CEN/TC 125 - Masonry

This document specifies methods for the determination of thermal properties of masonry and masonry products.

This document specifies a method for determining the flexural and compressive strength of moulded mortar specimens. This document is applicable to cement/air-lime mortars, air-lime mortars, mortars with hydraulic binders and retarded mortars.

This document specifies a method for determining the freeze/thaw resistance of clay masonry units in one of two categories F1 or F2.

This European Standard is applicable to factory-made renders and plasters based on organic binders used for external or internal covering on walls, columns, partitions and ceilings. The products are manufactured in paste form, ready to use, or in powder form. This European Standard is also applicable to renders and plasters with inorganic binders such as silicates, silanes, siloxanes and silicones.
Renders and plasters can form the final surface of the structure, textured or not, or they can provide a levelling of the substrate, adequately smooth for subsequent decorative treatments.
This European Standard contains definitions and final performance requirements. It includes relevant characteristic categories to designate renders and plasters.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard. The marking requirement for products covered by this European Standard is included.
This European Standard is not applicable to coating materials and coating systems according to EN 1062-1 and EN 13300.
This European Standard does not contain recommendations for the design and application of renders and plasters. However, this European Standard may be used for definition of renders and plasters in conjunction with codes of application and national specifications for execution of works.

This European Standard specifies requirements for factory-made masonry mortars (bedding, jointing and pointing) for use in masonry walls, columns and partitions (e.g. facing and rendered masonry, load bearing or non-load bearing masonry structures for buildings and civil engineering works).
This European Standard defines for fresh mortar the performance related to workable life, chloride content, air content, density and correction time (for thin-layer mortar only). For hardened mortar it defines, e.g. performances related to compressive strength, bond strength, density measured according to the corresponding test methods contained in separate European Standards.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard. The marking requirement for products covered by this European Standard is included.
This European Standard covers masonry mortars defined in Clause 3 with the exception of site made mortar. However, this European Standard or part of this European Standard may be used in conjunction with codes of application and national specifications covering site made mortar.

This European Standard specifies requirements for prefabricated lintels for maximum spans of 4,5 m and made from steel, autoclaved aerated concrete, manufactured stone, concrete, fired clay units, calcium silicate units, natural stone units, or a combination of these materials. Concrete and steel beams conforming to EN 1090-1, EN 12602 and EN 13225, as appropriate, are not covered by this standard.
Prefabricated lintels can be either complete lintels or the prefabricated part of a composite lintel.
This European Standard is not applicable to:
a)   lintels completely made on site;
b)   lintels of which the tensile parts are made on site;
c)   timber lintels;
d)   natural stone lintels, not reinforced.
Linear components spanning clear openings greater than 4,5 m in masonry walls and linear components intended for use independently in a structural role (e.g. beams) are not covered by this standard.

This European Standard specifies the requirements for masonry bed joint reinforcement for structural use (see 5.2.1) and for non-structural use (see 5.2.2).
Where products are intended for use in cavity wall construction, this European Standard covers only the performance of the meshwork as reinforcement in bed joints and not its performance as wall ties across the cavity.
This European Standard is not applicable to:
a)   products in the form of individual bars or rods;
b)   products formed from materials other than specified grades of austenitic stainless steel, austenitic ferritic stainless steel, zinc pre-coated steel sheet or zinc coated steel wire with or without organic coating.
NOTE   Annex ZA refers only to welded wire meshwork intended for structural use referred to in 5.2.1 as there are no known regulated requirements for products of this family for non-structural use.

TC - clarification of Units

TC - clarification of Units

In the masonry unit standards and in national legislation, some properties need to be declared based on a certain fractile and confidence level. To demonstrate compliance with that a statistical tool can be used.
The purpose of this Technical Report is to exemplify how a statistical tool can be used in practice. This document should not contradict nor extend the scope of the work and role of a Notified Body, nor impose additional burdens on the manufacturer, beyond those laid down in the Construction Products Regulation and the product standards.
Mechanical and other properties of building materials and components are in the report described by random variables with a certain type of probability distribution. The popular normal distribution (Laplace-Gauss distribution) is given in Annex A. Normal distribution may be used to approximate many actual symmetrical distributions. When a remarkable asymmetry is observed, then another type of distribution reflecting this asymmetry should be considered, leading to a more complex method to demonstrate compliance with the product standard. More information on the normality test of Shapiro-Wilk is given in Annex D.

This European Standard is applicable to factory-made rendering/plastering mortars based on inorganic binders for external (rendering) and internal (plastering) use on walls, ceilings, columns and partitions. It contains definitions and final performance requirements.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard. The marking requirement for products covered by this European Standard is included.
It does not cover mortars where calcium sulphate binder is the principal active binding agent.
Calcium sulphate binder can be used as an additional binder together with air lime. If air lime is the principal active binding component, the rendering/plastering mortar is covered by this European Standard. If the calcium sulphate binder is the principal active binding component, the mortar is covered by EN 13279.
Special fire resistant- and acoustical mortars, mortars for structural repair and surface treatments of building elements such as materials for smoothing or trueing, paints, coatings, thin-layer organic renders/plasters and prefabricated units (e.g. plasterboards) are not dealt with in this European Standard.
This European Standard covers rendering/plastering mortars defined in Clause 3 with the exception of site-made rendering/plastering mortars. However, this European Standard or part of this European Standard may be used in conjunction with codes of application and national specifications covering site-made mortar.

This European Standard specifies requirements for wall ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets for interconnecting masonry and for connecting masonry to other parts of works and buildings including walls, floors, beams, and columns. Where anchors or fasteners are supplied or specified as part of an ancillary component, the requirements including performance requirements apply to the complete product.
This European Standard is not applicable to:
a)   anchors and fasteners other than as part of an ancillary component;
b)   shelf angles;
c)   wall starter plates for tying into existing walls;
d)   products formed from materials other than:
1)   austenitic stainless steel (molybdenum chrome nickel alloys or chrome nickel alloys);
2)   austenitic ferritic stainless steel;
3)   ferritic stainless steel;
4)   copper;
5)   phosphor bronze;
6)   aluminium bronze;
7)   zinc-coated-steel with or without organic coating;
8)   polypropylene;
9)   polyamide (for expansion plugs only).
NOTE   The resistance to fire performance of the products included herein cannot be assessed separately from the masonry element of which they are part and is therefore not covered under the scope of this part of this European Standard.

This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the adhesive strength between rendering and plastering mortars and a substrate.

This European Standard deals with the design considerations and essential principles for internal plastering systems and application of plastering systems.
The different parts of the EN 13914 series of standards specify requirements and recommendations for detailing, design and material considerations, the selection of mixes and the application of gypsum plasters, gypsum/lime plasters, lightweight plasters, lime/gypsum-, cement- and cement/lime-based plasters, lime-based plasters, clay plasters, silicate plasters, organic plasters, polymer-modified plasters, etc.
This standard does not deal with the following:
-   external finishes;
-   painting and/or preparation;
-   impregnations;
-   structural repair of concrete;
-   prefabricated fibre-reinforced plaster elements.
Owing to the many and varied materials and practices and different climatic conditions in Europe it is not possible for certain aspects of the standard to enter into sufficient detail to be fully usable to practitioners in each country. Such guidance to complement, but not alter, any basic European recommendations is given in documentation prepared by each country. Aspects of this European Standard, the basic recommendations of which may need to be complemented, are indicated where they occur by a footnote referencing this clause.

This European Standard specifies requirements and recommendations for the design, preparation and application of
-   renders based on cement, lime or other mineral binders, and/or combinations thereof, masonry cement and polymer modified binder based external renderings, in accordance with FprEN 998-1 or site made renders;
-   renders based on organic binders in accordance with FprEN 15824
on all common types of backgrounds. It includes rendering on both new and old backgrounds and the maintenance and repair of existing work. This document gives guidance on the use of established site, factory and semi-finished factory made renders.
This document does not cover the following:
a)   the use and application of special renders for liquid retaining structures, e.g. coatings, and for backgrounds to cladding systems;
b)   the structural repair of concrete;
c)   the installation of external thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS);
d)   the specification and use of sealants used to seal joints for use with rendering;
e)   the use of gypsum based renders used externally, but their use may be permitted in some countries;
Gypsum based products soften when subject to prolonged moist conditions. The use of such products externally will depend upon the climatic conditions where the render will be used and on the local building traditions. With the exception of some drier countries in southern Europe gypsum based renders are generally not recommended for external use and are therefore not included within the scope of this document. However, their use may be permitted and controlled locally. )
f)   renders on historical monuments or buildings in protected areas which may be regulated by national codes;
g)   the design and installation of flashings at windowsills and elsewhere.
Because of the many and varied materials and practices and different climatic conditions in Europe it is not possible for certain aspects of the standard to enter into sufficient detail to be fully usable to practitioners in each country. Appropriate guidance to complement, but not alter any basic European recommendations is given in documentation prepared by each country. Aspects of this European Standard whose basic recommendations may need to be complemented are indicated where they occur by a footnote referencing this clause.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the active soluble salts content of clay masonry units.

This European Standard specifies methods for determining the flexural and shear resistances and load deflection characteristics of single span, single or composite lintels used for supporting uniformly distributed loads over openings in masonry construction.

This European standard specifies a method for determining the flexural strength of small masonry specimens for the two principal axes of loading. Guidance is given on the preparation of the specimens, the conditioning required before testing, the testing machine, the method of test, the method of calculation and the contents of the test report.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance requirements of calcium silicate masonry units for which the main intended uses are inner walls, outer walls, cellars, foundations and external chimney masonry.
This European Standard is intended to apply to all calcium silicate masonry units, including those of an overall nonrectangular parallelepiped shape, specially shaped and accessory units.
It defines the performance related to e.g. strength, density and dimensional accuracy, measured according to the corresponding test methods contained in separate European Standards.
It provides for the !assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP)" of the product to this European Standard. The marking requirement for products covered by this document is also included.
This European Standard does not specify standard sizes for calcium silicate masonry units, nor standard work dimensions and angles of specially shaped and accessory units.
It does not cover units with more than 60 % volume of voids, nor products made from shale as a major raw material.
It does not cover storey height panels.
It does not cover units intended for use as a damp proof course, nor units with an incorporated thermal insulation material bonded to the faces of the unit susceptible to be exposed to fire, nor chimney flue units.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance requirements of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry units for which the main intended uses are different types of load bearing and non-load bearing applications in all forms of walling including single leaf, cavity, partitions, retaining, basement and general use below ground level, including walling for fire protection, thermal insulation, sound insulation and the fabric of chimneys (excluding chimney flue units).
This European Standard includes AAC masonry units with an incorporated insulation not exposed to fire, and masonry units of an overall rectangular parallelepiped shape, specially shaped and accessory units. AAC masonry units may consist of layers of different densities where not all of the layers are loadbearing.
It provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard.
The marking requirement for products covered by this European Standard is included.
This European Standard does not cover the requirements for storey height panels, flue linings and masonry units with an incorporated thermal insulation material bonded to the faces of the unit susceptible to be exposed to fire. It does not specify standard sizes for autoclaved aerated concrete units nor standard work dimensions and angles of specially shaped and accessory units. It does not give permissible deviations for specially shaped and accessory units. It does not cover products intended for use as a damp proof course or the lining of a chimney.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance requirements of aggregate concrete masonry units made from dense and lightweight aggregates or a combination of both for which the main intended uses are common, facing or exposed masonry in load bearing or non-load bearing building and civil engineering applications. The units are suitable for all forms of walling, including single leaf, external leaf to chimneys, cavity wall, partitions, retaining, and basement. They can provide fire protection, thermal insulation, sound insulation and sound absorption.
This European Standard includes aggregate concrete masonry units of an overall non-rectangular parallelepiped shape, !specially" shaped and accessory units.
It defines the performance related to e.g. strength, density, dimensional accuracy, and provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard. The marking requirement for products covered by this European Standard is included.
This European Standard does not specify standard sizes for aggregate concrete masonry units, nor standard work dimensions and angles of specially shaped aggregate concrete masonry units. It does not cover storey height panels, chimney flue linings nor units intended for use as a damp proof course. It does not cover units with an incorporated thermal insulation material bonded to the faces of the unit susceptible to be exposed to fire.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance requirements of masonry units manufactured from natural stone the width of which is equal to or greater than 80 mm, for which the main intended uses are common, facing or exposed masonry units in loadbearing or non-loadbearing building and civil engineering applications These units are suitable for all forms of coursed or random masonry walling, including single leaf, cavity, partition, retaining and the external masonry to chimneys. They can provide fire protection, thermal insulation, sound insulation and sound absorption.
This European Standard includes natural stone masonry units of an overall non-rectangular parallelepiped shape, specially shaped and accessory units for internal and external application.
It defines the performance related to e.g. strength, petrographic description, density, porosity, dimensional accuracy, thermal conductivity, water absorption, and frost resistance and provides for the !assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP)" of the product to this European Standard. The marking requirements for products covered by this European Standard are also included.
This European Standard does not cover storey height panels, natural stone for paving, chimney flue linings nor units intended for use as damp proof course.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance requirements for masonry units manufactured from clay for which the main intended uses are protected or unprotected masonry structure (see definitions 3.3 and 3.4) (e.g. facing and rendered masonry, loadbearing or non-loadbearing masonry structures, including internal linings and partitions, for building and civil engineering).
(...)
This European Standard includes those clay masonry units of an overall non-rectangular parallelepiped shape.
It defines the performance related to e.g. dimensional tolerances, strength, density measured according to the corresponding test methods contained in separate European Standards.
It provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of the product to this European Standard.
The marking requirement for products covered by this European Standard is included.
This European Standard does not specify standard sizes for clay masonry units, nor does it specify standard work dimensions, angles and radii of specially shaped clay masonry units. This European Standard does not include method of measurement of angles and radii characteristics of specially shaped clay masonry units.
This European Standard does not cover requirements for the following: units for paving, flue liners and storey height clay masonry units and clay masonry units with an incorporated thermal insulation material bonded to the faces of the unit susceptible to be exposed to fire. It does, however, include clay masonry units for external chimney masonry.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics and performance requirements of manufactured stone masonry units for which the main intended uses are facing or exposed masonry in load bearing or non-load bearing building and civil engineering applications. The units are suitable for all forms of coursed or random masonry walling, including single leaf, cavity, partition, retaining and the external masonry to chimneys. They can provide fire protection, thermal insulation, sound insulation and sound absorption. This standard covers concrete masonry units manufactured to resemble natural stone using casting or pressing techniques with or without textured surfaces produced, by casting, splitting, washing, blasting or tooling and with or without variable outline effects. It covers homogeneous masonry units and those consisting of different facing and backing concrete mixes but excludes those manufactured with an adhesive bonded decorative face. This standard does not cover masonry units intended to conform to EN 771-3. It defines the performance related to e.g. strength, density, dimensional accuracy, surface appearance and provides for the evaluation of conformity of the product to this European Standard. The marking requirements for products covered by this European Standard are also included. This European Standard does not apply to storey height panels, masonry units used for chimney flues or units manufactured with an adhesive bonded decorative face. It does not include products intended to be used as a damp proof course nor does it specify standard sizes for manufactured stone masonry units or work dimensions and angles of specially shaped units. It does not cover units with an incorporated thermal insulation material bonded to the faces of the unit susceptible to be exposed to fire.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the compressive strength of masonry units.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the in plane initial shear strength of the
horizontal bed joint between the prefabricated part of a composite lintel and the masonry above it,
using a specimen tested in shear. Guidance is given on the preparation of the specimens, the conditioning required before testing, the testing machine, the method of test, the method of calculation and the contents of the test report. The method corresponds with the method described in EN 1052-3:2003+A1:2006. Guidance is given where the method deviates from EN 1052-3. Therefore, each section of EN 1052-3 is repeated given the necessary changes.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the tensile and compressive load capacity and load displacement characteristics of wall ties screwed, nailed, grouted or otherwise attached to frame elements or to inner leaf materials. The test is intended for ties for connecting masonry leaves to frame structures and to the inner leaves of cavity walls other than by embedding the inner connection in a mortar joint.

This European Standard specifies the couplet method for determining the horizontal and vertical shear load resistance and load-deflection behaviour of shear ties and slip ties embedded in mortar joints. The test is intended for ties for connecting together two leaves of masonry forming a collar jointed wall or two walls at right angles. It also applies to ties used for connecting the edges of infill
panel walls to frames which encircle them.

This European Standard specifies the couplet method for determining the tensile and compressive load capacity and load displacement characteristics of wall ties embedded in mortar joints. The test is intended for ties used for connecting together two leaves of masonry and for the mortar-bedded end of ties for connecting masonry leaves to other structures.

This European Standard specifies a method of determining the overall dimensions, thickness and combined thickness of shells and webs, depth of voids and plane parallelism of the bed faces of masonry units.

This European Standard specifies a method of determining the freeze-thaw resistance of calcium silicate masonry units.

This European Standard specifies a method of determining the water absorption coefficient due to capillary action for aggregate concrete, autoclaved aerated concrete, natural stone and manufactured stone masonry units and the initial rate of water absorption for clay masonry units.

This European Standard specifies a method of determining the water absorption of clay and calcium silicate masonry units by immersing them in cold water.

To introduce an optional method for testing at zero pre-compression.

Modifications to Foreword, Clause 2 and 7.1

Modification do Clause 2 and 8.2.

Modification to Foreword, Clause 2 and 7.2.2.

Modification to Clause 2, Clause 3, Clause 4, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2 and Clause 8.

Modification to Clause 2 and Clause 6.

Modification to Foreword, Clause 2, 3.3, 5.3 and 6.2.2.

2020-01-20: Originator of XML version: NEN (on behalf of NEN, ASI, DS, SFS, SIS, SN)

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the water-soluble chloride content of fresh mortars.

This European Standard specifies methods for determining the load capacity and load-deflection characteristics of restraint straps fixed to timber joists, rafters and timber wall plates and masonry walls.

This European Standard specifies a method for determining the steady state water vapour permeability of rendering and plastering mortars in accordance with prEN 998-1 at the upper and lower part of the hygroscopic range. The test method is applicable to mortars from which disc shaped specimens of uniform thickness between 10 mm and 30 mm can be made.

2020-01-20: Originator of XML version: NEN (on behalf of NEN, ASI, DS, SFS, SIS, SN)

2020-01-20: Originator of XML version: NEN (on behalf of NEN, ASI, DS, SFS, SIS, SN)

2020-01-20: Originator of XML version: NEN (on behalf of NEN, ASI, DS, SFS, SIS, SN)

This CEN Technical Report has been developed by CEN TC 125 and is aimed at providing guidance regarding factory production control (FPC) for designed masonry mortars (conformity system 2+).
For prescribed masonry mortar, plaster and rendering mortar (conformity system 4) there is no requirement for involvement by Notified Bodies (NBs). Manufacturers of prescribed masonry mortars can use the guidance given in this document as a basis for establishing suitable factory production control procedures to enable demonstration of conformity with the standard and the declared values.

This document specifies a method for determining the bond strength of horizontal bed joints in masonry using a bond wrench.
Guidance is given on the preparation of the specimens, the conditioning required before testing, the testing equipment, machine, the method of test, the method of calculation and the contents of the test report.

To amend Annex A in respect of the mass of the moving parts of the flow table.