91.040.01 - Buildings in general
ICS 91.040.01 Details
Buildings in general
Gebaude im allgemeinen
Bâtiments en général
Stavbe na splošno
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 91.040.01 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Buildings in general". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 361 standards classified under ICS 91.040.01 (Buildings in general). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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This document addresses the development of a building commissioning (Cx) plan for new construction, major renovations, or system and assembly replacement projects. The commissioning plan incorporates commissioning activities which begin during early project stages, and continue through pre-design, design, construction, turnover and the first year of operation. The commissioning plan is developed during the design stage and also address later stages of the project. The commissioning plan presents the intended process to verify and document that the quality of the built project in operation meets the requirements of the owner. This document provides an overarching process for the planning of commissioning any aspect of a building project and is intended for use with system or discipline specific standards. This document does not include retro-commissioning or recommissioning in existing buildings.
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This standard provides a comprehensive set of procedures for verifying the correct implementation of each capability claimed on a BACnet PICS including:
(a) support of each claimed BACnet service, either as an initiator, executor, or both,
(b) support of each claimed BACnet object-type, including both required properties and each claimed optional property,
(c) support of the BACnet network layer protocol,
(d) support of each claimed data link option, and
(e) support of all claimed special functionality.
- Standard990 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This standard provides a comprehensive set of procedures for verifying the correct implementation of each capability claimed on a BACnet PICS including:
(a) support of each claimed BACnet service, either as an initiator, executor, or both,
(b) support of each claimed BACnet object-type, including both required properties and each claimed optional property,
(c) support of the BACnet network layer protocol,
(d) support of each claimed data link option, and
(e) support of all claimed special functionality.
- Standard990 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies control applications and function blocks focusing on, but not limited to, lighting, solar protection and heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) applications.
It describes how energy performance, comfort, and operational requirements of buildings are translated into functional specifications for integrated plant and room control.
- Standard162 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies control applications and function blocks focusing on, but not limited to, lighting, solar protection and heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) applications.
It describes how energy performance, comfort, and operational requirements of buildings are translated into functional specifications for integrated plant and room control.
- Standard162 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies control applications and function blocks focusing on, but not limited to, lighting, solar protection and heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) applications. It describes how energy performance, comfort, and operational requirements of buildings are translated into functional specifications for integrated plant and room control.
- Standard147 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard153 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the hardware requirements needed to carry out building automation tasks.
This document is applicable to physical devices, i.e.:
— devices that require human interaction, such as management stations or operator panels;
— devices for data storage and analysis, such as edge or cloud servers;
— devices for control applications, such as automation stations;
— devices for physical quantities acquisition, such as sensors and actuators.
This document provides a generic system topology based on a building network infrastructure, which includes both the devices inside the building envelope and those outside the building envelope.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the hardware requirements needed to carry out building automation tasks.
This document is applicable to physical devices, i.e.:
— devices that require human interaction, such as management stations or operator panels;
— devices for data storage and analysis, such as edge or cloud servers;
— devices for control applications, such as automation stations;
— devices for physical quantities acquisition, such as sensors and actuators.
This document provides a generic system topology based on a building network infrastructure, which includes both the devices inside the building envelope and those outside the building envelope.
- Standard22 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the hardware requirements needed to carry out building automation tasks. This document is applicable to physical devices, i.e.: - devices that require human interaction, such as management stations or operator panels; - devices for data storage and analysis, such as edge or cloud servers; - devices for control applications, such as automation stations; - devices for physical quantities acquisition, such as sensors and actuators. This document provides a generic system topology based on a building network infrastructure, which includes both the devices inside the building envelope and those outside the building envelope.
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- Standard16 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides an overview of the design principles for the building envelope in order to achieve a high quality and energy efficient built environment. The design principles include: - thermal performance; - daylight and visual environment; - air quality; - provisions of natural and mechanical ventilation; - air barrier (airtightness); - watertightness; - moisture proof; - soundproofing; - sustainability and integration with technical building systems and controls. This document is applicable to new buildings and the retrofit of existing buildings.
- Technical report18 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This standard provides a comprehensive set of procedures for verifying the correct implementation of each capability claimed on a BACnet PICS including: (a) support of each claimed BACnet service, either as an initiator, executor, or both, (b) support of each claimed BACnet object-type, including both required properties and each claimed optional property, (c) support of the BACnet network layer protocol, (d) support of each claimed data link option, and (e) support of all claimed special functionality.
- Standard981 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard1016 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document provides guidance for the application of the nine general principles of sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works as specified in ISO 15392:2019, 5.3. It shows the different actors involved with the construction works how to take these principles into account in their decision-making processes in order to increase the contribution of the construction works to sustainability and sustainable development. This document provides a step-by-step approach for: - encouraging the application of the general principles by all stakeholders at each stage of the project and its use, from the decision to build and the initial development of the project brief until the end-of-life of the construction works; - helping interested parties to consider and/or incorporate sustainability thinking in all phases of the building’s or civil engineering works’ life cycle, for all relevant issues of concern, by raising key questions in relation to the general principles; - understanding the outcome (effect) of the application of the general principles; - building on acquired experience to develop best practices and engendering a continuous improvement process.
- Technical specification39 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
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This document establishes the general principles of building environment design to achieve a quality building environment for the occupants and sustainability. This document promotes an approach in which the various parties involved in building environment design collaborate with one another to provide a high-quality building environment. The design process aims to achieve the following: - to address issues concerning sustainability over the building life cycle, including owning and operating costs at all stages of the design process; - to assess the proposed design with rational criteria for the thermal, acoustic and visual environment, the indoor air quality, energy efficiency and performance of technical building systems at each design stage; - to use an iterative design process in which each design stage is subject to design review and decisions before proceeding with the next design phase. The building environment design involves not only the architectural design associated with the environmental quality, but also building system design including effective control methods. This document is applicable to building environment design for new construction and retrofitting existing buildings.
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The document provides principles, framework, and guidance for resilience design adaptive to climate change (RDACC) in buildings and civil engineering works. RDACC is applicable to both new construction and retrofits. RDACC does not address: - adaptation to climate change in the production and procurement of building materials, components and devices; - adaptation to climate change in construction processes; - climate change mitigation in buildings and civil engineering works; - emergency management related to climate change in buildings and civil engineering works.
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This document explains the term "smart building".
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This document explains the term "smart building".
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This document specifies guiding principles for project design and implementation and for the integration of other systems into the building automation and control systems (BACS).
This document specifies the phases required for the BACS project, including
— design (determination of project requirements and production of design documents including technical specifications),
— engineering (detailed function and hardware design),
— installation (installing and commissioning of the BACS), and
— completion (handover, acceptance and project finalization).
This document also specifies the requirements for as-built documentation and training.
This document is not applicable to operation and maintenance, nor is it applicable to retro or continuous commissioning, including a commissioning authority.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document describes methods for diagnosing and assessing conditions that can result in moisture damage impacting the building’s energy and durability performance. For the purpose of classifying moisture damage, methods in this document range from basic observation techniques to more complex methods using equipment to more accurately or precisely render a condition assessment and provide data. This document does not ensure that the methods identified will result in the full disclosure of all moisture damage conditions.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide is intended to act as an aid during the planning, risk management, design, renovation, construction, and ongoing maintenance phases of a project by persons/entities involved (including, engineers, architects, project management personnel/facilities management, contractors, inspectors, risk managers, safety committees, government agencies, and snow removal companies and owners) to reduce snow and ice slip hazards on walkway surfaces. This guide is also intended to complement aspects from Guide F2966 to promote the management of snow and ice on premises using prevention through design strategies.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers design, planning, construction, renovation, maintenance, and risk management considerations of the physical exterior property with regard to snow and ice management for the purpose of reducing the risk of pedestrian slips. The provisions in this guide may also apply to the analysis of existing properties.
1.2 Conformance with this guide may reduce, but will not eliminate, the potential for slip incidents in which the presence or accumulation of snow and ice on walkways may be a contributing factor.
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Guide5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies guiding principles for project design and implementation and for the integration of other systems into the building automation and control systems (BACS).
This document specifies the phases required for the BACS project, including
— design (determination of project requirements and production of design documents including technical specifications),
— engineering (detailed function and hardware design),
— installation (installing and commissioning of the BACS), and
— completion (handover, acceptance and project finalization).
This document also specifies the requirements for as-built documentation and training.
This document is not applicable to operation and maintenance, nor is it applicable to retro or continuous commissioning, including a commissioning authority.
- Standard30 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies guiding principles for project design and implementation and for the integration of other systems into the building automation and control systems (BACS). This document specifies the phases required for the BACS project, including - design (determination of project requirements and production of design documents including technical specifications), - engineering (detailed function and hardware design), - installation (installing and commissioning of the BACS), and - completion (handover, acceptance and project finalization). This document also specifies the requirements for as-built documentation and training. This document is not applicable to operation and maintenance, nor is it applicable to retro or continuous commissioning, including a commissioning authority.
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- Standard24 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This document specifies procedures and conditions to enable the heat flux in electrical surface heating systems to be determined relative to the medium differential temperature for systems. The determination of thermal performance electrical surface heating systems and their conformity to this document is carried out by calculation in accordance with design documents and a model. This enables a uniform assessment and calculation surface heating systems.
The surface temperature and the temperature uniformity of the heated surface, nominal heat flux density between electrical heated layer and space are given as the result.
The ISO 11855 series is applicable to water based embedded surface heating and cooling systems in residential, commercial and industrial buildings[1]. The methods apply to systems integrated into the wall, floor or ceiling construction without any open-air gaps. It does not apply to ceiling mounted panel systems with open air gaps which are not integrated into the building structure.
The ISO 11855 series also applies, as appropriate, to the use of fluids other than water as a heating or cooling medium. The ISO 11855 series is not applicable for testing of systems. The methods do not apply to heated or chilled ceiling panels or beams.
[1] ISO 11855-7 can also be used for electrical heated embedded systems.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies procedures and conditions to enable the heat flux in electrical surface heating systems to be determined relative to the medium differential temperature for systems. The determination of thermal performance electrical surface heating systems and their conformity to this document is carried out by calculation in accordance with design documents and a model. This enables a uniform assessment and calculation surface heating systems.
The surface temperature and the temperature uniformity of the heated surface, nominal heat flux density between electrical heated layer and space are given as the result.
The ISO 11855 series is applicable to water based embedded surface heating and cooling systems in residential, commercial and industrial buildings[1]. The methods apply to systems integrated into the wall, floor or ceiling construction without any open-air gaps. It does not apply to ceiling mounted panel systems with open air gaps which are not integrated into the building structure.
The ISO 11855 series also applies, as appropriate, to the use of fluids other than water as a heating or cooling medium. The ISO 11855 series is not applicable for testing of systems. The methods do not apply to heated or chilled ceiling panels or beams.
[1] ISO 11855-7 can also be used for electrical heated embedded systems.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies procedures and conditions to enable the heat flux in electrical surface heating systems to be determined relative to the medium differential temperature for systems. The determination of thermal performance electrical surface heating systems and their conformity to this document is carried out by calculation in accordance with design documents and a model. This enables a uniform assessment and calculation surface heating systems. The surface temperature and the temperature uniformity of the heated surface, nominal heat flux density between electrical heated layer and space are given as the result. The ISO 11855 series is applicable to water based embedded surface heating and cooling systems in residential, commercial and industrial buildings[1]. The methods apply to systems integrated into the wall, floor or ceiling construction without any open-air gaps. It does not apply to ceiling mounted panel systems with open air gaps which are not integrated into the building structure. The ISO 11855 series also applies, as appropriate, to the use of fluids other than water as a heating or cooling medium. The ISO 11855 series is not applicable for testing of systems. The methods do not apply to heated or chilled ceiling panels or beams. [1] ISO 11855-7 can also be used for electrical heated embedded systems.
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- Amendment25 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document provides a methodology for the evaluation of the potential for sustainable refurbishment of an existing building, as a means of contributing to the circular economy, to support the decision-making process. Sustainable refurbishment aims to close the gap between current performance and current requirements fulfilling authorities’ sustainability regulations and contribute to meet sustainability goals which maximizes the environmental, social and economic performance. It also aims to allow the adaptability to fulfil future needs. It can be used for a building or part(s) of a building, as well as a portfolio of buildings.
This document gives a methodology for assessing performance characteristics of existing buildings in terms of:
1) Technical aspects
2) Adaptability
3) Usability
4) Social aspects
5) Energy, water and operational impacts
6) Quality of indoor environment (including health aspects)
7) Economic feasibility
8) Climate change resilience
9) Embodied environmental impacts
The document describes the work to be done in main applicable categories of a 6 steps process:
• Step 0: Establish brief of the object of the assessment
• Step 1: Evaluating the building
• Step 2: Sustainable deconstruction
• Step 3: Sustainable construction process
• Step 4: Sustainable commissioning
• Step 5: Sustainable in use
NOTE In this document the users are people and organisations using the building, including the facility management. In some buildings visitors are also important users and need to be taken into account.
This approach is generic for all types of buildings. At present this document does not cover civil engineering work and it does not give benchmarks for the evaluation.
Assessment of the impacts of sustainable refurbishment of buildings is covered by calculation methods described in EN 15978, EN 16309 and EN 16627.
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This document provides a compilation of relevant information on building resilience strategies in response to public health emergencies, including: - challenges of public health emergencies on built environment; - resilience strategies to meet the challenges; excluding: - emergency operations; - personnel organization and management.
- Technical report28 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification prescribes requirements for demonstrating that a building's location provides a minimal level of access to public transit that allows occupants to travel to places of employment and to run typical errands. It is intended to facilitate the decision-making process for selection of a building site that provides opportunities for occupants to use public transit. It specifies a single indicator regarding the environmental performance related to a building's location, and for evaluating whether a building is located in such a way as to minimize the impacts associated with occupants' travel.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides requirements for demonstrating that a building’s location provides a minimal level of access to public transit such that building occupants can rely on public transit to travel to places of employment and to run typical errands.
1.2 This specification addresses a single indicator regarding the environmental performance related to a building’s location. It provides one option for evaluating whether a building is located in such a way as to minimize the impacts associated with occupants’ travel.
Note 1: The indicator in and of itself is insufficient to imply any level of “sustainability” for the building or the neighborhood. Similarly, a building’s failure to meet this specification does not necessarily signify a lack of sustainability. Other indicators may be more appropriate for that building or region; those indicators are outside the scope of this specification.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Technical specification2 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document establishes a set of common aspects and impacts for all typologies of civil engineering works, and identifies core sets of environmental, social and economic aspects and impacts for each typology of civil engineering works defined. The common core set of aspects and impacts described in this document are applicable to all types of civil engineering works. In addition, this document describes specific core sets of aspects and impacts for different typologies of civil engineering works (industrial process infrastructures; linear infrastructures; dams and other fluvial works; maritime works; public spaces; and other civil engineering works not contained in the previous typologies). Further, the document gives rules for establishing a system of indicators and describes how to use sustainability indicators regarding civil engineering works. This document does not provide guidelines for the weighting of indicators or the aggregation of assessment results.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The built environment has environmental, economic, and social impacts. These impacts occur at all life-cycle stages in multiple ways and on local, regional, and global scales. It is imperative to understand the nature of these impacts and their relationship to the general principles of sustainability in order to address the opportunities and challenges they present.
4.1.1 It is necessary to identify the environmental impacts in order to promote the positive and mitigate the negative.
4.1.2 It is necessary to quantify the economic impacts in order to improve life-cycle costs and benefits.
4.1.3 It is necessary to identify the social impacts in order to contribute to a positive quality of life for current and future generations.
4.2 The general principles of sustainability—environmental, economic, and social—are interrelated. Decisions founded on the opportunities and challenges of any of the principles will have impacts relative to all of the principles. However, to facilitate clarity in the presentation of the general principles, they are discussed individually in Section 5.
4.3 The practical application of the general principles of sustainability relies upon balancing environmental, economic, and social impacts and committing to continual improvement. Section 6 discusses this balancing of environmental, economic, and social impacts in pursuit of sustainability.
4.4 This guide provides an overview of sustainability, as it is applicable to the built environment. This guide provides general guidance but does not prescribe a specific course of action.
4.5 This guide is intended to inform professionals associated with the building industry.
4.5.1 The general principles identified in this guide are intended to assist users in making decisions that advance sustainability.
4.5.2 The general principles identified in this guide are intended to inform the development and refinement of tools and standards to qualify and quantify impacts of the bu...
SCOPE
1.1 There are three general principles of sustainability: environmental, economic, and social. This guide covers application of the fundamental concepts and associated characteristics for each of the general principles of sustainability to the built environment.
1.2 This guide identifies general methodologies associated with the decision-making process used in pursuing sustainability.
1.3 The general principles identified in this guide are applicable to all life-cycle stages of design and construction within the built environment.
1.4 A variety of tools and standards exist that qualify and quantify impacts of the built environment in terms of the general principles of sustainability. It is not within the scope of this standard to recreate or replace these tools.
1.5 This guide does not provide direction as to the specific implementation of the general principles; nor does it provide direction as to the specific weighting of principles necessary for achieving balance between competing goals.
1.6 Applying the principles in this guide will require professional judgment. Such judgment should be informed by experience with environmental, economic, and social issues as appropriate to the use, type, scale, and location.
1.7 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options but does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education, experience, or community dialogue. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish a...
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- Guide5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology2 consists of terms and definitions pertaining to sustainability.
1.2 The purpose of this terminology is to provide meanings and explanations of terms applicable to sustainability. In the interest of common understanding and standardization, consistent word usage is encouraged to help eliminate the major barrier to effective technical communication.
1.3 It is recommended that terms used only within an individual standard, and having a meaning unique to that standard, be defined or explained in the terminology section of that individual standard.
1.4 Certain standard definitions herein are adopted from other sources. Each is an exact copy. The source is identified at the right margin following the definition and is listed in Section 2.
1.5 Terms are listed in alphabetical sequence. Compound terms appear in the natural spoken order.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Use—This guide is intended for use on a voluntary basis by parties who wish to obtain a limited survey of commercial real estate to assess for readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture as part of a commercial real estate transaction or commercial property management. This guide is intended to constitute a limited inquiry using representative observations for the purposes of conducting due diligence regarding the actual and potential presence of readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture in connection with the subject property. Inquiries that are more and less comprehensive than this guide (including, in some instances, no inquiry) may be appropriate in some circumstances in the opinion of the user (for example, when the presence of moisture affected materials is known to the user). Furthermore, no implication is intended that a person must use this guide in order to be deemed to have conducted appropriate inquiry in a commercially prudent or reasonable manner in a particular transaction. Nevertheless, this guide is intended to reflect a commercially prudent and reasonable inquiry. However, a LMA is not intended to serve as a comprehensive survey for the presence of readily observable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture in all or most of the building systems throughout a commercial building.
4.2 Clarification of Use:
4.2.1 Specific Point in Time—Because conditions conducive to elevated moisture in a building can vary greatly over time due to changes in weather, interior air handling and conditioning, occupancy, and so forth, a user should only rely on the results presented in the report for the point in time at which the LMA was conducted.
4.2.2 Site-Specific—This guide is site-specific in that it relates to assessment of readily observable moisture affected materials and physical def...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—The purpose of this guide2 is to define good commercial practice for conducting a limited survey for readily observable moisture affected materials and conditions conducive to elevated moisture in a commercial building related to commercial real estate transaction or commercial real estate management by conducting: a walk-through survey, document reviews, and interviews as outlined within this guide. This guide is intended to provide a practical means for the limited identification of moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture caused by water infiltration through the building envelope or substructure or generated within the subject building as a result of processes or mechanical systems, excluding de minimis conditions. This guide is to allow a user to assess general moisture concerns, as well as the potential need for further assessment or other actions that may be appropriate that are beyond the scope of this guide. For purposes of this guide, the initialism “LMA” or “Limited Moisture Assessment” is used interchangeably with this guide’s full title.
1.2 Purpose Limitations—While a LMA may be used to survey for readily identifiable moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture, the LMA is not designed to serve as comprehensive survey for the presence of moisture affected materials and physical deficiencies conducive to elevated moisture in all or most areas in a commercial building. It is not intended to reduce or eliminate the risks that elevated moisture may pose to the subject building or its occupants.
1.3 Considerations Beyond This Scope—The use of this guide is limited to the scope set forth in this section. Section 12 of this guide identifies, for informational purposes, certain physical conditions (not an all-inclusive list) that may exist at a subject property and certain activities or procedures (not an all-inclu...
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide presents options for a systematic assessment of fungal growth in buildings.
5.2 This guide allows for site-specific flexibility and professional judgment in the choice of assessment procedures. It may not be necessary to perform in its entirety the basic assessment presented below to resolve a particular problem, for example, where fungal growth is localized and the source and extent of moisture is readily observable.
5.3 Conversely, no matter how comprehensive the survey, all fungal growth may not be identified or located in a fungal assessment.
5.4 Material removal or destructive investigation may be needed to access suspect surfaces.
5.5 Using the procedures described in this guide, the investigator may have obtained the data necessary to suggest specific recommendations, for example, how to remediate the observed fungal growth, or how to prevent further fungal growth, but those recommendations are beyond the scope of this guide.
5.6 Precautions may be needed to protect the assessor and building occupants where access may disturb fungal growth.
5.7 It is the user’s responsibility to protect information that may be considered confidential, or private, or both, in accordance with project contract, corporate protocol, or local, state, and federal regulations, or a combination thereof.
5.8 It may be necessary to enlist other disciplines or trade expertise to assist in some steps of the assessment, but recommendations of when to enlist and whom to enlist are beyond the scope of this guide.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a compendium of information and a menu of options for assessment of fungal growth in buildings, but does not recommend a specific course of action. Due to the wide variety of fungal problems affecting buildings and their occupants, and the wide variety of buildings, it is not possible to describe a set of uniform steps that will always be performed during an assessment (that is, a standard practice); therefore the user of this guide must decide which steps are appropriate for a given situation or building.
1.2 This guide is specific to fungal growth, which is only one potential problem in a building environment. It may be part of, but is not intended to take the place of, a comprehensive indoor air quality investigation.
1.3 This guide describes minimum steps and procedures for collecting background information on a building in question, procedures for evaluating the potential for moisture infiltration or collection, procedures for inspection for suspect fungal growth, and procedures beyond the scope of a basic survey that may be useful for specific problems.
1.4 Assessments for fungal growth may be useful wherever fungal growth is suspected, excess moisture has been present or when there are concerns regarding potential fungal growth.
1.5 Periodic fungal assessment in buildings may be a component of preventative maintenance programs.
1.6 This guide is applicable to buildings including residential (for example, single or multi-family), institutional (for example, schools, hospitals), government, public assembly, commercial (for example, office, retail), and industrial facilities.
1.7 Recommendations for developing a sampling strategy or methods for the collection and analysis of fungal samples are beyond the scope of this guide. For recommendations for developing a sampling strategy, see Ref (1)2, Chapter 10.
1.8 Recommendations for remediation of fungal growth are beyond the scope of this guide.
1.9 This guide is not intended to supersede any government regulations governing the assessment of fungal growth in buildings.
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use...
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This document provides horizontal rules for business-to-consumer communication including benchmarking systems that aim to inform consumers about the life cycle environmental performance of construction products, assembled systems and construction elements. The communication is based on the results of the life cycle of the product, system or element, as incorporated to the construction asset, see EN 15804:2012+A2:2019. B2C communication includes information on benefits and loads beyond the system boundary.
This document is aimed at organizations providing business-to-consumer communication and benchmarking systems and provides guidance on how to develop business-to-consumer communication and common rules for benchmarking methodologies using EPD, see EN 15804, and see EN 15942 for the communication format.
Business-to-consumer communication and benchmarking methodology described in this document is based on a functional unit and cradle-to-grave assessments. B2C communication with no benchmarking is also described in this document.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides criteria that building design teams shall use to compare the environmental impacts associated with a reference building design and a final building design, including additions to existing buildings where applicable.
5.2 This practice deals specifically with material selection for initial construction, including associated maintenance and replacement cycles over an assumed service life, taking operating energy use into account if required or explicitly allowed under the applicable code, standard, or rating system.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides criteria to be applied irrespective of the assessment (LCA) tool that is used when LCA is undertaken at the whole building level to compare a final whole building design to a reference building design.
1.2 The purpose of this practice is to support the use of whole building Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in building codes, standards, and building rating systems by ensuring that comparative assessments of final whole building designs relative to reference building designs take account of the relevant building features, life cycle stages, and related activities in similar fashion for both the reference and final building designs of the same building.
1.3 The criteria do not deal with building occupant behavior, possible future changes in building function, building rehabilitation or retrofit, or other matters that cannot be foreseen or reasonably estimated at the design or permitting stage, or both where this practice applies.
1.4 Only environmental impacts and aspects of sustainability are addressed in this practice. The social and economic impacts and aspects of sustainability are not addressed in this practice.
1.5 This practice does not deal with basic LCA methodology, calculation methods or related matters that are covered in cited international standards.
1.6 This practice does not supersede or modify existing ISO standards for the application of LCA at the product level, nor does it address any of the following related applications:
1.6.1 Aggregation of building products Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) at the whole building level;
1.6.2 Rules for applying EPDs in a building code, standard, or rating system; and
1.6.3 Comparability of building product EPDs.
Note 1: ISO 14025 and ISO 21930 provide guidance on use and comparability of building products EPDs.
1.7 This practice does not specify the impact categories or sustainability aspects to be addressed in building codes, standards, or building rating systems and users of this practice conform to the impact category requirements specified in the applicable code, standard, or rating system.
1.8 The text of this standard contains notes that provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document provides horizontal rules for business-to-consumer communication including benchmarking systems that aim to inform consumers about the life cycle environmental performance of construction products, assembled systems and construction elements. The communication is based on the results of the life cycle of the product, system or element, as incorporated to the construction asset, see EN 15804:2012+A2:2019. B2C communication includes information on benefits and loads beyond the system boundary.
This document is aimed at organizations providing business-to-consumer communication and benchmarking systems and provides guidance on how to develop business-to-consumer communication and common rules for benchmarking methodologies using EPD, see EN 15804, and see EN 15942 for the communication format.
Business-to-consumer communication and benchmarking methodology described in this document is based on a functional unit and cradle-to-grave assessments. B2C communication with no benchmarking is also described in this document.
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This document provides the principles and requirements to enable environmental and technical data provided in EPDs for construction products and services, construction elements and integrated technical systems to be used in BIM to assist in the assessment of the environmental performance of a construction works over its life cycle.
This document gives requirements on structuring EPD information using a data template according to ISO 23386 and ISO 23387, to make EPD data machine-interpretable and to enable their integration into information-driven design, construction, use and end-of-life stages.
This document is applicable to structuring generic LCA data for use within a BIM environment, as these data are required in the absence of suitable EPD data to enable assessment of the environmental performance at the construction works level.
The assessment of environmental performance at the construction works level is not covered by this document.
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