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77.120.40 - Nickel, chromium and their alloys

ICS 77.120.40 Details

Nickel, chromium and their alloys

Nickel, Chrom und deren Legierungen

Nickel et alliages de nickel

Nikelj, krom in njune zlitine

General Information

Parent
77.120 - Non-ferrous metals

Frequently Asked Questions

ICS 77.120.40 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Nickel, chromium and their alloys". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.

There are 331 standards classified under ICS 77.120.40 (Nickel, chromium and their alloys). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.

The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.

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Standardization Organization
Technical Committee
Directive
Mandate
50
ASTM
ASTM B705-24(Specification)
Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Niobium Alloy, Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy, and Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy Welded Pipe

ABSTRACT
This specification covers UNS N06625, N06219, and N08825 nickel-alloy welded pipe in the annealed condition. The pipe shall be manufactured from flat-rolled alloy by an automatic welding process with no additional filler metal. The pipe material shall be cold-worked, annealed, and nondestructively tested. The pipe shall be furnished with oxide removed. The material shall conform to the composition required by the specification. The pipe shall be subjected to tensile, yield, elongation, transverse guided bend, and nondestructive test requirements. Nondestructive test includes hydrostatic, pneumatic, eddy current, ultrasonic, leak, and electric testing. Acceptable size limit of cracks or other defect after bending test is specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers welded UNS N06625,2 UNS N062192 and UNS N088252 pipe in the annealed condition (temper) for general corrosion applications.  
1.2 This specification covers pipe sizes in schedules shown in the Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter and Wall Thickness for Welded Pipe table of Specification B775.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B160-24(Specification)
Standard Specification for Nickel Rod and Bar

ABSTRACT
This specification covers nickel (UNS N02200), low carbon nickel (UNS N02201), and solution strengthened nickel (UNS N02211) in the form of hot-worked, cold-worked, or annealed rods and bars of round, square, hexagonal, or rectangular solid section. The material shall conform to the chemical composition limits specified for nickel, copper, iron, manganese, carbon, silicon, and sulfur. Mechanical requirements including tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are given for specific conditions and diameter or distance between parallel surfaces. Chemical analysis, tension test, and hardness test shall be performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers nickel (UNS N02200),3 low-carbon nickel (UNS N02201),3 and solution-strengthened nickel (UNS N02211) in the form of hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar in the conditions shown in Table 1.    
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A990/A990M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Nickel-Chromium and Nickel Alloys, Specially Controlled for Pressure-Retaining Parts for Corrosive Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloy castings specially processed with restricted melt practices, weldability testing, and nondestructive examination (NDE) requirements for use in pressure retaining parts with corrosive service environments. The choice of manufacturing procedure to be used for producing the alloy castings shall be according to specified metallic contents. Materials shall conform to specified chemical composition and tensile property requirements, and weldability qualifications. Nondestructive examination requirements such as casting thickness shall be evaluated by visual, radiographic, and liquid penetrant inspection. Castings shall be repair welded and solution heat treated prior to final cleaning by blasting, and shall not be peened, plugged, or impregnated.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloy castings specially processed with restricted melt practices, weldability testing, and nondestructive examination (NDE) requirements.  
1.2 A number of grades of iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloy castings are included in this specification. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service in corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosion-resistant characteristics.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable M-specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B704-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Welded Nickel Alloy Tubes

ABSTRACT
This specification covers welded tubes made of UNS N06625, UNS N06219 and UNS N08825 alloys for use in boilers, heat exchangers and condensers for general corrosion prevention in either low or high-temperature environments. This standard contains information on manufacturing, chemical composition, mechanical properties and dimensional requirements for the welded tubes.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers welded UNS N06219, UNS N06625, UNS N08642, UNS N08825, and UNS N08827 nickel alloy boiler, heat exchanger, and condenser tubes for general corrosion resisting and low or high-temperature service.  
1.2 This specification covers tubes 1/8 in. to 5 in. (3.18 mm to 127 mm), inclusive, in outside diameter and 0.015 in. to 0.500 in. (0.38 mm to 12.70 mm), inclusive, in wall thickness. Specification B751 lists the dimensional requirements of these sizes. Tubes having other dimensions may be furnished provided such tubing complies with all other requirements of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIST
SIST EN 2302:2023(Main)
Aerospace series - Heat-resisting nickel base alloy NiCr20Co3Fe3 - Rm ≥ 650 MPa - Sheets and strips, cold rolled - 0,25 mm < a ≤ 3 mm
EN 2302:2023

This document specifies the requirements relating to:
Heat-resisting nickel base alloy NiCr20Co3Fe3
Rm ≥ 650 MPa
Sheets and strips, cold rolled
0,25 mm < a ≤ 3 mm
for aerospace applications.

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SIST
SIST EN ISO 14172:2023(Main)
Welding consumables - Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys - Classification (ISO 14172:2023)
EN ISO 14172:2023

This document prescribes requirements for the classification of nickel and nickel-alloy covered
electrodes for manual metal arc welding and overlaying. The classification of the covered electrodes is
based on the chemical composition of their deposited all-weld metal. It includes those compositions in
which the nickel content exceeds that of any other element.

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SIST
SIST EN ISO 18274:2023(Main)
Welding consumables - Solid wire electrodes, solid strip electrodes, solid wires and solid rods for fusion welding of nickel and nickel alloys - Classification (ISO 18274:2023)
EN ISO 18274:2023

This document specifies requirements for classification of solid wire electrodes, solid strip electrodes, solid wires and solid rods for fusion welding of nickel and nickel alloys. The classification of the solid wire electrodes, solid strip electrodes, solid wires and solid rods is based on their chemical composition. It includes those compositions in which the nickel content exceeds that of any other element.
The principles of this document can be applied to metal powders for cladding, hard facing and additive manufacturing.

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ASTM
ASTM B39-79(2023)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Nickel

ABSTRACT
This specification covers refined nickel primarily produced from ore or matte or similar raw material. Chemical analysis shall be performed on the metal and shall conform to the chemical composition requirements in nickel, cobalt, copper, carbon, iron, sulfur, phosphorus, manganese, silicon, arsenic, lead, antimony, bismuth, tin, and zinc. The principal commercial forms are cathodes, briquettes, and pellets. Cathodes shall be sampled using template drilling procedure.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers refined nickel primarily produced from ore or matte or similar raw material. The principal commercial forms are cathodes, briquettes, and pellets.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B1024/B1024M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Isotropic Pure Molybdenum

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers monolithic forms of unalloyed molybdenum.  
1.2 Grade 1 (UNS R03610)—Unalloyed monolithic forms molybdenum.  
1.3 Grade 2 (UNS R03610)—Unalloyed monolithic forms molybdenum.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIST
SIST EN ISO 12153:2023(Main)
Welding consumables - Tubular-cored electrodes for gas-shielded and non-gas-shielded metal arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys - Classification (ISO 12153:2022)
EN ISO 12153:2022

This document specifies requirements for the classification of tubular-cored electrodes for metal arc welding with or without a gas shield of nickel and nickel alloys. It includes those compositions in which the nickel content exceeds that of any other element.

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ASTM
ASTM G28-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion in Wrought, Nickel-Rich, Chromium-Bearing Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The boiling ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid test may be applied to the following alloys in the wrought condition:    
Alloy  
Testing Time, h  
N06007  
120  
N06022  
24  
N06030  
120  
N06059  
24  
N06200  
24  
N06455  
24  
N06600  
24  
N06625  
120  
N06686  
24  
N06985  
120  
N08020  
120  
N08367  
24  
Alloy  
Testing Time, h  
N08800  
120  
N08825A  
120  
N10276  
24(A) While the ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid test does detect susceptibility to inter- granular corrosion in Alloy N08825, the boiling 65 % nitric acid test, Practices A262, Practice C, for detecting susceptibility to intergranular corrosion in stainless steels is more sensitive and should be used if the intended service is nitric acid.  
3.2 This test method may be used to evaluate as-received material and to evaluate the effects of subsequent heat treatments. In the case of nickel-rich, chromium-bearing alloys, the test method may be applied to wrought and weldments of products. The test method is not applicable to cast products.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover two tests as follows:  
1.1.1 Method A, Ferric Sulfate-Sulfuric Acid Test (Sections 3 – 10, inclusive)—This test method describes the procedure for conducting the boiling ferric sulfate—50 % sulfuric acid test which measures the susceptibility of certain nickel-rich, chromium-bearing alloys to intergranular corrosion (see Terminology G193), which may be encountered in certain service environments. The uniform corrosion rate obtained by this test method, which is a function of minor variations in alloy composition, may easily mask the intergranular corrosion components of the overall corrosion rate on alloys N10276, N06022, N06059, and N06455.  
1.1.2 Method B, Mixed Acid-Oxidizing Salt Test (Sections 11 – 18, inclusive)—This test method describes the procedure for conducting a boiling 23 % sulfuric + 1.2 % hydrochloric + 1 % ferric chloride + 1 % cupric chloride test which measures the susceptibility of certain nickel-rich, chromium-bearing alloys to display a step function increase in corrosion rate when there are high levels of grain boundary precipitation.  
1.2 The purpose of these two test methods is to detect susceptibility to intergranular corrosion as influenced by variations in processing or composition, or both. Materials shown to be susceptible may or may not be intergranularly corroded in other environments. This must be established independently by specific tests or by service experience.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—Some desired corrosion rate units in 8.1.1 are given in inch-pound units.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning statements are given in 5.1.1, 5.1.3, 5.1.9, 13.1.1, and 13.1.11.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E3047-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for the chemical analysis of nickel alloys is primarily intended to test material for compliance with compositional specifications such as those under jurisdiction of Committee B02. It may also be used to test compliance with other specifications that are compatible with the test method.  
5.2 It is assumed that all who use this method will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely, and that the work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.  
5.3 It is expected that laboratories using this method will prepare their own work instructions. These work instructions will include detailed operating instructions for the specific laboratory including information such as applicable analytical methods, drift correction (standardization) protocols, verifiers, and performance acceptance criteria.
SCOPE
1.1 This method describes the spark atomic emission spectrometric (Spark-AES) analysis of nickel alloys, such as those specified by Committee B02, having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Application Range (Mass Fraction, %)  
Aluminum  
0.005-6.00  
Boron  
0.001-0.10  
Carbon  
0.005-0.15  
Chromium  
0.01-33.00  
Copper  
0.01-35.00  
Cobalt  
0.01-25.00  
Iron  
0.05-55.00  
Magnesium  
0.001-0.020  
Manganese  
0.01-1.00  
Molybdenum  
0.01-35.00  
Niobium  
0.01-6.0  
Nickel  
25.00-100.0  
Phosphorous  
0.001-0.025  
Silicon  
0.01-1.50  
Sulfur  
0.0001-0.01  
Titanium  
0.0001-6.0  
Tantalum  
0.01-0.15  
Tin  
0.001-0.020  
Tungsten  
0.01-5.0  
Vanadium  
0.0005-1.0  
Zirconium  
0.01-0.10  
1.2 The following elements may be determined using this method.    
Element  
Quantification Range (Mass Fraction, %)  
Aluminum  
0.010-1.50  
Boron  
0.004-0.025  
Carbon  
0.014-0.15  
Chromium  
0.09-20.0  
Cobalt  
0.05-14.00  
Copper  
0.03-0.6  
Iron  
0.17-20  
Magnesium  
0.001-0.03  
Manganese  
0.04-0.6  
Molybdenum  
0.07-5.0  
Niobium  
0.02-5.5  
Phosphorous  
0.005-0.020  
Silicon  
0.07-0.6  
Sulfur  
0.002-0.005  
Tantalum  
0.025-0.15  
Tin  
0.001-0.02  
Titanium  
0.025-3.2  
Tungsten  
0.02-0.10  
Vanadium  
0.005-0.25  
Zirconium  
0.01-0.05  
1.3 This method has been interlaboratory tested for the elements and quantification ranges specified in 1.2. The ranges in 1.2 indicate intervals within which results have been demonstrated to be quantitative. It may be possible to extend this method to other elements or different composition ranges provided that a method validation study as described in Guide E2857 is performed and that the results of this study show that the method extension is meeting laboratory data quality objectives. Supplemental data on other elements not included in the scope are found in the supplemental data tables of the Precision and Bias section.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety hazard statements are given in Section 9.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1473-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Cobalt, and High-Temperature Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe the chemical analysis of nickel, cobalt, and high-temperature alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum  
0.005  
to  
7.00  
Beryllium  
0.001  
to  
0.05  
Boron  
0.001  
to  
1.00  
Calcium  
0.002  
to  
0.05  
Carbon  
0.001  
to  
1.10  
Chromium  
0.10  
to  
33.00  
Cobalt  
0.10  
to  
75.00  
Copper  
0.01  
to  
35.00  
Iron  
0.01  
to  
50.00  
Lead  
0.001  
to  
0.01  
Magnesium  
0.001  
to  
0.05  
Manganese  
0.01  
to  
3.0  
Molybdenum  
0.01  
to  
30.0  
Niobium (Columbium)  
0.01  
to  
6.0  
Nickel  
0.10  
to  
98.0  
Nitrogen  
0.001  
to  
0.20  
Phosphorus  
0.002  
to  
0.08  
Sulfur  
0.002  
to  
0.10  
Silicon  
0.01  
to  
5.00  
Tantalum  
0.005  
to  
1.00  
Tin  
0.002  
to  
0.10  
Titanium  
0.01  
to  
5.00  
Tungsten  
0.01  
to  
18.00  
Vanadium  
0.01  
to  
3.25  
Zinc  
0.001  
to  
0.01  
Zirconium  
0.01  
to  
2.50  
1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated as follows:    
Aluminum, Total by the 8-Quinolinol Gravimetric Method
(0.20 % to 7.00 %)  
53 to 60  
Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method
(0.018 % to 1.00 %)  
91 to 100  
Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method
(0.10 % to 33.00 %)  
101 to 109  
Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange-Potentiometric Titration Method
(2 % to 75 %)  
25 to 32  
Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method
(0.10 % to 5.0 %)  
33 to 42  
Copper by Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method
(0.010 % to 10.00 %)  
43 to 52  
Iron by the Silver Reduction Titrimetric Method
(1.0 % to 50.0 %)  
118 to 125  
Manganese by the Metaperiodate Spectrophotometric Method
(0.05 % to 2.00 %)  
8 to 17  
Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange—8-Hydroxyquinoline
Gravimetric Method (1.5 % to 30 %)  
110 to 117  
Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method
(0.01 % to 1.50 %)  
79 to 90  
Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method
(0.1 % to 84.0 %)  
61 to 68  
Niobium by the Ion Exchange—Cupferron Gravimetric Method
(0.5 % to 6.0 %)  
126 to 133  
Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to 5.00 %)  
18 to 24  
Tantalum by the Ion Exchange—Pyrogallol Spectrophotometric
Method (0.03 % to 1.0 %)  
134 to 142  
Tin by the Solvent Extraction-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %)  
69 to 78  
1.3 Other test methods applicable to the analysis of nickel alloys that may be used in lieu of or in addition to this method are E1019, E1834, E1835, E1917, E1938, E2465, E2594, E2823.  
1.4 Some of the composition ranges given in ...

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ASTM
ASTM B924-02(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Nickel Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins

ABSTRACT
This specification covers seamless and welded nickel alloy tubing with either or both external and internal surfaces have been modified by cold forming. The cold forming process produces an enhanced surface for improved heat transfer in the tubing that makes these ideal for use in surface condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers and other similar heat transfer apparatus. The material properties and manufacturing conditions of the seamless and welded materials should conform accordingly.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 describes seamless and welded nickel alloy tubing on which the external or internal surface, or both, has been modified by a cold forming process to produce an integral enhanced surface, for improved heat transfer. The tubes are used in surface condensers, evaporators, heat exchangers and similar heat transfer apparatus in unfinned end diameters up to and including 1 in. (25.4 mm).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains to the test method portion only: Section 10 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1835-14(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used for the analysis of nickel alloy samples by FAAS to check compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use the procedure will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that the work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Appropriate quality control practices must be followed such as those described in Guide E882.  
5.2 Interlaboratory Studies (ILS)5, 6—International interlaboratory studies were conducted by ISO/TC 155/SC4, Analysis of nickel alloys. Results were evaluated in accordance with ISO 5725:1986 and restated to conform to Practice E1601. The method was published as ISO 7530, Parts 1 through 9. The published ISO statistics are summarized separately for each analyte to correspond with Practice E1601.  
5.3 In this test method, some matrix modifiers are specified. However, other additives have come into common use since the original publication of this test method. These may be equally or more effective but have not been tested. It is the responsibility of the user to validate the use of such additives or the use of different dilutions, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers analysis of nickel alloys by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) for the following elements:    
Element  
Compostiton Range, %  
Aluminum  
0.2 to 4.0  
Chromium  
0.01 to 4.0  
Cobalt  
0.01 to 4.0  
Copper  
0.01 to 4.0  
Iron  
0.1 to 4.0  
Manganese  
0.1 to 4.0  
Silicon  
0.2 to 1.0  
Vanadium  
0.05 to 1.0  
1.2 The composition ranges of these elements can be expanded by the use of appropriate standards.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards associated with the use of this test method, see Practices E50 and the warning statements included in this test method.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1977-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Nickel and Vanadium in FCC Equilibrium Catalysts by Hydrofluoric/Sulfuric Acid Decomposition and Atomic Spectroscopic Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is a procedure by which catalyst samples may be compared on an inter- or intra-laboratory basis. Catalyst producers and user should find this test method to be of value.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nickel and vanadium in equilibrium catalysts where the vanadium and nickel concentrations are greater than 50 and 25 mg/kg, respectively.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIST
SIST EN ISO 3506-6:2022(Main)
Fasteners - Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners - Part 6: General rules for the selection of stainless steels and nickel alloys for fasteners (ISO 3506-6:2020)
EN ISO 3506-6:2022

This document specifies general rules and provides technical information on stainless steels and their properties, which are relevant when using other parts of the ISO 3506 series. It includes specifications for corrosion-resistant stainless steels and nickel alloys, which are suitable for the manufacture of fasteners.
It applies to austenitic, martensitic, ferritic and duplex (austenitic-ferritic) stainless steel grades and nickel alloys for fasteners, and is intended to be used together with the relevant parts of the ISO 3506 series.
Common designations of stainless steels and nickel alloys used for fasteners are given in Annex A.

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ASTM
ASTM F2516-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Tension Testing of Nickel-Titanium Superelastic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tension tests provide information on the strength and the elastic and plastic properties of materials under uniaxial tensile stresses.  
5.2 Tension tests, as described in this test method, also provide information on the superelasticity, as defined in Terminology F2005, of the material at the test temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the tension testing of superelastic nickel-titanium (nitinol) materials, specifically the methods for determination of upper plateau strength, lower plateau strength, residual elongation, tensile strength, and elongation.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F15-04(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Sealing Alloy

ABSTRACT
This specification covers an iron-nickel-cobalt alloy for use in sealing to glass in electronic applications. The alloy shall conform to the chemical composition specified and shall be manufactured in the form of wire, rod, bar, strip, sheet, and tube, with each form available in the specified temper condition. For example, tubes shall be bright annealed and supplied in the annealed temper condition. Strip and sheet shall be of temper A, B, C, D, or E or in deep-drawing temper condition, while wire and rod shall be bright annealed and supplied in temper A condition unless specified otherwise. The material shall be smooth, uniform in cross section, composition, and temper, and free of scale, corrosion, cracks, seams, scratches, slivers, and other defects. Tests for hardness, tensile strength, thermal expansion, and transformation shall be performed and shall conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers an iron-nickel-cobalt alloy, UNS K94610 containing nominally 29 % nickel, 17 % cobalt, and 53 % iron, in the forms of wire, rod, bar, strip, sheet, and tubing, intended primarily for sealing to glass in electronic applications.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following hazard caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Sections 13 and 14 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B725-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Welded Nickel and Nickel Copper Alloy Pipe

ABSTRACT
This specification covers UNS N02200 nickel alloy and UNS N02201 and N04400 low carbon nickel alloy welded pipes intended for general corrosive service and for mechanical applications. Each pipe should either be welded and annealed or welded and stress relieved and made from the flat-rolled alloys by an automatic welding process without any filler metal additions. The pipes should also be cold worked after welding to ensure the development of optimum corrosion resistance in the weld area and base metal during the final heat treatment.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nickel (UNS N02200), low carbon nickel (UNS N02201) and nickel copper alloy (UNS N04400) in the form of welded and annealed or welded and stress relieved pipe intended for general corrosive service and for mechanical applications.  
1.2 This specification covers outside diameter and nominal wall pipe in Schedules 5S, 10S, and 40S through 30-in. nominal pipe size shown in ANSI B36.19 (see Table 1) and Specification B775 (see Table 1). Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 13, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8451-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Calculation of Unfixed Chrome Concentration in Wet Blue

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the amount of unfixed chrome in Wet Blue. Results may vary according to the age of the Wet Blue.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedures to analyze and calculate unfixed chrome concentrations in Wet Blue.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ISO
ISO 11400:2021(Main)
Nickel, ferronickels and nickel alloys - Determination of phosphorus content - Phosphovanadomolybdate spectrophotometric method

This document specifies a spectrophotometric method for the determination of the phosphorus content in nickel, ferronickels and nickel alloys between 0,000 5 % (by mass) and 0,05 % (by mass). Arsenic, chromium, hafnium, niobium, silicon, tantalum, titanium and tungsten interfere, but the interferences can be avoided by complexation or volatilization (for chromium). The lowest phosphorus content [0,000 5 % (by mass)] can only be reached in samples with low contents of these interfering elements.

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ASTM
ASTM F31-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloys

ABSTRACT
This specification covers iron-nickel-chromium alloy (UNS K94760) used primarily for glass-sealing applications in electronic devices. The chemical composition of the material shall conform to the requirements prescribed. Chemical analysis shall be made, when desired, in accordance with the prescribed requirements. The average linear coefficient of thermal expansion shall be within limits of the requirements specified. The material shall be commercially smooth, uniform in cross section, in composition, and in temper; it shall be free of scale, corrosion, cracks, seams, scratches, slivers, and other defects.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two iron-nickel-chromium alloys (UNS K94760 and UNS K95150) used primarily for glass-sealing applications in electronic devices.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ISO
ISO/TR 4644:2021(Main)
Nickels, ferronickels and nickel alloys - Standards for the determination of chemical composition

This document lists the International Standards which are currently available for the determination of the chemical composition of nickels, ferronickels and nickel alloys (see Clause 4). It provides details on the range of application and gives the principle of the method described in each International Standard (see Clause 5). Annex A shows graphical representations of the content ranges of the methods listed in this document: Figure A.1 represents the fields of application of the methods available for the three kinds of matrixes; Figure A.2 gives the content ranges of the methods for nickels; Figure A.3 gives the content ranges of the methods for ferronickels; Figure A.4 gives the content ranges of the methods for nickel alloys. Annex B provides a bilingual key of the abbreviated terms used in the figures given in Annex A.

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ASTM
ASTM B726-02(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333) Welded Tube

ABSTRACT
This specification covers UNS N06333 alloy welded tubes intended for heat-resisting applications and general corrosive service. Each tube should be made from the flat-rolled alloy by an automatic welding process without any filler metal additions and subsequently furnished annealed with the oxide removed. Descaling is not necessary when the final heat treatment is performed in a protective atmosphere. A flattening test and a flange test will be performed on each end of one tube per lot.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers alloy UNS N06333 in the form of welded tube intended for heat-resisting applications and general corrosive service.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ISO
ISO 23156:2021(Main)
Ferronickels — Determination of phosphorus, manganese, chromium, copper and cobalt contents — Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometric method

This document specifies a method for the determination of phosphorus, manganese, chromium, copper and cobalt contents in ferronickels, by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) optical emission spectrometry, within the ranges specified in Table 1. This method is applicable to all grades of ferronickels specified in ISO 6501.

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ASTM
ASTM F2005-21(Terminology)
Standard Terminology for Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions of terms used in ASTM documents relating to nickel-titanium shape memory alloys used for medical devices. This terminology includes only those terms for which ASTM either has standards or which are used in ASTM standards for nickel-titanium shape memory alloys. It is not intended to be an all-inclusive list of terms related to shape memory alloys.  
1.2 Definitions that are similar to those published by another standards body are identified with abbreviations of the name of that organization; for example, ICTAC is the International Confederation for Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F1684-06(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Iron-Nickel and Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Alloys for Low Thermal Expansion Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements and corresponding test methods for two iron-nickel alloys and one iron-nickel-cobalt alloy, for low thermal expansion applications. The two iron-nickel alloys, which both contain nominally 36 % nickel and 64 % iron, are the conventional alloy designated as UNS No. K93603 and the free-machining alloy designated as UNS No. K93050. On the other hand, the iron-nickel-cobalt alloy contains nominally 32 % nickel, 5 % cobalt and 63 % iron, and is designated as UNS No. K93500. UNS No. K93603 and UNS No. K93500 shall be in the forms of wire, rod, bar, strip, sheet plate, and tubing, while UNS No. K93050 shall be for bar products only. When test, the alloys shall comply to specified requirements for chemical composition, surface finish, temper, grain size, hardness, tensile strength, thermal expansion, transformation, and dimensions.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two iron-nickel alloys and one iron-nickel-cobalt alloy, for low thermal expansion applications. The two iron-nickel alloys, both containing nominally 36 % nickel and 64 % iron, with the conventional alloy designated by UNS No. K93603, and the free-machining alloy designated as UNS No. K93050. The iron-nickel-cobalt alloy, containing nominally 32 % nickel, 5 % cobalt and 63 % iron, is designated by UNS No. K93500. This specification defines the following product forms for UNS No. K93603 and UNS No. K93500: wire, rod, bar, strip, sheet plate, and tubing. The free-machining alloy, UNS No. K93050, is defined for bar products only. Unless otherwise indicated, all articles apply to all three alloys.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This pertains only to the test method section, Section 13. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A753-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Wrought Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys (UNS K94490, K94840, N14076, N14080)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers commonly used wrought nickel-iron soft magnetic alloys produced or supplied expressly for use in magnetic cores and other parts requiring high magnetic permeability, high electrical resistivity, low coercive field strength, and low core loss. This specification does not cover material produced by casting or by powder metallurgy techniques. These materials are capable of being produced in a wide variety of forms and conditions such as forging billet, hot-rolled plate, strip, and bar, cold-finished bars, cold-rolled sheep and strip, shaped bar and wire. Four specific alloy types containing nominally 45, 48, 76 and 80 nickel with various other elements are covered by this specification. The alloy chemistry requirements are listed. Magnetic property requirements for the different alloys, product forms and sizes are specified. Typical physical property data and useful heat treatment information are provided in appendices.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers commonly used wrought nickel-iron soft magnetic alloys produced or supplied expressly for use in magnetic cores and other parts requiring high magnetic permeability, high electrical resistivity, low coercive field strength, and low core loss.  
1.2 This specification covers materials supplied by a producer or converter to the form and physical condition desired for fabrication into parts that will later be given a final heat treatment to achieve the desired magnetic characteristics. It covers materials supplied in the form of forging billet; hot-rolled plate, strip, and bar; cold-finished bar; cold-rolled and annealed sheet and strip; shaped bar and wire; and wire.  
1.2.1 This specification does not cover either powder metallurgically produced or cast parts.  
1.2.2 This specification lists requirements for strip products having isotropic or semi-isotropic magnetic properties but does not include requirements for anisotropic or square hysteresis loop alloys or alloys processed to yield flattened hysteresis loops by use of heat treatments in an applied magnetic field.  
1.2.3 This specification does not cover alloys modified by the addition of elements such as sulfur and selenium to enhance machinability.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3.1 There are selected values presented in two units, both of which are in acceptable SI units. These are differentiated by the word “, or,” as in “g/cm3, or, (kg/m3).” In addition, values for mean linear coefficient of expansion in Table X1.1 are shown solely in μm/m/°C in keeping with prior versions of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ISO
ISO 11433:2020(Main)
Nickel alloys - Determination of titanium content - Diantipyrylmethane molecular absorption method

This document specifies a molecular absorption spectrophotometric method for the determination of titanium content in nickel alloys. The method is applicable to titanium contents between 0,3 % (mass fraction) and 5,0 % (mass fraction). Molybdenum, if present in the alloy, can cause a high bias in the reported titanium value to the extent of 0,001 % Ti for every 1,0 % Mo. NOTE 1 Evidence exists that extension of this method is possible for titanium contents down to 0,05 % (mass fraction). NOTE 2 Modifications in the general method allow the determination of titanium in alloys containing tungsten and/or tantalum.

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ASTM
ASTM B729-20(Specification)
Standard Specification for Seamless Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Nickel Alloy Pipe and Tube

ABSTRACT
This specification covers UNS N08020, UNS N08026 and UNS N08024 nickel-alloy seamless, cold-worked or hot-finished pipe and tube intended for general corrosive service. The product of UNS N08020 alloy, UNS N08026 alloy, and UNS N08024 alloy shall be furnished in the stabilized-annealed condition, solution-annealed condition, and annealed condition, respectively. The tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation requirements are specified. Hydrostatic and nondestructive electric tests shall be conducted on the each pipe or tube.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers UNS N08020, UNS N08026, and UNS N08024 seamless, cold-worked or hot finished pipe and tube intended for general corrosive service.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B710-20ae1(Specification)
Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Alloy Welded Pipe

ABSTRACT
This specification covers UNS N08330 and N08332 high-temperature alloy welded pipes for heat-resisting applications and general corrosive service. The pipes should be made from the flat-rolled alloys by an automatic welding process without any filler metal additions. After welding, the materials should be cold worked, either in weld and base metal or in weld metal only, then annealed. Each end of one pipe per lot will be subjected to a flattening test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers alloys UNS N08330 and UNS N08332 in the form of welded pipe intended for heat-resisting applications and general-corrosive service.  
1.2 The pipe covered is nominal pipe sizes up to and including size 12, with the nominal wall thicknesses given as Schedules 5S, 10S, 40S, and 80S. Table 2 of Specification B775 is based on Table A1 of ANSI B36.19 and gives the nominal dimension of these sizes. Table 3 of Specification B775 lists the dimensional requirements of these sizes. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B1015-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Form and Style of Standards Relating to Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the form and style for specifications under the jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee B02.07 Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys. Anyone preparing new or revising existing specifications for this subcommittee shall follow the practices and procedures outlined herein.  
1.2 This practice is a supplement to the current edition of Form and Style for ASTM Standards (Form Manual)2. If there is a conflict between the documents, then this should be brought to the attention of B02.07. Until the conflict is resolved, the more stringent requirement of the two documents takes precedent.  
1.3 The word “specifications” will be used throughout this document to describe B02.07 standards because the majority of B02.07 standards are categorized as such. Nevertheless, the instruction herein applies to any standards under the jurisdiction of B02.07.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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CEN
EN ISO 7526:2020(Main)
Ferronickels - Determination of sulfur content - Infrared absorption method after induction furnace combustion (ISO 7526:2020)
SIST EN ISO 7526:2020

This document specifies an infrared absorption method after combustion in an induction furnace for the determination of the sulfur content in ferronickels in the range of 0,002 % to 0,12 %.
The method is applicable to normal production operations. It uses commercially available equipment, which is calibrated using steel and/or ferronickel certified reference materials (CRMs).

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SIST
SIST EN ISO 7526:2020(Main)
Ferronickels - Determination of sulfur content - Infrared absorption method after induction furnace combustion (ISO 7526:2020)
EN ISO 7526:2020

This document specifies an infrared absorption method after combustion in an induction furnace for the determination of the sulfur content in ferronickels in the range of 0,002 % to 0,12 %.
The method is applicable to normal production operations. It uses commercially available equipment, which is calibrated using steel and/or ferronickel certified reference materials (CRMs).

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ASTM
ASTM B719-20(Specification)
Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy Bar

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for hot-finished and cold-finished UNS N06333 alloy bars and flats proposed for use in heat resisting applications and general corrosive service. Materials shall conform to mechanical properties of the material such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness. Each specimen will be subjected to a chemical analysis, tension, Brinell hardness, and Rockwell hardness test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers wrought alloy UNS N06333 in the form of hot-finished and cold-finished bars and flats intended for heat resisting applications and general corrosive service.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ISO
ISO 7524:2020(Main)
Ferronickels - Determination of carbon content - Infrared absorption method after induction furnace combustion

This document specifies an infrared absorption method after combustion in an induction furnace for the determination of the carbon content in ferronickels in the range of 0,004 % to 2,5 %. The method is applicable to normal production operations. It uses commercially available equipment, which is calibrated using steel and/or ferronickel certified reference materials (CRMs).

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ISO
ISO 7526:2020(Main)
Ferronickels - Determination of sulfur content - Infrared absorption method after induction furnace combustion

This document specifies an infrared absorption method after combustion in an induction furnace for the determination of the sulfur content in ferronickels in the range of 0,002 % to 0,12 %. The method is applicable to normal production operations. It uses commercially available equipment, which is calibrated using steel and/or ferronickel certified reference materials (CRMs).

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ASTM
ASTM A481-05(2020)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Chromium Metal

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard requirements for several grades of chromium metal. Materials shall undergo chemical analysis procedures and shall adhere to specified chemical composition requirements. The metals shall also adhere to standard sizes, tolerances, and friability ratings according their grades.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers several grades of chromium metal.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIST
SIST EN ISO 15614-1:2017/A1:2020(Amendment)
Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure test - Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys - Amendment 1 (ISO 15614-1:2017/Amd 1:2019)
EN ISO 15614-1:2017/A1:2019
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ASTM
ASTM E2594-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for the chemical analysis of nickel alloys is primarily intended to test material for compliance with specifications such as those under jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02. It may also be used to test compliance with other specifications that are compatible with the test method.  
5.2 It is assumed that all who use this test method will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely, and that the work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.  
5.3 This is a performance-based test method that relies more on the demonstrated quality of the test result than on strict adherence to specific procedural steps. It is expected that laboratories using this test method will prepare their own work instructions. These work instructions will include detailed operating instructions for the specific laboratory, the specific reference materials employed, and performance acceptance criteria. It is also expected that, when applicable, each laboratory will participate in proficiency test programs, such as described in Practice E2027, and that the results from the participating laboratory will be satisfactory.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric analysis of nickel alloys, such as specified by Committee B02, and having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Application Range (%)  
Aluminum  
0.01–1.00  
Boron  
0.001–0.050  
Calcium  
0.001–0.05  
Carbon  
0.10–0.20  
Chromium  
0.01–33.0  
Cobalt  
0.10–20.0  
Copper  
0.01–3.00  
Iron  
0.01–50.0  
Lead  
0.001–0.01  
Magnesium  
0.0001–0.100  
Manganese  
0.01–3.0  
Molybdenum  
0.01–30.0  
Niobium  
0.01–6.0  
Nickel  
25.0–80.0  
Nitrogen  
0.001–0.20  
Oxygen  
0.0001–0.003  
Phosphorous  
0.001–0.030  
Sulfur  
0.0001–0.010  
Silicon  
0.01–1.50  
Tantalum  
0.005–0.10  
Tin  
0.001–0.020  
Titanium  
0.001–6.0  
Tungsten  
0.01–5.0  
Vanadium  
0.01–1.0  
Zirconium  
0.01–0.10  
1.2 The following elements may be determined using this test method. The test method user should carefully evaluate the precision and bias statements of this test method to determine applicability of the test method for the intended use.    
Element  
Quantification Range (%)  
Aluminum  
0.060–1.40  
Boron  
0.002–0.020  
Calcium  
0.001–0.003  
Copper  
0.010–0.52  
Magnesium  
0.001–0.10  
Manganese  
0.002–0.65  
Niobium  
0.020–5.5  
Phosphorous  
0.004–0.030  
Tantalum  
0.010–0.050  
Tin  
0.002–0.018  
Titanium  
0.020–3.1  
Tungsten  
0.007–0.11  
Vanadium  
0.010–0.50  
Zirconium  
0.002–0.10  
1.3 This test method has only been interlaboratory tested for the elements and ranges specified. It may be possible to extend this test method to other elements or different quantification ranges provided that method validation is performed that includes evaluation of method sensitivity, precision, and bias as described in this document. Additionally, the validation study must evaluate the acceptability of sample preparation methodology using reference materials or spike recoveries, or both. The user is cautioned to carefully evaluate the validation data against the laboratory’s data quality objectives. Method validation of scope extensions is also a requirement of ISO/IEC 17025.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 8.2.6.3 and safety hazard statements are given i...

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SIST
SIST EN 2400:2020(Main)
Aerospace series - Heat resisting nickel base alloy Ni-P96-HT - Cold drawn and precipitation treated - Wires D ≤ 10 mm
EN 2400:2019

This document specifies the requirements relating to:
Heat resisting nickel base alloy Ni-P96-HT
Cold drawn and precipitation treated
Wire
D ≤ 10 mm
for aerospace applications.

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ASTM
ASTM E353-19e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of stainless, heat-resisting, maraging, and other similar chromium-nickel-iron alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum  
0.002  
to 5.50  
Boron  
0.001  
to 0.20  
Carbon  
0.01  
to 1.50  
Chromium  
0.01  
to 35.00  
Cobalt  
0.01  
to 15.00  
Niobium  
0.01  
to 4.00  
Copper  
0.01  
to 5.00  
Lead  
0.001  
to 0.50  
Manganese  
0.01  
to 20.00  
Molybdenum  
0.01  
to 7.00  
Nickel  
0.01  
to 48.00  
Nitrogen  
0.001  
to 0.50  
Phosphorus  
0.002  
to 0.35  
Selenium  
0.01  
to 0.50  
Silicon  
0.01  
to 4.00  
Sulfur  
0.002  
to 0.50  
Tantalum  
0.01  
to 0.80  
Tin  
0.001  
to 0.05  
Titanium  
0.01  
to 4.50  
Tungsten  
0.01  
to 4.50  
Vanadium  
0.005  
to 1.00  
Zirconium  
0.001  
to 0.20  
1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated below:    
Sections  
Aluminum, Total, by the 8-Quinolinol Gravimetric Method (0.20 % to 7.00 %)  
119–126  
Aluminum, Total, by the 8-Quinolinol Spectrophotometric Method (0.003 % to 0.20 %)  
71–81  
Carbon, Total, by the Combustion–Thermal Conductivity Method–Discontinued 1986  
153–163  
Carbon, Total, by the Combustion Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to 1.50 %)–Discontinued 2013  
98–108  
Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.006 % to 1.00 %)  
202–211  
Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation–Titration Method (0.10 % to 35.00 %)  
212–220  
Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate-Oxidation Titrimetric Method-Discontinued 1980  
145–152  
Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange–Potentiometric Titration Method (2 % to 15 %)  
53–60  
Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 5.0 %)  
61–70  
Copper by the Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 5.00) %)  
109–118  
Copper by the Sulfide Precipitation-Electrodeposition Gravimetric Method (0.01 % to 5.00 %)  
82–89  
Lead by the Ion-Exchange-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.001 % to 0.50 %)  
127–136  
Manganese by the Periodate Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 5.00 %)  
9–18  
Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange–8-Hydroxyquinoline Gravimetric Method  
242–249  
Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 1.50 %)  
190–201  
Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 48.0 %)  
172–179  
Phosphorus by the Alkalimetric Method (0.02 % to 0.35 %)  
164–171  
Phosphorus by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method (0.002 % to 0.35 %)  
19–30  
Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to 4.00 %)  
46–52  
Sulfur by the Gravimetric Method-Discontinued 1988  
30–36  
Sulfur by the Combustion-Iodate Titration Method (0.005 % to 0.5 %)-Discontinued 2014  
37–45  
Sulfur by the Chromatographic Gravimetric Method-Discontinued 1980  
137–144  
Tin by the Solvent Extraction–Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %)  
180–189  
Tin by the Sulfide ...

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ASTM
ASTM B880-14(2019)(Specification)
Standard Specification for General Requirements for Chemical Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and Cobalt Alloys

ABSTRACT
This specification details the limits of variation for determining the chemical check analysis limits of cast or wrought nickel, nickel alloy and cobalt alloy parts and/or supplied material.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers limits of variation for determining acceptability of the chemical composition of cast or wrought nickel, nickel alloy, and cobalt alloy parts and/or material supplied by a producer. Check analysis limits for elements or for ranges of elements not currently listed herein shall be as specified in the applicable material specification or as agreed upon by purchaser and supplier.  
1.2 In case of any conflicting requirements, the requirements of the purchase order, the individual material specification, and this general specification shall prevail in the sequence named.  
1.3 When specifically referenced in the material specification, the buyer may elect to apply check analysis limits to determine acceptability at his final acceptance or verification procedures. Check analysis limits are not permitted or are to be used by the producer for their own ladle or ingot analysis acceptance testing.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B78-90(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method of Accelerated Life of Iron-Chromium-Aluminum Alloys for Electrical Heating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This test method is used by producers of electrical heating alloys to measure the cyclic oxidation resistance of these alloys.  
2.2 Because of the effect of environment, design, and use, the life values obtained from this test method may not correlate with that of an appliance or industrial heating unit.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to oxidation of iron-chromium-aluminum electrical heating alloys at elevated temperatures under intermittent heating using a constant-temperature cycle test. This test is used for internal comparative purposes only.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ISO
ISO 23166:2018(Main)
Nickel alloys - Determination of tantalum - Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometric method

This document specifies an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometric method for the determination of tantalum contents between 0,1 % and 5 % in nickel alloys.

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ASTM
ASTM E1834-18(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is primarily intended to test material for compliance with specifications such as those under the jurisdiction of ASTM Technical Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. It may also be used to test compliance with other specifications that are compatible with the test method.  
5.2 It is assumed that users of this test method shall be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely, and that the work shall be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.  
5.3 This is a performance-based method that relies more on the demonstrated quality of the test result than on strict adherence to specific procedural steps. It is expected that laboratories using this test method shall prepare their own work instructions. These work instructions shall include detailed operating instructions for the specific laboratory, the specific reference materials employed, and the performance acceptance criteria. It is also expected that, when applicable, each laboratory shall participate in proficiency test programs, such as described in Practice E2027, and that the results from the participating laboratory shall be satisfactory.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric analysis of nickel, such as specified by ASTM Committee B02, and having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Application Range
(Mass Fraction %)  
Aluminum  
0. 01 - 6.00  
Boron  
0. 01 - 0.10  
Carbon  
0. 01 - 0.15  
Chromium  
0. 01 - 33.00  
Copper  
0.01 - 35.00  
Cobalt  
0. 01 - 20.00  
Iron  
0.05 - 50.00  
Magnesium  
0. 01 - 0.020  
Molybdenum  
0. 01 - 30.0  
Niobium  
0. 01 - 6.0  
Nickel  
25.00 - 100.0  
Phosphorous  
0.001 - 0.025  
Silicon  
0.01 - 1.50    
Sulfur  
0.0001 - 0.01    
Titanium  
0.0001 - 6.0    
Tungsten  
0.01 - 5.0    
Vanadium  
0.0005 - 1.0  
1.2 The following elements may be determined using this test method:    
Element  
Quantification Range (μg/g)  
Bismuth  
0.2 - 3  
Lead  
0.6 - 12  
Selenium  
0.7 - 10  
Tellurium  
0.4 - 6  
1.3 This test method has only been interlaboratory-tested for the elements and ranges specified. It may be possible to extend this test method to other elements or different concentration ranges provided that a test method validation study that includes an instrument performance evaluation as described in Practice E1770 is performed. Additionally, the validation study shall evaluate the acceptability of sample preparation methodology using reference materials or spike recoveries, or both. The user is cautioned to carefully evaluate the validation data as to the intended purpose of the analytical results.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see 8.2.4.2 and 9.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B76-90(2018)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Accelerated Life of Nickel-Chromium and Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys for Electrical Heating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This test method is used by producers of electrical heating alloys to measure the cyclic oxidation resistance of these alloys.  
2.2 Because of the effect of the environment, design, and use, the life values obtained from this test method may not correlate with that of an appliance or industrial heating unit.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method 2 covers the determination of the resistance to oxidation of nickel-chromium and nickel-chromium-iron electrical heating alloys at elevated temperatures under intermittent heating. Procedures for a constant-temperature cycle are provided. This test method is used for internal comparative purposes only.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM B730-08(2018)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Welded Nickel (UNS N02200/UNS N02201) and Nickel Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) Tube

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nickel (UNS N02200), low-carbon nickel (UNS N02201), and nickel copper alloy (UNS N04400) in the form of welded and annealed or welded and stress-relieved tube intended for general corrosive service and for mechanical applications.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1917-13(2018)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Phosphorus in Nickel, Ferronickel, and Nickel Alloys by Phosphovanadomolybdate Spectrophotometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used for the determination of phosphorus in nickel, ferronickel, and nickel alloy samples by molecular absorption spectrometry to check compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use the procedure will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that the work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Appropriate quality control practices must be followed, such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phosphorus in nickel, ferronickel, and nickel alloys in the range 0.0007 % to 0.05 %.  
1.2 Arsenic, chromium, hafnium, niobium, silicon, tantalum, titanium, and tungsten interfere, but the interference can be avoided by complexation or volatilization (for chromium). The lowest phosphorus content (0.0007 %) can be reached only in samples with low contents of interfering elements.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards associated with the use of this test method see Practices E50. Refer to specific warning notes given throughout this test method.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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50