TC 110 - Electronic displays

IEC 62595-1-2:2024 gives the preferred terms, their definitions and symbols, for display lighting units such as backlight units of transmissive and transflective displays, and frontlight units of reflective displays, with the objective of using standardized terminology when publications are prepared.

IEC 62715-6-23:2024 specifies the standard measuring methods to evaluate the mechanical durability of foldable display modules, especially mechanical durability under the condition reflecting the actual usage environment.

IEC 62908-22-10:2024 specifies the standard measuring conditions and measurement methods for determining the performance of fingerprint recognition systems with under-display optical imaging fingerprint sensing. This document is applicable to use displays as illumination sources of optical imaging fingerprint sensing.

IEC 62341-6-7:2024 specifies the standard measuring conditions and measuring methods for determining the optical characteristics of an OLED display with under-screen camera; other under-screen features, such as under-screen fingerprint or under-screen time of flight (TOF) can also be applied. This document applies to OLED displays such as mobile phone, monitor and TV with under-screen features.
NOTE Under-screen feature will want the display to be partially transparent and partially non-transparent, and this can be achieved only by certain types of display technology, for example OLED. This document mainly focuses on OLED display with under-screen feature.

IEC 63145-22-20:2024 specifies the standard measuring conditions and measurement methods for determining the image quality of augmented reality (AR) type eyewear displays. This document applies to see-through type (AR glasses) eyewear displays using virtual image optics.
See-through type displays (VR glasses), contact lens-type displays, and retina direct projection displays are out of the scope of this document.

IEC TR 62715-5-61:2024, which is a Technical Report, provides an overview of stretchable display technologies and application scenarios for stretchable displays. This document introduces special considerations for development of measurement methods for stretchable displays.

IEC 62977-2-7:2024 specifies standard measuring conditions and measurement methods for determining the optical characteristics of tiled displays which consist of multiple display modules in order to form one screen. These methods apply to emissive and transmissive direct view flat displays that render real 2D images with all modules lying in the same plane. The methods are applicable in environments where the measuring conditions can be controlled, such as laboratory and production testing.
NOTE The measurement results are not specific values for the products. They can vary according to the measurement method and light measuring device (LMD) used in the calibration.

IEC 63145-22-20:2024 specifies the standard measuring conditions and measurement methods for determining the image quality of augmented reality (AR) type eyewear displays. This document applies to see-through type (AR glasses) eyewear displays using virtual image optics.
See-through type displays (VR glasses), contact lens-type displays, and retina direct projection displays are out of the scope of this document.
The content of the corrigendum 1 (2024-09) has been included in this copy.

IEC 62629-52-1:2024 specifies the standard measurement methods and measurement conditions for determining the optical properties of aerial displays. This document excludes image quality of aerial displays, such as modulation transfer function (MTF) and resolution measurements.

IEC 62977-2-11:2023 specifies the local luminance and uniformity measurement methods of emissive displays. The light measuring device’s (LMD) measurement field will cover more than 500 pixels of TVs, monitors or signage displays. The local luminance and uniformity measurement methods identify optical variations within the local block where over 500 emission pixels are regularly placed.

IEC 62977-3-5:2023 specifies standard evaluation methods for determining the colour capabilities of electronic display modules and systems with respect to colour accuracy, colour gamut volume, and their intersection with a reference colour space. Also included is evaluation with respect to the chromaticity gamut area. These methods apply to emissive and transmissive direct view displays that render real 2D images on a flat panel or on a curved panel with a local radius of curvature larger than 1 500 mm. This document evaluates the optical characteristics of these displays under darkroom conditions. This document applies to the testing of display performance in response to standard analogue or digital input signals that are not absolute luminance encoded. The input signal is relative RGB without metadata information that codes for real luminance, colour space or colour coordinates. These methods are limited to input signals with typical opto-electronic transfer functions (OETFs) such as defined in IEC 61966‑2‑1, Recommendation ITU-R BT.601 [18][1], Recommendation ITU-R BT.709, and Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020. The tests in this document are not suitable for use with HDR input signals.
This document contains attached files in the form of Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and App installer. These files are intended to be used as a complement and do not form an integral part of the standard.
The content of the corrigendum 1 (2024-10) has been included in this copy.

IEC 63145-10:2023 establishes specifications and requirements for eyewear displays. This document is applicable to virtual reality (VR)-type (non-see-through) and augmented reality (AR)-type (see-through) eyewear displays using virtual image optics. The specifications and requirements for prescription lenses are out of the scope of this document.

IEC 62977-3-9:2023 specifies standard measurement conditions and methods for determining the sparkle contrast of direct-view displays which comprise display matrix elements to render real 2D images on a flat panel and an anti-glare layer. This document excludes measurement of sparkle, which is intentionally obtained by the specular reflection from reflecting flakes in coatings and paints.

IEC 62977-3-4:2023 specifies the standard evaluation methods for determining the optical characteristics of HDR electronic display modules and systems. These methods apply to emissive and transmissive direct-view displays that render real 2D images on a flat panel or on a curved panel with a local radius of curvature larger than 1 500 mm. This document evaluates the optical characteristics of these displays under darkroom conditions. This document applies to the testing of display performance in response to HDR digital input signals that are absolute luminance encoded such as the HDR signal comprising RGB component values of Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020 colorimetry with SMPTE ST 2084 PQ luminance encoding and SMPTE ST 2086 metadata.

IEC 62715-6-22:2023 specifies the standard measurement conditions and methods for determining the surface crease and waviness for the evaluation of foldable displays. The measurement methods are used to specify the extent of geometrical distortions in foldable display surfaces. This document applies to foldable display panels and modules (e.g. in-folding and out-folding) with one axis.

IEC 62908-12-10:2023 specifies the standard measuring conditions and measurement methods for determining touch and hovering performance of a touch sensor module. This document is applicable to touch sensor modules, where the structural relationship between touch sensor, touch controller, touch sensor module, display panel, touch display panel, and touch display module is defined in IEC 62908-1-2. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- added hovering performance measurement methods, especially in-plane characteristics at a constant distance from the touch sensor;
- added pen touch performance.

IEC TR 62595-1-5:2022(E), which is a Technical Report, provides information for the future standardization of the electrical signal interface of LED backlight units for liquid crystal display television sets, which include control signals, control data and LED driver interface. This document only provides information about 2-D local dimming LED backlight units, with or without local boosting.
NOTE All values and parameters of this document are examples.

IEC 62629-62-11:2022 specifies the standard measuring conditions and measurement methods for determining the optical properties of the image created by 3D display devices and virtual-image optics such as head-up displays. The virtual image refers to an image in which the 3D visual information is superimposed with the outside world. Eye-wear type displays are however beyond the scope of this document.
NOTE The meaning of a virtual image in optics is in general an image formed when the outgoing rays from a point on an object always diverge. With regard to display application, a virtual image can be interpreted according to a real viewing case. When an image is viewed, even though there is no physical display (monitor, TV, screen), in front of a person's eyes, it is called virtual image.

IEC TR 62715-6-21:2022, which is a technical report, provides information about various folding types and hinge structures of foldable products which can affect the durability of a foldable panel. This document focuses only on the issues concerning the foldable products and will not include product parts that do not affect display durability such as speakers, batteries, communication ports.

IEC 62341-6-1:2022 specifies the standard measuring conditions and measuring methods for determining the optical and electro-optical parameters of organic light emitting diode (OLED) display modules, and where specified, OLED display panels. These methods are limited to flat displays measured in a dark room. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- measuring methods for power consumption of displays that have an embedded video connection terminal are added;
- the contents description including video signal for power consumption is modified.

IEC 62715-2:2022(E) specifies the essential ratings and characteristics of flexible display modules.

IEC 63145-21-20:2022(E) specifies the standard measurement conditions and measurement methods for determining the screen door effect (SDE), which is one of the image quality aspects of eyewear displays of virtual reality (VR) type.

IEC 63145-1-2:2022(E) provides terms that are used in the field of eyewear displays for augmented reality, virtual-reality, mixed reality, and the image or video rendering on these displays.

IEC TR 62977-1-31:2021(E) provides practical information on light measuring devices (luminance meters, colorimeters, and spectroradiometers) with luminance measuring optics for the characterization of electronic displays.

IEC 62977-3-7:2022(E) specifies the standard measurement and evaluation of optical performance for grey and colour tone reproduction of electronic displays under darkroom conditions. This document describes the measuring methods and evaluation of tone rendering of neutral grey, primary and secondary input colours. This document applies to displays with unbounded input signals.

IEC 62906-5-7:2022 specifies the standard measurement conditions and methods for determining the quality of images projected by a scanning laser display on a visible light fluorescence-free screen, when observed as being affected by speckle noise due to laser coherence.

IEC 62906-5-5:2022 specifies the standard measurement conditions and optical measuring methods for raster-scanning retina direct projection laser displays with light sources such as direct-emitting lasers, optionally equipped with higher-order harmonic generation devices. The hybrid light sources using both lasers and spontaneous-emission-based light sources are not considered.

IEC 62906-5-1:2021(E) specifies the standard measurement conditions and measurement methods for front projection displays without screen which use lasers or laser hybrids as light sources. The hybrid light sources can use both lasers and spontaneous emission-based light sources. This document covers optical performance measurements for full-frame projection technologies such as digital micro mirror devices (DMDs), liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS), and liquid crystal display (LCD) projectors. Other displays, such as raster-scanned (flying spot) projection displays, are not included.

IEC 62629-1-2:2021 provides a list of the terminologies that are frequently used in describing 3D display technologies in the -IEC 62629 series. Terms for various 3D display technologies on stereoscopic, autostereoscopic, volumetric, and :holographic displays are included. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- added new terms related to holographic display and light field display;
- added new terms on the performance specifications used in other IEC 62629 series documents;
- added Annex C to explain the depth perception in 3D displays in more detail.

IEC TR 62908-1-3:2021, which is a technical report, provides general information on pen touch technology with the aim toward standardization. This document includes an overview of the pen touch technology, critical performance characteristics, issues of characteristics measurements, and other information. The purpose of this documents is to provide an overview of the different products available in pen touch technology.

IEC 62595-2-5:2021 specifies the measurement methods for measuring the optical characteristics of convex and concave cylindrical light sources. These non-planar light sources (NPLSs) can have either a continuous, distinct, segmented or block-wised light radiating surface, for example OLED panels, integrated LEDs, integrated mini-LEDs, micro-LEDs, laser diodes, each being either monochromatic or polychromatic.

IEC TR 62977-5-2:2021, which is a Technical Report, describes the visual assessment method of the viewing direction characteristics of display devices. This document reviews the visual assessment of viewing direction by using special test patterns to estimate colour changes, image structure, and image luminance.
Experimental results are shown to reveal the effectiveness of this kind of visual assessment.
This method is a valuable tool for identifying image quality issues, but physical measurements will be used to confirm display performance specifications.
NOTE The visual assessment results will depend on the test pattern parameters and display setup conditions. As the viewing direction changes, characteristics such as contrast ratio, resolution, and device colour-shift simultaneously change in the perceived image.

IEC 62906-5-3:2021(E) specifies the standard measurement conditions and measuring methods for determining the parameters of image quality for full-frame laser projection displays integrating the projection devices and screens. The front and rear projection screens are included in this document. Other display devices, such as raster-scanned (flying spot) projection devices, are not included.

IEC 62977-2-1:2021(E) specifies standard measurement conditions and measuring methods for determining the optical characteristics of electronic display modules and systems. These methods apply to emissive and transmissive direct view displays that render real 2D images on a flat panel. This document evaluates the optical characteristics of these displays under darkroom conditions. This document applies to the testing of display performance in response to standard analogue or digital input signals that are not absolute luminance encoded. The input signal is relative RGB without metadata information that codes for real luminance, colour space or colour coordinates. These methods are limited to input signals with typical OETFs such as defined in IEC 61966-2-1, ITU BT. Rec. 601, ITU BT. Rec.709, and ITU BT. Rec.2020. The tests in this document are not approved for use with HDR input signals.
NOTE A flat panel or flat panel display is a display with a flat surface and minimal depth that emits visible light from the surface. The display is subdivided into an array of electronically driven pixels which can be light valves modulating a backlight, or self-luminous. Emissive/transmissive/reflective hybrid displays can be flat panel or flat panel displays.

IEC 62715-6-3:2020 (E) is to define the standard test methods to evaluate the mechanical robustness of flexible display modules, especially mechanical robustness regarding impact and hardness, which include displays such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs), e-paper, and organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays, against external forces applied to a panel.

IEC 62595-2-4:2020(E) specifies the electro-optical measuring methods of laser modules with multiple laser devices and an optical output for various displays and display lighting applications which require photometric and colorimetric measurements, covering the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm. The module has multiple laser devices such as edge-emitting laser diodes (LDs), vertical cavity surface-emitting laser diodes (VCSELs), or photon up-conversion laser devices including second-harmonic generation (SHG). The module has an optical output such as an optical fibre, waveguide, light guide, lens unit, or other optics, emitting a laser beam combining the output of the multiple laser devices.

IEC 63211-3-5:2020(E) defines common procedures for surface durability mechanical test methods. This document generally describes the test equipment and procedures used for each method when applied on all levels, from parts (i.e. outermost surface parts of products, display panels and modules) to final products (i.e. finished displays or products).

IEC 62977-2-2:2020(E) specifies standard measurement conditions and measuring methods for determining the optical characteristics of electronic displays under indoor and outdoor illumination conditions. Standard illumination geometries are specified and the reflection properties of flat screens are determined under those conditions. Reference illumination levels and spectra are used to estimate the photometric and colorimetric characteristics of electronic displays under the same conditions. These methods apply to emissive, transmissive, and reflective displays, or combinations thereof, that render real 2D images on a flat screen.

IEC TR 62595-1-4:2020(E), which is a Technical Report, provides general information for judging the necessity of future standardization of glass light guide plates for display lighting units, which include backlight units for transmissive displays such as LCDs, and frontlight units for reflective displays.

IEC TR 62629-51-1:2020 (E), which is a Technical Report, provides general information for the standardization of aerial displays. This document includes an overview of the technology, critical performance characteristics, issues of optical measurements, and other information.

IEC 62906-5-6:2020 (E) specifies the standard measurement conditions and measuring methods for determining the optical performance of a projection screen in terms of its photometric characteristics, including screen gain and speckle contrast, from different viewing directions. These methods are only applied for the case in which the projection screen and a laser projector are integrated and used with a fixed configuration as a set to create a real image. Both front and rear projection screens, with a flat surface, are included. This document excludes projection screens which are classified as optically see-through screens, including head-up displays.

IEC TR 63211-2-12:2020(E) provides data and information on the environmental conditions when electronic displays are used, stored and transported.
This document covers the temperature, relative humidity and light of the environment of electronic displays.
The information provided by this document is related to the following electronic displays:  
indoor displays for consumer homes and offices, such as TVs or PC monitors,
indoor displays for commercial applications, such as signage and show cases,
mobile displays, such as smartphones, tablets, e-books and mobile PCs,
wearable displays, such as eyewear displays and smart watches,
in-vehicle displays, and
outdoor displays, such as signage for public information and advertising.

IEC 63145-22-20:2020(E) specifies the standard measurement conditions and measuring methods for determining the see-through optical properties and imaging quality of augmented reality (AR) eyewear displays. This includes the transmission characteristics and ambient optical performance of the eyewear displays.
Contact lens type displays are out of the scope of this document.
NOTE The relationship between the scope and other documents (IEC 63145-20-10, IEC 63145-22-10) is shown in Annex A.

IEC 62341-5-3:2019 specifies the standard measuring methods for determining the image sticking and lifetime of organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panels and modules, except finalized display products for end customers, such as TV sets, monitor sets and mobile phones. The measuring method for the lifetime mainly applies to modules.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the measurement vehicle for lifetime is only for the module;
b) the measurement method for monitor or TV devices is modified;
c) the digital signage display is included as an example of OLED devices;
d) the measurement method with HDR (high dynamic range) for image sticking is added;
e) the analysis method with CIEDE 2000 is added for image sticking;
f) the information method for evaluating image sticking is modified.

IEC 62908-12-20:2019(E) specifies the standard measuring conditions and measurement methods for the multi-touch performance of a touch sensor module. This document is applicable to touch sensor modules, where the structural relationship between the touch sensor, touch controller, touch sensor module, display panel, touch display panel, and touch display module is defined in IEC 62908-1-2.

IEC 63145-20-20:2019 (E) specifies the standard measurement conditions and measurement methods for determining the image quality of eyewear displays. This document is applicable to non-see-through type (virtual reality “VR” goggle) and see-through type (augmented reality “AR” glasses) eyewear displays using virtual image optics.
Contact-lens type displays and retina direct projection displays are out of the scope of this document.