SIST EN 16860:2019

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bahnanwendungen - Anforderungen und Grundsätze für die Ladegutsicherung für GüterwagenApplications ferroviaires - Exigences et principes généraux en matière d'arrimage de la charge utile lors du transport ferroviaire de fretRailway Applications - Requirements and general principles for securing payload in rail freight transport55.180.99Drugi standardi v zvezi z distribucijo blaga s prevozomOther standards related to freight distribution of goods03.220.30Železniški transportTransport by railICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16860:2019SIST EN 16860:2019en,fr,de01-maj-2019SIST EN 16860:2019SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 16860:2019



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16860
March
t r s { ICS
v wä r x rä t râ
w wä s z rä { { English Version
Railway applications æ Requirements and general principles for securing payload in rail freight transport Applications ferroviaires æ Exigences et principes généraux en matière d 5arrimage de la charge utile lors du transport ferroviaire de fret
Bahnanwendungen æ Anforderungen und Grundsätze für die Ladegutsicherung für Güterwagen This European Standard was approved by CEN on
u r December
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
9
t r s { CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s x z x rã t r s { ESIST EN 16860:2019



EN 16860:2019 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Requirements for securing of payload . 5 4.1 General . 5 4.2 Requirements that arise from the following influencing factors . 6 4.2.1 Type of wagon and operation . 6 4.2.2 Infrastructure . 6 4.2.3 Payload. 6 4.2.4 Loads . 6 5 Methods/Principles for loading and securing of payload . 7 5.1 General . 7 5.2 Positive–fit payload securing . 8 5.3 Force-fit payload securing . 8 5.4 Controlled sliding payload securing . 9 6 Securing equipment . 10 6.1 General . 10 6.2 Payload restraint and fixing . 10 6.3 Anchor points . 11 Annex A (informative)
Type, number and position of payload securing devices . 12 Annex B (normative)
Assessment methods of the loading and securing of the payload . 16 B.1 General . 16 B.2 Impact tests for loading methods and removable fastenings . 16 B.2.1 General . 16 B.2.2 Test conditions . 16 B.2.3 Impact wagon . 16 B.2.4 Test wagon . 17 B.2.5 Measurement of impact speeds . 17 B.2.6 Assessment of the results . 17 B.2.7 Conversion table . 18 B.3 Simulation method . 18 B.3.1 Input datas . 18 B.3.2 Simulation code . 18 B.3.3 Acceptation criteria . 18 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC aimed to be covered . 19 Bibliography . 20
SIST EN 16860:2019



EN 16860:2019 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 16860:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2019. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC. For relationship with EU Directive 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16860:2019



EN 16860:2019 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifies the minimum requirements for securing payload to ensure safe operation of freight wagons, utilizing a train speed of up to 120 km/h. It is serving as a basis for the design and implementation of payload securing methods. Additional requirements in the case of wagons designed for the transport of special payload and/or with integrated load security (e.g. tank wagons, hopper wagons, car carriers, coil carriers and wagons for intermodal transport) are not part of this document. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12663 (all parts), Railway applications — Structural requirements of railway vehicle bodies EN 15273-3, Railway applications — Gauges — Part 3: Structure gauges EN 15528, Railway applications — Line categories for managing the interface between load limits of vehicles and infrastructure EN 15551, Railway applications — Railway rolling stock — Buffers EN 15723, Railway applications — Closing and locking devices for payload protecting devices against environmental influences — Requirements for durability, operation, indication, maintenance, recycling 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 load all kinds of external applied forces and moments, distributed load, pressure or weight 3.2 payload load which the vehicle is designed to transport under specified conditions of operation, in addition to its tare weight 3.3 force single acting load SIST EN 16860:2019



EN 16860:2019 (E) 5 3.4 removable fastenings fastenings or a combination of several fastenings utilized to restrain or secure payload, which are not a fixed part of the wagon 3.5 positive-fit fit by which the payload is secured by ensuring there is no intermediate space or by filling the remaining space with packing or by preventing movement 3.6 force-fit fit by which the payload is secured by increasing the friction between payload and the loading surface 3.7 controlled sliding payload that they may slide on the wagon loading surface lengthways in a restricted manner 3.8 Alphacode combination of capitals and small types to define typical standard wagons according to UIC 438-2 4 Requirements for securing of payload 4.1 General The payload shall be distributed as uniformly as possible and secured against uncontrolled movement to avoid negative interferences to axle/wheel loads, loading gauge and brake performance. The following requirements shall be observed at all times: a) The following ratios for axle or wheel load shall not be exceeded: — 2: 1
axle load ratio in longitudinal direction for two-axle wagons; — 3: 1
bogie load ratio in longitudinal direction for bogie wagons; — 1: 1,25 load ratio in lateral direction also for a wheelset; NOTE Examples for calculations can be found in UIC Loading rules. In all above mentioned cases the single permissible wheel load shall not be exceeded. b) Criteria for stability, whereby heavy and lighter goods are to be arranged so that the payload centre of gravity should be as low as possible to reduce the likelihood of tipping and loss of payload. c) Payload shall not prevent opening, closing and locking of sliding doors, sliding walls and opening roofs. d) Doors, closure devices and hatches which are used for loading and unloading of payload shall be securely closed during transport, see EN 15723. e) All other equipment for securing payload shall be stowed in a safe manner. SIST EN 16860:2019



EN 16860:2019 (E) 6 f) Goods that are able to be lifted upwards by aerodynamic or vibration effects shall be covered by appropriate equipment (e.g. tarpaulin, net). The aim of this device is to avoid pollution and the loss of payload. In any case they cannot be used to increase the capacity of the wagon. 4.2 Requirements that arise from the following influencing factors 4.2.1 Type of wagon and operation The characteristics of the wagon and its operation shall be considered when applying this standard. 4.2.2 Infrastructure Wagons and payloads shall be in accordance with the infrastructure requirements such as: — Permissible Line Category according to EN 15528; — For vehicles the permissible infrastructure gauges (reference profiles) according to EN 15273-3; — For payload (on flat wagons) the published loading gauge profile of the Infrastructure Manager. Infrastructure is considered as classification of lines, track quality, switches, crossings, curves and gauges defined by the location of the obstacles. NOTE Deviations can be agreed by the responsible parties (e.g. infrastructure manager, railway undertaking). 4.2.3 Payload The properties of the wagon shall correspond with the features of the payload. These features are: — geometrical conditions (e.g. centre of gravity); — unit loads or bulk; — weight or density; — dimension; — temperature. Changes in volume and weight caused by the influence of weather or loads caused during transport are also to be taken into consideration. 4.2.4 Loads 4.2.4.1 General Loads arising during transport shall be taken into account. These loads shall be taken as acting independently and arise in the: — longitudinal direction (x-axis) to the wagon; — lateral direction (y-axis) to the wagon; — vertical direction (z-axis) to the wagon. The directions of these loads are in accordance with the EN 12663 series. SIST EN 16860:2019



EN 16860:2019 (E) 7 The time for which the above forces are exerted is approximately 1/10 s (acceleration measurements filtered at 15-20 Hz). Where securing devices are dimensioned by calculation, these forces should be considered quasi-static for the purposes of securing payloads. Applied values for acceleration are: g = 9,81 m/s2. 4.2.4.2 In longitudinal direction The resulting applicable loads are the payload mass multiplied with the following applicable acceleration values: — Acceleration values for payload which is rigidly secured: — 4g≤×: single wagon an≤ g±o×ps of wagons in no±mal sh×nting con≤itions; This loa≤ applies to the fixings fo± the sec×±ing of the loa≤ to the s×ppo±ting st±×ct×±e of the vehicle b×t not the vehicle en≤s. — 1g≤×: wagons not s×bject to h×mp an≤ fly sh×nting an≤ wagons with long-st±oke shock abso±be±s o± ×sing app±ove≤ p±oce≤×±es to ±e≤×ce the applie≤ loa≤s ≤×±ing t±ansit. — Val×es fo± payloa≤ which can sli≤e lengthways in the wagon: — 1g≤×: single wagon an≤ g±o×ps of wagons in no±mal sh×nting con≤itions. 4.2.4.3 In lateral direction 05,g≤× 4.2.4.4 in vertical direction ()103,g≤±× Vertical forces in an upwards direction reduce friction, and thus encourage the displacement of the payload. The lateral and vertical forces exerted on the payload during transport are caused by vibrations at 2 Hz – 8 Hz. NOTE Applicable friction coefficients and safety factors are defined in the technical specification. Examples of these can be found in the EN 12195 series. 5 Methods/Principles for loading and securing of payload 5.1 General NOTE 1 Examples for typical freight wagons and payload and their combinations are given in code of practice UIC (UIC Loading rules). The method/principle selected for loading and securing of payload shall be validated according to Annex B. Methods/principle already used and validated by their use in previous operations can be considerate as validated. NOTE 2 Wagon and payload combination covered by UIC Loading rules are considered to be validated by their use. SIST EN 16860:2019



EN 16860:2019 (E) 8 In order to ensure safe transport, it may be necessary to pack goods, to assemble them to form load units or take other appropriate measures. The following clauses show different examples of principles for securing of payload. 5.2 Positive–fit payload securing Positive–fit can be realized by rigid loading or compact loading. Rigid loading can be achieved by fixing the payload in the wagon with brackets (for example wooden wedges). For example see Figure 1. Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 1 — Example of rigid loading Compact loading ca
...