29.240.01 - Power transmission and distribution networks in general
ICS 29.240.01 Details
Power transmission and distribution networks in general
Starkstromanlagen im allgemeinen
Reseaux de transport et de distribution de courant en general
Omrežja za prenos in distribucijo električne energije na splošno
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IEC TR 63282-102:2025 assesses the existing technical requirements (by TC 64, TC 82, SyC LVDC) and close any gaps related to electric island LVDC power supply systems in rural or remote areas without electricity up to a maximum of 1 500 V only. Additionally, it covers the case of LVDC auxiliary power supply systems for ships.
Specific technical items for electric island LVDC systems are explained in this document. Rationale for the proposed voltage level, topology, power quality, etc. are given.
This document gives inputs to several TCs in charge of the standardization of different issues and coordinated by SyC LVDC.
- Technical report61 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
From this edition, the CLC TS 50654-2 is the adoption (identical) of the IEC TS 63291-2 (not covered by a parallel procedure).
This document defines aspects on planning, specification, and execution of multi-vendor HVDC grid systems also referred to as HVDC grids. The terms "HVDC grid systems" or "HVDC grids" are used in this document to describe HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two HVDC stations connected to a common DC circuit. The DC circuit can be of radial or meshed topology or a combination thereof. In this document, the term "HVDC grids" is used.
While this document focuses on requirements specific for HVDC grids, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e., including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing IEC (e.g., IEC TR 63363-1 [1]), Cigre or other relevant documents have been used for reference as far as possible.
Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e., those having typically nominal DC voltages higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document.
NOTE While the physical principles of DC networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower DC voltage levels, e.g. in the case of converters or switchgear.
This document covers technical aspects of:
• coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems,
• HVDC grid characteristics,
• HVDC grid control,
• HVDC grid protection,
• AC/DC converter stations,
• HVDC grid installations, including DC switching stations and HVDC transmission lines,
• studies and associated models,
• testing.
Beyond the scope of this document, the following content is proposed for future work:
• DC/DC converter stations.
- Technical specification93 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
From this edition, the CLC TS 50654-1 is the adoption (identical) of the IEC TS 63291-1 (not covered by a parallel procedure).
This document contains guidelines on planning, specification, and execution of multi-vendor HVDC grid systems also referred to as HVDC grids. The terms "HVDC grid systems" or "HVDC grids" are used in this document to describe HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two HVDC stations connected to a common DC circuit. The DC circuit can be of radial or meshed topology or a combination thereof. In this document, the term "HVDC grids" is used.
While this document focuses on requirements specific for HVDC grids, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e., including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing IEC (e.g. IEC TR 63363-1 [1]), Cigre or other relevant documents have been used for reference as far as possible.
Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e. those having typically nominal DC voltages higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document. NOTE While the physical principles of DC networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower DC voltage levels, e.g. in the case of converters or switchgear.
This document covers technical aspects of:
• coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems,
• HVDC grid characteristics,
• HVDC grid control,
• HVDC grid protection,
• AC/DC converter stations,
• HVDC grid installations, including DC switching stations and HVDC transmission lines,
• studies and associated models,
• testing.
Beyond the scope of this document, the following content is proposed for future work:
• DC/DC converter stations.
- Technical specification136 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 62488-1:2025 applies to the planning of analogue (APLC), digital (DPLC) and hybrid analogue-digital (ADPLC) power line carrier communication systems operating over HV electric power networks. The object of this document is to establish the planning of the services and performance parameters for the operational requirements to transmit and receive data efficiently and reliably.
Such analogue and digital power line carrier systems are used by the different electricity supply industries and integrated into their communication infrastructure using common communication technologies such as radio links, fibre optic and satellite networks
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Complete revision of this edition with respect to the previous edition with the main focus on planning of analogue and digital power line carrier systems operating over HV power networks;
b) A general structure of a bidirectional point-to-multipoint APLC, DPLC or ADPLC link has been introduced;
c) Introduction of a new approach for global frequency planning.
- Standard108 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
From this edition, the CLC TS 50654-1 is the adoption (identical) of the IEC TS 63291-1 (not covered by a parallel procedure). This document contains guidelines on planning, specification, and execution of multi-vendor HVDC grid systems also referred to as HVDC grids. The terms "HVDC grid systems" or "HVDC grids" are used in this document to describe HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two HVDC stations connected to a common DC circuit. The DC circuit can be of radial or meshed topology or a combination thereof. In this document, the term "HVDC grids" is used. While this document focuses on requirements specific for HVDC grids, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e., including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing IEC (e.g. IEC TR 63363-1 [1]), Cigre or other relevant documents have been used for reference as far as possible. Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e. those having typically nominal DC voltages higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document. NOTE While the physical principles of DC networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower DC voltage levels, e.g. in the case of converters or switchgear. This document covers technical aspects of: • coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems, • HVDC grid characteristics, • HVDC grid control, • HVDC grid protection, • AC/DC converter stations, • HVDC grid installations, including DC switching stations and HVDC transmission lines, • studies and associated models, • testing. Beyond the scope of this document, the following content is proposed for future work: • DC/DC converter stations.
- Technical specification136 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
From this edition, the CLC TS 50654-2 is the adoption (identical) of the IEC TS 63291-2 (not covered by a parallel procedure). This document defines aspects on planning, specification, and execution of multi-vendor HVDC grid systems also referred to as HVDC grids. The terms "HVDC grid systems" or "HVDC grids" are used in this document to describe HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two HVDC stations connected to a common DC circuit. The DC circuit can be of radial or meshed topology or a combination thereof. In this document, the term "HVDC grids" is used. While this document focuses on requirements specific for HVDC grids, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e., including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing IEC (e.g., IEC TR 63363-1 [1]), Cigre or other relevant documents have been used for reference as far as possible. Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e., those having typically nominal DC voltages higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document. NOTE While the physical principles of DC networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower DC voltage levels, e.g. in the case of converters or switchgear. This document covers technical aspects of: • coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems, • HVDC grid characteristics, • HVDC grid control, • HVDC grid protection, • AC/DC converter stations, • HVDC grid installations, including DC switching stations and HVDC transmission lines, • studies and associated models, • testing. Beyond the scope of this document, the following content is proposed for future work: • DC/DC converter stations.
- Technical specification93 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 63042-103:2025, which is a Technical Specification, specifies the basic security and stability requirements for UHV AC transmission systems in planning and design, the security and stability criteria, and security and stability analysis method for the UHV AC transmission systems.
This document is applicable to power grids of UHV AC systems and their associated equipment and connected systems.
- Technical specification26 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TR 62786-102:2025 provides principles and technical needs for the interconnection of the compressed air energy storage (CAES) system to the distribution network. It is suitable for the planning, design, operation and testing of CAES system interconnection to distribution networks. It includes the additional needs for the CAES system, such as connection scheme, grid-connected process and needs, response characteristics of active power to frequency, response characteristics of active power to current, response characteristics of active power to injecting mass flow, response characteristics of active power to pressure, selection of the point of connection (POC), electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and power quality, communication and automation, monitoring and protection, immunity to disturbances, grid-connected testing needs, etc. This document will report response of active power to frequency, response of active power to current, response of active power to injecting mass flow, response of active power to pressure, response of reactive power to voltage, and grid-connected testing for distributed CAES system, as a supplement for IEC TS 62786-1:2023. This document reports the interface needs for connecting CAES system to distribution network operating at a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
- Technical report39 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 61557-9:2023 specifies the requirements for the insulation fault location system (IFLS) that localizes insulation faults in any part of the system in unearthed IT AC systems and unearthed IT AC systems with galvanically connected DC circuits having nominal voltages up to 1 000 V AC, as well as in unearthed IT DC systems with voltages up to 1 500 V DC, independent of the measuring principle. IEC 61557-9:2023 cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) new terms and definitions on maximum admissible locating AC and DC currents and voltages;
b) the requirements on locating current and locating voltage have been revised;
c) performance requirements have been added;
d) the test requirements for locating current and locating voltage have been revised;
e) the structure of this document has been adapted to that of IEC 61557-1:2019;
f) the limit values under Clause A.2 were adapted to fit the changed test methods in 6.2.3.
- Standard38 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This document specifies the main characteristics of the voltage at a network user's supply terminals in public low voltage, medium, high, and extra-high voltage AC electricity networks under normal operating conditions. This document specifies the limits or values within which the voltage characteristics can be expected to remain at any supply terminal in public European electricity networks, only. Industrial networks are excluded from the scope of EN 50160.
NOTE 1 If non-public networks (e.g. residential quarters, energy communities, office centres, shopping centres) have similar end-users as public networks, it is strongly advised to apply the same requirements as for public networks.
This document does not apply under abnormal operating conditions, including the following:
a) a temporary supply arrangement to keep network users supplied during conditions arising as a result of a fault, maintenance and construction work, or to minimize the extent and duration of a loss of supply;
b) in the case of non-compliance of a network user's installation or equipment with the relevant standards or with the technical requirements for connection, established either by the public authorities or the network operator, including the limits for the emission of conducted disturbances;
NOTE 2 A network user’s installation can include load and generation.
c) in exceptional situations, in particular:
1) exceptional weather conditions and other natural disasters;
2) third party interference;
3) acts by public authorities,
4) industrial actions (subject to legal requirements);
5) force majeure;
6) power shortages resulting from external events.
The voltage characteristics given in this document refer to conducted disturbances in public electric power networks. They are not intended to be used as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) levels or product emission limits.
Power quality is related to EMC in several ways - especially because compliance with power quality requirements depends on the control of cumulative effect of electromagnetic emissions from all/multiple equipment and/or installations. Therefore, the voltage characteristics given in this document gives guidance for specifying requirements in equipment product standards and in installation standards.
NOTE 3 The performance of equipment might be impaired if it is subjected to supply conditions which are not specified in the equipment product standard.
NOTE 4 This document can be superseded in total or in part by the terms of a contract between the individual network user and the network operator.
The sharing of complaint management and problem mitigation costs between the involved parties is outside the scope of EN 50160.
Measurement methods to be applied in this document are described in EN 61000-4-30.
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-16:2023 specifies the requirements applicable to the performance for test and measurement equipment in order to determine the effectiveness of the protective measures for electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment described in IEC 62353.
This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61557-1:2019.
IEC 61557-16:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) splitting of uncertainty requirements for medical and non-medical electrical equipment in 4.2.1;
b) addition of a definition of ranges with defined uncertainty in 4.2.1 to 4.2.7;
c) addition of an optional measuring device (MD) for non-medical devices in 4.2.1;
d) addition of a limitation of the maximum intrinsic uncertainty for medical applications at leakage current in 4.2.1;
e) change of 4.2.3 from test sockets to sockets for service purposes;
f) addition of a warning in the operating instructions;
g) integration of former 6.3 into 6.2;
h) update of Table 1;
i) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series.
- Standard25 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Amendment6 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61557 specifies the requirements for measuring equipment that combines several measuring functions or methods of testing, measuring or monitoring, that are in accordance with the respective parts of IEC 61557, into one piece of apparatus.
Measuring equipment which combines measuring functions or methods of testing, measuring or monitoring covered by the respective parts of IEC 61557 with those not covered by the respective parts of IEC 61557 is also within the scope of this document.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-13:2023 defines special performance requirements for hand-held and hand manipulated current clamps and sensors for measurement of leakage currents in electrical distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC taking into account the influence of high external low-frequency magnetic fields and other influencing quantities. See Annex A for examples of measurement applications.
This document does not apply to current clamps or sensors that are used in combination with devices for insulation fault location in accordance with IEC 61557-9, unless it is specified by the manufacturer.
IEC 61557-13:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the term "fixing device" has been removed;
b) the measuring range was changed to a display range, the indication of DC or peak values has been added in 4.1;
c) the frequency for the test of sensitivity for low-frequency magnetic fields has been defined in 4.2;
d) the specified measuring range is now defined as the range of indicated values based on the operating uncertainty in 4.3;
e) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series;
f) the variation E12 (maximum load current), may be specified according to the manufacturer’s specification.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-14:2023 defines special requirements for test and measurement equipment used to determine the electrical safety of electrical equipment of machinery in accordance with IEC 60204-1.
This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61557-1:2019.
IEC 61557-14:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) clarifying the introduction;
b) replaced "dielectric strength" by "voltage test";
c) requirement for maximum output current has been added in 4.2.6.1;
d) tripping time at electrical switching activated by two-hand operation has been added in 4.2.6.1;
e) additional time limiting capability for the protection against electric shock for test persons and bystanders in 4.2.6.2;
f) updated references for safety testing;
g) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
- Amendment6 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
This part of IEC 61557 specifies the requirements for measuring equipment that combines several measuring functions or methods of testing, measuring or monitoring, that are in accordance with the respective parts of IEC 61557, into one piece of apparatus. Measuring equipment which combines measuring functions or methods of testing, measuring or monitoring covered by the respective parts of IEC 61557 with those not covered by the respective parts of IEC 61557 is also within the scope of this document.
- Standard13 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-13:2023 defines special performance requirements for hand-held and hand manipulated current clamps and sensors for measurement of leakage currents in electrical distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC taking into account the influence of high external low-frequency magnetic fields and other influencing quantities. See Annex A for examples of measurement applications. This document does not apply to current clamps or sensors that are used in combination with devices for insulation fault location in accordance with IEC 61557-9, unless it is specified by the manufacturer. IEC 61557-13:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the term "fixing device" has been removed; b) the measuring range was changed to a display range, the indication of DC or peak values has been added in 4.1; c) the frequency for the test of sensitivity for low-frequency magnetic fields has been defined in 4.2; d) the specified measuring range is now defined as the range of indicated values based on the operating uncertainty in 4.3; e) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series; f) the variation E12 (maximum load current), may be specified according to the manufacturer’s specification.
- Standard24 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-14:2023 defines special requirements for test and measurement equipment used to determine the electrical safety of electrical equipment of machinery in accordance with IEC 60204-1. This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61557-1:2019. IEC 61557-14:2023 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) clarifying the introduction; b) replaced "dielectric strength" by "voltage test"; c) requirement for maximum output current has been added in 4.2.6.1; d) tripping time at electrical switching activated by two-hand operation has been added in 4.2.6.1; e) additional time limiting capability for the protection against electric shock for test persons and bystanders in 4.2.6.2; f) updated references for safety testing; g) alignment of the structure with that of the whole IEC 61557 series.
- Standard20 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 61557-1:2019 specifies the general requirements applicable to measuring and monitoring equipment for testing the electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems with nominal voltages up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC. When measuring equipment or measuring installations involve measurement tasks of various measuring equipment covered by this series of standards, then the part of this series relevant to each of the measurement tasks is applicable. Other parts of IEC 61557 can specify additional requirements or deviations. This document does not cover functional safety or cybersecurity. IEC 61557-1:2019 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This third edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) terms aligned with IEC 60050;
b) measurement of uncertainty revised according to the equations in 4.2 of ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 (GUM);
c) updated references for safety and EMC requirements;
d) updated references for marking and operating instructions;
e) updated references for testing safety and EMC;
f) Annex A contains an explanation of GUM;
g) Annex B addresses environmental aspects.
- Standard50 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard81 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Standard50 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
This part of IEC 61557 specifies the requirements for measuring equipment that combines several measuring functions or methods of testing, measuring or monitoring, that are in accordance with the respective parts of IEC 61557, into one piece of apparatus.
Measuring equipment which combines measuring functions or methods of testing, measuring or monitoring covered by the respective parts of IEC 61557 with those not covered by the respective parts of IEC 61557 is also within the scope of this document.
- Standard29 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
Modification to EN 50522:2022
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 63276:2024 specifies methods for the evaluation of the maximum export capacity of distributed energy resources (DER) that distribution networks can accommodate. It provides guidance on the technical constraints that should be considered in evaluating hosting capacity, information required to be collected to undertake a hosting capacity evaluation, and evaluation methods. This document is applicable to AC distribution networks operating at a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
This document does not specify allowable values of system parameters that can be impacted by the addition of DER on a distribution network, such as maximum or minimum voltage, maximum current, etc. These values are to be determined by the user, from international or national standards, local regulations or the like, and used as an input to the evaluation methods described in this document. This document is mainly used by distribution system operators (DSO) and other organizations with corresponding qualifications and capabilities. The evaluation results can serve the DER investors, DSO, energy sector regulators and other stakeholders as a decision-making basis.
- Technical specification30 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC 62501:2024 applies to self-commutated converter valves, for use in a three-phase bridge voltage sourced converter (VSC) for high voltage DC power transmission or as part of a back-to-back link, and to dynamic braking valves. It is restricted to electrical type and production tests. This document can be used as a guide for testing of high-voltage VSC valves used in energy storage systems (ESS). The tests specified in this document are based on air insulated valves. The test requirements and acceptance criteria can be used for guidance to specify the electrical type and production tests of other types of valves. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Conditions for use of evidence in lieu are inserted as a new Table 1;
b) Test parameters for valve support DC voltage test, 7.3.2, and MVU DC voltage test, 8.4.1, updated;
c) AC-DC voltage test between valve terminals, Clause 9, is restructured and alternative tests, by individual AC and DC voltage tests, added in 9.4.2;
d) Partial discharge test in routine test program is removed;
e) More information on valve component fault tolerance, Annex B, is added;
f) Valve losses determination is added as Annex C.
- Standard57 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 63336:2024, which is a technical specification, applies to the commissioning of voltage-sourced converter (VSC) high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems which consist of two converter stations and the connecting HVDC transmission line.
The tests are generally applied to all HVDC configurations and could require addition or deletion to match the given solution.
This document provides guidance on the planning of commissioning activities. The commissioning described in this document is implemented through on-site testing on the whole system functionality, including testing on the subsystem and system. This document provides the scope, procedures and acceptance criteria of the tests.
Factory system tests, on-site equipment tests, electrode tests, and trial operation are not included in this document.
- Technical specification61 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TR 61643-03:2024 applies to SPD testing in accordance with the IEC 61643-x1 series and for SPD coordination and system level immunity purposes.
It aims to provide guidance and helpful information for correct test execution and accurate interpretation of measurement results. It is also intended to further enhance repeatability and comparability throughout different test laboratories and to establish an acceptable accuracy level for the test results obtained.
The main subjects are: Test application, Test arrangement/setup, Probe application, SPD coordination testing, and System level immunity testing
- Technical report56 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TR 63127:2019(E) focuses on the system design of converter stations. It is applicable to point-to-point and back-to-back HVDC systems based on line-commutated converter (LCC) technology. This document provides guidance and supporting information on the procedure for system design and the technical issues involved in the system design of HVDC transmission projects for both purchaser and potential suppliers. It can be used as the basis for drafting a procurement specification and as a guide during project implementation.
- Technical report64 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical report128 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical report5 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Amendment11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
2022-06-02: CLC/TC 85X made a decision to temporarily remove the link, meanwhile working on the harmonziation issue via another amendment togther with CLC/TC 65X
- Amendment7 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC 60050-631:2024 gives the general terminology applicable to electrical energy storage systems, as well as general terms pertaining to specific applications and associated technologies. It has the status of a horizontal publication in accordance with IEC Guide 108.
This terminology is consistent with the terminology developed in the other specialized parts of the IEV.
This horizontal publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of IEC publications in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 108.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of horizontal publications in the preparation of its publications.
- Standard67 pagesEnglish and French languagesale 15% off
This document specifies the technical requirements for the protection functions and the operational capabilities for generating plants, intended to operate in parallel with LV distribution networks.
For practical reasons this document refers to the responsible party where requirements have to be defined by an actor other than the DSO e.g. TSO, member state, regulatory authorities according to the legal framework. Typically the DSO will inform the producer about these requirements.
- Amendment11 pagesEnglish languagesale 10% offe-Library read for1 day
IEC TS 62898-3-2:2024 provides technical requirements for the operation of energy management systems of microgrids. This document applies to utility-interconnected or islanded microgrids. This document describes specific recommendations for low-voltage (LV) and medium-voltage (MV) systems.
This document focuses on developing standards of energy management systems aimed for microgrids integrated in decentralized energy systems or public distribution grids. It concerns some particularities that are not totally covered by the existing conventional energy system. The microgrid energy management systems are being studied by various actors (utilities, manufacturers, and energy providers) on actual demonstration projects and application use case. The aims of this document are to make the state of the art of existing energy management systems used in actual microgrids projects, to classify the relevant functions which can be accomplished by microgrid energy management systems, and to recommend necessary technical requirements for energy management systems of future microgrids.
This document includes the following items:
• main performances of key components of microgrid: decentralized energy resources, energy storages and controllable loads),
• description of main functions and topological blocks of microgrid energy management systems (MEMS),
• specification of information exchange protocol between main function blocks, linked to microgrid monitoring and control systems (MMCS).
Main functions of MEMS:
• power and energy management among different resources within microgrid including active and reactive power flows with different time scales,
• power and energy forecasts of microgrid,
• energy balancing between upstream grid and microgrid energy resources according to power and energy forecast and upstream and local constraints,
• economic and environmental optimization,
• possible service capacities such as capacity market auctions and resiliency anticipation: new business models,
• data archiving, trending, reporting and evaluation of operation capacities in various operation modes.
MEMS can have some other additional functions according to microgrid size and actual application cases:
• tariff and market trading management,
• utility ancillary services such as frequency regulation, voltage regulation, power quality and reliability improvement, demand response possibilities, change of operation modes linked to MMCS.
- Technical specification70 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 63471:2023 provides a recommended DC voltage series for HVDC grids with a DC voltage above 1,5 kV. It concerns the selection of a nominal DC voltage of multi-terminal HVDC power transmission and distribution systems and meshed HVDC networks, grids, rather than a rated DC voltage or highest DC voltage.
There is no stringent requirement to consider this DC voltage series for the DC voltage selection for any stand-alone (not forming part of DC Grid) HVDC projects, e.g. a point-to-point HVDC power transmission and distribution system. However, in order to facilitate the later progression towards larger HVDC systems in the future the use of standardized DC voltages is very useful. At later stages, with multi-terminal systems and meshed HVDC grids, the use of harmonized voltages will indeed become essential in order to optimize both capital and operational costs. Also, for entirely new projects, system planning should include this outlook and can benefit from the use of the recommended DC voltage series.
- Technical specification8 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 62786-1:2023, which is a Technical Specification, provides principles and general technical requirements for distributed energy resources (DER) connected to an electric power network (in the following: the "network"). It applies to the planning, design, operation and connection of DER to networks. It includes general requirements, connection scheme, choice of switchgear, normal operating range, immunity to disturbances, active power response to frequency deviations, reactive power response to voltage changes, EMC and power quality, interface protection, connection and start to generate electrical power, active power management, monitoring, control and communication, and conformance tests.
It is supplemented by additional parts of IEC 62786 series, covering specific aspects.
This document specifies interface and interoperability requirements for connection of DER to a network operating at a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. These requirements are intended for application at the point of connection (POC) of the DER to the grid. In some situations, the requirements can be the applied at the AC terminals of the generator. Additional parts of IEC 62786 provide more specific requirements.
DER include distributed generation and electrical energy storage in the form of synchronous generators, asynchronous generators, power converters, etc., connected to the medium voltage (MV) or low voltage (LV) network.
- Technical specification47 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
IEC TS 62786-3:2023, which is a Technical Specification, provides principles and technical requirements for interconnection of distributed Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to the distribution network. It applies to the design, operation and testing of BESS interconnected to distribution networks. It includes the additional requirements for BESS, such as connection scheme, choice of switchgear, normal operating range, immunity to disturbance, active power response to frequency deviation, reactive power response to voltage variations and voltage changes, EMC and power quality, interface protection, connection and start to generate electric power, active power management, monitoring, control and communication, and grid-connected tests.
The stationary BESSs considered within the scope of this document include electrical forms such as lead-acid, lithium-ion, liquid flow and sodium-sulfur batteries, interconnected to medium voltage (MV) or low voltage (LV) distribution networks via bidirectional DC to AC power converters. This document will specify active and reactive power response and grid-connected testing for distributed BESS, as a supplement for IEC TS 62786-1:2023.
This document specifies interface requirements for connection of distributed BESS with the distribution network operating at a nominal frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
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IEC 61936-2:2023 provides, in a convenient form, requirements for the design and the erection of DC installations in systems with nominal voltages above 1,5 kV DC, so as to provide safety and proper functioning for the use intended.
For the purpose of interpreting this document, a DC installation is considered to be one of the following:
a) A converter station or DC switching station;
b) one (or more) DC generating or storage unit(s), such as solar farms or battery storage units, located on a single site, the DC installation includes DC equipment and cables with all associated power electronics, controlgear, switchgear and all electrical auxiliary systems. Connections between DC generating or storage units located on different sites are excluded;
c) DC installation erected on offshore facilities for the purpose of generation, transmission, distribution and/or storage of electricity; or
d) DC transition station (between overhead lines and underground cable or between different sections of underground cables).
This International Standard does not apply to the design and erection of any of the following:
- overhead and underground lines between separate installations;
- electric railways;
- mining equipment and installations;
i- installations on ships according to IEC 60092 series and offshore units according to IEC 61892 series, which are used in the offshore petroleum industry for drilling, processing and storage purposes;
- electrostatic equipment (e.g. electrostatic precipitators, spray-painting units);
- test sites;
- medical equipment, e.g. medical X-ray equipment;
- valve hall or converter hall.
This document does not apply to the requirements for carrying out live working on electrical installations.
This document does not apply to the design of factory-built, type-tested thyristor valves, VSC valves and switchgear for which separate IEC standards exist.
This first edition cancels and replaces the IEC TS 61936-2 published in 2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
See the foreword of this edition for the list of significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition.
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This document specifies the technical requirements for the protection functions and the operational capabilities for generating plants, intended to operate in parallel with LV distribution networks.
For practical reasons this document refers to the responsible party where requirements have to be defined by an actor other than the DSO e.g. TSO, member state, regulatory authorities according to the legal framework. Typically the DSO will inform the producer about these requirements.
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IEC TS 62898-2:2018 provides guidelines for operation of microgrids. Microgrids considered in this document are alternating current (AC) electrical systems with loads and distributed energy resources (DER) at low or medium voltage level. This document does not cover direct current (DC) microgrids.
IEC TS 62898-2 applies to operation and control of microgrids, including:
• operation modes and mode transfer;
• energy management system (EMS) and control of microgrids;
• communication and monitoring procedures;
• electrical energy storage;
• protection principle covering: principle for non-isolated microgrid, isolated microgrid, anti-islanding, synchronization and reclosing, power quality;
• commissioning, maintenance and test.
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IEC TS 62898-3-1:2020(E) provides guidelines for the specification of fault protection and dynamic control in microgrids. Protection and dynamic control in a microgrid are intended to ensure safe and stable operation of the microgrid under fault and disturbance conditions.
This document applies to AC microgrids comprising single or three-phase networks or both. It includes both isolated microgrids and non-isolated microgrids with a single point of connection (POC) to the upstream distribution network. It does not apply to microgrids with two or more points of connection to the upstream distribution network, although such systems can follow the guidelines given in this document. This document applies to microgrids operating at LV or MV or both. DC and hybrid AC/DC microgrids are excluded from the scope, due to the particular characteristics of DC systems (extremely large fault currents and the absence of naturally occurring current zero crossings).
This document defines the principles of protection and dynamic control for microgrids, general technical requirements, and specific technical requirements of fault protection and dynamic control. It addresses new challenges in microgrid protection requirements, transient disturbance control and dynamic disturbance control requirements for microgrids. It focuses on the differences between conventional power system protection and new possible solutions for microgrid protection functions.
Depending on specific situations, additional or stricter requirements can be defined by the microgrid operator in coordination with the distribution system operator (DSO).
This document does not cover protection and dynamic control of active distribution systems. This document does not cover product requirements for measuring relays and protection equipment.
This document does not cover safety aspects in low voltage electrical installations, which are covered by IEC 60364 (all parts and amendments related to low-voltage electrical installations). Requirements relating to low voltage microgrids can be found in IEC 60364-8-2.
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IEC TS 63189-2:2023 is applicable to virtual power plants (VPPs) that consist of distributed generation, controllable loads, and electrical energy storages.
This part of IEC 63189 is to provide VPPs use cases that capture the basic information, business roles, actors, scenarios, and processes.
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2022-06-02: CLC/TC 85X made a decision to temporarily remove the link, meanwhile working on the harmonziation issue via another amendment togther with CLC/TC 65X
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IEC TS 63291-1:2023 contains guidelines on planning, specification, and execution of multi-vendor HVDC grid systems also referred to as HVDC grids. The terms "HVDC grid systems" or "HVDC grids" are used in this document to describe HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two HVDC stations connected to a common DC circuit. The DC circuit can be of radial or meshed topology or a combination thereof. In this document, the term "HVDC grids" is used.
While this document focuses on requirements specific for HVDC grids, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e., including point‑to‑point HVDC systems. Existing IEC (e.g. IEC TR 63363-1 [1]), Cigre or other relevant documents have been used for reference as far as possible.
Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e. those having typically nominal DC voltages higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document.
NOTE While the physical principles of DC networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower DC voltage levels, e.g. in case of converters or switchgear.
This document covers technical aspects of:
- coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems,
- HVDC grid characteristics,
- HVDC grid control,
- HVDC grid protection,
- AC/DC converter stations,
- HVDC grid installations, including DC switching stations and HVDC transmission lines,
- studies and associated models,
- testing.
Beyond the scope of this document, the following content is proposed for future work:
DC/DC converter stations.
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IEC TS 63291-2:2023 defines aspects on planning, specification, and execution of multi-vendor HVDC grid systems also referred to as HVDC grids. The terms "HVDC grid systems" or "HVDC grids" are used in this document to describe HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two HVDC stations connected to a common DC circuit. The DC circuit can be of radial or meshed topology or a combination thereof. In this document, the term "HVDC grids" is used.
While this document focuses on requirements specific for HVDC grids, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e., including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing IEC (e.g., IEC TR 63363-1 [1]), Cigre or other relevant documents have been used for reference as far as possible.
Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e., those having typically nominal DC voltages higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document.
NOTE While the physical principles of DC networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower DC voltage levels, e.g. in the case of converters or switchgear.
This document covers technical aspects of:
- coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems,
- HVDC grid characteristics,
- HVDC grid control,
- HVDC grid protection,
- AC/DC converter stations,
- HVDC grid installations, including DC switching stations and HVDC transmission lines,
- studies and associated models,
- testing.
Beyond the scope of this document, the following content is proposed for future work:
DC/DC converter stations.
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IEC TS 63189-1:2023 covers the terms and definitions, system composition and control modes of virtual power plant (VPP). It defines the functional requirements for VPPs, including power generation forecasting, load forecasting, generation and consumption scheduling, control and management of energy storage devices and loads, coordinated optimization of distributed energy resources, status monitoring and communication, data collection and analysis, and market transactions.
Since a virtual power plant is a cluster of dispersed energy converting installations, which are aggregated, it uses additional systems to achieve its objectives (e.g. regional energy meteorology forecasting, site specific energy management systems, SCADA and other communication systems).
Local regulations, the electricity market model and the corresponding manner of organising the market related to the utilisation of controllable DER affect the management, control and operation of VPPs.
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IEC TS 62898-1:2017(E) provides guidelines for microgrid projects planning and specification. Microgrids considered in this document are alternating current (AC) electrical systems with loads and distributed energy resources (DER) at low or medium voltage level. This document does not cover direct current (DC) microgrids.
Microgrids are classified into isolated microgrids and non-isolated microgrids. Isolated microgrids have no electrical connection to a wider electric power system. Non-isolated microgrids can act as controllable units to the electric power system and can operate in the following two modes:
- grid-connected mode;
- island mode.
This document will cover the following areas:
- microgrid application, resource analysis, generation forecast, and load forecast;
- DER planning and microgrid power system planning;
- high level technical requirements for DER in microgrids, for microgrid connection to the distribution system, and for control, protection and communication systems;
- evaluation of microgrid projects.
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