Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body (ISO 13854:2017)

ISO 13854:2017 enables the user (e.g. standard makers, designers of machinery) to avoid hazards from crushing zones. It specifies minimum gaps relative to parts of the human body and is applicable when adequate safety can be achieved by this method.
ISO 13854:2017 is applicable to risks from crushing hazards only and is not applicable to other possible hazards, e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in.
NOTE       For impact, shearing, drawing-in hazards, additional or other measures are to be taken.

Sicherheit von Maschinen - Mindestabstände zur Vermeidung des Quetschens von Körperteilen (ISO 13854:2017)

Dieses Dokument versetzt den Anwender (z. B. Normensetzer, Konstrukteure von Maschinen) in die Lage, Gefährdungen an Quetschstellen zu vermeiden. Es legt Mindestabstände in Abhängigkeit von Teilen des menschlichen Körpers fest und ist anwendbar, wenn durch dieses Verfahren eine angemessene Sicherheit erreicht werden kann.
Dieses Dokument ist auf Risiken der Gefährdungen durch Quetschen anwendbar und ist nicht anwendbar auf andere mögliche Gefährdungen, z. B. Stoßen, Scheren, Einziehen.
ANMERKUNG Gegen Gefährdungen durch Stoßen, Scheren, Einziehen sind zusätzliche oder andere Maßnahmen zu ergreifen.

Sécurité des machines - Écartements minimaux pour prévenir les risques d'écrasement de parties du corps humain (ISO 13854:2017)

L'ISO 13854 :2017 permet à l'utilisateur (par exemple, rédacteurs de normes, concepteurs de machines) de prévenir les risques occasionnés par les zones d'écrasement. Il spécifie les écartements minimaux relatifs aux parties du corps humain et est applicable lorsqu'une sécurité adéquate peut être obtenue par cette méthode.
L'ISO 13854 :2017 s'applique uniquement aux risques d'écrasement et ne s'applique pas aux autres phénomènes dangereux possibles, par ex. choc, cisaillement, entraînement.
NOTE       Pour des phénomènes dangereux par exemple de choc, cisaillement, entraînement, des mesures supplémentaires ou d'autres dispositions doivent être prises.

Varnost strojev - Najmanjši razmiki, ki preprečujejo zmečkanine na delih človeškega telesa (ISO 13854:2017)

Ta evropski standard določa najmanjše razmike, ki se navezujejo na dele človeškega telesa, in se uporablja, kadar se lahko na ta način doseže ustrezna varnost. Njegov cilj je uporabnik (npr. izdelovalcem standardov, oblikovalcem strojev) omogočiti, da se izogne nevarnosti območij, v katerih lahko pride do zmečkanin. Ta evropski standard se uporablja samo za nevarnosti zmečkanin in se ne uporablja za morebitne druge nevarnosti, npr. udarce, rezanje in vlečenje v stroje.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
04-Feb-2020
Technical Committee
VSN - Safety of machinery
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
03-Oct-2019
Due Date
08-Dec-2019
Completion Date
05-Feb-2020

Relations

Effective Date
02-Oct-2019

Overview

EN ISO 13854:2019 / ISO 13854:2017 - "Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body" provides guidance for avoiding crushing hazards by specifying minimum gaps between moving and fixed parts of machinery. Adopted by CEN as EN ISO 13854:2019, this Type B1 safety standard is intended for use when adequate protection can be achieved solely by maintaining specified clearances. It applies to crushing hazards only and does not address impact, shearing, drawing‑in or other hazard types - additional measures are required for those.

Key topics

  • Scope and intent
    • Defines the method for using minimum gaps to prevent crushing of body parts.
    • Applicable only where gap-sizing alone provides adequate safety.
  • Methodology
    • Follows the iterative risk‑reduction strategy of ISO 12100: identify crushing zones, assess risks, select appropriate minimum gaps, and verify adequacy.
    • Considers accessibility of crushing zones, anthropometry (including children and different ethnic groups), and technical/practical constraints.
  • Selection and application
    • Users select gaps from the standard’s Table 1 (body‑part related values) and apply the value for the largest body part at risk.
    • If required gaps cannot be achieved, the standard mandates additional or alternative protective measures.
  • Practical considerations
    • Account for bulky clothing, tools, and thick‑soled footwear that increase effective body dimensions.
    • Use of protective structures with restricted openings to prevent access of larger body parts is described; opening dimensions and distances relate to guidance in ISO 13857.
  • Supporting material
    • Annex A provides illustrations of crushing zones.
    • Annex ZA links the standard to essential requirements of EU Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC.

Applications

Who uses EN ISO 13854 and why:

  • Machine designers and manufacturers - to design guards and inter‑part clearances that prevent crushing injuries.
  • Standards writers (type‑C standards) - to incorporate minimum‑gap requirements into machine‑specific safety standards.
  • Health & safety bodies and regulators - to evaluate conformity and guide machine safety assessments.
  • Employers and maintenance providers - to assess residual machine risks and decide on supplementary protections.

Practical uses include gap specification during design reviews, hazard assessments, conformity demonstrations under EU machinery regulations, and selection of guarding solutions when space constraints limit other safeguards.

Related standards

  • ISO 12100 - General principles for design; risk assessment and reduction (iterative safety strategy).
  • ISO 13857 - Safety distances to prevent access by upper and lower limbs (complements gap/opening guidance).
  • EN ISO 13854 supersedes earlier EN 349:1993+A1:2008; consult the standard text for normative Table 1 values and detailed application rules.

Keywords: EN ISO 13854, ISO 13854, minimum gaps, safety of machinery, crushing hazards, machine design, guarding, risk assessment.

Standard

SIST EN ISO 13854:2020

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Frequently Asked Questions

SIST EN ISO 13854:2020 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body (ISO 13854:2017)". This standard covers: ISO 13854:2017 enables the user (e.g. standard makers, designers of machinery) to avoid hazards from crushing zones. It specifies minimum gaps relative to parts of the human body and is applicable when adequate safety can be achieved by this method. ISO 13854:2017 is applicable to risks from crushing hazards only and is not applicable to other possible hazards, e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in. NOTE For impact, shearing, drawing-in hazards, additional or other measures are to be taken.

ISO 13854:2017 enables the user (e.g. standard makers, designers of machinery) to avoid hazards from crushing zones. It specifies minimum gaps relative to parts of the human body and is applicable when adequate safety can be achieved by this method. ISO 13854:2017 is applicable to risks from crushing hazards only and is not applicable to other possible hazards, e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in. NOTE For impact, shearing, drawing-in hazards, additional or other measures are to be taken.

SIST EN ISO 13854:2020 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.110 - Safety of machinery. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

SIST EN ISO 13854:2020 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 349:1997+A1:2008. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

SIST EN ISO 13854:2020 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/079, M/396. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.

You can purchase SIST EN ISO 13854:2020 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.

Standards Content (Sample)


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 349:1997+A1:2008
Varnost strojev - Najmanjši razmiki, ki preprečujejo zmečkanine na delih
človeškega telesa (ISO 13854:2017)
Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body (ISO
13854:2017)
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Mindestabstände zur Vermeidung des Quetschens von
Körperteilen (ISO 13854:2017)
Sécurité des machines - Écartements minimaux pour prévenir les risques d'écrasement
de parties du corps humain (ISO 13854:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 13854:2019
ICS:
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 13854
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.110 Supersedes EN 349:1993+A1:2008
English Version
Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of
parts of the human body (ISO 13854:2017)
Sécurité des machines - Écartements minimaux pour Sicherheit von Maschinen - Mindestabstände zur
prévenir les risques d'écrasement de parties du corps Vermeidung des Quetschens von Körperteilen (ISO
humain (ISO 13854:2017) 13854:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 November 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 13854:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 4

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 13854:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199 "Safety of
machinery" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery” the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2020, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 349:1993+A1:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For the relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 13854:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13854:2019 without any modification.

Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request „M/396
Mandate to CEN and CENELEC for Standardisation in the field of machinery“ to provide one voluntary
means of conforming to essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament
and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast).
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive,
compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of
the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements
of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 –Correspondence between this European Standard and Annex I of Directive
2006/42/EC
Essential Requirement of Clause(s)/ subclause(s) of this Remarks/ Notes
Directive EN
1.1.2 a) 4.1 b)
1.1.2 b) 4.1 d)
1.1.2 d) 4.1 b)
1.2.2, second indent 4.1
1.3.7, first paragraph 4.1
1.4.1, third indent 4.1
1.6.1, second paragraph 4.1
1.6.2 4.1
1.6.4, second sentence 4.1
1.6.5, second sentence 4.1
3.2.1, third paragraph, first 4.1
sentence
3.2.3 4.1
3.3.1, second paragraph, first 4.1
sentence
4.1.2.7, second paragraph 4.1
4.1.2.8.3, second paragraph 4.1
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European
Union.
WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the products falling within the scope of
this standard.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13854
Second edition
2017-11
Safety of machinery — Minimum
gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the
human body
Sécurité des machines — Écartements minimaux pour prévenir les
risques d'écrasement de parties du corps humain
Reference number
ISO 13854:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
ISO 13854:2017(E)
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 13854:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Minimum gaps . 1
4.1 Methodology for the use of this document . 1
4.2 Values . 3
Annex A (informative) Illustration of crushing zones . 5
ISO 13854:2017(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried ou
...

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SIST EN ISO 13854:2020は、機械の安全性に関する重要な標準であり、人体の部位が圧迫される危険を回避するための最小隙間を定めています。この標準は、特に機械設計者や標準制定者など、さまざまな利用者が圧迫ゾーンから生じる危険を回避するための指針を提供します。 この標準の強みは、人体の部位に関連する最小隙間を明確に規定することにあります。これにより、機械の設計において安全性を確保するための具体的な指針が得られ、事故を未然に防ぐことが可能となります。また、ISO 13854:2017は、圧迫の危険に対して特化しており、その他の危険(衝撃、切断、引き込みなど)に対しては別途の対策が必要であることが明記されているため、使用者はより包括的に安全対策を講じることができます。 さらに、この標準は、機械安全性の確保に向けた国際的な取り組みの一環として、国際規格であるISO 13854:2017に基づいています。このため、世界中の機械設計者や製造業者が共通の基準に従って安全性を確保し、リスクを管理することができる面でも重要な役割を果たしています。 総じて、SIST EN ISO 13854:2020は、機械における圧迫危険を軽減するための有効な手段を提供する標準であり、その適用範囲は特定のリスクを明確にし、使用者にとって実用的かつ有用なリソースとなっています。

The SIST EN ISO 13854:2020 standard plays a critical role in enhancing the safety of machinery by establishing essential guidelines to prevent crushing injuries. Specifically, it outlines minimum gaps that must be maintained to safeguard parts of the human body from potential hazards in machinery environments. This standard is particularly relevant for machinery designers and manufacturers who aim to mitigate risks associated with crushing zones effectively. One of the significant strengths of ISO 13854:2017 is its clear focus on defining specific minimum gaps that correspond to various parts of the human anatomy. This precision not only aids in the effective design of machinery but also ensures that safety measures are quantifiable and can be universally applied, thereby creating a cohesive safety standard across different industries. The fact that it allows for adequate safety to be achieved solely through physical design measures is a testament to its practicality. Furthermore, the standard's applicability is intentionally limited to crushing hazards, which enhances clarity regarding its intended use. By explicitly stating that it does not cover other hazards such as impact, shearing, or drawing-in, the document allows designers to focus on the specific measures necessary for preventing crushing incidents without being distracted by broader safety issues that may require different approaches. The relevance of SIST EN ISO 13854:2020 in the context of modern machinery safety cannot be overstated. With the increasing complexity of machines and the corresponding potential for human interaction, having a dedicated standard that addresses crushing hazards is essential. The standard serves as a foundational document for industries reliant on machinery, ensuring compliance with safety regulations and fostering a culture of safety-first design. In summary, the SIST EN ISO 13854:2020 standard effectively outlines the safety measures necessary to protect individuals from crushing injuries in machinery settings. Its clear scope, emphasis on specific gaps, and exclusion of unrelated hazards strengthen its value as a guiding document for designers and manufacturers committed to workplace safety.

SIST EN ISO 13854:2020 표준은 기계의 안전성을 보장하기 위한 중요한 지침으로, 인체의 특정 부위가 크러싱(crushing) 위험에 노출되지 않도록 최소 간격을 규정합니다. 이 표준은 기계 설계자 및 표준 제정자와 같은 사용자가 크러싱 구역으로부터의 위험을 효과적으로 회피할 수 있도록 돕습니다. 이 표준의 주요 강점 중 하나는 인간 신체의 특정 부분에 대한 최소 간격을 명확하게 정의함으로써, 기계 설계 과정에서 안전성을 강화할 수 있다는 점입니다. 사용자들은 이 지침을 통해 기계 안전성을 취득하는 동시에 잠재적인 위험을 사전에 차단할 수 있습니다. 또한, 이 표준은 안전성을 확보하는 데 있어 효율적인 방법을 제공합니다. 그러나 SIST EN ISO 13854:2020은 크러싱 위험에만 적용되며, 충격(impact), 절단(shearing), 끌어당김(drawing-in)과 같은 다른 잠재적 위험에는 적용되지 않습니다. 이러한 점은 기계 안전성 관리를 위해 추가적인 조치를 취해야 함을 의미합니다. 사용자들은 이 표준을 적절히 활용하여 기계의 안전성을 높이는 동시에, 다른 위험 요소에 대한 별도의 안전 대책이 필요하다는 점을 인식해야 합니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN ISO 13854:2020은 기계 안전성을 위한 구체적인 지침을 제공하며, 크러싱 위험 회피를 위한 유용한 기준을 제시합니다. 이 표준은 기계 설계 및 운영 시 필수적인 안전 조치를 수립하는 데 매우 관련성이 높습니다.