93 - CIVIL ENGINEERING
ICS 93 Details
CIVIL ENGINEERING
INGENIEURBAU
GENIE CIVIL
NIZKE GRADNJE
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 93 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "CIVIL ENGINEERING". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 5628 standards classified under ICS 93 (CIVIL ENGINEERING). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document specifies a normalized traffic noise spectrum for the evaluation and assessment of the acoustic performance of devices designed to reduce traffic noise near roads.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the laboratory method for measuring the sound absorption performance of road traffic noise reducing devices in reverberant conditions. It covers the assessment of the intrinsic sound absorption performance of devices that can reasonably be assembled inside the testing facility described in EN ISO 354.
This method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of noise reducing devices to be installed on roads in non-reverberant conditions.
The test method in EN ISO 354 referred to in this document excludes devices that act as weakly damped resonators. Some devices will depart significantly from these requirements and in these cases, care is needed in interpreting the results.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation for road traffic noise reducing devices: the sound insulation index.
This document is applicable to:
— determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either on typical installations alongside roads or in laboratory conditions;
— determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of road traffic noise reducing devices in actual use;
— comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— verification of the long-term performance of road traffic noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method);
— interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
This document does not apply to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of road traffic noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches or under covers.
Results for the sound insulation index are expressed as a function of frequency in one-third octave bands, between 200 Hz and 5 kHz for qualification purposes. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in a restricted frequency range and the reasons for the restriction(s) are clearly reported.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the laboratory method for measuring the airborne sound insulation performance of road traffic noise reducing devices in reverberant conditions. It covers the assessment of the intrinsic performance of barriers that can reasonably be assembled inside the testing facility described in EN ISO 10140-2 and EN ISO 10140-4.
This method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed on roads in non-reverberant conditions.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of sound reflection from road noise reducing devices, the sound reflection index, and then calculate a single-number rating for sound absorption from it.
This document is applicable to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either on typical installations alongside roads or on a relevant test specimen section;
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of road traffic noise reducing devices in actual use under direct sound field conditions;
— the comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— the verification of the long-term performance of road traffic noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method).
This document does not apply to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of road traffic noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches.
Results for the sound reflection index are expressed as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands between 200 Hz and 5 kHz, for qualification purposes. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in a restricted frequency range, and the reasons for the restriction(s) are clearly reported.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard73 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods for determining the rates of spread and accuracy of spread of binder and chippings of a surface dressing on a section of road at a given time.
This test method can also be used for determining the rate of spread and accuracy of spread of sprayed bituminous emulsions e.g. when used as bond coats or asphalt preservation systems. The performance categories for binder rate of spread and accuracy of spread in EN 12271 do not apply to bond coats and tack coats.
The test methods are used on site to check the ability of binder sprayers and chipping spreaders to meet the intended rates of spread and tolerances and coefficients of variation.
The test methods can be used to fulfil the Factory Production Control requirements of EN 12271 – Surface Dressings – Requirements.
— Plant and equipment calibration.
— Minimum inspection and test frequencies during production.
Using these methods for inspections during production (FPC), allows certain changes to these methods due to the specificity of certain sites and materials used (e.g. combined chipping-binder spreaders). In this case, the changes are documented in the Factory Production Control (FPC) and identified in the test reports.
Other test methods used to check the rate of spread and accuracy of spread of binder, such as the static spray bar bench test for sprayers, are not covered by this document.
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous operations. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for determining the intrinsic characteristics of sound diffraction of added devices installed on the top of road traffic noise reducing devices. The test method prescribes measurements of the sound pressure level at several reference points near the top edge of a road traffic noise reducing device with and without the added device installed on its top. The effectiveness of the added device is calculated as the difference between the measured values with and without the added devices, correcting for any change in height (the method specified gives the acoustic benefit over a simple barrier of the same height; however, in practice the added device can raise the height and this could provide additional screening depending on the source and receiver positions).
This document is applicable to:
— the preliminary qualification, outdoors or indoors, of added devices to be installed on road traffic noise reducing devices;
— the determination of sound diffraction index difference of added devices in actual use;
— the comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— the verification of the long-term performance of added devices (with a repeated application of the method);
— the interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
The test method can be applied both in situ and on samples purposely built to be tested using the method described here.
Results are expressed as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands between 100 Hz and 5 kHz. If it is not possible to get valid measurements results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in the restricted frequency range and the reasons of the restriction(s) are clearly reported. A single-number rating is calculated from frequency data.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies, for anhydrous bituminous binder (cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders), the measurement of the binder aggregate adhesivity and the influence of adhesion agents or interfacial dopes on adhesion characteristics. This is to help designing binder aggregate systems for surface dressing.
This document specifies methods of measurement of:
— the mechanical adhesion of the binder to the surface of the aggregate;
— the active adhesivity of the binder to the chippings;
— the improvement of the mechanical adhesion and active adhesivity by adding an adhesion agent either into the mass of the binder or by spraying the interface between binder and chippings;
— the wetting temperature of the binder to the aggregate;
— the variation of adhesivity below the fragility temperature.
The wetting capacity of the binder affects the adhesivity properties. With the presence of water, the wetting capacity of bitumen emulsion is naturally high. Even if mechanical adhesion and active adhesivity test methods are mainly dedicated to anhydrous bituminous binders (cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders), these measurements can also be practiced with bitumen emulsion with a personalized interpretation of the results that depends on the design of the binder aggregate system. For bitumen emulsion, the adhesivity is conventionally measured through the water immersion test (EN 13614).
This test method is applicable to:
— bituminous binders used for surface dressings (e.g. conventional or polymer modified binders; mainly anhydrous bituminous binders such as cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders and bitumen emulsions);
— all the following aggregates sizes that can be used for surface dressings:
— set 1: 2/5 mm, 5/8 mm, 8/11 mm and 11/16 mm; and
— set 2: 2/4 mm, 2/6 mm, 4/6 mm, 4/8 mm, 6/10 mm, 6/12 mm and 10/14 mm.
This test method does not apply to quality control on site.
NOTE Further information concerning the purpose of the test can be found in Annex D.
WARNING – The use of this document can involve hazardous operations. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes an assessment procedure for characterising the effect of different pavement types on road traffic noise emission.
The procedure relies on the application of an established measurement method and specifies the de-tailed conditions for its use to enable the determination of characteristic values for the acoustic perfor-mance of road surface types with a given accuracy. Performance is characterised in absolute terms ra-ther than with respect to a reference surface, as specifications for the latter differ from country to coun-try and could contribute to additional uncertainty.
The procedure is intended to be suitable for the following applications:
- for the acoustic labelling (i.e. the determination of initial acoustic properties) of generic or proprie-tary road surface products;
- for the conformity-of-production (COP) assessment of newly laid surfaces, e.g. to assess compliance with acoustic labels and/or contract specifications, or to assess the homogeneity of the surface over its length;
- for the monitoring of the acoustic properties of road surfaces over the course of their working life-time, so as to help inform surface maintenance/replacement policies and increase understanding of the acoustic durability of road surfaces.
The values derived from this procedure are intended to be used for the following purposes:
- to characterise the initial acoustic properties of a road surface type (the acoustic label) using a common procedure across Europe. Such an acoustic label can serve as a baseline for setting perfor-mance requirements in public procurements, COP assessments and monitoring over the working lifetime of the surface. The label enables the comparison of different road surface types in an unbi-ased manner;
- to verify the acoustic quality and homogeneity of a newly laid road surface;
- to determine the acoustic quality and homogeneity of a road surface at a given point during its working lifetime; the collation of sufficient data on the same surface over time enables the predic-tion of acoustic behaviour and can help to drive surface design/development.
In addition, the procedure described within this document also makes possible:
- the establishment of reference values for wider road surface types;
- the derivation of input parameters for road surface corrections within environmental noise calcula-tion methods (in particular, the harmonised CNOSSOS-EU method).
- Technical specification40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods for determining the bond strength between an asphalt layer and other newly constructed construction layers or existing substrates in road or airfield pavements. The tests can also be applied on laboratory prepared interlayers.
The normative tests described in this document are:
— Torque Bond Test (TBT), generally applicable to any layer thicknesses;
— Shear Bond Test (SBT), generally applicable to layer thicknesses > 15 mm;
— Tensile Adhesion Test (TAT), generally applicable to layer thicknesses ≤ 15 mm.
NOTE Further non-normative test methods are described in informative annexes:
— Annex A (informative) - Compressed Shear Bond Test (CSBT);
— Annex B (informative) - Alternative Shear Bond Test (ASBT);
— Annex C (informative) - Layer Adhesion Measuring Instrument (LAMI).
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies white, yellow and orange road markings, removable or non-removable, under the form of road marking assemblies or preformed road markings, to be used for temporary road markings in circulation areas. Other road marking products and colours intended for temporary road markings are not covered in this document.
This document also gives specifications for the evaluation of conformity of temporary road markings in circulation areas including type testing and factory production control.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the laboratory method for measuring the sound absorption performance of road traffic noise reducing devices in reverberant conditions. It covers the assessment of the intrinsic sound absorption performance of devices that can reasonably be assembled inside the testing facility described in EN ISO 354.
This method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of noise reducing devices to be installed on roads in non-reverberant conditions.
The test method in EN ISO 354 referred to in this document excludes devices that act as weakly damped resonators. Some devices will depart significantly from these requirements and in these cases, care is needed in interpreting the results.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for determining the intrinsic characteristics of sound diffraction of added devices installed on the top of road traffic noise reducing devices. The test method prescribes measurements of the sound pressure level at several reference points near the top edge of a road traffic noise reducing device with and without the added device installed on its top. The effectiveness of the added device is calculated as the difference between the measured values with and without the added devices, correcting for any change in height (the method specified gives the acoustic benefit over a simple barrier of the same height; however, in practice the added device can raise the height and this could provide additional screening depending on the source and receiver positions).
This document is applicable to:
— the preliminary qualification, outdoors or indoors, of added devices to be installed on road traffic noise reducing devices;
— the determination of sound diffraction index difference of added devices in actual use;
— the comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— the verification of the long-term performance of added devices (with a repeated application of the method);
— the interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
The test method can be applied both in situ and on samples purposely built to be tested using the method described here.
Results are expressed as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands between 100 Hz and 5 kHz. If it is not possible to get valid measurements results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in the restricted frequency range and the reasons of the restriction(s) are clearly reported. A single-number rating is calculated from frequency data.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the laboratory method for measuring the airborne sound insulation performance of road traffic noise reducing devices in reverberant conditions. It covers the assessment of the intrinsic performance of barriers that can reasonably be assembled inside the testing facility described in EN ISO 10140-2 and EN ISO 10140-4.
This method is not intended for the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed on roads in non-reverberant conditions.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a normalized traffic noise spectrum for the evaluation and assessment of the acoustic performance of devices designed to reduce traffic noise near roads.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation for road traffic noise reducing devices: the sound insulation index.
This document is applicable to:
— determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either on typical installations alongside roads or in laboratory conditions;
— determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of road traffic noise reducing devices in actual use;
— comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— verification of the long-term performance of road traffic noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method);
— interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals.
This document does not apply to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of airborne sound insulation of road traffic noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches or under covers.
Results for the sound insulation index are expressed as a function of frequency in one-third octave bands, between 200 Hz and 5 kHz for qualification purposes. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in a restricted frequency range and the reasons for the restriction(s) are clearly reported.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard60 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a test method for measuring a quantity representative of the intrinsic characteristics of sound reflection from road noise reducing devices, the sound reflection index, and then calculate a single-number rating for sound absorption from it.
This document is applicable to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of noise reducing devices to be installed along roads, to be measured either on typical installations alongside roads or on a relevant test specimen section;
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of road traffic noise reducing devices in actual use under direct sound field conditions;
— the comparison of design specifications with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work;
— the verification of the long-term performance of road traffic noise reducing devices (with a repeated application of the method).
This document does not apply to:
— the determination of the intrinsic characteristics of sound absorption of road traffic noise reducing devices to be installed in reverberant conditions, e.g. inside tunnels or deep trenches.
Results for the sound reflection index are expressed as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands between 200 Hz and 5 kHz, for qualification purposes. If it is not possible to get valid measurement results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results are given in a restricted frequency range, and the reasons for the restriction(s) are clearly reported.
For indoor measurements, see Annex D.
- Standard73 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods for determining the bond strength between an asphalt layer and other newly constructed construction layers or existing substrates in road or airfield pavements. The tests can also be applied on laboratory prepared interlayers.
The normative tests described in this document are:
— Torque Bond Test (TBT), generally applicable to any layer thicknesses;
— Shear Bond Test (SBT), generally applicable to layer thicknesses > 15 mm;
— Tensile Adhesion Test (TAT), generally applicable to layer thicknesses ≤ 15 mm.
NOTE Further non-normative test methods are described in informative annexes:
— Annex A (informative) - Compressed Shear Bond Test (CSBT);
— Annex B (informative) - Alternative Shear Bond Test (ASBT);
— Annex C (informative) - Layer Adhesion Measuring Instrument (LAMI).
- Standard45 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes an assessment procedure for characterising the effect of different pavement types on road traffic noise emission.
The procedure relies on the application of an established measurement method and specifies the de-tailed conditions for its use to enable the determination of characteristic values for the acoustic perfor-mance of road surface types with a given accuracy. Performance is characterised in absolute terms ra-ther than with respect to a reference surface, as specifications for the latter differ from country to coun-try and could contribute to additional uncertainty.
The procedure is intended to be suitable for the following applications:
- for the acoustic labelling (i.e. the determination of initial acoustic properties) of generic or proprie-tary road surface products;
- for the conformity-of-production (COP) assessment of newly laid surfaces, e.g. to assess compliance with acoustic labels and/or contract specifications, or to assess the homogeneity of the surface over its length;
- for the monitoring of the acoustic properties of road surfaces over the course of their working life-time, so as to help inform surface maintenance/replacement policies and increase understanding of the acoustic durability of road surfaces.
The values derived from this procedure are intended to be used for the following purposes:
- to characterise the initial acoustic properties of a road surface type (the acoustic label) using a common procedure across Europe. Such an acoustic label can serve as a baseline for setting perfor-mance requirements in public procurements, COP assessments and monitoring over the working lifetime of the surface. The label enables the comparison of different road surface types in an unbi-ased manner;
- to verify the acoustic quality and homogeneity of a newly laid road surface;
- to determine the acoustic quality and homogeneity of a road surface at a given point during its working lifetime; the collation of sufficient data on the same surface over time enables the predic-tion of acoustic behaviour and can help to drive surface design/development.
In addition, the procedure described within this document also makes possible:
- the establishment of reference values for wider road surface types;
- the derivation of input parameters for road surface corrections within environmental noise calcula-tion methods (in particular, the harmonised CNOSSOS-EU method).
- Technical specification40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the measurement of strain by means of strain gauges and strainmeters carried out for geotechnical monitoring. General rules of performance monitoring of the ground, of structures interacting with the ground, of geotechnical fills and of geotechnical works are presented in ISO 18674-1. This document is applicable to: - performance monitoring of - 1-D structural members such as piles, struts, props and anchor tendons; - 2-D structural members such as foundation plates, sheet piles, diaphragm walls, retaining walls and shotcrete/concrete tunnel linings; - 3-D structural members such as gravity dams, earth- and rock-fill dams, embankments and reinforced soil structures; - checking geotechnical designs and adjustment of construction in connection with the observational design procedure; - evaluating stability during or after construction. With the aid of a stress-strain relationship of the material, strain data can be converted into stress and/or forces (for 1-D members; see ISO 18674-8) or stresses (for 2-D and 3-D members, see ISO 18674-5). NOTE This document fulfils the requirements for the performance monitoring of the ground, of structures interacting with the ground and of geotechnical works by the means of strain measuring instruments as part of the geotechnical investigation and testing in accordance with References [1] and [2].
- Standard47 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document describes the general principles of train detection for operations and services which are applied to any railway. This document provides the link of train detection with management of operational principles. It includes descriptions of operational and environmental conditions affecting train detection and impacts on operations. This document provides non-technical guidance for supporting the choice of a suitable train detection method relating to railway operations, for new lines and upgrade or renewal of train detection systems. This document excludes all technical aspects.
- Technical report14 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies white, yellow and orange road markings, removable or non-removable, under the form of road marking assemblies or preformed road markings, to be used for temporary road markings in circulation areas. Other road marking products and colours intended for temporary road markings are not covered in this document.
This document also gives specifications for the evaluation of conformity of temporary road markings in circulation areas including type testing and factory production control.
- Standard18 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document, together with EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3, specifies the definitions and general requirements for pipes, fittings and the system based on unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) structured-wall piping systems that are intended for use in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for foul wastewater.
NOTE 1 Products complying with this document can also be used in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for surface water.
This document is applicable to:
a) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are to be used buried in the ground outside a building structure only; reflected by the marking of products by “U”;
b) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are to be used buried in ground both outside (application area code “U”) and within a building structure (application area code “D”); reflected in the marking of products by “UD”.
In conjunction with EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3, it is applicable to structured-wall pipes and fittings with or without an integral socket with elastomeric ring seal joints, as well as welded and fused joints.
This part specifies general aspects and gives guidance concerning a national selection of requirement levels and classes where EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3 provide options.
EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3 specify material characteristics, dimensions and tolerances, test methods, test parameters and requirements for pipes with smooth internal and external surfaces, Type A, and pipes with smooth internal and profiled external surfaces, Type B, respectively.
This document, together with EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3, is applicable to a range of pipe and fitting sizes, materials, pipe constructions, stiffness classes and tolerance classes and offers recommendations concerning colours.
NOTE 2 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes.
NOTE 3 Pipes, fittings and other components conforming to any plastic product standards referred to in Clause 2 can be used with pipes and fittings conforming to this document, when they conform to the requirements for joint dimensions given in EN 13476-2 and to the performance requirements given in Clause 9.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document, together with EN 13476-1, specifies the definitions and requirements for pipes, fittings and the system based on unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) structured-wall piping systems that are intended for use in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for foul wastewater.
NOTE 1 Products complying with this document can also be used in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for surface water.
This document is applicable to pipes and fittings with smooth internal and external surfaces, designated as Type A.
This document also specifies test methods and test parameters.
This document is applicable to:
a) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are intended to be used buried underground outside the building structure; reflected in the marking of products by “U”;
b) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are intended to be used buried underground both outside (application area code “U”) and within the building structure, reflected in the marking of products by “UD”.
This document is applicable to structured-wall pipes and fittings with or without an integral socket with elastomeric ring seal joints as well as welded and fused joints.
This document is applicable to a range of pipe and fitting sizes, materials, pipe constructions, stiffness classes, application areas, tolerance classes and gives recommendations concerning colours.
NOTE 2 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes.
- Standard61 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidance and requirements for the assessment of conformity of materials, products, joints and assemblies in accordance with the applicable part(s) of EN 13476 intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures.
NOTE 1 A test matrix provides an overview of the testing scheme in Annex A, Table A.1.
NOTE 2 If certification is involved, the certification body operating in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17065 [1] and EN ISO/IEC 17020 [2] is considered to be competent.
In conjunction with EN 13476-1:2025, EN 13476-2:2025 and EN 13476-3:2025 this document is applicable to Plastics piping systems for non-pressure underground drains and sewers — Structural-wall piping systems of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE).
The application area code used in the marking of pipes and fittings indicates for which application area(s) the products are intended:
U: for the area more than 1 m from the building to which the buried piping system is connected, and
UD: for application area U and the area under and within 1 m from the building where the pipes and the
fittings are buried in ground and are connected to the soil and waste discharge system of the building.
- Technical specification30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document, together with EN 13476-1, specifies the definitions and requirements for pipes, fittings and the system based on unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) structured-wall piping systems that are intended for use in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for foul wastewater.
NOTE 1 Products complying with this document can also be used in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for surface water.
This document is applicable to pipes and fittings with smooth internal and profiled external surfaces, designated as Type B.
This document also specifies test methods and test parameters.
This document is applicable to:
a) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are intended to be used buried underground outside the building structure, reflected in the marking of products by “U”; and
b) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are intended to be used buried underground both outside (application area code “U”) and within the building structure, reflected in the marking of products by “UD”.
This document is applicable to structured-wall pipes and fittings with or without an integral socket with elastomeric ring seal joints as well as welded and fused joints.
This document is applicable to a range of pipe and fitting sizes, materials, pipe constructions, stiffness classes, application areas, tolerance classes and gives recommendations concerning colours.
NOTE 2 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes.
- Standard62 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies test methods for determining the rates of spread and accuracy of spread of binder and chippings of a surface dressing on a section of road at a given time.
This test method can also be used for determining the rate of spread and accuracy of spread of sprayed bituminous emulsions e.g. when used as bond coats or asphalt preservation systems. The performance categories for binder rate of spread and accuracy of spread in EN 12271 do not apply to bond coats and tack coats.
The test methods are used on site to check the ability of binder sprayers and chipping spreaders to meet the intended rates of spread and tolerances and coefficients of variation.
The test methods can be used to fulfil the Factory Production Control requirements of EN 12271 – Surface Dressings – Requirements.
— Plant and equipment calibration.
— Minimum inspection and test frequencies during production.
Using these methods for inspections during production (FPC), allows certain changes to these methods due to the specificity of certain sites and materials used (e.g. combined chipping-binder spreaders). In this case, the changes are documented in the Factory Production Control (FPC) and identified in the test reports.
Other test methods used to check the rate of spread and accuracy of spread of binder, such as the static spray bar bench test for sprayers, are not covered by this document.
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous operations. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard32 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies, for anhydrous bituminous binder (cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders), the measurement of the binder aggregate adhesivity and the influence of adhesion agents or interfacial dopes on adhesion characteristics. This is to help designing binder aggregate systems for surface dressing.
This document specifies methods of measurement of:
— the mechanical adhesion of the binder to the surface of the aggregate;
— the active adhesivity of the binder to the chippings;
— the improvement of the mechanical adhesion and active adhesivity by adding an adhesion agent either into the mass of the binder or by spraying the interface between binder and chippings;
— the wetting temperature of the binder to the aggregate;
— the variation of adhesivity below the fragility temperature.
The wetting capacity of the binder affects the adhesivity properties. With the presence of water, the wetting capacity of bitumen emulsion is naturally high. Even if mechanical adhesion and active adhesivity test methods are mainly dedicated to anhydrous bituminous binders (cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders), these measurements can also be practiced with bitumen emulsion with a personalized interpretation of the results that depends on the design of the binder aggregate system. For bitumen emulsion, the adhesivity is conventionally measured through the water immersion test (EN 13614).
This test method is applicable to:
— bituminous binders used for surface dressings (e.g. conventional or polymer modified binders; mainly anhydrous bituminous binders such as cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders and bitumen emulsions);
— all the following aggregates sizes that can be used for surface dressings:
— set 1: 2/5 mm, 5/8 mm, 8/11 mm and 11/16 mm; and
— set 2: 2/4 mm, 2/6 mm, 4/6 mm, 4/8 mm, 6/10 mm, 6/12 mm and 10/14 mm.
This test method does not apply to quality control on site.
NOTE Further information concerning the purpose of the test can be found in Annex D.
WARNING – The use of this document can involve hazardous operations. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document shows the relationship between the indicators in EN 17472 and ISO 21928-2, used to assess the environmental, social, and economic performance of civil engineering works (CEW), and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which can serve as a tool to communicate the results of the assessment carried out with the methodology established in EN 17472 and ISO 21928-2.
This document does not provide any criteria or rules for performing any kind of assessment.
This document also provides information about how the SDGs are influenced by the performance of several CEW, based on the results of the assessment done according to either EN 17472 or ISO 21928-2, or both, and demonstrate their contributions to achieving the SDGs targets.
The links provided can also be applied to address efforts towards satisfying specific SDGs.
- Technical report76 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies and gives guidance on:
— general requirements for storage of water outside consumers' buildings, including service reservoirs for potable water and reservoirs containing water not for human consumption at intake works or within treatment works, excluding those that are part of the treatment process;
— design;
— general requirements for product standards;
— requirements for quality control and auditing, testing and commissioning;
— operational requirements;
— requirements for inspection, rehabilitation and repair.
The requirements of this document are applicable to:
— design and construction of new reservoirs;
— extension and modification of existing reservoirs;
— significant rehabilitation of existing reservoirs.
This document does not apply to reservoirs formed by the building of dams or the use of lakes for water storage purposes.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives requirements and guidance for the assessment of conformity of formulations, products and assemblies in accordance with EN 1401-1 intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of third-party certification procedures.
NOTE 1 The quality management system is expected to conform to or is no less stringent than the relevant requirements to EN ISO 9001 [1].
NOTE 2 If third party certification is involved, the certification body is expected to be compliant with either EN ISO/IEC 17065 [2] or EN ISO/IEC 17021-series [3], as applicable.
NOTE 3 In order to help the reader, a basic test matrix is given in Annex A.
In conjunction with EN 1401-1, this document is applicable to piping systems made of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) intended for non-pressure underground drainage and sewerage:
- buried in ground outside the building structure (application area code "U");
- both buried in ground within the building structure and outside the building structure (application area code "UD").
- Technical specification23 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document shows the relationship between the indicators in EN 17472 and ISO 21928-2, used to assess the environmental, social, and economic performance of civil engineering works (CEW), and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which can serve as a tool to communicate the results of the assessment carried out with the methodology established in EN 17472 and ISO 21928-2.
This document does not provide any criteria or rules for performing any kind of assessment.
This document also provides information about how the SDGs are influenced by the performance of several CEW, based on the results of the assessment done according to either EN 17472 or ISO 21928-2, or both, and demonstrate their contributions to achieving the SDGs targets.
The links provided can also be applied to address efforts towards satisfying specific SDGs.
- Technical report76 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document is concerned with the assessment of fish survival in pumping stations and hydropower plants, defined as the fraction of fish that passes an installation without significant injury. It does not concern indirect consequences of such installations, usually included in the notions ‘fish safety’ or ‘fish-friendliness’, like avoidance of fish affecting migration, behavioural changes, injury during attempted upstream passage, temporary stunning of fish resulting in potential predation, or depleted oxygen levels.
This document applies to pumps and turbines in pumping stations and hydropower plants that operate in or between bodies of surface water, in rivers, in streams or estuaries containing resident and/or migratory fish stocks. Installations include centrifugal pumps (radial type, mixed-flow type, axial type), Archimedes screws, and water turbines (Francis type, Kaplan type, Bulb type, Straflo type, etc.).
The following methods to assess fish survival are described:
— Survival tests involving the paired release of live fish, introduced in batches of test and control fish upstream and downstream of an installation, and the subsequent recapture in full-flow collection nets. The method is applicable to survival tests in the field and in a laboratory environment. (Clause 6);
— A validated model-based computational method consisting of a blade encounter model and correlations that quantify the biological response to blade strike (Clause 7).
The computational method can be used to scale results from laboratory fish survival tests to full-scale installations operating under different conditions (Clause 8).
The survival tests and computational method can also be applied to open-water turbines, with the caveats mentioned in Annex C.
The results of a survival test or a computed estimation can be compared with a presumed maximum sustainable mortality rate for a given fish population at the site of a pumping station or hydropower plant. However, this document does not define these maximum rates allowing to label a machine as “fish-friendly”, nor does it describe a method for determining such a maximum.
This document offers an integrated method to assess fish survival in pumping stations and hydropower plants by fish survival tests and model-based calculations. It allows (non-)government environmental agencies to evaluate the impact on resident and migratory fish stocks in a uniform manner. Thus the document will help to support the preservation of fish populations and reverse the trend of declining migratory fish stocks. Pump and turbine manufacturers will benefit from the document as it sets uniform and clear criteria for fish survival assessment. Further, the physical model that underlies the computational method in the document, may serve as a tool for new product development. To academia and research institutions, this document represents the baseline of shared understanding. It will serve as an incentive for further research in an effort to fill the omissions and to improve on existing assessment methods.
- Standard80 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard80 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document shows the relationship between the indicators in EN 17472 and ISO 21928-2, used to assess the environmental, social, and economic performance of civil engineering works (CEW), and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which can serve as a tool to communicate the results of the assessment carried out with the methodology established in EN 17472 and ISO 21928-2. This document does not provide any criteria or rules for performing any kind of assessment. This document also provides information about how the SDGs are influenced by the performance of several CEW, based on the results of the assessment done according to either EN 17472 or ISO 21928-2, or both, and demonstrate their contributions to achieving the SDGs targets. The links provided can also be applied to address efforts towards satisfying specific SDGs.
- Technical report67 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical report71 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document, together with EN 13476-1, specifies the definitions and requirements for pipes, fittings and the system based on unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) structured-wall piping systems that are intended for use in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for foul wastewater.
NOTE 1 Products complying with this document can also be used in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for surface water.
This document is applicable to pipes and fittings with smooth internal and profiled external surfaces, designated as Type B.
This document also specifies test methods and test parameters.
This document is applicable to:
a) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are intended to be used buried underground outside the building structure, reflected in the marking of products by “U”; and
b) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are intended to be used buried underground both outside (application area code “U”) and within the building structure, reflected in the marking of products by “UD”.
This document is applicable to structured-wall pipes and fittings with or without an integral socket with elastomeric ring seal joints as well as welded and fused joints.
This document is applicable to a range of pipe and fitting sizes, materials, pipe constructions, stiffness classes, application areas, tolerance classes and gives recommendations concerning colours.
NOTE 2 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes.
- Standard62 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document, together with EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3, specifies the definitions and general requirements for pipes, fittings and the system based on unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) structured-wall piping systems that are intended for use in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for foul wastewater.
NOTE 1 Products complying with this document can also be used in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for surface water.
This document is applicable to:
a) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are to be used buried in the ground outside a building structure only; reflected by the marking of products by “U”;
b) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are to be used buried in ground both outside (application area code “U”) and within a building structure (application area code “D”); reflected in the marking of products by “UD”.
In conjunction with EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3, it is applicable to structured-wall pipes and fittings with or without an integral socket with elastomeric ring seal joints, as well as welded and fused joints.
This part specifies general aspects and gives guidance concerning a national selection of requirement levels and classes where EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3 provide options.
EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3 specify material characteristics, dimensions and tolerances, test methods, test parameters and requirements for pipes with smooth internal and external surfaces, Type A, and pipes with smooth internal and profiled external surfaces, Type B, respectively.
This document, together with EN 13476-2 and EN 13476-3, is applicable to a range of pipe and fitting sizes, materials, pipe constructions, stiffness classes and tolerance classes and offers recommendations concerning colours.
NOTE 2 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes.
NOTE 3 Pipes, fittings and other components conforming to any plastic product standards referred to in Clause 2 can be used with pipes and fittings conforming to this document, when they conform to the requirements for joint dimensions given in EN 13476-2 and to the performance requirements given in Clause 9.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidance and requirements for the assessment of conformity of materials, products, joints and assemblies in accordance with the applicable part(s) of EN 13476 intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures.
NOTE 1 A test matrix provides an overview of the testing scheme in Annex A, Table A.1.
NOTE 2 If certification is involved, the certification body operating in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17065 [1] and EN ISO/IEC 17020 [2] is considered to be competent.
In conjunction with EN 13476-1:2025, EN 13476-2:2025 and EN 13476-3:2025 this document is applicable to Plastics piping systems for non-pressure underground drains and sewers — Structural-wall piping systems of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE).
The application area code used in the marking of pipes and fittings indicates for which application area(s) the products are intended:
U: for the area more than 1 m from the building to which the buried piping system is connected, and
UD: for application area U and the area under and within 1 m from the building where the pipes and the
fittings are buried in ground and are connected to the soil and waste discharge system of the building.
- Technical specification30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies and gives guidance on:
— general requirements for storage of water outside consumers' buildings, including service reservoirs for potable water and reservoirs containing water not for human consumption at intake works or within treatment works, excluding those that are part of the treatment process;
— design;
— general requirements for product standards;
— requirements for quality control and auditing, testing and commissioning;
— operational requirements;
— requirements for inspection, rehabilitation and repair.
The requirements of this document are applicable to:
— design and construction of new reservoirs;
— extension and modification of existing reservoirs;
— significant rehabilitation of existing reservoirs.
This document does not apply to reservoirs formed by the building of dams or the use of lakes for water storage purposes.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document, together with EN 13476-1, specifies the definitions and requirements for pipes, fittings and the system based on unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) structured-wall piping systems that are intended for use in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for foul wastewater.
NOTE 1 Products complying with this document can also be used in non-pressure underground drains and sewers for surface water.
This document is applicable to pipes and fittings with smooth internal and external surfaces, designated as Type A.
This document also specifies test methods and test parameters.
This document is applicable to:
a) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are intended to be used buried underground outside the building structure; reflected in the marking of products by “U”;
b) structured-wall pipes and fittings, which are intended to be used buried underground both outside (application area code “U”) and within the building structure, reflected in the marking of products by “UD”.
This document is applicable to structured-wall pipes and fittings with or without an integral socket with elastomeric ring seal joints as well as welded and fused joints.
This document is applicable to a range of pipe and fitting sizes, materials, pipe constructions, stiffness classes, application areas, tolerance classes and gives recommendations concerning colours.
NOTE 2 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national regulations and installation practices or codes.
- Standard61 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document is concerned with the assessment of fish survival in pumping stations and hydropower plants, defined as the fraction of fish that passes an installation without significant injury. It does not concern indirect consequences of such installations, usually included in the notions ‘fish safety’ or ‘fish-friendliness’, like avoidance of fish affecting migration, behavioural changes, injury during attempted upstream passage, temporary stunning of fish resulting in potential predation, or depleted oxygen levels.
This document applies to pumps and turbines in pumping stations and hydropower plants that operate in or between bodies of surface water, in rivers, in streams or estuaries containing resident and/or migratory fish stocks. Installations include centrifugal pumps (radial type, mixed-flow type, axial type), Archimedes screws, and water turbines (Francis type, Kaplan type, Bulb type, Straflo type, etc.).
The following methods to assess fish survival are described:
— Survival tests involving the paired release of live fish, introduced in batches of test and control fish upstream and downstream of an installation, and the subsequent recapture in full-flow collection nets. The method is applicable to survival tests in the field and in a laboratory environment. (Clause 6);
— A validated model-based computational method consisting of a blade encounter model and correlations that quantify the biological response to blade strike (Clause 7).
The computational method can be used to scale results from laboratory fish survival tests to full-scale installations operating under different conditions (Clause 8).
The survival tests and computational method can also be applied to open-water turbines, with the caveats mentioned in Annex C.
The results of a survival test or a computed estimation can be compared with a presumed maximum sustainable mortality rate for a given fish population at the site of a pumping station or hydropower plant. However, this document does not define these maximum rates allowing to label a machine as “fish-friendly”, nor does it describe a method for determining such a maximum.
This document offers an integrated method to assess fish survival in pumping stations and hydropower plants by fish survival tests and model-based calculations. It allows (non-)government environmental agencies to evaluate the impact on resident and migratory fish stocks in a uniform manner. Thus the document will help to support the preservation of fish populations and reverse the trend of declining migratory fish stocks. Pump and turbine manufacturers will benefit from the document as it sets uniform and clear criteria for fish survival assessment. Further, the physical model that underlies the computational method in the document, may serve as a tool for new product development. To academia and research institutions, this document represents the baseline of shared understanding. It will serve as an incentive for further research in an effort to fill the omissions and to improve on existing assessment methods.
- Standard80 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Standard80 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the mathematical processing of digitized transverse profile measurements to produce indices in the transverse direction for unevenness, other defects and crossfall. The document describes the calculation methods of the indices, such as irregularities, (1) rut depth, (2) ridge height, (3) water depth and area, (4) crossfall, and how to evaluate and report the indices. It also describes possibilities to do further analysis to examine defects and problems on the road that can be seen in the transverse profile. The latter is described in Annex E.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method of determining the water content of rocks.
This document is applicable to the laboratory determination of the water content of a rock test specimen by oven-drying within the scope of geotechnical investigations. The oven-drying method is the definitive procedure used in usual laboratory practice.
The practical procedure for determining the water content of a rock is to determine the mass loss on drying the test specimen to a constant mass in a drying oven controlled at a given temperature. The mass loss is assumed to be due to free water and is referenced to the remaining dry mass of the test specimen.
NOTE This document fulfils the requirements of the determination of water content of rock for geotechnical investigation and testing according to EN 1997-2.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the minimum requirements to meet by measuring systems fitted on track geometry measuring trolleys and manually operated devices to give an evaluation of track geometry quality when using one or more of the parameters described in EN 13848 1. It sets out the acceptable differences from EN 13848 1 when using track geometry measuring trolleys and manually operated devices to measure track geometry.
It applies to all track geometry measuring systems fitted to track geometry measuring trolleys and manually operated devices after the date of implementation of this document.
In the case of lightweight devices working at a speed higher than walking speed, or in the case of track geometry measuring systems installed on track recording cars but not measuring in loaded conditions as defined in EN 13848 1, the test procedure defined in EN 13848 2 is applicable.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the mathematical processing of digitized transverse profile measurements to produce indices in the transverse direction for unevenness, other defects and crossfall. The document describes the calculation methods of the indices, such as irregularities, (1) rut depth, (2) ridge height, (3) water depth and area, (4) crossfall, and how to evaluate and report the indices. It also describes possibilities to do further analysis to examine defects and problems on the road that can be seen in the transverse profile. The latter is described in Annex E.
- Standard40 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method of determining the water content of rocks.
This document is applicable to the laboratory determination of the water content of a rock test specimen by oven-drying within the scope of geotechnical investigations. The oven-drying method is the definitive procedure used in usual laboratory practice.
The practical procedure for determining the water content of a rock is to determine the mass loss on drying the test specimen to a constant mass in a drying oven controlled at a given temperature. The mass loss is assumed to be due to free water and is referenced to the remaining dry mass of the test specimen.
NOTE This document fulfils the requirements of the determination of water content of rock for geotechnical investigation and testing according to EN 1997-2.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method of determining the water content of rocks. This document is applicable to the laboratory determination of the water content of a rock test specimen by oven-drying within the scope of geotechnical investigations. The oven-drying method is the definitive procedure used in usual laboratory practice. The practical procedure for determining the water content of a rock is to determine the mass loss on drying the test specimen to a constant mass in a drying oven controlled at a given temperature. The mass loss is assumed to be due to free water and is referenced to the remaining dry mass of the test specimen. NOTE This document fulfils the requirements of the determination of water content of rock for geotechnical investigation and testing according to EN 1997-2.
- Standard9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard19 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the minimum requirements to meet by measuring systems fitted on track geometry measuring trolleys and manually operated devices to give an evaluation of track geometry quality when using one or more of the parameters described in EN 13848 1. It sets out the acceptable differences from EN 13848 1 when using track geometry measuring trolleys and manually operated devices to measure track geometry.
It applies to all track geometry measuring systems fitted to track geometry measuring trolleys and manually operated devices after the date of implementation of this document.
In the case of lightweight devices working at a speed higher than walking speed, or in the case of track geometry measuring systems installed on track recording cars but not measuring in loaded conditions as defined in EN 13848 1, the test procedure defined in EN 13848 2 is applicable.
- Standard31 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a method for the determination of the adhesivity of cut-back or fluxed bituminous binders coated onto aggregate when immersed in water.
The method can be used with a reference aggregate. In that case, it measures the intrinsic adhesion behaviour of a cut-back and fluxed bituminous binder. The method can also be used with a specific aggregate as used on a job site.
WARNING — The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For environmental reasons and to reduce emissions to air, water and soil, it is recommended to limit the use of products, solvents and energy to the minimum required for a valid test result.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
1.1 This document specifies a direct measurement method for characterizing the surface roughness of the rail and wheel associated with rolling noise ("acoustic roughness"), in the form of a one-third octave band spectrum.
This document describes a method for:
a) selecting measuring positions along a track or selecting wheels of a vehicle;
b) selecting lateral positions for measurements;
c) the data acquisition procedure;
d) measurement data processing in order to estimate a set of one-third octave band roughness spectra;
e) presentation of this estimate for comparison with limits of acoustic roughness;
f) comparison with a given upper limit in terms of a one-third octave band wavelength spectrum;
g) the measuring system requirements.
1.2 It is applicable to the:
a) compliance testing of reference track sections in relation to the acceptance test for noise emitted by railway vehicles;
b) performance testing of track sections in relation to noise emitted by railway vehicles;
c) acceptance of the running surface condition only in the case where the acoustic roughness is the acceptance criterion;
d) assessment of the wheel surface condition as an input for the acoustic acceptance of brake blocks;
e) assessment of the wheel and rail roughness as input to the calculation of combined wheel rail roughness;
f) diagnosis of wheel-rail noise issues for specific tracks or wheels;
g) assessment of the wheel and rail roughness as input to rolling noise modelling;
h) assessment of the wheel and rail roughness as input to noise source separation methods.
1.3 It is not applicable to the:
a) measurement of roughness (rail roughness, wheel roughness or combined roughness) using an indirect method;
b) analysis of the effect of wheel-rail interaction, such as a “contact filter”;
c) approval of rail and wheel reprofiling, including rail grinding operations, except for those where the acoustic roughness is specifically the approval criterion (and not the grinding quality criteria as provided in e.g. EN 13231-3);
d) characterization of track and wheel geometry except where associated with noise generation.
- Standard41 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies two sets of procedures for conditioning of bituminous mixtures in terms of oxidative ageing. Procedures A.1 and A.2 can be applied on loose bituminous mixture before compaction of specimens, procedures B.1 and B.2 on compacted specimens.
Material conditioned by this document can be used for further testing to assess the effect of oxidative ageing on characteristics of bituminous mixtures and thus on their durability and recyclability. Alternatively, binder can be extracted from conditioned mixture to assess the effect of oxidative ageing on binder characteristics taking into account potential effects of mineral aggregates on ageing.
This document is applicable to bituminous mixtures manufactured in the laboratory or in a mixing plant. Procedures B.1 and B.2 are applicable to specimens from laboratory production or samples taken from the field.
- Technical specification15 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day