29.240.01 - Power transmission and distribution networks in general
ICS 29.240.01 Details
Power transmission and distribution networks in general
Starkstromanlagen im allgemeinen
Reseaux de transport et de distribution de courant en general
Omrežja za prenos in distribucijo električne energije na splošno
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IEC TS 63336:2024, which is a technical specification, applies to the commissioning of voltage-sourced converter (VSC) high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems which consist of two converter stations and the connecting HVDC transmission line.
The tests are generally applied to all HVDC configurations and could require addition or deletion to match the given solution.
This document provides guidance on the planning of commissioning activities. The commissioning described in this document is implemented through on-site testing on the whole system functionality, including testing on the subsystem and system. This document provides the scope, procedures and acceptance criteria of the tests.
Factory system tests, on-site equipment tests, electrode tests, and trial operation are not included in this document.
- Technical specification61 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TR 61643-03:2024 applies to SPD testing in accordance with the IEC 61643-x1 series and for SPD coordination and system level immunity purposes.
It aims to provide guidance and helpful information for correct test execution and accurate interpretation of measurement results. It is also intended to further enhance repeatability and comparability throughout different test laboratories and to establish an acceptable accuracy level for the test results obtained.
The main subjects are: Test application, Test arrangement/setup, Probe application, SPD coordination testing, and System level immunity testing
- Technical report56 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TR 63127:2019(E) focuses on the system design of converter stations. It is applicable to point-to-point and back-to-back HVDC systems based on line-commutated converter (LCC) technology. This document provides guidance and supporting information on the procedure for system design and the technical issues involved in the system design of HVDC transmission projects for both purchaser and potential suppliers. It can be used as the basis for drafting a procurement specification and as a guide during project implementation.
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2022-06-02: CLC/TC 85X made a decision to temporarily remove the link, meanwhile working on the harmonziation issue via another amendment togther with CLC/TC 65X
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IEC 60050-631:2024 gives the general terminology applicable to electrical energy storage systems, as well as general terms pertaining to specific applications and associated technologies. It has the status of a horizontal publication in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
This terminology is consistent with the terminology developed in the other specialized parts of the IEV.
This horizontal publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of IEC publications in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 108.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of horizontal publications in the preparation of its publications.
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This document specifies the technical requirements for the protection functions and the operational capabilities for generating plants, intended to operate in parallel with LV distribution networks.
For practical reasons this document refers to the responsible party where requirements have to be defined by an actor other than the DSO e.g. TSO, member state, regulatory authorities according to the legal framework. Typically the DSO will inform the producer about these requirements.
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IEC TS 62898-3-2:2024 provides technical requirements for the operation of energy management systems of microgrids. This document applies to utility-interconnected or islanded microgrids. This document describes specific recommendations for low-voltage (LV) and medium-voltage (MV) systems.
This document focuses on developing standards of energy management systems aimed for microgrids integrated in decentralized energy systems or public distribution grids. It concerns some particularities that are not totally covered by the existing conventional energy system. The microgrid energy management systems are being studied by various actors (utilities, manufacturers, and energy providers) on actual demonstration projects and application use case. The aims of this document are to make the state of the art of existing energy management systems used in actual microgrids projects, to classify the relevant functions which can be accomplished by microgrid energy management systems, and to recommend necessary technical requirements for energy management systems of future microgrids.
This document includes the following items:
• main performances of key components of microgrid: decentralized energy resources, energy storages and controllable loads),
• description of main functions and topological blocks of microgrid energy management systems (MEMS),
• specification of information exchange protocol between main function blocks, linked to microgrid monitoring and control systems (MMCS).
Main functions of MEMS:
• power and energy management among different resources within microgrid including active and reactive power flows with different time scales,
• power and energy forecasts of microgrid,
• energy balancing between upstream grid and microgrid energy resources according to power and energy forecast and upstream and local constraints,
• economic and environmental optimization,
• possible service capacities such as capacity market auctions and resiliency anticipation: new business models,
• data archiving, trending, reporting and evaluation of operation capacities in various operation modes.
MEMS can have some other additional functions according to microgrid size and actual application cases:
• tariff and market trading management,
• utility ancillary services such as frequency regulation, voltage regulation, power quality and reliability improvement, demand response possibilities, change of operation modes linked to MMCS.
- Technical specification70 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 63471:2023 provides a recommended DC voltage series for HVDC grids with a DC voltage above 1,5 kV. It concerns the selection of a nominal DC voltage of multi-terminal HVDC power transmission and distribution systems and meshed HVDC networks, grids, rather than a rated DC voltage or highest DC voltage.
There is no stringent requirement to consider this DC voltage series for the DC voltage selection for any stand-alone (not forming part of DC Grid) HVDC projects, e.g. a point-to-point HVDC power transmission and distribution system. However, in order to facilitate the later progression towards larger HVDC systems in the future the use of standardized DC voltages is very useful. At later stages, with multi-terminal systems and meshed HVDC grids, the use of harmonized voltages will indeed become essential in order to optimize both capital and operational costs. Also, for entirely new projects, system planning should include this outlook and can benefit from the use of the recommended DC voltage series.
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IEC TS 62786-1:2023, which is a Technical Specification, provides principles and general technical requirements for distributed energy resources (DER) connected to an electric power network (in the following: the "network"). It applies to the planning, design, operation and connection of DER to networks. It includes general requirements, connection scheme, choice of switchgear, normal operating range, immunity to disturbances, active power response to frequency deviations, reactive power response to voltage changes, EMC and power quality, interface protection, connection and start to generate electrical power, active power management, monitoring, control and communication, and conformance tests.
It is supplemented by additional parts of IEC 62786 series, covering specific aspects.
This document specifies interface and interoperability requirements for connection of DER to a network operating at a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. These requirements are intended for application at the point of connection (POC) of the DER to the grid. In some situations, the requirements can be the applied at the AC terminals of the generator. Additional parts of IEC 62786 provide more specific requirements.
DER include distributed generation and electrical energy storage in the form of synchronous generators, asynchronous generators, power converters, etc., connected to the medium voltage (MV) or low voltage (LV) network.
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IEC TS 62786-3:2023, which is a Technical Specification, provides principles and technical requirements for interconnection of distributed Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to the distribution network. It applies to the design, operation and testing of BESS interconnected to distribution networks. It includes the additional requirements for BESS, such as connection scheme, choice of switchgear, normal operating range, immunity to disturbance, active power response to frequency deviation, reactive power response to voltage variations and voltage changes, EMC and power quality, interface protection, connection and start to generate electric power, active power management, monitoring, control and communication, and grid-connected tests.
The stationary BESSs considered within the scope of this document include electrical forms such as lead-acid, lithium-ion, liquid flow and sodium-sulfur batteries, interconnected to medium voltage (MV) or low voltage (LV) distribution networks via bidirectional DC to AC power converters. This document will specify active and reactive power response and grid-connected testing for distributed BESS, as a supplement for IEC TS 62786-1:2023.
This document specifies interface requirements for connection of distributed BESS with the distribution network operating at a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
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This document specifies the technical requirements for the protection functions and the operational capabilities for generating plants, intended to operate in parallel with LV distribution networks.
For practical reasons this document refers to the responsible party where requirements have to be defined by an actor other than the DSO e.g. TSO, member state, regulatory authorities according to the legal framework. Typically the DSO will inform the producer about these requirements.
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This part of IEC 61936 provides, in a convenient form, requirements for the design and the
erection of DC installations in systems with nominal voltages above 1,5 kV DC, so as to provide
safety and proper functioning for the use intended.
For the purpose of interpreting this document, a DC installation is considered to be one of the
following:
a) A converter station or DC switching station;
b) one (or more) DC generating or storage unit(s), such as solar farms or battery storage units,
located on a single site, the DC installation includes DC equipment and cables with all
associated power electronics, controlgear, switchgear and all electrical auxiliary systems.
Connections between DC generating or storage units located on different sites are excluded;
c) DC installation erected on offshore facilities for the purpose of generation, transmission,
distribution and/or storage of electricity; or
d) DC transition station (between overhead lines and underground cable or between different
sections of underground cables).
This International Standard does not apply to the design and erection of any of the following:
– overhead and underground lines between separate installations;
– electric railways;
– mining equipment and installations;
– installations on ships according to IEC 60092 series and offshore units according to
IEC 61892 series, which are used in the offshore petroleum industry for drilling, processing
and storage purposes;
– electrostatic equipment (e.g. electrostatic precipitators, spray-painting units);
– test sites;
– medical equipment, e.g. medical X-ray equipment;
– valve hall or converter hall.
This document does not apply to the requirements for carrying out live working on electrical
installations.
This document does not apply to the design of factory-built, type-tested thyristor valves, VSC
valves and switchgear for which separate IEC standards exist.
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IEC TS 63189-2:2023 is applicable to virtual power plants (VPPs) that consist of distributed generation, controllable loads, and electrical energy storages.
This part of IEC 63189 is to provide VPPs use cases that capture the basic information, business roles, actors, scenarios, and processes.
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2022-06-02: CLC/TC 85X made a decision to temporarily remove the link, meanwhile working on the harmonziation issue via another amendment togther with CLC/TC 65X
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IEC TS 63291-1:2023 contains guidelines on planning, specification, and execution of multi-vendor HVDC grid systems also referred to as HVDC grids. The terms "HVDC grid systems" or "HVDC grids" are used in this document to describe HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two HVDC stations connected to a common DC circuit. The DC circuit can be of radial or meshed topology or a combination thereof. In this document, the term "HVDC grids" is used.
While this document focuses on requirements specific for HVDC grids, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e., including point‑to‑point HVDC systems. Existing IEC (e.g. IEC TR 63363-1 [1]), Cigre or other relevant documents have been used for reference as far as possible.
Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e. those having typically nominal DC voltages higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document.
NOTE While the physical principles of DC networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower DC voltage levels, e.g. in case of converters or switchgear.
This document covers technical aspects of:
- coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems,
- HVDC grid characteristics,
- HVDC grid control,
- HVDC grid protection,
- AC/DC converter stations,
- HVDC grid installations, including DC switching stations and HVDC transmission lines,
- studies and associated models,
- testing.
Beyond the scope of this document, the following content is proposed for future work:
DC/DC converter stations.
- Technical specification133 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 63291-2:2023 defines aspects on planning, specification, and execution of multi-vendor HVDC grid systems also referred to as HVDC grids. The terms "HVDC grid systems" or "HVDC grids" are used in this document to describe HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two HVDC stations connected to a common DC circuit. The DC circuit can be of radial or meshed topology or a combination thereof. In this document, the term "HVDC grids" is used.
While this document focuses on requirements specific for HVDC grids, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e., including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing IEC (e.g., IEC TR 63363-1 [1]), Cigre or other relevant documents have been used for reference as far as possible.
Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e., those having typically nominal DC voltages higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document.
NOTE While the physical principles of DC networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower DC voltage levels, e.g. in the case of converters or switchgear.
This document covers technical aspects of:
- coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems,
- HVDC grid characteristics,
- HVDC grid control,
- HVDC grid protection,
- AC/DC converter stations,
- HVDC grid installations, including DC switching stations and HVDC transmission lines,
- studies and associated models,
- testing.
Beyond the scope of this document, the following content is proposed for future work:
DC/DC converter stations.
- Technical specification90 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 63189-1:2023 covers the terms and definitions, system composition and control modes of virtual power plant (VPP). It defines the functional requirements for VPPs, including power generation forecasting, load forecasting, generation and consumption scheduling, control and management of energy storage devices and loads, coordinated optimization of distributed energy resources, status monitoring and communication, data collection and analysis, and market transactions.
Since a virtual power plant is a cluster of dispersed energy converting installations, which are aggregated, it uses additional systems to achieve its objectives (e.g. regional energy meteorology forecasting, site specific energy management systems, SCADA and other communication systems).
Local regulations, the electricity market model and the corresponding manner of organising the market related to the utilisation of controllable DER affect the management, control and operation of VPPs.
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IEC 61557-14:2023 defines special requirements for test and measurement equipment used to determine the electrical safety of electrical equipment of machinery in accordance with IEC 60204-1.
This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61557-1:2019.
IEC 61557-14:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) clarifying the introduction;
b) replaced "dielectric strength" by "voltage test";
c) requirement for maximum output current has been added in 4.2.6.1;
d) tripping time at electrical switching activated by two-hand operation has been added in 4.2.6.1;
e) additional time limiting capability for the protection against electric shock for test persons and bystanders in 4.2.6.2;
f) updated references for safety testing;
g) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series.
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IEC TS 62898-3-4:2023 provides technical requirements for the monitoring and control of microgrids. This document applies to non-isolated or isolated microgrids integrated with distributed energy resources. This document describes the specific recommendations for low-voltage (LV) and medium-voltage (MV) microgrids.
This document focuses on standardization of the architecture, functions, and operation of microgrid monitoring and control systems (MMCS). It teases out the general functions of MMCS and provides technical requirements for MMCS. This document includes the following aspects of MMCS:
• system architecture,
• information exchange with other devices/functions in microgrid,
• performance requirement,
• main function descriptions.
- Technical specification40 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 61557-13:2023 defines special performance requirements for hand-held and hand manipulated current clamps and sensors for measurement of leakage currents in electrical distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC taking into account the influence of high external low-frequency magnetic fields and other influencing quantities. See Annex A for examples of measurement applications.
This document does not apply to current clamps or sensors that are used in combination with devices for insulation fault location in accordance with IEC 61557-9, unless it is specified by the manufacturer.
IEC 61557-13:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the term "fixing device" has been removed;
b) the measuring range was changed to a display range, the indication of DC or peak values has been added in 4.1;
c) the frequency for the test of sensitivity for low-frequency magnetic fields has been defined in 4.2;
d) the specified measuring range is now defined as the range of indicated values based on the operating uncertainty in 4.3;
e) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series;
f) the variation E12 (maximum load current), may be specified according to the manufacturer’s specification.
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IEC 61557-7:2019 is available as IEC 61557-7:2019 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 61557-7:2019 specifies the requirements applicable to measuring equipment for testing the phase sequence in three-phase distribution systems. Indication of the phase sequence can be mechanical, visual and/or audible. This document does not apply to additional measurements for other quantities. It does not apply to monitoring relays. IEC 61557-7:2019 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series;
b) updated requirements in 4.3 in accordance with new editions of IEC 61010-1 and IEC 61010-031;
c) the information on markings was extended;
d) the information on the operating instructions was extended;
e) complement to the information on the testing of leads;
f) test leads for insulated conductors were introduced;
g) Annex B was added with information on phase sequence tests and indications.
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IEC TS 62898-3-3:2023 deals with frequency and voltage stabilization of AC microgrids by dispatchable loads, which react autonomously on variations of frequency and voltage with a change in active power consumption. Both 50 Hz and 60 Hz electric power systems are covered. This document gives requirements to emulate the self-regulation effect of loads including synthetic inertia.
The loads recommended for this approach are noncritical loads, this means their power modulation will not significantly affect the user as some kind of energy storage is involved which effectively decouples end energy use from the electricity supply by the electric network. The self-regulation of loads is beneficial both in island mode and grid-connected mode. This document gives the details of the self-regulation behaviour but does not stipulate which loads shall participate in this approach as an optional function.
This document covers both continuously controllable loads with droop control and ON/OFF switchable loads with staged settings. The scope of this document is limited to loads connected to the voltage level up to 35 kV. Reactive power for voltage stabilization and DC microgrids are excluded in this document.
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This document is applicable to all operation of and work activity on, with, or near electrical installations.
These are electrical installations operating at voltage levels from and including extra-low voltage up to and
including high voltage.
This latter term includes those levels commonly referred to as medium and extra-high voltage.
These electrical installations are designed for the generation, transmission, conversion, distribution and
use of electrical power. Some of these electrical installations are permanent and fixed, such as a distribution
installation in a factory or office complex, others are temporary, such as on construction sites and others
are mobile or capable of being moved either whilst energised or whilst not energised nor charged. Examples
are electrically driven excavating machines in quarries or open-cast coal sites.
This document sets out the requirements for the safe operation of and work activity on, with, or near these
electrical installations. The requirements apply to all operational, working and maintenance procedures.
They apply to all non-electrical work such as building work near to overhead lines or underground cables
as well as electrical work, when there is a risk of electrical danger.
This document does not apply to ordinary persons when using installations and equipment, provided that
the installations and equipment comply with relevant standards and are designed and installed for use by
ordinary persons.
This document has not been developed specifically to apply to the electrical installations listed below.
However, if there are no other rules or procedures, the principles of this document could be applied to them:
— on any aircraft and hovercraft moving under its own power, (these are subject to International Aviation
laws which take precedence over national laws in these situations);
— on any sea going ship moving under its own power, or under the direction of the master, (these are
subject to International Marine laws which take precedence over national laws in these situations);
— electronic telecommunications and information systems;
— electronic instrumentation, control and automation systems;
— at coal or other mines;
— on off-shore installations subject to International Marine laws;
— on vehicles;
— on electric traction systems;
— on experimental electrical research work.
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The European Standard EN 50110 series consists of two parts:
- the first part, EN 50110 1, contains minimum requirements valid for all CENELEC countries and some additional informative annexes dealing with safe working;
- the second part, prEN 50110 2, is a set of national annexes (one per each member country) which specify either additional safety requirements actually in force or national supplements to the minimum requirements set by EN 50110-1.
The national annexes are the responsibility of an have to be maintained by the respective member country.
National Committees shall notify CENELEC of any changes needed to their national annex.
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IEC 60050-692:2017 gives the terminology used when considering the dependability and quality of service of electric power systems. The concepts are categorized according to the following sections:
- system concepts;
- operating states of electric power systems;
- failures in electric power systems;
- outages of electric power systems equipment;
- outage occurrences in electric power systems;
- state durations and availability related concepts;
- interruptions in electric power systems;
- selected customer interruption measures;
- bulk electric power system load/energy curtailments;
- bulk electric system failures and measures;
- supply performance measures.
This terminology is consistent with the terminology developed in the other specialized parts of the IEV.
It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
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This document is applicable to all operation of and work activity on, with, or near electrical installations. These are electrical installations operating at voltage levels from and including extra-low voltage up to and including high voltage. This latter term includes those levels commonly referred to as medium and extra-high voltage. These electrical installations are designed for the generation, transmission, conversion, distribution and use of electrical power. Some of these electrical installations are permanent and fixed, such as a distribution installation in a factory or office complex, others are temporary, such as on construction sites and others are mobile or capable of being moved either whilst energised or whilst not energised nor charged. Examples are electrically driven excavating machines in quarries or open-cast coal sites. This document sets out the requirements for the safe operation of and work activity on, with, or near these electrical installations. The requirements apply to all operational, working and maintenance procedures. They apply to all non-electrical work such as building work near to overhead lines or underground cables as well as electrical work, when there is a risk of electrical danger. This document does not apply to ordinary persons when using installations and equipment, provided that the installations and equipment comply with relevant standards and are designed and installed for use by ordinary persons. This document has not been developed specifically to apply to the electrical installations listed below. However, if there are no other rules or procedures, the principles of this document could be applied to them: - on any aircraft and hovercraft moving under its own power, (these are subject to International Aviation laws which take precedence over national laws in these situations); - on any sea going ship moving under its own power, or under the direction of the master, (these are subject to International Marine laws which take precedence over national laws in these situations); - electronic telecommunications and information systems; - electronic instrumentation, control and automation systems; - at coal or other mines; - on off-shore installations subject to International Marine laws; - on vehicles; - on electric traction systems; - on experimental electrical research work.
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This part of IEC 60050 gives the general terminology used for electrical installations such as
those of residential, industrial or commercial premises. It does not cover systems for distribution
of energy to the public or power generation and transmission for such systems. This new edition
reviews and complements the previous one. An important aim of the revision is to achieve
compliance with IEC 61140:2016. In addition, some new terms have been added from
IEC 60364-8-1:2014 and IEC 60364-8-2:2018. It has the status of a horizontal publication in
accordance with IEC Guide 108, Guidelines for ensuring the coherence of IEC publications –
Horizontal functions, horizontal publications and their application.
This terminology is consistent with the terminology developed in the other specialized parts of
the IEV.
This horizontal publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the
preparation of IEC publications in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 108.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of
horizontal publications in the preparation of its publications
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IEC 60050-614:2016 gives the general terminology used in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity, as well as general terms pertaining to specific applications and associated technologies. This terminology is consistent with the terminology developed in the other specialized parts of the IEV.
It has the status of a horizontal standard in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
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IEC TR 62898-4:2023 which is a technical report, provides a set of use cases related to microgrids, as a form of "decentralized energy system". Decentralized energy systems are small energy systems containing loads and distributed energy resources (generation, storage) with decentralized management for energy supply. This document completes the SC 8B roadmap for decentralized electrical energy systems. The goal is to explain the methodology retained on the microgrid sub-domain, which is a kind of decentralized system. This methodology, based on IEC 62913-1, describes high-level use cases (business use cases) covering the main typical usage of microgrids, and details some of them through system use cases. The proposed list of use cases is a first version, proposed for review; the goal is to cover all use cases with the same level of depth.
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IEC TR 63410:2023, which is a Technical Report, aims to prepare a road map for categorizing Decentralized Electrical Energy Systems and identifying gaps in the existing standards relevant to Decentralized Electrical Energy Systems. The task of IEC Subcommittee 8B is to develop IEC publications enabling the development of secure, reliable and cost-effective systems with decentralized management for electrical energy supply, which are alternative, complementary or precursors to traditional large interconnected and highly centralized systems. This includes but is not limited to AC, DC, AC/DC hybrid decentralized electrical energy system, such as distributed generation, distributed energy storage, dispatchable loads, virtual power plants and electrical energy systems having interaction with multiple types of distributed energy resources.
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IEC TR 61000-2-15: 2023 which is a Technical Report, addresses in particular the following main phenomena, which affect the power quality in modern distribution systems with high penetration of power electronics converters. As some aspects of the subject have already been addressed in the past, considering the evolution of the LV and MV networks, this document focuses on the following aspects:
resonances in the network, modelling and on-site validation;
supraharmonics and measurements issues;
impact of increased number of power electronic converters;
stability and instability issues for the equipment to be connected
The target phenomena and conditions of this document are the following:
frequency: ≤ 2 kHz, 2 kHz to 9 kHz, ≥ 9 kHz;
voltage levels: LV, MV;
harmonic sources: all types of converters (EV battery chargers, appliances, etc.…).
Some of these frequency ranges have already been standardized in some countries (Japan, Germany, Switzerland, etc.), but the resulting phenomena developed will benefit being described in more details, with a focus on the interaction between the converters and the electrical networks. The case of the presence of a large number of converters is also at stake. Some complex phenomena can also arise when the full system is not stable anymore. NOTE Whereas it is expected that the models and derived calculations form this document can be applied to the Americas electrical systems its formal validation studies are still pending.
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1.1 Scope
This document specifies the main characteristics of the voltage at a network user's supply terminals in public low voltage, medium, high, and extra-high voltage AC electricity networks under normal operating conditions. This document specifies the limits or values within which the voltage characteristics can be expected to remain at any supply terminal in public European electricity networks, only.
NOTE 1 If non-public networks (e.g. residential quarters, energy communities, office centres, shopping centres) have similar end-users as public networks, it is strongly advised to apply the same requirements as for public networks.
NOTE 2 Industrial networks are excluded from the scope of EN 50160, only the connection to the supply terminals of the public network is relevant, here.
This document does not apply under abnormal operating conditions, including the following:
a) a temporary supply arrangement to keep network users supplied during conditions arising as a result of a fault, maintenance and construction work, or to minimize the extent and duration of a loss of supply.
b) in the case of non-compliance of a network user's installation or equipment with the relevant standards or with the technical requirements for connection, established either by the public authorities or the network operator, including the limits for the emission of conducted disturbances.
NOTE 4 A network user’s installation can include load and generation.
c) in exceptional situations, in particular:
1) exceptional weather conditions and other natural disasters;
2) third party interference;
3) acts by public authorities,
4) industrial actions (subject to legal requirements);
5) force majeure;
6) power shortages resulting from external events.
The voltage characteristics given in this document refer to conducted disturbances in public electric power networks. They are not intended to be used as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) levels or product emission limits.
Power quality is related to EMC in several ways – especially because compliance with power quality requirements depends on the control of cumulative effect of electromagnetic emissions from all/multiple equipment and/or installations. Therefore, the voltage characteristics given in this document gives guidance for specifying requirements in equipment product standards and in installation standards.
NOTE 5 The performance of equipment might be impaired if it is subjected to supply conditions which are not specified in the equipment product standard.
NOTE 6 This document can be superseded in total or in part by the terms of a contract between the individual network user and the network operator.
NOTE 7 The sharing of complaint management and problem mitigation costs between the involved parties is outside the scope of EN 50160.
Measurement methods to be applied in this document are described in EN 61000 4 30.
1.2 Object
The object of this document is to define, describe and specify the characteristics of the supply voltage concerning:
a) Frequency;
b) Magnitude;
c) Waveform;
d) Symmetry of the line voltages.
This document also covers the continuous characteristics of the supply voltage and other foreseeable phenomena which may influence the voltage characteristics, such as e.g. operational communication, monitoring or measurement signals which are transmitted via power lines.
These characteristics are subject to variations during the normal operation of a supply system due to changes of load, disturbances generated by certain equipment and the occurrence of faults which are mainly caused by external events.
The characteristics vary in a manner which is random in time, with reference to any specific supply terminal, and random in location, with reference to any given instant of time. Because of these variations, the values given in this document for the characteristics can be expected to be exceeded on a small number of occasions.
[...]
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The purpose of this document is to provide technical guidance for tests on generating units and interface protection to evaluate their electrical characteristics.
NOTE 1 Mechanical issues are taken into account as far as they influence the electrical characteristics.
The evaluation results are intended to be used to demonstrate conformity of generating units to technical requirements for grid connection. In this context the evaluation results can also be used as part of a certification programme.
NOTE 2 Besides the type test results of the generating unit all additional elements for connection to the grid (e.g. transformer, cabling, multiple units) are considered in the evaluation of the final installation of a generating plant.
The requirements to be evaluated are covered in the following standardization documents:
– EN 50549 1:2019: Requirements for generating plants to be connected in parallel with distribution networks - Part 1: connection to a LV distribution network - Generating plants up to and including Type B
– EN 50549 2:2019: Requirements for generating plants to be connected in parallel with distribution networks - Part 2: Connection to a MV distribution network - Generating plants up to and including Type B
If grid connection requirements are dealt with in other documents or for other generating module types, where no specific testing procedure is provided, testing methods of this document can be used if applicable.
This document provides evaluation criteria for the conformity assessment of generating units with respect to the above mentioned standardization documents, based on type testing. However, some requirements are applicable on the generating plant level. The assessment of the conformity to these plant requirements are out of the scope of this document. Nevertheless, this document may be used to show the capabilities of a generating unit to be used in a plant.
As a consequence, it is possible that the conformity assessment of a generating unit does not cover all aspects of the above-mentioned standardization documents, typically when a requirement is evaluated on a plant level. Therefore, the conformity assessment report indicates clearly which clauses of this document are covered and which clauses are not covered.
This document recognizes the existence of specific technical test requirements within several member states that must be complied with.
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IEC TS 63383:2022 deals with cybersecurity related to measuring devices (PMD according to IEC 61557-12 and PQI according to IEC 62586-1) and devices for data collection (devices according to IEC 62974-1) that are intended to be installed in restricted access areas.
This document deals with cybersecurity aspects (e.g. device hardening or device resilience) of device(s) used for power metering and monitoring, power quality monitoring, data collection and analysis, but does not cover requirements for organisational cybersecurity (e.g. end-user security policy).
This document is a first attempt to develop awareness by manufacturers and other relevant stakeholders about cybersecurity aspects and provide basic guidance for achieving the appropriate security mitigation against vulnerabilities to security threats:
– in coherence with device/system approaches described in relevant standards such as IEC 62443 (all parts) and ISO/IEC 27001,
– based on generic system use-cases.
This document does not cover billing meters covered by the IEC 62053-2x set of standards.
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IEC Corrected Version
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IEC Corrected Version
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IEC Corrected Version
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IEC Corrected Version
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This part of IEC 61557 specifies the requirements applicable to equipment for measuring the
loop impedance between a line conductor and protective conductor; between a line conductor
and neutral; or between two line conductors by using the voltage drop when the circuit under
test is loaded.
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This part of IEC 61557 specifies the requirements applicable to measuring equipment for
testing the phase sequence in three-phase distribution systems. Indication of the phase
sequence can be mechanical, visual and/or audible.
This document does not apply to additional measurements for other quantities. It does not
apply to monitoring relays.
NOTE Common worldwide three-phase distribution systems are depicted in IEC 61010-1.
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IEC 61557-11:2009 specifies the requirements for testing equipment applied to the testing of the effectiveness of residual current monitors (RCMs) of type A and type B, which are already installed in distribution systems. This test equipment can be used in any kind of network like a TN, TT or IT system. The test equipment may also be used for testing directionally discriminating RCMs in IT-Systems.This part is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61557-1:2007, Part 1: General requirements.
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