55.180.99 - Other standards related to freight distribution of goods
ICS 55.180.99 Details
Other standards related to freight distribution of goods
Weitere Aspekte des Transports
Autres normes de distribution des marchandises
Drugi standardi v zvezi z distribucijo blaga s prevozom
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 55.180.99 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Other standards related to freight distribution of goods". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 93 standards classified under ICS 55.180.99 (Other standards related to freight distribution of goods). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
e-Library Subscription
Create subscription and get permanent access to documents within 55.180.99 - Other standards related to freight distribution of goods
Currently subscription includes documents marked with .We are working on making all documents available within the subscription.
This document specifies materials, construction and design requirements, type test and marking requirements for flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBCs) intended to contain non-dangerous solid materials in powder, granular or paste form, and designed to be lifted from above by integral or detachable devices.
This document also provides guidance on the selection and safe usage of FIBCs.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies materials, construction and design requirements, type test and marking requirements for flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBCs) intended to contain non-dangerous solid materials in powder, granular or paste form, and designed to be lifted from above by integral or detachable devices.
This document also provides guidance on the selection and safe usage of FIBCs.
- Standard42 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies materials, construction and design requirements, type test and marking requirements for flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBCs) intended to contain non-dangerous solid materials in powder, granular or paste form, and designed to be lifted from above by integral or detachable devices. This document also provides guidance on the selection and safe usage of FIBCs.
- Standard35 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard37 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice establishes the criteria to treat, or mark, or both WPM with permanent identification for the phytosanitary treatment, or intended service cycle, or both, repair, specification used, and other designated characteristics.
4.2 The marking of the WPM shall be performed after ensuring the material complies with the applicable specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the development of recommended treatment, or marking practices, or both, for wood packaging materials (WPM) and aids in identifying WPM as to phytosanitary treatment, intended service cycles, repair, the specific specification used to manufacture or recycle, and other user designated characteristics.
1.2 This practice identifies WPM treated, or marked, or both in accordance with industry, government, or international recognized standards.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Dangerous goods (hazardous materials) regulations require performance tests to be conducted on packaging or IBC designs before being authorized for use. The regulations do not include standardized procedures for conducting performance tests and, because of this, may result in a non-uniform approach and differences in test results between testing facilities.
4.2 The purpose of this standard is to provide guidance and to establish a set of common practices for conducting hydrostatic pressure tests on IBC designs subjected to UN certification testing.
4.3 Intermediate bulk container designs are required to be tested in a sequence. This guide focuses on conducting the hydrostatic pressure test, which is preceded in the test sequence by the leakproofness test. The fittings and adaptors applied to the container for the hydrostatic pressure test may also be used for the leakproofness test.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to provide a standardized method and a set of basic instructions for performing hydrostatic pressure testing on Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) designs as required by the United States Department of Transportation Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN).
1.2 This guide focuses on composite and rigid plastic IBCs and is suitable for testing IBCs of any design or material type.
1.3 This guide provides information to help clarify various terms used as part of the United Nations (UN) certification process that may assist in determining the applicable test.
1.4 This guide provides the suggested minimum information that should be documented when conducting pressure testing.
1.5 This guide provides information for recommended equipment and fittings for conducting pressure tests.
1.6 This guide is based on the current information contained in 49 CFR 178.814.
1.7 When testing packaging designs intended for hazardous materials (dangerous goods), the user of this guide shall be trained in accordance with 49 CFR 172.700 and other applicable hazardous materials regulations such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air, the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code), and carrier rules such as the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations.
1.8 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this guide.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Guide8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Packaged products transported by meansn of the feeder aircraft network are liable to experience altitudes as high as 5 791 m [19 000 ft].4 When exposed to these high altitude conditions, products or packaging systems, or a combination thereof, may be affected negatively by the resultant pressure differential.
4.2 These test methods are suitable for evaluating the effect of high altitude on packaging systems.
4.3 These test methods are suitable for package or product, or both, development and engineering.
4.4 Other test methods, such as Test Methods D3078, D4991 and D5094, test for leakage of packaging systems by vacuum method and are applicable for testing the effects of high altitude.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods determine the effects of pressure differential when packaged products are transported by meansn of certain modes of transport, such as feeder aircraft or ground over high mountain passes. The results of these tests are intended to be used for qualitative purposes.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods will allow the user to determine integrity and stability of the load as well as provide guidance to improve the design of the shipping container or the unit load where deficiencies are found.
4.2 Damage to products or packages observed during testing can be expected to correlate at least in a qualitative way to damage observed in actual distribution handling systems.
4.3 The results received from shock machine testing and free fall drop testing are different for certain products. Where this test is performed to satisfy a regulatory or contractual requirement, its use is subject to approval by the agency concerned.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing the integrity of unitized loads and large shipping cases and crates as well as the ability of the contents to endure rough handling. Not all of the test methods are applicable to all products, containers, and loads. These test methods are applicable to common means of material handling as follows:
1.1.1 Test Method A, B, C, D, and E—Drop Test—For measuring the ability of the case or crate or unitized load to withstand rough handling impacts and provide information useful in improving the design of the container. Normally, Test Methods A and B are not applied to unitized loads.
1.1.2 Test Method F—Tip Test—For determining if filled tall or top heavy cases, crates, or unitized loads will tip over when tilted to a predetermined angle.
1.1.3 Method G—Tipover Test—For determining the ability of filled large shipping cases or crates to resist the impacts associated with tipover hazards, and for determining the ability of the packaging and packing methods to provide protection to the contents, when the case or crate is tipped over.
Note 1: Test Method G fulfills the requirements of ISO 8768. ISO 8768 may not meet the requirements for Test Method G.
1.1.4 Test Method H—Rolling Test—For determining the ability of complete, filled large shipping cases or crates to withstand the effects of rolling.
Note 2: Test Method H fulfills the requirements of ISO 2876. ISO 2876 may not meet the requirements for Test Method H.
1.2 Additional Test Procedures:
1.2.1 Test methods for mechanical handling of unitized loads and large shipping cases and crates are set forth in Test Method D6055. Additional tests that apply to mechanical handling of unitized loads and large cases and crates include incline impact tests, described in Test Method D880 and horizontal impact tests, described in Test Methods D4003 and Test Method D5277. Test Methods D4003 includes a special pallet marshaling test and Test Methods D1185 provides test methods for pallets and related structures.
1.2.2 Practice D4169 provides a series of options for selecting and running performance tests on all types of shipping containers and systems.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Numerous sources provide detailed information as to the loading, blocking, bracing, and unloading of specific types of cargo in unimodal and intermodal transport. Some of these sources are proprietary, others are massive and complex in scope, and none are consistently promulgated to shippers, carriers, and consignees. Many of the losses experienced by cargo in transport are due to the failure to practice proper basic cargo handling and loading techniques. These practices are intended to outline those techniques in simple, clear, generic, and easy to promulgate formats, including posters, slides, videotapes, and pamphlets, and are further intended to serve as the basis upon which a comprehensive cargo handling methodology may be built.
4.2 Users of these practices should avail themselves of the detailed resource information available. The practices as defined are not sufficient to form a complete cargo handling protocol.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices are intended to serve as a guide to shippers, carriers, and consignees for load planning, loading, blocking, and bracing of intermodal and unimodal cargo in surface transport. The practices are referenced to a bibliography of information concerning the above. Hazardous materials, bulk cargo, non-containerized break bulk in ocean carriage, and transport of cargo by air are not included in these practices at this time.
1.2 These practices shall apply to cargo in surface transport on flat bed, open top, box car, truck, van, and intermodal containers.
1.3 The practices are intended to form a framework for the safe and effective loading and unloading of cargo in intermodal and unimodal surface transport. They are not intended to provide comprehensive detail relating to specific types of cargo, but will reference to source materials wherein such detail may be found.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the minimum requirements and test methods for lashing points for cargo securing on commercial vehicles and intermodal loading units for cargo transport.
This document does not apply to:
- Vehicles and intermodal loading units manufactured before publication of this standard;
- Vehicles and intermodal loading units designed and constructed exclusively for the transport of bulk materials;
- Vehicles and intermodal loading units designed and constructed exclusively for the transport of specific cargo with particular securing requirements;
- Vehicles (delivery vans) in conformance to ISO 27956;
- ISO series 1 freight containers.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives guidance on the application of a quality management system in the manufacture, measuring and monitoring of design type approved dangerous goods packaging, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and large packaging.
This document does not include guidance specific to other management systems, such as those for environmental management, occupational health and safety management, or financial management.
It is applicable to an organization that:
a) needs to demonstrate its ability to consistently provide products and services that meet customer and applicable statutory and regulatory requirements; and
b) aims to enhance customer satisfaction through the effective application of the system, including processes for improvement of the system and the assurance of conformity to customer and applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
All the guidance in this document is generic and intended to be applicable to any organization, regardless of its type or size, or the products and services it provides.
NOTE In this document, the terms "product" or "service" only apply to products and services intended for, or required by, a customer.
It does not apply to design type testing, for which reference is made to 6.1.5, 6.3.5, 6.5.6 and 6.6.5 of the UN Model Regulations[27].
- Standard67 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Shipping containers are exposed to complex dynamic stresses when subjected to vibration present in transportation vehicles. Approximating the actual damage, or lack of damage, experienced in shipping may require subjecting the container(s) and contents to vibration inputs.
4.2 Resonant responses during shipment can be severe and may lead to failure of the container and spillage or leakage of contents. Identification of critical frequencies and the nature of package stresses can aid in minimizing the effect of these occurrences.
4.3 This vibration test method is used for the qualification of IBCs in CFR 49 and has demonstrated successful use in transportation.
4.4 Exposure to vibration can affect the shipping container, its means of closure, and its contents. This test method allows analysis of the interaction of these components. Design modification to one or more of these components may be utilized to achieve optimum performance in the shipping environment.
4.5 This test method is suitable for individual filled containers that are transported unrestrained on the bed of a vehicle.
4.6 This test method is not intended for testing intermediate bulk containers at a frequency that causes the container to go into resonance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers vibration testing of filled intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) intended to contain liquid hazardous materials (dangerous goods) and is suitable for testing IBCs of any design or material type. This test method is required as part of the qualification of IBCs in accordance with the United States Department of Transportation Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN).
1.2 This test method is appropriate for testing IBCs ranging from 450 to 3000 L (119 to 793 gal). Packagings of smaller sizes should be tested using Test Method D999 or other applicable methods.
1.3 The ISO 2247 standard may not meet the requirements for this test method.
1.4 This test method is based on the current information contained in 49 CFR, §178.819.
1.5 This test method is used to determine that the IBC maintains integrity and to prevent leakage or spillage of contents during shipping. This test method may also be used as a screening tool or as a design qualification test. Other vibration methods are available to more closely simulate vibration experienced in actual transportation.
1.6 When testing packaging designs intended for hazardous materials (dangerous goods), the user of this test method shall be trained in accordance with 49 CFR §172.700 and other applicable hazardous materials regulations such as the ICAO Technical Instructions, IMDG Code, and carrier rules such as the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 6.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This classification is intended to encourage uniformity in reporting properties of MLS and Metal Layer gaskets, to provide a common language for communications between producers and users, and to guide engineers and designers in the application and construction of commercially available gaskets. (A) This classification may also be used to classify Single Layer Steel (SLS) Gaskets.(B) Refer to Specification A666 or Specification A109/A109M for Stainless Steel and Low Carbon Steel, respectively. Other metals not referenced in the table or not covered by Specification A666 or Specification A109/A109M must be defined by the producer/user (that is, H – High Temperature Alloy).(C) Refer to Practice D1418 for general information regarding rubber coating types and use Classification D2000 to define the physical properties of the rubber. This physical property information is typically specified on the gasket drawing or the customer specification, or both.(D) Coated side as specified on part drawing.
4.2 Suffix Table 2 is provided to allow hardness designation for Active, Inactive, or Load Stoppers.
4.2.1 If suffixes are not to be used, only the basic callout from Table 1 is required. If a suffix is used for 1 layer, it must be specified for all layers, even if a “0” is used. It cannot be assumed that hardnesses of like layers are the same; if used, all layers must be specified separately. The first layer specified must be indicated on the part drawing. To use a hardness call-out, at the end of the base callout leave a space followed by the “HR” suffix with a series of suffix numbers to specify the hardnesses for each layer.
4.2.1.1 Example: ASTM F2325, A32ANBW11 HR252—Example from Table 1 modified to add hardness requirement for the three metal layers. Active layers 1 and 3 are designated to be the same, 1/4 hard steel. Stopper layer 2 is designated to be full hard steel.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers a means for specifying Multi-Layer Steel (MLS) and other Metal Layer Gaskets for Transportation Applications by application and construction. These structures are composed of one or more steel or metal layers of material, which may have coatings or embossments. Commercial materials designated as composite or enveloped gaskets are excluded from this classification and are covered by Classification F868 and Practice F336, respectively.
1.2 Since all of the properties that contribute to gasket performance are not included, use of this classification as a basis for selecting an MLS or Metal Layer gasket is limited.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard3 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the minimum requirements and test methods for lashing points for cargo securing on commercial vehicles and intermodal loading units for cargo transport.
This document does not apply to:
- Vehicles and intermodal loading units manufactured before publication of this standard;
- Vehicles and intermodal loading units designed and constructed exclusively for the transport of bulk materials;
- Vehicles and intermodal loading units designed and constructed exclusively for the transport of specific cargo with particular securing requirements;
- Vehicles (delivery vans) in conformance to ISO 27956;
- ISO series 1 freight containers.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the minimum requirements for securing payload to ensure safe operation of freight wagons, utilizing a train speed of up to 120 km/h. It is serving as a basis for the design and implementation of payload securing methods.
Additional requirements in the case of wagons designed for the transport of special payload and/or with integrated load security (e.g. tank wagons, hopper wagons, car carriers, coil carriers and wagons for intermodal transport) are not part of this document.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are designed for use in most cases with the actual equipment to be used in load handling.
4.2 These test methods may be used in evaluating the shipping unit as to suitability for mechanical handling by standard user-specified load-handling equipment.
4.3 These test methods will allow the user to determine integrity and stability of the load as well as provide guidance to improve the design of the unit load where deficiencies are found.
4.4 Damage to products or packages observed during testing may be expected to correlate at least in a qualitative way to damage observed in actual distribution handling systems.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are suitable for testing the integrity of unitized loads and large cases and crates, but not individual drums or palletized drums, as well as the ability of the contents to endure normal handling, using standard mechanical handling equipment. Not all of the test methods are applicable to all products containers and loads. These test methods are applicable to common means of material handling, including pull pack, clamp truck, and spade lift-type handling equipment as follows:
1.1.1 Test Method A—Fork Truck Handling—For testing the ability of the shipping unit to withstand repeated handlings by this test method.
1.1.2 Test Method B—Spade Lift Test—For lifting by spade lift attachment to determine the ability of the handling flap of the case or shipping unit to withstand repeated lifting and handling by this test method.
1.1.3 Test Method C—Clamp Handling Test—For lifting by hydraulic clamp attachment, to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand squeeze clamp handling consisting of repeated side compression and lifting.
1.1.4 Test Method D—Push-Pull Handling Test—For testing the ability of a unitized load on a slip-sheet to withstand repeated handling by this test method.
1.1.5 Test Method E—Grabhook Test—For lifting by grabhooks to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand the horizontal pressures of grabhooks.
1.1.6 Test Method F—Sling Tests—For lifting by wire rope, cable, or woven fiber slings to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand the compression of slings.
1.2 Additional Test Methods:
1.2.1 Additional test methods that apply to mechanical handling and rough handling tests of unitized loads and large cases and crates include incline impact tests, described in Test Method D880; horizontal impact tests, described in Test Method D4003.
1.2.2 Practice D4169 provides a series of options for selecting and running performance tests on all types of shipping containers and systems.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Standard5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general performance requirements for the Type II Cargo Bed Cover (CBC). The Type II Cargo Bed Cover is a removable general purpose rigid wall enclosure that is mounted on the M105A2 Trailer, Cargo: 1.5 Ton, 2 Wheel. The Type II CBC provides environmental protection and security for mission equipment and items of general transport.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parenthesis are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test required portion, Section 5, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the minimum requirements for securing payload to ensure safe operation of freight wagons, utilizing a train speed of up to 120 km/h. It is serving as a basis for the design and implementation of payload securing methods.
Additional requirements in the case of wagons designed for the transport of special payload and/or with integrated load security (e.g. tank wagons, hopper wagons, car carriers, coil carriers and wagons for intermodal transport) are not part of this document.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SCOPE
1.1 Scope—This specification covers the performance requirements for the Type I Cargo Bed Cover (CBC). The Type I Cargo Bed Cover is a removable general purpose rigid enclosure for the cargo bed of the M1152A1, M1152A1 with B2 Armor Kit, M1037, M1042, M1097, and M1113 High-Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV). The Type I CBC provides environmental protection and security for mission equipment and items of general transport.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test required portion, Section 5, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification9 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
NEW!IEC 61340-4-4:2018 is available as IEC 61340-4-4:2018 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 61340-4-4:2018 specifies requirements for flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC) between 0,25 m3 and 3 m3 in volume, intended for use in hazardous explosive atmospheres. The explosive atmosphere can be created by the contents in the FIBC or can exist outside the FIBC. The requirements include:
– classification and labelling of FIBC;
– classification of inner liners;
– specification of test methods for each type of FIBC, inner liner, labels and document pockets;
– design and performance requirements for FIBC, inner liners, labels and document pockets;
– safe use of FIBC (including those with inner liners) within different zones defined for explosion endangered environments, described for areas where combustible dusts are, or can be, present (IEC 60079-10-2), and for explosive gas atmospheres (IEC 60079-10-1);
– procedures for type qualification and certification of FIBC, including the safe use of inner liners. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 2012, and Amendment 1:2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) in light of experimental evidence, the maximum resistance to ground limit for Type C FIBC, and corresponding resistance limits for inner liners used in Type C FIBC has been increased from 10 M ohms to 100 M ohms;
b) the classification of Type L1 inner liners has been revised and extended to include Type L1C inner liners made from multi-layer materials with a conductive internal layer;
c) a labelling requirement to include a reference to IEC TS 60079-32-1 for guidance on earthing has been added.
- Standard50 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard applies to body structures on commercial vehicles and on trailers.
This European Standard sets out basic minimum requirements for standard vehicle bodies (side walls, front and rear walls) and for reinforced vehicle bodies and specifies appropriate tests.
This European Standard applies to all commercial vehicles which are related by design and body type to the body structures described below.
Forces applied according to the test requirements described below can be invoked for load securing purposes.
The floor of the vehicle is a part of the sub frame. As long as the floor strength is not defined, the manufacturer should give the necessary information. Testing of the axle load on the floor should be carried out analogous to EN 283. The result should be marked in locations according to chapter 6.
This European Standard does not apply to vans according to ISO 27956.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard defines principles to be considered when transporting movable cultural heritage in accordance with EN 15946.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This standard provides guidance in determining the most appropriate procedures for packaging and shipping environmental samples. Use of this guide by personnel involved in packaging and shipping environmental samples will facilitate safe, effective and compliant procedures.
4.2 Due to the changing nature of regulations and other information, users are advised to thoroughly research requirements related to packaging and shipping prior to initiating a sampling event that will require shipment of the samples.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides guidance on the selection of procedures for proper packaging and shipment of environmental samples to the laboratory for analysis to ensure compliance with appropriate regulatory programs and protection of sample integrity during shipment.
1.2 This standard does not address transport of hazardous wastes for disposal purposes.
1.3 This standard does not address the selection of parameter-specific sample bottles or containers.
1.4 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This guide cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This guide is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this guide be applied without consideration of the many unique aspects of a project. The word “standard” in the title of this guide means only that the guide has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
- Guide7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Guide7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
This International Standard specifies the requirements and test methods for compatibility testing of plastics packagings/Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) and composite packagings/IBCs with plastics inners containing liquids. The testing involves storage with the liquid to be transported. For polyethylene-based packaging, testing with a standard liquid as defined in The European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road may be undertaken. Annex B describes small-scale laboratory tests that may be used to determine the assimilation of those products to be carried with the standard liquids. Where there is any contradiction between this International Standard and any applicable regulation, the regulation always takes precendence.
- Corrigendum3 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard is applicable to the design of securing methods (blocking, lashing, and combinations) for securing of loads for surface transport by road vehicles or parts of them (lorries, trailers, containers and swap bodies), including their transport on vessels or by rail and/or combinations thereof. Hump shunting with acceleration over 1 g during railway transport is excluded, as it is not foreseen in combined transport. (Web lashings see EN 12195-2, lashing chains see EN 12195-3, lashing steel wire ropes see EN 12195-4). This European Standard does not apply for vehicles with a total weight equal to or lower than 3 500 kg.
NOTE Lighter vehicles can have driving characteristics, which give higher values of acceleration on the road. For dimensioning of load securing a distinction is made between stable loads and loads liable to tilting. Furthermore, the acceleration coefficients for surface transport are specified. For over top lashing the force loss in the tension force of the lashing at the outer edges between load and lashing is taken into account. The securing forces to be chosen for calculation in this EN 12195-1 are static forces produced by blocking or tensioning of lashings and dynamic forces, which act on the lashing as a reaction of the load movements. Examples for the application of calculations are given in Annex A.
- Corrigendum2 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
CCMC origin - Error made in 1st corrigendum (wrong figure inserted). No xml version as the mother standard EN 12195-1:2010 is not available as an xml file.
- Corrigendum2 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 13274:2013 specifies the requirements and test methods for compatibility testing of plastics packagings/Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) and composite packagings/IBCs with plastics inners containing liquids. The testing involves storage with the liquid to be transported. For polyethylene-based packaging, testing with a standard liquid as defined in The European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road may be undertaken. Annex B describes small-scale laboratory tests that may be used to determine the assimilation of those products to be carried with the standard liquids.
Where there is any contradiction between ISO 13274:2013 and any applicable regulation, the regulation always takes precendence.
- Standard35 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard is applicable to the design of securing methods (blocking, lashing, and combinations) for securing of loads for surface transport by road vehicles or parts of them (lorries, trailers, containers and swap bodies), including their transport on vessels or by rail and/or combinations thereof. Hump shunting with acceleration over 1 g during railway transport is excluded, as it is not foreseen in combined transport. (Web lashings see EN 12195-2, lashing chains see EN 12195-3, lashing steel wire ropes see EN 12195-4).
This European Standard does not apply for vehicles with a total weight equal to or lower than 3 500 kg.
NOTE Lighter vehicles can have driving characteristics, which give higher values of acceleration on the road.
For dimensioning of load securing a distinction is made between stable loads and loads liable to tilting.
Furthermore, the acceleration coefficients for surface transport are specified.
For over top lashing the force loss in the tension force of the lashing at the outer edges between load and lashing is taken into account. The securing forces to be chosen for calculation in this EN 12195-1 are static forces produced by blocking or tensioning of lashings and dynamic forces, which act on the lashing as a reaction of the load movements.
Examples for the application of calculations are given in Annex A.
- Standard48 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard is applicable to the design of securing methods (blocking, lashing, and combinations) for securing of loads for surface transport by road vehicles or parts of them (lorries, trailers, containers and swap bodies), including their transport on vessels or by rail and/or combinations thereof. Hump shunting with acceleration over 1 g during railway transport is excluded, as it is not foreseen in combined transport. (Web lashings see EN 12195-2, lashing chains see EN 12195-3, lashing steel wire ropes see EN 12195-4).
This European Standard does not apply for vehicles with a total weight equal to or lower than 3 500 kg.
NOTE Lighter vehicles can have driving characteristics, which give higher values of acceleration on the road.
For dimensioning of load securing a distinction is made between stable loads and loads liable to tilting.
Furthermore, the acceleration coefficients for surface transport are specified.
For over top lashing the force loss in the tension force of the lashing at the outer edges between load and lashing is taken into account. The securing forces to be chosen for calculation in this EN 12195-1 are static forces produced by blocking or tensioning of lashings and dynamic forces, which act on the lashing as a reaction of the load movements.
Examples for the application of calculations are given in Annex A.
- Standard48 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 21898:2004 specifies materials, construction and design requirements, type test, certification and marking requirements for flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBCs) intended to contain non-dangerous solid materials in powder, granular or paste form, and designed to be lifted from above by integral or detachable devices. Guidance is also provided on the selection and safe usage of FIBCs.
- Standard28 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard29 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
This Part 4 of EN 12195
- specifies safety requirements for lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes and lashing combina-tions with lashing steel wire ropes for the safe surface transport of loads on load carriers, e. g. trucks and trailers which are used on roads or located on vessels or on rail waggons and/or combinations thereof;
- stipulates procedures for testing lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes;
- deals with hazards which could occur when lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes are in use as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4 and Annex A).
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Part 4 of EN 12195
- specifies safety requirements for lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes and lashing combina-tions with lashing steel wire ropes for the safe surface transport of loads on load carriers, e. g. trucks and trailers which are used on roads or located on vessels or on rail waggons and/or combinations thereof;
- stipulates procedures for testing lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes;
- deals with hazards which could occur when lashing steel wire ropes and flat lashing steel wire ropes are in use as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4 and Annex A).
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 15867:2003 defines basic terminology for all forms of IBCs intended to transport non-dangerous goods.
- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Part of EN 12195 specifies safety requirements for lashing chains and lashing combinations with chain for the safe surface transport of goods on load carriers, e.g. trucks and trailers which are used on roads or located on vessels or on rail waggons and/or combinations thereof. The standard includes only tensioning devices to be hand driven with a maximum handforce of 500 N. It does not give requirements for multi-purpose lover blocks other than to the type of fine calibrated chain and the additional marking of the maximum hand-operating force.
This part of EN 12195 deals with hazards which could occur when lashing chains are in use as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4 and Annex A).
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Part of EN 12195 specifies safety requirements for web lashing made from man-made fibres with flat woven webbings for multiple use and of lashing combinations with woven webbings for the safe surface transport of goods on road vehicles, e.g. trucks and trailers which are used on roads or located on vessels or on rail waggons and/or combinations thereof; specifies methods for testing of web lashing for securing of loads; etc.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Part of EN 12195 specifies safety requirements for web lashing made from man-made fibres with flat woven webbings for multiple use and of lashing combinations with woven webbings for the safe surface transport of goods on road vehicles, e.g. trucks and trailers which are used on roads or located on vessels or on rail waggons and/or combinations thereof; specifies methods for testing of web lashing for securing of loads; etc.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Part of EN 12195 specifies safety requirements for lashing chains and lashing combinations with chain for the safe surface transport of goods on load carriers, e.g. trucks and trailers which are used on roads or located on vessels or on rail waggons and/or combinations thereof. The standard includes only tensioning devices to be hand driven with a maximum handforce of 500 N. It does not give requirements for multi-purpose lover blocks other than to the type of fine calibrated chain and the additional marking of the maximum hand-operating force.
This part of EN 12195 deals with hazards which could occur when lashing chains are in use as intended and under conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4 and Annex A).
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This standard specifies two methods of determining the location of the centre of gravity of flat sided rigid packages or unit loads. In the following text, a package or a unit load is called "a test item".
- Standard10 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Specifies the minimum requirements to allow efficient lashing and securing of semi-trailers, as defined in ISO 3833, on board Ro/Ro ships, indicating in particular the lashing arrangements on the semi-trailer and the securing method to be used. Annex A gives, for information to semi-trailer designers, the securing point arrangements generally used on Ro/Ro ships, annex B describes for information some design indications to decrease damage during handling.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
- Corrigendum2 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Specifies the minimum requirements to allow efficient lashing and securing of road vehicles on board roll-on/roll-off ships. Applies to goods vehicles, semi-trailer towing vehicles, road trains, and combination of vehicles with a maximum authorized total mass of vehicle and cargo, as defined in ISO 1176, of between 3,5 t and 40 t. Does not apply to passenger cars, buses, and special vehicles.
- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Part of prEN 12195 specifies acceleration coefficients for surface transport. It also gives methods of calculation of lashing forces acting on goods on load carriers, lorries, trailers and swap bodies, either on road, on vessels or by rail and/or combinations thereof for different types of load and different types of lashing. It excludes the hump shunting during railway transport (web lashings see EN 12195-2, lashing chains see EN 12195-3, wire lashing ropes see prEN 12195-4).
The lashing forces to be chosen for calculation in this EN 12195-1 are static forces produced by tensioning of lashings and dynamic forces, which act on the lashing as a reaction of the load movements.
Instructions for the application of calculations are also specified.
- Draft62 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Part of prEN 12195 specifies acceleration coefficients for surface transport. It also gives methods of calculation of lashing forces acting on goods on load carriers, lorries, trailers and swap bodies, either on road, on vessels or by rail and/or combinations thereof for different types of load and different types of lashing. It excludes the hump shunting during railway transport (web lashings see EN 12195-2, lashing chains see EN 12195-3, wire lashing ropes see prEN 12195-4).
The lashing forces to be chosen for calculation in this EN 12195-1 are static forces produced by tensioning of lashings and dynamic forces, which act on the lashing as a reaction of the load movements.
Instructions for the application of calculations are also specified.
- Draft62 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 21898:2004 specifies materials, construction and design requirements, type test, certification and marking requirements for flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBCs) intended to contain non-dangerous solid materials in powder, granular or paste form, and designed to be lifted from above by integral or detachable devices.
Guidance is also provided on the selection and safe usage of FIBCs.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Standard specifies the minimum requirements and test methods for lashing points fitted to commercial vehicles and trailers with flatbed body construction of maximum total mass above 3,5 t and intended for general use. The standard does not apply to - Vehicles designed and constructed exclusively for the transportation of bulk materials; - Vehicles designed and constructed exclusively for the transportation of specific cargo with particular securing requirements.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 21898:2004 specifies materials, construction and design requirements, type test, certification and marking requirements for flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBCs) intended to contain non-dangerous solid materials in powder, granular or paste form, and designed to be lifted from above by integral or detachable devices.
Guidance is also provided on the selection and safe usage of FIBCs.
- Standard34 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
PWI created for possible future // procedures
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 61340-4-4:2012 specifies requirements for flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC) between 0,25 m3 and 3 m3 in volume, intended for use in hazardous explosive atmospheres. The explosive atmosphere may be created by the contents in the FIBC or may exist outside the FIBC. The requirements include:
- classification and labelling of FIBC;
- classification of inner liners;
- specification of test methods for each type of FIBC and inner liner;
- design and performance requirements for FIBC and inner liners;
- safe use of FIBC (including those with inner liners) within different zones defined for explosion endangered environments, described for areas where combustible dusts are, or may be, present (IEC 60079-10-2), and for explosive gas atmospheres (IEC 60079-10-1);
- procedures for type qualification and certification of FIBC, including the safe use of inner liners.
The requirements of this standard are applicable to all types of FIBC and inner liners, tested as manufactured, prior to use and intended for use in hazardous explosive atmospheres: Zones 1 and 2 (Groups IIA and IIB only) and Zones 21 and 22. For some types of FIBC, the requirements of this standard apply only to use in hazardous explosive atmospheres with minimum ignition energy of 0,14 mJ or greater and where charging currents do not exceed 3,0 μA.
Compliance with the requirements specified in this standard does not necessarily ensure that hazardous electrostatic discharges, e.g. cone discharges, will not be generated by the contents in FIBC. Compliance with the requirements of this standard does not mitigate the need for full risk assessment. For example, metal and other conductive powders and toner powders may require additional precautions to prevent hazardous discharges from the powders. Test methods included in this standard may be used in association with other performance requirements, for example when a risk assessment has shown the minimum ignition energy of concern is less than 0,14 mJ, charging currents are greater than 3,0 μA, or the ambient conditions are outside of the range specified in this standard.
Compliance with the requirements specified in this standard does not necessarily ensure that electric shocks to personnel will not occur from FIBC during normal use. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2005, and constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the first edition are listed below:
a) Adoption of a type classification system for FIBC based on four types: A, B, C and D.
b) Guidance for safe use of FIBC in relation to hazardous areas and hazardous zones defined in IEC 60079-10-1 and IEC 60079-10-2 is added.
c) Resistance to groundable points and electrical breakdown voltage measurements on FIBC shall be measured at low humidity only.
d) Requirements for labelling FIBC are changed to improve clarity and ease of recognition by end users.
e) Classification, performance requirements and guidance for safe use of inner liners in combination with FIBC are added.
f) An informative annex giving guidance on test methods for quality control and inspection testing is added.
- Standard43 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
ISO 16106:2006 gives guidance on quality management provisions applicable to the manufacture, measuring and monitoring of design type approved dangerous goods packagings, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and large packagings.
ISO 16106:2006 can only be used in combination with ISO 9001:2000; it is not a stand-alone document.
It does not apply to design type testing, for which reference is made to 6.1.5, 6.5.4 and 6.6.5 of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Model Regulations, fourteenth revised edition.
- Standard35 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Standard specifies the minimum requirements and test methods for lashing points fitted to commercial vehicles and trailers with flatbed body construction of maximum total mass above 3,5 t and intended for general use. The standard does not apply to - Vehicles designed and constructed exclusively for the transportation of bulk materials; - Vehicles designed and constructed exclusively for the transportation of specific cargo with particular securing requirements.
- Standard11 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This European Standard applies to body structures on commercial vehicles and on trailers with a maximum total weight of more than 3 500 kg.
This European Standard sets out basic minimum requirements for standard vehicle bodies (side walls, front and rear walls) and for reinforced vehicle bodies and specifies appropriate tests.
This European Standard does not apply to swap bodies, nor to box type vans, i.e. vehicles where the driver cabin and the cargo space form one unit.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day