77.120.70 - Cadmium, cobalt and their alloys
ICS 77.120.70 Details
Cadmium, cobalt and their alloys
Cadmium, Cobalt
Cadmium, cobalt et leurs alliages
Kadmij, kobalt in njune zlitine
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 77.120.70 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Cadmium, cobalt and their alloys". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 11 standards classified under ICS 77.120.70 (Cadmium, cobalt and their alloys). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form. The cadmium shall be furnished in commercial standard forms or shapes. The cadmium supplied shall conform to the chemical requirements for one of the three grades, L01951, L01971, L01981. The producer may obtain representative samples from the molten metal during casting, and all or part of these samples may be cast into shapes suitable for chemical analysis. The material shall also conform to the chemical composition in iron, copper, nickel, lead, zinc, thallium, tin, silver, antimony, arsenic, and mercury.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers refined cadmium metal in slab, ball or stick form.
1.2 Toxicity—Warning: Soluble and respirable forms of cadmium may be harmful to human health and the environment in certain forms and concentrations. Therefore, ingestion and inhalation of cadmium should be controlled under the appropriate regulations of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Cadmium-containing alloys and coatings should not be used on articles that will contact food or beverages, or for dental and other equipment that is normally inserted in the mouth. Similarly, if articles using cadmium-containing alloys or coatings are welded, soldered, brazed, ground, “flame-cut,” or otherwise heated during fabrication, adequate ventilation must be provided to maintain occupational cadmium exposure below the OSHA Permissible Exposure Level (PEL).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the form and style for specifications under the jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee B02.07 Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys. Anyone preparing new or revising existing specifications for this subcommittee shall follow the practices and procedures outlined herein.
1.2 This practice is a supplement to the current edition of Form and Style for ASTM Standards (Form Manual)2. If there is a conflict between the documents, then this should be brought to the attention of B02.07. Until the conflict is resolved, the more stringent requirement of the two documents takes precedent.
1.3 The word “specifications” will be used throughout this document to describe B02.07 standards because the majority of B02.07 standards are categorized as such. Nevertheless, the instruction herein applies to any standards under the jurisdiction of B02.07.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
1.1 This European Standard covers the grades of wrought steels and alloys listed in Table 1 and Table 2, which are usually employed for components and equipment, for which the main requirement is their creep resistance under mechanical long-time stressing at temperatures above 500 C.
NOTE Heat resisting grades given in EN 10095 [9] may also be used for similar applications if so agreed.
1.2 This European Standard specifies the technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, for hot or cold rolled sheet/plate and strip, hot or cold formed (cold drawn) bars, rods, wire and sections.
1.3 The general technical delivery conditions specified in EN 10021:2006 apply in addition to the specifications of this European Standard, unless otherwise specified in this European Standard.
1.4 This European Standard does not apply to components manufactured by further processing the product forms listed in 1.2 with quality characteristics altered as a result of such further processing.
1.5 This European Standard shall not be used for aerospace and pressure purposes.
1.6 For steels and alloys with similar chemical composition, but intended for different applications, see the Bibliography.
- Standard46 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Mysids are an important component of both the pelagic and epibenthic community. They are preyed upon by many species of fish, birds, and larger invertebrate species, and they are predators of smaller crustaceans and larval stages of invertebrates. In some cases, they feed upon algae. Mysids are sensitive to both organic and inorganic toxicants (1).3 The ecological importance of mysids, their wide geographical distribution, ability to be cultured in the laboratory, and sensitivity to contaminants make them appropriate acute toxicity test organisms.
5.2 An acute toxicity test is conducted to obtain information concerning the immediate effects of a short-term exposure to a test material on a test organism under specified experimental conditions. An acute toxicity test provides data on the short-term effects that are useful for comparisons to other species but does not provide information on delayed effects.
5.3 Results of acute toxicity tests can be used to predict acute effects likely to occur on aquatic organisms in field conditions except that mysids might avoid exposure when possible.
5.4 Results of acute toxicity tests might be used to compare the acute sensitivities of different species and the acute toxicities of different test materials, and to study the effects of various environmental factors on results of such tests.
5.5 Results of acute toxicity tests might be an important consideration when assessing the hazards of materials to aquatic organisms (see Guide E1023) or when deriving water quality criteria for aquatic organisms (2).
5.6 Results of acute toxicity tests might be useful for studying biological availability of, and structure activity relationships between test materials.
5.7 Results of acute toxicity tests will depend, in part, on the temperature, quality of the food, condition of test organisms, test procedures, and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes procedures for obtaining data concerning the adverse effects of a test material (not food) added to marine and estuarine waters on certain species of marine and estuarine mysids during 96 h of continuous exposure. Juvenile mysids used in these tests are taken from cultures shortly after release from the brood and exposed to varying concentrations of a toxicant in static or flow-through conditions. These procedures will be useful for conducting toxicity tests with other species of mysids, although modifications might be necessary.
1.2 Modifications of these procedures might be justified by special needs or circumstances. Although using appropriate procedures is more important than following prescribed procedures, results of tests conducted using unusual procedures are not likely to be comparable to results of many other tests. Comparisons of results obtained using modified and unmodified versions of these procedures might provide useful information concerning new concepts and procedures for conducting acute tests with other species of mysids.
1.3 The procedures given in this guide are applicable to most chemicals, either individually or in formulations, commercial products, and known or unknown mixtures. With appropriate modifications these procedures can be used to conduct acute tests on factors such as temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen. These procedures can also be used to assess the toxicity of potentially toxic discharges such as municipal wastes, oil drilling fluids, produced water from oil well production, and other types of industrial wastes.
1.4 Results of acute toxicity tests with toxicants experimentally added to salt and estuarine waters should usually be reported in terms of a LC50 (median lethal concentration).
1.5 This guide is arranged as follows:
Section
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Guide
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Facilities
6.1
Construction Materials ...
- Guide23 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
1.1 This European Standard covers the grades of wrought steels and alloys listed in Tables 1 and 2 which are usually employed for components and equipment, for which the main requirement is their creep resistance under mechanical long-time stressing at temperatures above 500 °C.
Also heat resisting grades given in EN 10095 may be used for similar applications if so agreed.
1.2 This European Standard specifies the technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, for hot or cold rolled sheet/plate and strip, hot or cold formed (cold drawn) bars, rods, wire and sections.
1.3 The general technical delivery conditions specified in EN 10021 apply in addition to the specifications of this European Standard, unless otherwise specified in this European Standard.
1.4 This European Standard does not apply to components manufactured by further processing the product forms listed in 1.2 with quality characteristics altered as a result of such further processing.
1.5 This European Standard is not intended for aerospace and pressure purposes.
1.6 For steels and alloys with similar chemical composition, but intended for different applications, see the Bibliography.
- Standard46 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
DIN - Corrected Table 2 in German version
- Corrigendum2 pagesGerman languagee-Library read for1 day