SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018
01-junij-2018
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SIST EN 61340-4-4:2012
SIST EN 61340-4-4:2012/A1:2015
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Electrostatics - Part 4-4: Standard test methods for specific applications - Electrostatic
classification of flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC) (IEC 61340-4-4:2018)
Elektrostatik - Teil 4-4: Normprüfverfahren für spezielle Anwendungen - Einordnung
flexibler Schüttgutbehälter (FIBC) in elektrostatischer Hinsicht (IEC 61340-4-4:2018)
Electrostatique - Partie 4-4: Méthodes d'essai normalisées pour des applications
spécifiques - Classification électrostatique des grands récipients pour vrac souples
(GRVS) (IEC 61340-4-4:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018
ICS:
17.220.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
elektriko in magnetizmom electricity and magnetism
55.180.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
distribucijo blaga s prevozom freight distribution of goods
SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018

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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018


EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 61340-4-4

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2018
ICS 17.220.99; 29.020; 55.080 Supersedes EN 61340-4-4:2012
English Version
Electrostatics - Part 4-4: Standard test methods for specific
applications - Electrostatic classification of flexible intermediate
bulk containers (FIBC)
(IEC 61340-4-4:2018)
Electrostatique - Partie 4-4: Méthodes d'essai normalisées Elektrostatik - Teil 4-4: Normprüfverfahren für spezielle
pour des applications spécifiques - Classification Anwendungen - Einordnung flexibler Schüttgutbehälter
électrostatique des grands récipients pour vrac souples (FIBC) in elektrostatischer Hinsicht
(GRVS) (IEC 61340-4-4:2018)
(IEC 61340-4-4:2018)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2018-03-06. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.



European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
 Ref. No. EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018 E

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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018
EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018 (E)

European foreword
The text of document 101/546/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 61340-4-4, prepared by IEC/TC 101
"Electrostatics" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018.

The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be (dop) 2018-12-06
implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2021-03-06
• latest date by which the national
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn

This document supersedes EN 61340-4-4:2012.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.


Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61340-4-4:2018 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:

IEC 60079-32-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-32-2.
IEC 61340-2-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61340-2-1.

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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018
EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018 (E)

Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.

NOTE 1  Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.

NOTE 2  Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60079-10-1 -  Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-1: EN 60079-10-1 -
Classification of areas - Explosive gas
atmospheres
IEC 60079-10-2 -  Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-2: EN 60079-10-2 -
Classification of areas - Explosive dust
atmospheres
IEC 60243-1 2013 Electric strength of insulating materials - EN 60243-1 2013
Test methods -- Part 1: Tests at power
frequencies
IEC 60243-2 -  Electric strength of insulating materials - EN 60243-2 -
Test methods - Part 2: Additional
requirements for tests using direct voltage
IEC 60417-DB -  Graphical symbols for use on equipment - -
IEC 61340-2-3 -  Electrostatics - Part 2-3: Methods of test EN 61340-2-3 -
for determining the resistance and
resistivity of solid materials used to avoid
electrostatic charge accumulation
ISO 7000 -  Graphical symbols for use on equipment - - -
Registered symbols
ISO 21898 -  Packaging - Flexible intermediate bulk EN ISO 21898 -
containers (FIBCs) for non-dangerous
goods
ISO/IEC 80079-20-2 -  Explosive atmospheres - Part 20-2: EN ISO/IEC 80079- -
Material characteristics - Combustible 20-2
dusts test methods
ASTM E582 -  Standard test method for minimum ignition - -
energy and quenching distance in gaseous
mixtures


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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018




IEC 61340-4-4

®


Edition 3.0 2018-01




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE
colour

inside










Electrostatics –

Part 4-4: Standard test methods for specific applications – Electrostatic

classification of flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC)




Électrostatique –

Partie 4-4: Méthodes d'essai normalisées pour des applications spécifiques –


Classification électrostatique des grands récipients pour vrac souples (GRVS)












INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 17.220.99; 29.020; 55.080 ISBN 978-2-8322-5264-2



Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018
– 2 – IEC 61340-4-4:2018 © IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Classification . 12
4.1 Classification for FIBC . 12
4.1.1 Principles of classification. 12
4.1.2 Type A . 12
4.1.3 Type B . 12
4.1.4 Type C. 12
4.1.5 Type D. 12
4.2 Principles of classification and requirements for inner liners . 12
4.2.1 Components of inner liners . 12
4.2.2 Surface resistivity measurements for inner liners . 13
4.2.3 Breakdown voltage measurements for inner liners . 13
4.2.4 Type L1 . 14
4.2.5 Type L1C . 15
4.2.6 Type L2 . 15
4.2.7 Type L3 . 16
4.3 Combination of FIBC and inner liners . 17
5 Safe use of FIBC . 17
6 Labelling . 19
7 Requirements for FIBC . 22
7.1 General remarks . 22
7.2 Requirements for dust environments with ignition energies greater than 3 mJ
(apply to Type B FIBC, Type C FIBC and Type D FIBC) . 22
7.3 Requirements for vapour and gas atmospheres and for dust environments
with ignition energies of 3 mJ or less . 23
7.3.1 Type C FIBC . 23
7.3.2 Type D FIBC . 23
8 Atmosphere for conditioning, calibrating and testing . 24
8.1 Conditioning time . 24
8.2 Electrical breakdown voltage, surface resistivity and resistance to
groundable point testing . 24
8.3 Surface resistivity testing . 24
8.4 Ignition testing . 24
9 Test procedures . 24
9.1 Sampling. 24
9.2 Electrical breakdown voltage. 24
9.3 Ignition testing . 25
9.3.1 Apparatus . 25
9.3.2 Establishing correct charging current . 32
9.3.3 Ignition tests . 32
9.4 Resistance to groundable point . 35
9.4.1 Apparatus . 35

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IEC 61340-4-4:2018 © IEC 2018 – 3 –
9.4.2 Test procedure . 35
10 Test report . 36
10.1 General . 36
10.2 For all types of testing . 37
10.3 For electrical breakdown voltage testing . 37
10.4 For ignition testing . 37
10.5 For resistance to groundable point testing . 37
10.6 For surface resistivity testing of inner liners, labels and document pockets . 37
10.7 For test reports issued by accredited testing authorities . 37
Annex A (informative) Electrical breakdown voltage – Typical voltage/time graphs . 39
Annex B (normative) Polypropylene pellets for ignition testing . 40
Annex C (informative) Guidance on test methods for manufacturing quality control . 41
C.1 Introductory remarks . 41
C.2 Test methods . 41
C.2.1 Resistance measurements . 41
C.2.2 Charge decay measurements . 42
C.2.3 Charge transfer measurements . 42
Annex D (normative) Classification of hazardous areas and zones . 43
Annex E (informative) Risks associated with cone discharges . 44
Annex F (informative) Explanation for resistance and resistivity limits, and thickness
limits for insulating layers of inner liners . 45
F.1 Resistance to groundable point limit for Type C FIBC . 45
F.2 Resistivity of inner liners . 45
F.3 Thickness of insulating layers of inner liners . 45
Bibliography . 47

Figure 1 – Examples of inner liners in FIBC . 13
Figure 2 – Example of a label for Type B FIBC . 20
Figure 3 – Example of a label for Type C FIBC . 20
Figure 4 – Example of a label for Type D FIBC . 21
Figure 5 – Example of labels for Type C FIBC designated earth bonding points . 21
Figure 6 – Ignition probe . 26
Figure 7 – Perforated metal plate for use in ignition probe . 27
Figure 8 – Gas control and mixing apparatus (schematic) . 28
Figure 9 – FIBC filling rig (schematic) . 30
Figure 10 – Corona charging unit (schematic) . 31
Figure A.1 – Example of voltage/time graph for material showing distinct breakdown . 39
Figure A.2 – Example of voltage/time graph for material showing reduction in rate of
voltage rise because of conduction within the test material . 39

Table 1 – Permissible configurations and requirements for Type L1 inner liners (without
conductive internal layers) . 14
Table 2 – Permissible configurations and requirements for Type L1C inner liners (with
a
conductive internal layers ) . 15
Table 3 – Permissible configurations and requirements for Type L2 inner liners . 16
Table 4 – Permissible configurations and requirements for Type L3 inner liners . 17

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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018
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Table 5 – Use of different types of FIBC . 17
Table 6 – Inner liners and FIBC: combinations that are permissible and not permissible
in hazardous explosive atmospheres . 18
Table 7 – Volume concentrations of flammable gas mixture . 27
Table 8 – Example of full sample description to be included in the test report . 38
Table B.1 – Particle size distribution of polypropylene pellets . 40
Table D.1 – Classification of hazardous areas in IEC 60079-10-1 and IEC 60079-10-2 . 43
Table D.2 – Classification of zones in IEC 60079-10-1 and IEC 60079-10-2 . 43

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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018
IEC 61340-4-4:2018 © IEC 2018 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

ELECTROSTATICS –

Part 4-4: Standard test methods for specific applications –
Electrostatic classification of flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC)

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC
Publication(s)"). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61340-4-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 101:
Electrostatics.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 2012, and
Amendment 1:2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) in light of experimental evidence, the maximum resistance to ground limit for Type C FIBC,
and corresponding resistance limits for inner liners used in Type C FIBC has been
7 8
increased from 1,0 × 10 Ω to 1,0 × 10 Ω;
b) the classification of Type L1 inner liners has been revised and extended to include Type
L1C inner liners made from multi-layer materials with a conductive internal layer;

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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018
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c) a labelling requirement to include a reference to IEC TS 60079-32-1 for guidance on
earthing has been added.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
101/546/FDIS 101/555/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in
the report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61340 series, published under the general title Electrostatics, can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.

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SIST EN IEC 61340-4-4:2018
IEC 61340-4-4:2018 © IEC 2018 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
Flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC) are widely used for the storage, transportation
and handling of powdered, flaked or granular material. Typically, they are constructed from
3
woven polypropylene fabric in the form of cubic bags of about 1 m volume, although they can
3 3
vary in shape and in size from 0,25 m to 3 m . The fabric used may be a single layer, a
multi-layer laminate, or a coated fabric. Untreated polypropylene is an electrical insulator, as
is often the case with the products placed in FIBC. There is ample opportunity for the
generation of electrostatic charge during filling and emptying operations and in unprotected
FIBC high levels of charge can quickly build up. In such cases, electrostatic discharges are
inevitable and can be a severe problem when FIBC are used in hazardous explosive
atmospheres.
A hazardous explosive atmosphere can be generated when handling fine powders that create
dust clouds or thin layers of powder, both of which can be ignited by electrostatic discharges.
A hazardous explosive atmosphere can also be generated when using gases or volatile
solvents. In these industrial situations, there is clearly a need to eliminate incendive
electrostatic discharges.
As with any industrial equipment, a thorough risk assessment should always be conducted
before using FIBC in potentially hazardous situations. This part of IEC 61340 describes a
system of classification, test methods, performance and design requirements and safe use
procedures that can be used by manufacturers, specifiers and end-users as part of a risk
assessment of any FIBC intended for use within a hazardous explosive atmosphere. However,
it does not include procedures for evaluating the specific risks of electrostatic discharges
arising from products within FIBC, for example cone discharges, from personnel or from
equipment used near FIBC. Information on risks associated with cone discharges is given in
Annex E.
CAUTION: The test methods specified in this document involve the use of high voltage
power supplies and flammable gases that may present hazards if handled incorrectly,
particularly by unqualified or inexperienced personnel. Users of this document are
encouraged to carry out proper risk assessments and pay due regard to local regulations
before undertaking any of the test procedures.

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ELECTROSTATICS –

Part 4-4: Standard test methods for specific applications –
Electrostatic classification of flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC)



1 Scope
This part of IEC 61340 specifies requirements for flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC)
3 3
between 0,25 m and 3 m in volume, intended for use in hazardous explosive atmospheres.
The explosive atmosphere can be created by the contents in the FIBC or can exist outside the
FIBC.
The requirements include:
– classification and labelling of FIBC;
– classification of inner liners;
– specification of test methods for each type of FIBC, inner liner, labels and document
pockets;
– design and performance requirements for FIBC, inner liners, labels and document pockets;
– safe use of FIBC (including those with inner liners) within different zones defined for
explosion endangered environments, described for areas where combustible dusts are, or
can be, present (IEC 60079-10-2), and for explosive gas atmospheres (IEC 60079-10-1);
– procedures for type qualification and certification of FIBC, including the safe use of inner
liners.
NOTE 1 Guidance on test methods that can be used for manufacturing quality control is given in Annex C.
The requirements of this document are applicable to all types of FIBC and inner liners, tested
as manufactured, prior to use and intended for use in hazardous explosive atmospheres:
Zones 1 and 2 (Groups IIA and IIB only) and Zones 21 and 22 (see Annex D for classification
of hazardous areas and explosion groups). For
...