements are applicable if fixed and movable guards are used. The standard does not cover those parts of guards which actuate interlocking devices. These are covered by EN 1088 (ISO 14119). This document does not provide requirements for special systems relating specifically to mobility and ability to lift loads like rollover protective structures (ROPS) and falling-object protective structures (FOPS).

This European Standard specifies electrical and flammability safety requirements for conveyor belts
intended for use in underground installations, in the presence of flammable or non-flammable
atmospheres.
Conveyor belts covered by this European Standard and intended for use in flammable atmospheres are
intended for use on conveyor belt installations (machinery in mines). The belt is a component or part of
equipment, which can be incorporated into the conveyor, which is an equipment of Group I, Category
M2, as defined in 3.2.2 of EN 13463-1:2009.
This European Standard is not applicable to light conveyor belts as described in EN ISO 21183-1:2006
nor is it applicable to conveyor belts which are manufactured before the date of publication of this
document by CEN.
This European Standard deals with those significant hazards detailed in A.1.
Attention is drawn to Annexes ZA and ZB.
NOTE A summary of the requirements of this European Standard is given in Table 2. This is intended for
quick reference only.

This International Standard specifies functional requirements and design principles for the emergency
stop function on machinery, independent of the type of energy used.
It does not deal with functions such as reversal or limitation of motion, deflection of emissions (e.g.
radiation, fluids), shielding, braking or disconnecting, which can be part of the emergency stop function.
The requirements for this International Standard apply to all machines, with exception to:
— machines where an emergency stop would not reduce the risk;
— hand-held or hand-operated machines.
NOTE The requirements for the realization of the emergency stop function based on electrical/electronic
technology are described in IEC 60204-1.

ISO 14123-2:2015 establishes a methodology that leads to the selection of critical factors relating to emissions of hazardous substances for the purpose of specifying suitable verification procedures.
ISO 14123-2:2015 is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 14123‑1 and relates specifically to ISO 14123‑1:2015, Clause 8.

ISO 14120:2015 specifies general requirements for the design, construction, and selection of guards provided to protect persons from mechanical hazards.
ISO 14120:2015 indicates other hazards that can influence the design and construction of guards.
ISO 14120:2015 applies to guards for machinery which will be manufactured after it is published.
The requirements are applicable if fixed and movable guards are used. This International Standard does not cover interlocking devices. These are covered in ISO 14119.
ISO 14120:2015 does not provide requirements for special systems relating specifically to mobility such as ROPS (rollover protective structures), FOPS (falling-object protective structures), and TOPS (tip over protective structures) or to the ability of machinery to lift loads.

from CEN/TC 188 N362: The revision of EN 14973 should be started to bring it in line with the revised EN 12881-1 and EN 12881-2. (see Resolution 2/2011). The experts present agree that an Annex should be added to EN 14973 to specify that Family approval for belts is possible. Resolution 2/2011: The experts present agree that general revision of EN 14973 and EN 12882 is needed due to the work being done on EN 12881-1 and EN 12881-2.

ISO 14123-1:2015 establishes principles for the control of risks to health resulting from hazardous substances emitted by machinery.
ISO 14123-1:2015 is not applicable to substances that are a hazard to health solely because of their explosive, flammable or radioactive properties or their behaviour at extremes of temperature or pressure.

ISO 13850:2015 Standard specifies functional requirements and design principles for the emergency stop function on machinery, independent of the type of energy used.
It does not deal with functions such as reversal or limitation of motion, deflection of emissions (e.g. radiation, fluids), shielding, braking or disconnecting, which can be part of the emergency stop function.
The requirements for this International Standard apply to all machines, with exception to:
- machines where an emergency stop would not reduce the risk;
- hand-held or hand-operated machines.
NOTE The requirements for the realization of the emergency stop function based on electrical/electronic technology are described in IEC 60204‑1.

ISO 3691-6:2013 gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for self-propelled carriers designed for carrying burdens without lifting, as defined in ISO 5053, and/or personnel carriers, having three or more wheels, a maximum speed not exceeding 56 km/h and a load capacity not exceeding 5 000 kg.
It is applicable to trucks equipped with a platform (which can be tilting) for the purpose of carrying materials or with a number of seats for the purpose of transporting passengers.
It is not applicable to vehicles intended primarily for earth-moving or over-the-road hauling, driverless trucks, golf cars, or tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N equipped with a platform for the purpose of carrying materials.

This standard specifies safety and hygiene requirements for the design and manufacture of dough sheeters used in the food industry and shops (bread-making, pastry-making, sweet industries, bakeries, confectioners, delicatessens, catering facilities, etc) for reducing the thickness of a solid mass of dough or pastry by rolling it out. The operation is generally carried out by passing the dough back and forth between the rollers whose distance apart is reduced progressively either by manual adjustment or automatically.
The standard covers the technical safety requirements for the transport, installation, adjustment, operation, cleaning and maintenance of these machines.
This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to dough sheeters, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 5).
Noise is not considered to be a significant hazard. This does not mean that the manufacturer is absolved from reducing noise and making a noise declaration. Therefore a noise test code is given in Annex B.
The following machines are excluded:
- experimental and testing machines under development by the manufacturer;
- domestic appliances.
This standard is not applicable to dough sheeters which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.

This European Standard specifies safety and hygiene requirements for the design and manufacture of dough sheeters, as described in Clause 3, used in the food industry and craft activities (bread-making, pastry-making, sweet industries, bakeries, confectioners, delicatessens, catering facilities, etc.) for reducing the thickness of a solid mass of dough or pastry by rolling it out.
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the transport, installation, adjustment, operation, cleaning, maintenance, dismantling, disassembling and scrapping of dough mixers, when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to dough sheeters, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 5).
Noise is not considered to be a significant hazard. This does not mean that the manufacturer is absolved from reducing noise and making a noise declaration. Therefore a noise test code is given in Annex B.
The following machines are excluded:
-   experimental and testing machines under development by the manufacturer;
-   dough sheeters where the dough is fed to the rollers by gravity (e.g. pizzabase dough sheeters);
-   domestic appliances ).
This European Standard is not applicable to dough sheeters which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.

This International Standard provides technical information on the design of textile machinery
with reduced noise emissions. Textile machines with a significant noise hazard are defined in
ISO 11111 (all parts).
This International Standard supports the technical designer with the development of low-noise textile
machinery. For this purpose, the significant sources of noise of the individual types of textile machines
and suitable noise control measures are described.
Elements needed for the operation of the textile machine, which are, however, not part of the textile
machine, are not covered by this International Standard (e.g. elements for transportation of process
material, elements for provision of media).

ISO 23771:2015 provides technical information on the design of textile machinery with reduced noise emissions. Textile machines with a significant noise hazard are defined in ISO 11111 (all parts).
ISO 23771:2015 supports the technical designer with the development of low-noise textile machinery. For this purpose, the significant sources of noise of the individual types of textile machines and suitable noise control measures are described.

This standard specifies safety and hygienic design requirements for the manufacture of machines used for the production of pies, tarts, pasties, en croute products and other similar items where the pastry cases are formed by the closing under pressure of one or more forming heads. The standard applies to the following three basic types of machine:
- machines where operators hands enter hazard zone 1 (see 4.1) at each cycle;
- machines which are loaded outside hazard zone 1;
- automatic machines.
Automatic loading devices are not covered by this standard.
This standard applies to electrically, pneumatically and hydraulically powered machines. Manually operated machines are excluded from the scope of this standard.
The safety and hygiene requirements take into account the hazards arising from use (including setting, process changeover, operation), cleaning and maintenance. Hazards arising from foreseeable misuse are also included.
A noise test code is included to assist manufacturers to measure noise level for the purpose of the noise emission declaration.
This document is not applicable to pie and tart machines which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.

This International Standard specifies the maximum permissible values of unbalances for bonded
abrasive wheels with an outside diameter D ≥ 125 mm and maximum operating speed vs ≥ 16 m/s, in the
as-delivered condition.
It also specifies the method for measuring the unbalance and the practical method for testing whether
a grinding wheel is acceptable or not.
This International Standard is applicable to bonded abrasive wheels in the as-delivered condition.
This International Standard is not applicable to
— diamond, cubic boron nitride or natural stone grinding wheels, or
— centreless control wheels, lapping and disc wheels, ball wheels or glass grinding wheels.
NOTE 1 The values given refer to the grinding wheel itself, independent of any unbalance which may exist in
the balancing arbor or in the means of fastening it to this arbor. These various elements, together with the flanges
or hub-flanges, are assumed to be balanced, homogeneous and free from geometrical defects.
NOTE 2 The effects of unbalance are basically
— additional stresses on the arbor, the machine and its mounting,
— excessive wear of the bearings,
— vibration prejudicial to the quality of machining and increased internal stresses in the grinding wheel, and
increased operator fatigue.

1.1   This European Standard specifies safety and hygiene requirements for the design and manufacture of intermediate provers with powered moving pocket carriers as described in Clause 3 and used in the food industry, pastry-making, bakeries, etc. for giving a resting time to dough between different phases of the process.
This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the installation, adjustment, operation, cleaning, maintenance, dismantling, disabling and scrapping of intermediate provers with moving pocket carriers when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
Noise is not considered to be a significant hazard by intermediate provers. This does not mean that the manufacturer of the machine is absolved from reducing noise and making a noise declaration. Therefore a noise test code is proposed in Annex A.
1.2   The following machines are excluded:
-   independent automatic loading system not integrated with the machine;
-   experimental and testing machines under development by the manufacturer;
-   retarder and final proofer.
1.3   This European Standard is not applicable to intermediate provers with moving pocket carriers which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.

ISO 6103:2014 specifies the maximum permissible values of unbalances for bonded abrasive wheels with an outside diameter D ≥ 125 mm and maximum operating speed vs ≥ 16 m/s, in the as-delivered condition. It also specifies the method for measuring the unbalance and the practical method for testing whether a grinding wheel is acceptable or not.
It is applicable to bonded abrasive wheels in the as-delivered condition.
It is not applicable to diamond, cubic boron nitride or natural stone grinding wheels, or to centreless control wheels, lapping and disc wheels, ball wheels or glass grinding wheels.

EN 16228-1 specifies the common safety requirements for drilling and foundation equipment. Part 1 of this European Standard deals with the significant hazards common to drilling and foundation equipment (see Annex A), when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (transport, assembly, dismantling, equipment in service and out of service, maintenance, moving on site, storage, disabling and scrapping).

EN 16228-7, together with part 1, deals with all significant hazards for interchangeable auxiliary equipment when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (see Clause 4). The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 16228-1:2014. This document does not repeat the requirements from EN 16228-1, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for interchangeable auxiliary equipment. This document specifies the specific safety requirements for interchangeable auxiliary equipment to be used in drilling and foundation operations, connected with drilling and foundation equipment, agricultural equipment and/or earth moving machinery when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. Interchangeable auxiliary equipment includes pile installation and extraction equipment, impact hammers, extractors, vibrators, deep vibrators, static pile pushing/pulling devices, rotary percussion hammers, rotary drilling drives, drill mast equipment such as leaders equipped with a drill stem and gears attached to the boom of an excavator and casing oscillators/rotators. Diaphragm wall cutting tools are dealt with in EN 16228-5.

EN 16228-4, together with part 1, deals with all significant hazards for foundation equipment when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (see Clause 4). The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 16228-1:2014 This document does not repeat the requirements from EN 16228-1:2014 but adds or replaces the requirements for application for foundation equipment. In this document the general term “foundation equipment” covers several different types of machines used for installation and/or extracting by drilling (machines with a rotary torque greater than 35 kNm), driving, vibrating, pushing, pulling or a combination of techniques, or any other way, of: - longitudinal foundation elements; - soil improvement by vibrating and soil mixing techniques; - vertical drainage.

EN ISO 11200 is the frame standard introducing the basic group, ISO 11201, ISO 11202, ISO 11203, ISO 11204 and ISO 11205, on the determination of emission sound pressure levels at work stations and other specified positions. It gives guidance for: - facilitating the writing of noise test codes; - providing physical explanations of this noise emission quantity compared to other noise quantities (see 4.1 to 4.3); - comparing the different measurement methods offered by the group (see Table 1); - facilitating the choice of the most appropriate method(s) in typical practical situations (Clause 6). This International Standard is largely based on flow charts and tables. Case studies are described. The guidance given applies to airborne sound only. It is for use in noise testing, in general, and in the preparation of noise test codes, in particular. A standardized noise test code is intended to select standards from the ISO 11201, ISO 11202, ISO 11203, ISO 11204 and ISO 11205 group, which are the most appropriate to the machinery family it covers, and which give detailed requirements on mounting and operating conditions for the particular family, as well as the location of the work station(s) and other specified positions as prescribed in these International Standards. The data so obtained can be used for the declaration and verification of emission sound pressure levels, e.g. as specified in ISO 4871.

EN 16228-5, together with part 1, deals with all significant hazards for diaphragm walling equipment when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (see Clause 4). The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 16228-1:2014.

EN 16228-3, together with part 1, deals with all significant hazards for horizontal directional drilling equipment (HDD) when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (see Clause 4). The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 16228-1:2014.

EN 16228-6, together with part 1, deals with all significant hazards for jetting, grouting and injection equipment when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (see Clause 4). The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in EN 16228-1:2014 This document does not repeat the requirements from EN 16228-1:2014, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for jetting, grouting and injection equipment. Rigs for drilling, vibrating, pile driving, to be used for preparing holes for these applications are covered by EN 16228-2:2014 and/or EN 16228-4:2014.