TC 62 - Medical equipment, software, and systems

IEC 80601-2-49:2018 applies to basic safety and essential performance requirements of multifunction patient monitors, hereafter referred to as ME equipment or medical electrical systems. This particular standard applies to multifunction patient monitors intended for use in professional healthcare facilities as well as in the emergency medical service environment or the home healthcare environment.
The scope of this document is restricted to ME equipment or medical electrical systems intended for connection to a single patient that has two or more physiological monitoring units.
For purposes of this document, a pregnant mother and her fetus(es) are considered a single patient.
This document does not specify requirements for individual physiological monitoring units such as ECG, invasive pressure and pulse oximetry. The particular standards related to these physiological monitoring units specify requirements from the perspective of stand-alone ME equipment. This particular standard addresses the additional requirements related to multifunction patient monitors. Multifunction patient monitors can be integrated into other ME equipment or medical electrical systems. When this is the case, other relevant standards also apply.
This document does not apply to implantable parts of multifunction patient monitors.
This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 60601-2-49, published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision to align with the current edition and Amendment to IEC 60601-1, new versions of collateral standards and amendments thereto. Major changes are in Clause 208 because many of the former requirements are now addressed by IEC 60601-1-8.

NOTE 1 There is guidance or rationale for this subclause contained in Clause AA.2.
This document applies to the basic safety and essential performance of ventilatory support equipment, as defined in 201.3.302, for ventilatory impairment, as defined in 201.3.300, hereafter also referred to as ME equipment, in combination with its accessories:
- intended for use in the home healthcare environment;
NOTE 2 In the home healthcare environment, the supply mains driving the ventilatory support equipment is often not reliable.
NOTE 3 Such ventilatory support equipment can also be used in professional health care facilities.
- intended for use by a lay operator;
- intended for use with patients who have ventilatory impairment, the most fragile of these patients, would not likely experience injury with the loss of this artificial ventilation; and
- not intended for patients who are dependent on artificial ventilation for their immediate life support.
EXAMPLE 1 Patients with mild to moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Ventilatory support equipment is not considered to use a physiologic closed-loop control system unless it uses a physiological patient variable to adjust the artificial ventilation therapy settings.
This document is also applicable to those accessories intended by their manufacturer to be connected to the breathing system of ventilatory support equipment for ventilatory impairment, where the characteristics of those accessories can affect the basic safety or essential performance of the ventilatory support equipment for ventilatory impairment.
EXAMPLE 2 Breathing sets, connectors, water traps, expiratory valve, humidifier, breathing system filter, external electrical power source, distributed alarm system.
If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME equipment only, or to ME systems only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME equipment and to ME systems, as relevant.
Hazards inherent in the intended physiological function of ME equipment or ME systems within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in IEC 60601‑1:2005+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2020, 7.2.13 and 8.4.1.
NOTE 4 Additional information can be found in IEC 60601‑1:2005+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2020, 4.2.
NOTE 5 See ISO/TR 21954 for guidance on the selection of the appropriate ventilator for a given patient.
This document does not specify the requirements for:
- ventilators or accessories for ventilator-dependent patients intended for critical care applications, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑12;
- ventilators or accessories intended for anaesthetic applications, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑13;
- ventilators or accessories intended for the emergency medical services environment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑84;
- ventilators or accessories intended for ventilator-dependent patients in the home healthcare environment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑72;
- ventilatory support equipment or accessories intended for ventilatory insufficiency, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑80;
- sleep apnoea therapy ME equipment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑70;
- high-frequency jet ventilators (HFJVs), which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑87;
- high-frequency oscillatory ventilators (HFOVs);
- respiratory high flow equipment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑90;
NOTE 6 Ventilatory support equipment can incorporate high-flow therapy operational mode, but such a mode is only for spontaneously breathing patients.
- user-powered resuscitators, which are given in ISO 10651-4;
- gas-powered emergency resuscitators, which are given in ISO 10651-5;
- oxygen therapy constant flow ME equipment; and
- cuirass or “iron-lung” ventilation equipment.

NOTE 1 There is guidance or rationale for this subclause contained in Clause AA.2.
This document applies to the basic safety and essential performance of ventilatory support equipment, as defined in 201.3.302, for ventilatory insufficiency, as defined in 201.3.302, hereafter also referred to as ME equipment, in combination with its accessories:
- intended for use in the home healthcare environment;
NOTE 2 In the home healthcare environment, the supply mains driving the ventilatory support equipment is often not reliable.
NOTE 3 Such ventilatory support equipment can also be used in professional health care facilities.
- intended for use by a lay operator;
- intended for use with patients who have ventilatory insufficiency or failure, the most fragile of which would likely experience injury with the loss of this artificial ventilation;
- intended for transit-operable use; and
- not intended for patients who are dependent on artificial ventilation for their immediate life support.
EXAMPLE 1 Patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), moderate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia or muscular dystrophy.
Ventilatory support equipment is not considered to use a physiologic closed-loop control system unless it uses a physiological patient variable to adjust the artificial ventilation therapy settings.
This document is also applicable to those accessories intended by their manufacturer to be connected to the ventilator breathing system of ventilatory support equipment for ventilatory insufficiency, where the characteristics of those accessories can affect the basic safety or essential performance of the ventilatory support equipment for ventilatory insufficiency.
EXAMPLE 2 Breathing sets, connectors, water traps, expiratory valve, humidifier, breathing system filter, external electrical power source, distributed alarm system.
If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME equipment only, or to ME systems only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME equipment and to ME systems, as relevant.
Hazards inherent in the intended physiological function of ME equipment or ME systems within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in IEC 60601‑1:2005+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2020, 7.2.13 and 8.4.1.
NOTE 4 Additional information can be found in IEC 60601‑1:2005+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2020, 4.2.
NOTE 5 See ISO/TR 21954 for guidance on the selection of the appropriate ventilator for a given patient.
This document does not specify the requirements for:
- ventilators or accessories for ventilator-dependent patients intended for critical care applications, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑12;
- ventilators or accessories intended for anaesthetic applications, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑13;
- ventilators or accessories intended for the emergency medical services environment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑84;
- ventilators or accessories intended for ventilator-dependent patients in the home healthcare environment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑72;
- ventilatory support equipment or accessories intended for ventilatory impairment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑79;
- sleep apnoea therapy ME equipment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑70;
- high-frequency jet ventilators (HFJVs), which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑87;
- high-frequency oscillatory ventilators (HFOVs);
- respiratory high flow equipment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑90;
NOTE 6 Ventilatory support equipment can incorporate high-flow therapy operational mode, but such a mode is only for spontaneously breathing patients.
- user-powered resuscitators, which are given in ISO 10651-4;
- gas-powered emergency resuscitators, which are given in ISO 10651-5;
- oxygen therapy constant flow ME equipment; and
- cuirass or “iron-lung” ventilation equipment.

IEC 61674:2024 specifies the performance and some related constructional requirements of DIAGNOSTIC DOSIMETERS intended for the measurement of AIR KERMA, AIR KERMA LENGTH PRODUCT or AIR KERMA RATE, in photon radiation fields used in medical X-ray imaging, such as RADIOGRAPHY, RADIOSCOPY and COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT), for X-RADIATION with generating potentials in the range of 20 kV to 150 kV. This document is applicable to the performance of DOSIMETERS with VENTED IONIZATION CHAMBERS and/or SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS as used in X-ray diagnostic imaging.
IEC 61674:2024 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) for mammography, the manufacturer specifies the REFERENCE VALUE for the RADIATION QUALITY;
b) for mammography, the manufacturer provides the MINIMUM RATED RANGE of RADIATION QUALITIES for the compliance test on energy dependence of response;
c) the compliance test for analogue displays was removed;
d) the compliance tests for range reset, the effect of leakage and recombination losses were removed. These tests are already covered by the test on linearity and cannot be conducted for modern devices. The estimation of COMBINED STANDARD UNCERTAINTY was changed accordingly;
e) the compliance test for mains rechargeable and battery-operated dosimeters were updated for modern devices

This document specifies the design and dimensions for two small-bore connectors intended to be used for connections in respiratory applications of medical devices and accessories. One connector (R1) is intended for use on medical devices and accessories subjected to pressures up to 15 kPa (e.g. a breathing system). The other connector (R2) is intended for use on medical devices and accessories subjected to higher pressures between 15 kPa and 600 kPa (e.g. oxygen therapy tubing).
NOTE 1 The pressure is related to pressure available at the source to which the medical device is connected.
NOTE 2 The intended application does not preclude the use of other connectors on medical devices or accessories within this application.
NOTE 3 Requirements for alternative connectors for this intended application are specified in ISO 80369-1.
This document does not specify requirements for the medical devices or accessories that use these connectors. Such requirements are given in device-specific standards.
NOTE 4 If a device-specific standard does not exist, the performance and material requirements specified in ISO 80369-1 can be used as guidance.

IEC 60601-2-37:2024 applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of ULTRASONIC DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT as defined in 201.3.217, hereinafter referred to as ME EQUIPMENT. If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME EQUIPMENT only, or to ME SYSTEMS only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as relevant. HAZARDS inherent in the intended physiological function of ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEMS within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in 201.7.2.13. This document does not cover ultrasonic therapeutic equipment. Equipment used for the imaging or diagnosis of body structures by ultrasound in conjunction with other medical procedures is covered. IEC 60601-2-37:2024 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2007 and Amendment 1:2015. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) technical and editorial changes resulting from the amended general standard IEC 60601 1:2005, IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD2:2020 and its collateral standards IEC 60601-1-xx,
b) technical and editorial changes as a result of maintenance to normative references;
c) technical and editorial changes resulting from relevant developments in TC 87 Ultrasonics standards. In particular, Clause 201.11 about protection against excessive temperatures and other hazards has been fully revised.

IEC TS 60601-4-6:2024 provides practical methods to help achieve basic safety and essential performance with regard to the possible effects of em disturbances throughout the expected service life of me equipment or an me system.
These practical methods attempt to address all of the different types of errors, malfunctions or failures that can be caused by em disturbances in me equipment or me systems.
The purpose of this document is to provide recommendations for the techniques and measures used in the design, verification, and validation of systems, hardware, software, and firmware used in me equipment or me systems to help achieve basic safety and essential performance with regard to the em disturbances that could occur throughout the expected service life.

This document specifies test methods for the exoskeleton-type walking RACA robot used as medical electrical equipment which is intended to move from one location to another, by making reciprocating motion having intermittent contact with the travel surface.
This document does not apply to passive or non-powered exoskeletons.
NOTE These tests can be used to verify conformity with the requirements of IEC 80601-2-78.

IEC 61223-3-8:2024 applies to evaluation of the imaging performance and related quality control parameters of X‑ray equipment for radiography and radioscopy that conform to IEC 60601-2-54:2022 or IEC 60601-2-43:2022.
This document applies to the evaluation of the imaging performance of the entire imaging chain from image acquisition, image processing and image display.
This document applies to acceptance tests and constancy tests, which are part of the quality assurance program in medical imaging departments and are intended to be performed by or under the responsibility of the responsible organization. A detailed discussion of the position of these tests within the medical radiological equipment lifecycle is provided in Clause A.2. The methods included rely mainly on non-invasive measurements that use appropriate test equipment and are performed after the installation is completed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
IEC 60601-2-54:2022 and IEC 60601-2-43:2022 require information to be provided to the responsible organization with respect to quality control. This document provides guidance to manufacturers regarding the acceptance and constancy tests for the X‑ray equipment in a manufacturer supplied quality control manual. Annex G provides guidance for such a manual.

IEC TS 60601-4-2:2024 applies to the performance of MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT or a MEDICAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM in the presence of EM DISTURBANCES. Hereafter, MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT or a MEDICAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM are referred to as ME EQUIPMENT or an ME SYSTEM, respectively.
The object of this document is to provide guidance on the assessment of the performance of ME EQUIPMENT or an ME SYSTEM in the presence of EM DISTURBANCES.
IEC TS 60601-4-2:2024 cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC TR 60601-4-2 published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC TR 60601-4-2:2016:
a) aligned with IEC 60601-1-2:2014 and IEC 60601-1-2:2014/AMD1:2020,
b) updated references,
c) changed conducted disturbance cable length exclusion (Table 6) from 3 m to 1 m and added a citation of IEC 61000-4-6:2013, Annex B.

IEC 80601-2-78:2019 applies to the general requirements for BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of MEDICAL ROBOTS that physically interact with a PATIENT with an IMPAIRMENT to support or perform REHABILITATION, ASSESSMENT, COMPENSATION or ALLEVIATION related to the PATIENT’S MOVEMENT FUNCTIONS, as intended by the MANUFACTURER.
IEC 80601-2-78:2019 does not apply to
• external limb prosthetic devices (use ISO 22523),
• electric wheelchairs (use ISO 7176 (all parts)),
• diagnostic imaging equipment (e.g. MRI, use IEC 60601-2-33), and
• personal care ROBOTS (use ISO 13482).

IEC 80601-2-58:2024 applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of LENS REMOVAL DEVICES and VITRECTOMY DEVICES for ophthalmic surgery (as defined in 201.3.209 and 201.3.217) and associated ACCESSORIES that can be connected to this MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, hereafter referred to as ME EQUIPMENT. If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME EQUIPMENT only, or to ME SYSTEMS only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as relevant.
HAZARDS inherent in the intended physiological function of ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEMS within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in 7.2.13 of IEC 60601-1:2005 and IEC 60601 1:2005/AMD2:2020 and 8.4.1 of IEC 60601-1:2005.
IEC 80601-2-58:2024 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2014 and its Amendment 1:2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the alignment of this particular standard based on the amendment of IEC 60601-1:2005, IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD2:2020;
b) updating collateral, particular and IEC 60601-1:2005, IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD2:2020 references to align with amendments to IEC 60601-1:2005, IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD2:2020 and other collateral standards;
c) updated normative references;
d) added new requirement for particulate matter from APPLIED PARTS in 201.9.5.101;
e) adding the shadow light method in 201.12.1.101.7;
f) clarify test conditions for EMC requirements in 202.7.1.2;
g) updated Table D.4 references to include specific IEC references to the symbols and delete “Annex AA, 201.7.6.101”;
h) include a new annex to address the relevant general safety and performance requirements of European regulation (EU) 2017/745 (Annex BB);
i) remove all references of the LIQUEFACTION FRAGMENTATION LENS REMOVAL method.

IEC 80601-2-26:2019 applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHS as defined in 201.3.204, hereafter also referred to as ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEM. This document is applicable to ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHS intended for use in professional healthcare facilities, the EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES ENVIRONMENT or the HOME HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENT.
This document does not cover requirements for other equipment used in electroencephalography such as:
– phono-photic stimulators;
– EEG data storage and retrieval;
– ME EQUIPMENT particularly intended for monitoring during electro-convulsive therapy.
If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME EQUIPMENT only, or to ME SYSTEMS only, the title or content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as follows.
The clause or subclause applies to ME EQUIPMENT, as default. For ME EQUIPMENT with the corresponding safety measure or function not completely integrated into the ME EQUIPMENT but instead implemented in an ME SYSTEM, the ME EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER specifies in the ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS which functionality and safety requirements are provided by the ME SYSTEM to comply with this document. The ME SYSTEM is verified accordingly.
HAZARDS inherent in the intended physiological function of ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEMS within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document.
IEC 80601-2-26:2019 cancels and replaces the third edition of IEC 60601-2-26 published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision to align with Amendment 1:2012 of IEC 60601-1:2005, new versions of collateral standards and amendments thereto.
The contents of the corrigendum of October 2021 have been included in this copy.

IEC 60601-2-35:2020 applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of HEATING DEVICES using BLANKETS, PADS or MATTRESSES in medical use, also referred to as ME EQUIPMENT. HEATING DEVICES intended to prewarm a bed are included in the scope of this document.
If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME EQUIPMENT only, or to ME SYSTEMS only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as relevant.
If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to a specifically defined type of ME EQUIPMENT, as is the case with FORCED AIR DEVICES, then the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as relevant.
HAZARDS inherent in the intended physiological function of ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEMS within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document, except in 7.2.13 and 8.4.1 of the general standard.
IEC 60601-2-35:2020 does not apply to:
- HEATING DEVICES intended for physiotherapy;
- INFANT RADIANT WARMERS; for information, see IEC 60601-2-21;
- INFANT INCUBATORS; for information, see IEC 60601-2-19;
- INFANT TRANSPORT INCUBATORS, for information, see IEC 60601-2-20;
- cooling devices.
IEC 60601-2-35:2020 cancels and replaces IEC 80601-2-35 published in 2009 and Amendment 1:2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
IEC 60601-2-35:2020 includes the following significant technical change with respect to the previous edition: re-dating of normative references.

IEC 80601-2-77:2019 applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of ROBOTICALLY ASSISTED SURGICAL EQUIPMENT (RASE) and ROBOTICALLY ASSISTED SURGICAL SYSTEMS (RASS), referred to as ME EQUIPMENT and ME SYSTEMS together with their INTERACTION CONDITIONS and INTERFACE CONDITIONS.

IEC 60601-2-20:2020 applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of INFANT TRANSPORT INCUBATOR equipment, as defined in 201.3.208, also referred to as ME EQUIPMENT. If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME EQUIPMENT only, or to ME SYSTEMS only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as relevant. HAZARDS inherent in the intended physiological function of ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEMS within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document, except in 7.2.13 and 8.4.1 of the general standard. IEC 60601-2-20:2020 specifies safety requirements for INFANT TRANSPORT INCUBATORS, but alternate methods of compliance with a specific clause, by demonstrating equivalent safety, will not be judged as non-compliant, if the MANUFACTURER has demonstrated in his RISK MANAGEMENT FILE that the RISK presented by the HAZARD has been found to be of an acceptable level when weighed against the benefit of treatment from the device.
This particular standard does not apply to:
- devices supplying heat via BLANKETS, PADS or MATTRESSES in medical use; for information, see IEC 60601-2-35;
- INFANT INCUBATORS which are not INFANT TRANSPORT INCUBATOR; for information see IEC 60601-2-19;
- INFANT RADIANT WARMERS; for information, see IEC 60601-2-21;
- INFANT PHOTOTHERAPY; for information, see IEC 60601-2-50.
IEC 60601-2-20:2020 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2009 and Amendment 1:2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
IEC 60601-2-20:2020 includes the following significant technical change with respect to the previous edition: re-dating of normative references.

IEC 60601-2-19:2020 applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of INFANT INCUBATORS, as defined in 201.3.209, also referred to as ME EQUIPMENT. If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME EQUIPMENT only, or to ME SYSTEMS only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as relevant. HAZARDS inherent in the intended physiological function of ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEMS within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document, except in 7.2.13 and 8.4.1 of the general standard. IEC 60601-2-19:2020 specifies safety requirements for INFANT INCUBATORS, but alternate methods of compliance with a specific clause, by demonstrating equivalent safety, will not be judged as non-compliant, if the MANUFACTURER has demonstrated in his RISK MANAGEMENT FILE that the RISK presented by the HAZARD has been found to be of an acceptable level when weighed against the benefit of treatment from the device.
IEC 60601-2-19:2020 does not apply to:
- INFANT TRANSPORT INCUBATORS; for information, see IEC 60601-2-20;
- INFANT RADIANT WARMERS; for information, see IEC 60601-2-21;
- devices supplying heat via BLANKETS, PADS or MATTRESSES in medical use; for information, see IEC 60601-2-35;
- INFANT PHOTOTHERAPY EQUIPMENT; for information see IEC 60601-2-50.
SKIN TEMPERATURE SENSORS which are applied to operate a BABY CONTROLLED INCUBATOR including the displayed value are not considered to be a CLINICAL THERMOMETER in the sense of the particular standard ISO 80601-2-56. IEC 60601-2-19:2020 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2009 and Amendment 1:2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. IEC 60601-2-19:2020 includes the following significant technical change with respect to the previous edition: re-dating of normative references.

IEC 60601-2-21:2020 applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of INFANT RADIANT WARMERS as defined in 201.3.204, also referred to as ME EQUIPMENT. If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME EQUIPMENT only, or to ME SYSTEMS only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as relevant. HAZARDS inherent in the intended physiological function of ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEMS within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document, except in 7.2.13 and 8.4.1 of the general standard. IEC 60601-2-21:2020 specifies the safety requirements for INFANT RADIANT WARMERS, but alternate methods of compliance with a specific clause, by demonstrating equivalent safety, will not be judged as non-compliant, if the MANUFACTURER has demonstrated in his RISK MANAGEMENT FILE that the RISK presented by the HAZARD has been found to be of an acceptable level when weighed against the benefit of treatment from the device.
This particular standard does not apply to:
- devices supplying heat via BLANKETS, PADS or MATTRESSES in medical use; for information, see IEC 60601-2-35;
- INFANT INCUBATORS; for information, see IEC 60601-2-19;
- INFANT TRANSPORT INCUBATORS, for information, see IEC 60601-2-20;
- INFANT PHOTOTHERAPY EQUIPMENT, for information, see IEC 60601-2-50.
SKIN TEMPERATURE SENSORS which are applied to operate a BABY CONTROLLED RADIANT WARMER including the displayed value are not considered to be a CLINICAL THERMOMETER in the sense of the particular standard ISO 80601-2-56. IEC 60601-2-21:2020 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2009 and Amendment 1:2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. IEC 60601-2-21:2020 includes the following significant technical change with respect to the previous edition: alignment with IEC 60601-1:2005 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012.

ISO 80601-2-12:2023 This document applies to the basic safety and essential performance of a critical care ventilator in combination with its accessories, hereafter referred to as ME equipment:
- intended for use in an environment that provides specialized care for patients whose conditions can be life-threatening and who can require comprehensive care and constant monitoring in a professional healthcare facility;
NOTE 2 For the purposes of this document, such an environment is referred to as a critical care environment. Ventilators for this environment are considered life-sustaining.
NOTE 3 For the purposes of this document, such a critical care ventilator can provide ventilation during transport within a professional healthcare facility (i.e. be a transit-operable ventilator).
NOTE 4 A critical care ventilator intended for use in transport within a professional healthcare facility is not considered as an emergency medical services environment ventilator.
- intended to be operated by a healthcare professional operator; and
- intended for those patients who need differing levels of support from artificial ventilation including for ventilator-dependent patients.
A critical care ventilator is not considered to use a physiologic closed-loop-control system unless it uses a physiological patient variable to adjust the artificial ventilation therapy settings.
This document is also applicable to those accessories intended by their manufacturer to be connected to a ventilator breathing system, or to a ventilator, where the characteristics of those accessories can affect the basic safety or essential performance of the ventilator.
NOTE 5 If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME equipment only, or to ME systems only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME equipment and to ME systems, as relevant.
Hazards inherent in the intended physiological function of ME equipment or ME systems within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in IEC 60601-1:2005+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2020, 7.2.13 and 8.4.1.
NOTE 6 Additional information can be found in IEC 60601-1:2005+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2020, 4.2.
This document is not applicable to ME equipment or an ME system operating in a ventilator-operational mode solely intended for patients who are not dependent on artificial ventilation.
NOTE 7 A critical care ventilator, when operating in such a ventilator-operational mode, is not considered life-sustaining.
This document is not applicable to ME equipment that is intended solely to augment the ventilation of spontaneously breathing patients within a professional healthcare facility.
This document does not specify the requirements for:
NOTE 8 See ISO/TR 21954 for guidance on the selection of the appropriate ventilator for a given patient.
- ventilators or accessories intended for anaesthetic applications, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑13;
- ventilators or accessories intended for the emergency medical services environment, which are given in ISO 80601-2-84;
- ventilators or accessories intended for ventilator-dependent patients in the home healthcare environment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2-72;
- ventilators or accessories intended for home-care ventilatory support devices, which are given in ISO 80601-2-79 and ISO 80601-2-80;
- obstructive sleep apnoea therapy ME equipment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑70;
- continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ME equipment.
- high-frequency ventilators, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑87;
NOTE 9 A critical care ventilator can incorporate high-frequency jet or high-frequency oscillatory ventilator-operational modes.
- respiratory high-flow therapy equipment, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑90;
NOTE 10 A critical care ventilator can incorporate high-flow therapy operational mode, but such a mode is only for spontaneously breathin

ISO 80601-2-84:2023 This document applies to the basic safety and essential performance of an EMS ventilator in combination with its accessories, hereafter also referred to as ME equipment:
- intended for patients who need differing levels of support from artificial ventilation including ventilator-dependent patients;
- intended to be operated by a healthcare professional operator;
- intended for use in the EMS environment; and
- intended for invasive or non-invasive ventilation.
NOTE 2 An EMS ventilator can also be used for transport within a professional healthcare facility.
An EMS ventilator is not considered to use a physiologic closed loop-control system unless it uses a physiological patient variable to adjust the artificial ventilation therapy settings.
This document is also applicable to those accessories intended by their manufacturer to be connected to the ventilator breathing system, or to an EMS ventilator, where the characteristics of those accessories can affect the basic safety or essential performance of the EMS ventilator.
NOTE 3 If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME equipment only, or to ME systems only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME equipment and to ME systems, as relevant.
Hazards inherent in the intended physiological function of ME equipment or ME systems within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in IEC 60601‑1:2005+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2020, 7.2.13 and 8.4.1.
NOTE 4 Additional information can be found in IEC 60601-1:2005+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2020, 4.2.
This document does not specify the requirements for the following:
NOTE 5 See ISO/TR 21954 for guidance on the selection of the appropriate ventilator for a given patient.
- ventilators or accessories intended for ventilator-dependent patients in critical care applications, which are given in ISO 80601-2-12.
- ventilators or accessories intended for ventilator-dependent patients in the home healthcare environment, which are given in ISO 80601-2-72.
- ventilators or accessories intended for anaesthetic applications, which are given in ISO 80601‑2‑13.
- ventilators or accessories intended for ventilatory support equipment (intended only to augment the ventilation of spontaneously breathing patients), which are given in ISO 80601‑2-79 and ISO 80601-2-80.
- obstructive sleep apnoea therapy ME equipment, which are given in ISO 80601‐2‐70.
- user-powered resuscitators, which are given in ISO 10651‐4.
- gas-powered emergency resuscitators, which are given in ISO 10651‐5.
- continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ME equipment.
- high‐frequency jet ventilators (HFJVs), which are given in ISO 80601-2-87.
- high‐frequency oscillatory ventilators (HFOVs)[44], which are given in ISO 80601-2-87.
NOTE 6 An EMS ventilator can incorporate high-frequency jet or high-frequency oscillatory ventilation-modes.
- respiratory high-flow therapy equipment, which are given in ISO 80601-2-90.
NOTE 7 An EMS ventilator can incorporate high-flow therapy operational mode, but such a mode is only for spontaneously breathing patients.
- oxygen therapy constant flow ME equipment.
- cuirass or “iron‐lung” ventilators.

IEC 60601-2-50:2020 applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of INFANT PHOTOTHERAPY EQUIPMENT, as defined in 201.3.203, also referred to as ME EQUIPMENT. If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME EQUIPMENT only, or to ME SYSTEMS only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as relevant. HAZARDS inherent in the intended physiological function of ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEMS within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document, except in 7.2.13 and 8.4.1 of the general standard. IEC 60601-2-50:2020 specifies safety requirements for INFANT PHOTOTHERAPY EQUIPMENT, but alternate methods of compliance with a specific clause by demonstrating equivalent safety will not be judged as non-compliant if the MANUFACTURER has demonstrated in his RISK MANAGEMENT FILE that the RISK presented by the HAZARD has been found to be of an acceptable level when weighed against the benefit of treatment from the device.
IEC 60601-2-50:2020 does not apply to:
- devices supplying heat via BLANKETS, PADS or MATTRESSES in medical use; for information, see IEC 60601-2-35;
- INFANT INCUBATORS; for information, see IEC 60601-2-19;
- INFANT TRANSPORT INCUBATORS; for information, see IEC 60601-2-20;
- INFANT RADIANT WARMERS; for information, see IEC 60601-2-21.
IEC 60601-2-50:2020 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2009 and Amendment 1:2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. IEC 60601-2-50:2020 includes the following significant technical change with respect to the previous edition: re-dating of normative references.

IEC 60601-2-76:2018 applies to the basic safety and essential performance of low energy ionized gas haemostasis equipment.
Hazards inherent in the intended physiological function of ME Equipment or ME Systems within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in 7.2.13 and 8.4.1 of the general standard.
This particular standard amends and supplements IEC 60601-1:2005 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012.

IEC 62220-2-1:2023 describes the performance metrics associated with DUAL-ENERGY IMAGING capable DIGITAL X-RAY IMAGING DEVICES meant for medical applications and specifies the methods for their determination. These metrics can be used to analyse TISSUE-SUBTRACTED IMAGES and to evaluate dose performance, noise characteristics, and tissue-subtraction efficacy of DIGITAL X-RAY IMAGING DEVICES. The described methods indicate the procedures to obtain MULTI-SPECTRAL PRIMARY DATA and to compute their derived TISSUE-SUBTRACTED IMAGES.
The intended users of this document are MANUFACTURERS and well-equipped test laboratories. This document is restricted to DIGITAL X-RAY IMAGING DEVICES that are used for single or multiple exposure dual-energy radiographic imaging based on, for example, CR systems, direct and indirect flat panel-detector based systems.
This document excludes and is not applicable to:
– DIGITAL X-RAY IMAGING DEVICES intended to be used in mammography or in dental RADIOGRAPHY;
– slot scanning DIGITAL X-RAY IMAGING DEVICES;
– COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY or CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY;
– photon-energy discriminating devices such as photon counting X-RAY IMAGING DEVICES;
– devices for dynamic imaging (where series of images are acquired, as in fluoroscopy or cardiac imaging).
– DIGITAL X-RAY IMAGING DEVICES intended to be used with RADIOTHERAPY beams.

ISO/IEC 80601-2-72:2023 This document applies to the basic safety and essential performance of a ventilator in combination with its accessories, hereafter referred to as ME equipment:
- intended for use in the home healthcare environment;
- intended for use by a lay operator; and
- intended for those patients who need differing levels of support from artificial ventilation including for ventilator-dependent patients.
This document is also applicable to those accessories intended by their manufacturer to be connected to a ventilator breathing system or to a ventilator where the characteristics of those accessories can affect the basic safety or essential performance of the ventilator.

IEC 60601-2-46:2023 specifies safety requirements for operating tables, whether or not having electrical parts, including transporters, used for the transportation of the operating table top to or from the base or pedestal of an operating table with detachable operating table top. This particular standard does not apply to
- dental patient chairs (see ISO 7494-1),
- examination chairs and couches,
- patient-supporting systems of diagnostic, interventional and therapeutic equipment (see IEC 60601-2-54 or IEC 60601-2-43),
- operating table heating blankets (see IEC 60601-2-35),
- patient transfer equipment,
- delivery tables and delivery beds,
- medical beds (see IEC 60601-2-52 and EN 50637), and
- field tables.
IEC 60601-2-46:2023 cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical change with respect to the previous edition: structural alignment with IEC 60601-1:2005, IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD2:2020.

IEC 61676:2023 specifies the performance requirements of instruments as used in the non-invasive measurement of X-RAY tube voltage up to 150 kV and the relevant compliance tests. This document also describes the method for calibration and gives guidance for estimating the uncertainty in measurements performed under conditions different from those during calibration. Applications for such measurement are found in diagnostic radiology including mammography, computed tomography (CT), dental radiology and radioscopy. This document is not concerned with the safety aspect of such instruments. The requirements for electrical safety applying to them are contained in IEC 61010-1. IEC 61676:2023 cancels and replaces first edition published in 2002, Amendment 1:2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It includes an assessment of the combined standard uncertainty for the performance of a hypothetical instrument for the non-invasive measurement of the tube high voltage (in Annex A) which replaces Annex A of the edition 1.1 titled "Recommended performance criteria for the invasive divider".
The contents of the corrigendum of January 2024 have been included in this copy.

IEC 60601-2-2:2017 applies to the basic safety and essential performance of HF surgical equipment and HF surgical accessories.
HF surgical equipment having a rated output power not exceeding 50 W (for example for micro-coagulation, or for use in dentistry or ophthalmology) is exempt from certain of the requirements of this particular standard. These exemptions are indicated in the relevant requirements.
The object of this particular standard is to establish particular basic safety and essential performance requirements for HF surgical equipment and HF surgical accessories. This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2009. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- refinement and additions to the defined terms;
- additional separation of the requirements for HF surgical equipment and HF surgical accessories;
- a new requirement for adult neutral electrodes to be contact quality monitoring neutral electrodes;
- new requirements for devices that have or use a high current mode.

IEC 60601-2-75:2017 applies to the basic safety and essential performance of photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis equipment.
Hazards inherent in the intended physiological function of ME equipment or ME systems within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in 7.2.13 and 8.4.1 of the general standard.
This document applies to photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis equipment used for compensation or alleviation of disease, injury or disability.
In the case of combined equipment (e.g. equipment additionally provided with a function or an applied part for the target area), such equipment also comply with any particular standard specifying safety requirements for the additional function.
This particular standard does not apply to:
- light therapy equipment intended for use in photothermal ablation, coagulation, and hyperthermia;
- low-level laser therapy equipment not intended for use with a photosensitizer;
- illumination equipment intended for use in observation, monitoring, and diagnosis, not intended for use with a photosensitizer.
This document is to be used with IEC 60601-1:2005 and its amendment 1.

IEC 60601-2-10:2012 specifies the requirements for the safety and essential performance of nerve and muscle stimulators, for use in the practice of physical medicine. This includes transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators (TENS) and electrical muscle stimulators (EMS). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 1987 and its Amendment 1 (2001). This edition constitutes a technical revision and is aligned with IEC 60601-1:2005+A1:2012.

IEC 80601-2-59:2017 applies to the basic safety and essential performance of screening thermographs intended to be used for the individual non-invasive febrile temperature screening of a human under controlled environmental conditions, hereafter referred to as ME equipment. This document sets laboratory characterization test limits for the screening thermograph.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) updates of the normative references and the bibliography;
b) expansion of the applicability to pandemic infectious diseases in general.

ISO 81060-3:2022 This document specifies the requirements and methods for the clinical investigation of continuous automated non-invasive sphygmomanometers used for the measurement of the blood pressure of a patient.
This document does not cover usability aspects such as the form and manner of the data display or output. This document does not specify a numerical threshold on the minimum output period. A continuous automated non-invasive sphygmomanometer providing blood pressure parameters (e.g., systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure or mean arterial pressure) with an output period considerably larger than 30 s is not typically considered a continuous automated non-invasive sphygmomanometer.
This document covers both trending continuous automated non-invasive sphygmomanometers and absolute accuracy continuous automated non-invasive sphygmomanometers and focuses solely on requirements for the clinical investigation. Representation of output is not covered by this document.
NOTE 1 IEC 62366-1 provides requirements on the application of usability engineering to medical devices. The usability engineering process can be used to clarify for the intended user whether the displayed data concerns absolute accurate values or trending values.
The requirements and methods for the clinical investigation of continuous automated non-invasive sphygmomanometers provided in this document are applicable to any subject population, and any condition of use of the continuous automated non-invasive sphygmomanometers.
NOTE 2 Subject populations can, for example, be represented by age or weight ranges.
NOTE 3 This document does not provide a method to assess the effect of artefacts during the clinical investigation (e.g. motion artefacts induced by the movement of the subject or the movement of the platform supporting the subject).
This document specifies additional disclosure requirements for the accompanying documents of continuous automated non-invasive sphygmomanometers that have undergone clinical investigation according to this document.
This document is not applicable to:
- the clinical investigation of a non-automated sphygmomanometer as given in ISO 81060-1,
- the clinical investigation of an intermittent automated non-invasive sphygmomanometer as given in ISO 81060-2,
- an automated non-invasive sphygmomanometer as given in IEC 80601-2-30, or
- invasive blood pressure monitoring equipment as given in IEC 60601‑2‑34.