93.025 - External water conveyance systems
ICS 93.025 Details
External water conveyance systems
Wasserversorgung
Systemes externes d'adduction d'eau
Zunanji sistemi za prevajanje vode
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 93.025 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "External water conveyance systems". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 163 standards classified under ICS 93.025 (External water conveyance systems). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies and gives guidance on:
— general requirements for storage of water outside consumers' buildings, including service reservoirs for potable water and reservoirs containing water not for human consumption at intake works or within treatment works, excluding those that are part of the treatment process;
— design;
— general requirements for product standards;
— requirements for quality control and auditing, testing and commissioning;
— operational requirements;
— requirements for inspection, rehabilitation and repair.
The requirements of this document are applicable to:
— design and construction of new reservoirs;
— extension and modification of existing reservoirs;
— significant rehabilitation of existing reservoirs.
This document does not apply to reservoirs formed by the building of dams or the use of lakes for water storage purposes.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies and gives guidance on:
— general requirements for storage of water outside consumers' buildings, including service reservoirs for potable water and reservoirs containing water not for human consumption at intake works or within treatment works, excluding those that are part of the treatment process;
— design;
— general requirements for product standards;
— requirements for quality control and auditing, testing and commissioning;
— operational requirements;
— requirements for inspection, rehabilitation and repair.
The requirements of this document are applicable to:
— design and construction of new reservoirs;
— extension and modification of existing reservoirs;
— significant rehabilitation of existing reservoirs.
This document does not apply to reservoirs formed by the building of dams or the use of lakes for water storage purposes.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies:
- general requirements for water supply systems outside buildings including potable water mains and service pipes, service reservoirs, other facilities and raw water mains but excluding treatment works and water resources development;
- general requirements for components;
- general requirements for inclusion in product standards which can include specifications which are more stringent;
- general requirements for installation, site testing and commissioning.
The requirements of this document apply to:
- the design and construction of new water supply systems;
- the extension of significant areas forming a coherent part of an existing water supply system;
- interconnections between water supply systems;
- significant modification and/or rehabilitation of existing water supply systems.
NOTE It is not intended that existing water supply systems are altered to comply with this document, provided that there are no significant detrimental effects on water quantity, security, reliability and adequacy of the supply. However, this document is intended to cover all water infrastructure systems mentioned above since they are key to meet the sustainable goals of the cities and to show the urgent need to invest in them in order to consider fundamental aspects, such as resilience or mitigation/adaptation to climate change.
- Standard86 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies:
- general requirements for water supply systems outside buildings including potable water mains and service pipes, service reservoirs, other facilities and raw water mains but excluding treatment works and water resources development;
- general requirements for components;
- general requirements for inclusion in product standards which can include specifications which are more stringent;
- general requirements for installation, site testing and commissioning.
The requirements of this document apply to:
- the design and construction of new water supply systems;
- the extension of significant areas forming a coherent part of an existing water supply system;
- interconnections between water supply systems;
- significant modification and/or rehabilitation of existing water supply systems.
NOTE It is not intended that existing water supply systems are altered to comply with this document, provided that there are no significant detrimental effects on water quantity, security, reliability and adequacy of the supply. However, this document is intended to cover all water infrastructure systems mentioned above since they are key to meet the sustainable goals of the cities and to show the urgent need to invest in them in order to consider fundamental aspects, such as resilience or mitigation/adaptation to climate change.
- Standard86 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements and gives recommendations for the design, sizing, installation, identification, commissioning and maintenance of rainwater harvesting systems for the use of rainwater on-site as non-potable water. This document also specifies the minimum requirements for these systems.
Excluded from the scope of this document are
- the use as drinking water and for food preparation,
- the use for personal hygiene purposes,
- attenuation and
- infiltration.
NOTE Conformity with the document does not exempt from compliance with the obligations arising from local or national regulations.
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the requirements and gives recommendations for the design, sizing, installation, identification, commissioning and maintenance of rainwater harvesting systems for the use of rainwater on-site as non-potable water. This document also specifies the minimum requirements for these systems.
Excluded from the scope of this document are
- the use as drinking water and for food preparation,
- the use for personal hygiene purposes,
- attenuation and
- infiltration.
NOTE Conformity with the document does not exempt from compliance with the obligations arising from local or national regulations.
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This document provides guidelines for the management of drinking water utilities and the assessment of drinking water services. This document is applicable to publicly and privately owned and operated water utilities. It does not favour any particular ownership or operating model. This document addresses drinking water systems in their entirety and is applicable to systems at any level of development (e.g. on-site systems, distribution networks, treatment facilities). The following are within the scope of this document: - the definition of a language common to different stakeholders; - the definition of the components of drinking water supply systems; - guidelines for the management of drinking water utilities; - guidelines for objectives, service assessment criteria and related performance indicators, appropriate for the assessment of drinking water services. The following are outside the scope of this document: - target values and thresholds for proposed objectives, service assessments criteria and related performance indicators; - matters relating to the design and construction of drinking water systems; - matters relating to the management structure of drinking water utilities; - matters relating to the regulation of drinking water services, including management and operational activities; - matters relating to regulating the content of contracts or subcontracts; - installations between point of delivery and point of use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A supply well provides groundwater for household, domestic, commercial, agricultural, or industrial uses.
4.2 Using a standardized protocol based on an existing industry, domestic or international, standard or approved regulatory methods and procedures to collect water samples from a supply well is essential to obtain representative water quality data. These data can be critical to efforts to protect water uses, human health and safety, and identify changes when they occur. Use of this guide will help the project team to design and execute an effective water supply sampling program.
4.3 It is important to understand the objectives of the sampling program before designing it. Water supplies may be sampled for various reasons including any or all of the following:
(1) identify health and safety risks for potable use prior to exploration in the vicinity,
(2) baseline sampling before an operation of concern,
(3) periodic sampling during such an operation,
(4) investigative responses to initial characterization, perceived changes in water quality, or
(5) ongoing monitoring related to known or potential groundwater constituents of concern in the area.
4.3.1 Baseline Analysis on Water Wells—Select a comprehensive list of inorganic and organic analyses for the initial test on potable water wells for use by the well owner in developing a treatment system, if needed.
4.4 Sampling programs should be based on these objectives and be developed in coordination with the prospective laboratory(ies) to ensure its procedures, capabilities, and limitations can be executed safely, meet the needs of the program, protect human health and fulfill regulatory requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide presents a methodology for obtaining representative groundwater samples from domestic or commercial water wells that are in proximity to oil and gas exploration and production (E&P) operations. E&P operations include, but are not necessarily limited to, site preparation, drilling, completion, and well stimulation (including hydraulic fracturing), and production activities. The goal is to obtain representative groundwater samples from domestic or commercial water wells that can be used to identify the baseline groundwater quality and any subsequent changes that may be identified. While this guide focuses on baseline sampling in conjunction with oil and gas E&P activities, the principles and practices recommended for health and safety are based on well-established methods that have been in use for many years in other industrial situations. This guide recommends sampling and analytical testing procedures that can identify various chemical species present including metals, dissolved gases (such as methane and radon), hydrocarbons (and other organic compounds), radioactivity, as well as overall water quality.
1.2 This guide provides information on typical residential and commercial water supply well systems and guidance on developing and implementing a sampling program, including determining sampling locations, suggested purging techniques, selection of potential analyses and laboratory certifications, data management, and integrity. It also includes guidance on personal safety. The information included pertains to baseline sampling before beginning any activities that could present potential risks to local aquifers, periodic sampling during and after such work, and ongoing monitoring relating to known or potential groundwater constituents in the area. This guide does not address policy issues related to frequency or timing of sampling or sampling distances from the wellhead. In addition, it does not address reporting limits, sample preservation, holding times, laboratory quality control, regulatory action levels, or interpretation of analytical results.
1.3 These guidelines are not intended to replace or supersede regulatory requirements and technical methodology or guidance nor are these guidelines...
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This document gives the definitions and specifies the minimum requirements for injection moulded, extruded, compression moulded and thermoformed thermoplastics cuboid shaped boxes, including integral components, used in underground systems for retention, detention, storage and transportation of non-potable water (e.g. storm water) and manufactured from polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or unplasticized polyvinylchloride (PVC-U). The boxes are intended for buried underground use, e.g. in landscape, pedestrian or vehicular traffic areas. In the case of retention and detention systems, the main purpose of the boxes is to retain water, for later infiltration in the ground or for later use in non-potable applications (irrigation, cleaning, sanitary facilities, etc.) or to retain water during a storm, transferring it in a controlled way to the public storm water network. Applications include commercial, residential, agricultural and highway drainage, including installation under parking lots and roadways. Product performance is determined by a combination of material specification, product design and manufacturing process. A box can either be factory-assembled or site-assembled from different components. The boxes are intended to be used as elements in a modular system where the manufacturer has provided a clearly documented method specifying how the components are assembled to create a complete retention, detention, storage and transportation system. The boxes are installed as one or more horizontal layers on a firm foundation and embedded with fill around and above the complete system. NOTE Non-load bearing component(s) can be manufactured by various methods (e.g. extrusion, injection moulding, rotational moulding, compression moulded, thermoforming and low-pressure injection moulding) and are not within the scope of this document.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the design, testing, manufacture, selection, and installation of fabricated metal access hatches for utility, water, and wastewater structures including utility vaults, drainage structures, valve vaults, meter vaults, wet wells, pump enclosures, utility trenches, piping trenches, and drainage trenches. It applies to various configurations of access hatches constructed of fabricated metal of various materials and grades for various loading conditions, traffic speeds, or both. It provides engineering design and testing criteria for access hatches to be located in various areas subjected to various loading conditions, traffic speed, frequency, or combinations thereof. It also includes production loading criteria to allow the access hatches to be tested in order to verify the load capacity of the manufactured hatches, as well as hatch loading selection guidelines to allow selection of the proper hatch design loading for the conditions of the actual area of placement. This specification also details requirements with respect to the acceptability of the access hatches, material certification and quality control, repairs, inspection, marking, optional features as part of the access hatch design, and submittal drawings.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the design, testing, manufacture, selection, and installation of substantially horizontal fabricated metal access hatches for utility, water, and wastewater structures including utility vaults, drainage structures, valve vaults, meter vaults, wet wells, pump enclosures, utility trenches, piping trenches, and drainage trenches.
1.2 This specification is applicable to various configurations of access hatches constructed of fabricated metal of various materials and grades for various loading conditions, traffic speeds, or both.
1.3 Engineering design and testing criteria are provided for access hatches to be located in various areas subjected to various loading conditions, traffic speed, frequency, or combinations thereof.
1.4 Proof loading criteria is provided to allow the access hatches to be designed by engineering calculation and/or by ultimate strength load testing.
1.5 Production loading criteria is provided to allow the access hatches to be tested to verify the load capacity of the manufactured hatches.
1.6 Hatch loading selection guidelines are included to allow selection of the proper hatch design loading for the conditions of the actual area of placement.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered the standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This document, in conjunction with ISO 11298‑1, specifies requirements and test methods for cured-in-place pipes and fittings used for the renovation of water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water intake pipelines.
It applies to independent (fully structural, class A) and interactive (semi structural, class B) pressure pipe liners, as defined in ISO 11295, which do not rely on adhesion to the existing pipeline. It applies to the use of various thermosetting resin systems, in combination with compatible fibrous carrier materials, reinforcement, and other process-related plastics components (see 5.1).
It does not include requirements or test methods for resistance to cyclic loading or the pressure rating of CIPP liners where passing through bends, which are outside the scope of this document.
It is applicable to cured-in-place pipe lining systems intended to be used at a service temperature of up to 25 °C.
NOTE For applications operating at service temperatures greater than 25 °C, guidance on re-rating factors can be supplied by the system supplier.
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This document specifies the principles of design, sizing, installation, identification, commissioning and maintenance of greywater systems with the purpose of use of greywater on-site.
It applies preferably for the use of treated greywater for:
- WC flushing;
- garden watering;
- laundry;
- cleaning purposes.
This document also specifies the minimum requirements for greywater systems.
Excluded from the scope of this document are:
- the use as drinking water and for food preparation;
- the use for personal hygiene purposes;
- direct reuse systems without treatment;
- product design for specific system components;
- industrial effluents;
- heat recovery and cooling demands.
NOTE Conformity with this document does not exempt from compliance with the obligations arising from local or national regulations.
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This document gives the recommended practise for underground open trench installation and commissioning of thermoplastics piping systems to be used for the conveyance of water under pressure (in addition to EN 805) and for the discharge of wastewater under gravity (in addition to EN 1610) .
In the field of non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage this is reflected in the marking of products by application code "U" and "UD":
- outside the building structure (U);
- both buried in ground within the building structure (application area code "D") and outside the
building (application area code "UD").
This document covers also installation and/or connections to valves, manholes, inspection chambers, gullies and other ancillary components in piping systems.
NOTE 1 Code of practise for pipelines for gas supply is covered by EN 12007-series [21].
NOTE 2 Recommended practices for installation of plastic piping systems for soil and waste discharge within the building structure is covered by CEN/TR 13801 [12].
NOTE 3 Practices for underground installation of rainwater infiltration and storage attenuation systems are covered by CEN/TR 17179 [13].
NOTE 4 It is assumed that additional recommendations and/or requirements are detailed in the individual product standards.
NOTE 5 If non-plastic components are part of the plastic system the manufacturer's instructions should be taken into account.
Requirements and instructions concerning commissioning of systems can be found in EN 805 and EN 1610 and the relevant national and/or local regulations. This document gives specific additional recommendations for commissioning relevant for plastic piping systems.
Attention is drawn to any relevant local and/or national regulations (e.g. health, safety and hygienic requirements).
- Technical specification31 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document, in conjunction with ISO 11298‑1, specifies requirements and test methods for cured-in-place pipes and fittings used for the renovation of water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water intake pipelines.
It applies to independent (fully structural, class A) and interactive (semi structural, class B) pressure pipe liners, as defined in ISO 11295, which do not rely on adhesion to the existing pipeline. It applies to the use of various thermosetting resin systems, in combination with compatible fibrous carrier materials, reinforcement, and other process-related plastics components (see 5.1).
It does not include requirements or test methods for resistance to cyclic loading or the pressure rating of CIPP liners where passing through bends, which are outside the scope of this document.
It is applicable to cured-in-place pipe lining systems intended to be used at a service temperature of up to 25 °C.
NOTE For applications operating at service temperatures greater than 25 °C, guidance on re-rating factors can be supplied by the system supplier.
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This document provides examples of good practices in stormwater management related to ISO 24536 and information on standards and guidelines used in various countries.
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This document, in conjunction with ISO 11298‑1, specifies requirements and test methods for cured-in-place pipes and fittings used for the renovation of water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water intake pipelines. It applies to independent (fully structural, class A) and interactive (semi structural, class B) pressure pipe liners, as defined in ISO 11295, which do not rely on adhesion to the existing pipeline. It applies to the use of various thermosetting resin systems, in combination with compatible fibrous carrier materials, reinforcement, and other process-related plastics components (see 5.1). It does not include requirements or test methods for resistance to cyclic loading or the pressure rating of CIPP liners where passing through bends, which are outside the scope of this document. It is applicable to cured-in-place pipe lining systems intended to be used at a service temperature of up to 25 °C. NOTE For applications operating at service temperatures greater than 25 °C, guidance on re-rating factors can be supplied by the system supplier.
- Standard39 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard42 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the principles of design, sizing, installation, identification, commissioning and maintenance of greywater systems with the purpose of use of greywater on-site.
It applies preferably for the use of treated greywater for:
- WC flushing;
- garden watering;
- laundry;
- cleaning purposes.
This document also specifies the minimum requirements for greywater systems.
Excluded from the scope of this document are:
- the use as drinking water and for food preparation;
- the use for personal hygiene purposes;
- direct reuse systems without treatment;
- product design for specific system components;
- industrial effluents;
- heat recovery and cooling demands.
NOTE Conformity with this document does not exempt from compliance with the obligations arising from local or national regulations.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides design information for construction of an orifice weir. It also describes setup, operation, inspection, calculation of discharge, and reporting. The accuracy of a circular weir decreases at low flows. The use of a circular orifice weir requires a constant flow velocity over the period of measurement. The results may be affected by the piezometers distance from the orifice plate. This equipment may not be appropriate for measuring flows on small wells, or wells with limited recharge.
5.2 Aquifer testing has been conducted for the purposes of production and pressure relief well design and water resource assessment. Production wells are used for public and industrial water supplies, hydraulic controls, and groundwater capture. Pressure relief wells are for hydraulic controls. Test wells are for the purpose of water resource assessment.
5.3 Discharge must also be known for certain methods to evaluate well and pump performance.
Note 1: Practice D3740 provides evaluation factors for the activities in this standard. The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers construction and operation of a circular orifice weir for measuring the discharge from a well. This test method is a part of a series of standards prepared on the in situ determination of hydraulic properties of aquifer systems by single- or multiple-well tests. Selection of a well discharge measurement test method is described in Guide D5737M.
1.2 The discharge rate determined by this test method is commonly used for a number of aquifer test methods and to provide information for the evaluation of well and pump performance.
1.3 Limitations—This test method is limited to the description of a method common to hydraulic engineering for the purpose of groundwater discharge measurement in temporary or test conditions.
1.4 Much of the information presented in this test method is based on work performed by the Civil Engineering Department of Purdue University during the late 1940s. The essentials of that work have been presented in a pamphlet prepared by Layne-Bowler, Inc.2 and updated by Layne Western Company, Inc.3
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall be conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this document to consider significant digits sused analysis methods for engineering design.
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of th...
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This document provides guidance to stormwater management authorities and relevant stakeholders on both structural and non-structural stormwater management approaches. The guidance includes consideration of relevant policies, planning, design criteria and implementation processes for stormwater management, and performance evaluation. This document can be applied to new stormwater systems and to the extension or improvement of existing systems for both fully separated and combined storm and sanitary sewers. This document is applicable to stormwater sewer systems as well as combined sewer systems. This document is not applicable to sanitary sewer systems.
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This document specifies the characteristics of the fitness for purpose of pipes and/or fittings assemblies made from polyethylene (PE) for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of water for human consumption, raw water prior to treatment, drainage and sewerage under pressure, vacuum sewer systems, and water for other purposes. NOTE 1 The intended uses include sea outfalls, laid in water and pipes suspended below bridges. NOTE 2 This document is intended to be only used by the product manufacturer to assess the performance of components according to ISO 4427‑2 and/or ISO 4427‑3 when joined together under normal and extreme conditions. It is not intended for on-site testing of pipe systems. This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. In conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 4427 series, this document is applicable to PE pipes, fittings, their joints and to joints with components of PE and other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions: a) a maximum allowable operating pressure (PFA) up to and including 25 bar[1]; b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature. NOTE 3 For other operating temperatures, guidance is given in ISO 4427‑1: 2019, Annex A. The ISO 4427 series covers a range of maximum allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours. [1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.
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This document specifies the pipes made from polyethylene (PE) for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of: - water for human consumption; - raw water prior to treatment; - drainage and sewerage under pressure; - vacuum sewer systems; - water for other purposes. NOTE 1 The intended uses include sea outfalls, laid in water and pipes suspended below bridges. Pipes complying with this document are not intended for the transport of water intended for human consumption in contaminated soils unless special consideration has been taken. NOTE 2 For example, ISO 21004 provides an alternative solution for use in contaminated soils. See Reference [3] in the Bibliography. This document specifies three types of pipe: - PE pipes (outside diameter dn), including any identification stripes; - PE pipes with co-extruded layers on either or both the outside and/or inside of the pipe (total outside diameter dn) where all layers have the same MRS rating; - PE pipes (outside diameter dn) having a peelable and contiguous thermoplastics additional layer on the outside of the pipe ("coated pipe"). This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. In conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 4427 series, this document is applicable to PE pipes, their joints and to joints with components made of PE and other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions: a) a maximum allowable operating pressure (PFA) up to and including 25 bar[1]; b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature. NOTE 3 For other operating temperatures, guidance is given in ISO 4427‑1:2019, Annex A. This document covers a range of maximum allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours. NOTE 4 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and installation practices or codes. [1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.
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This document specifies the fittings made from polyethylene (PE) for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of water for human consumption, raw water prior to treatment, drainage and sewerage under pressure, vacuum sewer systems, and water for other purposes. NOTE 1 The intended uses include sea outfalls, laid in water and connection between pipes suspended below bridges. This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. In conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 4427 series, this document is applicable to PE fittings, to joints with components of PE or other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions: a) a maximum allowable operating pressure (PFA) up to and including 25 bar[1]; b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature. NOTE 2 For other operating temperatures, guidance is given in ISO 4427‑1:2019, Annex A. This document covers a range of maximum allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours. NOTE 3 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and installation practices or codes. This document is applicable to fittings of the following types: 1. fusion fittings; a. electrofusion fittings; b. spigot end fittings (for butt fusion using heated tools and electrofusion socket fusion); c. socket fusion fittings (see Annex A); 2. mechanical fittings; a. compression fittings; b. flanged fittings; 3. fabricated fittings (see Annex B). [1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.
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This document specifies the general aspects of polyethylene (PE) compounds for the manufacture of pressure pipes and fittings (mains and service pipes) for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of: - water for human consumption; - raw water prior to treatment; - drainage and sewerage under pressure; - vacuum sewer systems; - water for other purposes. This document also specifies the test parameters and requirements for the test methods referred to in this document. In conjunction with other parts of the ISO 4427 series, this document is applicable to PE pipes and fittings, their joints and to joints with components made of PE and other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions: a) a maximum allowable operating pressure (PFA) up to and including 25 bar[1]; b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature. NOTE 1 For other operating temperatures, guidance is given in Annex A. The ISO 4427 series covers a range of maximum allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours. NOTE 2 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and installation practices or codes. [1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.
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This standard specifies the requirements for the structural design of water supply pipelines, drains and sewers, and other water industry pipelines, whether operating under atmospheric, greater of lesser pressure. In addition, this standard gives guidance on the application of the established methods of design used in CEN member countries at the time of preparation of the standard. - The Decision was decided for Annex B only. -
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Supply of fresh water is limited and demand is increasing.
4.1.1 The United Nations Population Fund estimates that only 2.5 percent of the water on the Earth is fresh, and only about 0.5 percent is accessible ground or surface water.
4.1.2 While world population tripled in the 20th century, the use of water increased six-fold. The United Nations estimates that in the year 2017, close to 70 percent of the global population will have problems accessing fresh water. Additionally, more than 2 billion people around the world lack basic sanitation facilities.
4.1.3 According to WWAP, agriculture use accounts for 70 percent of annual worldwide water use, industrial use accounts for 22 percent and domestic use accounts for 8 percent (1) .5
4.2 Increased demand has put additional stress on water supplies and distribution systems, threatening both human health and the environment.
4.3 Increased demand has intensified energy use and the associated greenhouse gas emissions. Significant energy is expended for treatment and distribution of water. According to WaterSense, American public water supply and treatment facilities consume about 56 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year—enough electricity to power more than 5 million homes for an entire year. In California, an estimated 19 percent of electricity, 32 percent of natural gas consumption, and 88 billion gallons of diesel fuel annually power the treatment and distribution of water and wastewater (2).
4.4 The building industry diverts an estimated 16 percent of global fresh water annually (3). It is imperative that design and construction address water efficiency. The estimate of annual usage of available fresh water by the building industry accounts for the quantity of water that is required to manufacture building materials and to construct and operate buildings. It does not reflect the impact of the building industry on the quality of water.
4.5 This guide provides information regarding ideal sustain...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to inform sustainable development in the building industry. It outlines ideal sustainability and applied sustainability for water management, consistent with Guide E2432. Both ideal sustainability and applied sustainability should inform decisions regarding water management.
1.1.1 Ideal sustainability is patterned on the hydrological cycle. This provides the concept goals and direction for continual improvement.
1.1.2 Applied sustainability outlines current best practices. This identifies available options considering environmental, economic, and social opportunities and challenges. The most appropriate option(s) are likely to vary depending on the location of the project.
1.2 Water management challenges differ enormously depending on the type of built environment and the available water resources.
1.2.1 The general demands of the built environment vary from very low density rural development to crowded urban development. Large cities present a particular challenge, with 400 cities worldwide housing over 1 million inhabitants.
1.2.2 Successfully meeting the challenges of uneven distribution of water around the world, depletion of groundwater, changing rainfall patterns, and other water industry trends requires sustainable solutions for the effective management of the entire water cycle.
1.2.3 Sustainable design, construction, and operation of water and wastewater services for the built environment are critical components of water stewardship and global sustainable water management.
1.3 Water stewardship encompasses both pollution prevention (quality issues) and conservation (quantity issues).
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user o...
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- Guide10 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document, in conjunction with ISO 11298‑1, specifies requirements and test methods for close-fit lining systems intended to be used for the renovation of water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water intake pipelines.
It applies to pipes and fittings, as manufactured, as well as to the installed lining system. It is applicable to polyethylene (PE) pipes of either solid wall single layer or co-extruded layer construction, which is reduced in the factory or on site to provide a close-fitting independent or interactive pressure pipe liner, as well as associated fittings and joints for the construction of the lining system. It is not applicable to PE coated pipes having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastic additional layer on the outside of the pipe.
It is applicable to PE pipes, fittings and assemblies intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature.
NOTE For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427‑1:2007, Annex A.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of ISO 22391 gives guidance for the assessment of conformity of materials, products, and assemblies in accordance with the applicable part(s) of ISO 22391 intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures.
In conjunction with the other parts of ISO 22391 (see Foreword), this Technical Specification is applicable to polyethylene of raised temperature resistance (PE-RT) piping systems intended to be used for hot and cold water installations within buildings for the conveyance of water, whether or not intended for human consumption (domestic systems) and for heating systems, under design pressures and temperatures appropriate to the class of application (see Table 1 of ISO 22391:2009).
- Technical specification25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Draft26 pagesGerman languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives requirements and guidance for the assessment of conformity of materials, products, and assemblies in accordance with the applicable part(s) of ISO 22391 intended to be included in the manufacturer's quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures. NOTE In order to help the reader, a basic test matrix is given in Annex A. In conjunction with the other parts of ISO 22391 (see Foreword), this document is applicable to polyethylene of raised temperature resistance (PE-RT) piping systems intended to be used for hot and cold water installations within buildings for the conveyance of water, whether or not intended for human consumption (domestic systems) and for heating systems, under design pressures and temperatures appropriate to the class of application (see ISO 22391-1:2009, Table 1).
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Decommissioning of boreholes and monitoring wells, and other devices requires that the specific characteristics of each site be considered. The wide variety of geological, biological, and physical conditions, construction practices, and chemical composition of the surrounding soil, rock, waste, and groundwater precludes the use of a single decommissioning practice. The procedures discussed in this guide are intended to aid the geologist or engineer in selecting the tasks needed to plan, choose materials for, and carry out an effective permanent decommissioning operation. Each individual situation should be evaluated separately and the appropriate technology applied to meet site conditions. Considerations for selection of appropriate procedures are presented in this guide, but other considerations based on site specific conditions should also be considered.
Note 6: Ideally, decommissioning should be considered as an integral part of the design of the monitoring well. Planning at this early stage can make the decommissioning activity easier to accomplish. See Practice D5092 for details on monitoring well construction.
5.2 This guide is intended to provide technical information and is not intended to supplant statutes or regulations of local governing bodies. Approval of the appropriate regulatory authorities should be an important consideration during the decommissioning process. This practice is in general accordance with other national and state guidance documents on well decommissioning (ANSI/NGWA-01-14 [1]1 and California EPA [2].
Note 7: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures that are specifically related to permanent decommissioning (closure) of the following as applied to environmental activities. It is intended for use where solid or hazardous materials or wastes are found, or where conditions occur requiring the need for decommissioning. The following devices are considered in this guide:
1.1.1 A borehole used for geoenvironmental purposes (see Note 1),
1.1.2 Monitoring wells,
1.1.3 Observation wells,
1.1.4 Injection wells (see Note 2),
1.1.5 Piezometers,
1.1.6 Wells used for the extraction of contaminated groundwater, the removal of floating or submerged materials other than water such as gasoline or tetrachloroethylene, or other devices used for the extraction of soil gas,
1.1.7 A borehole used to construct a monitoring well, and
1.1.8 Any other well or boring that houses a vadose zone monitoring device.
1.2 Temporary decommissioning of the above is not covered in this guide.
Note 1: This guide may be used to decommission boreholes where no contamination is observed at a site (see Practice D420 for details); however, the primary use of the guide is to decommission boreholes and wells where solid or hazardous waste have been identified. Methods identified in this guide can also be used in other situations such as the decommissioning of water supply wells and boreholes where water contaminated with nonhazardous pollutants (such as nitrates or sulfates) are present. This guide should be consulted in the event that routine geotechnical studies indicate the presence of contamination at a site. Consult and follow national, state, or local regulations as they may control required decommissioning procedures.
Note 2: The term “well” is used in this guide to denote monitoring wells, piezometers, or other devices constructed in a manner similar to a well. Some of the devices listed such as injection and extraction wells can be decomm...
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- Guide18 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document, in conjunction with ISO 11298‑1, specifies requirements and test methods for close-fit lining systems intended to be used for the renovation of water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water intake pipelines.
It applies to pipes and fittings, as manufactured, as well as to the installed lining system. It is applicable to polyethylene (PE) pipes of either solid wall single layer or co-extruded layer construction, which is reduced in the factory or on site to provide a close-fitting independent or interactive pressure pipe liner, as well as associated fittings and joints for the construction of the lining system. It is not applicable to PE coated pipes having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastic additional layer on the outside of the pipe.
It is applicable to PE pipes, fittings and assemblies intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature.
NOTE For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427‑1:2007, Annex A.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 11298-1:2018 specifies the requirements and test methods for plastics piping systems intended to be used for the renovation of underground water supply networks. It is applicable to pipes and fittings, as manufactured, as well as to the installed lining system. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline or any non-structural sprayed coatings or annular filler.
ISO 11298-1:2018 gives the general requirements common to all relevant renovation techniques.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document, in conjunction with ISO 11298‑1, specifies requirements and test methods for close-fit lining systems intended to be used for the renovation of water supply networks, which transport water intended for human consumption, including raw water intake pipelines. It applies to pipes and fittings, as manufactured, as well as to the installed lining system. It is applicable to polyethylene (PE) pipes of either solid wall single layer or co-extruded layer construction, which is reduced in the factory or on site to provide a close-fitting independent or interactive pressure pipe liner, as well as associated fittings and joints for the construction of the lining system. It is not applicable to PE coated pipes having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastic additional layer on the outside of the pipe. It is applicable to PE pipes, fittings and assemblies intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature. NOTE For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427‑1:2007, Annex A.
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ISO 11298-2:2018, read in conjunction with ISO 11298-1, specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of plastics piping systems installed as continuous pipes in the renovation of underground water supply networks. It is applicable to PE pipes of three different types:
- PE solid wall single layered pipes (nominal outside diameter, dn), including any identification stripes;
- PE pipes with co-extruded layers on either or both the outside and inside of the pipe (total outside diameter, dn), as specified in Annex A, where all layers have the same MRS rating;
- PE coated pipes (outside diameter, dn) having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastics additional layer on the outside of the pipe ("coated pipe"); see Annex A.
In addition, ISO 11298-2:2018 covers
- jointing of pipe lengths by means of butt fusion, and
- fabricated and injection-moulded fittings made of PE.
ISO 11298-2:2018 is applicable to PE pipes, fittings and assemblies intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature.
NOTE For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427-1:2007, Annex A.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This Guide addresses issues related solely to resiliency strategies and the development of a plan to address extreme weather and related physical and chemical changes to water resources. This guide does not include specific advice on risk assessment, however, references are provided in Appendix X1. Adaptation and resiliency design strategies and planning may consist of a wide variety of actions by individuals, communities, or organizations to prepare for, or respond to, the impacts of chronic and extreme natural and manmade events.
4.2 Example Users:
4.2.1 Small business or enterprise owners;
4.2.2 Service industry employees;
4.2.3 Federal, tribal, state or municipal facility staff and regulators, including departments of health; water, sewer and fire departments;
4.2.4 Financial and insurance institutions;
4.2.5 Public works staff, including water systems, groundwater supplies, surface water supplies, stormwater systems, wastewater systems, publically owned treatment works, and agriculture water management agencies;
4.2.6 Consultants, auditors, state, municipal and private inspectors and compliance assistance personnel;
4.2.7 Educational facilities;
4.2.8 Property, buildings and grounds management, including landscaping staff;
4.2.9 Non-regulatory government agencies, such as the military;
4.2.10 Wildlife management entities including government, tribal, and NGOs;
4.2.11 Cities, towns and counties, especially in developing climate vulnerability strategies and plans;
4.2.12 Commercial and residential real estate property developers, including redevelopers;
4.2.13 Non-profits, community groups, and property owners.
4.3 This Guide is a first step in crafting a simplified framework for managing and communicating risks. The framework describes a process by which the user may categorize current climate risks and a priority approach to manage those risks. The technique classifies common responses for both mitigation and re...
SCOPE
1.1 Overview—Water resources in North America and other areas are subject to various impacts from chronic weather patterns, as well as more frequent extreme weather events. These include drought, flooding, changes in stream patterns, increased or decreased run-off, and changes in water quality. Water resources include both man-made and natural reservoirs, rivers, streams, groundwater, and storage ponds. The infrastructure for water supply, wastewater treatment, fire-fighting and agricultural uses are also subject to chronic weather patterns and more frequent extreme weather related events. This guide will provide an explanation of techniques users may employ to build resiliency and a planning outline for municipalities, states and private industry in order to ensure safe, future, effective availability of water resources.
1.2 Purpose—The purpose of this guide is to provide a series of options that organizations may implement to prepare for the environmental impacts and risks from changing environmental conditions, chronic weather patterns, natural or man-made disasters, and extreme weather events. This guide also encourages consistent management of risks from natural disasters to water resources. The guide presents practices and recommendations based on regions and planning horizons that provide institutional and engineering actions to reduce the physical and financial vulnerabilities attributable to changing environmental conditions. It presents available technologies, institutional controls, and engineering controls that can be implemented by individuals and organizations seeking to increase their adaptive and resiliency capacity.
1.2.1 The guide also provides some high-level options for the planning, selection, implementation, and review of strategies in order to ensure that the approach continues to be environmentally responsible, in the best interest of the public, reasonable, and cost effective. This guide ca...
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ISO 11298-1:2018 specifies the requirements and test methods for plastics piping systems intended to be used for the renovation of underground water supply networks. It is applicable to pipes and fittings, as manufactured, as well as to the installed lining system. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline or any non-structural sprayed coatings or annular filler.
ISO 11298-1:2018 gives the general requirements common to all relevant renovation techniques.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 11298-2:2018, read in conjunction with ISO 11298-1, specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of plastics piping systems installed as continuous pipes in the renovation of underground water supply networks. It is applicable to PE pipes of three different types:
- PE solid wall single layered pipes (nominal outside diameter, dn), including any identification stripes;
- PE pipes with co-extruded layers on either or both the outside and inside of the pipe (total outside diameter, dn), as specified in Annex A, where all layers have the same MRS rating;
- PE coated pipes (outside diameter, dn) having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastics additional layer on the outside of the pipe ("coated pipe"); see Annex A.
In addition, ISO 11298-2:2018 covers
- jointing of pipe lengths by means of butt fusion, and
- fabricated and injection-moulded fittings made of PE.
ISO 11298-2:2018 is applicable to PE pipes, fittings and assemblies intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature.
NOTE For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427-1:2007, Annex A.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 11298-1:2018 specifies the requirements and test methods for plastics piping systems intended to be used for the renovation of underground water supply networks. It is applicable to pipes and fittings, as manufactured, as well as to the installed lining system. It is not applicable to the existing pipeline or any non-structural sprayed coatings or annular filler. ISO 11298-1:2018 gives the general requirements common to all relevant renovation techniques.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard17 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
ISO 11298-2:2018, read in conjunction with ISO 11298-1, specifies requirements and test methods for pipes and fittings which are part of plastics piping systems installed as continuous pipes in the renovation of underground water supply networks. It is applicable to PE pipes of three different types: - PE solid wall single layered pipes (nominal outside diameter, dn), including any identification stripes; - PE pipes with co-extruded layers on either or both the outside and inside of the pipe (total outside diameter, dn), as specified in Annex A, where all layers have the same MRS rating; - PE coated pipes (outside diameter, dn) having a peelable, contiguous, thermoplastics additional layer on the outside of the pipe ("coated pipe"); see Annex A. In addition, ISO 11298-2:2018 covers - jointing of pipe lengths by means of butt fusion, and - fabricated and injection-moulded fittings made of PE. ISO 11298-2:2018 is applicable to PE pipes, fittings and assemblies intended to be used at an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature. NOTE For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to 40 °C, see ISO 4427-1:2007, Annex A.
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ISO 21307:2017 establishes general principles regarding the procedure used in the construction and quality assessment of butt fusion jointing of polyethylene (PE) piping system components specified in accordance with relevant ISO standards. These components are installed in accordance with the relevant codes of practice, national regulations or industry guidance. Specifically, this document specifies three butt fusion jointing procedures for PE pipes and fittings. These are: - single low-pressure fusion jointing procedure; - dual low-pressure fusion jointing procedure; - single high-pressure fusion jointing procedure. ISO 21307:2017 takes into consideration the materials and components used, the fusion jointing procedure and equipment and the quality assessment of the completed joint. It can be applied in conjunction with appropriate national regulations and standards.
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ISO 9349:2017 specifies the requirements and test methods applicable to preinsulated ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for the construction of pipelines (or parts thereof): - to convey water (e.g. potable water), wastewater and other liquids; - to be operated with or without pressure; - to be installed below or above ground; - to limit temperature variations of the conveyed fluids. These pipelines are mainly used to prevent the water to be conveyed from freezing by providing external insulation. NOTE 1 In this document, all pressures are relative pressures expressed in bars[1]). ISO 9349:2017 gives, in addition to the specifications of the existing International Standards for the conveying ductile iron pipes and fittings, specifications for materials, dimensions and tolerances, mechanical and thermal properties of the thermal insulation layer and external casing of preinsulated ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories. ISO 9349:2017 covers preinsulated ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories of a size range extending from DN 60 to DN 600 inclusive, which are as follows: - manufactured with socketed, flanged or spigot ends for jointing by means of various types of gaskets which are not within the scope of this document; - preinsulated in the works (excluding on site application of the insulation layer and/or the casing); - normally delivered internally and externally coated; - intended for fluid temperatures from 0 °C to 50 °C, excluding frost. NOTE 2 Other applications are possible by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser. [1]) 100 kPa = 1 bar.
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This European Standard specifies the requirements for pipes, fittings, brackets and the system of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) intended for use as above-ground external rainwater piping systems.
It also specifies:
a) The requirements for metallic brackets.
b) Both solid wall pipes and fittings, (i.e. product manufactured from a single layer), as well as solid wall multi-layer pipes.
c) The test parameters for the test methods referred to in this standard.
Pipes can be used in conjunction with fittings and brackets of acrylic materials provided these polymers meet the performance requirements of this standard.
The products are usually used in conjunction with gutters conforming to EN 607 [1]. They are not intended for use with products conforming to EN 612 [2].
This standard is applicable to PVC-U rainwater systems of circular, square, rectangular or any other shape with sealed (rubber ring or solvent cement) or unsealed joints.
This standard covers a range of pipes and fittings sizes.
NOTE 1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from the size range to take into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes.
NOTE 2 The term "rainwater" in this standard is used also to encompass "surface water" (as defined in EN 752 [6]) run-off from buildings.
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