2014/94/EU - Directive 2014/94/EU of The European Parliament and of The Council of 22 October 2014 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure
Directive 2014/94/EU aims to establish a common framework for the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure across the European Union to reduce dependence on oil and mitigate environmental impacts from transport. It encourages Member States to develop national policy frameworks that promote the use of electricity, hydrogen, biofuels, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as principal alternative fuels. The directive supports coordinated efforts to build infrastructure such as recharging points for electric vehicles and refuelling stations for hydrogen, CNG, and LNG on an interoperable and publicly accessible basis, including along the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T). It aligns with the EU’s climate goals by facilitating decarbonisation and improving air quality, particularly in urban areas. The directive promotes technological neutrality, interoperability, and encourages use of intelligent metering systems for electric vehicle charging. It also supports cooperation between Member States, regional and local authorities, and the private sector for effective infrastructure deployment, leveraging EU funding programs like the Connecting Europe Facility and Horizon 2020. The directive ensures compliance with State aid rules and aims to avoid market fragmentation for alternative fuels infrastructure.
Purpose
Directive 2014/94/EU aims to establish a common framework for the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure across the European Union. The Directive seeks to reduce the Union’s dependence on oil, decrease greenhouse gas emissions from transport, and promote smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth as part of the Europe 2020 strategy. It supports the development and use of alternative fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, biofuels, natural gas (including liquefied natural gas - LNG and compressed natural gas - CNG), and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The directive aims to harmonize national policy frameworks, enabling the roll-out of infrastructure required for these fuels in a cost-efficient, coordinated, and timely manner, fostering the transition to more sustainable mobility.
Key Obligations
National Policy Frameworks (NPFs): Member States must establish national policy frameworks by November 2016 outlining targets and measures for the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure. These frameworks should detail public and private investments, strategies for infrastructure deployment, and cooperation mechanisms with regional and local authorities and other Member States.
Infrastructure Deployment: Member States must ensure the development of publicly accessible infrastructure for:
- Electric vehicle recharging points, particularly in urban and suburban areas, with a suggested minimum average ratio of one publicly accessible recharging point per ten electric vehicles.
- Hydrogen refuelling points, focusing on transport corridors and urban agglomerations.
- Natural gas refuelling points (LNG and CNG), particularly on core network transport corridors and ports.
- LPG refuelling points where appropriate.
Interoperability and Standards: The Directive calls for harmonization and standardization of recharging/refuelling points to ensure interoperability across Member States. It also promotes technological neutrality and encourages the adoption of emerging technologies such as wireless charging and battery swapping.
Reporting and Cooperation: Member States are required to report progress on infrastructure deployment upon request and cooperate to ensure cross-border infrastructure continuity. The European Commission facilitates exchanges of best practices and monitors development at EU level.
Public Accessibility: Recharging and refuelling points should be accessible to the public, which includes private points made accessible through registration or subscription schemes.
Support and Financing: The Directive encourages the use of EU funds, including the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF), Horizon 2020, European Structural and Investment Funds, and national support schemes aligned with State aid rules, to finance infrastructure deployment.
Smart Metering and Grid Integration: For electric vehicle charging points, intelligent metering systems should be used when technically and financially feasible to optimize recharging, promote grid stability, and enable future vehicle-to-grid energy flows.
Affected Products and Actors
Alternative Fuels: Electricity, hydrogen, biofuels, natural gas (LNG and CNG), LPG, and synthetic fuels including paraffinic diesel and alcohol-based fuels.
Infrastructure Operators and Providers: Providers and operators of recharging and refuelling points, including public authorities, private companies, and energy suppliers.
Vehicle Manufacturers and Industry Stakeholders: Developers of vehicles powered by alternative fuels as well as infrastructure technology providers.
Member States and Regional/Local Authorities: Responsible for developing and implementing national policy frameworks and coordinating cross-border infrastructure deployment.
Consumers and Users: Private and public users of alternative fuel vehicles, including individuals and businesses.
Distribution System Operators (DSOs): Play a role in ensuring access and efficient functioning of electric vehicle charging infrastructure.
Implementation Timeline
By 18 November 2016: Member States to adopt and communicate their national policy frameworks including targets for alternative fuels infrastructure deployment.
Ongoing: Development and deployment of necessary infrastructure in line with targets and technologies specified in the National Policy Frameworks.
Regular Reporting: Member States must provide updates and progress reports to the European Commission on infrastructure development upon request.
Updates to Directive: The Directive should be reviewed and updated as necessary to accommodate emerging technologies and standards in the alternative fuels sector.
In summary, Directive 2014/94/EU sets a strategic and regulatory framework to support the widespread deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure throughout the EU, ensuring technological neutrality, interoperability, and coordinated actions by Member States to facilitate the transition towards sustainable and competitive transport.
The directive applies to the deployment of infrastructure for alternative fuels across the European Union, specifically targeting electricity, hydrogen, biofuels, natural gas (including liquefied natural gas and compressed natural gas), and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as principal alternative fuels for transport. It covers road transport, including cars and trucks, inland navigation, and short-sea shipping. The directive aims to support the market introduction and uptake of vehicles using alternative fuels by ensuring adequate and harmonized infrastructure is in place, particularly public recharging and refueling points. The scope includes the full range of transport modes, focusing on reducing dependence on oil, lowering greenhouse gas emissions, and enhancing energy efficiency. It addresses infrastructure provision in urban and suburban areas as well as along the Trans-European Transport Network, fostering coordinated national frameworks and cooperation between Member States while promoting technological neutrality and innovation.
Die Richtlinie 2014/94/EU zielt darauf ab, eine harmonisierte Infrastruktur für alternative Kraftstoffe in der Europäischen Union aufzubauen, um die Abhängigkeit vom Erdöl zu verringern und die Treibhausgasemissionen im Verkehrssektor zu senken. Sie legt fest, dass die Mitgliedstaaten nationale Strategierahmen entwickeln sollen, welche die Förderung und den Ausbau von Infrastrukturen für Kraftstoffe wie Elektrizität, Wasserstoff, Biokraftstoffe, Erdgas und Flüssiggas koordinieren. Dabei wird die Technologieneutralität betont, um Innovationen nicht zu behindern. Die Richtlinie fordert den Aufbau öffentlich zugänglicher Ladepunkte für Elektrofahrzeuge, insbesondere in städtischen Gebieten, und sieht auch die Förderung grenzüberschreitender Infrastruktur vor. Unterstützung erfolgt durch verschiedene EU-Förderinstrumente, darunter das TEN-V-Netz und das Rahmenprogramm „Horizont 2020“. Ziel ist es, private und öffentliche Investitionen zu stimulieren und so nachhaltige Mobilität in der EU zu fördern. Die Richtlinie trägt zur Schaffung eines einheitlichen europäischen Verkehrsraums und zur Erreichung der Klima- und Energieziele der EU bei.
Zweck
Die Richtlinie 2014/94/EU zielt darauf ab, eine einheitliche und nachhaltige Infrastruktur für alternative Kraftstoffe in der Europäischen Union zu schaffen. Damit soll die Abhängigkeit vom Erdöl verringert, die Umweltbelastung durch den Verkehrssektor reduziert und die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der EU gesteigert werden. Zudem fördert die Richtlinie die Gebrauchstauglichkeit und Markteinführung von Fahrzeugen mit alternativen Antrieben durch den Aufbau einer harmonisierten Infrastruktur. Sie unterstützt die EU-Klimaziele, insbesondere die Senkung der verkehrsbedingten Treibhausgasemissionen um 60 % bis 2050 gegenüber 1990.
Wichtige Verpflichtungen
Nationale Strategierahmen: Mitgliedstaaten müssen nationale Strategierahmen für den Aufbau der Infrastruktur alternativer Kraftstoffe erstellen. Diese sollen Ziele, Maßnahmen und Fördermaßnahmen für den Ausbau der Infrastruktur enthalten und in enger Zusammenarbeit mit regionalen und lokalen Behörden sowie der Wirtschaft erarbeitet werden.
Harmonisierung der Infrastruktur: Die Richtlinie verpflichtet zu einem europaweit harmonisierten Aufbau der Infrastrukturen für verschiedene alternative Kraftstoffe, um Fragmentierung des Binnenmarktes zu verhindern und eine grenzüberschreitende Mobilität zu ermöglichen.
Bereitstellung von Lade- und Tankstellen: Mitgliedstaaten müssen sicherstellen, dass öffentlich zugängliche Ladepunkte für Elektrofahrzeuge sowie Tankstellen für alternative Kraftstoffe (z. B. Wasserstoff, Erdgas, Flüssiggas) in ausreichender Anzahl und angemessener Verteilung zur Verfügung stehen – insbesondere in städtischen und vorstädtischen Ballungsräumen.
Technologieneutralität: Die Förderung soll technologieneutral erfolgen, um Innovationen und künftige Technologien (z. B. kabelloses Laden oder Batteriewechsel) nicht zu behindern.
Zusammenarbeit und Berichterstattung: Die Mitgliedstaaten sollen bei der Umsetzung der Richtlinie zusammenarbeiten, bewährte Praktiken austauschen und der Kommission regelmäßig Bericht erstatten. Die Kommission unterstützt dies durch Leitlinien und Koordinierungsmaßnahmen.
Finanzierung: Fördermaßnahmen im Zusammenhang mit dem Ausbau der Infrastruktur sollen unter Einhaltung der staatlichen Beihilferegeln erfolgen und können durch verschiedene EU-Programme wie „Connecting Europe Facility“ (CEF) und Horizont 2020 unterstützt werden.
Betroffene Produkte und Akteure
Alternative Kraftstoffe: Elektrizität, Wasserstoff, Biokraftstoffe, Erdgas (komprimiertes CNG und flüssiges LNG), Flüssiggas (LPG) sowie synthetische Kraftstoffe.
Verkehrsträger: Personen- und Lastkraftwagen, Schiffe im Binnen- und Kurzstreckenseeverkehr, Fahrzeuge der Klasse L (z. B. Motorräder, Roller).
Infrastrukturbetreiber: Betreiber von Tankstellen, Ladepunkten, Kommunen, regionale und nationale Behörden sowie private Investoren und Unternehmen im Bereich alternative Antriebe.
Fahrzeughersteller: Berücksichtigen bei Entwicklung und Markteinführung alternativer Fahrzeuge die bestehende und zukünftige Infrastruktur.
Umsetzungszeitplan
Nationale Strategierahmen: Mitgliedstaaten sind verpflichtet, innerhalb bestimmter Fristen nach Inkrafttreten der Richtlinie ihre Strategierahmen zu erstellen und regelmäßig zu aktualisieren.
Infrastrukturaufbau: Die Anzahl und Verteilung öffentlich zugänglicher Ladepunkte und Tankstellen sind bis spätestens 2020 so auszubauen, dass ein angemessener Grad der Abdeckung insbesondere in Ballungsräumen gewährleistet ist (z. B. mindestens ein Ladepunkt pro zehn Elektrofahrzeuge).
Berichterstattung: Die Mitgliedstaaten berichten regelmäßig über die Umsetzung, sodass die Kommission den Fortschritt überwachen und bei Bedarf Anpassungen empfehlen kann.
Technologische Aktualisierungen: Die Richtlinie sieht vor, auf zukünftige Entwicklungen flexibel reagieren zu können, etwa durch Aktualisierungen zur Unterstützung neuer Lade- und Tanktechnologien.
Zusammenfassend schafft die Richtlinie 2014/94/EU den Rahmen für den europäischen Übergang zu einer nachhaltigen, emissionsarmen Mobilität durch den Aufbau einer harmonisierten Infrastruktur für alternative Kraftstoffe. Sie setzt klare Ziele und Verpflichtungen für Mitgliedstaaten und fördert Investitionen und Innovationen in diesem Bereich.
Die Richtlinie 2014/94/EU gilt für den Aufbau der Infrastruktur für alternative Kraftstoffe in der Europäischen Union, um den Verkehrssektor nachhaltiger und weniger abhängig von Erdöl zu gestalten. Sie umfasst insbesondere die Infrastruktur für alternative Kraftstoffe wie Elektrizität, Wasserstoff, Biokraftstoffe, Erdgas (komprimiertes und verflüssigtes), Flüssiggas (LPG) sowie synthetische Kraftstoffe, die als Ersatz für Diesel, Ottokraftstoff und Kerosin dienen. Die Richtlinie richtet sich auf die Unterstützung und Förderung von Ladepunkten und Tankstellen, die öffentlich zugänglich sind, und zielt auf unterschiedliche Verkehrsträger ab, darunter Straßenfahrzeuge, Schiffe und gegebenenfalls andere Verkehrsmittel. Sie berücksichtigt verschiedene Technologien, insbesondere Fahrzeuge mit Elektro- oder Brennstoffzellenantrieb, und fördert die Entwicklung einer technologieneutralen und harmonisierten Infrastruktur auf EU-Ebene unter Einbeziehung nationaler, regionaler und lokaler Strategien sowie öffentlicher und privater Investitionen.
La directive 2014/94/UE établit un cadre pour le déploiement d'infrastructures dédiées aux carburants alternatifs dans l'Union européenne, visant à réduire la dépendance aux carburants fossiles et à atténuer l'impact environnemental des transports. Elle identifie les principaux carburants alternatifs, notamment l'électricité, l'hydrogène, les biocarburants, le gaz naturel et le gaz de pétrole liquéfié (GPL), et souligne la nécessité de développer des infrastructures adaptées et harmonisées à l'échelle européenne. La directive encourage les États membres à établir des cadres d'action nationaux en coopération avec les autorités locales, le secteur privé et au besoin avec les pays voisins, afin de favoriser une couverture territoriale cohérente et transfrontalière. Elle promeut également la neutralité technologique pour ne pas freiner l'innovation. En mettant l'accent sur l'électromobilité, elle recommande l'installation de points de recharge publics adaptés, y compris dans les zones urbaines et les infrastructures de transport. La directive soutient l'utilisation de fonds européens et la coordination au niveau de l'UE pour faciliter les investissements et le développement d'un marché intégré des carburants alternatifs et de leurs infrastructures.
Objet
La directive 2014/94/UE a pour objectif principal de faciliter le déploiement d’une infrastructure harmonisée pour les carburants alternatifs dans l'Union européenne afin de réduire la dépendance des transports vis-à-vis du pétrole et d’atténuer leur impact environnemental. Elle s’inscrit dans une stratégie à long terme visant à promouvoir des carburants plus propres tels que l'électricité, l'hydrogène, le gaz naturel (GNL, GNC), le GPL, les biocarburants et autres carburants de synthèse, en favorisant une transition énergétique durable dans les transports. Cette directive répond également à la nécessité d’assurer la continuité et la compatibilité transfrontalière des infrastructures, en créant un cadre commun pour stimuler les investissements et l’innovation.
Obligations principales
Élaboration de cadres d’action nationaux : Chaque État membre doit mettre en place un cadre national coordonné définissant des objectifs chiffrés, des mesures de soutien au développement des carburants alternatifs et des infrastructures associées. Ces cadres doivent tenir compte des besoins spécifiques de chaque mode de transport et des caractéristiques géographiques et démographiques.
Déploiement d’infrastructures publiques : Les États membres doivent garantir la mise en place de points de recharge et de ravitaillement ouverts au public, notamment pour les véhicules électriques, en nombre suffisant et répartis de manière à assurer une couverture adéquate, particulièrement dans les zones urbaines et le long des grands axes de transport.
Coopération régionale et transfrontalière : Lorsqu'il est nécessaire d'assurer la continuité des infrastructures pour carburants alternatifs au-delà des frontières nationales, les États membres doivent coopérer pour développer des cadres communs ou conjoints, favorisant l'interopérabilité et l'accès non discriminatoire.
Soutien financier et réglementaire : Le déploiement de ces infrastructures peut être soutenu par les fonds européens (tels que le Mécanisme pour l’Interconnexion en Europe, Horizon 2020, Fonds structurels et d’investissement européens) ainsi que par des aides nationales conformes aux règles de l’Union relatives aux aides d’État.
Encouragement de l’innovation : La directive invite à maintenir une neutralité technologique et à adapter les normes pour intégrer des innovations futures comme la recharge sans fil, l’échange de batteries, ou d’autres technologies émergentes.
Produits et acteurs concernés
Carburants alternatifs visés : Électricité, hydrogène, gaz naturel comprimé (GNC) et gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL), gaz de pétrole liquéfié (GPL), biocarburants durables, carburants de synthèse (diesel paraffiniques, méthanol, alcools, etc.).
Infrastructures : Points de recharge pour véhicules électriques, stations de ravitaillement en gaz naturel, GPL, hydrogène et autres carburants alternatifs ouvertes au public y compris dans les zones urbaines, sur le réseau transeuropéen de transport (routes, ports, aéroports).
Acteurs impliqués : États membres, autorités régionales et locales, opérateurs privés du secteur des carburants et des infrastructures, promoteurs immobiliers (pour les infrastructures dans les parkings collectifs), institutions européennes soutenant financièrement ces initiatives.
Calendrier de mise en œuvre
Dès l’adoption (2014) : Les États membres doivent élaborer et soumettre à la Commission européenne leurs cadres nationaux d'action pour le développement des infrastructures pour carburants alternatifs.
Avant 2020 : Déploiement progressif d’un nombre suffisant de points de recharge publics pour véhicules électriques (nombre indicatif d’au moins un point pour dix véhicules électriques) et d’autres infrastructures nécessaires afin d’assurer une couverture adéquate dans les zones densément peuplées et le long des grands axes de transport.
Suivi régulier : La Commission européenne contrôle la mise en œuvre des cadres nationaux et favorise la coopération inter-étatique, l’échange de bonnes pratiques et l’adaptation des mesures aux avancées technologiques.
Révisions futures : La directive prévoit son adaptation pour intégrer l’évolution des technologies (ex. recharge sans fil, échange de batteries) afin de rester en phase avec les innovations dans le secteur des carburants alternatifs.
Cette directive joue un rôle central pour atteindre les objectifs européens en matière de décarbonation des transports et de développement durable, en assurant un marché intérieur unifié et en incitant à une mobilité plus propre à l’échelle de l’Union.
La directive 2014/94/UE s'applique au déploiement d'infrastructures pour carburants alternatifs destinés aux transports dans l'Union européenne. Elle couvre l'électricité, l'hydrogène, les biocarburants, le gaz naturel (notamment GNL et GNC) et le gaz de pétrole liquéfié (GPL) en tant que principaux carburants de substitution au pétrole. La directive vise notamment les véhicules routiers (voitures, poids lourds), les transports maritimes à courte distance, la navigation intérieure, ainsi que les infrastructures associées telles que les stations de recharge ou de ravitaillement ouvertes au public. Elle concerne aussi bien les transports urbains et suburbains que les réseaux transeuropéens (RTE-T). L'objectif est d'harmoniser l'infrastructure à l'échelle européenne, d'encourager la mobilité durable et de réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre dans tous les modes de transport, tout en favorisant la coopération entre États membres et le développement technologique.
Direktiva 2014/94/EU določa okvir za razvoj infrastrukture za alternativna goriva v Evropski uniji z namenom zmanjšanja odvisnosti od nafte in spodbujanja trajnostnega prometa. Direktiva poudarja pomen usklajenega razvoja infrastrukture za električno energijo, vodik, zemeljski plin ter utekočinjeni in stisnjeni zemeljski plin za vozila in plovila. Države članice morajo oblikovati nacionalne politike, ki določajo cilje in ukrepe za vzpostavitev omrežij javno dostopnih polnilnih in oskrbovalnih mest, pri čemer se upoštevajo lokalne potrebe in geografske posebnosti. Pri tem je pomembna tehnološka nevtralnost in spodbujanje raziskav ter inovacij. Direktiva spodbuja sodelovanje med državami ter uporabo evropskih sredstev za financiranje infrastrukture. Prav tako promovira uporabo inteligentnih merilnih sistemov za učinkovito polnjenje električnih vozil. Cilj je zagotoviti konkurenčnost in trajnostni razvoj trga alternativnih goriv ter prispevati k zmanjšanju emisij toplogrednih plinov in izboljšanju kakovosti zraka v mestnih območjih EU.
Namen
Direktiva 2014/94/EU z dne 22. oktobra 2014 ureja vzpostavitev infrastrukture za alternativna goriva v Evropski uniji. Glavni cilj je zmanjšanje odvisnosti prometa od fosilnih goriv, zlasti nafte, ter zmanjšanje emisij toplogrednih plinov in drugih onesnaževal. Direktiva spodbuja razvoj in integracijo infrastrukture za različna alternativna goriva, kot so električna energija, vodik, biogoriva, zemeljski plin, utekočinjeni naftni plin (UNP), ter pripravlja pravni okvir za njihovo uporabo na celotnem notranjem trgu EU.
Ključne obveznosti
Nacionalni okvir politike: Države članice morajo oblikovati nacionalne okvire politike, ki določajo nacionalne cilje, podporne ukrepe in načrte za razvoj trga alternativnih goriv in pripadajoče infrastrukture. Pri tem morajo upoštevati regionalne in lokalne potrebe ter sodelovati s sosednjimi državami, kjer je to potrebno.
Vzpostavitev infrastrukture: Zagotoviti je treba javno dostopno infrastrukturo za polnjenje in oskrbo vozil z alternativnimi gorivi – zlasti električnih vozil, vozil na vodik in zemeljski plin. To vključuje določitev ustreznega števila polnilnih mest glede na število registriranih električnih vozil.
Tehnološka nevtralnost in standardizacija: Direktiva spodbuja tehnološko nevtralnost, kar pomeni, da ne daje prednosti nobeni tehnologiji. V prihodnosti se bodo lahko uvajali novi standardi za tehnologije polnjenja (npr. brezžično polnjenje, menjava baterij).
Inteligentni merilni sistemi: Pri polnjenju električnih vozil se predvideva uporaba inteligentnih merilnih sistemov za optimizacijo porabe in stabilnost elektroenergetskega sistema.
Podpora zasebnemu sektorju: Države članice naj pri izvajanju ukrepov sodelujejo z zasebnim sektorjem, ki ima ključno vlogo pri razvoju infrastrukture.
Finančna podpora in usklajevanje: Komisija in države članice spodbujajo uporabo sredstev EU (npr. Instrument za povezovanje Evrope, Obzorje 2020) in zagotavljajo podporo v skladu s pravili o državni pomoči.
Pregled in poročanje: Države članice morajo redno poročati Komisiji o napredku pri izvajanju nacionalnih okvirov politike, Komisija pa bo spremljala in po potrebi posodobila direktivo.
Vplivani izdelki in akterji
Alternativna goriva: električna energija, vodik, biogoriva (v skladu z Direktivo 2009/28/ES), zemeljski plin (vključno z utekočinjenim in stisnjenim zemeljskim plinom), utekočinjeni naftni plin (UNP).
Vozila: osebna in tovorna vozila, plovila na celinskih vodah, kratkoročni morski prevoz, vozila kategorije L (npr. motorna kolesa).
Infrastruktura: polnilna in oskrbovalna mesta za alternativen pogon, vključno z javno dostopnimi in zasebnimi polnilnimi mesti, terminali na letališčih, železniških postajah in pristaniščih.
Državni organi: države članice, regionalne in lokalne oblasti, regulatorji energetskih omrežij.
Zasebni sektor: proizvajalci vozil, upravljavci polnilne infrastrukture, dobavitelji energije.
Časovni okvir implementacije
Države članice so morale nacionalne okvire politike oblikovati v določenem roku po sprejetju direktive (ponavadi v nekaj letih po 2014).
Cilji za vzpostavitev infrastrukture, zlasti za električna vozila, vključujejo prve konkretne sheme do leta 2020, na primer eno polnilno mesto na 10 električnih vozil.
Direktiva predvideva stalno spremljanje tehnološkega razvoja in omogoča posodobitve zakonodaje glede novih tehnologij (npr. brezžično polnjenje).
Komisija redno ocenjuje izvajanje in vpliv direktive ter lahko predlaga spremembe za prilagajanje tržnim in tehnološkim spremembam.
Direktiva 2014/94/EU je ključni instrument EU za spodbujanje prehoda na trajnostna goriva v prometu, za zagotavljanje ustrezne infrastrukture in za doseganje okoljskih in energetskih ciljev Unije.
Direktiva 2014/94/EU se nanaša na vzpostavitev infrastrukture za alternativna goriva znotraj Evropske unije. Uvaja standarde in spodbujevalne ukrepe za različne vrste alternativnih goriv, kot so električna energija, vodik, biogoriva, zemeljski plin in utekočinjeni naftni plin (UNP), ki lahko nadomestijo fosilna goriva v prometu. Direktorat se uporablja za cestni promet, vključno z osebnimi in tovorni vozili, pa tudi za nekatere oblike plovbe po celinskih vodah in kratke pomorske poti. Cilj je zagotoviti javno dostopno in tehnološko nevtralno infrastrukturo za polnjenje oziroma oskrbo teh goriv, zlasti v mestnih območjih in ob prometnih poteh, ter razviti usklajene nacionalne politike in pravila za podporo razvoju trga alternativnih goriv ter zmanjšati okoljski vpliv prometa in odvisnost od nafte.
General Information
This document specifies requirements for the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of stations for fuelling liquefied natural gas (LNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices. This document also specifies the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of fuelling stations using LNG as an onsite source for supplying compressed natural gas (CNG) to vehicles, commonly referred to as liquefied-to-compressed natural gas (LCNG) fuelling stations, including safety and control devices of the station and specific LCNG fuelling station equipment.
NOTE Specific CNG equipment is dealt with in ISO 16923.
This document is applicable to fuelling stations receiving LNG and other liquefied methane-rich gases such as bio LNG which comply with local applicable gas composition regulations or with the gas quality requirements of ISO 13686.
This document covers all equipment from the LNG storage tank unloading connection up to (but not including) the fuelling nozzle on the vehicle. The LNG storage tank unloading connection itself and the vehicle fuelling nozzle are not covered in this document.
This document applies to fuelling stations having the following characteristics:
private access;
public access (self-service or assisted);
metered dispensing and non-metered dispensing;
fuelling stations with fixed LNG storage;
fuelling stations with mobile LNG storage;
movable fuelling stations;
mobile fuelling stations;
multi-fuel stations.
This document does not apply to:
equipment, piping, or tubing downstream of the gas pressure regulator for closed boil-off gas systems;
liquefaction equipment.
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This document specifies requirements for the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of stations for fuelling compressed natural gas (CNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices up to the fuelling nozzle to the vehicle.
This document applies to fuelling stations supplied with natural gas as defined in local applicable gas composition regulations or ISO 13686. It also applies to other gases meeting these requirements.
This document also applies to portions of a fuelling station where natural gas is in a gaseous state and dispensing CNG derived from liquefied natural gas (LCNG) according to ISO 16924.
This document covers all equipment for downstream gas supply connection (i.e. point of separation between the CNG fuelling station piping and the pipeline network). Fuelling station nozzle are not defined in this document.
This document covers fuelling stations with the following characteristics:
— slow fill;
— fast fill;
— private access;
— public access (self-service or assisted);
— fuelling stations with fixed storage;
— fuelling stations with mobile storage (daughter station);
— multi-fuel stations.
This document is not applicable to vehicle to vehicle transfer or vehicle refuelling appliances (VRA).
NOTE This document is based on the condition that the gas entering the fuelling station is odorized. For unodorized gas fuelling stations, additional safety requirements are included in Clause 10.
- Standard57 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
The IEC 63382 series specifies the management of distributed energy storage systems, composed of electrically chargeable vehicle batteries (ECV-DESS), which are handled by an aggregator/flexibility operator (FO) to provide energy flexibility services to grid operators.
Aggregator and flexibility operator have the same meaning in the context of this document and represent the entity which aggregates a number of other network users (e.g. energy consumers, prosumers, DERs) bundling energy consumption or generation assets into manageable sizes for the energy system.
The aggregator/FO communicates with the charging station (CS) backend system, which is typically the system platform (HW, SW and HMI) of either a charging station operator (CSO), or a charging service provider (CSP).
The purpose of the data exchange is to perform flexibility services, and it takes place between the aggregator/FO and a dedicated interface located in the CS backend system, which has been defined FCSBE, flexibility port at the charging station backend.
This part of IEC 63382 describes the technical characteristics and architectures of ECV-DESS, including:
– EV charging stations configurations, comprising several AC-EVSEs and/or DC-EVSEs;
– individual EVs connected to grid via an EVSE and managed by an aggregator/FO.
The focus of this document is on the interface between the FO and the FCSBE and the data exchange at this interface, necessary to perform energy flexibility services (FS).
The FO/aggregator converts grid services and/or grid support functions requested by the grid operators (DSOs or TSOs) into multiple flexibility services to be provided by a number of CSs, utilizing their own optimization and resource allocation algorithms.
Communication between FO and grid operators (DSO, TSO), optimization algorithms adopted by FO, flexibility service bidding procedures are out of scope of this document.
The data exchange between FO and FCSBE typically includes:
– flexibility service request and response;
– flexibility services parameters;
– EV charging station configuration and technical capabilities;
– credentials check of parties involved in the flexibility service;
– FS execution related notifications;
– event log, detailed service record, proof of work.
The exchange of credentials has the purpose to identify, authenticate and authorize the actors involved in the flexibility service transaction, to check the validity of a FS contract and to verify the technical capabilities of the system EV + CS, and conformity to applicable technical standards to provide the requested flexibility service.
This document also describes the technical requirements of ECV-DESS, the use cases, the information exchange between the EV charging station operator (CSO) and the aggregator/FO, including both technical and business data.
It covers many aspects associated to the operation of ECV-DESS, including:
– privacy issues consequent to GDPR application (general data protection regulation);
– cybersecurity issues;
– grid code requirements, as set in national guidelines, to include ancillary services, mandatory functions and remunerated services;
– grid functions associated to V2G operation, including new services, as fast frequency response;
– authentication/authorization/transactions relative to charging sessions, including roaming, pricing and metering information;
– management of energy transfers and reporting, including information interchange, related to power/energy exchange, contractual data, metering data;
– demand response, as smart charging (V1G).
It makes a distinction between mandatory grid functions and market driven services, taking into account the functions which are embedded in the FW control of DER smart inverters.
This document deals with use cases, requirements and architectures of the ECV-DESSs with the associated EV charging stations.
Some classes of energy flexibility services (FS) have been identified and illustrated in dedic
- Standard200 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62196-2:2025 applies to EV plugs, EV socket-outlets, vehicle connectors and vehicle inlets with pins and contact-tubes of standardized configurations, herein referred to as "accessories". These accessories have a nominal rated operating voltage not exceeding 480 V AC, 50 Hz to 60 Hz, and a rated current not exceeding 63 A three phase or 70 A single phase, for use in conductive charging of electric vehicles. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2022. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) addition of new tests for latching devices; b) corrections to standard sheets.
- Draft74 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62196-1:2025 is applicable to EV plugs, EV socket-outlets, vehicle connectors, vehicle inlets, herein referred to as "accessories", and to cable assemblies for electric vehicles (EV) intended for use in conductive charging systems which incorporate control means, with a rated operating voltage not exceeding - 690 V AC 50 Hz to 60 Hz, at a rated current not exceeding 250 A, and - 1 500 V DC at a rated current not exceeding 800 A. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2022. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) addition of new tests for latching devices and retaining means; b) inclusion of type 4 accessories.
- Draft110 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of stations for fuelling liquefied natural gas (LNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices. This document also specifies the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of fuelling stations using LNG as an onsite source for supplying compressed natural gas (CNG) to vehicles, commonly referred to as liquefied-to-compressed natural gas (LCNG) fuelling stations, including safety and control devices of the station and specific LCNG fuelling station equipment.
NOTE Specific CNG equipment is dealt with in ISO 16923.
This document is applicable to fuelling stations receiving LNG and other liquefied methane-rich gases such as bio LNG which comply with local applicable gas composition regulations or with the gas quality requirements of ISO 13686.
This document covers all equipment from the LNG storage tank unloading connection up to (but not including) the fuelling nozzle on the vehicle. The LNG storage tank unloading connection itself and the vehicle fuelling nozzle are not covered in this document.
This document applies to fuelling stations having the following characteristics:
private access;
public access (self-service or assisted);
metered dispensing and non-metered dispensing;
fuelling stations with fixed LNG storage;
fuelling stations with mobile LNG storage;
movable fuelling stations;
mobile fuelling stations;
multi-fuel stations.
This document does not apply to:
equipment, piping, or tubing downstream of the gas pressure regulator for closed boil-off gas systems;
liquefaction equipment.
- Standard92 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for the design, construction, operation, maintenance and inspection of stations for fuelling compressed natural gas (CNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices up to the fuelling nozzle to the vehicle.
This document applies to fuelling stations supplied with natural gas as defined in local applicable gas composition regulations or ISO 13686. It also applies to other gases meeting these requirements.
This document also applies to portions of a fuelling station where natural gas is in a gaseous state and dispensing CNG derived from liquefied natural gas (LCNG) according to ISO 16924.
This document covers all equipment for downstream gas supply connection (i.e. point of separation between the CNG fuelling station piping and the pipeline network). Fuelling station nozzle are not defined in this document.
This document covers fuelling stations with the following characteristics:
— slow fill;
— fast fill;
— private access;
— public access (self-service or assisted);
— fuelling stations with fixed storage;
— fuelling stations with mobile storage (daughter station);
— multi-fuel stations.
This document is not applicable to vehicle to vehicle transfer or vehicle refuelling appliances (VRA).
NOTE This document is based on the condition that the gas entering the fuelling station is odorized. For unodorized gas fuelling stations, additional safety requirements are included in Clause 10.
- Standard57 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the test procedures for lithium-ion battery packs and systems used in electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles.
The specified test procedures enable the user of this document to determine the essential characteristics on performance and safety of lithium-ion battery packs and systems. It is also possible to compare the test results achieved for different battery packs or systems.
This document enables setting up a dedicated test plan for an individual battery pack or system subject to an agreement between customer and supplier. If required, the relevant test procedures and/or test conditions of lithium-ion battery packs and systems are selected from the standard tests provided in this document to configure a dedicated test plan.
NOTE 1 Electrically power-assisted cycles (EPAC) cannot be considered as mopeds. The definition of electrically power-assisted cycles can differ from country to country. An example of definition can be found in Reference [7].
NOTE 2 Testing on cell level is specified in the IEC 62660 series.
- Standard55 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63382-1:2025 series specifies the management of distributed energy storage systems, composed of electrically chargeable vehicle batteries (ECV-DESS), which are handled by an aggregator/flexibility operator (FO) to provide energy flexibility services to grid operators. IEC 63382-1:2025 describes the technical characteristics and architectures of ECV-DESS, including: – EV charging stations configurations, comprising several AC-EVSEs and/or DC-EVSEs; – individual EVs connected to grid via an EVSE and managed by an aggregator/FO. The focus of this document is on the interface between the FO and the FCSBE and the data exchange at this interface, necessary to perform energy flexibility services (FS). The data exchange between FO and FCSBE typically includes: – flexibility service request and response; – flexibility services parameters; – EV charging station configuration and technical capabilities; – credentials check of parties involved in the flexibility service; – FS execution related notifications; – event log, detailed service record, proof of work. The exchange of credentials has the purpose to identify, authenticate and authorize the actors involved in the flexibility service transaction, to check the validity of a FS contract and to verify the technical capabilities of the system EV + CS, and conformity to applicable technical standards to provide the requested flexibility service. This document also describes the technical requirements of ECV-DESS, the use cases, the information exchange between the EV charging station operator (CSO) and the aggregator/FO, including both technical and business data. It covers many aspects associated to the operation of ECV-DESS, including: – privacy issues consequent to GDPR application (general data protection regulation); – cybersecurity issues; – grid code requirements, as set in national guidelines, to include ancillary services, mandatory functions and remunerated services; – grid functions associated to V2G operation, including new services, as fast frequency response; – authentication/authorization/transactions relative to charging sessions, including roaming, pricing and metering information; – management of energy transfers and reporting, including information interchange, related to power/energy exchange, contractual data, metering data; – demand response, as smart charging (V1G). It makes a distinction between mandatory grid functions and market driven services, taking into account the functions which are embedded in the FW control of DER smart inverters. This document deals with use cases, requirements and architectures of the ECV-DESSs with the associated EV charging stations. Some classes of energy flexibility services (FS) have been identified and illustrated in dedicated use cases: – following a dynamic setpoint from FO; – automatic execution of a droop curve provided by FO, according to local measurements of frequency, voltage and power; – demand response tasks, stimulated by price signals from FO; – fast frequency response. Furthermore, some other more specific flexibility service use cases include: – V2G for tertiary control with reserve market; – V2H with dynamic pricing linked to the wholesale market price; – distribution grid congestion by EV charging and discharging. FS are performed under flexibility service contracts (FSC) which can be stipulated
- Standard200 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the test procedures for lithium-ion battery packs and systems used in electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles.
The specified test procedures enable the user of this document to determine the essential characteristics on performance and safety of lithium-ion battery packs and systems. It is also possible to compare the test results achieved for different battery packs or systems.
This document enables setting up a dedicated test plan for an individual battery pack or system subject to an agreement between customer and supplier. If required, the relevant test procedures and/or test conditions of lithium-ion battery packs and systems are selected from the standard tests provided in this document to configure a dedicated test plan.
NOTE 1 Electrically power-assisted cycles (EPAC) cannot be considered as mopeds. The definition of electrically power-assisted cycles can differ from country to country. An example of definition can be found in Reference [7].
NOTE 2 Testing on cell level is specified in the IEC 62660 series.
- Standard55 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for methanol bunkering transfer systems to and from inland navigation vessels. The various scenarios for the bunker facility operator concern land, truck and vessel (barge). It concerns design, dimensions and technical requirements for the transfer of methanol, including the nozzle, connection, inner and outer flanges and failsafe features.
This document also specifies the process and procedures for the bunkering operations, as well as responsibilities and risk assessment scope, taking into consideration the specific hazards in handling and bunkering methanol fuel. Next to this, the requirement for the methanol provider to provide a bunker delivery note and training and qualification of personnel involved.
This document is not applicable to cargo operations.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the design, safety and operation characteristics of gaseous hydrogen land vehicle (GHLV) refuelling connectors.
GHLV refuelling connectors consist of the following components, as applicable:
— receptacle and protective cap (mounted on vehicle);
— nozzle;
— communication hardware.
This document is applicable to refuelling connectors which have nominal working pressures or hydrogen service levels up to 70 MPa and maximum flow rates up to 120 g/s.
This document is not applicable to refuelling connectors dispensing blends of hydrogen with natural gas.
- Standard64 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies requirements for methanol bunkering transfer systems to and from inland navigation vessels. The various scenarios for the bunker facility operator concern land, truck and vessel (barge). It concerns design, dimensions and technical requirements for the transfer of methanol, including the nozzle, connection, inner and outer flanges and failsafe features.
This document also specifies the process and procedures for the bunkering operations, as well as responsibilities and risk assessment scope, taking into consideration the specific hazards in handling and bunkering methanol fuel. Next to this, the requirement for the methanol provider to provide a bunker delivery note and training and qualification of personnel involved.
This document is not applicable to cargo operations.
- Standard26 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62840-2:2025 provides the safety requirements for a battery swap system, for the purposes of swapping swappable battery system (SBS)/handheld-swappable battery system (HBS) of electric vehicles. The battery swap system is intended to be connected to the supply network. The power supply is up to 1 000 V AC or up to 1 500 V DC in accordance with IEC 60038. This document also applies to battery swap systems supplied from on-site storage systems (e.g. buffer batteries).
Aspects covered in this document:
• safety requirements of the battery swap system and its systems;
• security requirements for communication;
• electromagnetic compatibility (EMC);
• marking and instructions;
• protection against electric shock and other hazards.
This document is applicable to battery swap systems for EV equipped with one or more SBS/HBS.
This document is not applicable to
• aspects related to maintenance and service of the battery swap station (BSS),
• trolley buses, rail vehicles and vehicles designed primarily for use off-road, and
• maintenance and service of EVs.
Requirements for bidirectional energy transfer are under consideration
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) expands the scope to encompass both swappable battery systems (SBS) and handheld swappable battery systems (HBS);
b) introduces stricter interoperability requirements through detailed system interface specifications and defined state transition protocols;
c) enhances data security by defining safety message transmission protocols and integrating telecom network requirements;
d) increases electrical safety protection levels for battery swap stations (BSS) with specified capacitor discharge time limits to mitigate electric shock risks;
e) introduces enhanced mechanical safety requirements for automated battery handling systems, with technical alignment to ISO 10218-1 and ISO 10218-2;
f) strengthens overload and short-circuit protection for BSS through standardized testing methods and overcurrent protection specifications;
g) defines upgraded electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards to ensure system resilience against external interference, supplemented with EMC-related functional safety measures.
This document is to be read in conjunction with IEC 62840-1:2025.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the infrastructure part defined in Figure 1 and Figure A.2 of the conducted ground based feeding systems and their interfaces.
The charging infrastructure can be used for charging all road vehicle types at standstill or in motion.
This document covers the following aspects:
- interaction between the ground based feeding systems and ERS vehicles;
- electrical safety and stray current protection (in case of DC electric traction power supply systems);
- environmental requirements;
- validation requirements.
This document defines the interfaces between:
- the ground based feeding system and the grid;
- the infrastructure of the ground based feeding system and the on-board current collector devices of the vehicles including the specificities according to the different interface types.
This document is not applicable to the on-board part of the conducted ground based feeding systems.
This document is not applicable to motorcycles (including tricycles and quadricycles).
This document is not applicable to vehicles or electric buses with dynamic or static inductive charging systems and related power supplies.
This document is not applicable to vehicles or electric buses with dynamic or static conductive charging systems through overhead lines.
This document does not apply for charging stations with only a plug-in solution.
- Technical specification21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62840-2:2025 provides the safety requirements for a battery swap system, for the purposes of swapping swappable battery system (SBS)/handheld-swappable battery system (HBS) of electric vehicles. The battery swap system is intended to be connected to the supply network. The power supply is up to 1 000 V AC or up to 1 500 V DC in accordance with IEC 60038. This document also applies to battery swap systems supplied from on-site storage systems (e.g. buffer batteries). Aspects covered in this document: • safety requirements of the battery swap system and its systems; • security requirements for communication; • electromagnetic compatibility (EMC); • marking and instructions; • protection against electric shock and other hazards. This document is applicable to battery swap systems for EV equipped with one or more SBS/HBS. This document is not applicable to • aspects related to maintenance and service of the battery swap station (BSS), • trolley buses, rail vehicles and vehicles designed primarily for use off-road, and • maintenance and service of EVs. Requirements for bidirectional energy transfer are under consideration This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) expands the scope to encompass both swappable battery systems (SBS) and handheld swappable battery systems (HBS); b) introduces stricter interoperability requirements through detailed system interface specifications and defined state transition protocols; c) enhances data security by defining safety message transmission protocols and integrating telecom network requirements; d) increases electrical safety protection levels for battery swap stations (BSS) with specified capacitor discharge time limits to mitigate electric shock risks; e) introduces enhanced mechanical safety requirements for automated battery handling systems, with technical alignment to ISO 10218-1 and ISO 10218-2; f) strengthens overload and short-circuit protection for BSS through standardized testing methods and overcurrent protection specifications; g) defines upgraded electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards to ensure system resilience against external interference, supplemented with EMC-related functional safety measures. This document is to be read in conjunction with IEC 62840-1:2025.
- Standard49 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63119-1:2025 establishes a basis for the other parts of IEC 63119, specifying the terms and definitions, general description of the system model, classification, information exchange and security mechanisms for roaming between EV charging service providers (CSPs), charging station operators (CSOs) and clearing house platforms through roaming endpoints. It provides an overview and describes the general requirements of the EV roaming service system. The IEC 63119 series is applicable to high-level communication involved in information exchange/interaction between different CSPs, as well as between a CSP and a CSO with or without a clearing house platform through the roaming endpoint. The IEC 63119 series does not specify the information exchange, either between the charging station (CS) and the charging station operator (CSO), or between the EV and the CS. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2019.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the scope is expanded to include differentiation between home and visited service provider roles and adds an explicit definition of roaming entity;
b) adds definitions for "home charging service provider (home-CSP)", "visited charging station operator (visited-CSO)", and "charging detail record (CDR)", and expands related terms such as "service" and "roaming entity";
c) introduces abbreviation variants for "home-CSP" and "visited-CSO" in the terminology, aligning with North American and European conventions;
d) updates the communication protocol stack by adopting a newer TLS version (upgraded from 1.2 to 1.3);
e) system architecture and communication interfaces include detailed interactions between home-CSP and visited-CSO;
f) adds a definition for "service" to cover a broader range of applications such as parking and reservation management;
g) adds a distinction between "charging detail record (CDR)" and "service detail record (SDR)" and clarifies their relationship in the terminology;
h) enhances the description of user credential transfer methods in communication interfaces with greater diversity;
i) enhances the description of the mixed mode in the classification of roaming service models, emphasizing improved user experience through faster response times.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63380-3:2025 defines the secure information exchange between local energy management systems and electric vehicle charging stations. The local energy management systems communicate to the charging station controllers via the resource manager.
This document specifies the application of relevant transport protocols; in this case, SPINE (smart premises interoperable neutral-message exchange), SHIP (smart home IP), and ECHONET Lite. Other communication protocols can be defined in future editions
- Standard184 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63380-2:2025 defines the secure information exchange between local energy management systems and electric vehicle charging stations. The local energy management systems communicate to the charging station controllers via the resource manager. This document maps the generic use case functions defined in IEC 63380-1 to specific data model. This edition of this document defines specifically SPINE Resources and ECHONET Lite Resources mapped from the high-level use case functions defined in IEC 63380-1.
- Standard202 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63380-3:2025 defines the secure information exchange between local energy management systems and electric vehicle charging stations. The local energy management systems communicate to the charging station controllers via the resource manager. This document specifies the application of relevant transport protocols; in this case, SPINE (smart premises interoperable neutral-message exchange), SHIP (smart home IP), and ECHONET Lite. Other communication protocols can be defined in future editions
- Standard184 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63119-1:2025 establishes a basis for the other parts of IEC 63119, specifying the terms and definitions, general description of the system model, classification, information exchange and security mechanisms for roaming between EV charging service providers (CSPs), charging station operators (CSOs) and clearing house platforms through roaming endpoints. It provides an overview and describes the general requirements of the EV roaming service system. The IEC 63119 series is applicable to high-level communication involved in information exchange/interaction between different CSPs, as well as between a CSP and a CSO with or without a clearing house platform through the roaming endpoint. The IEC 63119 series does not specify the information exchange, either between the charging station (CS) and the charging station operator (CSO), or between the EV and the CS. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2019. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the scope is expanded to include differentiation between home and visited service provider roles and adds an explicit definition of roaming entity; b) adds definitions for "home charging service provider (home-CSP)", "visited charging station operator (visited-CSO)", and "charging detail record (CDR)", and expands related terms such as "service" and "roaming entity"; c) introduces abbreviation variants for "home-CSP" and "visited-CSO" in the terminology, aligning with North American and European conventions; d) updates the communication protocol stack by adopting a newer TLS version (upgraded from 1.2 to 1.3); e) system architecture and communication interfaces include detailed interactions between home-CSP and visited-CSO; f) adds a definition for "service" to cover a broader range of applications such as parking and reservation management; g) adds a distinction between "charging detail record (CDR)" and "service detail record (SDR)" and clarifies their relationship in the terminology; h) enhances the description of user credential transfer methods in communication interfaces with greater diversity; i) enhances the description of the mixed mode in the classification of roaming service models, emphasizing improved user experience through faster response times.
- Standard16 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63380-2:2025 defines the secure information exchange between local energy management systems and electric vehicle charging stations. The local energy management systems communicate to the charging station controllers via the resource manager. This document maps the generic use case functions defined in IEC 63380-1 to specific data model. This edition of this document defines specifically SPINE Resources and ECHONET Lite Resources mapped from the high-level use case functions defined in IEC 63380-1.
- Standard202 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the infrastructure part defined in Figure 1 and Figure A.2 of the conducted ground based feeding systems and their interfaces. The charging infrastructure can be used for charging all road vehicle types at standstill or in motion. This document covers the following aspects: - interaction between the ground based feeding systems and ERS vehicles; - electrical safety and stray current protection (in case of DC electric traction power supply systems); - environmental requirements; - validation requirements. This document defines the interfaces between: - the ground based feeding system and the grid; - the infrastructure of the ground based feeding system and the on-board current collector devices of the vehicles including the specificities according to the different interface types. This document is not applicable to the on-board part of the conducted ground based feeding systems. This document is not applicable to motorcycles (including tricycles and quadricycles). This document is not applicable to vehicles or electric buses with dynamic or static inductive charging systems and related power supplies. This document is not applicable to vehicles or electric buses with dynamic or static conductive charging systems through overhead lines. This document does not apply for charging stations with only a plug-in solution.
- Technical specification21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the design, safety and operation characteristics of gaseous hydrogen land vehicle (GHLV) refuelling connectors.
GHLV refuelling connectors consist of the following components, as applicable:
— receptacle and protective cap (mounted on vehicle);
— nozzle;
— communication hardware.
This document is applicable to refuelling connectors which have nominal working pressures or hydrogen service levels up to 70 MPa and maximum flow rates up to 120 g/s.
This document is not applicable to refuelling connectors dispensing blends of hydrogen with natural gas.
- Standard64 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62840-1:2025 gives the general overview for battery swap systems, for the purposes of swapping batteries of electric road vehicles when the vehicle powertrain is turned off and when the battery swap system is connected to the supply network at standard supply voltages according to IEC 60038 with a rated voltage up to 1 000 V AC and up to 1 500 V DC.
This document is applicable for battery swap systems for EV equipped with one or more
– swappable battery systems (SBS), or
– handheld-swappable battery systems (HBS).
This document provides guidance for interoperability.
This document applies to
• battery swap systems supplied from on-site storage systems (for example buffer batteries etc),
• manual, mechanically assisted and automatic systems,
• battery swap systems intended to supply SBS/HBS having communication allowing to identify the battery system characteristics, and
• battery swap systems intended to be installed at an altitude of up to 2 000 m.
This document is not applicable to
• aspects related to maintenance and service of the battery swap station (BSS),
• trolley buses, rail vehicles and vehicles designed primarily for use off-road,
• maintenance and service of EVs,
• safety requirements for mechanical equipment covered by the ISO 10218 series,
• locking compartments systems providing AC socket-outlets for the use of manufacturer specific voltage converter units and manufacturer specific battery systems,
• electrical devices and components, which are covered by their specific product standards,
• any fix-installed equipment of EV, which is covered by ISO, and
• EMC requirements for on-board equipment of EV while connected to the BSS.
This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 61280-1 published in 2016.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 61280-1:2016:
a) expanded scope to include handheld-swappable battery systems (HBS) and guidance on interoperability;
b) added definitions for "handheld-swappable battery system" (HBS) and expanded related terms such as "SBS/HBS coupler," "SBS/HBS charger," etc;
c) added classifications based on supply network characteristics, connection method, access and type of BSS;
d) added support for HBS, detailing the different compositions and workflows for type A (SBS) and type B (HBS) battery swap stations;
e) added requirements for functional interoperability, interface interoperability, data interoperability, operational interoperability, compatibility with legacy systems, and scalability;
f) added requirements for communication, protection against electric shock, specific requirements for accessories), cable assembly requirements, BSS constructional requirements, overload and short circuit protection, EMC, emergency switching or disconnect, marking and instructions;
g) expanded annex content, adding solutions for manual swapping stations for motorcycles with HBS and updating use cases.
- Standard37 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 62840-1:2025 gives the general overview for battery swap systems, for the purposes of swapping batteries of electric road vehicles when the vehicle powertrain is turned off and when the battery swap system is connected to the supply network at standard supply voltages according to IEC 60038 with a rated voltage up to 1 000 V AC and up to 1 500 V DC. This document is applicable for battery swap systems for EV equipped with one or more – swappable battery systems (SBS), or – handheld-swappable battery systems (HBS). This document provides guidance for interoperability. This document applies to • battery swap systems supplied from on-site storage systems (for example buffer batteries etc), • manual, mechanically assisted and automatic systems, • battery swap systems intended to supply SBS/HBS having communication allowing to identify the battery system characteristics, and • battery swap systems intended to be installed at an altitude of up to 2 000 m. This document is not applicable to • aspects related to maintenance and service of the battery swap station (BSS), • trolley buses, rail vehicles and vehicles designed primarily for use off-road, • maintenance and service of EVs, • safety requirements for mechanical equipment covered by the ISO 10218 series, • locking compartments systems providing AC socket-outlets for the use of manufacturer specific voltage converter units and manufacturer specific battery systems, • electrical devices and components, which are covered by their specific product standards, • any fix-installed equipment of EV, which is covered by ISO, and • EMC requirements for on-board equipment of EV while connected to the BSS. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TS 61280-1 published in 2016. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TS 61280-1:2016: a) expanded scope to include handheld-swappable battery systems (HBS) and guidance on interoperability; b) added definitions for "handheld-swappable battery system" (HBS) and expanded related terms such as "SBS/HBS coupler," "SBS/HBS charger," etc; c) added classifications based on supply network characteristics, connection method, access and type of BSS; d) added support for HBS, detailing the different compositions and workflows for type A (SBS) and type B (HBS) battery swap stations; e) added requirements for functional interoperability, interface interoperability, data interoperability, operational interoperability, compatibility with legacy systems, and scalability; f) added requirements for communication, protection against electric shock, specific requirements for accessories), cable assembly requirements, BSS constructional requirements, overload and short circuit protection, EMC, emergency switching or disconnect, marking and instructions; g) expanded annex content, adding solutions for manual swapping stations for motorcycles with HBS and updating use cases.
- Standard37 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63380-1:2025 defines the secure information exchange between local energy management systems and electric vehicle charging stations. The local energy management systems communicate to the charging station controllers via the resource manager.
This document specifies use cases, the sequences of information exchange and generic data models.
- Standard157 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
IEC 63380-1:2025 defines the secure information exchange between local energy management systems and electric vehicle charging stations. The local energy management systems communicate to the charging station controllers via the resource manager. This document specifies use cases, the sequences of information exchange and generic data models.
- Standard157 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document lays down harmonized identifiers for marketed liquid and gaseous fuels. The requirements in this document are to complement the informational needs of users regarding the compatibility between the fuels and the vehicles that are placed on the market. The identifier is intended to be visualized at dispensers and refuelling points, on vehicles, in motor vehicle dealerships and in consumer manuals as described in this document.
Marketed fuels include for example petroleum-derived fuels, synthetic fuels, biofuels, natural gas, LPG, hydrogen and biogas and blends of the aforementioned delivered to mobile applications.
NOTE For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, φ.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document lays down harmonized identifiers for marketed liquid and gaseous fuels. The requirements in this document are to complement the informational needs of users regarding the compatibility between the fuels and the vehicles that are placed on the market. The identifier is intended to be visualized at dispensers and refuelling points, on vehicles, in motor vehicle dealerships and in consumer manuals as described in this document.
Marketed fuels include for example petroleum-derived fuels, synthetic fuels, biofuels, natural gas, LPG, hydrogen and biogas and blends of the aforementioned delivered to mobile applications.
NOTE For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, φ.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a harmonized unloading connector for LNG road tanker at LNG fuelling stations. This document is also applicable to LNG RID applications. While LNG is also transported by rail, European regulations are organized through the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail (RID). The same configuration as defined by this document, can be utilized. This document includes requirements for (at least):
- functional description of the LNG unloading receptacle and LNG unloading nozzle;
- technical layout description of the LNG unloading receptacle.
The technical layout description of the LNG unloading nozzle is not part of this document.
The basic functional requirement of the LNG unloading connector are as follows:
- to prevent leakage of methane during operation and in particular during disconnecting;
- easy handling, no spillage and purging with nitrogen during disconnecting.
The loading connector between the LNG road tanker and the LNG terminal is not covered by this document.
See Figure 1.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the minimum safety interface requirement for the unloading stop system between the LNG road tanker and LNG fuelling station.
This document consists of two main topics:
- functional description of the unloading stop system;
- technical layout description of the unloading stop system.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the minimum requirements to ensure the interoperability of hydrogen refuelling points, including refuelling protocols that dispense gaseous hydrogen to road vehicles (e.g. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles) that comply with legislation applicable to such vehicles.
The safety and performance requirements for the entire hydrogen fuelling station, addressed in accordance with existing relevant European and national legislation, are not included in this document.
This document applies to hydrogen refuelling points dispensing gaseous hydrogen to vehicles compliant with UN R134 (Regulation No. 134), UN R134 or Regulation (EC) No 79/2009.
NOTE 1 Guidance on considerations for hydrogen fuelling stations is provided in ISO 19880 1:2020.
NOTE 2 Units used in this document follow SI (International System of Units).
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies a harmonized unloading connector for LNG road tanker at LNG fuelling stations. This document is also applicable to LNG RID applications. While LNG is also transported by rail, European regulations are organized through the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail (RID). The same configuration as defined by this document, can be utilized. This document includes requirements for (at least):
- functional description of the LNG unloading receptacle and LNG unloading nozzle;
- technical layout description of the LNG unloading receptacle.
The technical layout description of the LNG unloading nozzle is not part of this document.
The basic functional requirement of the LNG unloading connector are as follows:
- to prevent leakage of methane during operation and in particular during disconnecting;
- easy handling, no spillage and purging with nitrogen during disconnecting.
The loading connector between the LNG road tanker and the LNG terminal is not covered by this document.
See Figure 1.
- Standard21 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the minimum safety interface requirement for the unloading stop system between the LNG road tanker and LNG fuelling station.
This document consists of two main topics:
- functional description of the unloading stop system;
- technical layout description of the unloading stop system.
- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document defines the minimum requirements to ensure the interoperability of hydrogen refuelling points, including refuelling protocols that dispense gaseous hydrogen to road vehicles (e.g. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles) that comply with legislation applicable to such vehicles.
The safety and performance requirements for the entire hydrogen fuelling station, addressed in accordance with existing relevant European and national legislation, are not included in this document.
This document applies to hydrogen refuelling points dispensing gaseous hydrogen to vehicles compliant with UN R134 (Regulation No. 134), UN R134 or Regulation (EC) No 79/2009.
NOTE 1 Guidance on considerations for hydrogen fuelling stations is provided in ISO 19880 1:2020.
NOTE 2 Units used in this document follow SI (International System of Units).
- Standard19 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series (in a first step as Technical Specification for three-year period) together with part 1 of IEC61851-3, applies to the d.c. power supply equipment (e.g. VCU) for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and an light electric road vehicle when connected to the supply network , with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c.
The supply systems described in the IEC 61851-3 series are primarily intended for the use by EVs of category L hereinafter referred to as light electric vehicles (light EVs).
NOTE 1 Light EV includes all electrically propelled two and three wheeled vehicles of Category L1 up to Category L7 according to the definition of ECE-TRANS-WP29-78r2e and all electrically propelled or assisted cycles.
The electrical protection of the complete light EV supply system from the connection to the supply network up to the light EV or removed RESS complies with protective separation and with galvanic separation between a.c. input and d.c. output or class III.
- Technical specification38 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series (in a first step as Technical Specification for three-year period) together with part 1 of IEC61851-3, applies to communication for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and a light electric road vehicle or a removable RESS or traction-battery of a light electric road vehicle, with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c..
Energy management system for control of power transfer between battery systems and voltage converter units specifies the communication for all devices that may take part in energy management control. Such energy control applications may be implemented in e.g. light electric vehicles, robots, offshore parks, isolated farms, etc.
This part of IEC 61851-3 series provides specifications with regard to the pre-defined communication parameters and general application objects.
- Technical specification176 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series (in a first step as Technical Specification for three-year period) together with part 1 of IEC 61851-3, applies to communication for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and a light electric road vehicle or a removable RESS or traction-battery of a light electric road vehicle, with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c..
Energy management system for control of power transfer between battery systems and voltage converter units specifies the communication for all devices that may take part in energy management control.
The basic application profile for energy management systems consists of the following parts:
Part 3-4: General definitions for communication; Part 3-5: Pre-defined communication parameters and general application objects; Part 3-6: Voltage converter unit communication;
Part 3-7: Battery system communication.
- Technical specification106 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series (in a first step as Technical Specification for three-year period) together with part 1 of IEC 61851, applies to the equipment for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and an electric road vehicle when connected to the supply network, supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated output voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c..The supply systems described in the IEC 61851-3 series are primarily intended for the use by electric road vehicles of category L hereinafter referred to as light electric vehicles (light Evs).
NOTE 1 Light EV includes all electrically propelled two and three wheeled vehicles of Category L1 up to Category L7 according to the definition of ECE-TRANS-WP29-78r2e and all electrically propelled or assisted cycles.Light electric road vehicles (light EVs) imply all road vehicles, including plug-in hybrid road vehicles (PHEV), that derive all or part of their energy from on-board rechargeable energy storage systems, (RESS), including traction batteries.The electrical protection of the complete light EV supply system from the connection to the supply network up to the light EV or removed RESS complies with protective separation between mains and d.c. and with galvanic separation between mains and d.c. or class III.Supplementary requirements for output voltages over 60 V d.c. are given in this document.Supplementary requirements for Class III equipment with output voltages over 15 V d.c. and over 6 V a.c. are given in this document.Requirements for bidirectional energy transfer d.c. to a.c. are under consideration and are not part of this edition.
NOTE 2 This standard is not mandatory for proprietary EV supply system configurations Type B or D according to IEC 61851-3 series provided they have equivalent or higher safety levels.
- Technical specification57 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series as a technical specification together with part 3-1 and with part 1 of IEC61851, applies to communication for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and a light electric road vehicle to a removable RESS or traction-battery of a light EV when connected to the supply network, with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c..
Energy management system for control of power transfer between battery systems and voltage converter units specifies the communication for all devices that may take part in energy management control. Such energy control applications may be implemented in e.g. light electric vehicles, robots, offshore parks, isolated farms, etc.
This part of IEC 61851-3 series provides application objects provided by the AC-DC voltage converter unit or DC/DC voltage converter unit
- Technical specification165 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series as a technical specification together with part 3-1 and with part 1 of IEC61851, applies to communication for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and a light electric road vehicle to a removable RESS or traction-battery of a light EV when connected to the supply network, with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c..
Energy management system for control of power transfer between battery systems and voltage converter units specifies the communication for all devices that may take part in energy management control. Such energy control applications may be implemented in e.g. light electric vehicles, robots, offshore parks, isolated farms, etc.
This part of IEC 61851-3 series specifies application objects provided by the battery system.
- Technical specification109 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series (in a first step as Technical Specification for three-year period) together with part 1 of IEC61851-3, applies to communication for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and a light electric road vehicle or a removable RESS or traction-battery of a light electric road vehicle, with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c.. Energy management system for control of power transfer between battery systems and voltage converter units specifies the communication for all devices that may take part in energy management control. Such energy control applications may be implemented in e.g. light electric vehicles, robots, offshore parks, isolated farms, etc. This part of IEC 61851-3 series provides specifications with regard to the pre-defined communication parameters and general application objects.
- Technical specification176 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series as a technical specification together with part 3-1 and with part 1 of IEC61851, applies to communication for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and a light electric road vehicle to a removable RESS or traction-battery of a light EV when connected to the supply network, with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c.. Energy management system for control of power transfer between battery systems and voltage converter units specifies the communication for all devices that may take part in energy management control. Such energy control applications may be implemented in e.g. light electric vehicles, robots, offshore parks, isolated farms, etc. This part of IEC 61851-3 series specifies application objects provided by the battery system.
- Technical specification109 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series (in a first step as Technical Specification for three-year period) together with part 1 of IEC 61851, applies to the equipment for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and an electric road vehicle when connected to the supply network, supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated output voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c..The supply systems described in the IEC 61851-3 series are primarily intended for the use by electric road vehicles of category L hereinafter referred to as light electric vehicles (light Evs). NOTE 1 Light EV includes all electrically propelled two and three wheeled vehicles of Category L1 up to Category L7 according to the definition of ECE-TRANS-WP29-78r2e and all electrically propelled or assisted cycles.Light electric road vehicles (light EVs) imply all road vehicles, including plug-in hybrid road vehicles (PHEV), that derive all or part of their energy from on-board rechargeable energy storage systems, (RESS), including traction batteries.The electrical protection of the complete light EV supply system from the connection to the supply network up to the light EV or removed RESS complies with protective separation between mains and d.c. and with galvanic separation between mains and d.c. or class III.Supplementary requirements for output voltages over 60 V d.c. are given in this document.Supplementary requirements for Class III equipment with output voltages over 15 V d.c. and over 6 V a.c. are given in this document.Requirements for bidirectional energy transfer d.c. to a.c. are under consideration and are not part of this edition. NOTE 2 This standard is not mandatory for proprietary EV supply system configurations Type B or D according to IEC 61851-3 series provided they have equivalent or higher safety levels.
- Technical specification57 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series (in a first step as Technical Specification for three-year period) together with part 1 of IEC 61851-3, applies to communication for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and a light electric road vehicle or a removable RESS or traction-battery of a light electric road vehicle, with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c.. Energy management system for control of power transfer between battery systems and voltage converter units specifies the communication for all devices that may take part in energy management control. The basic application profile for energy management systems consists of the following parts: Part 3-4: General definitions for communication; Part 3-5: Pre-defined communication parameters and general application objects; Part 3-6: Voltage converter unit communication; Part 3-7: Battery system communication.
- Technical specification106 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series as a technical specification together with part 3-1 and with part 1 of IEC61851, applies to communication for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and a light electric road vehicle to a removable RESS or traction-battery of a light EV when connected to the supply network, with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c.. Energy management system for control of power transfer between battery systems and voltage converter units specifies the communication for all devices that may take part in energy management control. Such energy control applications may be implemented in e.g. light electric vehicles, robots, offshore parks, isolated farms, etc. This part of IEC 61851-3 series provides application objects provided by the AC-DC voltage converter unit or DC/DC voltage converter unit
- Technical specification165 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61851-3 series (in a first step as Technical Specification for three-year period) together with part 1 of IEC61851-3, applies to the d.c. power supply equipment (e.g. VCU) for the conductive transfer of electric power between the supply network and an light electric road vehicle when connected to the supply network , with a rated supply voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 400 V d.c. and a rated ìoutputî voltage up to 480 V a.c. or up to 200 V d.c. The supply systems described in the IEC 61851-3 series are primarily intended for the use by EVs of category L hereinafter referred to as light electric vehicles (light EVs). NOTE 1 Light EV includes all electrically propelled two and three wheeled vehicles of Category L1 up to Category L7 according to the definition of ECE-TRANS-WP29-78r2e and all electrically propelled or assisted cycles. The electrical protection of the complete light EV supply system from the connection to the supply network up to the light EV or removed RESS complies with protective separation and with galvanic separation between a.c. input and d.c. output or class III.
- Technical specification38 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Part of IEC 61980 addresses communication and activities of magnetic field wireless power transfer (MF-WPT) systems. The requirements in this document are intended to be applied for MF-WPT systems accordin to IEC 61980-3 and ISO 19363. The aspects covered in this document include: - operational and functional characteristics of the MF-WPT communication system and related activities - operational and functional characteristics of the positioning system The following aspects are under consideration for future documents: - requirements for two- and three-wheel vehicles, - requirements for MF-WPT systems supplying power to EVs in motion, and - requirements for bidirectional power transfer Note: Any internal communication at Supply device or EV device is not in the scope of this document
- Standard97 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document specifies safety requirements for conductive connection of electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles (referred to as the EVs) to external electric circuits.
NOTE 1 External electric circuits include external electric power supplies and external electric loads.
It does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance and repair personnel.
It applies only to on-board charging systems between the plug or vehicle inlet and RESS circuits.
NOTE 2 The requirements when not connected to external electric circuits are specified in the ISO 13063 series.
Requirements for bidirectional energy transfer DC to AC are under consideration and are not part of this document.
NOTE 3 The safety requirements for DC EV supply equipment where protection relies on electrical separation are specified in IEC 61851-25.
NOTE 4 The safety requirements for DC EV supply equipment where protection relies on double or reinforced insulation are specified in IEC TS 61851-3-1 and IEC TS 61851-3-2.
- Standard47 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Frequently Asked Questions
An EU Directive is a legislative act of the European Union that sets out goals that all EU member states must achieve. However, it is up to each member state to devise their own laws on how to reach these goals through national transposition. Directives are used to harmonize laws across the EU, particularly for the functioning of the single market.
Directive 2014/94/EU covers "Directive 2014/94/EU of The European Parliament and of The Council of 22 October 2014 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure". There are 157 standards associated with this directive.
Harmonized standards under 2014/94/EU are European standards (ENs) developed by CEN, CENELEC, or ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission. When these standards are cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with them benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of 2014/94/EU, facilitating CE marking and free movement within the European Economic Area.