EN 61427-1:2013

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01-maj-2014
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Secondary cells and batteries for Renewable Energy Storage - General Requirements
and methods of test - Part 1: Photovoltaic Off grid application
/
Eléments et batteries d'accumulateurs pour le stockage des énergies renouvelables -
Prescriptions générales et méthodes d'essai - Partie 1: Application photovoltaique isolée
du réseau électrique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61427-1:2013
ICS:
27.160 6RQþQDHQHUJLMD Solar energy engineering
29.220.20 .LVOLQVNLVHNXQGDUQLþOHQLLQ Acid secondary cells and
EDWHULMH batteries
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61427-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.160; 29.220.20 Supersedes EN 61427:2005

English version
Secondary cells and batteries for renewable energy storage -
General requirements and methods of test -
Part 1: Photovoltaic off-grid application
(IEC 61427-1:2013)
Accumulateurs pour le stockage de Wiederaufladbare Zellen und Batterien für
l'énergie renouvelable - die Speicherung erneuerbarer Energien -
Exigences générales et méthodes Allgemeine Anforderungen und
d'essais - Prüfverfahren -
Partie 1: Applications photovoltaïques Teil 1: Photovoltaische netzunabhängige
hors réseaux Anwendung
(CEI 61427-1:2013) (IEC 61427-1:2013)

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-05-28. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61427-1:2013 E
Foreword
The text of document 21/793/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61427-1, prepared by IEC/TC 21 "Secondary
cells and batteries" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has (dop) 2014-02-28
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2016-05-28
• latest date by which the national
standards conflicting with the

document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 61427:2005.
a) a restructuration of the previous edition of the document;
b) a clarification of the different clauses with regard to conditions of use, general requirements, functional
characteristics, general tests conditions, test method and recommended use of tests, the aim being to
ensure a better understanding by the end user;
c) a clear distinction between on-grid and off-grid applications for future markets needs.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61427-1:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated:
IEC 60721-1 NOTE  Harmonised as EN 60721-1.

- 3 - EN 61427-1:2013
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60050 Series International Electrotechnical vocabulary (IEV) - -

IEC 60622 - Secondary cells and batteries containing EN 60622 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Sealed nickel-cadmium prismatic
rechargeable single cells
IEC 60623 - Secondary cells and batteries containing EN 60623 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic
rechargeable single cells
IEC 60896-11 - Stationary lead-acid batteries - EN 60896-11 -
Part 11: Vented types - General requirements
and methods of tests
IEC 60896-21 - Stationary lead-acid batteries - EN 60896-21 -
Part 21: Valve regulated types - Methods of
test
IEC 61056-1 - General purpose lead-acid batteries (valve- EN 61056-1 -
regulated types) -
Part 1: General requirements, functional
characteristics - Methods of test

IEC 61836 - Solar photovoltaic energy systems - - -
Terms, definitions and symbols

IEC 61951-1 - Secondary cells and batteries containing EN 61951-1 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Portable sealed rechargeable single cells -
Part 1: Nickel-cadmium
IEC 61951-2 - Secondary cells and batteries containing EN 61951-2 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Portable sealed rechargeable single cells -
Part 2: Nickel-metal hydride
IEC 61960 - Secondary cells and batteries containing EN 61960 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Secondary lithium cells and batteries for
portable applications
IEC 62259 - Secondary cells and batteries containing EN 62259 -
alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Nickel-cadmium prismatic secondary single
cells with partial gas recombination

IEC 61427-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2013-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Secondary cells and batteries for renewable energy storage – General

requirements and methods of test –

Part 1: Photovoltaic off-grid application

Accumulateurs pour le stockage de l'énergie renouvelable – Exigences

générales et méthodes d'essais –

Partie 1: Applications photovoltaïques hors réseaux

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX R
ICS 27.160; 29.220.20 ISBN 978-2-83220-763-5

– 2 – 61427-1  IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Conditions of use. 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Photovoltaic energy system . 7
4.3 Secondary cells and batteries . 7
4.4 General operating conditions . 8
4.4.1 General . 8
4.4.2 Autonomy time. 8
4.4.3 Typical charge and discharge currents . 8
4.4.4 Daily cycle . 8
4.4.5 Seasonal cycle . 8
4.4.6 Period of high state of charge . 9
4.4.7 Period of sustained low state of charge . 9
4.4.8 Electrolyte stratification . 9
4.4.9 Storage . 9
4.4.10 Operating temperature . 10
4.4.11 Charge control . 11
4.4.12 Physical protection . 11
5 General requirements . 11
5.1 Mechanical endurance . 11
5.2 Charge efficiency . 12
5.3 Deep discharge protection . 12
5.4 Marking . 12
5.5 Safety. 12
5.6 Documentation . 12
6 Functional characteristics . 13
7 General test conditions . 13
7.1 Accuracy of measuring instruments . 13
7.2 Preparation and maintenance of test batteries . 13
8 Test method . 13
8.1 Capacity test . 13
8.2 Generic cycling endurance test. 14
8.3 Charge retention test . 14
8.4 Cycling endurance test in photovoltaic applications (extreme conditions) . 14
8.4.1 General . 14
8.4.2 Phase A: shallow cycling at low state of charge (see Table 5) . 15
8.4.3 Phase B: shallow cycling at high state of charge (see Table 6) . 15
8.4.4 Residual capacity determination . 16
8.4.5 Test termination. 16
8.4.6 Water consumption of flooded battery types and cells with partial gas
recombination . 16
8.4.7 Requirements . 16
9 Recommended use of tests . 17

61427-1  IEC:2013 – 3 –
9.1 Type test . 17
9.2 Acceptance test . 17
9.2.1 Factory test . 17
9.2.2 Commissioning test . 17
Bibliography . 18

Table 1 – Limit values for storage conditions of batteries for photovoltaic applications . 10
Table 2 – Limit values for operating conditions of batteries for photovoltaic
applications . 10
Table 3 – Battery Ah-efficiency at different states of charge at the reference
temperature and a daily depth of discharge of less than 20 % of the rated capacity . 12
Table 4 – Typical capacity ratings of batteries in photovoltaic applications . 14
Table 5 – Phase A – Shallow cycling at low state of charge . 15
Table 6 – Phase B – Shallow cycling at high state of charge . 16

– 4 – 61427-1  IEC:2013
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES
FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY STORAGE –
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS OF TEST –

Part 1: Photovoltaic off-grid application

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61427-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 21:
Secondary cells and batteries.
This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 61427 published in 2005.This
edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) a restructuration of the previous edition of the document;
b) a clarification of the different clauses with regard to conditions of use, general
requirements, functional characteristics, general tests conditions, test method and
recommended use of tests, the aim being to ensure a better understanding by the end
user;
c) a clear distinction between on-grid and off-grid applications for future markets needs.

61427-1  IEC:2013 – 5 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
21/793/FDIS 21/802/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61427 series, published under the general title Secondary cells
and batteries for renewable energy storage – General requirements and methods of test, can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 6 – 61427-1  IEC:2013
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES
FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY STORAGE –
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND METHODS OF TEST –

Part 1: Photovoltaic off-grid application

1 Scope
This part of the IEC 61427 series gives general information relating to the requirements for
the secondary batteries used in photovoltaic energy systems (PVES) and to the typical
methods of test used for the verification of battery performances. This part deals with cells
and batteries used in photovoltaic off-grid applications.
NOTE The part 2 of this series will cover cells and batteries used in “renewable energy storage in on-grid
applications”.
This International Standard does not include specific information relating to battery sizing,
method of charge or PVES design.
This standard is applicable to all types of secondary batteries.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050 (all parts), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) (available at
)
IEC 60622, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Sealed nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
IEC 60623, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
IEC 60896-11, Stationary lead-acid batteries – Part 11: Vented types – General requirements
and methods of test
IEC 60896-21, Stationary lead-acid batteries – Part 21: Valve regulated types – Methods of
test
IEC 61056-1, General purpose lead-acid batteries (valve-regulated types) – Part 1: General
requirements, functional characteristics – Methods of test
IEC 61836, Solar photovoltaic energy systems – Terms, definitions and symbols
IEC 61951-1, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes
– Portable sealed rechargeable single cells – Part 1: Nickel-cadmium

61427-1  IEC:2013 – 7 –
IEC 61951-2, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes
– Portable sealed rechargeable single cells – Part 2: Nickel-metal hydride
IEC 61960, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Secondary lithium cells and batteries for portable applications
IEC 62259, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Nickel-cadmium prismatic secondary single cells with partial gas recombination
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-482
concerning secondary cells and batteries, and those given in IEC 61836 concerning
photovoltaic generator systems apply.
4 Conditions of use
4.1 General
This clause specifies the particular operating conditions experienced by secondary batteries
during their use in photovoltaic applications.
4.2 Photovoltaic energy system
The photovoltaic energy system with secondary batteries referred to in this standard can
supply a constant, variable, or intermittent energy to the connected equipment (pumps,
refrigerators, lighting systems, communication systems, etc.).
4.3 Secondary cells and batteries
Secondary cells and batteries mainly used in photovoltaic energy systems are of the following
types:
a) vented (flooded);
b) valve-regulated, including those with partial g
...