ISO/TC 110/SC 2 - Safety of powered industrial trucks

This document gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for self-propelled carriers designed for carrying burdens without lifting, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2020, and/or personnel carriers, having three or more wheels, a maximum speed not exceeding 56 km/h and a load capacity not exceeding 5 000 kg (hereafter referred to as carriers or trucks). This document is applicable to trucks equipped with a platform (which can be tilting) for the purpose of carrying materials or with a number of seats for the purpose of transporting passengers. It is not applicable to: — vehicles intended primarily for earth-moving or over-the-road hauling; — driverless trucks; — pedestrian controlled trucks; — golf cars; — tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N equipped with a platform for the purpose of carrying materials. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. This document does not deal with hazard due to the risk of break-up during operation. It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur when using trucks on public roads or when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres. It does not establish requirements to provide fire extinguishers. Regional requirements, additional to the requirements given in this document, are addressed in EN 16307‑6:2014 and ISO/TS 3691‑8:2019.

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of reach trucks (with retractable mast or fork arm carriage) and straddle trucks, equipped with tilting or non-tilting masts or fork arms and having a rated capacity up to and including 5 000 kg. It is also applicable to such trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments.

This document specifies the tests to verify the stability of single-side-loading trucks with tiltable or non-tiltable mast or fork arms. It is applicable to trucks fitted with fork arms and/or attachments.

This document gives safety requirements for the application, operation, maintenance, transport, tow, assembly and storage of industrial trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks) as defined in ISO 5053‑1. It applies to the following truck types: a) counterbalance lift trucks; b) reach trucks (with retractable mast or retractable fork arm carriage); c) straddle trucks; d) pallet-stacking trucks; e) platform trucks; f) double stackers; g) side-loading trucks (one side only); h) lateral-stacking trucks (both sides), and lateral- and front-stacking trucks; i) order-picking trucks; j) bidirectional and multidirectional trucks; k) counterbalance container handlers; l) articulated counterbalance lift trucks; m) variable-reach trucks; n) pallet trucks; o) platform and stillage trucks; p) tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N; q) burden and personnel carriers; r) trucks powered by battery, diesel, gasoline or gas (e.g. LPG, CNG, LNG). Automated functions and driverless variants of the above list of trucks are also considered part of this scope.

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of counterbalanced fork-lift trucks with articulating steering and with mast, equipped with fork arms or load-handling attachments. It is not applicable to trucks with retractable devices such as a retractable mast or fork.

This document specifies safety requirements and the means for their verification for driverless industrial trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks) and their systems. Examples of driverless industrial trucks (trucks of ISO 5053-1) can also be known as: "automated guided vehicle", "autonomous mobile robot", "bots", "automated guided cart", "tunnel tugger", "under cart", etc. This document also contains requirements for driverless industrial trucks which are provided with: — automatic modes which either require operators' action(s) to initiate or enable such automatic operations; — the capability to transport one or more riders (which are neither considered as drivers nor as operators); — additional manual modes which allow operators to operate the truck manually; or — a maintenance mode which allows manual operation of truck functions for maintenance reasons. It is not applicable to trucks solely guided by mechanical means (rails, guides, etc.) or to remotely controlled trucks, which are not considered to be driverless trucks. For the purposes of this document, a driverless industrial truck is a powered truck, which is designed to operate automatically. A driverless truck system comprises the control system, which can be part of the truck and/or separate from it, guidance means and power system. Requirements for power sources are not covered in this document. The condition of the operating zone has a significant effect on the safe operation of the driverless industrial truck. The preparations of the operating zone to eliminate the associated hazards are specified in Annex A. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events during all phases of the life of the truck (ISO 12100:2010, 5.4), as listed in Annex B, relevant to the applicable machines when it is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It does not give requirements for additional hazards that can occur: — during operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, freezer applications, strong magnetic fields); — during operation in nuclear environments; — from trucks intended to operate in public zones (in particular ISO 13482); — during operation on a public road; — during operation in potentially explosive environments; — during operation in military applications; — during operation with specific hygienic requirements; — during operation in ionizing radiation environments; — during the transportation of (a) person(s) other than (the) intended rider(s); — when handling loads the nature of which can lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metals, acids/bases, radiating materials); — for rider positions with elevation function higher than 1 200 mm from the floor/ground to the platform floor. This document does not contain safety requirements for trailer(s) being towed behind a truck. This document does not contain safety requirements for elevated operator trucks. This document is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document specifies performance, test methods, controls, control forces and component strength for brake systems fitted to the following, as defined in ISO 5053-1: powered industrial trucks of all capacities; towing and pushing tractors up to and including 66 750 N drawbar pull (hereafter referred to as industrial tractors); burden carriers; and industrial trucks handling freight containers. Loss of electrical power and loss of any other form of power assistance is not covered by this document. Braking systems used in emergency situations (e.g. activating the emergency switch or control system shut down) are not covered in this document. This document only includes requirements for newly manufactured trucks.

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of towing tractors, burden and personnel carriers as defined in ISO 5053-1.

This document gives regional requirements for specific countries outside the European Community (EC) and European Economic Area (EEA) for the types of industrial trucks specified in the scopes of ISO 3691-1, ISO 3691-2, ISO 3691-3, ISO 3691-4 and ISO 3691-6.

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of order picking trucks with an elevating operator position, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, where the operator's position can be raised to an elevation above 1 200 mm. It is applicable to industrial trucks fitted with fork arms, platforms and/or integrated attachments under normal operating conditions. It is not applicable to trucks fitted with a load carrier that can be shifted laterally or pivoted out of the truck's longitudinal centre plane.

This document specifies requirements for indicator lights to show the status of freight-container-handling spreaders and grappler arms. It is applicable to: a) container-handling spreaders with twistlocks for handling unladen and/or laden freight containers; b) grappler (bottom lift) arms for handling semi-trailers and swap bodies; when fitted to: — counterbalance lift trucks, with masts, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.3; — rough terrain trucks, with masts, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.7; — non-stacking low-lift straddle carriers, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.18; — stacking high-lift straddle carriers, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.19; — variable-reach trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.20; — rough-terrain variable-reach trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.21; — variable-reach container handlers, "reach stackers", as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.23; — counterbalance container handlers, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.24.

This part of ISO 22915 specifies tests for verifying the stability of — pallet stackers, — double stackers, and — order-picking trucks with an operator position elevating up to and including 1 200 mm lift height, measured from the ground to the floor of the platform. It is applicable to these types of industrial truck, whether with tilting or non tilting masts or fork arms, having a rated capacity up to and including 5 000 kg. It is also applicable to such trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments and to order-picking trucks with an elevating operator's position up to and including 1 200 mm lift height when equipped with an additional load lifting device(s).

The ISO 22915 series deals with the safety of industrial trucks, as defined in ISO 5053-1, relative to their stability and the verification of that stability. For the purposes of the ISO 22915 series, industrial trucks are wheeled, self‑propelled or pedestrian‑propelled vehicles, excepting those running on rails. They are either operator‑controlled or driverless and designed to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier in racks. This document specifies an additional test for verifying the stability of a truck stacking with mast tilted forward and load in the elevated position. It is applicable to the following types of truck: a) counterbalanced trucks with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915?2; b) reach (retractable mast or forks) and straddle trucks with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915?3; c) pallet stackers with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915-4; d) bidirectional and multidirectional (retractable mast or forks) trucks with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915?7; e) rough-terrain trucks with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915-13; f) counterbalanced trucks fitted with articulated steering with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915-15.

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of counterbalanced trucks with masts, equipped with fork arms or with load handling attachments. It is not applicable to those trucks designed for handling freight containers, dealt with by ISO 22915-9.

ISO 3691-3:2016 gives safety requirements and the means for their verification, additional to those of ISO 3691‑1, for industrial trucks with a vertical, non-tilting mast: a) those trucks having an elevating operator position, and order‑picking trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, where the elevating operator position and the load‑handling device lifts to a height of more than 1 200 mm above ground level; b) lateral- and front-stacking trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, designed to travel with a load-handling device elevated more than 1 200 mm above ground level, with the load-handling device elevated, lowered or laterally displaced, laden or unladen, while the truck is travelling. These trucks are designed to travel indoors on a smooth, level surface (e.g. concrete) and can be guided, unguided, or both, when in use; they are not intended to tow or push. ISO 3691-3:2016 is not applicable to stacker trucks which handle two loads, one on the forks and the other on the support arms, this type of truck being covered by ISO 3691‑1. It is not applicable to trucks with an elevating operator position up to and including 1 200 mm, or to trucks specifically designed to travel with an elevated load having a fork height up to and including 1 200 mm above ground level. It is not applicable to low-level order pickers with elevating operator's position up to and including 1 200 mm lift height which can be equipped with an additional load lifting device having a maximum lift height of 1 800 mm from ground level. ISO 3691-3:2016 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations, or hazardous events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur when using trucks on public roads or when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres. Regional requirements, additional to the requirements given in this part of ISO 3691, are addressed in ISO/TS 3691‑7 and ISO/TS 3691‑8.

ISO 22915-7:2016 specifies the tests for verifying the stability of bidirectional and multidirectional trucks with tilting or non-tilting mast or fork arms. It is also applicable to trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments.

ISO 22915-1:2016 series deals with the safety of industrial trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, relative to their stability and the verification of that stability. For the purposes of ISO 22915, industrial trucks are wheeled, self-propelled, or pedestrian-propelled vehicles excepting those running on rails. They are either operator-controlled or driverless, and are designed to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier in racks. ISO 22915-1:2016 specifies basic test criteria and requirements for verifying the stability of industrial trucks, hereafter referred to as trucks. It applies to the following truck types and special conditions: a) counterbalanced trucks with mast as specified in ISO 22915‑2; b) reach and straddle trucks as specified in ISO 22915‑3; c) pallet stackers, double stackers, and order-picking trucks with operator position elevating up to and including 1 200 mm lift height as specified in ISO 22915‑4; d) single-side-loading trucks as specified in ISO 22915‑5; e) bidirectional and multidirectional trucks as specified in ISO 22915‑7; f) additional stability test for trucks operating in special conditions of stacking with the mast tilted forward as specified in ISO 22915‑8; g) counterbalanced trucks with mast handling freight containers of 6 m (20 ft) length and longer as specified in ISO 22915‑9; h) additional stability test for trucks operating in special conditions with the load substantially laterally displaced by powered devices as specified in ISO 22915‑10; i) industrial variable-reach trucks as specified in ISO 22915‑11; j) industrial variable-reach trucks handling freight containers of 6 m (20 ft) length and longer as specified in ISO 22915‑12; k) rough-terrain variable-reach trucks as specified in ISO 22915‑14; l) counterbalanced trucks with articulated steering as specified in ISO 22915‑15; m) pedestrian-propelled trucks as specified in ISO 22915‑16; n) additional stability test for trucks operating in the special condition of offset load, offset determined by utilization as specified in ISO 22915‑20; o) order-picking trucks with operator position elevating above 1 200 mm as specified in ISO 22915‑21. It also applies to trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments. ISO 22915-1:2016 does not apply to the following: - trucks handling suspended loads which may swing freely; - low-lift trucks with lift height up to and including 500 mm.

ISO 3691-2:2016 gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for self-propelled industrial variable-reach trucks and variable-reach container handlers/reach stackers as defined in ISO 5053‑1 (hereafter referred to as trucks), equipped with forks or integral load-handling devices for normal industrial duties (e.g. fork arms or means, such as spreaders, for handling containers). It is not applicable to - rough-terrain variable-reach trucks, - rough-terrain variable-reach trucks for handling containers, - machines designed primarily for earth-moving (e.g. loaders and dozers), even when their buckets and blades are replaced with forks, - machines from which the load can swing freely in all directions. For the purposes of this part of ISO 3691, fork arms and integrated attachments are considered to be a part of the truck, whereas attachments/equipment mounted on the load carrier or on the fork arms which are removable by the user are not. Nevertheless, requirements for such attachments are also given by the document. Any regional requirements additional to the provisions of this part of ISO 3691 are addressed in ISO/TS 3691‑7 and ISO/TS 3691‑8. ISO 3691-2:2016 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events, as listed in Annex B, with the exception of the following, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur - during construction, - when using trucks on public roads, - when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres, or - when lifting persons.

ISO 22915-12:2014 specifies the tests for verifying the stability of industrial variable-reach trucks when handling empty or laden freight containers of 6 m (20 ft) length and longer. It is applicable to these types of industrial variable-reach trucks that are equipped with a spreader (top lift and side lift), swap bodies, or semi-trailers or other load-handling means applicable for container handling. ISO 22915-12:2014 does not specify requirements for industrial variable-reach trucks (see ISO 22915‑11) and rough terrain variable-reach trucks (see ISO 22915‑14). ISO 22915-12:2014 does not apply to trucks when handling a container which has a mobile centre of gravity (see ISO 3874). ISO 22915-12:2014 is not applicable to counterbalanced trucks with masts designed for handling freight containers, dealt with by ISO 22915‑9.

ISO 22915-22:2014 specifies the tests to verify the stability of lateral- and front-stacking trucks, as defined in ISO 5053-1, with and without elevating operator position. It applies to trucks fitted with fork arms, shuttle forks, and/or integrated attachments under normal operating conditions. It applies to trucks fitted with a load carrier that can be shifted laterally or pivoted out of the longitudinal centre plane of the truck.

ISO 22915-9:2014 specifies the tests for verifying the stability of counterbalanced trucks with masts when handling empty or laden freight containers of 6 m (20 ft) length and longer. It is applicable to these types of industrial trucks that are equipped with forks, a spreader, (top lift and side lift), or other load handling means applicable for container handling. It does not apply to trucks when handling a container which has a mobile centre of gravity (see ISO 3874).

ISO 22915-16:2014 specifies tests for verifying the stability of pedestrian-propelled trucks. It is applicable to straddle, pallet and platform stacker trucks with capacities not exceeding 1 000kg, with manual or battery-powered lift, scissors lift pallet trucks with lift heights up to 1 000 mm and rated capacity up to 1 000kg, with manual or battery-powered lift, and platform trucks. It also applies to trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments. It is not applicable to trucks with retractable devices such as a mast or fork.

ISO 3691-5:2014 gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for the following types of pedestrian-propelled trucks, equipped with load-handling devices for normal industrial duties, e.g. fork arms and platforms, or integrated attachments for special applications: pedestrian-propelled straddle stackers, pallet stackers, industrial trucks with capacities not exceeding 1 000 kg with manual or electrical battery-powered lifting, low-lift pallet trucks with lift height up to 300 mm and rated capacity up to 2 300 kg, scissor-lift pallet trucks with lift heights up to 1 000 mm or rated capacity up to 1 000 kg with manual or electrical battery-powered lifting. It is applicable to trucks provided with either manual or electrical battery-powered lifting, operating on smooth, level, hard surfaces.

ISO 13564-1:2012 specifies the requirements and test procedures for all-round visibility of self-propelled industrial trucks with a rated capacity up to and including 10 000 kg, and industrial variable‑reach trucks with a rated capacity up to and including 10 000 kg, with a sit-on or stand-on operator, without load, and equipped with fork arms or load platform as defined in ISO 5053.

ISO 3691-7:2010 gives regional requirements specific to the countries within the European Community (EC) and European Economic Area (EEA) for the types of industrial trucks specified in the scopes of ISO 3691‑1, ISO 3691‑2, ISO 3691-3, ISO 3691-4, ISO 3691-5 and ISO 3691-6, respectively. It is intended to be used in conjunction with each of those parts of ISO 3691.

ISO 22915-11:2011 specifies tests for verifying the stability of industrial variable-reach trucks, equipped either with fork arms or with load-handling attachments. It is not applicable to those trucks designed for handling freight containers; nor is it applicable to rough-terrain variable-reach trucks, which are covered by ISO 22915‑14.

ISO 2328:2011 specifies the dimensions of, and additional requirements for, fork carriers and hook-on type fork arms, to permit the interchangeability of these fork arms and/or other attachments, relative to the truck-rated capacity and fork arm type, on fork-lift trucks up to and including a rated capacity of 10 999 kg.

ISO 3691-1:2011 gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for the following types of self-propelled industrial trucks, as defined in ISO 5053: industrial counterbalanced trucks; reach trucks with retractable mast or retractable fork arm carriage; straddle trucks; pallet-stacking trucks; high-lift platform trucks; trucks with elevating operator position up to 1 200 mm; side-loading trucks (one side only); lateral-stacking trucks (both sides), and lateral- and front-stacking trucks; pallet trucks; bidirectional and multidirectional trucks; tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N; rough-terrain, counterbalanced trucks; industrial trucks powered by battery, diesel, gasoline or LPG (liquefied petroleum gas).

ISO/TR 29944:2010 describes the selection and calculation of the stopping distance and braking force used in the application of ISO 6292. It does not cover test procedures, control forces or component strengths.

ISO 20898:2008 specifies the electrical requirements for the design and manufacture of self-propelled industrial trucks including masted and variable reach rough terrain trucks (as defined in ISO 5053:1987), and tow tractors with a rated drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N. It applies to trucks with battery voltages in accordance with ISO 1044. For additional requirements of trucks with mains power, see IEC 60204‑1. ISO 20898:2008 does not apply to trucks used in potentially explosive atmospheres or issues related to electromagnetic compatibility. It does not repeat all the technical rules which are state of the art and which are applicable to the material used to construct the industrial truck, for which reference can be made to ISO 12100‑2.

ISO 22915 deals with the safety of industrial trucks, as defined in ISO 5053, relative to their stability and the verification of that stability. For the purposes of ISO 22915, industrial trucks are wheeled, self‑propelled or pedestrian‑propelled vehicles, excepting those running on rails. They are either operator‑controlled or driverless and designed to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier in racks. ISO 22915-10:2008 specifies an additional test for verifying the stability of a laden truck fitted with a powered load-handling device, such as a sideshift, which can displace the centre of gravity to a substantial, predetermined extent from the longitudinal centre plane of the truck. Such devices are used in that mode for depositing and retrieving a load with the mast vertical or raised to maximum boom angle and extension. A displacement is considered to be a substantial displacement if it is more than 100 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity less than 5 000 kg, 150 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity greater than or equal to 5 000 kg and less than or equal to 10 000 kg, 250 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity greater than 10 000 kg and less than 20 000 kg, 350 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity greater than or equal to 20 000 kg.

ISO 22915 deals with the safety of industrial trucks, as defined in ISO 5053, relative to their stability and the verification of that stability. For the purposes of ISO 22915, industrial trucks are wheeled, self‑propelled or pedestrian‑propelled vehicles, excepting those running on rails. They are either operator‑controlled or driverless and designed to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier in racks. ISO 22915-20:2008 specifies an additional test for verifying the stability of a laden truck specifies an additional test for verifying the stability of a laden truck whose utilization creates the special operating condition whereby the load centre of gravity is substantially offset from the truck's longitudinal centre plane. It is applicable to the following types of truck: It is applicable to the following types of truck: counterbalanced trucks; reach (retractable mast or forks) and straddle trucks; pallet stackers; bi‑directional and multi‑directional (retractable mast or forks) trucks; rough-terrain variable reach trucks; counterbalanced trucks fitted with articulated steering; variable reach trucks; rough terrain trucks with mast. A load is considered to be substantially offset if displaced by more than 100 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity less than 5 000 kg, 150 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity greater than or equal to 5 000 kg and less than or equal to 10 000 kg, 250 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity greater than 10 000 kg and less than 20 000 kg, 350 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity greater than or equal to 20 000 kg.

ISO 24135:2006 specifies requirements and test methods for operator lap-type seat-belt assemblies and their associated mounting structure on industrial trucks.

ISO 24135-1:2006 specifies requirements and test methods for operator lap-type seat-belt assemblies and their associated mounting structure on industrial trucks.

ISO 24134:2006 specifies the safety requirements for controls and control systems for the following automated functions of industrial trucks: steering (excluding direct mechanical guidance); travel; lifting and lowering operations; load manipulations, e.g. rotation, reach, slewing, tilting, clamping; combination and/or sequence of these movements. ISO 24134:2006 is intended for use in conjunction with one or more of the applicable parts of ISO 3691. It is not applicable to, and does not include, requirements for the following: safety equipment (e.g. devices for height limitation, speed limitation) used to override driver control; operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, freezer applications, strong magnetic fields); operation in environments subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres); electromagnetic compatibility; transportation of passengers; handling of loads, the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metals, acids/bases, radiating materials). Limitations in the scopes of the applicable parts of ISO 3691 also apply to ISO 24134:2006.

ISO 21281:2005 specifies the layout of pedals of self propelled sit-down rider-controlled industrial trucks, as defined in Parts 1, 2, 3 and 6 of ISO 3691.

ISO 6055:2004 specifies the requirements and testing of overhead guards, operators' legs and feet protection, roll-over protection system (ROPS) and falling-object protection system (FOPS) for any type of high lift, rider operated, powered industrial truck with a lift height exceeding 1 800 mm.

ISO 13284:2002 specifies technical characteristics and strength requirements for fork-arm extensions and telescopic fork arms. It applies to fork-arm extensions and telescopic fork arms designed for use on stacking lift trucks, as defined in ISO 5053, having fork-arm carriers conforming to ISO 2328 and, in the case of fork-arm extensions, hook-on fork arms conforming to ISO 2330. ISO 13284:2002 does not apply to integral transverse telescopic fork devices or scissor-action reach devices.

This International Standard specifies manufacturing, testing, and marking requirements for solid-section fork arms, for quantity production and with all types of mounting. These include but are not limited to, hook, shaft or pin, bolt-on and roller type fork arms.

This part of ISO 13563 specifies additional tests to verify the stability of single side loading fork-lift trucks when handling empty or laden freight containers of 6 m length and above. This part of ISO 13563 specifies tests in addition to those specified in ISO 13563-11). The stability tests contained in this part of ISO 13563 ensure that single side loading fork-lift trucks handling freight containers have satisfactory stability when operating the truck stacking in conditions where wind speed, v, is up to 12,2 m/s (Beaufort Scale 6). Alternative ratings may be used in higher wind speeds with higher values for v in the equation in 3.4.3. This part of ISO 13563 is not applicable to trucks when a) they are handling suspended loads that may swing freely, or b) they are handling a container with a mobile centre of gravity (see ISO 3874). The tests in this part of ISO 13563 take into account the normal degree of eccentric loading of containers as defined in ISO 3874. When handling empty refrigerated containers, as specified in ISO 1496-2, with integral refrigeration unit (reefers), account should be taken of the offset of the load.

This International Standard establishes general principles for the design and application of safety signs and hazard pictorials permanently affixed to all types of industrial truck including those defined in ISO 5053. This International Standard outlines safety sign objectives, describes the basic safety sign formats and colours, and provides guidance on developing the various panels that together constitute a safety sign.

This International Standard establishes symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on powered industrial trucks.

Specifies methods for inspection (of surface cracks, difference in height of fork tips, positioning lock, legibility of marking, wear), repair and testing.

Specifies the dimensions of the stillages in direct contact with the hand-operated elevating trucks: free height, minimum free width.

Specifies the dimensions of these trucks which are directly in relation to the corresponding dimensions of stillages. Defines the maximum height of truck, the maximum width of truck, the basic length of elevating frame and the lift.

Defines terms in English, French and Russian relating to fork arms for fork lift trucks, complying with ISO 2328, ISO 2329 and ISO 2330. Some figures illustrate the meaning and location of the parts mentioned.

ISO 22915-5:2014 specifies the tests to verify the stability of single-side-loading trucks with tiltable or non-tiltable mast or fork arms. It is applicable to trucks fitted with fork arms and/or attachments.

ISO 22915-3:2014 specifies the tests for verifying the stability of reach trucks (with retractable mast or fork) and straddle trucks, equipped with tilting or non-tilting masts or fork arms and having a rated capacity up to and including 5 000 kg. It is also applicable to such trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments.